title: Property tax

text: There are four broad types of property: land, immovable property, personal property and intellectual property. Real property (also called real estate or realty) means the combination of land and improvements. Under a property tax system, the government requires and/or performs an appraisal of the monetary value of each property. A tax is assessed based on that value. Forms of property tax used vary among countries and jurisdictions. Real property is often taxed based on its classification. Classification is the grouping of properties based on similar use.


title: Wells Cathedral

text: The first church was established on the site in 705. Construction of the present building began in the 10th century under Anglo-Saxon rule, but was later transformed under the Normans. It was largely complete at the time of its dedication in 1239. It has been expanded and renovated several times since then and has been designated by English Heritage as a grade I listed building.


title: Analog television

text: The current deadline for "low power" TV stations in the United States to switch to digital television is July 13th 2021, over 60 years after analog was first made. The full power stations already switched in the months between February 12th and July 12th 2009.


title: Property tax

text: Properties in different classes are taxed at different rates. Examples of different classes of property are residential, commercial, industrial and vacant real property. In Israel, for example, property tax rates are double for vacant apartments versus occupied apartments. In the Canadian province of British Columbia a speculation tax on residential properties has been introduced in 2019.


title: Wells Cathedral

text: The first church was established here in 705 AD. It was dedicated to Saint Andrew. The only remains of this first church are some excavated foundations which can be seen in the cloisters. The baptismal font in the south transept is the oldest surviving part of the cathedral which is dated to c.700 AD.


title: Analog television

text: In 2008, the FCC in the US said that all full power stations needed to switch to digital by the 13th February 2009. Most had already been running digital channels alongside the analog version. Satellite, cable, and users with low power did not need to make the change at the time. The FCC gave people up to 2 $40 coupons to buy converter boxes between January 2008 and March 2009.


title: Property tax

text: A special assessment tax is sometimes confused with property tax. These are two distinct forms of taxation: one "(Ad valorem" tax) relies upon the appraised fair market value of the property being taxed. The other (special assessment) relies upon a special enhancement called a "benefit" for its justification.


title: Wells Cathedral

text: Two centuries later, the seat of the diocese was shifted to Wells from Sherborne. The first Bishop of Wells was Athelm (circa 909), who crowned King Athelstan. Athelm and his nephew Saint Dunstan both became Archbishops of Canterbury. It was also around this time that Wells Cathedral School was founded.


title: Analog television

text: In the UK, regions began changing to digital terrestrial television in 2007. The regional phase ended in 2012. Northern Ireland was the last place to replace analog in the UK on the morning of 24th of October 2012.


title: Property tax

text: The "property tax rate" is often given as a percentage. It may also be expressed as a per mille (amount of tax per thousand currency units of property value), which is also known as a "millage rate" or "mill" (which is also one-thousandth of a currency unit). To calculate the property tax, the authority will multiply the assessed value of the property by the mill rate. Then they will divide by 1,000. For example, a property with an assessed value of $50,000 located in a municipality with a mill rate of 20 mills would have a property tax bill of $1,000 per year.


title: Wells Cathedral

text: Wells Cathedral dates mainly from the late twelfth and early thirteenth centuries; the nave and transept are masterpieces of Early English architecture. It was largely complete at the time of its dedication in 1239.


title: Analog television

text: Some people were worried that because some digital channels didn't have subtitles, that some people would have difficulty understanding what was happening. The London Olympic Games were meant to be held soon, which also made people worried that the timetable would affect people's ability to watch it if they did not make the switch completely.


title: Wells Cathedral

text: The bishop responsible for the construction was Jocelyn de Wells, one of the bishops at the signing of Magna Carta. Jocelyn's buildings included the Bishop's Palace, a choristers' school, a grammar school, a hospital for travellers and a chapel. He also built a manor at Wookey, near Wells. The master mason associated with Jocelyn was Elias of Dereham (died 1246). Jocelyn lived to see the church dedicated but, despite much lobbying of Rome, died in 1242. Cathedral status was granted in 1245. Masons continued with the enrichment of the West Front until about 1260.


title: Analog television

text: Meanwhile in the US, 2 years after all of the full power analog TV stations were shut down, the FCC, on July 15, 2011 made the date for low power television. Stations on channels 52 to 69 had to shut down or leave those channels by December 31, 2011, and all analog television transmitters needed to shut down by September 1, 2015. The FCC said, on May 17 of 2017, that all analog low-power stations and transmitters must convert by July 13, 2021.


title: Wells Cathedral

text: King John was excommunicated between 1209 and 1213. During this time, work on the cathedral was suspended. In this period, building methods advanced so that bigger blocks of masonry could be moved and put into the walls. The effect of this advance can be seen on the walls of the cathedral; at a point in the building's walls, the blocks of stone increase in size.


title: Wells Cathedral

text: it already seemed too small for the developing liturgy, in particular the increasingly grand processions. A new spate of building was therefore started by Bishop John Drokensford. He heightened the central tower and began a dramatic eight-sided Lady chapel at the far east end, finished by 1326. Thomas of Whitney was the master mason.


title: Wells Cathedral

text: Bishop Ralph of Shrewsbury followed. He continued the eastward extension of the quire. He also built Vicars' Close and the Vicars' Hall, to give the men of the choir a secure place to live and dine, away from the town with all its temptations.


title: Wells Cathedral

text: He enjoyed an uneasy relationship with the citizens of Wells, partly because of his imposition of taxes. He surrounded his palace with crenellated walls and a moat and drawbridge. The Palace was now a castle.


title: Wells Cathedral

text: The appointment of William Wynford as master mason in 1365 marked another period of activity. He was one of the foremost architects of his time and, apart from Wells, was engaged in work for the king at Windsor and at New College, Oxford University and Winchester Cathedral. Under Bishop John Harewell, he built the south-west tower of the West Front and designed the north west, which was built to match in the early 15th century. Inside the building he filled in the early English lancet windows with delicate tracery.


title: Wells Cathedral

text: In the fourteenth century, the central piers (upright supports) of the crossing (where the building forms a cross) started sinking under the weight of the crossing tower. 'Scissor arches' were inserted to brace and stabilize the piers as a unit. The building was now complete, and it looked much as it does today.


title: Lilac (colour)

text: Lilac is a light violet colour. It is named after the colour of the lilac flower. The actual colour of the flowers of the plant may range from the colour of the lilac flowers shown at left to a richer or deeper colour. These colours, such as "rich lilac" and "deep lilac", are shown in the colour chart below.


title: Calisthenics

text: Calisthenics is a series of exercises used to develop strength, power and balance or a repeated rhythmical exercise that uses the weight of the body as resistance or the systematic exercises for attaining strength-gracefulness or the practice of calisthenic exercises.


title: Insulin resistance

text: Insulin resistance is a serious condition in which insulin becomes less able to lower the level of glucose (sugar) in the blood. Usually, insulin helps sugar move out of the blood and into the body's cells. In the cells, the body can use sugar to make energy. If this does not happen correctly, too much sugar stays in the blood. This is called hyperglycemia. If the blood glucose level is above normal for a long time, this can lead to major health problems.


title: Lilac (colour)

text: Some lilac flowers are coloured tones of lilac and other lilac flowers are coloured tones of red-violet. Those lilac flowers that are coloured red-violet are said to be coloured Persian lilac. Therefore, two different colour comparison charts are provided.


title: Calisthenics

text: Calisthenics is recommended for general good health, light exercises designed to promote general physical fitness.


title: Insulin resistance

text: Insulin resistance often causes certain types of diabetes mellitus, especially type 2 diabetes or latent autoimmune diabetes of adults. A condition called 'metabolic syndrome' is strongly tied to insulin resistance.


title: Pennsylvanian

text: The Pennsylvanian is the Upper Carboniferous epoch in the strata of North America. It comes after (above) the Mississippian, and before the Permian. The Pennsylvanian started about 323 million years ago (mya), and ended about 299 mya.


title: Cowpox

text: Cowpox is a disease. This disease affects the skin. It is caused by a virus (Cowpox virus) that is related to the "Vaccinia virus". People (or animals) who have the disease have red blisters. The disease can be spread by touch from cows to humans. The virus that causes cowpox was used to perform the first successful vaccination against another disease. The disease vaccinated against was the deadly smallpox. Smallpox is caused by the related "variola virus". Therefore, the word "vaccination" has the Latin root "vaca" meaning cow.


title: Archie Thompson

text: Archie Thompson (born 23 October 1978) is an Australian football player. He plays for Melbourne Victory and Australia national team.


title: Oil well

text: An oil well is a well to get petroleum from the ground. People in the petroleum industry look for a place that might have oil. They drill a hole deep in the ground and, if the oil is there, then pump it up from the hole. Most oil is very deep underground.


title: Soft palate

text: The soft palate is a part of the mouth, at the roof of the back of the throat, above the uvula (also called Palatine uvula). When something touches there, it creates a gag reflex.


title: Andor (TV series)

text: Andor is a future Disney+ show set in "Star Wars". The show follows a young Cassian Andor when he helps start the Rebel Alliance. The show is set five years before "Rogue One" and will be released in 2022.


title: Pennsylvanian

text: The "coal measures", which give the Carboniferous its name, are the remains of peat formed by dense tropical wetland forests. They were formed in the Pennsylvanian, from about 315–300 million years years ago.


title: Cowpox

text: In 1798, the English physician Edward Jenner made a curious observation. Jenner lived in the countryside, not in the city.


title: Pennsylvanian

text: These forests were on the equator, and the wetlands, which are always low-lying, stretched from North America in the west, through what is now Europe to China in the east, because these continents were all together at the time (Laurussia). The river plain which was the heart of the wetland stretched 5000km from eastern Canada to Ukraine, and was 700km wide. This would make the Pennsylvanian basin larger than any wetlands on Earth today.


title: Cowpox

text: Some of his patients had gotten cowpox, and recovered from it. He observed that those patients did not get the disease again, they seemed to be immune against it. What was more, they also seemed to be immune against smallpox. Smallpox was a deadly disease then, that killed most of the people it infected. So he used the fluid he got from cowpox lesions, and scratched it into healthy people. That way, he could make those people immune against smallpox.


title: Pennsylvanian

text: The characteristic vertebrates of the coal measures were amphibia, and the plants were mostly giant clubmosses such as "Lepidodendron".


title: Cowpox

text: The Cowpox (Catpox) virus is found in Europe and mainly in the UK. Human cases are very rare and most often contracted from domestic cats. The virus is not commonly found in cows; the reservoir hosts for the virus are woodland rodents particularly voles. It is from these rodents that domestic cats get the virus. Symptoms in cats include lesions on the face, neck, forelimbs, and paws, and less commonly upper respiratory tract infection. Symptoms of infection with cowpox virus in humans are localized, pustular lesions generally found on the hands and limited to the site of introduction. The incubation period (the time between an infection and the first signs of the disease) is 9–10 days. The virus can be found mostly in late summer and autumn.


title: Pennsylvanian

text: The rainforest system collapsed about halfway through the Pennsylvanian, and was replaced by a cooler, drier climate. The wetland forests ended when the land level was raised by the pressure of the Gondwana continent against Laurussia, causing the zone of contact to be raised. The end of the Coal Measures marks the end of the Carboniferous period. China was too far away to be affected, and there the wetland forests continued for another 50 million years, into the early Permian.


title: Cowpox

text: Cowpox was the original vaccine of sorts for smallpox. After infection with the disease, the body (usually) gains the ability recognise the similar smallpox virus from its antigens and so is able to fight the smallpox disease much more efficiently.


title: Pennsylvanian

text: As the climate became drier, egg-laying amniotes (Synapsids and Sauropsids) became more common than amphibia. These are the lines that would lead to reptiles and mammals. These egg-laying land vertebrates probably split from the early amniotes in the Mississippian.


title: Cowpox

text: Later, and still today, another vaccine was used: "vaccinia". Vaccinia is similar to cowpox, but not the same.


title: Estimation

text: Estimation is the approximation of a result that one can use even if they are using information that is not clear or is incomplete. It is like making an educated, reasonable guess based on the information given.


title: Labor Day

text: Labor Day is a holiday in the United States and Canada on the first Monday of September. This holiday honors workers. It is similar to the May Day holiday in other countries. Many businesses close on Labor Day. Many students start school the day after Labor Day.


title: Boroughs of Berlin

text: The German capital Berlin is subdivided into 12 boroughs (German: "Stadtteile"/ "Bezirke"). The boroughs are called "Bezirke" in German. The 12 boroughs have political rights like a town community but they are not a legal city.


title: Jazz dance

text: Jazz dance is a dance genre which is easy to recognise, but not easy to define. It is, like some other forms of dance and music, an African influence in western culture.


title: Corn starch

text: Corn starch (or cornflour, sometimes also called maizena) is the starch taken from corn grain. It is used in many ways, mainly in the making of corn syrup, other sugars, snack foods, sweets and beer. Like starch from other sources, it is also used for starching laundry and for industrial uses.


title: Estimation

text: If an estimate is more than the actual amount, then it is called an overestimate. If the estimate was less than the actual result, then it is called an underestimate. This is different from a prediction.


title: Labor Day

text: In some countries, it is known as International Workers' Day. It is celebrated every year on May 1 in almost 80 countries in the world. The day is celebrated on a different day, such as the first Monday of September in the United States.


title: Boroughs of Berlin

text: On January 1, 2001 there was a Berlin borough reform. The reform cut the number of Berlin's boroughs from 23 to 12. This was the result of combining several of the old boroughs. The reform was done in order to cut down administration costs.


title: Jazz dance

text: Its origins were in social dancing to the music of jazz, but it developed into a type of stage dancing.


title: Jazz dance

text: Today, jazz dance is taught to students of stage dancing. The ISTD (Imperial Society of Teachers of Dancing) lists jazz dance under 'Modern Theatre', and the IDTA (International Dance Teachers Association) lists it in their 'Theatre Branch'. Professional stage dancers are certain to have some kind of jazz dance training.


title: Jazz dance

text: Modern ballet has also been influenced by jazz dance. Balanchine's ballet "Slaughter on Tenth Avenue" was the climax of the Broadway musical "On Your Toes" (1936), Kathleen Dunham and Bob Fosse were famous jazz dancers and choreographers.


title: Saber–toothed cat

text: The sabertoothed cats or sabretooth cats are some of the best known and most popular extinct animals. They are among the most impressive carnivores that ever have lived. These cats had long canines and jaws which opened wider than modern cats. This suggests a different style of killing from modern felines.


title: Pantograph (rail)

text: A pantograph is a device that collects electric current from overhead lines for electric trains or trams. The term stems from the resemblance to pantograph devices for copying writing and drawings.


title: Juicy J

text: Jordan Michael Houston (born April 5, 1975), better known by his stage name Juicy J, is an American rapper, songwriter and record producer. He is from Memphis, Tennessee. He is a founding member of the Southern hip hop group Three 6 Mafia. They formed in 1991.


title: Saber–toothed cat

text: The sabre-tooth style of life evolved at least five times amongst carnivorous mammals. This is one of the best-known examples of convergent evolution.


title: Saber–toothed cat

text: The saber tooths were ambush predators, and probably lived in open forests. This would explain their widespread occurrence in the Miocene, when much of the land was covered with woodland. Apart from the canine teeth, their adaptations included strength in the forelimbs (more so than present-day large cats). Their robust (heavy, tough) bodies speak of strength rather than speed.


title: Saber–toothed cat

text: An idea of how they killed is as follows. They hid in wait, and pounced. They hung on round the prey's neck, gripping and slashing the underside of the throat with their canine teeth. This would cause death by blood loss and loss of the air supply.


title: Saber–toothed cat

text: The fact that their teeth vary is interesting. Some have larger teeth, some had smaller dagger-like teeth, some had smooth thick teeth, others had blade-like teeth, sometimes with serrated edges. Some had flanges on the lower jaw, most did not. Ewer remarks that this must show that there were variations in killing method, and in the type of prey, but we know little about this.


title: Saber–toothed cat

text: There are none living today: they are extinct. The extinctions followed climate change, as the world cooled and grassland took over from woodland in the Pliocene and Pleistocene.


title: Psychological test

text: Psychological testing of the modern type started about 150 years ago. Francis Galton (1822–1911) invented the first tests. The American psychologist James Cattell (1860–1944) studied with Galton and then, in 1890, published a classic paper "Mental Tests and Measurements".


title: Psychological test

text: The definition of a psychological test is "an objective and standardized measure of a sample of behavior". The kind of tests which were developed included:


title: Psychological test

text: Psychologists who give these tests have training and qualifications which tell the employer that they are certified to give the tests and assess (understand) the results.


title: Robert Reich

text: Robert Bernard Reich (; born June 24, 1946) is an American political economist, professor, author, and political commentator. He served in the administrations of Presidents Gerald Ford and Jimmy Carter and was the United States Secretary of Labor under President Bill Clinton from 1993 to 1997.


title: Robert Reich

text: Reich is diagnosed with multiple epiphyseal dysplasia, also known as Fairbanks disease, and stands at 4 feet 10.5 inches (1.486 m).


title: Robert Reich

text: In January 2016, Reich announced his endorsement for Senator Bernie Sanders for President of the United States.


title: Samekh

text: Samekh or Simketh is the fifteenth letter in many Semitic alphabets, including Phoenician, Hebrew, and Aramaic, representing .


title: Heineken

text: Heineken is a Dutch beer (5% abv pale lager) which has been brewed by Heineken International since 1873. It is the flagship product of the Heineken company and is made of processed, impure water, sometimes advertised as purified water, malted barley, hops, and yeast. In 1886 H. Elion finished the development of the "Heineken A-yeast", which is still used in the brewing process today. The beer is force carbonated. It is popular worldwide.


title: Samekh

text: Samekh represents , a voiceless alveolar fricative. Unlike most Semitic consonants, the pronunciation of remains constant between vowels and before voiced consonants.


title: Samekh

text: Samekh and Mem form the abbreviation for the Angel of Death, whose name in Hebrew is "Samael". It also stands for centimetre.


title: Interstate 35

text: Interstate 35 is an Interstate Highway in the United States. It goes from Laredo, Texas at the Mexico border north to Duluth, Minnesota. The route is long.


title: Crown Prince Sado

text: Crown Prince Sado () or Crown Prince Jangheon (), January 1735 - May 1762) was a Crown Prince of Joseon. He was the second son of King Yeongjo, and the father of King Jeongjo of Joseon.


title: Interstate 35

text: In June 2015, the highway was closed because of high water and a rock slide caused by Tropical Storm Bill. On June 18, the southbound lanes opened. It was not known when the northbound lanes would open.


title: Crown Prince Sado

text: After the death of his half brother Prince Hyojang, he became heir to the throne. Because of his mental illness and strange behaviour, his father had him locked in a rice chest and starved to death.


title: Interstate 35

text: Between the Oklahoma border and Emporia, I-35 is part of the Kansas Turnpike. This part of the interstate goes through Wichita and goes through the Flint Hills area. At Emporia, I-35 separates itself into a new road. This free part of I-35 goes through Ottawa before entering the Kansas City Metropolitan Area, where it goes through Johnson County, and Kansas City, Kansas.


title: Carriage return

text: A carriage return, sometimes known as a cartridge return and often shortened to CR, <CR> or return, is a control character or mechanism used to reset a device's position to the beginning of a line of text. It is closely associated with the line feed and newline concepts, although it can be considered separately in its own right.


title: Indian English

text: Indian English or South Asian English is several dialects or varieties of English. It is spoken mainly in India, and by first-generation members of the Indian diaspora.


title: Ian St John

text: Ian St John (7 June 1938 – 1 March 2021) was a Scottish footballer. He played as a centre-forward. He is best known as a Liverpool player from 1961 to 1971. He won two First Division league titles and an FA Cup (scoring the 117th minute winning goal in the 1965 final) with Liverpool. He played for Scotland 21 times. He later became a manager and pundit. He was born in Motherwell, Lanarkshire. In 2008, he was added to the Scottish Football Hall of Fame.


title: Pervasive developmental disorder

text: Pervasive developmental disorders (PDD) are a group of disorders. There are five disorders in the group. These disorders all slow down the rate a child learns to talk and listen to others, as well as cause other problems.


title: Tongyong Pinyin

text: Tongyong Pinyin is a romanization of Mandarin Chinese, or a way to write Mandarin in the Roman alphabet, that was invented in Taiwan. It was created by the Taiwanese to oppose Hanyu Pinyin, which is the official romanization of Mandarin in Mainland China, the UN, and most other international organizations, because many Taiwanese do not want to use a writing system created by the Chinese Communist Party. In 2002, it became the official romanization in Taiwan, even though no one was forced to use it. However, in 2009, Taiwan replaced Tongyong with Hanyu as the island's official romanization. While Taipei mostly uses Hanyu spelling today, many cities, particularly in southern Taiwan, still use many different romanizations, including Tongyong spelling, and it can still be seen in many places.


title: Copywriting

text: Copywriting is the act of writing persuasive text that is used for advertising and marketing. This is the job of a copywriter. There are seven types of copywriting depending on the field in which the copywriter is to work:


title: Carriage return

text: In computing, the carriage return is the name of a computer character that directs a printer or screen display to return to the start of a line when printing or displaying text. The origin of its name is as you'd expect: it told a teletype that its print carriage (the cylinder that held the paper) should return to the beginning of a line. On some systems, such as older Macintoshes, it also creates a new line, like the line feed character.


title: Indian English

text: The dialect evolved during and after the British colonial rule of India. English is the co-official language of India, with about 90 million speakers, but with fewer than quarter of a million calling it a first language.


title: Ian St John

text: In June 2014, he announced that he had surgery for bladder cancer in April of that year. The surgery removed his bladder and prostate gland.


title: Pervasive developmental disorder

text: The first three of these disorders are also called autism spectrum disorders. The last two are not common.


title: Tongyong Pinyin

text: Most Tongyong spellings of Chinese syllables are the same as Hanyu spellings. However, one major difference is that Tongyong does not use letters 'x' and 'q', which are both used in Hanyu. Below is a chart that compares syllables in Hanyu to those in Tongyong. Below is not an exhaustive list, but a list that show major differences between the two systems.


title: Indian English

text: In 19th century India, Britain first faced the need to teach English to a body of people who were important to Britain.


title: Pervasive developmental disorder

text: A child's parents might begin to notice signs of PDD when the child is a baby, and it usually appears before the child is three years old.


title: Tongyong Pinyin

text: Below are examples of sentences written in Chinese characters, Hanyu Pinyin, and Tongyong Pinyin with English translations.


title: Indian English

text: There were a number of schools which taught and used English in India. They were mostly run by missionaries. Many taught European and Eurasian children and orphans. The products of these schools provided the first generation of teachers.


title: Join (SQL)

text: A SQL Join clause is a way to retrieve information from two or more tables in a database. When a database programmer wants to do a join command, they will type about the databases they want to get information from, and the type of join they want to use. There are five types of joins. A normal codice_1, which is also called an codice_2, a codice_3, acodice_4, acodice_5 and codice_6.


title: The Onion

text: The Onion is an American satirical digital media company and newspaper organization. It publishes articles on international, national, and local news. The company is based in Chicago. It started as a weekly print publication on 29 August 1988 in Madison, Wisconsin. "The Onion" started publishing online since 1996. In 2007, the organization started publishing sarcastic news, audio and video online as the "Onion News Network". "The Onion" stopped its print edition in 2013. They launched Onion Labs, an advertising agency.


title: Join (SQL)

text: In order for a join to work, there must be information in the tables to be joined that is the same between them.


title: Join (SQL)

text: Suppose a database administrator wanted to know what employee worked in what department. While someone could just compare the ID numbers between the two tables, a way to have the information in one place is by doing a JOIN, also known as an INNER JOIN. Because they have one type of data in common, the department ID, the tables can be joined together.


title: Join (SQL)

text: SELECT LastName, DepartmentName FROM employee join department on department.DepartmentID = employee.DepartmentID;


title: Join (SQL)

text: Because Williams in the employee table did not have an department ID, Williams was not printed in the final result.


title: Join (SQL)

text: Inner joins are fine if both tables have a matching record. However, if one table does not have a record for what the join is being built on, the query will fail. But if a database programmer needs to grab information in an event that there is not a matching record for a row on one of the tables, they need to use an outer join.


title: Join (SQL)

text: A left outer join (also known as a left join) will contain all records from the left table, even if the right table does not have a matching record for each row.


title: Join (SQL)

text: Unlike the inner join, Williams is printed in the final result, even though Williams did not have a department ID. Because Employee was the left table, or the table first mentioned in the SQL query, SQL returns all of the relevant data needed from it. However, since there was not a department ID for Williams, the Department table was only able to return a null result.


title: Join (SQL)

text: A right outer join works almost like a left outer join, except with how the tables are handled reversed. This time, all of the relevant information will be returned from the right table, even if the left table does not have a matching result. If the left table does not have a matching result, null will be in the place of the missing data.


title: Join (SQL)

text: Except for how the tables are treated, left outer joins, and right outer joints work alike. This means, in the left outer join example, if a database programmer were to switch the order of the tables listed from this:


title: The Red Jumpsuit Apparatus

text: The Red Jumpsuit Apparatus is an American band. Since the band formed in 2003 in Jacksonville, Florida, they have made four albums and five EPs.


title: Governor of Massachusetts

text: Just like the other 49 American states, Massachusetts has its own governor. The current governor is Charlie Baker. He is a member of the Republican Party. The first governor of Massachusetts was John Hancock.


title: Deep Throat (Watergate)

text: Deep Throat is the pseudonym given to the secret informant who provided information in 1972 to Bob Woodward, who shared it with Carl Bernstein.


title: Quasi-star

text: Quasi-star, also known as black hole star, is hypothetically star are believed to have only existed of beginning of the universe when most a the material in the galaxy was hydrogen and helium. A Quasi-star could be as large as 10 billion kilometers or roughly large than 7.000 times the radius of the sun. Quasi-star is supermassive star with a central black hole and are both considered as potential progenitor for the formation of supermassive black hole. They are expeted to form from rapidly accreting protostars in massive primordial halos.


title: Governor of Massachusetts

text: Acting governors, denoted as "A" instead of numbered, are included when the Governor resigned or died. Acting governors show a vacancy in the lieutenant governorship. They remain as Lieutenant Governors and merely "act" as governor. Lieutenant governors in Massachusetts do not ascend to the governorship upon death or resignation of their predecessor.


title: Deep Throat (Watergate)

text: Woodward and Bernstein were reporters for "The Washington Post", and Deep Throat gave key details about the involvement of U.S. President Richard Nixon's administration in what came to be known as the Watergate scandal.


title: Deep Throat (Watergate)

text: In 2005, 31 years after Nixon's resignation and 11 years after Nixon's death, a family attorney stated that former Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Associate Director Mark Felt was Deep Throat. By then, Felt was suffering from dementia and had denied being Deep Throat, but Woodward and Bernstein then confirmed the attorney's claim.


title: Vessel element

text: A vessel element (trachea) is one of the cell types found in xylem, the water conducting tissue of plants.


title: Base (geometry)

text: In plane geometry, the base is the side on which a polygon rests on, and which is used as a referenced side for other measurements. The base of a triangle or quadrilateral is often written as formula_1. It is used in the calculation of the area of a triangle and parallelogram.


title: Vessel element

text: Vessel elements are found in flowering plants (angiosperms) but not in most gymnosperms such as conifers. Vessel elements are the main feature distinguishing the "hardwood" of angiosperms from the "softwood" of conifers.


title: Base (geometry)

text: Many geometric shapes of more than two dimensions are constructed by using regular two-dimensional shapes. For example, a tetrahedron is constructed with four triangles, and a cube with six squares. In that context, the shape that is used for construction is called base. The triangle is the base of the tetrahedron, and the square is the base of the cube.


title: Vessel element

text: Xylem vessels are a long straight chain made of tough long dead cells known as vessel elements. The vessel have no cytoplasm. They are not living, but are made by living cells. The cells are arranged end to end and the cell walls have disappeared. This makes a tube.


title: Base (geometry)

text: However, there are also geometric figures that are constructed using different shapes. A pyramid, for example. uses one rectangle and four triangles. In that context, the rectangle is said to be the base of the shape. A cylinder uses a circle or an ellipse as a base.


title: Vessel element

text: Vessels are made of a substance called lignin. They have a lignified cell wall and a central cavity. Vessel members are interconnected through perforations in their common walls. Lignin is a hard organic polymer. It makes the cell walls rigid and is very long-lasting. It is the lignin in xylem vessels which holds trees up.


title: Vessel element

text: Water flows up the xylem vessels. The evaporation of water from the stomata cells in the leaves pulls up the water in a transpiration stream. This is called capillary action, because it depends on the way water molecules stick to the walls of the xylem (adhesion).


title: Vessel element

text: There is also some root pressure, because water enters the roots by osmosis. This is important so water gets upwards during the night when transpiration is low.


title: Vessel element

text: As the water goes up, it carries some minerals with it, so actually the xylem brings some basic nutrients to the plant. The phloem mostly distributes the more complex organic molecules.


title: Gujranwala District

text: Gujranwala District () is a district in the Punjab province of Pakistan. The city of Gujranwala is the capital.


title: Gujranwala District

text: Gujranwala (), the capital of Gujranwala District, is a city in the northeast of the Punjab province in Pakistan. It borders the districts of Sialkot, to the north and east, Shiekhupura, to the south, Hafizabad, to the west and south, and Gujrat district to the west, on the other side of the Chenab river. The district is in the ancient region of Punjab, known as Sandal Bar, between the rivers of Chenab and Ravi.


title: Gujranwala District

text: The southern area of Gujranwala district is known as the Virkyat region or Virk territory, were the Virk Jatts held their territory, independently. The Chatha Jatts never got on with the Sikh Sardars, there were wars all the time. until the reign of Sher-e-Panjab. Before the arrival of Sikhs, into Gujranwala area, it was mainly held by local Muslim tribes, while Gujranwala, Garjakh, Qila Mian Singh, Botala Jhanda Singh, Butala Sham Singh, Eminabad, Kamoke, Qila Didar Singh, Ruriala, Mari Thakran, Ladhe Wala Waraich, Wazirabad, Dhounkal, Wadala Cheema, Mughal Chak were the only, that were under local Sikh Rule. In 1738, Panah Bhatti, a very powerful, Chieftain, had the whole of western Punjab, from Hasan Abdal, Attock, to the banks of the River Ravi, at his mercy, Gujranwala area, was to under his influence, but was defeated, by the Muslim Mughal Governors, of Lahore. Panah Bhatti, was captured and killed.


title: Gujranwala District

text: Sardar Amir Singh, was a very old Sikh Chieftain of Gujranwala, belonging to the Waraich Jat Clan. He had two sons Gurbakhsh Singh and Dal Singh, and two daughters including, Desan Kaur (d. 1778), Mai Desan in 1756, was married to Sardar Charat Singh Sukerchakia (d. 1770), who was from Amritsar District of Punjab, crossed the river Ravi, with a large Sikh army, and Occupied Gujranwala, establishing his independent State. Mai Desan, gave birth to Sardar Mahan Singh Sukerchakia (d. 1792), who expanded his territories, and fought against the Chatha Jats, who he defeated. He married Mata Raj Kaur, the daughter of Rajah Gajpat Singh, a Sidhu Jatt, ruler of Jind Sikh State, in about 1777, who later gave birth to Maharajah Ranjit Singh Sher-e-Panjab in 1780, in Gujranwala Haveli (Mansion), the biggest and tallest building in Gujranwala and fortified, at that time, where the great Sikh Chieftains lived. From 1792-1801, Gujranwala remained the capital of Ranjit Singh, until he captured Lahore in 1799, from Sardar Chet Singh Bhangi, a weak Sikh Chieftain of Lahore. Sardar Hari Singh Nalua (1791-1837), was also born in Gujranwala, to Sardar Gurdial Singh, and Mata Dharam Kaur, a Uppal Khatri, who was also the commander and general of the Sikh army during the Sikh times, family was originally from Amritsar. He has been credited for having rebuilt the present city of Gujranwala.


title: Gujranwala District

text: Ranjit Singh, brought all the independent Muslim states of Gujranwala, under his rule. During the later Sikh rule, the Hindu's of Gujranwala, played a great role, in those days. Maharajah Ranjit Singh, having, great tolerance, built many Durgahs of Sufi Saints, such as Mastan Shah, near Gujranwala, according to the local legends of Gujranwalia's. Who is said to have met the maharajah during his childhood. He Visited Dhounkal village, near Wazirabad city, in Gujranwala, where the shrine of mystical Sakhi Sarwar stands.


title: Gujranwala District

text: It has been recorded that a small number of the total Sikh population, of Gujranwala district, were from Eastern Punjab, who started settling in Gujranwala, during the occupation of the area, by the Sikh chief, Charat Singh. Sardar Jhanda Singh, also in between 1760-1799, migrated to Gujranwala, where he established his own Authority, and later founded the village of Botala Jhanda Singh. Other Sikh Sardars such as the Maan Jatt Sikh Sardars of Mughal Chak, and the Waraich Jatt Sikh Sardars of Ruriala in Gujranwala, were also from Amritsar District. Most of the Lahore Sikh royal family members, were from mainly Gujranwala, Sialkot, and some from Amritsar district. There are hundreds of old Islamic Tombs, Forts, Canals, Villages, Gurdwaras, Temples, Mansions, old Villages, Mosques, Baradari's and city walls, which are in ruins, scattered throughout Gujranwala countryside.


title: Gujranwala District

text: The second Anglo Sikh Wars were fought in 1848-49, between the Sikh Empire and British East India Company. were fought at Ram Nagar, also in Gujranwala, where it was Sikh Victory. In 1847, the district had come under British influence. two year later it was under British rule in 1849.


title: Gujranwala District

text: In 1947, Gujranwala District, was awarded to Pakistan, because of Muslims being a majority forming about 75%, while the Sikhs were 10% and the Hindus were about 15%. Plunder, masses of Looting, Force Conversion, Genocide, destruction, and rioting took place in Gujranwala, during 1947, August time. It has been recorded that Sikhs, also protected their villages, in Gujranwala, along with the Hindus, and many died fighting, against the Muslim looters. All the Sikh and Hindu population, left for Eastern Punjab. While the Muhajir Muslims, from the Indian States of Haryana, Rajasthan, Uttar pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, and Delhi, in en masse, migrated to Pakistan, a good number of them settled in the Gujranwala region. Today Gujranwala, has the largest population, along with other districts, The Tribes of Gujranwala, are mainly Jatts, Rajputs, and the Muhajirs.


title: Black Country

text: The Black Country is a region of the West Midlands in England, west of Birmingham, and commonly refers to all or part of the four Metropolitan Boroughs of Dudley, Sandwell, Walsall and Wolverhampton.


title: Digital audio player

text: The digital audio player is a device that can play digital audio, such as CD and MP3 formatted music. Such devices include MP3 players and CD players. Some are portable and use battery power.


title: Château de Saint Cloud

text: The Château de Saint Cloud was a château in Paris, France. It was sometimes called the Palace of Saint Cloud. It was burned down during the Franco-Prussian War in 1870. It was once a private property of Queen Marie Antoinette. Since December 2006, there has been a movement to rebuild the Château de Saint-Cloud.


title: Basdeo Panday

text: Basdeo Panday (born May 25, 1933) is a Trinidadian politician. He was the fifth Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago. He served as Prime Minister from 1995 to 2001.


title: Lose You to Love Me

text: "Lose You to Love Me" is a song performed by American singer-actress Selena Gomez. It was released on October 23, 2019, as the dual lead single (along with “Look at Her Now”) from her third solo album, "Rare". Gomez wrote the song with Justin Tranter, Julia Michaels, and its producer, Mattman & Robin. FINNEAS, known for producing his sister Billie Eilish's songs, produced this song as well.


title: Château de Saint Cloud

text: The building was originally called the ""he Hôtel d'Aulnay"". In the 16h century, it was expanded into a château by the Gondi banking family. The estate was in the hands of the Gondi family till 1658. At that time it was bought by Philippe of France, Duke of Orléans, the only brother of Louis XIV of France. The estate remained the personal property of the descendants of Philippe of France. It was a country residence, as opposed to the Palais Royal in the center of Paris.


title: Lose You to Love Me

text: In its first week on the "Billboard" Hot 100, the song entered at number 15 but jumped to #1 the next week, giving Gomez her first US number-one hit.


title: Château de Saint Cloud

text: After negotiating for a long time, the Château de Saint-Cloud was bought in 1785 by Louis XVI. He bought it for Marie Antoinette. She thought that the air of Saint-Cloud would be good for her children. Louis Philippe, Duke of Orléans, who had not visited the château since his morganatic marriage to his mistress Madame de Montesson, sold it for 6,000,000 livres. Marie Antoinette started changing Saint-Cloud in 1787-1788. She used her preferred architect Richard Mique. He had also decorated parts of the Palace of Versailles for the queen.


title: Château de Saint Cloud

text: During the Second Empire, Emperor Napoléon III and Empress Eugénie held their imperial court at Saint-Cloud during the spring and the autumn. There was also a reception for Queen Victoria in honour of her 1855 visit to France. In 1859, a model railway was built in the private park. It was built for Napoléon, Prince Imperial, the 3-year-old son of emperor Napoléon III.


title: Containment building

text: A containment building is a building with a nuclear reactor in it. It is built around the reactor to keep the radiation from getting out, if something happens to the reactor. The containment building is the last barrier to the radiation getting into the environment. Containment systems for nuclear power reactors are distinguished by size, shape, materials used, and suppression systems. The kind of containment used is determined by the type of reactor, generation of the reactor, and the specific plant needs.


title: Happy Rockefeller

text: Margaretta Large Fitler Murphy Rockefeller (June 9, 1926 – May 19, 2015), best known as Happy Rockefeller, was the widow of Nelson Aldrich Rockefeller, who was the 41st Vice President of the United States and the Governor of New York. She was the Second Lady of the United States from December 1974 to January 1977. Before she was the Second Lady, she was the First Lady of New York from May 1963 to December 1973.


title: Containment building

text: The Chernobyl accident was very bad partly because the Soviet RBMK reactors used at the Chernobyl power plant had no containment buildings. The explosion, however, was so powerful that it is unlikely a containment building would have completely prevented the release of radiation.


title: Happy Rockefeller

text: Her mother was Margaretta Large Harrison and her father was William Wonderly Fitler, Jr., an heir to a cordage fortune. Rockefeller is known by her nickname, "Happy", given when she was a child. She is a great-great-granddaughter of Union general George G. Meade, the commander in the Battle of Gettysburg.


title: Containment building

text: The diagram shows the order of defense layers for a nuclear reactor. The first layer of defense is the inert, ceramic quality of the uranium oxide itself. The second layer is the air tight zirconium alloy of the fuel rod. The third layer is the reactor pressure vessel made of steel more than a dozen centimeters thick. The fourth layer is the pressure resistant, air tight "containment building". The fifth layer is the exclusion zone around the reactor.


title: Happy Rockefeller

text: She married Dr. James Slater Murphy, a virologist associated with Rockefeller Institute who was a close friend to Nelson Rockefeller on December 11, 1945, they divorced on April 1, 1963. They had the following four children, James B. Murphy II, Margaretta Harrison Murphy, Carol Slater Murphy, and Malinda Fitler Murphy, who married Francis Menotti, the adopted son of composer Gian Carlo Menotti.


title: Happy Rockefeller

text: At the home of Laurance S. Rockefeller in Pocantico Hills, New York, on May 4, 1963, a month after her divorce—which was granted for reasons of what "The New York Times" called "grievous mental anguish" and her former husband's lawyer called "irreconcilable differences"—she married Gov. Nelson Rockefeller. He had divorced his first wife, Mary Todhunter Clark, on March 16, 1962. Happy and Nelson Rockefeller had two sons: Nelson Rockefeller, Jr. (born 1964) and Mark Rockefeller (born 1967). She previously had worked as a member of his office staff until her resignation in 1961.


title: Happy Rockefeller

text: Happy Murphy's involvement with Gov. Rockefeller was controversial at the time. As the British journalist Lady Jeanne Campbell wrote in the London Evening Standard, when the Murphy-Rockefeller involvement became a topic of media investigation after the announcement of Rockefeller's filing for divorce from his first wife and Happy Murphy's resignation from his staff, "Already people are comparing Happy Murphy to the Duchess of Windsor when she was plain Mrs. Simpson." Echoing the party-wide concerns, an official of the Michigan Republican Party told "The New York Times" that the couple's potential marriage likely would cost Rockefeller the 1964 presidential nomination. "The rapidity of it all—he gets a divorce, she gets a divorce—and the indication of the break-up of two homes. Our country doesn't like broken homes."


title: Happy Rockefeller

text: In 1971, Rockefeller served as chairwoman of the board for the Saratoga Performing Arts Center. She was appointed as a public delegate to the United Nations by President George H. W. Bush in 1991.


title: Happy Rockefeller

text: She was a breast cancer survivor who had suffered mastectomy in 1974, two weeks after Betty Ford underwent the same operation. She died of a short-illness at the age of 88.


title: Vole

text: A vole is a small mouse-like mammal. It is a rodent from a subfamily called the Arvicolinae. They live in woodlands and grasslands.


title: Official names of India

text: India has 23 official languages. The its constitution lists the name of the country in each of the languages. Hindi and English are the "official languages of the union" (Union meaning the Federal Government located in Delhi); Tamil and Sanskrit are officially the "classical languages of India."


title: Ratite

text: The ratites are a group of medium to large birds, most of which are flightless. Most of them, including the largest (moas and elephant birds) are now extinct.


title: ASAP

text: ASAP is an acronym that means "As soon as possible". This means that something should be done as fast as it is able to be done.


title: Mantle (geology)

text: A mantle is a layer inside a planetary body that is between the core and the crust of a planetary body. Mantles are made of rock or ices. They are generally the largest layer of the planetary body. All terrestrial planets, a number of asteroids, and some moons have mantles.


title: Vole

text: There are about 155 species of voles. There are species in Europe, Asia, North Africa and North America. The closest relatives of voles are the lemmings and muskrats, which are in the same subfamily.


title: Ratite

text: Unlike other flightless birds, the ratites have no keel on their sternum. In a flying bird the sternum anchors the wing muscles.


title: Mantle (geology)

text: The Earth's mantle is a layer of silicate rock between the crust and the outer core. Its mass is 4.01 × 10 kg. It makes up 67% the mass of the Earth. It has a thickness of 2,900 kilometres (1,800 mi). It makes up about 84% of Earth's volume. The Earth's mantle behaves as a viscous fluid.


title: Vole

text: Adult voles, depending on the species, are 7.5 to 17.5 centimetres (three to seven inches) long. They eat seeds, grass or other plants, and insects.


title: Ratite

text: Most parts of the former super-continent Gondwana have ratites, or did have until the fairly recent past. Their closest living relatives are the tinamous of South America.


title: Mantle (geology)

text: Mercury has a silicate mantle that is approximately 490 km thick. Mercury's mantle makes up 28% of its mass. Venus's silicate mantle is approximately 2800 km thick. Venus's mantle makes up around 70% of its mass. Mars's silicate mantle is approximately 1600 km thick. Mar's mantle makes up 74–88% of its mass.


title: Vole

text: The average life of the smaller vole species is three to six months. These voles rarely live longer than 12 months. Larger species, such as the European water vole "Arvicola", live longer. They usually die during their second winter. As many as 88% of voles die during the first month of life.


title: Ratite

text: The classification used here includes all ratites in the order Struthioniformes, but not the tinamous. This may change in future.


title: Mantle (geology)

text: Jupiter's moons Io, Europa, and Ganymede have silicate mantles. Io's mantle is 1100 km thick. Ganymede's mantle is 1315 km thick. Europa's mantle is 1165 km thick. The silicate mantle of the Moon is approximately 1300–1400 km thick. Titan and Triton each have a mantle made of ice or other solid volatile substances.


title: Ratite

text: It was once thought that ratites were all one monophyletic group, which evolved together in Gondwana in the Upper Cretaceous. Then they evolved in their separate ways as Gondwana split up, and the parts drifted apart. The parts became the modern southern continents, plus Africa and the Indian subcontinent.


title: Mantle (geology)

text: Some of the largest asteroids have mantles. For example, Vesta has a silicate mantle similar in composition to diogenite meteorites.


title: Ratite

text: However, modern gene analysis conflicts with this. DNA analysis shows that the ratites diverged from one another too recently to share a common Gondwanian ancestor. However, all analyses show that rheas (South America) and the living Australasian/Oceanian ratites "are" monophyletic.


title: Ratite

text: Recent analysis of twenty nuclear genes suggests that the flighted tinamous cluster within the ratite lineage. The timamids are the sister group of the Australo-Pacific ratites.


title: Ratite

text: If so, this would make 'ratites', as a whole, paraphyletic rather than monophyletic. Since tinamous are weak fliers, this raises interesting questions about the evolution of flightlessness in this group. If timamous are inside the ratite lineage, then ratites evolved flightlessness at least three times. Re-evolution of flight in the tinamous would be an alternative explanation, but that has no precedent in bird evolution, while loss of flight is commonplace.


title: Ratite

text: Tinamous are ratites. Therefore, ratites are a group of medium to large birds, most of whom are flightless, with the exception of the tinamous. The ratites evolved flightlessness more than once. The similarities between Ostriches and the Australo-Pacific ratites is due to convergent evolution.


title: Political hip hop

text: Political hip hop (also called political rap, conscious hip hop or conscious rap) is a form of hip hop music that focuses on social issues and politics. It developed during the 1980s, being inspired by 1970s political preachers such as The Last Poets and Gil Scott-Heron. Public Enemy were the first political hip hop group. Grandmaster Flash and the Furious Five released the first well-known sociopolitical rap song in 1982 called "The Message", which inspired numerous rappers to address social and political subjects.


title: Decimal degrees

text: Positive latitudes are north of the equator and less than zero latitudes are south of equator. Positive longitudes are east of the prime meridian and less than zero longitudes are to the west of the prime meridian. Latitude and longitude are usually listed as "Latitude, Longitude", in that order.


title: Political hip hop

text: Conscious hip hop also called Socially Conscious hip hop or Conscious rap is sub-genre of Hip hop that focuses on social issues. It was created by music critics and fans rather that the artists themselves.


title: Decimal degrees

text: The radius of the semi-major axis (the distance from the center of Earth to the outside at the equator line) of Earth at the equator is 6,378,137.0 meters resulting in a circumference of 40,075,161.2 meters. The number of decimal places required for a particular precision at the equator is:


title: Interstate 99

text: Interstate 99 is an Interstate Highway in the state of Pennsylvania in the United States. It goes from Bedford north to Bellefontaine. The route is long. It will be extended into South Carolina.


title: Tin(IV) iodide

text: Tin(IV) iodide, also known as stannic iodide and tin tetraiodide, is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is SnI. It contains tin and iodide ions. The tin is in its +4 oxidation state.


title: Stotting

text: Stotting (or pronking) is a behaviour of some bovines, particularly gazelles. They spring into the air, and lift all four feet off the ground simultaneously. Usually, the legs are held in a relatively stiff position and the back may be arched with the head pointing downward. Many explanations of stotting have been proposed. At least in some cases it is an honest signal to predators that the stotting animal is not worth pursuing.


title: Khadim Hussain Rizvi

text: Khadim Hussain Rizvi (; 22 May 1966 – 19 November 2020) was a Pakistani far right radical preacher. He was the founder of Tehreek-e-Labbaik Pakistan. He was known for his protest against any change to Pakistan's blasphemy law. He was born in Pindigheb, West Pakistan.


title: Tin(IV) iodide

text: Tin(IV) iodide is a red-orange solid. It reacts with water to make hydriodic acid and tin(IV) oxide. It dissolves in organic solvents. It reacts with hydriodic acid to make the SnI ion.


title: Stotting

text: Stotting makes a prey animal more visible and uses up energy and time that could be spent escaping. Therefore, it is assumed that it must bring some benefit to the stotting animal. A number of possible explanations have been proposed. Stotting may be:


title: Khadim Hussain Rizvi

text: On 19 November 2020, Rizvi was taken to the Shaikh Zayed Hospital in Lahore and died a few hours later, aged 54.


title: Tin(IV) iodide

text: It is normally made by reacting iodine with tin. It can also be made by reacting tin(IV) oxide with hydriodic acid.


title: Stotting

text: The English evolutionary biologist John Maynard Smith concludes that "the natural explanation is that stotting is an index of condition and of escape capability", used as a signal especially to coursing predators. He also observes that "it is hard to see how it could be a handicap", unless perhaps it is a signal to other gazelles of the same species.


title: Birtamod Municipality

text: Birtamode (Nepali: बिर्तामोड नगरपालिका) is a municipality in Jhapa District of Nepal. It is the commercial, educational and transportation center of Jhapa District. The nearest local towns connected to Birtamod are Sarnamati , Shivasatakshi Bazar, Kamatoli Bazar, Chakchaki Bazar and Surunga Bazar. Birtamod is the largest city of Jhapa.


title: British Rail Class 92

text: The Class 92 is a dual-voltage British railway locomotive which can run on 25 kV AC from overhead lines or 750 V DC from a third rail. It was designed specifically to operate services through the Channel Tunnel between Britain and France. Eurotunnel indicates the Class 92 locomotive as the reference for other locomotives which railway undertakings might want to get certified for usage in the Channel tunnel.


title: Korean Air Flight 803

text: On 27 July 1989, a Korean Air DC-10 crashed while attempting to land in Tripoli, Libya. 75 of the 199 passengers and crew on board plus 4 persons on the ground were killed in the crash.


title: Virgin cleansing myth

text: The virgin cleansing myth (other names are virgin cure myth, virgin rape myth, or simply virgin myth) is the belief that having sex with a virgin girl cures a man of sexually transmitted diseases.


title: Imee Marcos

text: Maria Imelda Josefa "Imee" Romualdez Marcos (; born November 12, 1955) is a Filipina politician. She has been a Senator since 2019. She was governor of Ilocos Norte from 2010 to 2019 and a representative of Ilocos Norte's 2nd district from 1998 to 2007.


title: Korean Air Flight 803

text: Flight 803 was a scheduled International passenger service from Seoul, South Korea to Tripoli, Libya with intermediate stops in Bangkok, Thailand and Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. While on final approach to Tripoli, the aircraft crashed into an orchard approximately 1.5 miles short of the runway 27. The weather at the time of the crash consisted of heavy fog and visibility was between 100 and 800 feet.


title: Virgin cleansing myth

text: Anthropologist Suzanne Leclerc-Madlala says the myth is a potential factor in infant rape by HIV-positive men in South Africa. Young girls are often raped, because they are thought to be virgins because of their age. Sometimes, people with disabilities are raped, because the rapist thinks that because of their disability, these people do not have sex and are therefore virgins.


title: Korean Air Flight 803

text: Korean Air Flight 803 was the second aviation disaster involving a DC-10 in less than two weeks. United Airlines Flight 232 had crashed on 19 July 1989 while attempting an emergency landing in Sioux City, Iowa with 111 of the 296 people on board losing their lives.


title: Virgin cleansing myth

text: The myth was first reported in 16th-century Europe; it became widely known in 19th-century Victorian England as a cure for syphilis and gonorrhea among other sexually transmitted diseases. The origin is unknown, but historian Hanne Blank writes that the idea may have evolved from Christian legends of virgin–martyrs, whose purity served as a form of protection in battling demons.


title: Korean Air Flight 803

text: Daewoo and Donga had multiple employees, working at construction sites of those companies' facilities, on board; they were South Korean citizens.


title: Virgin cleansing myth

text: People all over the world have heard this myth, including in sub-Saharan Africa, Asia, Europe and the Americas.


title: Korean Air Flight 803

text: After the crash Flight 803's pilot Kim Ho-jung was quoted as saying - "The airport was shrouded in dense fog and visibility was poor when I approached. I lost contact with the control tower for 15 minutes before the crash." Libya's official news agency JANA reported that a Soviet airliner one hour before Flight 803 had rerouted to Malta rather than land in the fog. Also the instrument landing system at Tripoli International Airport wasn't working at the time of the crash.


title: Virgin cleansing myth

text: A survey by the University of South Africa (UNISA) in South Africa found that 18 percent of workers thought that having sex with a virgin cures HIV/AIDS. An earlier study in 1999 by sexual health educators in Gauteng reported that 32 percent of the people taking part in the survey believed the myth.


title: Korean Air Flight 803

text: A Libyan court found the pilot and co-pilot guilty of neglect in December 1990. They were given prison sentences of two years and eighteen months respectively. In the case of the co-pilot the sentence was suspended.


title: Virgin cleansing myth

text: According to Betty Makoni of the Girl Child Network in Zimbabwe, traditional healers carry on the myth, because they tell HIV-positive men that having sex with a virgin can cure HIV/AIDS. In Zimbabwe, some people also believe that the blood produced by raping a virgin will cleanse the infected person's blood of the disease.


title: Korean Air Flight 803

text: The cause of the crash was determined to be crew error in attempting a descent below decision height without the runway environment in sight.


title: Virgin cleansing myth

text: In 2002, psychologist Mike Earl-Taylor wrote that the virgin cure myth may explain the rise in child or infant rapes in South Africa, which is facing an HIV/AIDS epidemic. UNICEF has attributed the rape of hundreds of girls to the virgin cleansing myth.


title: Virgin cleansing myth

text: There have been no studies to find out how common the myth is, and how many people get raped because of this belief. Researchers Rachel Jewkes and Helen Epstein say that the belief does not drive HIV infection or child sexual abuse in Africa. A study done on convicted sex offenders in Malawi also did not find any evidence to support the idea that the virgin cleansing myth prompted any rapes.


title: Virgin cleansing myth

text: Because peolple do not know about HIV and the AIDS infection, this causes problems with preventing it in many countries in Africa.


title: Virgin cleansing myth

text: Education has helped women such as Betty Makoni speak out against the myth and attempt to dissuade people from believing the virgin cleansing myth.


title: Advanced Placement Program

text: The Advanced Placement Program, or AP, is a program that offers higher level school classes for high school students in Canada and the United States. "Good Schools Guide International" says it is "much more difficult than most classes", although it is not as difficult as the IB program.


title: Roku

text: Roku ( ) is a digital media players brand manufactured by American company Roku, Inc.. It allows streaming of videos. It also have its own channel called Roku Channel. On August 8, 2018, The Roku Channel became available on the web as well. Roku also added the "Featured Free" section in which users can get access to direct streaming of shows and movies from its partners.


title: Reduced affect display

text: Reduced affect displays (better known as emotional blunting) is the condition where a person has a reduced emotional reaction. People with this condition have problems expressing their feelings. They are unble to do this while they talk about certain problems which normally cause people to express emotions. Expressive gestures aren't common. There is also little or no animation in the facial expressions or the changes for certain people's voices. Reduced affect is often the symptom of autism, depression, schizoid personality disorder, schizophrenia or even post-traumatic stress disorder. It is also often the side effect of certain drugs (these tend to include antipsychotic or antidepressant drugs).


title: Advanced Placement Program

text: After World War II, the Ford Foundation gave money to committees studying education. The program was started at Kenyon College in Gambier, Ohio, by the then college president Gordon Chalmers which was then called the "Kenyon Plan". The first study was conducted by three preparatory schools—the Lawrenceville School, Phillips Academy, and Phillips Exeter Academy—and three universities—Harvard University, Princeton University, and Yale University. In 1952 they gave the report "General Education in School and College: A Committee Report" which said to allow high school seniors to study college level material and to take achievement examinations that allowed them to get college credit for this work. The second committee, the Committee on Admission with Advanced Standing, developed and put the plan to choose a curriculum. A pilot program was run in 1952 which covered eleven disciplines.


title: Reduced affect display

text: Reduced affect is different from apathy and anhedonia (these others mean not having enough or "any" emotion). Reduced affect means not enough or any "expressions" of emotion (affect displays), without mattering whether or not emotions are actually reduced.


title: Advanced Placement Program

text: The College Board, a non-profit organization based in New York City, has run the AP program since 1955. From 1965 to 1989, Harlan Hanson was the director of the Advanced Placement Program. It makes and keeps guidelines for the teaching of higher level courses in various subject areas. In addition, it supports teachers of AP courses and universities. These activities are funded through fees charged to students taking AP Exams.


title: Reduced affect display

text: Constricted or restricted affects mean when one's abilities to express themselves with certain levels of emotional intensity are limited or not done fully.


title: Advanced Placement Program

text: In 2006, over one million students took over two million Advanced Placement examinations. Many high schools in the United States offer AP courses, though the College Board allows any student to take any examination, regardless of participation in the course. Therefore, home-schooled students and students from schools that do not offer AP courses have an equal opportunity to take the examination.


title: Reduced affect display

text: Blunted affect is totally different from flat affects. "Blunted" (in "blunted affects") means people still have affects. These people's responses in emotions, however, are usually not intense or strong like others would normally predict.


title: Advanced Placement Program

text: As of the 2011 testing season, exams cost $87 each, though the cost may reduced for poor students who cannot pay for it. The exam reduction is $22 per exam from College Board plus an additional $8 rebate per fee-reduced exam from the school. There may be further discounts depending on the state. Out of the $87, $8 goes directly to the school to pay for the administration of the test, which some schools will reduce to lower the cost to the student.


title: Advanced Placement Program

text: On April 3, 2008, the College Board announced that four AP courses – French Literature, Latin Literature, Computer Science AB, and Italian Language and Culture – will be gone after the 2008–2009 school year due to no money.


title: Advanced Placement Program

text: Advanced Placement coursework is made to be very hard for average high school students. Most AP courses are sufficient preparation for the AP exams that students can take at the end of the year. If students do well on these exams, they can skip the introductory courses in college.


title: Advanced Placement Program

text: The academic benefit of AP coursework, aside from being able to pass out of college courses with good AP exam scores, is that students get an extra GPA point particularly for that class. An A+ or A in regular US History, for example, will factor in 4.0 GPA points to a student's grade; however, an A+ or A in AP US History would factor in 5.0 GPA points, which would improve that student's grade a lot.


title: Advanced Placement Program

text: AP courses are not required to go to college however, most students who apply to picky colleges and universities like Stanford University and MIT take multiple AP courses in high school. They do this for various purposes:


title: Advanced Placement Program

text: Grading the AP exam takes a long time. The multiple choice part is graded by a computer and the essays are scored by a group of teachers that do not teach at the student's school.


title: Advanced Placement Program

text: Some students who do well on their AP exams may be allowed to skip a few classes in college. Generally, if a student gets a 4 or 5, then their university will award them credit; some colleges will also take a 3.


title: Jim Halpert

text: Jim Halpert is a fictional character in the U.S. version of the television sitcom The Office (U.S. TV series). He is played by actor John Krasinski. His character serves as the intelligent, mild-mannered straight man role to Michael Scott.


title: Michele and Jennifer Steffin

text: Michele Steffin and Jennifer Steffin were born on March 23, 1981 in West Covina, California. They are twins. When they were children, they were actresses. On the television series "Little House on the Prairie" they both played Rose Wilder. It happened in the early 1980s. In 1986 they played Hope Hazard on "North and South" television miniseries.


title: Jim Halpert

text: Jim Halpert's personality is usually sarcastic and he is known for his quick-witted comments. He is 6 foot 3 inches and weighs 180 pounds. He has a relationship with Pam Beesly and eventually got married to her later on in the seasons.


title: Rumba

text: First, it means Cuban event of African style, the rumba genre of Afro-Cuban music. This use of the term 'rumba' is quite different from the Latin ballroom dance.


title: Planned Parenthood v. Casey

text: Planned Parenthood v. Casey, 505 U.S. 833 (1992), was a landmark decision case of the Supreme Court of the United States about abortion. In an opinion, the Court supported the right to have an abortion as given in "Roe v. Wade" (1973).


title: Rumba

text: Second, it refers to one of the Latin ballroom dances. In this sense, the Rumba is the slowest of the five competitive International Latin dances. The Paso doble, the Samba, the Cha-cha-cha and the Jive are the others. This ballroom Rumba was also danced in Cuba to a rhythm they call the "bolero-son". The international style was derived from studies of dance in Cuba in the pre-revolutionary period.


title: Rumba

text: The "Peanut Vendor" was the first recording of Cuban music to become an international hit. It was described on the label as a "rumba", perhaps because the word "son" would not be understood in English. The label stuck, and a 'rumba craze' developed through the 1930s. This kind of rumba was introduced into dance salons in America and Europe in the 1930s, and was characterized by variable tempo, sometimes nearly twice as fast as the modern ballroom Rumba.


title: Rumba

text: The modern style of dancing the Rumba derives from studies made by dance teacher Monsieur Pierre (Pierre Zurcher-Margolle). Pierre, then from London, visited Cuba in 1947, 1951 and 1953 to find out how and what Cubans were dancing at the time.


title: Rumba

text: The international ballroom Rumba is a slower dance of about 120 beats per minute which corresponds, both in music and in dance to what the Cubans of an older generation called the "bolero-son". It is easy to see why, for ease of reference and for marketing, "rumba" is a better name, however inaccurate. It is the same kind of reason that led later on to the use of salsa as an overall term for popular music of Cuban origin.


title: Rumba

text: All social dances in Cuba involve a hip-sway over the standing leg and, though this is hardly noticeable in fast salsa, it is more pronounced in the slow ballroom rumba. Walter Laird put it like this:


title: Rumba

text: In general, steps are kept compact and the dance is danced without any rise and fall. This style is authentic, as is the use of free arms in various figures. The basic figures derive from dance moves observed in Havana in the pre-revolutionary period, and have developed their own life since then. Competition figures are often complex, and this is where competition dance separates from social dance. Details can be obtained from the syllabi of dance teaching organizations and from standard texts.


title: Innocence (Avril Lavigne song)

text: Innocence is a song by written by Avril Lavigne with Evan Taubenfeld, featured on her third studio album The Best Damn Thing.


title: Trophic state index

text: The trophic state index (TSI) is a measure of how much nutrient, such as nitrogen and phosphorus are in a lake, or other body of water. Nutrients increase plant growth, and raise the trophic levels. The TSI can be used to make an estimate of the biological condition of a lake.


title: Trophic state index

text: Carlson's Index is a Trophic State Index. It is used by the United States Environmental Protection Agency. The "trophic state" is the total weight of biomass in a given water body at the time of measurement. The Carlson index uses the algal biomass to classify a lake's trophic status.


title: Trophic state index

text: Three variables are used to work out the Carlson Index: "chlorophyll pigments", "total phosphorus" and "Secchi depth". Chlorophyll is the most accurate measure, as it is the best predictor of biomass. Phosphorus may be better in summer. Secchi depth is the least accurate measure, but it is the cheapest and easiest to use. It measures how clear the water is. This shows how much dissolved and particulate material is in the water. This can be used to work out the biomass.


title: Trophic state index

text: A lake can be put into one of three possible classes: "oligotrophic", "mesotrophic" or "eutrophic". Lakes with extreme trophic indices can also be called "hyperoligotrophic" or "hypereutrophic". Each trophic class has different types of fish and other organisms which live in them. If there is too much algal biomass in a lake or pond, then many fish can die as the decomposing biomass takes the oxygen from the water.


title: Trophic state index

text: Oligotrophic lakes have very little or no aquatic vegetation and the water is clear. They have low levels of nutrients. The water is suitable as drinking water. The bottom waters of such lakes typically have lots of oxygen; thus, such lakes often support many fish species. Lake trout, for example, need cold, oxygen rich water. The oxygen content is likely to be higher in deep lakes, because of their larger amount of dense cold water.


title: Trophic state index

text: Oligotrophic lakes are most common in cold areas. They are often on top of a layer of igneous rocks (especially granitic bedrock).


title: Trophic state index

text: Mesotrophic lakes are lakes with a medium level of productivity. They usually have clear water with beds of submerged aquatic plants and medium levels of nutrients.


title: Trophic state index

text: The term mesotrophic is also applied to terrestrial habitats. Mesotrophic soils have moderate nutrient levels.


title: Trophic state index

text: Eutrophic lakes have large amounts of organisms, including algal blooms. They have a lot of nutrient and can support a lot of


title: Trophic state index

text: aquatic plants and algae. Usually the water body will be dominated either by aquatic plants or algae. When there are a lot of aquatic plants the water tends to be clear. When there is a lot of algae the water tends to be darker. The process of photosynthesis in the algae supplies oxygen to the fish and plants which live these waters. Sometimes an excessive algae bloom will occur. This can kill fish by using all the oxygen in the water. The process of eutrophication can occur naturally and by human impact on the environment.


title: Trophic state index

text: "Eutrophic" comes from the Greek "eutrophos" meaning "well-nourished", from "eu" meaning good and "trephein" meaning "to nourish"


title: Trophic state index

text: Hypereutrophic lakes are very nutrient-rich lakes with frequent large algal blooms and low transparency. Hypereutrophic lakes have a visibility depth of less than three feet. They also have high levels of chlorophyll and phosphorus. The algal blooms can also reduce oxygen levels which can cause dead zones beneath the surface.


title: Trophic state index

text: Both natural and human actions can decide a lake or other water body's Trophic Index. A lake in a nutrient-rich region may be


title: Trophic state index

text: naturally eutrophic. Nutrients carried into water bodies, such as agricultural runoff, residential fertilisers, and sewage will all increase the algal biomass, and can easily cause an oligotrophic lake to become hypereutrophic.


title: Trophic state index

text: Often, different people want different trophic states. For example duck hunters may want a lake to be eutrophic so that it will support large numbers of ducks. Residents, on the other hand, may want the same lake to be oligotrophic, as this is more pleasant for swimming and boating. Natural Resource agencies are generally responsible for managing the different demands and deciding what a lake's trophic index should be.


title: Cynanchum laeve

text: Sand Vine ("Cynanchum laeve") is a species of plant. It is also known as Honeyvine, Honeyvine Milkweed, Bluevine Milkweed, Climbing Milkweed, and Smooth Swallow-wort. It belongs in the subfamily Asclepiadoideae. It is native to North America. It blooms from June to August. This species is found in a variety of habitats such as edges of woodlands, near stream edges, gardens, and fields. This vine can grow to be 6 or more feet long.


title: Thames Valley

text: The Thames Valley Region is a term that is used for the English counties and towns along the course of the River Thames. It includes parts of Wiltshire, Oxfordshire, Buckinghamshire, Berkshire, North Hampshire and West London.


title: Boota Singh

text: Boota Singh (Gurmukhi: ਬੂਟਾ ਸਿੰਘ; Shahmukhi: بوٹا سنگھ), sometimes spelled as Buta Singh, was a Sikh soldier in the British Army. He served in Burma during World War II, under the command of Lord Mountbatten. He is very well known in India and Pakistan. He is famous for his tragic love story with Zainab, a Muslim girl who he rescued from the riots during the partition of India in 1947.


title: OMG Girlz

text: The OMG Girlz is an American girl group. The group was started in 2009 in Atlanta by Tameka "Tiny" Cottle and Kiesha Miles, who were members of the girl group XScape. The members are Zonnique Pullins (Miss Star), Bahja Rodriguez (Miss Beauty), and Breaunna Womack (Miss Babydoll). Reginae, the daughter of Lil' Wayne, was a member until 2010. They are all African American teenagers. They have a quirky image. Their first single "Ain't Nobody" was released in 2010. In 2011 the band were signed to Grand Hustle Records. Their first album, "Officially Miss Guided", has not been released yet.


title: Thames Valley

text: The Thames Valley region is one of the wealthiest regions in the European Union. It has good communications, a well educated work force, is near to London, and has strong local employers.


title: Boota Singh

text: Both fell in love and got married. Later, Zainab was deported (sent back) to Pakistan. Boota illegally entered Pakistan to find her. Zainab stayed away from him due to pressure from her family. Because of this, he killed himself by jumping in front of a moving train near Shahdara railway station in Pakistan. He did this with his daughter, but she survived.


title: Thames Valley

text: In the twentieth century, new industries replaced the old ones. That were primarily information and communications technology and life sciences.


title: Boota Singh

text: The love story of Singh's life has been adapted to movies and books, from both India and Pakistan. A Punjabi movie "Shaheed-e-Mohabbat Boota Singh" (1999) is entirely based on the story. Ishrat Rahmani wrote a book, "Muhabbat", based on the story. The story also influenced many other movies including "Partition", a Hollywood movie from 2007.


title: Thames Valley

text: The Thames Valley region is an important tourist destination in the United Kingdom, both for domestic and international tourists. Some major attractions include:


title: Boota Singh

text: Singh lived in a village of Jalandhar district in British Punjab. When he returned home from fighting in Burma, his youth was over. All his friends were married with their own families, but he was still not married. He found no woman to marry him. Once a trader offered to sell Singh a bride from Uttar Pradesh or Bihar for rupees 2000/-. From this day onward, he started saving all his money for the dowry.


title: Boota Singh

text: His uncle and cousins were wanting him to die unmarried, so that they could inherit his share of the family's land.


title: Boota Singh

text: In his suicide note, Singh expressed his last wish to be buried as a Muslim in Noorpur village near Barki. This is where Zainab's parents had resettled after the Partition. The autopsy of Singh's body was done in a hospital in Lahore. It was taken to the village on 22 February 1957 for burial. However, the villagers did not allow him to be buried there. Instead, Singh was buried at Miani Sahib Graveyard of Lahore.


title: Boota Singh

text: In 1999, Manoj Punj directed a Punjabi feature movie, "Shaheed-e-Mohabbat Boota Singh", entirely based on the life story of Boota Singh. The movie stars Gurdas Maan as Boota Singh and Divya Dutta as Zainab. The music was composed by Amar Haldipur. It was a success internationally. It won the "National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Punjabi" at the 46th National Film Awards. It was also shown at many national and international movie festivals, including the 1999 Vancouver International Film Festival and the International Film Festival of India. Ishrat Rahmani wrote a novel on the love story, titled "Muhabbat". The story also featured in an English book, "Freedom at Midnight", by Larry Collins and Dominique Lapierre.


title: Tamari

text: Tamari is a Japanese soy sauce. It is milder and less salty than regular soy sauce. It has more fermented soy sauce.


title: Stephen Bradley

text: Stephen Reid Bradley (born August 23, 1972 in Richmond, California) is an American musician, songwriter, record producer, photographer, and videographer. He is best known as the trumpet and keyboardist in the band No Doubt. He has toured with acts like Greenday, Smashing Pumpkins, and Steel Pulse.


title: Mansions of the Lord

text: "Mansions of the Lord" is a hymn. The words are written by Randall Wallace. It is set to music by Nick Glennie-Smith. It was originally written for the 2002 movie "We Were Soldiers". The hymn was also used for Ronald Reagan's funeral. It is about mothers and children losing their loved ones, serving in war, in battle.


title: Bishesh Huirem

text: Bishesh Huirem is an Indian transgender actress and model. She belongs to the Meitei ethnicity of Manipur. She is best remembered for representing India at the "Miss International Queen for Transgender" organised in Pattaya, Thailand in the year 2016. She is the first Indian transgender who represents her country in the "Miss International Beauty Queen" Contest. She is the first Indian transgender to be appointed as a state icon for the parliamentary polls in the Lok Sabha elections. She is the first transgender to win the "Best Actor Award" in the 14th Manipur State Film Awards, 2022. "Ang Tamo," "It's Not My Choice" and "Apaiba Leichil" are some of her notable films.


title: Stephen Bradley

text: Bradley was born in Oakland,CA.Growing up in Richmond,CA,Bradley was first exposed to music by his mother Janice,and his Uncle Jerley.She played piano in the house, and encouraged Stephen to practice the Trumpet,when he took it up at age 13.Bradley continued to become more serious about music at El Cerrito High School,playing in the Jazz Ensemble,and the Symphonic Band.


title: Mansions of the Lord

text: To fallen soldiers let us singWhere no rockets fly nor bullets wingOur broken brothers let us bringTo the Mansions of the Lord


title: Bishesh Huirem

text: On 13th September 2016, Bishesh Huirem was allegedly beaten up by the personal security guards and armed personnels of Rural Development Minister "Moirangthem Okendra" in Imphal, Manipur. The incident happened in a road rage at around 10 pm during night. Consequently, Bishesh protested and served an ultimatum to Minister Okendra to apologize for the incident within seven days or face outcomes. However, the officials of the Minister rejected her claim over the incident. According to them, Bishesh was driving “dead drunk” and was even not able to reverse her car which was blocking the minister’s security escorts. Further, the minister's officials said that Bishesh was throwing tantrums claiming she had the right to drive and even attempted to forcibly open the minister’s vehicle's door. In response, Bishesh denied all the claims from the minister's officials as "baseless charges". She denied she was drunk. She clarified that she was not even consuming salt and oil in her diet for her hormone therapy in a preparation for a beauty contest. Shocked by the incident, she was hospitalized. The associations and organizations of various artistes banned all mobile theatres, films and music programmes in the Heirok Assembly Constituency (Minister Okendra's associated Constituency) until and unless he apologized.


title: Stephen Bradley

text: During high school,Bradley performed with fellow high school friends in a band called Private Culture.Modeled after The Police,they played local Bay Area clubs in the late 80's early 90's.On one of these shows, they opened for No Doubt in Berkeley, California.Thats was the first time Bradley was introduced to the band.


title: Mansions of the Lord

text: No more bleeding, no more fightNo prayers pleading through the nightJust divine embrace, Eternal lightIn the Mansions of the Lord


title: Stephen Bradley

text: Bradley would go on to play with another Bay Area band called Dizzybam,which was a funk/rock/rap band from Oakland,CA.Bradley would be re-introduced to No Doubt by Dizzybam bassist and co-founder Kerry James.James and Tony Kanal(No Doubt)were friends, and Kanal reached out to James about finding a trumpet player to fill in for a Bay Area show at The Great American Music Hall(San Francisco).Bradley preformed the show, and was later asked to go on the road with No Doubt to play a leg of the inaugural 'Warped Tour.


title: Mansions of the Lord

text: Where no mothers cry and no children weepWe will stand and guard though the angels sleepAll through the ages safely keepThe Mansions of the Lord


title: Stephen Bradley

text: During the time with No Doubt,Bradley also pursued songwriting, and producing.Teaming up with long time friend and multi-instrumentalist David tweedie,the two created the self-titled album Chocolate O'Brian.That experience led to Bradley branching out as a producer, and songwriter.


title: Stephen Bradley

text: After living exclusively in the bay area,Bradley relocated to Los Angeles to seek more opportunities in the music business.


title: Stephen Bradley

text: He later released an EP called "Runaways',in which he teamed up with fellow songwriter and producer Javan Slagle.Runaways was received well by music critics, and Bradley coincided this with a solo residency at the Skybar in West Hollywood.


title: Stephen Bradley

text: In 2018,Bradley teamed up with Steel Pulse guitarist David Elecciri Jr. to record the reggae/pop album 'United We Stand',under the band name 'Valley of the Kings'.


title: Stephen Bradley

text: In addition to touring with No Doubt,Bradley has toured with Greenday on their Nimrod tour in the early 2000's.He also toured with Smashing Pumpkins for their 20th anniversary tour.


title: Stephen Bradley

text: Bradley toured with Gwen Stefani on her 'Sweet Escape world tour',and is still performing with her currently.


title: Khrushchev's Secret Speech

text: Krushchev's Secret Speech was the speech in which Nikita Krushchev denounced Joseph Stalin after the latter's death. The speech was a spoken report to the Twentieth Party Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union on 25 February 1956. Its title was On the Cult of Personality and Its Consequences.


title: Scion FR-S

text: The Scion FR-s is a sports car developed by Toyota and Subaru. It is built solely. It features a rear wheel drive drivetrain and 2+2 seating.


title: Khrushchev's Secret Speech

text: The report was known as the "Secret Speech" because it was delivered at a closed session of Communist Party delegates, with guests and members of the press excluded. Although the text of the Khrushchev report leaked almost immediately, the official Russian text was published only in 1989 during the glasnost campaign of Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev.


title: Khrushchev's Secret Speech

text: The speech was based on an investigation of the repressions of the delegates of the 1934 XVII Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. They were victims of the Stalinist purges of the 1930s. Estimates of Stalin's role in history were quite changed by the speech. Many in the West who had been Communist Party member, or at least sympathetic fellow-travellers, resigned their memberships and no longer defended the reputation of Stalin. Russian writers like Solzhenitsyn found they were treated with more sympathy. The speech was a significant turning-point in history.


title: Khrushchev's Secret Speech

text: The speech caused such shock to the audience that, according to some reports, some of those present suffered heart attacks, and others later committed suicide. Many Soviet citizens were confused by De-Stalinization. They had been fed on praise of the "genius" of Stalin. This was especially obvious in the Georgian SSR, Stalin's homeland, where rioting ended with the Soviet Red Army crackdown on 9 March 1956.


title: Tyrrhenian Sea

text: The sea touches the borders of these regions: Corsica and Sardinia (west), Tuscany, Lazio, Campania, Basilicata, and Calabria (east), and Sicily (south).


title: Hildegard of Bingen

text: Hildegard of Bingen (born Bemersheim nr. Alzey in about 1098; died 17 September 1179) was a German writer, composer and mystic. She was an abbess who is well known for her literary works and her songs. She also wrote about medical and scientific things, and wrote letters to many important politicians.


title: Hildegard of Bingen

text: Hildegard was born into a noble family. Her parents sent her to a monastery because she was the tenth child of the family. She took the veil (became a nun) at the age of 15. By the time she was 38 she had the title of “mother superior”. She founded (started) a monastery on the Rupertsberg in the Rhine valley near Bingen. Later she founded a daughter house on the other side of the river near Rüdesheim. She travelled a lot and talked to many important people. She later had the title of “abbess”. After she died several popes suggested she should be made a saint, but this never happened. She does, though, have a feast day on September 17, which is celebrated in some parts of Germany.


title: Hildegard of Bingen

text: Known as the "Sybil of the Rhine", Hildegard had many visions, many of which she wrote down.They were mostly about God and his relationship with humans, the church, redemption from God, and creation. She wrote lyrical poetry which was very colourful and had lots of visionary ideas. Her music does not use plainchant like the music of many other medieval composers at the time. It mostly has small patterns of melody which are repeated many times in slightly different ways. Her music was also different because the chants she wrote were written for female voices, in a higher range than earlier chants. This made them easier for women's voices. She wrote a morality play in verse with 82 melodies.


title: Hildegard of Bingen

text: Hildegard of Bingen is the first composer whose life we know about. She may possibly be the first woman to write about female sexuality.


title: V for Vendetta (movie)

text: V for Vendetta is a 2005 drama movie set in London. The main people who are in it include Hugo Weaving as the character V and Natalie Portman as Evey Hammond. It was written by the Wachowski brothers and directed by James McTeigue. It is based on Alan Moore's graphic novel "V for Vendetta". Moore did not like most movies about his work. He asked that his name not appear on it. The movie is set in a dystopian future United Kingdom of the year 2020, which has become a totalitarian fascist dictatorship.


title: V for Vendetta (movie)

text: It started Evey Hammond going out to see a co-worker named Gordon Deitrich. It is past curfew and she will get in trouble if she gets caught. As she walks, she is stopped by three police officers. She is about to be harmed when V, a man who wears a Guy Fawkes mask, comes in and rescues her. He then invites her to a concert. They go up on the roof. V waves around and the "1812 Overture" begins playing. Evey is then shocked to see the Old Bailey be destroyed as V laughs.


title: V for Vendetta (movie)

text: The next day, V enters the British Television Network (BTN). He then forces the people there to play a message. The message goes out to all households. In the tape, V tells them that they are all to blame for the current state of government. The government can tape anyone and arrest anyone and people fear it. He then tells them that he was the one that blew up the Old Bailey and to join him next November 5 if they want to stand up to the government.


title: V for Vendetta (movie)

text: The government, meanwhile, has started to pour troops into the BTN. V fights them off, but is caught. Evey, who has been hiding, taps the man on the shoulder and sprays him with pepper spray, freeing V. Evey is knocked out and wakes up inside V's location. V carried her away because he knew she would be in big trouble for helping him.


title: V for Vendetta (movie)

text: After some time, Evey comes to help V. V wants to kill a priest. She dresses up like a schoolgirl and goes into the priest's office. However, she backs out and tells the priest that V wants to kill him. The priest thinks it's a joke until V bursts in and does so. Evey runs away to Gordon's house. Gordon has his own talk show, and one day he decides to make a big joke. He makes fun of the Chancellor Adam Sutler. In response, Sutler goes into Gordon's house and arrests him.


title: V for Vendetta (movie)

text: Evey tries to escape and is caught. She is then tortured over many days. Men plunge her face into water, throw her in a cell, and shave the hair off her head, but she will not tell them any information about V. Eventually, one of the men tells her that she will be shot behind the barracks if she does not say anything. Evey says she would rather be shot; she does not have any more fear. It is then revealed that V was behind the torture and that he wanted her to have no fear. Evey is angry but soon accepts it. She later leaves but promises to come back before November 5.


title: V for Vendetta (movie)

text: Meanwhile, a Norsefire Party worker named Eric Finch begins to look into the government. He does not trust it anymore. He realizes that V is killing everyone who was at a detention camp called Larkhill. During the movie, V kills the priest, who was at the camp; a general named Lewis Prothero, who is now a talk show host; and Delia Surridge, who was a doctor. He attempts to find out more information about Larkhill. In the movie, we learn that V was a prisoner at Larkhill and blew the place up when he escaped.


title: V for Vendetta (movie)

text: Eventually, V comes to Finch. He is disguised and calls himself Rookwood. He tells them everything that Finch has long thought – that the Norsefire found a plague and decided to infect the people to put them in power.


title: V for Vendetta (movie)

text: As November 5 approaches, the city gets restless. Riots break out. V gives out thousands of Guy Fawkes masks to people for them to wear on November 5. A member of the secret police called the "Fingermen" shoots a young girl wearing one of these masks dead.


title: V for Vendetta (movie)

text: Evey comes back. V then shows her what is going to do. He has loaded explosives into a train that will go underneath the Palace of Westminster. He then gives her the choice whether to pull the trigger or not. He then disappears.