title: Boudica

text: First, the Romans stood their ground and used volleys of "pila" (heavy javelins) to kill thousands of Britons who rushed toward the Roman lines. The Roman soldiers engaged Boudica's second wave in the open. As the Romans advanced in a wedge formation, the Britons attempted to flee, but were impeded by the presence of their own families. They had put their people in wagons at the edge of the battlefield, and were slaughtered.


title: Boudica

text: Tacitus reports that "according to one report almost eighty thousand Britons fell" compared with only four hundred Romans. Boudica fled, and her time and place of death is not known.


title: Boudica

text: The Prefect Postumus, on hearing of the Roman victory, fell on his sword. Fearing Suetonius' actions would provoke further rebellion, Nero replaced the governor with the more conciliatory Publius Petronius Turpilianus. The historian  Gaius Suetonius Tranquillus tells us the crisis had almost persuaded Nero to abandon Britain.


title: Louis Vuitton

text: Louis Vuitton is a French fashion house formed in 1854 by Louis Vuitton. It sells shoes, watches, jewellery, accessories, sunglasses and books. It sells its products in boutiques. The products are still made by hand. In 1867, the company participated in the universal exhibition in Paris. To protect the duplication of his look, he changed the Trianon design to a beige and brown in 1876. The company opened its first store in London, England on Oxford Street. In 1959 he created purses, bags and wallets. In 1977, the company had an annual income of 70 million francs.


title: A Brief History of Time

text: A Brief History of Time (1988) is a book written by the scientist and mathematician Stephen Hawking. The subject of the book is cosmology, the story of the universe.


title: A Brief History of Time

text: There are two other versions of this book: The "Illustrated A Brief History of Time" and "A Briefer History of Time". The Illustrated A Brief History of Time has pictures to help explain its ideas. It was also updated because new information was found. A Briefer History of Time is shorter than the first version and was also updated.


title: A Brief History of Time

text: This book is very popular and well-known. This book was on the "London Sunday Times" bestseller list for over 4 years.


title: A Brief History of Time

text: In this book, Hawking talks about many theories in physics. Some of the things that he talks about are the history of physics, gravity, how light moves in the universe, space-time, elementary particles (very small objects that make up things in the universe), black holes, the Big Bang (the theory that the universe started from one point), and time travel (the idea that travel can be done to the past and to the future.)


title: A Brief History of Time

text: In the first part of the book, Hawking talks about the history of physics. He talks about the ideas of philosophers such as Aristotle and Ptolemy. Aristotle, unlike many other people of his time, thought that the Earth was round. He also thought that the sun and stars went around the Earth. Ptolemy also thought about how the sun and stars were located in the universe. He made a planetary model that described Aristotle's thinking. Today, it is known that the opposite is true; the earth goes around the sun. The Aristotle/Ptolemy ideas about the position of the stars and sun was disproved in 1609. The person who first thought of the idea about the Earth going around the sun was Nicholas Copernicus. Galileo Galilei and Johannes Kepler, two other scientists, helped to prove that Copernicus's idea was right. They looked at how the moons of some planets moved in the sky, and they used this to prove Copernicus right. Isaac Newton also wrote a book about gravity, which helped to prove Copernicus's idea right.


title: A Brief History of Time

text: Hawking describes the motion of planets moving around the sun and how gravity works between the planets and the sun. He also talks about the ideas of absolute rest and absolute position. These ideas are about the thought that events stay in place over a period of time. This was found not to be true by Newton's laws of gravity. The idea of "absolute rest" did not work when objects move very fast (at the speed of light, or light speed).


title: A Brief History of Time

text: The speed of light was first measured in 1676 by the Danish astronomer Ole Christensen Roemer. The speed of light was found to be very fast, but at a finite speed. However, scientists found a problem when they tried to say that light always travelled at the same speed. The scientists created a new idea, called the "ether", which tried to explain light's speed.


title: A Brief History of Time

text: Albert Einstein said the idea of the ether was not needed if another idea, the idea of "absolute time" (or time that is always the same) was dropped. Einstein's idea was also the same as Henry Poincare's idea. Einstein's idea is called the theory of relativity.


title: A Brief History of Time

text: Hawking also talks about light. He says that events can be described by "light cones". The top of the light cone tells where the light from the event will travel. The bottom tells where the light was in the past. The center of the light cone is the event. Besides light cones, Hawking also talks about how light can bend. When light goes past a big mass, like a star, the light changes direction slightly towards the mass.


title: A Brief History of Time

text: After talking about light, Hawking talks about time in Einstein's theory of relativity. One prediction that Einstein's theory makes is that time will go by slower when something is near huge masses. However, when something is farther away from the mass, time will go by faster. Hawking used the idea of two twins living at different places to describe his idea. If one of the twins went to live on a mountain, and another twin went to live near the sea, the twin who went to live on the mountain would be a little bit older than the twin who went to live at the sea.


title: A Brief History of Time

text: Hawking talks about the expanding universe. The universe is getting bigger over time. One of the things he uses to explain his idea is the "Doppler shift". The Doppler shift happens when something moves toward or away from another object. There are two types of things that happen in Doppler shift - "red shifting" and "blue shifting". Red shifting happens when something is moving away from us. This is caused by the wavelength of the visible light reaching us increasing, and the frequency decreasing, which shifts the visible light towards the red/infra-red end of the electromagnetic spectrum. Red-shift is linked to the belief that the universe is expanding as the wavelength of the light is increasing, almost as if stretched as planets and galaxies move away from us, which shares similarities to that of the Doppler effect, involving sound waves. Blue shifting happens when something is moving toward us, the opposite process of red-shift, in which the wavelength decreases and frequency increases, shifting the light towards the blue end of the spectrum. A scientist named Edwin Hubble found that many stars are red shifted and are moving away from us. Hawking uses the Doppler shift to explain that the universe is getting bigger. The beginning of the universe is thought to have happened through something called the "Big Bang". The Big Bang was a very big explosion that created the universe.


title: A Brief History of Time

text: The uncertainty principle says that the speed and the position of a particle cannot be found at the same time. To find where a particle is, scientists shine light at the particle. If a high frequency light is used, the light can find the position more accurately but the particle's speed will be unknown (because the light will change the speed of the particle). If a lower frequency light is used, the light can find the speed more accurately but the particle's position will be unknown. The uncertainty principle disproved the idea of a theory that was deterministic, or something that would predict everything in the future.


title: A Brief History of Time

text: How light behaves is also talked more about in this chapter. Some theories say that light acts like particles even though it really is made of waves; one theory that says this is Planck's quantum hypothesis. A different theory also says that light waves also act like particles; a theory that says this is Heisenberg's uncertainty principle.


title: A Brief History of Time

text: Light waves have "crests" and "troughs". The highest point of a wave is the crest, and the lowest part of the wave is a trough. Sometimes more than one of these waves can interfere with each other - the crests and the troughs line up. This is called "light interference". When light waves interfere with each other, this can make many colors. An example of this is the colors in soap bubbles.


title: A Brief History of Time

text: Quarks are very small things that make up everything we see (matter). There are six different "flavors" of quarks: the up quark, down quark, strange quark, charmed quark, bottom quark, and top quark. Quarks also have three "colors": red, green, and blue. There are also anti-quarks, which are the opposite of the regular quarks. In total, there are 18 different types of regular quarks, and 18 different types of anti quarks. Quarks are known as the "building blocks of matter" because they are the smallest thing that make up all the matter in the universe.


title: A Brief History of Time

text: All elementary particles (for example, the quarks) have something called "spin". The "spin" of a particle shows us what a particle looks like from different directions. For example, a particle of spin 0 looks the same from every direction. A particle of spin 1 looks different in every direction, unless the particle is spun completely around (360 degrees). Hawking's example of a particle of spin 1 is an arrow. A particle of spin two needs to be turned around halfway (or 180 degrees) to look the same. The example given in the book is of a double-headed arrow. There are two groups of particles in the universe: particles with a spin of 1/2, and particles with a spin of 0, 1, or 2. All of these particles follow "Pauli's exclusion principle". Pauli's exclusion principle says that particles cannot be in the same place or have the same speed. If Pauli's exclusion principle did not exist, then everything in the universe would look the same, like a roughly uniform and dense "soup".


title: A Brief History of Time

text: Particles with a spin of 0, 1, or 2 move force from one particle to another. Some examples of these particles are "virtual gravitons" and "virtual photons". Virtual gravitons have a spin of 2 and they represent the force of gravity. This means that when gravity affects two things, gravitons move to and from the two things. Virtual photons have a spin of 1 and represent electromagnetic forces (or the force that holds atoms together).


title: A Brief History of Time

text: Besides the force of gravity and the electromagnetic forces, there are weak and strong nuclear forces. "Weak nuclear forces" are the forces that cause radioactivity, or when matter emits energy. Weak nuclear force works on particles with a spin of 1/2. "Strong nuclear forces" are the forces that keep the quarks in a neutron and a proton together, and keeps the protons and neutrons together in an atom. The particle that carries the strong nuclear force is thought to be a gluon. The gluon is a particle with a spin of 1. The gluon holds together quarks to form protons and neutrons. However, the gluon only holds together quarks that are three different colors. This makes the end product have no color. This is called "confinement".


title: A Brief History of Time

text: Some scientists have tried to make a theory that combines the electromagnetic force, the weak nuclear force, and the strong nuclear force. This theory is called a "grand unified theory" (or a GUT). This theory tries to explain these forces in one big unified way or theory.


title: A Brief History of Time

text: Black holes are stars that have collapsed into one very small point. This small point is called a "singularity".This singularity is a point of space-time which rotates at a high speed.That is the reason that black holes have no time. Black holes suck things into their center because its gravity is very strong. Some of the things it can suck in are light and stars. Only very large stars, called "super-giants", are big enough to become a black hole. The star must be one and a half times the mass of the sun or larger to turn into a black hole. This number is called the "Chandrasekhar limit". If the mass of a star is less than the Chandrasekhar limit, it will not turn into a black hole; instead, it will turn into a different, smaller type of star. The boundary of the black hole is called the "event horizon". If something is in the event horizon, it will never get out of the black hole.


title: A Brief History of Time

text: Black holes can be shaped differently. Some black holes are perfectly spherical - like a ball. Other black holes bulge in the middle. Black holes will be spherical if they do not rotate. Black holes will bulge in the middle if they rotate.


title: A Brief History of Time

text: Black holes are difficult to find because they do not let out any light. They can be found when black holes suck in other stars. When black holes suck in other stars, the black hole lets out X-rays, which can be seen by telescopes. Hawking talks about his bet with another scientist, Kip Thorne. Hawking bet that black holes did not exist, because he did not want his work on black holes to be wasted. He lost the bet.


title: A Brief History of Time

text: Hawking realized that the event horizon of a black hole could only get bigger, not smaller. The area of the event horizon of a black hole gets bigger whenever something falls into the black hole. He also realized that when two black holes combine, the size of the new event horizon is greater than or equal to the sum of the event horizons of the two other black holes. This means that a black hole's event horizon can never get smaller.


title: A Brief History of Time

text: Disorder, also known as "entropy", is related to black holes. There is a scientific law that has to do with entropy. This law is called the "second law of thermodynamics", and it says that entropy (or disorder) will always increase in an isolated system (for example, the universe). The relation between the amount of entropy in a black hole and the size of the black hole's event horizon was first thought of by a research student (Jacob Bekenstein) and proven by Hawking, whose calculations said that black holes emit radiation. This was strange, because it was already said that nothing can escape from a black hole's event horizon.


title: A Brief History of Time

text: This problem was solved when the idea of pairs of "virtual particles" was thought of. One of the pair of particles would fall into the black hole, and the other would escape. This would look like the black hole was emitting particles. This idea seemed strange at first, but many people accepted it after a while.


title: A Brief History of Time

text: Most scientists believe that the universe started in an explosion called the Big Bang. The model for this is called the "hot big bang model". When the universe starts getting bigger, the things inside of it also begin to get cooler. When the universe was first beginning, it was infinitely hot. The temperature of the universe cooled and the things inside the universe began to clump together.


title: A Brief History of Time

text: Hawking also talks about how the universe could have been. For example, if the universe formed and then collapsed quickly, there would not be enough time for life to form. Another example would be a universe that expanded too quickly. If a universe expanded too quickly, it would become almost empty. The idea of many universes is called the "many-worlds interpretation".


title: A Brief History of Time

text: Inflationary models are also discussed in this chapter, and so is the idea of a theory that unifies quantum mechanics and gravity.


title: A Brief History of Time

text: Each particle has many histories. This idea is known as Feynman's theory of sum over histories. A theory that unifies quantum mechanics and gravity should have Feynman's theory in it. To find the chance that a particle will pass through a point, the waves of each particle needs to be added up. These waves happen in imaginary time. Imaginary numbers, when multiplied by themselves, make a negative number. For example, 2i X 2i = -4.


title: Extant

text: In biology, an extant group is one which has survived to the present day, and so it is a living group. This distinguishes it from an extinct group.


title: Extant

text: The term 'extant' can also be used to describe species or higher groups (such as genera or families) which are still in existence (living).


title: Extant

text: Example: in the group of molluscs known as the cephalopods, there are about 600 extant species and 7500 extinct species.


title: The Bad Girls Club (season 7)

text: The Bad Girls Club: New Orleans is the seventh season of the reality television series "The Bad Girls Club". Filming began in February 2011 in Kenner, Louisiana and was originally scheduled to premier on July 11, 2011. The premier date was later changed to August 1, 2011. Becoming the second season to be filmed outside of the shows original filming location, season seven's theme is Mardi Gras.


title: The Bad Girls Club (season 7)

text: Oxygen confirmed that there will be a seventh season of "The Bad Girls Club" several weeks before the season finale for season six. The show was called "Bad Girls Club Boot Camp" but was later changed to "Bad Girls Club: New Orleans". Filming started in February 2011 in Kenner, Louisiana. Several weeks later, basketball coach Bryon Scott allowed production at his mansion. Tamithia Shaw, for Interim Code Enforcement (ICE), said "[she] understands the [place] will be used for four months but that pre-production work apparently has been going on for two or three weeks". She also said that the cast was not there. This began to cause an outrage from neighbors.


title: The Bad Girls Club (season 7)

text: The cast of season seven were asked to model for the "House of Lounge lingerie" at the New Orleans Fashion Week in March 2011.


title: The Bad Girls Club (season 7)

text: On March 13, 2011, TMZ had announced that "The Bad Girls Club" were not allowed to be at eight clubs because the clubs did not want to be associated with the show's "bad image" (not a good reputation). Season seven's cast were also not allowed at a Mardi Gras party, hosted by Pierre Thomas.


title: The Bad Girls Club (season 7)

text: On April 12, 2011 Tasha Malek, one of the cast, had made a complaint about another cast member, Natasia Townsend. Malek told the local police that Townsend was removing her personal items into a garbage bag, while telling her that "she needed to leave the house". This statement outraged Malek as she and Townsend began a physical fight and wrestled to the floor. They were later given summons by the police for disturbing the peace and disorderly conduct.


title: The Bad Girls Club (season 7)

text: In every season of "The Bad Girls Club", one or more "bad girls" will be asked to leave the house from producers because, of violence, fighting, or they will leave on their own because of stress or family problems. This then gives producers a chance at a new "bad girl" who arrives to the house a day or two to replace the "bad girl" who was removed.


title: English Channel

text: The English Channel is a body of water that separates the island of Great Britain from the rest of Europe. People who live in the UK and want to visit Europe, or people from Europe who want to visit the UK, can take a ferry across or ride a train under the channel in a special tunnel called the Channel Tunnel (nicknamed the "Chunnel"). Both the ferries and trains carry cars. It is 563 km long, 246 km wide, and its narrowest part (34 km) is the Strait of Dover. On a clear day, it is possible to see the cliffs of Dover from Calais on the French side.


title: English Channel

text: In 1875, Matthew Webb became the first known person to swim the English Channel, crossing it in just under 22 hours. The first woman to do this was Gertrude Ederle. In 2004, over 600 people were recorded making the crossing. The fastest time was achieved by Bulgarian swimmer Peter Stoychev in 2007, who managed it in 7 hours. Recently, officials have outlawed swimming in the English Channel.


title: Venus Williams

text: Venus Ebony Starr Williams (born June 17, 1980) is an American professional tennis player. William is a former world No. 1 in both singles and doubles, Williams is often said to be one of the all-time greats of the sport of tennis. She is also an Olympic gold medalist who has won 7 Grand Slam titles. She was ranked World No. 24 as of October 22, 2012 in singles.


title: Venus Williams

text: Williams is the older sister of Serena Williams. Serena has also been ranked as number one in the world. The Williams sisters are well known for their power games. Venus holds the record for the fastest serve by a female player in a main draw match (128.8 mph).


title: Venus Williams

text: In 2003, the sister and personal assistant to Venus Williams, Yetunde Price, was shot dead in Compton, California near the courts on which the sisters once practiced. Shortly after her death , the Williams family said "We are extremely shocked, saddened and devastated by the shooting death of our beloved Yetunde. She was our nucleus and our rock. She was a personal assistant, confidante, and adviser to her sisters, and her death leaves a void that can never be filled. Our grief is overwhelming, and this is the saddest day of our lives."


title: Venus Williams

text: On December 13, 2007, Williams got her associate degree in fashion design from the Art Institute of Fort Lauderdale.


title: Venus Williams

text: In 2011, Williams was forced to stop playing in the US Open before her second-round match after she learned she had Sjögren's syndrome. After she learned this, Williams started following a vegan diet and lowered the amount of calories and sugars in her diet.


title: Venus Williams

text: In 2015, Williams got a Bachelor of Science degree in business administration from Indiana University East. She began studying for the degree in 2011 through an agreement between the university and the Women's Tennis Association. The agreement lets athletes play tennis professionally while studying online. Williams has said that shw wants to earn a MBA as well.


title: Venus Williams

text: Williams has dated golfer Hank Kuehne. They were seen together from 2007 until 2010. In 2012, she met Cuban model Elio Pis. They dated until 2015. She dated publishing heir Nicholas Hammond for two years until 2019.


title: Venus Williams

text: On June 9, 2017, Williams was in an accident in Palm Beach Gardens, Florida. A car collided with her SUV as she was driving through an intersection. The accident caused the death of a 78-year-old man and injured another person in the other vehicle. WHen the accident happened, Police said that Williams was "at fault". After they reviewed the surveillance video, they said that she had not caused it.


title: Venus Williams

text: On December 21, 2017, authorities said that the accident had occurred after Williams' vehicle was unlawfully cut off by an unidentified driver of a third vehicle. A nearby surveillance camera showed that this was not true. Authorities said the accident was caused by the unidentified third driver, not by Williams.


title: Antivirus software

text: Antivirus software (or anti-virus software) helps prevent access to a computer system by an unwanted computer malware. Viruses, worms or trojan horses can be used by criminals or mischievous people (called 'hackers'). They can steal information or damage system files. If no antivirus software is installed on the device, hackers will be able to access the information in the computer.


title: Antivirus software

text: There are many different types of antivirus software, and many antivirus programs that can be downloaded for free. These free antiviruses usually have some features missing, and the missing features are only available to those who buy the full version. Even still, many free antiviruses today have great virus scanning capabilities and can give people suitable internet security protections without the need to buying additional protections.


title: Antivirus software

text: Antivirus software protects computers in many different ways. For starters, most antiviruses offer more than just "virus" protection. They protect computers from all different kinds of malware, like spyware, rootkits, phishing, and ransomware. For this reason, antiviruses are frequently interchangeably referred to as "anti-malware" programs. There are a few more ways that antiviruses protect against malware, but the most used way is through a regular scan of all the data and files on a computer's hard disk. In an antivirus scan, the software will look through every file on a computer, and it will compare each computer file's genetic makeup with the genetic makeup of already-known viruses. If a file has the same genetic makeup as a known piece of malware, it will be flagged as a problem. This is known as signature-based detection, and it is only effective when a malware file has been previously identified and shared with the community of malware researchers who maintain the malware database. Another typical kind of malware detection is through behavior analysis. This is when the antivirus software identifies an abnormal behavior in a computer file or program, causing the antivirus to flag that issue and assess whether or not the abnormality has been caused by malware or by something else.


title: Antivirus software

text: Most tests and experts claim that while antivirus software is extremely useful in preventing some cyber attacks, but it is unable to all attacks. That is because once a piece of malware has been identified, hackers know that this malware will be added to the list of already-known viruses, and it will no longer be able to pass through most signature-based detection systems. Also, antivirus software is not completely perfect, and there are more new and emerging threats that mostly sneak by a computer's defenses.


title: Antivirus software

text: Installing more than one antivirus is never a good idea. The two different antivirus software may interfere with each other and causes damage.


title: Antivirus software

text: Sometimes antivirus software sees viruses in files that do not actually have viruses. This is called a false positive. The antivirus software will may remove files from the computer that do not have to be removed. This may cause other programs to not work correctly.


title: Futsal

text: Futsal is a sport that is like association football, but on hard court. It is played on indoor courts by two teams with five players each. Its name is short for "futebol de salao", which means 'room football' in the Portuguese language, or "fútbol de sala", which is the same in the Spanish language. Futsal is most popular in South American countries, like Brazil, Argentina and Uruguay. However, it is also played in many other countries.


title: Futsal

text: The pitch is between 38 and 42 metres long and between 20 and 25 metres wide. This is shorter and narrower than football. The pitch is a hard court and smooth, unlike grass in football. The halves of the game are both twenty minutes long, shorter than the usual 45 minutes in football. There are 6 players on the court in total, including the goalkeeper. Substitutions are unlimited, and the maximum number of subs is 9. Players who break the rules can get yellow or red cards. If a player gets a red card, they can't play in that game anymore. The team that got the red card also has to play with one less player for two minutes or until the other team scores a goal. Another difference from football is that when the ball goes out, instead of throwing it back in, it is kicked in. There is also no offside in futsal.


title: Futsal

text: A teacher from Uruguay called Juan Carlos Ceriani made the game in 1930. The rules were made in Sao Paulo, Brazil in 1933. He used rule templates from Football (soccer), Basketball, and Handball. A World Championship was held in 1971 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The first Futsal World Cup was in 1989 in Rotterdam, Netherlands. Since 1992 it is played every 4 years. In the 2016 Summer Olympics, Futsal was played for the first time in the Olympics.


title: Nute Gunray

text: Nute Gunray is a fictional character in the Star Wars Universe. Gunray was a neimoidian politician who served as the Viceroy of the Trade Federation during their invasion of Naboo and later served as a prominent Separatist leader during the conflict known as the Clone Wars. Gunray appears in , and of the Star Wars Prequels Trilogy as well as in other media such as the Animated Television series.


title: Nute Gunray

text: The Invasion of Naboo was an event that took place 32 years before the events of . The Invasion began as a blockade around the planet, with Nute Gunray taking charge of the fleet, this blockade was set up in order to protest the taxation of trade routes by the new republic, however the real intention of the blockade was to stage a droid invasion of the planet so that Senator Palpatine (who was secretly controlling Nute Gunray as Darth Sidious) could gain sympathy in the Galactic Senate. After the Blockade was set up, the trade federation began sending Battle Droids down to the planets surface. This event was seen throughout .


title: Nute Gunray

text: The Republic sent Jedi Master Qui-Gon Jinn and his Padawan Obi-Wan Kenobi to negotiate with the Viceroy, Gunray assumed they had arrived to force a negotiation so, after consulting Darth Sidious, ordered their death. Droideka's were sent but the two Jedi were able to escape to the planet below were they witnesses the invasion first hand. Nute Gunray would later descend to the planet below of Naboo in an attempt to force the planet's queen Padmé Amidala into a deal, he would eventually be stopped.


title: Nute Gunray

text: Nute Gunray argues that everything he does is legal and he also states that he would not do anything without the approval of the senate, when saying this he is talking about the trade blockade, not the invasion. If proof could be shown to the senate that the trade federation had began an invasion of the planet, the republic would intervene, but the senate could not be convinced. Gunray and the trade federation had a presence in the senate and were even accused of taking part in bureaucracy.


title: Nute Gunray

text: Nute Gunray was under direct command of the Sith Lord Darth Sidious. This was the Sith alias of Senator Palpatine. Sidious commanded Gunray to invade Naboo. By creating an artificial conflict, Sidious could gain sympathy for Naboo in the senate. He could use this sympathy along with the Republic's lack of action to achieve the political position of Supreme Chancellor. Nute Gunray was just a pawn in Sidious' plan to achieve the position of supreme chancellor. By working as the necessary opposition, Gunray was not aware that this was his purpose but despite this Sidious was able to ascend to Supreme Chancellor and he would not be able to do this without Nute Gunray.


title: Nute Gunray

text: Nute Gunray was not fond of his Sith overlords. When Darth Sidious introduced Darth Maul in a hologram to Gunray, Gunray was not pleased and when the communication ended exclaimed "This is getting out of hand, now there are two of them!" referring to the two Sith. It is likely that Gunray disliked the Sith as he feared their power and they could threaten his position. Gunray also feared they could be too controlling.


title: Nute Gunray

text: Nute Gunray also knew the Sith Lord Darth Tyrannus was Sidious's second apprentice and played a large part in the separatist rebellion along with Gunray. They were seen together on Geonosis.


title: Nute Gunray

text: After the conflict on Naboo Nute Gunray along with others from the Trade Federation, Banking Clan, Techno Union and others form the Confederacy of Independent Systems (C.I.S.) the C.I.S. would be what fought against the Republic During the conflict known as The Clone Wars.


title: Nute Gunray

text: Gunray was the chairman of the separatist council and sat on it alongside others such as Count Dooku, the Corporate Alliance’s Passel Argente, the InterGalactic Banking Clan’s San Hill, the Commerce Guild’s Shu Mai, the Techno Union’s Wat Tambor, Poggle the Lesser of Geonosis, and Senators Po Nudo and Tikkes.


title: Nute Gunray

text: Nute Gunray was killed by Darth Vader under the orders of his new master Darth Sidious on Mustafar after Darth Sidious ordered the Separatist council move there as Sidious promised the war would soon be at an end.


title: Nute Gunray

text: "What about the Senator from Naboo? Is she dead yet? I am not signing your treaty until I have her head on my desk!"


title: Nute Gunray

text: "Yes, of course. As you know, our blockade is perfectly legal and we'd be happy to receive the ambassadors."


title: Nute Gunray

text: "Safe? Hum. Chancellor Palpatine managed to escape, General. Without Count Dooku, I have doubts about your ability to keep us safe."


title: Willow

text: Willows are a group of trees and shrubs which may be called sallows or osiers. Their latin name is "Salix".


title: Willow

text: Willows have many differences in size and type of growth, but are very much alike in other respects. There are about 350 species of this plant, usually found on moist soils in cooler zones in the Northern Hemisphere. Many hybrids are known, both naturally occurring and in cultivation, because willows are very fertile between their own species.


title: Willow

text: Willows have watery bark sap, charged with salicylic acid (defence against herbivory). They have soft, usually pliant (bendy), tough wood, slender branches, and large, fibrous, often stoloniferous roots. The roots are remarkable for their toughness, size, and are hard to kill. Roots readily sprout from aerial parts of the plant.


title: Willow

text: Willows are dioecious, with male and female flowers appearing as catkins on separate plants. The catkins are produced early in the spring, often before the leaves.


title: Mayhem (band)

text: Mayhem is a Norwegian black metal band. It was founded in 1984 by guitarist Øystein Aarseth (aka Euronymous), bass guitarist Jørn Stubberud (aka Necrobutcher), and drummer Kjetil Manheim (aka Manheim). The band name is taken from the Venom song, "Mayhem with Mercy."


title: Mayhem (band)

text: During the early years, the band used either session vocalists Messiah or Maniac for live/studio performances. During rehearsals, they played either without a singer, or either Necrobutcher or Euronymous would sing.


title: Mayhem (band)

text: By late 1987, both Manheim and Maniac had left the band. Members of the band Vomit sang for the band for a short time. In 1988, singer Dead, and drummer Hellhammer joined the band.


title: Mayhem (band)

text: Dead killed himself in 1991. He shot himself in the mouth with a shotgun after cutting his wrists with a knife. The shell he used, was not given to him by Varg Vikernes (Count Grishnackh). His body was found in his room. A suicide note was also found. It said "Excuse all the blood". Euronymous took pictures of the body and room. One of these pictures was used as the cover of their "Dawn of the Black Hearts" album. This started people saying many things about the band. It was said that Euronymous had cooked and eaten pieces of Dead's brain. It was also said that parts of Dead's skull had been used to make necklaces that both Euronymous and Hellhammer wore. It is not likely that his brains were eaten, but it is known that necklaces were made, and that pictures were taken.


title: Mayhem (band)

text: With the media and police attention after Dead's suicide, Necrobutcher (Jørn Stubberud) left the band. Dead was replaced by Occultus (Stian Johansen). He was the ex-singer of Thyabhorrent. He sang and played bass in Mayhem for a few months, but soon left. Varg Vikernes (Burzum) joined as bassist.


title: Mayhem (band)

text: On August 10th, 1993, Varg Vikernes murdered Euronymous in his apartment. Their relationship before the murder had gotten bad. It is thought that there were many reasons why Vikernes killed him. These include that it was over a girl, jealousy of Euronymous's position in the band, Euronymous owing him money and Euronymous not releasing Burzum's albums on time. Euronymous was found in his underwear with knife wound. Varg was rumoured to try and outdo the murder Faust of the band Emperor did. At his trial, Vikernes came into court with his long hair made into pigtails. He said he had nothing to do with Euronymous's death. He laughed throughout the trial. Vikernes was found guilty the murder. He was sent to prison for 21 years. This is the most time a person can be sent to prison in Norway. When police arrested Vikernes, he was found with over of dynamite and plans to destroy Nidarosdomen on a religious holiday. Nodarosdomen is a large Christian church in Trondheim. Varg Vikernes has a different story to the reasons for killing Euronymous. He created many articles to tell the reasons.


title: Mayhem (band)

text: After the trial, Euronymous's parents asked Hellhammer to remove the parts of the bands music that Varg had recorded. He told them he would do this. Since he could not play the bass guitar, the changes were not made. The album remained the same, with Varg playing on it.


title: Mayhem (band)

text: Their performances used heavy atmospheric effects. These included things such as pig heads put on wooden poles. Dead's clothes were buried days or weeks before the show. They were dug up before the performances and would be covered in decay, dirt and insects. Pieces of rotting meat were thrown into the audience and given to people to eat or rip on the spot. Dead ravens were placed in a bag so Dead could smell decay and death. Members would also cut themselves onstage.


title: Laura Branigan

text: Laura Branigan (July 3, 1952 – August 26, 2004) was an American singer, songwriter and actress. She was best known for her 1982 platinum hit "Gloria". She also starred on several television shows. Branigan's songs were featured in soundtracks for the movies "Flashdance" and "Ghostbusters".


title: Laura Branigan

text: Branigan was born on July 3, 1952 in Brewster, New York, United States. Her father was an account executive and mutual funds broker. In 1970, she graduated from high school and attended the American Academy of Dramatic Arts in New York City.


title: Laura Branigan

text: Branigan toured Europe as a backup singer with Leonard Cohen. She started her solo career in 1982. Her first album, "Branigan", was released in 1982. A song "Gloria" from that album stayed on top of the pop charts for 36 weeks. It reached number six on the British pop charts. It was a remake of an Italian song from the 1970s. The song got her a nomination for a Grammy for best female pop singer. She was nominated for three more during her career. She released seven more albums. She co-wrote the song "How Am I Supposed To Live Without You?" with a then unknown Michael Bolton. In 1981 Branigan appeared on German television in "An American Girl in Berlin". She was a guest on the American TV show, "CHiPS". She starred in the movie "Mugsy's Girls" in 1984. She also appeared in the 1988 movie "Backstage". In 2002 she starred in the Off-Broadway production of "Love, Janis", playing Janis Joplin. She received rave (very good) reviews for her performance.


title: Laura Branigan

text: In 1981, Branigan met Larry Kruteck, an attorney, at a party in Manhattan. They married that same year, when she was 24 years old and he was 44. In 1994 her husband was diagnosed with colon cancer. She quit singing to take care of him full time. Kruteck died in 1996. In 2001, as she was just returning to singing again, she fell from a ladder at her home and broke both her legs. Branigan was in physical therapy for six months.


title: Laura Branigan

text: On August 26, 2004, Branigan died of a brain aneurysm. She died in her sleep at her home in East Quogue, New York. She was 52 years old.


title: Ultimate Custom Night

text: Ultimate Custom Night is a point-and-click survival horror video game created by Scott Cawthon. It is the second official spin-off of the "Five Nights at Freddy's" game series, the first one being "FNaF World". The game was released on June 27, 2018 for free on Steam and Game Jolt.


title: Ultimate Custom Night

text: The game allows the player to choose from 50 characters from all six main "Five Nights at Freddy's" games, as well from a spin-off, "FNaF World", and set their difficulty levels for the night from a minimum of '0' to a maximum of '20'.


title: Japanese traditional dance

text: There are two types of Japanese traditional dance: "Odori", which was created in the Edo period; and "Mai", which was created in the western part of Japan. Odori came from "Kabuki" drama, where it is danced by men. Mai derives from "Noh" drama, also danced by men. Today it is usually danced by female dancers, and is mostly done in houses, instead of on stage.


title: Foot-pound force

text: The foot-pound force (symbol: ft·lb), or simply foot-pound (symbol: ft·lb), is a unit of energy and also a unit of torque. By definition it is one foot times one pound-force.


title: Japanese traditional dance

text: A type of the Mai style of Japanese dance is the "Kyomai" or Kyoto style dance. Kyomai was created in the 17th century Tokugawa cultural period. Noh drama, music and dance was heavily influenced by the elegance of the manners of the Japanese Imperial Court. Kabuki drama, and hence Odori, was a more democratic form, but still (viewed with modern eyes) quite traditional.


title: Foot-pound force

text: As a unit of energy, one foot-pound is the energy it takes to push with one pound-force one pound for a distance of one foot.


title: Foot-pound force

text: As a unit of torque, one foot-pound is the torque created by one pound force acting at a perpendicular distance of one foot from a pivot point.


title: James Stewart

text: James Maitland Stewart (May 20, 1908 – July 2, 1997) was an American actor and military pilot. In his career, he starred in many movies considered classics and was nominated for five Oscars, winning one in competition and one life achievement. Stewart became so familiar to the American public that he was most usually referred to by them as "Jimmy" Stewart.


title: Telly Savalas

text: Telly Savalas (January 21, 1922 – January 22, 1994) was an American actor and singer. He is best known from playing the character Kojak in a television series and many television movies. He was born in Garden City, New York; his parents were Greek Americans.


title: Telly Savalas

text: Early in his career, he played different characters like the detective in "Cape Fear" (1962), with Gregory Peck and Robert Mitchum, and the role of Feto Gomez in "Birdman of Alcatraz" (1962), he would win the Academy Award as supporting actor.


title: Telly Savalas

text: One of his best roles in his career was that of Pontius Pilate, in "The Greatest Story Ever Told" (1965). For his role, he shaved his head.


title: Telly Savalas

text: Then co-star in war movies "Battle of the Bulge" (1965), "The Dirty Dozen" (1967), with Lee Marvin, Telly played the role of a religious fanatic convict, who is elected by Lee Marvin for a suicidal mission., and "Kelly's Heroes" (1970), with Clint Eastwood and directed by Brian G. Hutton.


title: Telly Savalas

text: He was then personified as the villain Ernst Stavro Blofeld, in the James Bond saga, "On Her Majesty's Secret Service" (1969).


title: Telly Savalas

text: In the 1970s Savalas worked in Europe with some success in movies as "Città violenta" (1970), with Charles Bronson, "A Town Called Bastard" (1971), with Jack Palance, La banda J.S.: Cronaca criminale del Far West (1972), "Horror Express" (1972) with Christopher Lee and Peter Cushing, "Senza ragione" (1973). and the movie by Mario Bava, "Lisa e il diavolo" (1974).


title: Telly Savalas

text: In the late 70s and early 1980s, Savalas worked on movies including "Beyond the Poseidon Adventure" (1979), "Cannonball Run II" (1984).


title: Telly Savalas

text: In 1973 CBS hired him to play the role of a Lieutenant, member of the police detective in New York, in production for CBS television: "The Marcus-Nelson Murders". Has a success out of the ordinary and the producers decided to turn it into a television series.


title: Telly Savalas

text: Seven TV movies were made in the series Kojak: "" (1985), "" (1987), "" (1989), "" (1991), "" (1990), "" (1990) and "" (1990).


title: Telly Savalas

text: He also starred in TV movie productions Mongo's "Back in Town" (1972), "She Cried Murder" (1973), "" (1980), "" (1987), "" (1988), "The Hollywood Detective" (1989).


title: Peak District

text: The Peak District is an upland area in England at the southern end of the Pennines. It is mostly in northern Derbyshire but also includes parts of Cheshire, Greater Manchester, Staffordshire and Yorkshire.


title: Peak District

text: The area has two main parts. The northern 'Dark Peak' is where most of the moorland is found. Its geology is gritstone. The southern 'White Peak' is where most of the population lives: its geology is mainly limestone.


title: Peak District

text: Much of the area is uplands above , with a high point on Kinder Scout of . Despite its name, the landscape generally lacks sharp peaks, but has rounded hills and gritstone escarpments (the "edges"). The area is surrounded by major conurbations, including Huddersfield, Manchester, Sheffield, Derby and Stoke-on-Trent.


title: Peak District

text: The area is very difficult to travel across. The roads are few and narrow. This is due to the terrain, which is hilly, rough and uneven. Major motorways run east and west of the area.


title: Peak District

text: The Peak District National Park became the first national park in the United Kingdom in 1951. It attracts many visitors every year.


title: Peak District

text: The Peak District is formed almost exclusively from sedimentary rocks dating from the Carboniferous period. They comprise the Carboniferous limestone, the overlying gritstone and finally the coal measures at the margins of the area. There are outcrops of igneous rocks including lavas, tuffs and volcanic vent agglomerates. The Peak District is like a broad dome (see image below).


title: Peak District

text: Earth movements after the Carboniferous period resulted in the up-doming of the area. This resulted in the dome-like shape. The shale and sandstone were worn away until limestone was exposed. At the end of this period, the Earth's crust sank here which led to the area being covered by sea, depositing a variety of new rocks.


title: Peak District

text: Some time after its deposition, mineral veins were formed in the limestone. These veins and rakes have been mined for lead since Roman times.


title: Peak District

text: The Peak District was covered by ice during at least one of the ice ages of the last 2 million years. Glacial meltwaters eroded a complex of sinuous channels along the margin of the Peak District during this period. Glacial meltwaters helped form many of the caves in the limestone area. Wild animal herds roamed the area, and their remains have been found in several of the local caves.


title: Peak District

text: The different types of rock that lie beneath the soil strongly influence the landscape. They determine the vegetation and so the animals that will live in the area. Limestone has fissures (cracks) and is soluble in water, so rivers carve deep, narrow valleys. These rivers then often find a route underground, creating cave systems. Millstone Grit on the other hand is insoluble but porous, so it absorbs water. Water moves through the grits until it meets the less porous shales beneath, creating springs when it reaches the surface again. The shales are friable and easily attacked by frost. They form areas where landslides may occur, as on Mam Tor.


title: Michael Ansara

text: He was best known for playing of Cochise in the American television series "Broken Arrow", Kane in the 1979-81 series "Buck Rogers in the 25th Century", Commander Kang on three different "Star Trek" TV series, Deputy U.S. Marshal Sam Buckhart on the NBC series, "Law of the Plainsman", and the voice for villain character Mr. Freeze in the Emmy Award winning series "", "The New Batman Adventures", "Batman & Mr. Freeze: SubZero", and "Batman Beyond".


title: Michael Ansara

text: Ansara was born in a small village in Syria and moved to Lowell, Massachusetts. He was educated at the Los Angeles City College.


title: Michael Ansara

text: Ansara starred in his own ABC-TV series, "Law of the Plainsman" (1959–60), with Gina Gillespie and Robert Harland. He performed as an Apache Indian named Sam Buckhart who had been appointed as a U.S. Marshal. The series began as an episode of "The Rifleman". In 1961, he appeared as Carl in the episode "Night Visitors" of the NBC anthology series "The Barbara Stanwyck Show".


title: Michael Ansara

text: Ansara also played in the Biblical epics "The Robe" (1953) as Judas Iscariot, "The Ten Commandments" (1956) as a taskmaster (uncredited), and "The Greatest Story Ever Told" (1965) as Herod's commander. He also appeared as Belshazzar in Columbia's 1953 movie "Slaves of Babylon". Guest starred with Kurt Russell in an episode of the 1960's series "Lost in Space".


title: Michael Ansara

text: Ansara did voice-acting as Mr. Freeze in "" as well as the animated movie "Batman & Mr. Freeze: SubZero", an episode of both "New Batman Adventures" and "Batman Beyond". He also voiced Mr. Freeze in the video game "Batman Vengeance".


title: Michael Ansara

text: Ansara was nominated for an Academy of Science Fiction Award. He won a Western Heritage Award for "Rawhide". He received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for both movies and television.


title: Michael Ansara

text: Ansara was married to Jean Byron from 1955 until they divorced in 1956. He was married to Barbara Eden from 1958 until 1974. They had a son, Matthew Ansara, who died in 2001. He married Beverly Kushida in 1977.


The 2024 United States presidential election will be the 60th presidential election. It will be the first presidential election to use population information from the 2020 census. Current President of the United States Joe Biden and former President Donald Trump are both eligible to run for a second term. On November 15, 2022, former President Donald Trump officially announced his candidacy and launched his reelection campaign to a non consecutive term.


title: 2024 United States presidential election

text: Joe Biden is the current president, elected for his first term in office in the 2020 election, and has said he plans to run for reelection for a second term in 2024. He is the oldest president, at age 78, and would be 82 at the end of his first term and 86 at the end of his second term, if reelected. During late 2021, as President Biden was had low approval ratings in the polls, there was speculation that he would not run for re-election. If this happened, Vice President Kamala Harris and Secretary of Transportation Pete Buttigieg would be considered likely candidates for the Democratic presidential nomination, having both run for president in 2020. However, Biden has said he has every intention of running for reelection.


text: , the following individuals have been subjects of speculation about their potential candidacy within the previous six months. Most of these candidates are viewed as potential replacements if President Biden does not seek re-election, while some are viewed as potential primary challenges if he does.


text: The people in this section have been the subject of speculation about their possible run for president, but have publicly denied interest in running.


text: Donald Trump was defeated by Joe Biden in 2020 and was impeached by the House of Representatives. He was found not guilty in his second impeachment in 2021 and is currently allowed to run again in the 2024 presidential election. If he decides to run, he would be seeking to become the second president, after Grover Cleveland, to serve two non-consecutive terms, potentially making him both the 45th and 47th president of the United States. The last president to run after leaving office was Theodore Roosevelt, who came in second in the 1912 election as the candidate of the Progressive Party, although Herbert Hoover did seek the Republican nomination at national conventions after leaving office in 1933.


text: , individuals in this section have formally explored a candidacy for president, either by "testing the waters" or forming a political action committee.


text: , the following individuals have expressed an interest in running for president within the previous six months.


text: , the following individuals have been subjects of speculation about their potential candidacy within the previous six months.


text: The individuals in this section have been the subject of speculation about their possible candidacy, but have publicly denied interest in running.


text: the following individuals have expressed an interest in running for president within the previous six months.


title: Hypoactive sexual desire disorder

text: Hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) is a sexual condition that is characterized by the lack of sexual fantasy and desire for sexual activity. For this to be judged as a disorder, the condition has to cause strong distress or interpersonal troubles, and should not be better accounted for by another mental disorder or drugs. The condition was first discovered around the late 1960s or early 1970s. The subtypes include women or men earlier having sexual interests for their partner, though that interest has since cooled down or faded away. In some cases, sexual partners, female or male, may have never had sexual desire to begin with. The condition may be triggered through other health problems.


title: Ronald and Richard Herrick

text: Ronald Lee Herrick (15 June 1931 - 29 December 2010) was the world's first organ donor. On December 23, 1954, Herrick had one of his kidneys removed and transplanted into his identical twin brother, Richard J. Herrick (15 June 1931 - 14 March 1963). Richard was dying from chronic nephritis, a kidney disease. This made Richard the first successful recipient of a human organ transplant. The operation was performed by Dr. Joseph Murray at the Peter Bent Brigham Hospital in Boston. Murray later won the 1990 Nobel Prize in Medicine for his transplant work.


title: Ronald and Richard Herrick

text: Richard lived for a further eight years, while Ronald worked as a teacher and farmer. Ronald died in 2010 after complications from heart surgery. Since the 1954 operation more than 450,000 kidney transplants have been done in the US.


title: Visby

text: Visby is the only city on the Swedish island of Gotland. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. In 2005, its population is 22,236.


title: Organisation of Islamic Cooperation

text: The Organisation of Islamic Cooperation is an international group. It has over 55` member states. The organisation tries to be the voice of the Muslim world. They try to safeguard the interests and the progress and well-being of Muslims.


title: Organisation of Islamic Cooperation

text: The OIC has a permanent delegation to the United Nations. It is the largest international organisation outside of the United Nations. The official languages of the OIC are Arabic, English, French, Persian, and Turkish.!!


title: Organisation of Islamic Cooperation

text: It was founded in 1969 and had 25* members originally. It changed its name on 28 June 2011 from the Organisation of the Islamic Conference to its current name.


title: Trojan Horse

text: The Trojan Horse is a large wooden horse from the Trojan War in Greek mythology. In the Trojan War, the Greeks were fighting against the city of Troy. The war started when Helen, the queen of Sparta, was kidnapped by Paris, prince of Troy. The Greeks waged war on Troy to win Helen of Troy back.


title: Trojan Horse

text: The Greeks could not enter the city or win the war. Because of this, Odysseus, one of the Grecian leaders, thought of a way to trick the Trojans. The Greeks built a large wooden horse out of a ship and left it outside the gates of the city as a present for the Trojans, then sailed away. The Greek ships hid behind a nearby land mass. The Trojans took the horse and put it inside their city, thinking it was a victory gift from the Greeks. The Trojans had a festival to celebrate their victory. Odysseus chose a horse so that Athena (goddess of wisdom and strength) would grant them good luck after the battle. After the Trojan victory festival ended, the Greeks, who were hiding inside the horse, came out. They opened the city gates to let the other Greeks enter Troy. The Greeks easily overpowered the unsuspecting Trojans and took control of the city. Because of the Trojan Horse, the Greeks won the Trojan War.


title: Trojan Horse

text: Today the word "Trojan horse" is used for things that are similar to that story: something that looks good, but in truth has another purpose, usually bad. An example for this is a type of computer virus called a Trojan horse.


title: Bobby Moore

text: Robert Frederick Chelsea "Bobby" Moore (12 April 1941 - 24 February 1993) was an English former footballer. He was best known for playing for West Ham United and England national team. He was the captain of England when they won the World Cup in 1966. He played 108 games for England between 1962 and 1973. When he retired, this was a national record. Only Peter Shilton and David Beckham have since played more games for England. He is regarded as one of the greatest defenders of all time. He died of colorectal cancer in Wandsworth, London.


title: Prime Minister of Bangladesh

text: The Prime Minister of the People's Republic of Bangladesh is the Head of the Government of Bangladesh. The current Prime Minister, Hasina Wajed, was elected on December 29, 2008. The office of the Prime Minister is at Tejgaon in Dhaka city.


title: Tesseract

text: A tesseract is a 4-dimensional object with eight cells; each cell is a cube. The tesseract is one of the six convex regular 4-polytopes. Unlike three-dimensional objects which rotate on both an axis and a plane (the plane being of length and width and the axis being of the leftover dimension, height), a tesseract rotates on two planes, one made up of length and width, and one made up of height and the fourth dimension. It is the simplest hypercube.


title: Tesseract

text: It is not possible to make a tesseract out of real materials. A tesseract is in four dimensions, but we can only move in three dimensions.


title: House of Stuart

text: The Tudor dynasty ended when Queen Elizabeth I died in 1603. She named her cousin James I as heir. He became James I of England, and started the Stuart dynasty.


title: Semantic Scholar

text: Semantic Scholar is an artificial-intelligence backed search engine for academic publications developed at the Allen Institute for AI and publicly released in November 2015.


title: Patrick Swayze

text: Patrick Wayne Swayze (August 18, 1952 – September 14, 2009) was an American actor, singer, songwriter and dancer. He was born in Houston, Texas. He had starred in many successful Hollywood movies, including "Red Dawn" (1984), "Dirty Dancing" (1987), "Ghost" (1990), and "Point Break" (1991). Swayze's film career was started in the Coppola movie "The Outsiders" (1983).


title: Patrick Swayze

text: Swayze was diagnosed with pancreatic cancer in January 2008. He died in 2009, in Los Angeles, California, at the age of 57. He was married to Lisa Niemi from 1975 and until his death. The couple owned a horse ranch in Albuquerque, New Mexico. Swayze did not have children.


title: Ring

text: It is usually made of metal such as gold, silver, platinum, but can be made of other things, for example, bone or glass. Many rings have gemstones on them, for beauty and decoration on your finger. It is a fashion accessory and sometimes a sign of importance (status). The Lord Chancellors of England were given a ring when taking office, and returned it when leaving the position. The ring identified them as the second most important person in the kingdom.


title: Ring

text: In most religions, senior clergy have rings of their office. It is standard practice for members of a church to kneel and kiss the ring as a sign of faith and obedience.


title: Ring

text: Rings have been used for engagements and weddings since prehistoric times.The engagement ring is meant to be a sign of luck and happiness. Both men and women used to wear an engagement ring to show that they were going to be married, but more recently only women have worn them. A diamond ring is seen as being especially lucky, as the sparkle of the diamond is said to come from the fires of love. A pearl in a ring is unlucky, as the pearl is a sign of tears. Because the ring is round and does not have an end, it is seen as a symbol of love which never ends. These are, of course, superstitions. However, a wedding ring is a public symbol of a legal relationship, and in many societies rings have that kind of function.


title: Subspecies

text: Subspecies is a classification (taxonomy) in biology. It is directly below species. When looking at the Latin name, subspecies are indicated by the third name. Subspecies can mix with each other; animals or plants from different subspecies can have offspring together (This is usually not the case with animals from different species).


title: Subspecies

text: When looking at subspecies, they can also be told apart sufficiently by looking at the appearance or DNA of an animal or plant.


title: Subspecies

text: Very often, there are populations that are between two subspecies; this is because evolution is a continuous process. Subspecies can often be recognised by "subsp" or "ssp" (before the third part of the name) especially in botany.


title: Subspecies

text: In zoology, when a species is split into subspecies, the first described population is known as the "nominate subspecies", and it repeats the same name as the species. For example, the "Daboia russelii russelii" (known as the Indian Russell's Viper) is a nominate subspecies of the species "Daboia russelii" (known as the Russell's Viper).


title: Sea lion

text: Sea lions are several pinnipeds from the family Otariidae (eared seals). They live all around the world, except in the Atlantic Ocean.


title: Sea lion

text: Male sea lions have thick fur around the face and neck, which sometimes looks like a lion's mane. That's how they got the name "sea lion". Some, like the Steller sea lion, can actually roar! Of course, these pinnipeds are not really lions at all, but they are mammals. Like lions, they have fur, breathe air, give birth to live young, and feed milk to their young. They also eat meat, though sea lions eat the meat of fishes, squids, and sea birds instead of land animals. Sea lions are also fierce fighters, just like lions.


title: Government-in-exile

text: A government-in-exile is a group of people who claim they are the real government of a country, but who live in another country. These were common during World War II. The Germans took over several countries, and the leaders of those countries went to England for refuge.


title: Anwar Sadat

text: Muhammad Anwar el-Sadat (25 December 1918 – 6 October 1981) was the third President of Egypt. He served from 15 October 1970 until he was assassinated by Islamic extremists on 6 October 1981.


title: Anwar Sadat

text: Sadat was born in 1918 into a family with 13 children, and attended a military school. After his graduation, he was sent to an outpost where he met and became a close friend of Gamal Abdel Nasser. There, the two of them became part of a group of young soldiers who later became the Free Officers group (both Nasser and Sadat were colonels) that overthrew the Muhammad Ali Dynasty in the Egyptian Revolution of 1952. Nasser became the president after the revolution, and Sadat served as one of Nasser's ministers until he died in 1970.


title: Anwar Sadat

text: Sadat was chosen as president because Nasser's supporters saw him as someone who they could control. They did not think he would be president for very long. However, in his eleven years as president Sadat changed a lot of the things Nasser had set in place, and made Egypt respected for its military strength and political power in the Middle East. On 6 October 1973, Sadat started the October War together with Syria, to try to take back the land Israel had taken from them six years earlier in the Six-Day War. The Egyptian army was very successful at the start of the war, and their advance across the Suez Canal into the Sinai Peninsula surprised Israel and the rest of the world. This success made Sadat a hero in Egypt, and for a time throughout the Arab World.


title: Anwar Sadat

text: Sadat visited Israel in 1977 and made a speech in front of the Knesset about what he thought was the best way to bring about peace with them. He was the first Arab leader to visit Israel and make peace with them. In 1978, he signed a peace treaty with Israel. This won him the Nobel Peace Prize, but made him very unpopular among other Arabs who did not support peace with Israel. This led to Egypt being suspended from the Arab League at that time.


title: Anwar Sadat

text: Many Islamists were very angry about the peace treaty. They made plans to take over the Egyptian government and kill all the main leaders, so that they could bring Egypt back to having an Islamic government instead of a secular one. In February 1981, the Egyptian government heard of this plan. In September that year, Sadat ordered over 1500 people arrested because he thought they might be part of the plot. These people included Islamists, but also the Bishop and other clergy, and many of Egypt's top intellectuals and activists. This arrest was very unpopular. However, Sadat missed a group of Islamists in the military who were led by Lieutenant Khalid Islambouli. This group assassinated Sadat on 6 October during the victory parade celebrating the crossing into the Sinai Peninsula. Eleven other people were killed in the attack, and 28 were wounded. At the same time, Islamists also took control of the city of Asyut for a few days.


title: Anwar Sadat

text: Sadat's funeral was attended by many important people from around the world, including Gerald Ford, Jimmy Carter, Ronald Reagan, and Richard Nixon, but only three Arab nations sent representatives, and only Sudan's head of state attended. Sadat was succeeded by his vice-president Hosni Mubarak.


title: Hymn

text: A hymn is a religious song of worship in Christianity, or a sacred song. Collections of hymns are known as hymnals.


title: Cheque

text: A cheque (or "check") is a paper used to give money from one person or business to another person or business. To the person getting the cheque, it is a paper that allows them to go to a bank and get money. To the person writing the cheque, it is a promise to pay the bank that is giving the money to the person who turned the cheque in.


title: Cheque

text: Cheques must be written to a person or business. A cheque that is not written to anyone can be very bad because if it is lost, anyone who finds it can get the money. A cheque that is written to a person but does not have the amount of money written is a blank cheque.


title: Cheque

text: Cheques have been used since over a thousand years ago. However, they became popular in the 20th century for paying money without using cash.


title: Cheque

text: When more people started to use cheques, more things were added to make them more secure and easy to track. They started to require the drawer's signature to be confirmed. The signature on a cheque is the main way to tell if a cheque is real. Cheques also started to need the amount written in words and numbers. This made it harder to make mistakes and harder to change the cheque after it was already written.


title: Cheque

text: Issue dates have also been added to cheques. A cheque is invalid if a long time has passed since the issue date. A cheque with an issue date in the past is called an antedated cheque. A cheque with an issue date in the future is called a post-dated cheque. Usually, a person cannot get money from a post-dated cheque until after the issue date has passed.


title: Cheque

text: Cheque numbers are also used often. Every cheque has a different cheque number. This is to make sure people can't get money twice from one cheque.


title: Marburg

text: Marburg is a city in Hesse, Germany, on the Lahn river. It is the main town of the Marburg-Biedenkopf Rural District. It has about 80,000 inhabitants and a small, but well-known university, the Philipps-University.


title: Ionic bond

text: An ionic bond is the electrostatic forces of attraction between a non-metal and a metal ion in a giant ionic crystal lattice. This occurs when charged atoms (ions) attract. This happens after a metal atom loses one or more of its electrons to the non-metal atom. The greater the difference in charge between the metal and non-metal ion, the stronger the ionic bond. A maximum of three electrons can be transferred in the process.


title: Marburg

text: The upper part of Old town, near the castle and above the former village 'Weidenhausen' at river Lahn and a bridge is called 'Oberstadt' (upper town).


title: Ionic bond

text: A metal atom becomes a positive cation because it loses electron(s). A non-metal atom becomes a negative anion as it gains electron(s). This occurs, for example, when sodium and chlorine join to form common table salt, NaCl. First, sodium atoms (Na) oxidize and lose an electron to form positively charged sodium ions (Na). Chlorine atoms gain the electrons from the sodium atoms to form negatively charged chloride ions (Cl). Both ions are now oppositely charged and they are held by strong electrostatic forces of attraction.


title: Marburg

text: The Lahn valley is surrounded by hill chains called "Lahnberge" and "Marburger Rücken" in the Central Uplands (Mittelgebirge), part of West Hesse Highlands. The city districts Cyriaxweimar, Elnhausen, Michelbach and Schröck are on the other side of these two hill chains.


title: Windows CE

text: Windows CE (also known officially as Windows Embedded Compact post version 6.0, and sometimes abbreviated WinCE) is Microsoft's operating system for embedded devices and minimal computers. Windows CE is a different operating system and kernel. It is not a trimmed-down version of desktop Windows. It is not Windows XP Embedded which is NT-based.


title: Sex industry

text: Sex industry, other names: "adult industry" or "porn industry", is a (business) activity that is dealing with sexual entertainment, like pornography, prostitution etc.


title: Windows CE

text: The Zune portable media player, as well as the Windows Mobile and Windows Phone 7 smartphone platforms are based on Windows CE.


title: Windows CE

text: Version 8, or Windows Embedded Compact 2013, released in June 2013 as of 2022 is the only still supported version (until October 10, 2023). However, since October 9, 2018, when Windows Embedded Compact 2013 reached the end of mainstream support, that was the end of mainstream support for Windows CE evolution.


title: Shawn Ashmore

text: Shawn Robert Ashmore (born October 7, 1979) is a Canadian movie and television actor. He is best known for his roles as Jake Berenson in the television series "Animorphs", Agent Mike Weston in the television drama series "The Following", and Bobby Drake / Iceman in the "X-Men" movie series. He is the identical twin brother of actor Aaron Ashmore.


title: Loona

text: Loona (written as LOOΠΔ, ; ) is a South Korean girl group formed by Blockberry Creative. The group was first shown to the public through a project which began in October 2016, where each of the twelve members were revealed one after another by releasing a single over the next eighteen months. The members have formed three sub-units: Loona 1/3, Loona Odd Eye Circle and Loona yyxy. They started as a full group with the extended play, "[+ +]" (2018), supported by the lead single "favOriTe" and the title track "Hi High."


title: Loona

text: Loona's English name comes from the Hangul letters ㅇㄷㅇㅅㄴ, each an initial consonant in the syllabic blocks that make ("Idarui Sonyeo"). When changed to ㄴㅇㅇㄷㅅ, it looks like LOONA in the Latin alphabet.


title: Loona

text: On October 2, 2016, Blockberry Creative announced through Naver that they would be forming their first girl group through an 18-month long project. Between October 2016 and January 2017, four members (HeeJin, HyunJin, HaSeul, and YeoJin) joined the group; each member released a single album usually having a solo track and another track performed with other members, under the group's Korean name "Idarui Sonyeo" (). In March 2017, the group's first sub-unit, Loona 1/3, was introduced, made up of previous members HeeJin, HyunJin, HaSeul and a new member, ViVi. Loona 1/3 released the extended play "Love & Live" with a single of the same name on March 13, 2017, with a television promotion on SBS's "Inkigayo", On April 27, they released a repackaged version of the extended play, titled "Love & Evil", with the single "Sonatine". "Love & Live" and its reissued version reached number 10 and 24 respectively on South Korea's Gaon Album Chart.


title: Loona

text: Between April 2017 and July 2017, members ViVi, Kim Lip, JinSoul, and Choerry released their single albums, continuing the same "Girl of the Month" pattern. In September 2017, three members, HeeJin, HyunJin and HaSeul, auditioned for JTBC's reality show "Mix Nine"; HeeJin and HyunJin passed the audition stage making it onto the show, where HyunJin placed Top 18 and HeeJin placed fourth in the finale. The group's second sub-unit, Loona Odd Eye Circle, consisting of JinSoul, Kim Lip and Choerry, released the extended play "Mix & Match" and its single "Girl Front" on September 21, 2017, and began promotions on Mnet's "M Countdown". The English version of their song "Loonatic" was released on October 23. On October 31, they released a repackaged version of the extended play, titled "Max & Match", with three new songs including the single "Sweet Crazy Love". "Mix & Match" and the repackaged version peaked at number 16 and 7 respectively on the Gaon Album Chart.


title: Loona

text: Between November 2017 and January 2018, they released the solo single albums for new members Yves, Chuu, and Go Won, continuing the monthly pattern along with the digital single "The Carol 2.0" sung by Yves, Vivi, and Choerry. In March 2018, they released the solo single album for final member, Chandler Hye. On May 30, 2018, the group's third sub-unit, Loona yyxy, made their debut with the extended play "Beauty & the Beat". The single "love4eva" featuring Canadian musician Grimes was released the same day with a music video. The extended play reached number 4 on the Gaon Album Chart.


title: Loona

text: On August 7, 2018, Loona released a digital single titled "favOriTe", the group's first song to feature all twelve members, with a music video focusing on the group's dancing.


title: Loona

text: On August 15, Blockberry published the official tracklist for "[+ +]" (read as "plus plus") as their debut extended play as a full group. The extended play included "Favorite" and was released on August 20, 2018 alongside the title track, "Hi High". It started at number 2 on South Korea's Gaon Album Chart, and was the second best-selling debut album by a girl group in 2018. "[+ +]" was repackaged as "[X X]" (read as "multiple multiple") on February 19, 2019, with six more tracks, including a new single, "Butterfly". On August 17, 2019, Loona made their first appearance in the United States, performing at KCON 2019 in Los Angeles. On December 13, 2019, Loona released a single called "365" as an appreciation song for their fans.


title: Loona

text: On January 7, 2020, Blockberry Creative announced that leader HaSeul would not take part in promotions of the next album due to mental health problems. She was said to be diagnosed with “intermittent anxiety symptoms” and would be taking time to take care of her health. On February 5, 2020, Loona released their second EP titled "[#]" (read as "hash"), along with the title track "So What". Although HaSeul did not help with the title track, her vocals are featured on three of the songs on the album, including "365". The EP debuted at number 2 on the Gaon Album Chart, and has become the group's best selling album to date. On March 12, 2020, Loona took their first music show trophy with "So What" on Mnet's "M Countdown".


title: Loona

text: On September 17, Loona was set to be releasing their third EP titled "]" (read as "midnight") on October 19. Blockberry Creative said that Haseul will not be a part of the comeback, out of her own decision to take care of the recovery of her health.


title: Pablo Neruda

text: Pablo Neruda (July 12, 1904 – September 23, 1973) was a Chilean poet. He won the Nobel Prize for literature in 1971. He wrote in Spanish. Most of his works have been translated into many other languages.


title: Pablo Neruda

text: Neruda was born in the City of Parral in Chile on July 12, 1904 born under the name Ricardo Neftali Reyes. Neruda’s mother died shortly after he was born, but the child, Neruda came to love his stepmother (Dona Trinidad Candia Malverde) as if she had been his real mother. Neruda started to write poetry as a young boy against the wishes of his father who wanted him to focus on mathematics - so he could become a teacher. In his youth he became a great admirer of the poetry of Jan Neruda and Paul Verlaine and chose the pen name of Pablo Neruda after Paul Verlaine (Pablo is the Spanish version of Paul) and Jan Neruda.


title: Pablo Neruda

text: Neruda was mainly interested in literature and writing poems, which he would mail out to magazines; to prevent his parents from discovering that he was doing this he changed his name to Pablo Neruda. In 1920 Neruda moved to Santiago to study French at the University of Chile, which he did to please his parents who wanted him to become a teacher. Soon Neruda became deeply involved in his poetry and in 1923 he published his first book: Crepusculario(Twilight Book).


title: Pablo Neruda

text: After a number of years Neruda became a very famous person in his country and the world and was assigned diplomatic posts in various countries for long periods of time, such as Indonesia, Spain and France.


title: Pablo Neruda

text: Neruda was suffering from cancer when he died of heart failure in hospital at the age of 69 on September 23, 1973 about a fortnight after the overthrow of Salvador Allende by military forces led by Pinochet. Many people today believe Neruda may have been poisoned by Pinochet's secret police, DINA, who feared Neruda's prominence and influence in creating an opposition to the military dictatorship. Neruda had a number of siblings, he had a sister that was stillborn when he was 3 or 4 years old and from his father's second marriage, a stepbrother, Ricardo Reyes Candia, and a stepsister, Laura Reyes Candia, - both children from his "mother" Trinidad Candia and his father DonReyes.


title: Pablo Neruda

text: Some of Neruda’s dog and also Tierney poetry is very difficult to understand because they are about events of World history such as the colonization of America, the Spanish Civil War, Nazi Germany and other conflicts. Neruda also references (mentions) important figures of World history. In some of his poetry Neruda tends to link historical events from different eras (periods of history) and different parts of the world into one major conflict as in his "Canto General" (1950).


title: Pablo Neruda

text: But Neruda also wrote poetry that can be easily appreciated by all, such as his odes which Neruda wrote on all sorts of common things, such onions, lemons, and the common cat.


title: Pablo Neruda

text: Neruda was very concerned in how his poetry sounded, he liked rhythm and many claim he had a “musical intelligence” i.e. he wrote with music in his mind. He would record many of his poems on a tape recorder and many of his recordings were sold like records in the Spanish speaking world.


title: Pablo Neruda

text: Many academics and scholars consider Neruda to be one of the most important and widely read poets of the 1900s. Many go as far as to place him alongside Shakespeare and Dante. This is probably because Neruda wrote poems on all sorts of topics, appealing to people of all ages and interests: poems about love, on historical events (like wars), he wrote about native people, about nature and about simple things.


title: Pablo Neruda

text: Neruda was also an avid collector of all sorts of things. He had one of the largest collections of seashells in the world and collected bottles, model ships, water taps - among other odd objects.


title: Pablo Neruda

text: Many of Neruda’s poems have been used in movies and in music, such as in the classical music of the Greek composer Mikis Theodorakis, and in the movies, such as "Il Postino" or "Patch Adams". Many famous people have also recorded narrations (spoken word) of his poems, such as Julia Roberts, Madonna, Andy Garcia, and Glen Close. Also, he fought his whole life for the freedom of others.


title: Emirates (airline)

text: Emirates is an airline based in the United Arab Emirates. They are a subsidiary of The Emirates Group. They are the seventh biggest airline in the world, by number of passengers. Emirates Airline is the largest major airline in the Middle East. It is an airline based in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. It runs more than 2400 passenger flights per week from its hub at Dubai International Airport Terminal 3, to 108 places in 60 countries. It goes to countries on six continents. Emirates is a part of The Emirates Group, which has more than 50,000 employees, and is owned fully by the Government of Dubai directly under the Investment Corporation of Dubai. Cargo activities are done by the Emirates Group's Emirates SkyCargo division.


title: Emirates (airline)

text: Abidjan, Accra, Addis Ababa, Algiers, Cairo, Cape Town, Casablanca, Conakry, Dakar, Dar es Salaam, Djibouti (cargo), Durban, Eldoret (cargo), Entebbe, Harare, Johannesburg, Khartoum, Lagos, Lilongwe (cargo), Luanda, Lusaka, Mauritius, Nairobi, Seychelles, Tripoli, Tunis


title: Emirates (airline)

text: Boston, Buenos Aires, Campinas (cargo), Chicago (cargo), Dallas/Fort Worth, Houston, Los Angeles, New York, Newark, Orlando, Rio de Janeiro, San Francisco, São Paulo, Seattle, Toronto, Washington–Dulles


title: Emirates (airline)

text: Ahmedabad, Almaty (cargo), Amman, Baghdad, Bahrain, Bangalore, Bangkok, Basra, Beijing, Beirut, Chennai, Chittagong (cargo), Clark, Cochin, Colombo, Dammam, Delhi, Dhahran, Dhaka, Dubai, Erbil, Guangzhou, Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, Hong Kong, Hyderabad, Islamabad, Jakarta, Jeddah, Kabul, Karachi, Kolkata, Kozhikode, Kuala Lumpur, Kuwait City, Lahore, Maldives, Manila, Medina, Mumbai, Muscat, Osaka, Peshawar, Phuket, Riyadh, Sana'a, Seoul, Shanghai, Sialkot, Singapore, Taipei, Tehran, Tokyo, Thiruvanathapuram


title: Emirates (airline)

text: Amsterdam, Athens, Barcelona, Birmingham, Copenhagen, Dublin, Düsseldorf, Frankfurt, Geneva, Glasgow, Gothenburg (cargo), Hamburg, Istanbul, Kiev, Larnaca, Lisbon, London, Lyon, Madrid, Malta, Manchester, Milan, Moscow, Munich, Newcastle, Nice, Paris, Prague, Rome, Saint Petersburg, Stockholm, Venice, Vienna, Warsaw, Zaragoza (cargo), Zurich


title: Serial ATA

text: Serial ATA (SATA or Serial Advanced Technology Attachment) is a standard that has been defined to connect storage devices or optical drives to a computer. The most common standard that was used beforehand was called ATA or IDE; it has been renamed PATA. The main difference between the two lies in the cables: SATA cables have seven wires, PATA cables have 40 or 80. Another difference is that with SATA, there is one cable for each device, while with PATA, all devices are connected to the same cable.


title: Serial ATA

text: As of 2022, almost all desktop computers have a SATA interface. PATA is very rare nowadays, but some old computers still use it. Computers that still use PATA are mostly used for industrial applications and embedded systems. Some computers (mostly laptops) do not have a SATA interface. They have an M.2 NVME interface to connect NVME SSDs which are based on the PCIE standard. Some laptops also have an embedded flash memory. SATA will most likely disappear from laptops (and some computers) in the future and be replaced with M.2 NVME SSDs.


title: Serial ATA

text: Electric signals transmitted on a parallel bus made of several wires will influence each other, if the transfer speed is increased. This phenomenon is known as crosstalk. Another problem with PATA is that the termination of the bus is not specified. Serial ATA uses low-voltage differential signaling, which avoids most of these problems.


title: Serial ATA

text: Serial ATA uses 8B/10B encoding. This means that 10 bits are used to transfer 8 bits. The first standard of SATA used 1.5 GBit/second transfer speed (or 1.2 GBit/second usable data rate). This is only slightly faster than the last PATA standard (ATA/133). Later standards doubled this rate, at almost every revision. These values are transfer speeds, because of signalling, the usable speed is 25% lower.


title: Serial ATA

text: Other benefits are that SATA cables are much easier to handle than PATA cables. Some SATA drives can also be connected and disconnected while the computer is running. This is called hot swapping. Finally, some drives support a technology called "Native Command Queueing". This means that the drive can rearrange the order of what it's told to do so that it gets done faster.


title: Serial ATA

text: From the first version, SATA has been fast enough for hard drives. The data needs to be read from a number of locations on the drive. Between the locations, the electronic device used for reading and writing has to be repositioned. Even with current drives, this does not happen fast enough so that the 1.2 Gbit/s poses a problem.


title: Serial ATA

text: SATA Express is a version of the SATA standard that uses the same protocol as PCI Express. Current solid state drives (SSDs) are able to saturate SATA III, specified at 6 Gbit/s. For this reason SATA Express has been introduced.


title: Serial ATA

text: Diffferent versions of the Serial ATA standard are compatible with each other. This means that older devices can be operated on a newer controller, but they will only support the features and speed of the standard for which they were built. Similarly, devices built for a newer standard can be operated on an older controller. In this case, the controller is the limiting factor, and some of the newer functions may not be supported. An SAS (Serial Attached SCSI) controller is compatible with SATA drives, but a SATA controller is not compatible with SAS drives.


title: Serial ATA

text: At the level of the operating system, SATA and PATA devices can be made to look the same. At the physical level, they are incompatible however.


title: Serial ATA

text: To be usable, the devices using SATA need to be connected to the motherboard. This is probably the most visible difference between SATA and PATA. SATA drives have two different connectors, One connection is for transmitting the data and the other connection is for transmitting power. In some cases, both have been combined into one cable, to connect external drives. The normal case though is that two different connectors are used. Some connectors can be locked in place.


title: Serial ATA

text: PATA specified that power is transmitted using a 4 pin Molex connector. With SATA, this connector. The 4 pin Molex connector has also been used to power floppy drives. SATA changed this connector. With SATA, the power connector and the data connector look similar, but the power connector is wider than the data connector. The standard power connector has 15 pins. It is used for standard 3.5 inch and 2.5 inch drives.


title: Serial ATA

text: Smaller form factors can also use a smaller power connector, It has six pins and a coding notch. For smaller drives, there is a connector with 8 pins. A coding notch makes sure that the power connector cannot be connected to the plug which transfers the data.


title: Serial ATA

text: As with the power connector, there are different versions of the data connector, for different applications. The standard connector has 7 pins, and is used for 3.5" and 2.5" drives. The most common other form factors are mSATA, and M.2 (or NGFF).


title: Serial ATA

text: eSATA is a version of SATA which is used to connect external drives. Its plugs are more robust, and its cables are more rugged. In this market, SATA competes with other standards, such as USB or Firewire. Many external drives are standard SATA drives in an external case. To be able to communicate over USB or Firewire, an extra electronic board is needed. This board translates between SATA and the external interface. When eSATA is used, no translation is necessary. Using USB or Firewire may have other benefits though.


title: Serial ATA

text: There also is a version of eSATA called eSATAp. It combines the pins of the USB, those of SATA, and those of the power connector. This makes it possible to directly connect SATA or USB drives externally, with only one cable. In addition to the data, power is also transmitted over this cable, so no extra power connection is necessary.


The United States Secretary of Health and Human Services is the head of the United States Department of Health and Human Services, concerned with "health matters." The Secretary is a member of the President's Cabinet.


title: Naïve

text: Naïve (pronounce: "na-EEV") is a French word which is used in English to mean that someone is very simple and does not understand about the dangers around them. Someone who is naïve does not have enough experience of life to know about things he or she ought to know; for example, they may be very trusting, not realizing that some people in the world are evil and that some situations are perilous.


title: Naïve

text: The word is sometimes spelt in English without the French double dot on the letter i, "naive", due to the default settings for typing in English lacking it. It is an adjective. The noun is naïveté, but is sometimes spelt naïvety in English. It is similar in meaning to the word "innocent" and is not always a negative quality in that being naïve implies a lack of acquired prejudice.


title: Naïve

text: The word naïve is used in other special ways in the arts and sciences. It often means "lack of experience", but it does not necessarily mean it in a critical way.


title: Exogeny

text: Exogeny refers to coming from the outside. People, planets, computers, and anything else can be influenced either by things in its environment or by things within itself. Things from within itself are indigenous.


title: Exogeny

text: The Earth is shaped by many geological processes. The forces that make these things happen come from both inside and outside the Earth.


title: Exogeny

text: In geology, exogenous processes come from forces "on or above" the Earth's surface. Processes caused by forces from "within" the Earth are endogenous processes. "Exo" is a prefix meaning "out", and "endo" is a prefix meaning "in".


title: Exogeny

text: Many exogenous (extraterrestrial) forces are caused by other bodies in the Solar System. For example, the Moon causes tides in the Earth's oceans and other big bodies of water. Impacts from comets and meteoroids change the surface of the Earth. When they strike the Earth, they make craters in the ground.


title: Exogeny

text: The Sun is the main exogenous influence in the Solar System. It has many effects on Earth. Radiation from the Sun is a main cause of the surface temperature of the Earth, and for the growth of plant life. We are partly shielded from the Sun's solar wind by the Earth's magnetic field. Storms of solar particles would otherwise strip away the ozone layer which protects us from ultraviolet radiation. Sometimes we see aurorae, which are lights that can be seen at night near the poles.


title: Exogeny

text: An example of an exogenous process that is not as a result of bodies in space is erosion. Erosion is mostly made by precipitation such as rain and snow, and by wind.


title: Exogeny

text: There are three main endogenous geological processes: folding, faulting and volcanism. They take place mainly along the plate boundaries. These are the zones on the edges of plates. Endogenous processes cause many major landform features.


title: Erlenmeyer flask

text: An Erlenmeyer flask or conical flask is a kind of flask with a base in the shape of a cone and a short neck. It was first invented in 1861 by a German chemist named Richard Erlenmeyer. Erlenmeyer Flasks are used in laboratories.


title: Erlenmeyer flask

text: This type of flask is used as a container for chemical substances, or to heat or boil liquids. It does not allow liquids to spill easily. It is also used in titration.


title: Homo georgicus

text: Homo georgicus is a species of "Homo" that was proposed in 2002. It is based on fossil skulls and jaws found in Dmanisi, Georgia in 1999 and 2001, which seem intermediate between "Homo habilis" and "H. erectus".


title: Homo georgicus

text: A partial skeleton was discovered in 2001. The fossils are about 1.8 million years old. The remains were first discovered in 1991 by Georgian scientist, David Lordkipanidze, accompanied by an international team which unearthed the remains. Implements and animal bones were found alongside the ancient human remains.


title: Homo georgicus

text: At first, scientists thought they had found mandibles and skulls belonging to "Homo ergaster", but size differences led them to name a new species.


title: Homo georgicus

text: At around 600 cm³ brain volume, the skull D2700 is dated to 1.77 million years old and it is in good condition. The cranium was the smallest and most primitive Hominin skull ever discovered outside of Africa.


title: Homo georgicus

text: In Africa, the "Australopithecines" and early "Homo" represent two distinctive evolutionary paths sharing a common ancestor. In Georgia the specimens, with a brain half the size of anatomically modern humans, were the smallest found until the discovery of "Homo floresiensis" on the island of Flores in 2003.


title: Homo georgicus

text: There is a strong sexual dimorphism present, with males being significantly larger than females. This is a primitive trait, less obvious in more recent human species in Europe (i.e. "Homo antecessor", "Homo heidelbergensis" and "Homo neanderthalensis").


title: Homo georgicus

text: The small size of this species contrasts with the much larger size of "Homo erectus". "H. georgicus" was the first species of "Homo" to settle in Europe, some 800,000 years before "H. erectus".


title: Homo georgicus

text: Later, four fossil skeletons were found, showing a species primitive in its skull and upper body but with relatively advanced spines and lower limbs, providing greater mobility. They are now thought to represent a stage soon after the transition between "Australopithecus" and "Homo erectus", and have been dated at 1.8 million years before the present. The assemblage includes one of the largest Pleistocene Homo mandibles (D2600), one of the smallest Lower Pleistocene mandibles (D211), a nearly complete sub-adult (D2735), and a specimen without teeth (D3900).


title: Homo georgicus

text: "H. georgicus" is often classified as Homo erectus georgicus. The classical textbook definition of "H. erectus" included a brain size range of between 9001150 ccs. If the "georgicus" specimens and the Flores specimens ("Homo floresiensis") are included in "H. erectus", then the range of brain capacities is two-fold, from 600 ccs to 1150 ccs. "Homo ergaster" is also considered by some to be a subspecies of "H. erectus". Size has something to do with it: both the "georgicus" and "floriensis" were much smaller than the classic "erectus", which was as tall as modern man. The classification of all these species or subspecies is provisional at present, and still being debated.


title: Mob Psycho 100

text: An anime television series based on this manga produced by Bones. It was aired between July and September 2016. The English dub of the series was released by Funimation in December 2016. A second season of the anime series will air in January 7, 2019.


title: Video game crash of 1977

text: The video game crash of 1977 (also known as 1977 video game crash or the forgotten video game crash) is one of the first times the video game industry "crashed". This event is mostly attributed to Pong-clone home video game consoles, and such. Many video game companies went broke in this crash because they had to make their game consoles cheaper due to the high number of concurrent products. It is followed by the video game crash of 1983.


title: Val Kilmer

text: Val Kilmer (born December 31, 1959 in Los Angeles, California) is an American actor, best known for his roles in "Tombstone", "The Doors", "Heat" and "Batman Forever". He was married to Joanne Whalley from 1988 until they divorced in 1996. The couple had a daughter and son.


title: Val Kilmer

text: In January 2015, Kilmer was hospitalized for massive bleeding in his throat. In December 2017, Kilmer said he had a "two-year battle with throat cancer...and a procedure on his trachea has reduced his voice to a rasp and rendered him short of breath."


title: Steve Reeves

text: Stephen L. "Steve" Reeves (21 January 1926 - 1 May 2000) was an American bodybuilder and actor. He was born in Glasgow, Montana. He moved to California with his mother at age 10. He trained as a bodybuilder. He joined the US Army and served in the Pacific during World War II.


title: Steve Reeves

text: After the war, he pursued bodybuilding. In 1946, he won the title of Mr. Pacific Coast. Within the next four years he won the world's most famous titles, including Mr. America, Mr. World, and Mr. Universe.