title: Zaporizhzhia

text: Zaporizhzhia (, before 1921 - Oleksandrivsk) is a city in southeastern Ukraine. It is the administrative center of the Zaporizhzhia Oblast. In 2001, 817,900 people lived there.


title: Zaporizhzhia

text: Located on the main waterway of Ukraine - the Dnieper River, at the intersection of transport and communication corridors connecting the south with the capital of Ukraine, western and central regions, Donbass with Kryvyi Rih.


title: Zaporizhzhia

text: Together with the surrounding settlements it forms the Zaporizhzhia agglomeration. It is one of the largest administrative, industrial and cultural centers of southern Ukraine with advanced engineering, ferrous and nonferrous metallurgy, chemical and construction industries, a river port and an important transit railway junction.


title: Zaporizhzhia

text: According to the Consolidated Scheme of District Planning of Ukraine, Zaporizhzhia occupies an important place in the regional settlement system and performs the functions of regional, international and district centers, each of which has its own zone of inter-village service.


title: Zaporizhzhia

text: Thus, in the zone of influence of Zaporizhzhia as a regional center on the territory of 2690 thousand hectares there are 14 cities, 23 urban-type settlements, a significant number of villages and more than 2 million people live. The inter-district settlement system headed by Zaporizhzhia (suburban zone) is characterized by a high level of industrial and economic mastery of the territory, high value of agricultural lands and pago environment. The suburban zone covers Zaporizhzhia, Vilniansk, Orikhiv, Vasylivka and Kamyansko-Dniprovsky administrative districts of Zaporizhzhia region, the total area of which is 760 thousand hectares. There are 5 cities, 6 urban-type settlements and about 300 rural settlements. The total population of the suburban area is approximately 315 thousand people. The peculiarity of the city of Zaporizhzhia is that it concentrates about 65% of the productive capacity of the region and 43% of the population of the region.


title: Zaporizhzhia

text: On June 27, 2014, the decision of the Zaporizhzhia City Council adopted the final report of the working group to clarify the founding date of the city and changed the official founding date. The working group concluded that the city was founded in 952 on the basis of the treatise of the Byzantine Emperor Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus "On the management of the empire", as the first written mention of the settlement on both banks of the Dnieper and the island of Khortytsia.


title: Zaporizhzhia

text: Until March 15, 1921, the city was called Alexandrovsk after the Alexander Fortress, founded in 1770. There is no unequivocal opinion in whose honor the fortress was named. The names of Field Marshal General Alexander Golitsyn and Prince Alexander Vyazemsky are mentioned.


title: Zaporizhzhia

text: The name reminds that before the construction of the Dnieper HPP dam in 1932 at the place where the river crosses the rocky southern edge of the Ukrainian Shield, numerous Dnieper rapids, which hinder navigation, ended.


title: Surat

text: Surat is a city in the State of Gujarat, India. It is on the banks of the Tapti river. Surat used to be a large seaport. It is the eighth largest city in India. According to the 2020 reports on the ‘cleanest cities of India’, Surat ranked second out of 4,242 cities in India.


title: Flevoland

text: Flevoland is one of the provinces of the Netherlands. Lelystad is its capital, but Almere is its biggest city. About 428,000 people are living in Flevoland (2021).


title: European wildcat

text: The wildcat is "Felis silvestris", a member of the small cat sub-family Felinae. It is native to Eurasia. It is so-called because it is almost impossible to tame. However, crossbreeding with domestic cats has occurred throughout almost the whole of the species' range.


title: European wildcat

text: The wildcat shows geographic variation. All subspecies are larger than house cats, with longer legs and more robust bodies. There are about 22 subspecies, or (according to some) only four, including the Chinese mountain cat, which was previously considered a species in its own right.


title: European wildcat

text: The name 'wildcat' is sometimes used as a term for domestic cats which have gone wild in the sense of living rough, without owners.


title: Avar language

text: The Avar language (self-designation "language of the mountains" or Авар мац "Avar language") belongs to the Avar-Andi-Tsez subgroup of the Alarodian Northeast-Caucasian (or Nakh-Dagestani) language family. It is spoken most in the eastern and southern parts of the Russian Caucasus republic of Dagestan, and the Balaken, Zakatala north-west area of Azerbaijan.


title: Kushan Empire

text: The Kushan Empire ( ("Kuṣāṇ Rājavaṃśa"), BHS: "", Parthian: "Kušanxšaθr") was first formed in the early 1st century AD. It was in eastern and northern Afghanistan and the north-west of India established by people of Turkic origin who had earlier migrated from Central Asia.


title: Kushan Empire

text: The Kushan were a branch of the Yuezhi confederation. Previously a nomadic people living in eastern Central Asia, the Yuezhi moved southwest and settled in ancient Bactria.


title: Mesa, Arizona

text: Mesa is a city in Maricopa County, Arizona and part of the Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale Metropolitan Area. It is the 38th largest city in the United States of America. It was settled by members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in January 1878.


title: Carl Reiner

text: Carl Reiner (March 20, 1922 – June 29, 2020) was an American stand-up comedian, actor, director, producer, writer, voice artist, and comedian. He won nine Emmy Awards and one Grammy Award during his career. Reiner's most significant voice role is Sarmoti from "Father of the Pride".


title: Carl Reiner

text: Reiner was born in the Bronx, New York on March 20, 1922, the son of Irving, who was a watchmaker, and Bessie (née Mathias) Reiner. His parents were Jewish immigrants, his father from Romania and his mother from Austria.


title: Carl Reiner

text: He was married to Estelle Reiner (née Lebost, 1914-2008). They had three children together: actor-director Rob Reiner (born 1947), writer Annie Reiner (born 1957) and actor-director Lucas Reiner (born 1960).


title: Carl Reiner

text: Reiner died on June 29, 2020 of natural causes at his home in Beverly Hills, California at the age of 98.


title: José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero

text: Don José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero (; born 4 August 1960 in Valladolid) is a Spanish politician. He was elected for two terms as Prime Minister of Spain. This was in the 2004 and 2008 general elections. On 2 April 2011 he said he would not stand for re-election. His party is the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE).


title: José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero

text: He left the office on 21 December 2011. He was succeeded by Mariano Rajoy. He left the PSOE's Secretary General chair on 4th February 2012 to Alfredo Pérez Rubalcaba. On 9th February he entered the Spanish Council of State.


title: José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero

text: Important actions of his government have included withdrawing Spanish troops from Iraq, legalizing same-sex marriages and negotiating with Basque terrorist group ETA.


title: José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero

text: He studied law at the University of León, graduating in 1982. Rodríguez Zapatero met Sonsoles Espinosa in León in 1981. They married on 27 January 1990 and have two daughters named Laura (born 1993) and Alba (born 1995).


title: Tristan da Cunha

text: Tristan da Cunha is a group of remote volcanic islands in the south Atlantic Ocean and also the main island of that group. Tristan da Cunha is the most remote archipelago (group of islands) and the most remote inhabited archipelago in the world; it is at from the nearest land, South Africa, and from South America.


title: Jean Cocteau

text: Jean Cocteau (Jean Maurice Eugène Clément Cocteau, 5 July 1889 – 11 October 1963) was a French artist, poet, novelist, dramatist, designer, boxing manager, playwright, moviemaker and actor.


title: Tristan da Cunha

text: The territory consists of the main island of Tristan da Cunha itself, which measures about across and has an area of , along with the uninhabited Nightingale Islands and the wildlife reserves of Inaccessible Island and Gough Island.


title: Jean Cocteau

text: Cocteau wrote or worked on 21 stage performances, some of which were ballets, and some were plays. Cocteau's movies, most of which he both wrote and directed, were particularly important in introducing the avant-garde into French cinema and influenced the upcoming French New Wave genre.


title: Tristan da Cunha

text: Tristan da Cunha is part of the British overseas territory of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha. This includes Saint Helena to its north and equatorial Ascension Island even further north. The island has a permanent population of 275 (2009 figures).


title: Jean Cocteau

text: He also worked with Pablo Picasso on several projects and was friends with most of the European art community. In all his creative work, he was a modernist.


title: Tristan da Cunha

text: The islands were first seen in 1506 by Portuguese explorer Tristan da Cunha (), but he did not go to land because rough seas. He gave its name to the principal island of the group () but it was soon changed by to "Tristan da Cunha".


title: Jean Cocteau

text: In 1955, Cocteau was made a member of the "Académie Française" and The Royal Academy of Belgium. During his life Cocteau was made a Commander of the "Légion d'honneur".


title: Tristan da Cunha

text: In 1643 the crew of the Dutch ship "Heemstede" made the first recorded landing. In 1656 Jan van Riebeeck, the governor of Cape Town, sent a ship to the archipelago to see if it was possible to establish a military station but the project was abandoned.


title: Jean Cocteau

text: Cocteau was bisexual. His circle of associates, friends and lovers included Pablo Picasso, Jean Hugo, Jean Marais, Henri Bernstein, Marlene Dietrich, Coco Chanel, Erik Satie, María Félix, Édith Piaf (whom he cast in one of his one-act plays entitled "Le Bel Indifferent" in 1940), and Raymond Radiguet.


title: Tristan da Cunha

text: Tristan da Cunha also discovered in 1506 the Inaccessible Island; its present name was given by French Capt. d'Escheverry (or d'Etchevery). In that same year, the Portuguese Gonçalo Alvarez discovered the Gough Island and named the island after him. It was re-discovered by the British Capt. Charles Gough who also gave its name to the island.


title: Jean Cocteau

text: In the 1930s, Cocteau had an affair with Princess Natalie Paley, the beautiful daughter of a Romanov grand duke. She became pregnant. To Cocteau's distress and Paley's life-long regret, the foetus was aborted. Cocteau's longest-lasting relationships were with the French actors Jean Marais (who played 'tough guy' roles in movies and TV), and Édouard Dermit, whom Cocteau formally adopted. Cocteau cast Marais in four of his movies.


title: Tristan da Cunha

text: The Nightingale Island was discovered by Dutch sailors in 1656 and named it "Gebroocken Eiland". The British Capt. Gamaliel Nightingale, who visited the group in 1760, gave his name to the island.


title: Jean Cocteau

text: Biographer James S. Williams describes Cocteau's politics as "naturally right-leaning". In his diary, Cocteau accused France of disrespect towards Hitler and speculated on the Führer's sexuality. His views became known, and he was arraigned on charges of collaboration after the war. He was cleared of any wrongdoing: it turned out that he had used his contacts to try and save friends from the Nazis.


title: Tristan da Cunha

text: The first study of the archipelago was made by the French frigate "L'Heure du Berger" in 1767. The results of the survey were published by A. Dalrymple in 1781.


title: Jean Cocteau

text: He was involved in Diaghilev's "Ballets Russes" from the first season in Paris, 1909. He wrote scenarios ("librettos") for Fokine's "Le Dieu Blue" in 1912, Massine's "Parade" in 1917 and Nijinska's "Le Train Bleu" in 1924. He also design company posters, and worked for several other ballet companies. He wrote many articles on dance, and made sketches of many in Diaghilev's circle.


title: Tristan da Cunha

text: The first permanent settler was Jonathan Lambert, from Salem, Massachusetts, United States, who came to the islands in December 1810. He declared the islands his property and named them the "Islands of Refreshment". Lambert's rule was short-lived, as he died in 1812.


title: Jean Cocteau

text: In 1940, "Le Bel Indifférent", Cocteau's play written for and starring Édith Piaf, was enormously successful.


title: Tristan da Cunha

text: In 1816 the United Kingdom formally annexed the islands, ruling them from the Cape Colony in South Africa. It was a measure to ensure that the French would be unable to use the islands as a base for a rescue operation to free Napoleon Bonaparte from his prison on Saint Helena. The occupation also prevented the United States from using Tristan da Cunha as a base, as they had during the War of 1812.


title: Jean Cocteau

text: Cocteau directed eleven movies in "avant-gard" style, wrote scripts for six movies and dialogue for three, and directed the photography for one more. Some of his most well-known were "Blood of a Poet" (1930), "Les Parents terribles" (1948), and "Orpheus" (1949).


title: Tristan da Cunha

text: In 1867, Prince Alfred, Duke of Edinburgh and second son of Queen Victoria, visited the islands. The main settlement, Edinburgh of the Seven Seas, was named in honour of his visit. Lewis Carroll's youngest brother, the Rev. Edwin H. Dodgson, served as an Anglican missionary and school teacher in Tristan da Cunha in the 1880s.


title: Jean Cocteau

text: Cocteau wrote extensively. including poetry. All of it is in French, but some is available in translation.


title: Tristan da Cunha

text: On 12 January 1938, the Tristan da Cunha archipelago was made a dependency of Saint Helena. In 1981, the British government changed the status of Saint Helena and the other Crown colonies to "British Dependent Territories".


title: Jean Cocteau

text: Cocteau wrote five novels. The most important of these was probably "Les Enfants terribles" (1929). He also published 23 books or pamphlets of original poetry, and 26 volumes of poetic criticism and collections. He illustrated 12 works of poetry. He made a number of recordings, mostly spoken poems.


title: Tristan da Cunha

text: The 1961 eruption of Queen Mary's Peak forced the evacuation of the entire population via Cape Town to England. The following year a Royal Society expedition went to the islands to assess the damage, and reported that the settlement of Edinburgh of the Seven Seas had been only marginally affected. Most families returned in 1963.


title: Tristan da Cunha

text: In 2009, Saint Helena and its two territories received equal status under a new constitution, and the British Overseas Territory was renamed Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha.


title: Tristan da Cunha

text: The islands of Tristan da Cunha are the peaks of volcanoes associated with the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. At 200,000 years old, the main island is the youngest of the group, while Nightingale is the oldest: 12 million years. Inaccessible and Gough are 3 to 5 million years old.


title: Tristan da Cunha

text: Tristan da Cunha is the name of the archipelago and of the main island of the group; the archipelago consists of the following islands:


title: Tristan da Cunha

text: Inaccessible Island and the Nightingale Islands are located southwest of the main island, while Gough Island is located south-southeast. The main island is quite mountainous; the only flat area is the location of the capital, Edinburgh of the Seven Seas, on the northwest coast. The highest point is a volcano called Queen Mary's Peak ; it is covered by snow in winter. The other islands of the group are uninhabited, except for the weather station on Gough Island, which has been operated by South Africa since 1956 (since 1963 at its present location at Transvaal Bay on the southeast coast), with a staff of six.


title: Tristan da Cunha

text: The climate of the islands is temperate and oceanic, with a mean air temperature at sea level at Tristan of 15 °C (59 °F), with relatively small daily and seasonal variation. On Gough it is a few degrees colder. Rainfall is high: 1700 mm annually at the Tristan Settlement, and 3300 mm at Gough. Strong winds are common. Mean wind speed is about 40 km/h. Wind speed increases strongly with altitude, while temperature decreases. Thus, while the lowlands experience quite pleasant weather, the uplands may be covered in snow or battered by very strong winds.


title: Tristan da Cunha

text: The Köppen climate classification subtype for the climate in Edinburgh of the Seven Seas is Cfb (Marine West Coast Climate).


title: Tristan da Cunha

text: The average temperature for the year in Edinburgh of the Seven Seas, with an elevation of 23 m, is 13.9 °C (57.0 °F). The warmest month, on average, is February with an average temperature of 17.8 °C (64.0 °F). The coolest month on average is August, with an average temperature of 10.6 °C (51.0 °F).


title: Tristan da Cunha

text: The average amount of precipitation for the year in Edinburgh of the Seven Seas is 1612.9 mm. The month with the most precipitation on average is August with 160 mm of precipitation. The month with the least precipitation on average is February with an average of 91.4 mm.


title: Tristan da Cunha

text: The islands have a population of about 275. The only settlement is Edinburgh of the Seven Seas (known locally as "The Settlement of Edinburgh" or, more common, just "The Settlement"). The only religion is Christianity, with denominations of Anglican and Roman Catholic. The current population is thought to have descended from 15 ancestors, eight males and seven females, who arrived on the island at various times between 1816 and 1908. The male founders originated from Scotland, England, The Netherlands, the United States and Italy and share just eight surnames: Glass (Scottish), Green (Dutch), Hagan (Irish), Lavarello (Italian, a typical Ligurian surname), Patterson (Scottish), Repetto (Italian, another typical Ligurian surname), Rogers (English) and Swain (English).


title: Novella

text: A novella is a book shorter than a novel, but longer than a short story. Sometimes it is also called a novellette.


title: Asian black bear

text: The Asian black bear, also called the Asiatic black bear, White-chested bear, Moon bear, or the Himalayan black bear, ("Ursus thibetanus" or "Selenarctos thibetanus") is a medium-sized, sharp-clawed, black-colored bear with a distinctive white or cream "V" marking on its chest.


title: Asian black bear

text: It is a close relative of the American black bear with which it is thought to share a European common ancestor. It is called 반달가슴곰 (bandalgaseumgom) in Korean. Both American and Asiatic species are thought of as sister taxa. They are more closely related to one another than any other species of bear. Asian black bears are omnivores. They feed on fruit, grass, leaves, insects, rodents, rabbits, carrion, nuts, and even deer, buffalo, and wild boar. Their predators are humans, tigers, and brown bears, while leopards, wolves, lynxes, jackals, and dholes are predators of black bear cubs.


title: West Flanders

text: West Flanders (; ; , ) is one of the five provinces of the Flemish Region, also named Flanders, and also is one of the ten provinces of Belgium. It is the westernmost province in Flanders.


title: Ian Fleming

text: Ian Lancaster Fleming (28 May 1908 – 12 August 1964) was a British author and journalist. He was best known for writing the James Bond spy novels. He also wrote the children's book "Chitty Chitty Bang Bang" in 1964.


title: Zealand

text: Zealand (Danish: "Sjælland") is an island in the eastern part of Denmark. It is just west of Sweden and a strait called the Øresund lies between the two. It has an area of 7,031 km² and is the largest island in the country.


title: African Great Lakes

text: The African Great Lakes () are a series of lakes constituting the part of the Rift Valley lakes in and around the East African Rift.


title: West Flanders

text: The whole Belgian North Sea coast, an important tourism destination, lies in West Flanders. A tram line runs the length of the coast, from De Panne on the French border, via the port of Ostend (), to Knokke-Heist on the Dutch frontier.


title: Ian Fleming

text: Fleming was born in London to a wealthy family. He was educated at Eton College. He spent many years working in Britain's Naval Intelligence Division during the Second World War. During this time, Fleming helped with the planning and management of two British intelligence units. This experience along with his work in journalism provided much of the background to the stories in his James Bond novels.


title: Zealand

text: About 2,268,000 people were living in Zealand as of 2016. Most of these people live in and around Copenhagen, the capital of Denmark, which is on the eastern shore of Zealand.


title: West Flanders

text: The province of West Flanders lies in the most densely populated area of Western Europe. It has a population of about 1,209,000 in 2022


title: Ian Fleming

text: Fleming wrote his first James Bond novel, Casino Royale, in 1952. Because of the book's success, Fleming wrote eleven more novels and two collections of short-stories about the British secret agent.


title: West Flanders

text: It borders the North Sea, northern France, Zeeland in the Netherlands, the Flemish province of East Flanders () and the Walloon province of Hainaut () in Belgium. West Flanders is the only Belgian province that borders both France and The Netherlands.


title: Ian Fleming

text: In total, there have been twenty-six films based on Fleming's famous character. The twenty-sixth, "Spectre", was released in October 2015.


title: West Flanders

text: The province has an area of . In terms of area, it is the largest province in the Flemish Region and the fifth largest in Belgium.


title: West Flanders

text: West Flanders has a very flat landscape with polders, except for a row of dunes along the coast and an area with small hills known as the 'Westvlaamse Bergen', with the Kemmelberg (159 m) being the highest point in the province.


title: West Flanders

text: The main rivers in the province are the Leie () and Yser (). The Yser flows into the North Sea at the town of Nieuwpoort and the Leie flows into the Scheldt river.


title: West Flanders

text: In the north of the province, most industry is concentrated in and around the cities of Bruges and Ostend. Both cities also have important seaports: the port of Bruges-Zeebrugge and the port of Ostend. The south is known for its textile industry.


title: West Flanders

text: Tourism is also an important industry in West Flanders. Major touristic attractions include the Belgian coast, the historic centre of Bruges, and places where there were battles around Ypres during World War I.


title: Khadijah bint Khuwaylid

text: Khadijah bint Khuwaylid () (555 - 619) was the first wife of the Muhammad, an Islamic prophet. Her nickname was Khadijah al-Kubra. She was the daughter of Khuwaylid ibn Asad and Fatimah bint Za'idah. Khadijah is widely known as the first person to convert to Islam. Khadijah is known as "Umm-al-mu'minin" which means "the Mother of the Believers"


title: Weasel

text: Weasels are the genus Mustela, part of the Mustelidae family. The genus includes the weasels, polecats, stoats, ferrets and minks.


title: Bob Hoskins

text: Robert William Hoskins (26 October 1942 - 29 April 2014) was a British actor. He was born in Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk and raised in Finsbury Park, London.


title: Weasel

text: Weasels are small, active predators, long and slender with short legs. Their body shape is adapted to going down burrows after prey such as rabbits. There are 17 species, and they live all over the world except for Antarctica and Australasia.


title: Bob Hoskins

text: Hoskins' movies include: "The Long Good Friday", "Mona Lisa" and "Who Framed Roger Rabbit". He won a BAFTA Award and a Golden Globe Award for his role as George in Mona Lisa.


title: Weasel

text: Weasels vary in length from 173 to 217 mm (6.8 to 8.5 in). They have red or brown upper coats, white underneath. Their tails may be from 34 to 52 mm (1.3 to 2.0 in) long.


title: Bob Hoskins

text: He was also awarded a doctorate degree (degree in acting) at the graduation ceremony of Royal Central School of Speech and Drama in London, England.


title: Bob Hoskins

text: On 8 August 2012, Hoskins said he had retired, having being diagnosed with Parkinson's disease in late 2011. He died of pneumonia on the morning of 29 April 2014 in London.


title: UEFA Euro 2020

text: The UEFA European Football Championship 2020 (also known as the UEFA Euro 2020) was the 16th UEFA European Football Championship. It took place between 11 June and 11 July 2021. It was held in 11 cities in 11 different countries. This was done because 2020 was the 60th "birthday" of the UEFA European Football Championship.


title: UEFA Euro 2020

text: Eleven stadiums were used for the tournament. The opening match will be held at the Stadio Olimpico in Italy.


title: UEFA Euro 2020

text: This final was the 28th time England and Italy played each other. The last time they played each other in a UEFA European tournament was in 2012 in the quarter-finals in which Italy defeated England during a penalty shootout.


title: European polecat

text: The European polecat ("Mustela putorius")  is a species of mustelid native to western Eurasia and north Morocco. It is also known as the common polecat, black or forest polecat, European ferret, wild ferret, foumart, fitch, or simply polecat. It is dark brown, with a pale underbelly and a dark mask across the face. Occasionally, there are other color variations, such as albinos. The family it is in also contains minks and other weasels. Compared to them, the polecat has a shorter, more compact body; a more powerfully built skull and teeth; and is less agile. It is well known for its ability to secrete a particularly foul-smelling liquid to mark its territory.


title: European polecat

text: It is much less territorial than other mustelid. Animals of the same sex frequently share home ranges. Like other mustelids, the European polecat is polygamous, with pregnancy occurring after mating, with no induced ovulation. It usually gives birth in early summer to litters consisting of five to ten kits, which become independent at the age of two to three months. The European polecat feeds on small rodents, birds, amphibians and reptiles. It occasionally cripples its prey by piercing its brain with its teeth and stores it, still living, in its burrow for future consumption.


title: European polecat

text: The European polecat originated in Western Europe during the Middle Pleistocene. its closest living relatives are the steppe polecat, the black-footed ferret and the European mink. It can produce fertile offspring with the steppe polecat and the black-footed ferret. Hybrids of polecat and mink tend to be sterile, and are distinguished from their parent species by their larger size and more valuable pelts.


title: European polecat

text: The European polecat is the only ancestor of the ferret, which was domesticated more than 2000 years ago for hunting vermin. The species has otherwise been historically viewed negatively by humans. In the British Isles especially, the polecat was persecuted by gamekeepers, and became synonymous with promiscuity in early English literature. During modern times, the polecat is still scantly represented in popular culture when compared to other rare British mammals, and misunderstandings of its behaviour still persist in some rural areas. , it is classed by the IUCN as Least Concern due to its wide range and large numbers.


title: European polecat

text: As well as the several indigenous names referring to smell (see above), the scientific name "Mustela putorius" is also derived from this species' foul smell. The Latin "putorius" translates to "stench" or "stink" and is the origin of the English word "putrid".


title: Kalevala

text: Kalevala is the Finnish national epic. This means it is a book that is very important to Finnish people.


title: One Hundred Years of Solitude

text: One Hundred Years of Solitude is a book written by Nobel Prize-winning author Gabriel García Márquez. It was published in 1967 and translated to English in 1970. This book is thought to be Marquez's most famous book and one of the best books ever written in the Spanish language.


title: Kalevala

text: Kalevala has many stories and folklores in it. The stories of Kalevala are poems that are very old. Long ago, people sang these poems. The poems have a unique metre that is not known outside Finnic languages. There are many themes in these stories from different times in the past. The oldest themes are from the stone age. Many of the poems are collected from Karelia and areas nearby.


title: Kalevala

text: Heroes have adventures in these stories. The most important heroes are Väinämöinen, Ilmarinen, Lemminkäinen and Kullervo. The enemies of heroes are Louhi and Joukahainen. Many stories in Kalevala are about two countries fighting each other. These countries are the land of Kalevala and land of Pohjola. The Land of Kalevala is the land of Heroes. Pohjola is the land of enemies. Pohjola is an evil and cold place somewhere far north.


title: Kalevala

text: Elias Lönnrot was a man who collected these poems and made a book of them. Kalevala has been translated into many languages. There is also an English Kalevala.


title: University of California, Los Angeles

text: The University of California, Los Angeles, or UCLA, is a university in Los Angeles, California. It was started in 1919. It is often listed among America's best universities.


title: Feyenoord

text: Feyenoord Rotterdam is a Dutch football team from Rotterdam. They play their home matches in the Feijenoord Stadium, also called De Kuip. Feyenoord is created on July 19,1908. Their home uniform is a red and white shirt with black shorts and black socks. Their away colours for the 2007/2008 season are a black, red and white shirt with black shorts and black socks. They play in the Eredivisie, which is the highest football competition in The Netherlands. Everytime Feyenoord scores at home, the song "I Will Survive" by The Hermes House band is played.


title: Baikonur

text: Baikonur (kaz. Baıqonyr/Байқоныр; rus. Байконур) formerly known as Leninsk (also, see Tyuratam), is a city of republic significance in Kazakhstan on the northern bank of the Syr Darya river, rented and administered by the Russian Federation. It was constructed to service the Baikonur Cosmodrome and was officially renamed Baikonur by Russian president Boris Yeltsin on December 20, 1995. During the Soviet period, it was sometimes referred to as Звездоград ("Zvezdograd"), Russian for 'Star City'.


title: University of California, Los Angeles

text: The school was originally a college for teachers, but became a university in 1919, and has been called UCLA since 1927. It was originally in Hollywood, but is now in Westwood. In 1950, it gained independence from the University of California, Berkeley. During the 1960s and 1970s, there were many student protests .


title: University of California, Los Angeles

text: The school has buildings designed by several famous architects, numerous gardens, fountains, and museums. It has academic programs in many fields, including a very famous Film School and medical programs in association with several hospitals.


title: University of California, Los Angeles

text: UCLA has many good sports teams on the Division I level. Their teams, which play in the Pacific-12 Conference, are called the Bruins, or small bears. These teams have won 103 championships. The basketball team plays in Pauley Pavilion and has won 11 championships with players such as Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, Bill Walton and Gail Goodrich. The football team plays in the Rose Bowl stadium, site of the bowl game of the same name. UCLA also has good volleyball and water polo teams, and has sent hundreds of athletes to the Olympic Games. UCLA has a strong rivalry with USC, the other university in Los Angeles, in all sports. There are lesser rivalries with Stanford, Cal and Notre Dame.


title: Spring (device)

text: The metal can be compressed (squeezed). When the compression force is removed, the spring returns to its original length. The metal is usually spring steel, and it is wound tightly. There is lot of varitions with size and type, example some springs have designed for pulling, not pushing. Gas-springs are often used with vehicles tailgate.


title: Spring (device)

text: Simple non-coiled springs were used throughout human history e.g., the bow. In the Bronze Age more advanced spring devices were used, as shown by the spread of tweezers in many cultures. Ctesibius of Alexandria developed a method for making bronze with spring-like characteristics by producing an alloy of bronze with an increased proportion of tin, and then hardening it by hammering after it is cast.


title: Spring (device)

text: Coiled springs appeared early in the 15th century, in door locks. The first spring powered-clocks appeared in that century. They evolved into the first large watches by the 16th century.


title: Spring (device)

text: In 1676 British physicist Robert Hooke discovered the principle behind springs' action, that the force it exerts is proportional to its extension, now called Hooke's law.


title: Princeton, New Jersey

text: Princeton is a community in Mercer County, New Jersey, United States. It is best known as the location of Princeton University, which has been sited in the community since 1756. Although Princeton is a "college town", there are other important institutions in the area, including the Institute for Advanced Study, Educational Testing Service (ETS), Opinion Research Corporation, Siemens Corporate Research, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Sarnoff Corporation, FMC Corporation, The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, Amrep, Church and Dwight, Berlitz International, and Dow Jones & Company.


title: Delphi, Greece

text: Delphi is a town in Greece. It is a World Heritage Site. It has an archaeological site related to the Oracle of Delphi. The Pythian Games were held in Delphi. Among Delphi's art treasures is the Charioteer of Delphi.


title: Cancer (astrology)

text: Cancer is the fourth astrological sign in the Zodiac that represents the constellation of Cancer. The Moon is the patron planet of people which were born from June 22 to July 22.


title: Princeton, New Jersey

text: Princeton is roughly same distance from both New York City and Philadelphia. Since the nineteenth century, it has been connected by rail to both cities by the Princeton Branch rail line to the nearby Princeton Junction Station on Amtrak's Northeast Corridor. Princeton is close to many major highways that serve both cities, and receives some TV and radio broadcasts from each.


title: Princeton, New Jersey

text: The Princeton train station was moved from under Blair Hall to its present location on University Place in 1918. Commuting to New York from Princeton became commonplace after World War II. New Jersey Transit provides shuttle service between the Princeton and Princeton Junction stations; the train is locally called the "Dinky", and has also been known as the "PJ&B" (for "Princeton Junction and Back"). Two train cars, or sometimes just one, are used.


title: Princeton, New Jersey

text: New Jersey's capital is the city of Trenton, but the governor's official residence has been in Princeton since 1945, when Morven in the borough became the first Governor's mansion. It was later replaced by the larger Drumthwacket, a colonial mansion in the township. Morven became a museum property of the New Jersey Historical Society.


title: Adhesive

text: An adhesive is a compound that sticks or bonds two items together. Adhesives may come from either natural or man-made material. Some modern adhesives are extremely strong, and are becoming increasingly important in modern construction and industry. Examples of adhesives include adhesive tape, glue, and sticky-tac. Some adhesives are for temporary use, like sticky-tac or the adhesive on sticky notes. Others are for more permanent bonding of small items like gluing paper or building large pieces of furniture using construction adhesive.


title: Gulf of Carpentaria

text: The Gulf of Carpentaria () is a large, shallow sea surrounded on three sides by northern Australia. Its north edge is the Arafura Sea; the sea between Australia and New Guinea. At its mouth, the Gulf is 590 km wide, and further south, 675 km. The north south distance is more than 700 km. It covers a water area of about 300,000 km². The gulf is between 55 and 66 meters deep, although there are spots as deep as 82 meters. In the last ice age the Gulf would have been dry land.


title: Adhesive

text: The first adhesives were natural gums and other plant resins. Archaeologists have found 6000-year-old ceramic vessels that had broken and been repaired using plant resin.


title: Gulf of Carpentaria

text: The land around the Gulf is generally flat and low-lying. To the west is Arnhem Land, the Top End of the Northern Territory, and Groote Eylandt, the largest island in the Gulf. To the east is the Cape York Peninsula. The area to the south, is a part of Queensland) called the Gulf Country or simply "the Gulf."


title: Adhesive

text: The earliest known use of adhesives was discovered in central Italy when two stone flakes partially covered with birch-bark tar. This is thought to be the oldest discovered human use of adhesives.


title: Gulf of Carpentaria

text: The climate is hot and humid with two seasons per year. The dry season lasts from about April until November and is has very dry southeast to east winds, caused by winter high pressure systems to the south. The wet season lasts from December to March. Most of the year's rainfall is happens in these months, and many low-lying areas are flooded. The Gulf is also a breeding ground for tropical cyclones from November and April.


title: Adhesive

text: In Europe, glue was not used until the 1500–1700s. At this time, cabinet and furniture makers such as Thomas Chippendale and Duncan Phyfe started to use adhesives to hold their products together. In 1690, the first commercial glue plant was established in The Netherlands. This plant produced glues from animal hides. In 1750, the first British glue patent was issued for fish glue. In the 1800s, casein glues were invented and made in German and Swiss factories. In 1876, the first US patent was issued to the Ross brothers for the production of casein glue.


title: Gulf of Carpentaria

text: In September and October the Morning Glory cloud appears in the Southern Gulf. The best place to see this is in the Burketown area shortly after dawn.


title: Adhesive

text: In 1910, a thermoset plastic known as Bakelite phenolic was made. In 1912, phenolic resin was applied to plywood as a coating varnish.


title: Gulf of Carpentaria

text: The first known Europen person to visit the area was the Dutch Willem Janszoon "(whose name is also written as Jansz)" in his 1606 voyage. Jan Carstenszoon (or "Carstensz"), visited in 1623 and named the Gulf after Pieter de Carpentier, who was the Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies. Abel Tasman also explored the coast in 1644. The area was later explored and mapped by Matthew Flinders in 1802 and 1803.


title: Adhesive

text: In 1920s–1940s, there was great advances in the development and production of new plastics and resins because of the First and Second World Wars.


title: Gulf of Carpentaria

text: The first overland expedition to reach the Gulf was the Burke and Wills expedition, led by Robert O'Hara Burke and William John Wills. They left Melbourne in August 1860 and reached the Bynoe River in February 1861.


title: Adhesive

text: Adhesives are usually classified by the method of adhesion. These are then classified into reactive and non-reactive adhesives, which refers to whether the adhesive chemically reacts in order to harden. They can also be classified by whether it is made from natural, or synthetic materials.


title: Adhesive

text: There are two types of adhesives that harden by drying. They are solvent-based adhesives and polymer dispersion adhesives. They are also known as emulsion adhesives. Solvent-based adhesives are a mixture of ingredients (usually polymers) dissolved in a solvent. White glue, contact adhesives and rubber cements are drying adhesives. As the solvent evaporates, the adhesive hardens.


title: Adhesive

text: A polymer based adhesive is a milky white coloured mixture that is based on polyvinyl acetate (PVA). They are used in the woodworking and packaging industries. They are also used with fabrics and in engineered products such as loudspeakers.


title: Adhesive

text: "Pressure-sensitive adhesives" (PSA) stick to materials when pressure is applied. The bond forms because the adhesive is soft enough to flow to the adherend. The bond is very strong because the adhesive is hard enough to resist flow.


title: Adhesive

text: PSAs are made for either permanent or removable applications. Examples of permanent applications include safety label for power equipment, foil tape for HVAC duct work.


title: Adhesive

text: Removable adhesives are made to form a temporary bond, and can be removed after months or years without leaving residue on the adherend. Removable adhesives are used in applications such as surface protection films, masking tapes, bookmark and note papers, barcode labels and price marking labels.


title: Adhesive

text: Contact adhesives are used in strong bonds with high shear-resistance like laminates, such as bonding Formica to a wooden counter, and in footwear. Natural rubber and polychloroprene (Neoprene) are commonly used as contact adhesives.


title: Adhesive

text: Contact adhesives must be applied to both surfaces. It must be allowed some time to dry. Once the surfaces are pushed together, the bond forms very quickly.


title: Adhesive

text: Hot adhesives, are thermoplastics applied in melted form which turns into a solid when it cools to form strong bonds between. Ethylene-vinyl acetate-based hot-melts are mainly used for crafts.


title: Adhesive

text: There are several commercial combinations of multi-component adhesives in use in industry. Some of these combinations are:


title: Shishapangma

text: Shishapangma is a mountain in the Himalayas range, in Tibet, China. It is also known as Gosainthān. It is the 14th highest mountain in the world. The first people to reach the top were Xǔ Jìng and his expedition, in 1964.


title: Radom

text: Radom is a city in Poland in Masovian Voivodeship. About 229,000 people live in the city which covers an area of 111 km².


title: Legion of Honour

text: The Order is the highest decoration in France and is divided into five degrees: Chevalier (Knight), Officier (Officer), Commandeur (Commander), Grand Officier (Grand Officer) and Grand Croix (Grand Cross).


title: Legion of Honour

text: The order's motto is "" ('Honour and Country'), and its seat is the "Palais de la Légion d'Honneur" on the left bank of the River Seine in Paris.


title: 94 (number)

text: Ninety-four is a number. It comes after ninety-three and before ninety-five, and is an even number. It is divisible by 1, 2, 47, and 94.


title: Satrap

text: Satrap was the name given to the governors of the provinces of the ancient Median and Achaemenid (Persian) Empires.


title: Rostov

text: Rostov (Russian: Росто́в; Old Norse: Rostofa) is one of the oldest towns in Russia. It was first mentioned in the year 862 as an already important town. By the 13th century Rostov became the capital of an important area.


title: Barn

text: A barn is a building found on a farm. It is used for holding livestock, such as horses. It can also be used to hold grain or tools.


title: Helen Hunt

text: Helen Elizabeth Hunt (born June 15, 1963) is an American actress. She has won the Emmy, Golden Globe and Academy Awards. She is best known for her role in the television sitcom "Mad About You".


title: Zhe (Cyrillic)

text: Zhe (Ж, ж) is the seventh (eighth in Russian) letter in the Cyrillic alphabet. It sounds like Zh, or the S in treasure or vision.


title: Rostov

text: Now it is an important tourist centre of the so-called Golden Ring. It is located on the shores of Lake Nero in Yaroslavl Oblast. About 35,300 people lived there in 2002.


title: Helen Hunt

text: Hunt has been given many awards in her career. In 1998 she became one of only two actresses (the other is Helen Mirren) to win a Golden Globe Award, an Academy Award and an Emmy Award in the same year. She is the only actress to win four consecutive Emmys and to win four Blockbuster Entertainment Awards.


title: Zhe (Cyrillic)

text: It came from the Glagolitic letter "zhivete". In English, it is transliterated as "zh". In other slavic languages like Ž.


title: Rostov

text: While the official name of the town is Rostov, it is better known to Russians as Rostov Veliky, i.e. "Rostov the Great". This name is used to distinguish it from Rostov on Don, which is now a much larger city. Rostov Yaroslavsky is the official name of its railway station (due to its position in Yaroslavl Oblast), but not of the town itself.


title: Privas

text: Privas is a commune of France, capital (Prefecture) of the Ardèche department of the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in southeastern France. It is the smallest administrative centre of any department in France.


title: Suzuki

text: Suzuki is a Japanese company that makes cars and motorcycles. It had a stake in CAMI Automotive with General Motors. After the discontinuation of Chevrolet Tracker CAMI started producing the Equinox, as well as the Suzuki XL-7 SUV. Suzuki also sold three Daewoo models in the U.S. and Canada, the Kalos, Lacetti and Magnus. Suzuki backed out of the venture in 2010 after the redesigned XL-7 did not match sales demands. In 2012, Suzuki stopped making cars for the American market. It will continue to build and sell ATVs, motorcycles and army vehicles.


title: Zoe Saldaña

text: Zoe Saldana (born 19 June 1978) is an American actress. She has been in many movies. She had her breakthrough roles in "Center Stage" (2000) and "Crossroads" (2002). She was born in Passaic, New Jersey.


title: Privas

text: Today Privas is known for several confectionery made with chestnuts produced in the region, as the "marron glacé".


title: Privas

text: When the department of Ardèche was created on 4 March 1790, the capital was Privas alternating with Annonay, Aubenas, Le Bourg(-Saint-Andéol) and Tournon. In September of that year, Privas became the only capital of the department.


title: Privas

text: The "commune" of Privas is in the central eastern part of the Ardèche department, in the valley of the "Ouvèze" river, a tributary of the Rhône river. The "commune" of Privas is in the centre of a region known as the "Bassin Privadois".


title: Privas

text: The Köppen climate classification type for the climate at Largentière is an "Oceanic climate" (also known as Maritime Temperate climate) and of the subtype "Cfb".


title: Privas

text: With a population of 8,313, Privas has a population density of inhabitants/km. It is the prefecture with fewest people living in it.


title: Privas

text: Privas is the prefecture of the Ardèche department since 1800. It is also the capital of the "arrondissement" of Privas and the administrative centre () of the canton Privas, formed by 15 "communes", including Privas, with 20,402 inhabitants .


title: Privas

text: It is part of the intercommunality "Privas Centre Ardèche", officially named as "Communauté d'agglomération Privas Centre Ardèche".


title: Erie, Pennsylvania

text: Erie is a city in the U.S. State of Pennsylvania. It is named after Lake Erie. As of 2001, 103,717 people lived in Erie.


title: The Economist

text: The Economist is a magazine published each week in England. It was founded in 1843. It currently has about 1.3 million subscribers.


title: Kevin Durant

text: Kevin Wayne Durant (born September 29, 1988 in Washington, D.C., United States) is an American professional Basketball player for the Brooklyn Nets of the NBA. A small forward/shooting guard who is also capable of playing power forward, Durant was the consensus 2007 National College Player of the Year and the 2006–2007 Big 12 Player of the Year. After his freshman season at the University of Texas, Durant opted to enter the 2007 NBA Draft, where he was selected second overall pick by the Seattle SuperSonics. He scored 18 points in his first game. There he went on to win the NBA Rookie of the Year Award after his debut season. In 2007, Durant signed an endorsement contract with Nike.


title: The Economist

text: It was founded in 1843 by Scotsman James Wilson with assistance from the Anti-Corn Law League as a voice against England’s Corn Laws, regulations governing the import and export of grain. Wilson’s son-in-law Walter Bagehot, who served as editor of "The Economist" from 1861 to 1877, expanded the publication’s coverage into politics and strengthened its focus on U.S. affairs. A later admirer of Bagehot's was Woodrow Wilson, president of the United States from 1913 to 1921.


title: Kevin Durant

text: On July 4, 2016, he signed with the Golden State Warriors. He played with the Oklahoma City Thunder from 2007-2016. He signed with the Brooklyn Nets in July 2019.


title: The Economist

text: In 1992 WT Layton was appointed as editor. His editorship was of profound importance to the newspaper, and he was probably the person to whom it owes most thanks for its survival and continued independence."The Economist" is classically liberal and economically liberal. It supports free trade, globalization, and the legalization of same-sex marriage and illegal drugs. It targets highly educated readers, as well as famous people such as Bill Gates, Ronald Reagan, Margaret Thatcher, and Ted Turner.


title: Kevin Durant

text: In March 2020, Durant, including three other Nets' players, tested positive for COVID-19. He was cured of the virus by April.


title: The Economist

text: "The Economist" has a consistent voice, partly because its writers are anonymous. It assumes its readers have a basic understanding of economics. Its articles are often witty.


title: Etiquette

text: Etiquette, one aspect of decorum, is a code that rules how everyone is expected to behave, according to the social conventions and norms, in society, in a social class, or group. It is usually unwritten, but it may be put in written form. Because they are a product of the society's culture and history, the rules of etiquette are very different from time to time, and from one place and social group to another.


title: John Malkovich

text: John Gavin Malkovich (born December 9, 1953) American actor, producer and director. He was nominated for the Academy Award, and he also won an Emmy Award.


title: Antonio Valencia

text: Antonio Valencia (born 4 August 1985) is an Ecuadorian football player. He plays for Manchester United and Ecuador national team.


title: Alfred Dreyfus

text: He was wrongly accused of treason against the French military. This scandal was known as the Dreyfus affair.


title: Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach

text: Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach (8 March 1714 14 December 1788) was a German musician and composer. He was the second of five sons of Johann Sebastian Bach and Maria Barbara Bach. He was said to be one of the greatest harpsichord players of his time. He wrote a book called "Essay on the True Art of Playing Keyboard Instruments" (1755), which was used by Mozart, Haydn and Beethoven.


title: The Daily Telegraph

text: The Daily Telegraph is a British daily morning broadsheet newspaper, which began in 1855. The newspaper was started by Arthur B. Sleigh in June 1855 as the Daily Telegraph and Courier, and since 2004 has been owned by David and Frederick Barclay.


title: Uric acid

text: Uric acid is what reptiles and birds excrete. It is a heterocyclic compound of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen with the formula CHNO. It forms ions and salts known as urates and acid urates. Uric acid is a product of the metabolic breakdown of purine nucleotides.


title: John Malkovich

text: He was in the Robert Zemeckis' movie, "Beowulf". That movie also starred Anthony Hopkins and Angelina Jolie.


title: Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach

text: Bach was born in Weimar on 8 March 1714. His godfather was the composer Georg Philipp Telemann, and he stayed in contact with him throughout his life. He was taught to play music at an early age by his father. His father moved the family to Leipzig in 1723 where he had a position as Kantor at the Thomasschule. After finishing school Bach went to Leipzig University and trained as a lawyer.


title: The Daily Telegraph

text: In January 2008, the "Telegraph" was the highest selling newspaper among British broadsheets and former broadsheets, with selling an average of 842,912 copies each day. This compared to 617,483 for "The Times", 358,844 for "The Guardian", and 215,504 for "The Independent". In August 2010 the paper sold 673,010 copies, against 494,205 for "The Times".


title: Uric acid

text: High blood concentrations of uric acid can lead to gout. The chemical is associated with other medical conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, and the formation of kidney stones (ammonium acid urate).


title: John Malkovich

text: On June 6, 2013 in Toronto, Malkovich rescued a man after he was sliced in the neck. Malkovich helped the man until the paramedics arrived.


title: Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach

text: In 1740 he moved to Berlin to become the harpsichord player for Frederick the Great. Frederick played the flute, and it was Bach's job to provide the keyboard accompaniment. This left him with plenty of time to compose music. Bach married Johanna Maria Dannemann in 1744. They had a number of children, but only three lived to be adults. His son, also named Johann Sebastian Bach, became a painter in Rome, but died at the age of 30. Life in Berlin became difficult for Bach during the Seven Years' War. Frederick was often away and so there was little musical activity in the court. He was paid with paper money which did not keep its value, and so he had to be careful with his spending. There was also criticism of his playing style, it was becoming "affected", too modern for the conservative tastes of Frederick's court.


title: Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach

text: After Telemann died at the end of 1767, Bach was able to replace him as the director of church music for the five churches in Hamburg. His duties included teaching music, and organising about 200 musical performances a year. This position allowed Bach to write church music including 21 settings of the Passion, 70 cantatas, motets and liturgies. He also organised concerts and other performances throughout the year. Bach became ill in the summer of 1788 and died from a chest ailment on 14 December. He was buried in the Church of St. Michael in Hamburg. His grave was forgotten, and only rediscovered in 1925.


title: Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach

text: Bach wrote nearly 200 keyboard works, mainly sonatas while at Berlin. He was able to develop a network of people around Europe who were able to sell printed copies of his pieces which brought in a considerable income. The king however did not regard him as a composer, even though Bach dedicated some of his compositions to him. Bach wrote in 1773 that many of his compositions were simply written as a business to make money. Bach also helped make his father's music more widely known. he arranged the printing and sales of his music. Bach protected his father's original manuscripts, and it is because of this that some of them, including the St. John Passion and the St. Matthew Passion, have survived. Other manuscripts of Johann Sebastian's were given to Wilhelm Friedemann Bach, who sold them and they are now lost.


title: Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach

text: There were other compositions that C. P. E. Bach wrote for himself, to develop his ideas and theories of music. After leaving Berlin and moving to Hamburg in 1768 he began writing music with more emotion, which he described as "Empfindsamer" meaning "sentimental". This was a time of great changes in musical style, from the baroque work of his father, to the classical works of Mozart and Haydn. His music has elements of both, and does not easily fit into the categories that have been created since. Because of this, his music is not played as much in modern times. His father's music has become much more famous, but C. P. E. Bach's music had a greater influence on the composers that came after him.


title: Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach

text: Ragarding the instruments that C.P.E.Bach was using for composing and performing, the majority of them (clavichord and fortepiano) were made by Gottfried Silbermann, at that time a well-known builder of keyboard instruments. In XXI century people have a chance to hear the instruments used by Bach, because the are being recreated by some modern piano builders.


title: Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach

text: Bach wrote his book, the "Essay on the True Art of Playing Keyboard Instruments" in 1755 while in Berlin. This book is important for two reasons. It was the first book to teach players to use their thumbs, which is now standard practice. Secondly it was the first to talk about emotion as being an important part of a performer's skills; as important as technical ability. It is still in use today as the reference book on how to correctly play the ornamentation and how to improvise in the late baroque style. Bach wrote his autobiography in 1773. This shows that where his father was mainly influenced by religion, Bach was influenced by ideas from art and philosophy. He had a collection of 400 paintings of people whose ideas and works he admired.


title: Hansel and Gretel

text: "Hansel and Gretel" () is a fairy tale from Germany. The Brothers Grimm heard it from Dortchen Wild in Cassel and published it in their "Children's and Household Tales" in 1812. The Grimms revised the tale over the years. They gave the children names, changed the mother to a stepmother, and introduced Christian motifs. Their final version is dated 1857. The tale has been adapted to many media, most notably the opera "Hänsel und Gretel" (1893) by Engelbert Humperdinck. A stop-motion animated movie based on the opera was made in the 1950s.


title: Pontoise

text: Pontoise is a commune of the Val-d'Oise department in the northwestern suburbs of Paris, France. It is from the centre of Paris, in the "new town" of Cergy-Pontoise.


title: Clamart

text: Clamart () is a commune in the southwestern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the center of Paris.


title: TSG 1899 Hoffenheim

text: TSG 1899 Hoffenheim is a football club based in Hoffenheim, a suburb of Sinsheim, Baden-Württemberg. They play in the German Bundesliga In the year 2000 they played in the 5th division but in 2008 they promoted to the Bundesliga. It was possible with the financial help of the software mogul Dietmar Hopp, who had played in the club's youth system. The financial help was widely criticized by other clubs, fans and by some in the German press. The most important points were the lack of tradition and the small fan base. Hoffenheim has only 3,300 inhabitants, and Sinsheim, where they play their home games, has only about 35,000 residents.


title: Hansel and Gretel

text: Hansel and Gretel are a young brother and sister who learn their parents intend to abandon them in the forest. Despite their situation, Hansel and Gretel’s spirits remained high.They find their way home by leaving a trail of pebbles. One day, however, their parents succeed. The children wander the forest and come upon a house made of cake and candy. It belongs to an old woman who makes the children prisoners. Although, she intends to eat them, she fails. Gretel outwits her. She pushes the old woman into the oven and slams the door. The two poor kids scaped and lived happily ever after.


title: Grouse

text: Grouse are a group of game birds from the order Galliformes. They are often considered a family Tetraonidae, all though the and many others include grouse in the family Phasianidae. The grouse are henlike terrestrial birds, their plumage is protectively shaded of brown, gray, and red. Entirely hidden by feathers, and also their legs are completely feathered.


title: Council of Chalcedon

text: The Council of Chalcedon was an ecumenical council that took place from October 8 to November 1, 451, at Chalcedon (a city of Bithynia in Asia Minor). Chalcedon is today part of the city of Istanbul on the Asian side of the Bosphorus.


title: State Duma

text: The State Duma () is the Lower House of the Parliament. It is a part of the legislative branch of the government of Russia. The State Duma was first introduced in 1906. It was Russia's first elected parliament. In 1922, it was replaced with the Soviet Parliament. It was re-established in 1993.


title: Council of Chalcedon

text: The most comprehensive confession of the Person of Christ was made at the Council of Chalcedon in 451:


title: State Duma

text: It makes laws, elects the prime minister and supervises the work of the government. It also has the power to remove the President from office. It can also call new elections. The Duma has de jure authority to make and change any laws without being overturned.


title: Council of Chalcedon

text: For many people, these definitions were too dogmatic; The Oriental Orthodox Churches split from the main church (that would later become the Roman Catholic and the Eastern Orthodox Church).


title: Tannin

text: Tannins are also used in the treatment of leather, to make it more durable. Natural tannins for this purpose come from oak trees, but synthetic tannins are more used.


title: Outer Hebrides

text: The Outer Hebrides, often called the Western Isles, make up an island chain off the west coast of Scotland. It is also a parliamentary constituency. The northern island is Lewis and Harris. South of Lewis and Harris is a series of islands, such as South Uist, Benbecula and North Uist. The Outer Herides includes a number of even smaller islands.


title: Carbonated water

text: Carbonated water, also known as soda water, sparkling water, fizzy water, seltzer, and water with gas, is plain water into which carbon dioxide gas has been dissolved. Most soft drinks have carbonated water as a base. The process of dissolving carbon dioxide gas is called carbonation. It results in the formation of carbonic acid.


title: McDonnell Douglas F/A-18 Hornet

text: The United States navy is the biggest user of the hornet. The hornet is currently only used by the United States Marine Corps, but until 2019 the U.S. Navy also had them.


title: Meristem

text: A meristem is a tissue in plants made of dividing cells. They are in parts of the plant where growth can take place.


title: National Fascist Party

text: The National Fascist Party was the ruling party of the Kingdom of Italy from 1922 to 1943. Benito Mussolini founded the party in 1919 and served as its chairman (Italian:"Presidente del Partito Nazionale Fascista") from 1919 to 1943. The party came to power after Mussolini led thousands of Blackshirts on a march in Rome and forced King Victor Emmanuel III to appoint him as Prime Minister. Mussolini then banned all other political parties and established a one-party police state, which lasted until he was thrown out of power by his own citizens and ordered to be arrested by the King in 1943. After Mussolini's arrest, the National Fascist Party was destroyed.


title: Outer Hebrides

text: The isles form part of the Hebrides, and are separated from the Scottish mainland and from the Inner Hebrides by the stormy waters of the Minch, the Little Minch and the Sea of the Hebrides.


title: Carbonated water

text: The process of carbonation can also occur naturally to produce carbonated mineral water. Beer and wine are carbonated by fermentation.


title: McDonnell Douglas F/A-18 Hornet

text: The Blue Angels are the aerobatic team of the USMC. They use the F/A-18. Before the F/A-18 existed, they used the A-4 Skyhawk.


title: Meristem

text: Plant cells which are differentiated generally cannot divide or produce cells of a different type. Therefore, cell division in the meristem is necessary to get new cells. This allows for the growth of tissues and new organs needed by the plant.


title: National Fascist Party

text: However, Mussolini was rescued from prison by German soldiers sent by Adolf Hitler in 1943, and was made the head of state (this time a member of the newly created Republican Fascist Party) of the Italian Social Republic, a puppet state whose real laws were made by the Nazis.


title: Outer Hebrides

text: Formerly the dominant language of the Islands, Scottish Gaelic remains spoken even though it has now been largely supplanted by English in some parts.


title: McDonnell Douglas F/A-18 Hornet

text: The Royal Australian Air force (RAAF) bought 57 F/A-18A and 18 F/A-18B (the b was used for training) in 1981 to replace the old Mirage III. The difference between the RAAF hornet and the US hornet is that the RAAF removed the carrier Capabilities, because Australia doesn't have any aircraft carriers big enough to fit the plane.


title: Meristem

text: Meristematic cells have the same function for plants as stem cells have for animals. They are incompletely or not at all differentiated, and are capable of continued cell division.


title: National Fascist Party

text: Mussolini was killed by Italian citizens in 1945 and the Republican Fascist Party was dissolved and banned after World War 2 ended in 1945 .


title: Outer Hebrides

text: Sea transport is crucial and a variety of ferry services operate between the islands and to mainland Britain.


title: McDonnell Douglas F/A-18 Hornet

text: The hornet can carry a lot of bombs, missiles, rockets and guns. It can also carry pods, pods give the aircraft more options, the Litening targeting pod,for example, lets the pilot see the ground and guide bombs to the target.


title: Meristem

text: The cells are small and protoplasm fills the cell completely. The vacuoles are extremely small. The cytoplasm does not contain plastids (such as chloroplasts, but they are there in rudimentary form ('proplastids'). Meristematic cells are packed closely together without intercellular cavities. The cell wall is a very thin primary cell wall.


title: Outer Hebrides

text: The Western Isles became part of the "Suðreyjar" kingdom of the Norse, who ruled for over 400 years until sovereignty was transferred to Scotland by the Treaty of Perth in 1266. Control of the islands was then held by clan chiefs.


title: Meristem

text: It begins growth of new cells in young seedlings at the tips of roots and shoots (forming buds, among other things). Specifically, an active apical meristem lays down a growing root or shoot behind itself, pushing itself forward. Apical meristems are very small, compared to the cylinder-shaped lateral meristems.


title: Outer Hebrides

text: Most of the islands have a bedrock formed from ancient metamorphic rocks and the climate is mild and oceanic. The Gulf Stream runs nearby. The 15 inhabited islands have a total population of about 26,500 and there are more than 50 substantial uninhabited islands.


title: Meristem

text: These meristems cause secondary growth, or an increase in width. There are two types of secondary meristems:


title: Outer Hebrides

text: Much of the archipelago is a protected habitat including both the islands and the surrounding waters. There are 53 Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) of which the largest are Loch an Duin, North Uist at and North Harris, which is in extent.


title: Outer Hebrides

text: Loch Druidibeg on South Uist is a National Nature Reserve owned and managed by Scottish Natural Heritage. The reserve covers 1,677 hectares across the whole range of local habitats.


title: Outer Hebrides

text: Historical footnote: Many websites of the Outer Hebrides derive content from the Eolas Virtual Hebrides, website. This was once the largest rural website in the world. Eolas went bankrupt in 2000 and the Eolas TV company became MacTV. The web design team became Reefnet and the content has largely found a home on GlobalGuide.Org.


title: Amazon Kindle

text: Amazon Kindle is a machine for reading electronic books (e-books). The Kindle is designed by Lab126, a part of the Amazon.com company. The first Kindles were sold in the United States on November 19, 2007. Six hardware devices, known as "Kindle", "Kindle 2", "Kindle 3", "Kindle 4", "Kindle Touch", and "Kindle Fire" support this platform. There are also software versions of Kindle than can be used on smartphones and computers.


title: Sumbawa

text: Sumbawa is an Indonesian island in the middle of the Lesser Sunda Islands chain. It has Lombok to the west, Flores to the east, and Sumba farther to the southeast. It is in the province of West Nusa Tenggara.


title: Amazon Kindle

text: The hardware Kindles (except for the Kindle Fire) use an electronic paper display and download books and websites over Amazon Whispernet using the Sprint Nextel EVDO network. A Wireless network can also be used. Kindles can be used without a computer, and Whispernet is accessible without any fee. These devices also provide free internet access to Wikipedia.


title: Sumbawa

text: Sumbawa is 15,448 km² (three times the size of Lombok). About 1.5 million people live there. It marks the boundary between the islands to the west, which were influenced by religion and culture spreading from India, and the region to the east that was not so influenced.


title: Amazon Kindle

text: Upon the initial launch of the Kindle, Amazon's Kindle Store had more than 88,000 digital books available for download, with the number of books increasing. Amazon's first offering of Kindle sold out in five and a half hours and the device remained out of stock until late April 2008.


title: Sumbawa

text: Sumbawa is inside the Pacific Ring of Fire. It is a volcanic island, including Mount Tambora (8°14’41”S, 117°59’35”E) which exploded in 1815, the most destructive volcanic eruption in modern history (roughly four times larger than the 1883 eruption of Krakatoa, between Java and Sumatra, in terms of volume of magma ejected). The eruption killed as many as 92,000. It also apparently destroyed a small culture of Southeast Asian affinity, known to archaeologists as the Tamboran kingdom. It launched 100 cubic kilometers of ash into the upper atmosphere, which caused 1816 to be the "year without a summer."


title: Amazon Kindle

text: The Kindle retailed for $399; Amazon subsequently lowered the price to $359. Amazon does not sell the Kindle outside the United States as Whispernet only works in the U.S. Plans for a launch in the UK and other European countries are being delayed by problems with signing up suitable Wi-Fi operators. The CDMA technology in the Kindle does not allow for its use in the UK due to the lack of a CDMA network operator in the UK.


title: Amazon Kindle

text: The internal memory of the Amazon Kindle can hold approximately 200 books without pictures, and the memory is expandable with a memory card.


title: Amazon Kindle

text: A reviewer from CNET expressed concern with the presentation of the device despite its comfortable design. The picture to the left displays a distinctly beige colored device. In point of fact, both Kindle versions are a matte bright white with all button labels and text colored gray. The Kindle 1 is exactly the same color as the Kindle 2 pictured in the upper right-hand corner of this page.


title: Amazon Kindle

text: On February 9, 2009, Amazon announced the Kindle 2, which became available for purchase on February 23, 2009 for the price of $359, and lowered on July 8, 2009 for $299. The new Kindle features improved battery life, 20 percent faster page-refreshing, a text-to-speech option to read the text out loud, and overall thickness reduced from 0.8 to 0.36 inches (9.1 millimetres). The Kindle 2 has 2 GB of internal memory. Amazon estimates that the Kindle 2 will hold about 1500 books. Unlike the original Kindle, Kindle 2 does not have a slot for memory cards. To promote the new Kindle, author Stephen King has made his new book named "UR" only available through Kindle.


title: Amazon Kindle

text: According to an early review by website iFixIt, the new Kindle 2 features a 532 MHz 90 nm processor, 2GB main memory, and 1530 mAh lithium polymer battery.


title: Amazon Kindle

text: The Kindle 3 comes in 2 models. A wi-fi and a 3G. The Wi-Fi can only download books over wireless internet. However the 3G Kindle can download books over Wi-Fi and 3g.


title: Fátima, Portugal

text: Fátima () is a city in Portugal. It is famous for the religious visions that took place there in 1917. The town itself has a population of 10,302 (2001). It is in the municipality of Ourém, in the Centro Region and sub region of Medio Tejo. It is in the district of Santarém and included in the urban agglomeration of Leiria, in central Portugal, south of Porto and north of Lisbon.


title: Rainier III, Prince of Monaco

text: Rainier Louis Henri Maxence Bertrand Grimaldi (31 May 1923 – 6 April 2005), also known as Rainier III, ruled the Principality of Monaco for almost 56 years. He was one of the longest ruling monarchs in European history. His family has ruled Monaco for seven centuries. Prince Rainier was internationally known due to his marriage to the American actress Grace Kelly. He was responsible for reforms to the Constitution of Monaco. He expanded the principality's economy beyond its traditional casino gambling base. Gambling accounts for about three percent of the nation's annual revenue today. When Rainier became prince in 1949, it had accounted for more than ninety-five percent.


title: Hugo (movie)

text: Hugo is a 2011 American 3D adventure drama movie that is based on Brian Selznick's novel "The Invention of Hugo Cabret". The movie is about a boy who lives alone in a Paris railway station and the enigmatic owner of a toy shop there. It was directed by Martin Scorsese, while the screenwriter was John Logan. It is a co-production of Graham King's GK Films and Johnny Depp's Infinitum Nihil. It stars Asa Butterfield, Ben Kingsley, Chloë Grace Moretz, Sacha Baron Cohen, Ray Winstone, Emily Mortimer, and Jude Law.


title: Coccinella septempunctata

text: The seven-spot ladybird ("Coccinella septempunctata") is a colourful beetle. It has red back (wing cases) with seven black spots, black and white head, legs and stomach. As an adult it is 5-8 mm long.


title: A. A. Milne

text: Alan Alexander Milne (; 18 January 1882 – 31 January 1956) was an English author. He was best known for his books about the teddy bear Winnie-the-Pooh and for many poems.


title: Hugo (movie)

text: In 1931, Hugo Cabret, a 12-year-old boy who lives with his father, a widowed, but kind and devoted master clockmaker in Paris. Hugo's father takes him to see movies and loves the movies of Georges Méliès best of all. Hugo's father is burned alive in a museum fire, and Hugo is taken away by his uncle, an alcoholic watchmaker who is responsible for maintaining the clocks in the railway station of Gare Montparnasse. His uncle teaches him to take care of the clocks, then disappears. Hugo lives between the walls of the station, maintaining the clocks, stealing food and working on his father's most ambitious project: repairing a broken automaton – a mechanical man who is supposed to write with a pen. Hugo steals mechanical parts in the station to repair the automaton, but he is caught by a toy store owner who takes away Hugo's blueprints for the automaton. The automaton is missing one part – a heart–shaped key. Convinced that the automaton contains a message from his father, Hugo goes to desperate lengths to fix the machine. He gains the assistance of Isabelle, a girl close to his age and the goddaughter of the toy shop owner. He introduces Isabelle to the movies, which her godfather has never let her see. Isabelle turns out to have the key to the automaton. When they use the key to activate the automaton, it produces a drawing of a movie scene Hugo remembers his father telling him about. They discover that the movie was created by Georges Méliès, Isabelle's godfather, an early – but now neglected and disillusioned – cinema legend, and that the automaton was a beloved creation of his, from his days as a magician. In the end, the children reconnect Georges with his past and with a new generation of cinema aficionados who have come to appreciate his work


title: Coccinella septempunctata

text: "Coccinella septempunctata" is the most common lady beetle in Europe. Because it eats harmful insects, people have imported it to North America.


title: A. A. Milne

text: Milne served in both World Wars, joining the British Army in World War I, and was a captain of the British Home Guard in World War II.


title: A. A. Milne

text: Milne's son, Christopher Robin, served as the inspiration of the character of the same name in his Winnie-the-Pooh books.


title: A. A. Milne

text: Milne retired to the farm after a stroke and brain surgery in 1952 which left him paralyzed. Milne died on 31 January 1956, nearly two weeks after his 74th birthday.


title: Tibeto-Burman languages

text: The Tibeto-Burman family of languages (often considered a sub-group of the Sino-Tibetan language family) is spoken in various central and south Asian countries, including Myanmar (Burma), Tibet, northern Thailand, Vietnam, Laos, parts of central China (Guizhou, Hunan), northern parts of Nepal, north-eastern parts of Bangladesh, Bhutan, western Pakistan (Baltistan), and various regions of India (Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram, Tripura, and both the Ladakh and Kargil regions of Jammu and Kashmir).


title: Succulent plant

text: Succulent plants are plants that have adapted to very dry climates. They have adapted in such a way that they can store water, either in their leaves, stems or roots.


title: Jedi

text: In the fictional "Star Wars" universe, the Jedi or Jedi Knights are members of an old order, who use a power they call The Force.


title: Thalamus

text: The thalamus is a symmetrical structure in the brains of vertebrates. It is between the cerebral cortex and midbrain.


title: Springtail

text: Springtails (Collembola) are six-legged arthropods. They used to be thought of as proto-insects, but now they are not regarded as insects. They do not have wings.


title: Academic art

text: Academic art was an artistic style that was popular from the 17th to the 19th century. Different art schools laid down rules on what a good painting or artwork shouls look like. Academic art was influenced by these rules, and was about applying them when creating a work of art. Academic art is a form of Realism in art. One of the main ideas that influenced academic art was that of Aristotle: A work of art should give a selective, but true copy of a part of reality. This idea was transformed into the concept of mimesis, or imitation. Together with thisidea, there were a number of subjects that were acceptable for painting or sculpture. Very often, the subjects came from mythology


title: West Francia

text: West Francia, also known as the West Frankish Kingdom or Francia Occidentalis, was a short-lived kingdom. It was the lands of the western part of the Carolingian Empire. They came under the control of Charlemagne's grandson, Charles the Bald, as a result of the Treaty of Verdun of 843.


title: Tibeto-Burman languages

text: The subfamily includes approximately 350 languages; Burmese has the most speakers (approximately 32 million). Approximately 8 million Tibetans and related peoples speak one of several related Tibetan dialects or languages.


title: Succulent plant

text: Often, they look different than plants that do not do this. Their leaves may look more fleshy. Almost all cacti are succulents. Not all succulents are cacti. Other plant families with this property are the Agavaceae (Agave family), Azioaceae and Crassulaceae. Other well-known succulents are the Aloe and the bottle tree.


title: Jedi

text: The Jedi use The Force which gives them psychic powers. Their typical weapon is the lightsaber, a sword-like weapon with an energy blade.


title: Thalamus

text: It relays sensory and motor signals to the cerebral cortex, and regulates consciousness, sleep, and alertness.


title: Springtail

text: They live in the soil, and eat fungal hyphae, spores, pollen and other organic material. They need moist soils, and have been known to damage crops.


title: Academic art

text: The École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts in Paris had a lot of influence on the movement. At the time Neoclassicism and Romanticism were the main movements at the school.


title: West Francia

text: The Frankish Empire was the great realm united by Charlemagne that was a large part of Western Europe. It was split after a three-year-long civil war between his grandsons (840-843). Charles the Bald and his half-brother Louis the German went against his brother Lothair I.


title: Jedi

text: The Jedi try to lead a good and virtuous life, serving others. They keep and defend the peace of the galaxy.


title: Thalamus

text: The thalamus sits above the hypothalamus, and below the cerebral cortex. It is a collection of nuclei with various functions. It acts as a relay station, gathering sense information of all kinds (except olfactory) and passes it on to the cerebral cortex.


title: Academic art

text: Well known artists who painted in the academic art style include William-Adolphe Bouguereau, Alexandre Cabanel, Eugene de Blaas, Edward Poynter, Wilhelm Bendz and Alexander Ivanov.


title: West Francia

text: The Carolingian Empire of the Franks founded by their grandfather lasted only one generation through their father Louis the Pious. His realm was split into East Francia, West Francia or the Western Realm, and Middle Francia. The West Frankish Kingdom is the start of both medieval France and modern France.


title: Jedi

text: The opposite of the Jedi are the Sith, who follow the Dark side of the Force (using the force for evil).


title: Thalamus

text: There are action systems for several types of behaviour, including eating, drinking, defecation, and copulation. These behaviours satisfy short-term needs, and are called 'consummatory' behaviours.


title: West Francia

text: In 987 Hugh Capet, Duke of France and Count of Paris, started the Capetian dynasty. The Valois and Bourbon houses ruled France for more than 800 years.


title: Thalamus

text: The thalamus has many functions. First of all, it acts as a relay station, or hub. It relays information between subcortical areas and the cerebral cortex. In particular, every sensory system except smelling has a thalamic nucleus that receives sensory signals and sends them to the related areas in the cortex. For example, for sight, inputs from the retina are sent to the thalamus, which in turn sends them to the visual cortex in the occipital lobe.


title: Thalamus

text: The thalamus is believed to process sensory information as well as to relay it: each of the main sensory relay areas gets strong feedback from the cerebral cortex.


title: Thalamus

text: The thalamus also plays an important role in regulating states of sleep and wakefulness. Thalamic nuclei have strong connections with the cerebral cortex. These circuits are believed to be involved with consciousness. The thalamus plays a major role in regulating arousal, the level of awareness, and activity. Damage to the thalamus can lead to permanent coma.


title: Thalamus

text: The thalamus has a role in the basal ganglia system but this is poorly understood. The thalamus has been thought of as a "relay" that just forwards signals to the cerebral cortex. But research suggests that thalamus is more selective. Many different functions are linked to regions of the thalamus. This is the case for most sensory systems (except the olfactory system), such as the auditory, somatic sensory system, visceral, eating and visual systems. There specific lesions cause specific sensory deficits. A big role of the thalamus is to support the motor and language systems. Much of the circuitry for these systems is shared with the thalamus. The thalamus is "functionally connected" to the hippocampus. This is part of the hippocampal system which is crucial for human episodic event memory.


title: Thalamus

text: The information for motor control is a network involving the thalamus as a subcortical motor center. In the brains of primates, the thalamus provides the specific channels from the basal ganglia and cerebellum to the cortical motor areas. In an investigation of the eye movement motor response in three monkeys, the thalamic regions were found to cause antisaccade eye-movement. That is the ability to inhibit the reflexive jerking movement of the eyes in the direction of a presented stimulus. They still look in the direction of the stimulus, but do so in a more controlled manner.


title: Thalamus

text: Recent research suggests that the mediodorsal (MD) thalamus may "amplify the connectivity (signaling strength) of just the circuits in the cortex needed for the current context. This helps the flexibility (of the mammalian brain) to make complex decisions by wiring the many associations on which decisions depend into weakly connected cortical circuits". Researchers founds that "enhancing MD activity magnified the ability of mice to "think". This lowered by more than 25 percent their error rate in deciding which conflicting sensory stimuli to follow to find the reward".


title: Thalamus

text: In short, the thalamus helps to make mammals more effective at making decisions and living in their natural environment.


title: Thalamus

text: The thalamus is a key area which is involved in what is known as the "half-second delay". This is a perceptual illusion which has only recently been discovered. The discovery is as follows: we perceive events in the world as instantaneous. They happen when we see (hear, sense) them happening. But the processing of visual signals at least is what the thalamus does. Experientially, we see events happening (so we think) without any delay. But in reality "it takes half a second for the brain to organise the data" which comes in from, let us say, vision. But we do not sense that half-second delay at all. Our perception of events is that we see them as they happen.


title: Thalamus

text: All this applies to consciousness and conscious behaviour. Automatic responses to sudden pain happen instantaneously (bare foot on a pin for example). But they are consciously perceived later.


title: Chaetognatha

text: Chaetognatha, commonly known as arrow worms, are a phylum of small predatory marine animals. They are present in huge numbers in plankton worldwide.


title: Bank of America

text: Bank of America is a multinational bank group. Its headquarters is in Charlotte, North Carolina. The company has 5,600 branches in over 150 countries. It is the fifth largest company in the United States. It is one of the "Big Four" Banks in the United States. It manages about 10.73% of all money put into banks. It directly competes with other big banks, like as JPMorgan Chase, Citigroup, and Wells Fargo.


title: Chaetognatha

text: About 20% of the known species are benthic and can attach to algae or rocks. They are found in all marine waters from surface tropical waters and shallow tide pools to the deep sea and polar regions. Most chaetognaths are transparent and are torpedo shaped, but some deep-sea species are orange. They range in size from .


title: Bank of America

text: Bank of America was created in October 17, 1904. However, it was not called Bank of America yet. It was called Bank of Italy. Bank of Italy was created by Amadeo Pietro Giannini in San Francisco. A different bank, which was called Bank of America, was created in 1922, in Los Angeles. In 1928, the two banks merged with other banks, and created another bank, also called Bank of Italy. In November 3, 1930, the bank's name was changed into Bank of America National Trust and Savings Association. Afterwards, they merged with many more banks (such as Banca d'America e d'Italia, Bancitaly Corporation, and many more banks).


title: Chaetognatha

text: Despite the huge numbers, there are only about 120 modern species in 20 genera. Some species are known to use the neurotoxin "tetrodotoxin" to subdue their prey.


title: Chaetognatha

text: Chaetognaths appear to have originated in the Cambrian Period. Complete body fossils have been described from China, and the Middle Cambrian Burgess Shale of British Columbia.


title: Bernadette Soubirous

text: Bernadette Soubirous (7 January 1844 – 16 April 1879) was a young girl who had religious visions at Lourdes, France. During 1858 she said she saw the Virgin Mary 18 times. The Roman Catholic Church later made her a saint, and Lourdes has become one of the most visited places for pilgrims.


title: Def Leppard

text: Def Leppard are an English rock band. They formed in Sheffield, England in 1976. Its founding members include: lead singer Joe Elliot, bassist Rick Savage, guitarist Pete Willis, and drummer Tony Kenning. When Kenning left the band in 1978, Frank Noon played the drums. The same year, Def Leppard made their first extended play, named "The Def Leppard E.P". Frank Noon was replaced by drummer Rick Allen, and guitarist Steve Clark joined the band shortly after. The band was a part of the new wave of British heavy metal in the 1970s and 1980s.


title: Diorite

text: Diorite ( ) is an melted rock that has cooled made mostly of the silicate minerals (materials made of silicon and oxygen). Diorite is in between that of basalt and granite. Diorite is usually grey to dark-grey in color, but it can also be black or bluish-grey, and often has a greenish cast. It is distinguished from gabbro (basalt) because the materials in diorite has more sodium and less calcium. Diorite may have small amounts of quartz, , and olivine. Tiny amounts of may also be found. If there is a lot of quartz it makes the rock type "quartz-diorite" (>5% quartz) or tonalite (>20% quartz).


title: Def Leppard

text: Their first album, "On Through the Night" (1980), was a hit in many parts of England. In April 1980, Def Leppard signed with Leber-Krebs management. Later in 1980, they went on their first U.S. tour with Ted Nugent, AC/DC, and Judas Priest. In 1981 the band released their second album, "High ‘n’ Dry". After the album came out, MTV broadcasted Def Leppard for the first time. MTV showed their hit song “Bringin’ on the Heartbreak.”


title: Diorite

text: Diorites may be associated with either granite or basalt intrusions, into which they may merge. Diorite results from the partial melting of a rock above the area where two tectonic plates merge under each other. It is commonly produced in volcanic arcs, and in cordilleran mountain building, such as in the Andes Mountains, as large batholiths. The extrusive volcanic equivalent rock type is andesite.


title: Def Leppard

text: In 1982, Pete Willis was replaced by Phil Collen. The same year, the band started recording their third album with producer Mutt Lange. In 1983, their third album, "Pyromania," was released. The single “Photograph” was also released, and the album sold 100,000 copies in a week. In 1984, drummer Rick Allen lost an arm due to a car accident. He started to play with an electronic drum kit, and taught himself how to play the drums with one arm. In 1986, Rick Allen played music with the band for the first time since his accident.


title: Diorite

text: Diorite is a relatively rare rock; source localities include Leicestershire (one name for microdiorite—markfieldite—exists due to the rock's being found in the village of Markfield) and Aberdeenshire, UK; Guernsey; Sondrio, Italy; Thuringia and Saxony in Germany; Finland; Romania; Northeastern Turkey; central Sweden; the Darrans range of New Zealand; the Andes Mountains.


title: Def Leppard

text: In 1987, the band’s fourth album, "Hysteria", was released. The album had 12 singles, and sold 16 million copies.


title: Def Leppard

text: In 1991, guitarist Steve Clark died. He died because of a mixture of alcohol and painkillers. In 1992, Vivian Campbell joined the band. Vivian Campbell was the guitarist for Dio and Whitesnake. That year, the band released "Adrenalize". This album was number one on the "Billboard" 200 music chart for five weeks, and sold six million copies.


title: Def Leppard

text: In 1993, the song “Two Steps Behind” was used for the end credits of the movie "Last Action Hero". The same year, the compilation album "Retro Active" was released. In 1995, "Vault" was released. It is an album of all of Def Leppard’s best selling songs. "Vault" went to number two on music charts in New Zealand. In 1996, the album "Slang" was released.


title: Def Leppard

text: VH1 made a “Behind the Music” episode on Def Leppard. Other TV exposure followed, such as “Storytellers”, and “Ultimate Albums.” In 1999, the album "Euphoria" was released. In 2000, the band is put on the Hollywood RockWalk, a hall of fame for rock musicians in Los Angeles.


title: Def Leppard

text: In 2001, the band released their first DVDs, “In the Round, In your Face” and “Historia”. The same year, VH1 broadcasts the movie “Hysteria: The Def Leppard Story.”


title: Def Leppard

text: In 2002, the album "X" was released. In 2005, the album and DVD “Rock of Ages” is released. In 2006, Def Leppard releases their covers album named "Yeah!". In 2008, the band’s twelfth album, "Songs from the Sparkle Lounge," was released. The band was put into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2019.


title: Marshmallow

text: A marshmallow is a candy that is made of sugar or corn syrup, water, and gelatin, that has been pre-softened in hot water, dextrose, and flavorings, whipped to a spongy consistency. Marshmallows are used in several types of candies, on foods, and on some drinks such as hot chocolate.


title: Amorphous solid

text: An amorphous solid does not have a definite geometric or crystalline shape. It is a solid in which there is no long-term order in the positions of the atoms. Most classes of solid materials can be found or prepared in an amorphous form. For instance, common window glass is an amorphous ceramic, many polymers are amorphous, and even foods such as cotton candy and cotton are amorphous solids.


title: The Day After Tomorrow

text: The Day After Tomorrow is a 2004 American/Canadian science fiction disaster movie. It was produced and directed by Roland Emmerich. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox. It was released in Mexico City on May 17, 2004, and worldwide from May 26 to May 28.


title: Enoch

text: Enoch is a figure in the Bible. He appears in the Book of Genesis chapter 5, where he is described as the son of Jared and the father of Methuselah. It is also said there that Enoch 'walked with God' (verse 22).


title: Danny Glover

text: Danny Lebern Glover (born July 22, 1946) is an American actor, director and activist. He was born in San Francisco, California. Glover made his big screen debut in the 1979 movie Escape from Alcatraz. Glover won an MTV Movie Award in 1993 for Best On-Screen Duo in the movie Lethal Weapon 3 which he shared with Mel Gibson.


title: Marshmallow

text: The weight of a single portion of marshmallows is about (four large marshmallows or a half cup of mini marshmallows)


title: Amorphous solid

text: An amorphous solid is any noncrystalline solid in which the atoms and molecules are not organized in a definite lattice pattern. Such solids include glass, plastic, and gel.


title: The Day After Tomorrow

text: The movie follows a series of severe weather events that take place around the world as a result of global warming. Among these events:


title: Amorphous solid

text: Solids and liquids are both forms of condensed matter; both are composed of atoms in close proximity to each other. But their properties are, of course, enormously different. While a solid material has both a well-defined volume and a well-defined shape, a liquid has a well-defined volume but a shape that depends on the shape of the container. Stated differently, a solid exhibits resistance to shear stress while a liquid does not. Externally applied forces can twist or bend or distort a solid’s shape, but (provided the forces have not exceeded the solid’s elastic limit) it “springs back” to its original shape when the forces are removed. A liquid flows under the action of an external force; it does not hold its shape. These macroscopic characteristics constitute the essential distinctions: a liquid flows, lacks a definite shape (though its volume is definite), and cannot withstand a shear stress; a solid does not flow, has a definite shape, and exhibits elastic stiffness against shear stress.


title: The Day After Tomorrow

text: The movie made $186,740,799 in North America and Canada, and $542,771,772 worldwide. It was inspired by the book "The Coming Global Superstorm", co-authored by Art Bell and Whitley Strieber.


title: Sorting algorithm

text: A sorting algorithm is an algorithm that puts the elements of a collection into a certain order. Most commonly, numbers are sorted by their value, and words are sorted by their lexicographic order (as they would appear in a dictionary or phone book). Efficient sorting is important for other things: finding an element in a sorted collection is easier, and merging a new element may also be easier if the collection is sorted.


title: Molde FK

text: Molde FK is a football club from Norway. It was formed in 1911. They have won the Norwegian FA Cup two times.


title: Carbon tetrachloride

text: Carbon tetrachloride, also known as carbon tet or Freon 10, is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is CCl. It contains carbon in its +4 oxidation state and chloride ions.


title: Linear B

text: Linear B is an ancient script, used to write Mycenaean Greek, as the oldest known form of Ancient Greek. This was proved by Michael Ventris in the early 1950s. Linear B came before the Greek alphabet by several centuries.


title: Leighton Meester

text: Leighton Marissa Meester (born April 9, 1986 in Fort Worth, Texas, U.S.) is an American actress, singer, composer, songwriter and model.