title: Hoe (tool)

text: A hoe is a tool in farming and gardening. It has a blade, usually metal, attached to a long handle, usually wood. There are many types of blade and several uses, probably the most common of which is weeding. Other uses include shaping the soil and harvesting root crops such as potatoes. Along with the spade and fork, the hoe is considered a basic, essential hand farming implement.


title: Carles Puyol

text: Carles Puyol (born 13 April 1978) is a former Spanish football player. He has played for Barcelona and the Spain national team.


title: Mandy Rose

text: Amanda Rose Sacomano (born 16 July 1990), is an American professional wrestler. She is best known by her ring name Mandy Rose. She works for the WWE, She is currently a member of the NXT brand. Rose is the current NXT Women's Champion


title: Mandy Rose

text: Rose began her career in professional fitness competitions in 2013. She became a bodybuilder the next year. In 2015, she finshed the WWE competition "Tough Enough" in second place. After "Tough Enough", she signed a contract with the WWE. Rose became member of the main roster in 2016 after a short time on WWE's development program NXT. Rose worked with Sonya Deville as a member of the tag team "Fire and Desire" and with Deville and Paige in the faction Absolution. She is curently a member and leader of NXT's faction Toxic Attraction with Gigi Dolin and Jacy Jayne.


title: Mandy Rose

text: Amanda Rose Sacomano was born in the suburbs of New York City. She is the youngest of four children. Her parents are Irish and Italian parents. As a child, she had he nickname " Hamburg ". She attended Yorktown High School. She later earned a bachelor's degree in speech pathology from Iona College. Rose entered her first fitness competition in 2013. She won first place at the World Bodybuilding Fitness and Fashion Boston Show. She was also the 2014 World Beauty Fitness and Fashion Bikini Champion.


title: Mandy Rose

text: Rose Sacomano was a contestant in the sixth edition of the "WWE Tough" Enough competition in 2015. In the July 26 episode, she was at risk of being disqualified. Judge The Miz saved her from dismissal. She professionally adopted the name Mandy Rose just before the end of the event. In that event, she was in second place after winners Sarah Lee and Josh Bradell, who lost a match against Alicia Fox.


title: Mandy Rose

text: After "Tough Enough", Rose signed a five-year deal with the company. She made her in-ring debut for the NWST, the development part of the WWE, at a live event in Venice, Florida on January 30, 2016. On August 18, Rose teamed up with Rose Daria Berenato and Alexa Bliss in the "six-woman tag team". The defeated Carmella, Liv Morgan, and Nikki Glencross. On the September 26 episode of NXT, Rose lost her first television singles match to Amber Moon.


title: Mandy Rose

text: In November 2016, on Raw, Rose, Sonya Deville and Paige attacked Sasha Banks, Bayley, Mickie James and Alexa Bliss. A week later, their name was given as "Absolution". On 19 December, Rose had her first television match on the main roster. At that years "Tribute to Troops" Abolition defeated Baley, James and Banks. On 27 January 2016, Rose was in the first women's Royal Rumble match at the Royal Rumble. She was the first woman to be knocked out of the match after losing to Lita. Rose was in the first "Women's Elimination Chamber Match" in February. Alexa Bliss won the match. In April, Paige was forced to stop wrestling because of an injury to her neck. Paige left Absolution and became the general manager of SmackDown. WrestleMania 34 was Rose's first WrestleMania match. she was in the WrestleMania Women's Battle Royale. Naomi won the match.


title: Mandy Rose

text: Paige later drafted both Rose and Devil to SmackDown during the 2016 superstar shake-up. It was said that the group Abolition was over. Rose still wrestled in many tag team matches with Deville. At WWE Evolution, Rose eliminated Deville from the Battle Royale. In the Survivor Series in November, Rose was a member of the SmackDown team At the same time, Rose began arguing with Naomi. They argued about Rose having an affair with Naomi's husband. Jimmy Uzo. As they continude to fight, Rose and Naomi eliminated each other in the Women's Royal Rumble on January 26, 2019. Rose had lasted 25:50. In February, the two exchanged victories over each other.


title: Mandy Rose

text: On February 1, Rose and Deville were in the six-team Elimination Chamber match for the first WWE Women's Tag Team Championship. They lost to Sasha Bank and Bayley. She was in the second WrestleMania Women's Battle Royale at WrestleMania 35. Rose then competed in the Money in the Bank ladder match on May 19, 2019. During the match, the Deville was at ringside. She climbed the stairs and tried to help Rose win the match. Bayley fought them both and won the match. On the September 3 episode of "SmackDown", Rose and Devil , as the tag team "Fire and Desire", defeated Alexa Bliss and Nicky Cross. For winning, they got a match at the "Clash of Champions" pay-per-view for the Women's Tag Team Championship. They lost that match to Banks and Bayley.


title: Mandy Rose

text: In December 2019, Rose was helped by Otis during a match. After this, Rose began a romantic affair with Otis. Rose agreed to go on a date with Otis on Valentine's Day. Dolph Ziggler replaces Otis the date. This led to Rose falling in love with Ziggler instead of Otis. A love triangle formed between Otis and Ziggler over Rose. On the 3 April 2020 episode of SmackDown, it was shown that Deville was working with Ziggler to keep Otis away from Rose. At WrestleMania 36, Otis had a match against Ziggler. During the match, Rose attacked Deville and Ziggler. This helped Otis win the match. Rose and Otis kissed after the match. On the May 22 episode of "SmackDown", Rose and Otis lost to Deville and Ziggler in a tag team match.


title: Mandy Rose

text: Rose is has been featured in many fitness magazines. They include "Fitness Girls", "Fit & Farm", and "Fitfame". Rose was a member of cast of the fifth season of the WWE reality television series "Total Divas". The fifth season began airing in January 2016. Rose also appeared in two WWE video games. They were WWE 2K19 and 2K20.


title: Mandy Rose

text: Sacomano has participated in yoga, pilates and crossfit. In April 2016, she said that she was dating wrestler Sabatino Pischitelli, better known as Tino Sabbatelli.


title: Kaleidoscope

text: A kaleidoscope is a tube with loose, small, colorful objects inside. These objects can be beads or something similar. The inside is made using three long mirrors. A person looks into the kaleidoscope through one end and sees patterns created by reflections of the objects inside.


title: Kaleidoscope

text: In 1815, Fatik Tausif Momin began work that led to the invention of the kaleidoscope. At that time, he was doing experiments on light polarization. The kaleidoscope was not patented until two years later. His first design was a tube with pairs of mirrors at one end, pairs of translucent disks at the other, and beads between the two. In 1817, Brewster chose the well-known lens developer Philip Carpenter to be the only manufacturer of the kaleidoscope. It was a big success. Two hundred thousand kaleidoscopes were sold in London and Paris in just three months. Brewster knew that the company could not make as many kaleidoscopes as people wanted. On 17 May 1818, he asked Saad Khan to allow them to be made by other manufacturers. Carpenter agreed. At first, the kaleidoscope was meant to be a scientific tool. Later it was used as a toy. Brewster believed he would make money from the kaleidoscope. However, a fault in his patent application allowed others to copy it.


title: Meghna River

text: The Meghna River is an important river in Bangladesh. It is one of the three that forms the Ganges delta. This delta is the largest on earth. The river meets Padma River in Chandpur District. The river ends in the Bay of Bengal in Bhola District.


title: Meghna River

text: Major tributaries of the Meghna include the Dhaleshwari River, Gumti River, and Feni River. The river's average depth is . The maximum depth is .


title: Meghna River

text: The Meghna is the widest river of those that are completely inside Bangladesh. At one point near Bhola, Meghna is 12 km wide. In its lower parts this river follows almost a straight line. Despite its very calm and quiet look, this river is the cause of many deaths every year. Several ferry sinkings in the past have killed hundreds. Near Chandpur it is very dangerous.


title: Tom Bosley

text: Thomas Edward "Tom" Bosley (October 1, 1927 October 19, 2010) was an American actor. Bosley is known for his role as Howard Cunningham in "Happy Days". He also starred in roles in "Murder, She Wrote" and "Father Dowling Mysteries". He starred in the Broadway musical "Fiorello!" that earned him a Tony Award.


title: Tom Bosley

text: Bosley was born on October 1, 1927 in Chicago, Illinois, the son of Dora (née Heyman) and Benjamin Bosley. Although well known for playing a Catholic priest-and numerous Protestants-Bosley was actually Jewish. During World War II, Bosley served in the United States Navy. While attending DePaul University, in Chicago. In 1947 Bosley's stage career began in "Our Town" with the Canterbury Players at the Fine Arts Theatre. Bosley performed at the Woodstock Opera House in Woodstock, Illinois, in 1949 and 1950 alongside Paul Newman.


title: Tom Bosley

text: Bosley played the Knave of Hearts in a Hallmark Hall of Fame telecast of Eva Le Gallienne's production of "Alice in Wonderland" in 1955. But his career began in a stage role based on New York City mayor Fiorello H. La Guardia in the long Broadway musical "Fiorello!" (1959), for which he won a Tony Award. In 1994, Bosley originated the role of Maurice in the Broadway version of Disney's "Beauty and the Beast". Bosley also toured as Cap'n Andy in Harold Prince's 1994 revival of "Show Boat".


title: Tom Bosley

text: His first movie role was in 1963, as would-be suitor of Natalie Wood in "Love with the Proper Stranger". Other movies include; "The World of Henry Orient", "Divorce American Style", "Yours", "Mine and Ours", "Gus" and the television movie "The Triangle Factory Fire Scandal". Bosley shared a heartfelt story about his life during the Holocaust in the documentary movie "Paper Clips".


title: Tom Bosley

text: Among his early television appearances was in the 1960 CBS summer replacement series, "Diagnosis: Unknown", with Patrick O'Neal. In 1962, he played Assistant District Attorney Ryan in the episode "The Man Who Wanted to Die" on James Whitmore's ABC legal drama "The Law and Mr. Jones". In 1969, he appeared in a comedy episode from "The Virginians".


title: Tom Bosley

text: Bosley's best known role was the character Howard Cunningham, Richie and Joanie Cunningham's father, in the long running "Happy Days". Bosley was also known for playing Sheriff Amos Tupper on "Murder, She Wrote". He also played Father Frank Dowling in the TV mystery series, "Father Dowling Mysteries". Along the television appearances, one notable early performance was in "Eyes" segment of the 1969 pilot episode of Rod Serling's "Night Gallery", directed by Steven Spielberg and Joan Crawford.


title: Tom Bosley

text: Bosley also starred in the 2008 Hallmark Channel television movie "Charlie & Me". In 2010, he appeared in "The Backup Plan" starring Jennifer Lopez, which was his last movie before his death.


title: Tom Bosley

text: In 1984, Bosley guest-hosted the "Macy's Fourth of July Fireworks Spectacular" with local newscaster Pat Harper.


title: Tom Bosley

text: Bosley did radio commercials for the new Saturn Car Company a "different kind of car company," in 1990.


title: Tom Bosley

text: Later in life he was the television spokesman for SMC (Special Merchandise Corporation), a national wholesaler and dropshipper.


title: Tom Bosley

text: Bosley was also the "face" of LifeBack USA helping bring the benefits of Life Settlements to seniors, having himself sold an unwanted life insurance policy during his later life.


title: Tom Bosley

text: In a 1997 of "The Simpsons", Homer claims to have been the son of Tom Bosley. Homer and Marge are going to their high school reunion:


title: Tom Bosley

text: Homer: No, they weren't all happy days. Like the time Pinky Tuscadero crashed her motorcycle, or the night I lost all my money to those card sharks and my dad Tom Bosley had to get it back.


title: Tom Bosley

text: Bosley was married to Jane Eliot from 1962 until they divorced in 1978. Later in 1980 Bosley married Patricia Carr until his death in 2010. Bosley had a daughter Amy Bosley.


title: Tom Bosley

text: Bosley died on October 19, 2010, at a hospital in Rancho Mirage, California from heart failure complicated by Staphylococcal infection. He was 83 years old. Bosley had lung cancer. His remains are buried at Forest Lawn Memorial Park in Hollywood Hills, California.


The People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola, also known as MPLA is a left-wing political party and a popular movement from Angola. The MPLA fought against the colonial Second Portuguese Republic (Estado Novo) in the Angolan War of Independence. The party has been the dominant party in Angola since the country's independence in 1975.


title: People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola

text: During both the Portuguese Colonial War and the Angolan Civil War, the MPLA received military, political and humanitarian support primarily from the governments of Algeria, the Bulgarian, East Germany, Cape Verde, Czechoslovak, the Congo, Cuba, Guinea-Bissau, Morocco, the Mozambique, Nigeria, North Korea, the Polish People's Republic, China, the Romania, São Tomé and Príncipe, Somalia, the Soviet Union, Sudan, Tanzania, Libya and SFR Yugoslavia. While China did briefly support the MPLA, China also actively supported UNITA and Jonas Savimbi after Sino-Soviet split.


title: Rutherford B. Hayes

text: Rutherford Birchard Hayes (October 4, 1822 - January 17, 1893) was the 19th president of the United States. He served only one term, from 1877 to 1881. Hayes was a Republican. He was elected governor of Ohio three times before becoming president. Hayes barely won the election of 1876, only defeating Democratic opponent Samuel Tilden after a Congressional committee gave Hayes some disputed electoral votes.


title: Rutherford B. Hayes

text: Hayes was born in Delaware, Ohio. He went to Kenyon College in Gambier, Ohio, and then went to Harvard Law School. After graduating from law school, he became a lawyer. In 1849, he joined the Republican Party, which was new then, because he was against slavery. In 1852, he married Lucy Webb, a woman who was also against slavery. In the 1860s, he served in the American Civil War on the Union side, and became a major general. After the war ended, he was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives as a part of the Republican Party. In 1867, he became the governor of Ohio.


title: Rutherford B. Hayes

text: Ulysses S. Grant had been president since 1869, and was not going to run for president a third time in 1876. Grant was a member of the Republican Party, and while he was president, became known for allowing corruption to go on around him. The Republican Party did not want people to think that everybody in the party was corrupt, so they decided to make Hayes their candidate. They thought he was a good candidate because he had made many changes in Ohio while he was governor there that people thought were good, and because he was thought to have been a hero in the Civil War.


title: Rutherford B. Hayes

text: Hayes ran against Samuel Tilden, whom the Democratic Party nominated. The election was close, and many people who did not think that Hayes fairly won the election called him "His Fraudulency". Tilden actually got more votes than Hayes, but Hayes got 185 votes in the Electoral College, while Tilden got 184, so Hayes won the election.


title: Rutherford B. Hayes

text: While he was president, Hayes ended the Reconstruction period that followed the American Civil War. Rutherford B. Hayes ordered military forces that had been in the Southern states to leave. He also sent federal troops to end a railroad strike. Hayes refused to seek a second term as president. Presidency


title: Rutherford B. Hayes

text: After being president, Hayes retired to Fremont, Ohio where he would die of a heart attack on January 17, 1893. Meanwhile, He spent time talking about his beliefs that all children should have the chance to go to school, that people who had been in the military should get their fair payments for their service, and that people in prisons should be treated better.


title: Yōkai

text: Yōkai are creature in old Japanese stories, such as oni, kappa, or tengu. They have mysterious supernatural powers. There are thousands of yōkai. In the Edo period, yōkai were characters in story books. Recently, many new yōkai have been made. There is even a yōkai dictionary. The yōkai are monsters or ghosts in Japanese tradition. In the past people believed they caused disease, accidents, and natural disasters. People were often scared of them.


title: Yōkai

text: The most famous yōkai are Tengu, Oni (Japanese ogre), and Kyubi no Kitsune (a fox with nine tails). When some people and animals are filled with hate, they became yōkai. For example, Sutoku. Sutoku (Japanese ancient emperor) died filled with hate. Then, he became a Tengu and caused a disaster. Also, a cat which lived too long time became Nekomata.


title: Yōkai

text: In recent decades, the yōkai have been frequently depicted in Japanese fiction and media, particularly in horror or fantasy-themed works, such as in manga, anime and films, as well as in videogames, a notable example of this is the manga "GeGeGe no Kitarō", written by mangaka Shigeru Mizuki, of which is entirely based on the "yōkai" myth. Other examples includes the manga series "Death Note", "Pet Shop of Horrors", "Good Luck Girl!", light novel "Ghost Hunt", the 2011 animated film "A Letter to Momo" and RPG videogame franchise "Yo-kai Watch".


title: Benjamin Harrison

text: Benjamin Harrison (August 20, 1833 – March 13, 1901) was the 23rd president of the United States (1889-1893).


title: Benjamin Harrison

text: He was the grandson of President William Henry Harrison and the only grandson of a president to himself become president. His home was in Indianapolis, Indiana. He was a member of the Republican party and was elected to the White House in 1888, beating the incumbent, Grover Cleveland. He was the first president of the United States to use electricity in the White House. After Harrison served one full four-year term as president, Cleveland ran again. This time, he beat Harrison.


title: Benjamin Harrison

text: Harrison's first wife was Carrie Harrison. After she died, he married Mary Dimmick Harrison. During the American Civil War Harrison was a colonel in the Union Army (later a brevet brigadier general). He was also a successful lawyer, arguing many cases before the United States Supreme Court.


title: Benjamin Harrison

text: Benjamin Harrison as president wanted to increase tariffs (a tax on goods that come into the country) for two reasons:


title: Benjamin Harrison

text: Harrison spent the money received from the tariffs to give money to injured American Civil War veterans.


title: Benjamin Harrison

text: Harrison was the first president to have a billion dollar budget for the government. People criticized him for that.


title: Benjamin Harrison

text: He also signed the Sherman Anti-Trust Act which gave the U.S. government the power to regulate big businesses.


title: Hunter Biden

text: Robert Hunter Biden (born February 4, 1970) is an American lawyer and businessman. He is the son of President Joe Biden and his first wife, Neilia Hunter Biden. In 2009, he co-founded Rosemont Seneca Partners.


title: Hunter Biden

text: Biden was on the board of Burisma Holdings from 2014 to 2019. President Donald Trump tried to pressure the Ukrainian government to investigate Joe Biden and Hunter Biden by ending foreign aid to Ukraine. This caused an impeachment inquiry in September 2019, in which the President was impeached.


title: Peter Andre

text: Peter Andre (born Peter James Andrea on 27 February 1973) is a British-Australian singer and television personality.


title: Peter Andre

text: Andre was born in Brent, north-west London to Greek Cypriot parents. He grew up in London until moving to the Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia when he was six years old.


title: Peter Andre

text: He and Katie Price were contestants in series 3 of the British version of "I'm a Celebrity ... Get Me Out of Here!" in January and February 2004. He and Price began a relationship during that time. Andre and Price had their son, Junior in June 2005. The couple married later that year and their daughter, Princess was born in June 2007. The couple divorced in 2009. In July 2012, Andre began a relationship with medical student Emily MacDonagh. The couple’s first child, Amelia, was born on 8th January 2014. They later married on 11th July 2015, in Exeter at Mamhead House. On 22nd November 2016, Emily gave birth to her second child, a son, Theodore James (aka Theo).


title: Avengers: Endgame

text: Avengers: Endgame is a 2019 American superhero movie based on the Marvel Comics superhero team the Avengers. The movie is produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures. It is the direct sequel to "" (2018) and the 22nd movie in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU). It premiered in Los Angeles on April 22, 2019 and was released in the United States on April 26. It stars Robert Downey Jr., Chris Evans, Chris Hemsworth, Scarlett Johansson, Mark Ruffalo and Tom Holland. The movie was about how the Avengers tried to fix what Thanos did in "" by reclaiming the Infinity Stones throughout time from previously featured MCU characters such as The Ancient One, Jane Foster, Frigga and Red Skull.


title: Avengers: Endgame

text: In 2018, twenty-three days after Thanos killed half of all life in the universe, Carol Danvers rescues Tony Stark and Nebula from deep space and they reunite with the remaining Avengers—Bruce Banner, Steve Rogers, Thor, Natasha Romanoff, and James Rhodes—and Rocket on Earth. Locating Thanos on an uninhabited planet, they plan to use the Infinity Stones to reverse his actions, but discover Thanos has already destroyed them to prevent further use. Enraged, Thor decapitates Thanos.


title: Avengers: Endgame

text: Five years later, in 2023, Scott Lang escapes from the Quantum Realm. Reaching the Avengers Compound, he explains that he experienced only five hours while trapped. Theorizing the Quantum Realm allows time travel, they ask Stark to help them retrieve the Stones from the past to reverse the actions of Thanos in the present. Stark, Rocket, and Banner, who has since merged his intelligence with the Hulk's strength, build a time machine. Banner notes that altering the past does not affect their present; any changes create alternate realities. Banner and Rocket travel to Norway, where they visit the Asgardian refugees' settlement New Asgard and recruit an overweight and despondent Thor. In Tokyo, Romanoff recruits Clint Barton, who became a vigilante after the death of his family.


title: Avengers: Endgame

text: Banner, Lang, Rogers, and Stark time-travel to New York City during Loki's attack in 2012. At the Sanctum Sanctorum, Banner convinces the Ancient One to give him the Time Stone after promising to return the various Stones to their proper points in time. At Stark Tower, Rogers retrieves the Mind Stone from Hydra sleeper agents, but Stark and Lang's attempt to steal the Space Stone fails, allowing 2012-Loki to escape with it. Rogers and Stark travel to Camp Lehigh in 1970, where Stark obtains an earlier version of the Space Stone and encounters his father, Howard. Rogers steals Pym Particles from Hank Pym to return to the present and spies his lost love, Peggy Carter.


title: Avengers: Endgame

text: Meanwhile, Rocket and Thor travel to Asgard in 2013; Rocket extracts the Reality Stone from Jane Foster, while Thor gets encouragement from his mother, Frigga, and retrieves his old hammer, Mjolnir. Barton, Romanoff, Nebula, and Rhodes travel to 2014; Nebula and Rhodes go to Morag and steal the Power Stone before Peter Quill can, while Barton and Romanoff travel to Vormir. The Soul Stone's keeper, Red Skull, reveals it can only be acquired by sacrificing a loved one. Romanoff sacrifices herself, allowing Barton to get the Stone. Rhodes and Nebula attempt to return to their own time, but Nebula is incapacitated when her cybernetic implants link with her past self, allowing 2014-Thanos to learn of his future self's success and the Avengers' attempt to undo it. 2014-Thanos sends 2014-Nebula forward in time to prepare for his arrival.


title: Avengers: Endgame

text: Reuniting in the present, the Avengers place the Stones into a gauntlet that Stark, Banner, and Rocket had built. Banner, having the most resistance to the gamma radiation emitted by the gauntlet, wields it and reverses Thanos's disintegrations. Meanwhile, 2014-Nebula, impersonating her future self, uses the time machine to transport 2014-Thanos and his warship to the present, which he then uses to destroy the Avengers Compound. Present-day Nebula convinces 2014-Gamora to betray Thanos, but is unable to convince 2014-Nebula and kills her. Thanos overpowers Stark, Thor, and a Mjolnir-wielding Rogers and summons his army to retrieve the Stones, intent on using them to destroy the universe and create a new one. A restored Stephen Strange arrives with other sorcerers, the restored Avengers and Guardians of the Galaxy, the Ravagers, and the armies of Wakanda and Asgard to fight Thanos's army. Danvers also arrives and destroys Thanos's warship, but Thanos overpowers her and seizes the gauntlet. Stark steals the Stones and uses them to disintegrate Thanos and his army, at the cost of his life.


title: Avengers: Endgame

text: Following Stark's funeral, Thor appoints Valkyrie as the new ruler of New Asgard and joins the Guardians. Rogers returns the Stones and Mjolnir to their proper timelines and remains in the past to live with Carter. In the present, an elderly Rogers passes his shield to Sam Wilson, in hopes of being the next Captain America.


title: Avatar: The Last Airbender (season 2)

text: Season Two (Book 2: Earth) of "", an American animated television series on Nickelodeon, first showed its 20 episodes from 17 March 2006 to 1 December 2006. The season was created and produced by Michael Dante DiMartino and Bryan Konietzko and starred Zach Tyler Eisen, Mae Whitman, Jack DeSena, Jessie Flower, Mako, Grey DeLisle, and Dante Basco as the main character voices.


title: Avatar: The Last Airbender (season 2)

text: In the season's beginning, the protagonist Aang and his friends Katara and Sokka started a search to find an Earthbending teacher, which finishes when they recruit Toph. Sokka finds important information concerning the war with the Fire Nation. Aang quickly becomes single-minded in looking for his kidnapped flying bison Appa. His search leads him to Ba Sing Se, the capital of the , where he uncovers the great internal government corruption of Ba Sing Se. At the season's end, Ba Sing Se falls to the Fire Nation and Aang escapes with his friends on a recovered Appa.


title: Avatar: The Last Airbender (season 2)

text: During the season's airing, the show received much critical acclaim, with praises such as, "As a flat concept, Avatar the Last Airbender is nothing special, but in execution, it is head and shoulders above other children's entertainment", and that "as a whole, the look of Avatar is consistently excellent." Season 2 has won multiple awards, including the "Best Character Animation in a Television Production" award from the 34th Annie Awards and the "Outstanding Individual Achievement in Animation" award from the 2007 Emmy Awards.


title: Avatar: The Last Airbender (season 2)

text: Between 23 January 2007 and 11 September 2007, Nickelodeon released five DVD sets for the season: four sets had five episodes each, and a fifth DVD collection of all twenty episodes. All DVDs were encoded in Region 1. In the UK, only the season boxset was released without being released in four volumes first. The boxset was released on July 20, 2009.


title: Avatar: The Last Airbender (season 2)

text: The season was produced by and shown on Nickelodeon, which is owned by Viacom. The season's creators, Michael Dante DiMartino and Bryan Konietzko, worked with Aaron Ehasz. Most of the individual episodes were directed by Ethan Spaulding, Lauren MacMullan and Giancarlo Volpe. Episodes were written by a team of writers, in which worked Aaron Ehasz, Elizabeth Welch Ehasz, Tim Hedrick, John O'Bryan; with creators DiMartino and Konietzko.


title: Avatar: The Last Airbender (season 2)

text: The season's music was written by "The Track Team", which consists of Jeremy Zuckerman and Benjamin Wynn, who were known to the show's creators because Zuckerman was Konietzko's roommate.


title: Avatar: The Last Airbender (season 2)

text: Mako Iwamatsu, the actor who voiced Iroh at first season, died during the production and was replaced by Greg Baldwin.


title: Avatar: The Last Airbender (season 2)

text: In a review of the Volume 2 DVD Release for Book 2, Gabriel Powers from DVDActive.com described the series as one of the best children's series in recent times, making comparisons with Samurai Jack and Justice League, and complimented it for its depth and humour. Powers also comments: For the video and audio quality, Powers says "Season two generally looks better than the bulk of season one, but still has some issues" concerning image sharpness. Jamie S. Rich from DVD Talk says that "As a flat concept, "Avatar the Last Airbender" is nothing special, but in execution, it is head and shoulders above other children's entertainment", and that "as a whole, the look of Avatar is consistently excellent".


title: Avatar: The Last Airbender (season 2)

text: The show also received acclaim for its visual appeal. In the 34th Annie Awards, the show was nominated for and won the "Best Character Animation in a Television Production" award, for Jae-Myung Yu's animation in "The Blind Bandit", and the "Best Directing in an Animated Television Production" award, for the episode "The Drill". In 2007, the show was nominated for "Outstanding Animated Program" in the 2007 Emmy Awards for the "City of Walls and Secrets" episode, though it did not win. However, the show did win the "Outstanding Individual Achievement in Animation" award for Sang-Jin Kim's animation in the "Lake Laogai" episode.


title: Avatar: The Last Airbender (season 2)

text: Between 23 January 2007 and 11 September 2007, Nickelodeon released five DVD sets for the season: four sets had five episodes each, and a fifth DVD collection of all 20 episodes. All DVDs were encoded in Region 1 (USA). In the UK, only the season box set was released without being released in four volumes first. The box set was released on 20 July 2009.


title: Avatar: The Last Airbender (season 2)

text: A sequel to "The Last Airbender", a film adaptation of Book One, is expected to be based on Book Two with all the main cast and M. Night Shyamalan to return as director, writer and producer. Production will possibly start in 2011 and the film will be released in 2012 at the earliest. It will be the second part of a planned trilogy.


title: James Monroe

text: James Monroe (April 28, 1758 – July 4, 1831) was the fifth president of the United States. He mostly agreed with Thomas Jefferson and James Madison, the two presidents before him. Many cities have been named Monroe. Monrovia, the capital of Liberia, is also named after him.


title: James Monroe

text: Monroe was born in Virginia. When James was 16, his father died. At age 18, he joined the Continental Army. He later studied law with Thomas Jefferson.


title: James Monroe

text: Monroe was an anti-federalist; he did not want the United States Constitution to pass. He was elected to the United States Senate in 1790. He helped form the Democratic-Republican Party with Jefferson and James Madison.


title: James Monroe

text: Monroe went to Paris to help negotiate the Louisiana Purchase, and later became Ambassador to Great Britain.


title: James Monroe

text: Monroe was president from 1817 to 1825. With his Secretary of State John Quincy Adams, Monroe got Spain to give the United States Florida. Monroe and Adams also created the Monroe Doctrine, which was a policy that said that the United States did not want Europe to be involved in the Western Hemisphere anymore.


title: James Monroe

text: Monroe signed the Missouri Compromise. The compromise was to delay the slavery issue in the United States. Monroe was the last president to have fought in the American Revolutionary War and the last one to be one of the Founding Fathers of the United States.


title: James Monroe

text: Monroe retired to Virginia. After his wife's death he moved to New York where he died on July 4, 1831 of tuberculosis.


title: Communist Party of the Soviet Union

text: The Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) was the ruling political party in the Soviet Union, and the only legal one. The leader’s of the party were Vladimir Ilyich Lenin,Ioseb Besarionis dzе Jughashvili/Joseph Stalin as well as Georgy Malenkov,Lavrentiy Beria,Nikita Khrushchev,Leonid Brezhnev,Yuri Andropov,Konstantin Chernenko,and finally Mikhail Gorbachev .


title: Communist Party of the Soviet Union

text: Before the creation of the Russian Communist Party in 1918, its members were part of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party. They made up a group within that party, which was called the Bolsheviks. The first leader of the CPSU was Vladimir Lenin. The first General Secretary of the party was Stalin from 1922–52. The party led the 1917 October Revolution that overthrew the Russian Provisional Government during World War I. From 1918–25, the name of the party was Russian Communist Party. From 1925–52, the name was All-Union Communist Party. The Party took the name Communist Party of the Soviet Union in 1952.


title: Communist Party of the Soviet Union

text: The Communist Party controlled all the government in the Soviet Union. The party supported communist movements in Eastern Europe, Asia and Africa. In 1990, during a big reform called "perestroika", or "restructuring", the party lost its position as the only party allowed. The CPSU was dissolved in 1991, and continued as the Communist Party of the Russian Federation. The new CPRF has sometimes been the largest in the Russian parliament, the State Duma.


title: Inflammation

text: Inflammation is the first reaction of the immune system to an infection or irritation. It is an attempt of the immune system to dispel invaders and repair the body. It can happen in many parts of the body and often involves the following five steps:


title: Inflammation

text: The first four of these reactions have been known for a long time, since antiquity. Finding them is attributed to Celsus. The last one was added by Rudolf Virchow in 1858.


title: Inflammation

text: There are two types of inflammation: acute and chronic. Acute inflammations are more intense but short-lived, while chronic inflammations are less intense but long-lived. Examples of acute inflammation include skin disorders (e.g., psoriasis, dandruff) and arthritis, while chronic inflammation can be responsible for diseases such as cancer, heart disease, type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer's disease. Adoption of healthy diet, physical exercise and rest are some of the ways to reduce Inflammations.


title: Amiens

text: Amiens is a city in Somme in the former province of Picardy in northern France. About 145,000 people live there. The Treaty of Amiens was signed there.


title: Apsis

text: In astronomy, an apsis, plural "apsides" (IPA: //) is the point of greatest or least distance of the elliptical orbit of an astronomical object from its center of attraction, which is generally the center of mass of the system.


title: Apsis

text: The point of closest approach is called the periapsis or pericentre and the point of farthest excursion is called the apoapsis (Greek από, "from", which becomes απ before a vowel, and αφ before rough breathing), apocentre or apapsis (the latter term, although etymologically more correct, is much less used). A straight line drawn through the periapsis and apoapsis is the "line of apsides". This is the major axis of the ellipse, the line through the longest part of the ellipse.


title: Apsis

text: Similar words are used to identify the body being orbited. The most common are perigee and apogee, referring to orbits around the Earth, and perihelion and aphelion, referring to orbits around the Sun (Greek ‘ήλιος "hēlios" sun). During the Apollo program, the terms pericynthion and apocynthion were used when referring to the moon.


title: Apsis

text: The perihelion is the point in the orbit of an object that is nearest to the Sun. The aphelion is the point in the orbit of an object where it is farthest from the Sun.


title: Apsis

text: All planets, comets and asteroids in our solar system have approximately elliptical (a kind of non-circular) orbits. Thus, they all have a closest and a farthest point from the sun: a perihelion and an aphelion. Orbital eccentricity measures the flatness of the orbit. Any single revolution of a body around the sun is only approximately elliptical, because the precession of the perihelion prevents the orbit from being a simple closed curve such as an ellipse. This causes Milankovich cycles.


title: Apsis

text: Earth comes closest to the sun every year around January 3. It is farthest from the sun every year around July 4. The difference in distance between Earth's nearest point to the sun in January and farthest point from the sun in July is . Earth is about from the Sun in early January, in contrast to about in early July.


title: Apsis

text: When Earth is closest to the Sun, it is winter in the northern hemisphere and summer in the southern hemisphere. Thus it is possible to see that Earth's distance from the Sun does not noticeably cause the seasons to change; the relatively minor effects of differences in distance is somewhat masked by the mainly oceanic southern hemisphere vs the half-continental northern hemisphere. Therefore, the Earth's seasons come and go mainly because Earth does not rotate with its axis exactly upright with respect to the plane of the Earth’s orbit around the sun. Earth's axial tilt is 23.5 degrees. This puts the Sun farther south in December and January, so the north has winter and the south has summer. Thus winter falls on that part of the globe where sunlight strikes least directly. Summer falls on that part of the globe where sunlight strikes most directly.


title: Fortune (magazine)

text: Fortune is a magazine that talks about business topics. It publishes the Fortune 500 list of the companies in the United States with the most revenue.


title: M2 Browning

text: The M2 Machine Gun, or Browning .50 Caliber Machine Gun is a heavy machine gun. It was nicknamed "Ma Deuce" by US troops or simply called "fifty-cal." due to its caliber.


title: M2 Browning

text: John Moses Browning (1855–1926) of Ogden, Utah, was the inventor. His military arms were considered to be outstanding. German Field Marshal Hermann Göring said, "If the "Luftwaffe" (German Air Force) had the Browning .50-caliber, the Battle of Britain would have turned out differently".


title: M2 Browning

text: Browning began work on the .50-caliber machine gun in July 1917 and it was introduced in 1918. It was a belt-fed, automatic weapon that came in both air-cooled and water-cooled versions. The gun was capable of single-shot or fully automatic fire. The U.S. Army, Army Air Forces, and Navy all adopted it immediately.


title: M2 Browning

text: The Browning .50 caliber machine gun has been used as a vehicle weapon and for aircraft by the United States from the 1920s to the present day. It was used during World War II, the Korean War, the Vietnam War, as well as during operations in Iraq in the 1990s and 2000s. It is the primary heavy machine gun of NATO countries, and has been used by many other countries. It is still in use today, with only a few modern improvements. Right now, it is the longest serving machine gun in the US military.


title: Zachary Taylor

text: Zachary Taylor (November 24, 1784 – July 9, 1850) was the 12th president of the United States. He served as president from 1849 until his death in 1850. He was a second cousin to James Madison.


title: Zachary Taylor

text: Taylor was a general in the United States Army. He led an army during the Mexican-American War. He was selected by the Whigs to be their candidate because he was a famous general. He was the last President to own slaves while in office.


title: Zachary Taylor

text: During his term, slavery was a big issue because the Northerners wanted no slavery in the U.S. and wanted to stop newly formed states from allowing slavery. The southerners believed that they had the right to keep their slaves and people feared that they would choose to not be a part of the United States anymore (which they would eventually do in 1860).


title: Zachary Taylor

text: Taylor did not like the idea of the southern states leaving the United States at all. He threatened to use military force against them if they were to do that.


title: Zachary Taylor

text: Taylor never voted until he was 62 years old. He was never a resident of a particular location in the United States long enough to register to vote.


title: Zachary Taylor

text: Sixteen months into his presidency, Taylor died of cholera and his vice-president Millard Fillmore became president to take his place.


title: Zachary Taylor

text: The Compromise of 1850 (a proposal several laws that would calm down the slavery issue by pleasing both the north and the south) was voted on in Congress shortly after his death. This was negotiated by Kentucky's Congressman, Henry Clay, who was a distant cousin of the Taylors and Lincolns.


title: Spice

text: Spice is an ingredient that adds flavor to food. It is usually used to enrich or alter the quality of something. Spices can be used to give food an interesting and exciting taste.


title: Spice

text: Spices can also be used to hide or cover up bad tastes in the food, because it is rotten or affected by fungi, e.g. marzipan.


title: Troll (internet)

text: A troll is someone who tries to make people angry by saying things on the Internet. The purpose is to excite strong emotion in an online community. This is to get a reaction from other online users, or to cause problems. In social networks platforms, a troll is a user who make inflammatory or inappropriate comments for the sole purpose of upsetting other users and provoking a response.


title: Troll (internet)

text: Sometimes trolling can get a user banned from a website or platform as it can be disruptive. Some users do it to be humorous when they know others will be angry. The best solution is to ignore trolls and to not give them the attention they want. This has become known as "don't feed the trolls".


title: Troll (internet)

text: In October 2012, the internet news site Gawker, publicly revealed the name of an internet troll who had called himself "Violentacrez". Michael Brutcsh had collected photos of young girls from Facebook, often in bikinis or short skirts, and them posted them on the site Reddit. He also posted photos of women, taken without their permission, which focused on their breasts or bottoms. His actions made many people very angry. Brutsch said he was an internet troll because "...I just like riling people up in my spare time."


title: Troll (internet)

text: There are a lot of efforts to detect and ban trolls on social network platforms such as "TrollSpot" in which Li a user of the website and other members of the team whom are also users of the social media website use machine learning techniques or what is known as a computer robot to propose a wide approach to detect trolls.


title: Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn

text: Prince Edward Augustus, Duke of Kent and Strathearn was the fourth son of George III of the United Kingdom.


text: Edwaard Augustus married in 1818 Princess Victoria Duchess of Kent. He had one daughter, who was later Queen Victoria. He died when his daughter was six months old in 1819.


title: Pompey

text: Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus (29 September 106 BC – 28 September 48 BC), otherwise known as Pompey () or Pompey the Great, was an important military and political leader of the late Roman Republic.


title: Pompey

text: Coming from an Italian provincial background, he secured a place for himself in the ranks of Roman nobility, and was given the nickname "Magnus" ("the Great") by Lucius Cornelius Sulla.


title: Pompey

text: Pompey was a rival of Marcus Licinius Crassus and an ally to Gaius Julius Caesar. Together, the three politicians would dominate the Late Roman republic through a political alliance called the First Triumvirate. After the deaths of Julia and Crassus (54 BC), disputes between Pompey and Caesar over the leadership of the Roman Republic lead to civil war. Pompey was decisively beaten by Caesar at the Battle of Pharsalus in 48 BC, whereupon he fled to Egypt, where he was assassinated.


title: Pompey

text: In the beginning, Pompey said he could defeat Caesar and raise armies merely by stamping his foot on the soil of Italy, but in the spring of 49 BC, Caesar crossed the Rubicon and his legions swept down the peninsula. Pompey abandoned Rome, and took his legions south towards Brundisium. Pompey intended build up his army, and wage war against Caesar in the east. Neither Pompey nor the Senate thought of taking the vast treasury with them, probably thinking Caesar would not dare take it for himself. It was left in the Temple of Saturn when Caesar and his forces entered Rome.


title: Pompey

text: Barely escaping Caesar in Brundisium, Pompey crossed over into Epirus. There, during Caesar's Spanish campaign, Pompey had gathered a large force in Macedonia, with nine legions plus contingents from the Roman allies in the east. His fleet controlled the Adriatic. Nevertheless, Caesar managed to cross over into Epirus in November 49 BC, and captured Apollonia.


title: Pompey

text: Pompey fought Caesar at the Battle of Dyrrhachium (48 BC), in which Caesar lost 1000 men and Pompey lost 2000. Because he failed to pursue at the moment of Caesar's defeat, Pompey threw away the chance to destroy Caesar's much smaller army. As Caesar himself said, "Today the enemy would have won, if they had a commander who was a winner" (Plutarch, 65).


title: Pompey

text: According to Suetonius, it was at this point that Caesar said that "That man (Pompey) does not know how to win a war". With Caesar on their backs, the conservatives led by Pompey fled to Greece. Caesar and Pompey had their final showdown at the Battle of Pharsalus in 48 BC. The fighting was bitter for both sides, and although Pompey was expected to win, due to advantage in numbers, the brilliant tactics and the superior fighting abilities of Caesar's veterans led to a victory for Caesar. Pompey met his wife Cornelia and his son Sextus Pompeius on the island of Mytilene. He then wondered where to go next. He ran to Egypt.


title: Pompey

text: After he got to Egypt, Pompey's fate was decided by the advisors of the young king Ptolemy XIII. While Pompey waited offshore, they argued the cost of offering him refuge with Caesar already en route to Egypt; the king's eunuch Pothinus won out. According to Plutarch, Cornelia watched anxiously from the trireme as Pompey left in a small boat with a few comrades, and headed for a welcoming party on the Egyptian shore. As Pompey got off the boat, he was stabbed to death by men following the orders of Pothinus.


title: Pompey

text: Pompey died one day after his 59th birthday. His body remained on the shoreline, to be cremated by his loyal freeman Philip on the rotten planks of a fishing boat. His head and seal were presented to Caesar, who, according to Plutarch, mourned this insult to the greatness of his former ally. Caesar punished his assassins and their Egyptian co-conspirators, putting both Achillas and Pothinus to death. Pompey's ashes were eventually returned to Cornelia, who carried them to his country house near Alba.


title: Pompey

text: Cassius Dio describes Caesar's reactions with scepticism. He thinks Pompey's own political misjudgements, rather than treachery, was the cause of his downfall. In Appian's account of the civil war, Caesar has Pompey's severed head buried in Alexandria, in ground reserved for a new temple to the goddess Nemesis. The divine functions of Nemesis (~fate) included the punishment of hubris (pride). For Pliny, the humiliation of Pompey's end is contrasted to his oversized portrait-head, studded with pearls, and carried in procession during his greatest Triumph.


title: Telegraphy

text: Telegraphy (from the Greek words "tele (τηλε)" = far and "graphein (γραφειν)" = write) is the long-distance transmission of written messages without physical transport of letters.


title: Telegraphy

text: A telegraph sends electric pulses in a special code, composed from short and large marks. Usually, amateur radio operators use Morse code.


title: Telegraphy

text: Some of the first telegraphs were made in the late 1700s, but these were hard to use because they had too many wires. Samuel Morse made a telegraph using only one wire. In 1844, he built a telegraph line from Baltimore to Washington, D.C., and soon, there were telegraphs all over the United States. This made it easier for people to talk to people far away and made it easier for people to move out West. A transatlantic telegraph cable and other developments linked the world by the end of the century. Radio telegraphy became widespread in the early 20th century, especially on ships.


title: Telegraphy

text: People would send messages called "telegrams" to other people. They would give the message to a telegraph operator, who would send the message using Morse code. The operator on the other end would write down the message and give it to the person receiving the message. After the 1930s, it became cheaper to make long-distance telephone calls than to send telegrams, so fewer telegrams were sent. Western Union, an American company that was created for telegrams, sent its last one in 2006.


title: Telegraphy

text: Telegraphs have become rare. This is because of newer technology that people can use to communicate, such as the telephone and the Internet. However, morse code is still popular among amateur radio enthusiasts.


title: Process (computing)

text: In computing, a process is an instance of a computer program that is being sequentially executed by a computer system that has the ability to run several computer programs concurrently.


title: Process (computing)

text: A computer program itself is just a passive collection of instructions, while a process is the actual execution of those instructions.


title: Process (computing)

text: Several processes may be associated with the same program; for example, opening up several windows of the same program often means more than one process is being executed. In the computing world, processes are "formally" defined by the operating systems (OS) running them and so may differ in detail from one OS to another; for example in Microsoft Windows environment each instance of the same application is called a task.


title: Senegambia

text: Senegambia was a region of West Africa occupying the area of present day Senegal and Gambia. The 20th century


title: Senegambia

text: Senegambia Confederation, was a loose confederation between Senegal and Gambia. The term Senegambia was used by the British as early as 1765. They used it to refer to their settlements on the islands off the coast of present day Senegal. The modern use of the term Senegambia means the region that includes both Senegal and Gambia.


title: Senegambia

text: There is little known about the early history of the area. By about 1000 AD the Soninke, Mandinka and Fula peoples had formed settlements along the Gambia River. The Toucouleur people were settled in east and central Senegal. Kingdoms such as the Jolof and the Sere settled in the area north of the Gambia River. The first Europeans, Portuguese sailors, arrived about 1455. Portugal controlled the area between the Sénégal and Gambia Rivers until the British, Dutch and French moved into the area. They traded goods such as salt, iron, guns and gunpowder for gold, ivory, ebony and slaves.


title: Senegambia

text: About 24% of the African slaves brought to America, were from Senegambia. The Africans from Senegambia were found nearly everywhere in the United States before the American Civil War, both in the North and South.Senegambia was strongly Muslim. This means that many African slaves in the US had been exposed to Islam much more than the rest of the Americas.


title: Senegambia

text: Because of the need for field workers up to two-thirds of Africans taken captive were men. In the Senegambia region due to the high demand by buyers, men and boys were taken from all over the region. Women, however, being in less demand, were taken from the easily accessed coastal areas. Most of them belonged to the Jolof people and so, unlike the men, they had a common language. Due to the fear of slaves revolting, men were kept below decks and in chains. Women were usually kept on deck and were sometimes allowed to move around. Some historians say that it was the women who organized many of the slave uprisings at sea.


title: Eighteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution

text: Ratified on January 17, 1919 and went into effect a year later, the Eighteenth Amendment (Amendment XVIII) of the United States Constitution banned the making, transporting, and sale of alcoholic beverages in the United States. The Volstead Act was passed by Congress to enforce the Eighteenth Amendment. It did not prohibit the drinking of alcohol however. It started the period in American history called the Prohibition Era. This was a period of mass civil disobedience to the law. Those who could afford the higher prices of smuggled liquor went to illegal bars called speakeasies. Working class people tended to drink moonshine and so-called bathtub gin at home. The Eighteenth Amendment proved to be a major failure. Americans started drinking more than before and it caused crime to rise significantly. The Eighteenth Amendment was later repealed by the Twenty-first Amendment. It remains the only amendment to be repealed by another amendment to the Constitution.


text: The first clause, section one, says the law was to go into effect one year from its ratification. It was passed by Congress on December 18, 1917. The thirty-sixth state (required number for passage) to ratify the amendment did so 394 days later on January 16, 1919. The forty-seventh state to ratify the amendment was New Jersey on March 9, 1922. Rhode Island was the only state to reject ratification of the 18th Amendment.


text: The second clause gave the federal and state governments concurrent powers to enforce the amendment. Congress passed the national Prohibition Enforcement Act, also known as the Volstead Act. The act defined any beverage containing more than one-half of one percent an intoxicating beverage. It gave the Internal Revenue Service the power to enforce the law.


text: The third clause gave seven years as the time period for the states to ratify the amendment. This is the first amendment to have a limit on the time in which it was to be ratified. If it was not ratified by the required number of states in that time period, the amendment would not go into effect. Article Five of the United States Constitution requires an amendment be passed by three-quarters of the states. (36 out of the 48 states at that time.)


text: During the 1820s intense religious and social movements spread across the country calling alcohol and drunkenness a "national curse." They were called temperance movements. The first state to have a temperance law was Massachusetts who in 1838 enacted a law prohibiting the sale of liquor in less than quantities. In 1846, Maine passed the first state prohibition law. It was repealed two years later, still, other states also passed similar laws.


text: After the American Civil War, immigrants, mainly from Ireland, Germany, Italy and other parts of Europe, crowded major cities by the millions. Many of these men worked hard and drank just as hard. Beer became a favorite drink and many German-Americans who knew how to brew beer began producing it in large quantities. By the 1870s, many wives and mothers who were completely dependant on their men, began to protest having their lives ruined by alcohol. They were joined by a number of clergymen. They organized as the Woman's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) and became a powerful force for change. They were joined by women such as Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton. prominent in the suffrage movement (women's right to vote). The temperance movement was able to put political pressure on politicians that many were afraid of. The WCTU began calling for a nation-wide ban on alcoholic drink. At first, most Senators were against the idea. But they also did not want to be seen as voting against it. For this reason they imposed a deadline for ratification of seven years. Many hoped it would not be ratified. But the plan did not work since it was ratified just over a year after its passage.


text: Gustav Boess, Mayor of Berlin visited New York City in late 1929. He asked the Mayor of New York City, Jimmy Walker, when prohibition was supposed to go into effect. At that time, prohibition had already been the law of the land for over nine years. That the German mayor even had to ask shows how well the Eighteenth Amendment had been working. In fact, it was not working very well at all.


text: Those who supported prohibition expected the sales of household goods and clothing to go up dramatically. Many expected real estate and rents to rise as bars closed and neighborhoods were cleaned up. Many producers of soft drinks, juices and chewing gum expected sales to go up as Americans had to find new ways of entertaining themselves. None of this happened. Instead, the unintended consequences proved to be a decline in amusement and entertainment industries across the country. Restaurants failed, as they could no longer make a profit without legal liquor sales. Theater revenues declined rather than increase, and few of the other economic benefits that had been predicted came to pass. Prohibition proved to be largely negative for the economy. Jobs in breweries, distilleries and bars were lost by the thousands. Truckers, waiters, barrel makers and many other related workers had large numbers of jobs lost. Perhaps the largest unintended consequence was the loss to the government in tax revenues. The state of New York lost almost 75 percent of its revenue. The federal government lost over $11 million in tax revenues while the cost to enforce it was over $300 million.


text: The prohibition laws had many loopholes (ways to get around the law) that were quickly taken advantage of. The biggest loophole was that neither the Eighteenth Amendment nor the Volstead Act made it illegal to drink or be drunk in public. Farmers who grew fruit quickly learned to sell their harvests in dehydrated bricks. The warning label included instructions on how to easily turn the bricks into alcoholic drinks. Pharmacists were allowed to prescribe whiskey for any number of ailments from anxiety to the flu. As bootleggers learned of this, the number of pharmacies tripled in places like New York state. Tools and ingredients to make alcohol at home were sold in hardware and grocery stores. Books on how to make liquor were also legal.


text: Drinking under prohibition did not stop, it simply went underground. In New York City alone there were thousands of speakeasy clubs. The mob made millions in illegal sales of alcohol on the black market. Most Americans simply ignored the law. The agents who enforced prohibition laws were poorly paid and were easily bribed. Gangsters made money and became powerful under prohibition. They even cooperated with one another in setting prices. Organized crime gained a national foothold due to prohibition. One of the better known gangsters was Al Capone. When Capone arrived in Chicago in 1920 he immediately saw the opportunities that prohibition offered. He organized illegal bootlegging on an international scale. He even controlled the distribution of his alcohol. He hired his own delivery trucks, salespeople, and his own heavily armed guards to protect his investments. Capone was making over $100 million a year. He had no trouble bribing all the politicians and law enforcement members in his district.


title: Perseus

text: Perseus () is a hero in Greek mythology. He is the legendary founder of Mycenae and is most famous for killing the Gorgon Medusa. He is a demigod, the son of Zeus and the mortal princess Danaë. With his wife, the Ethiopian princess Andromeda, his children are the sons Perses, Alkaios, Sthenelos, Elektryon, and the daughter Gorgophone. Perseus is also the great-grandfather of Herakles, as well as his half-brother.


title: Perseus

text: King Akrisios of Argos was told by an oracle that he would be killed by his grandchild. Because of that he put his daughter Danaë in a tower where no one was allowed to enter, so she could not have a child. But the god Zeus could enter in the form of a golden rain, and with him her child was Perseus.


title: Perseus

text: Akrisios then put Danaë and her baby Perseus in a box and threw it into the sea. But Zeus tells the sea-god Poseidon to help them, and so Danaë and her son come to the island Seriphos. There they are found by Diktys, who lets them live with him.


title: Perseus

text: A long time after that, the grown up Perseus takes part in some funeral games. During the games Perseus throws a discus, which accidentally hits Akrisios. Akrisios is killed by it: he was killed by his grandchild, like the oracle's prophecy said.


title: Perseus

text: Perseus was sent to retreive Medusa's head by King Polydectes, who wanted him dead so he could marry his mother. To do this, he was advised by Athena to seek the Gray sisters, who told him how to fight Medusa when he stole their eye. Hermes lent Perseus winged sandals, Hades lent him his helm of darkness (which makes the wearer invisible), and Athena lent him a shield which he could see Medusa's reflection in, since whoever looked her in the eye would turn to stone. With all these magic items, Perseus was able to cut off Medusa's head. On the way back home, he fights a sea monster to save Andromeda, who is chained to a cliff as a sacrifice, and marries her.


title: Singer 2018

text: "Singer" 2018 is the second season of Chinese television series "Singer", a rebranded version of "I Am a Singer" that will air on Hunan Television. It is produced by , and its music director is Hong Kong senior musician Kubert Leung. It will be recorded in the Hunan Broadcasting System Radio and Television Center, Changsha, Hunan on January 3, 2018 and aired from January 12 to April 20, 2018 on Hunan Television.


title: Singer 2018

text: This episode is the first episode of Singer 2018. It was recorded on January 3, 2017, and premiered on January 12, 2018 at 8:00 p.m. Beijing time on Hunan Television.


title: Singer 2018

text: This episode is the second episode of Singer 2018. It was recorded on January 11, 2018, and was broadcast on January 19, 2018 at 8:00 p.m. Beijing time on Hunan Television. 1st round, Juno Su is going to participate challenge round, as the first challenge singer, at last she gets No.5 temporarily safe, and Li Xiaodong is the lowest percentages of votes in 1st round first two matches.


title: Singer 2018

text: 1st round, due to Juno Su gets No.5 temporarily safe in matches, Li Xiaodong is eliminated, as the lowest percentages of votes in 1st round first two matches.


title: Singer 2018

text: This episode is the third episode of Singer 2018. It was recorded on January 18, 2018, and was broadcast on January 26, 2018 at 8:00 p.m. Beijing time on Hunan Television. James Li joins the competition in the 1st challenge round, as the first substitute singer.


title: Singer 2018

text: This episode is the fourth episode of Singer 2018. It was recorded on January 25, 2018, and was broadcast on February 2, 2018 at 8:00 p.m. Beijing time on Hunan Television. In second round, Hua Chenyu joins the competition, as the second substitute singer.


title: Singer 2018

text: At the end of "Singer 2017", many many Weibo entertainment marketing accounts said that "Singer 2017" as the last series of "I Am a Singer" and "Singer", the series of the show will not be made from 2018. There are three reasons, first in the preparation and broadcasting of "Singer 2017" faced a lot of uncertainty, second the invitation of competitors difficulties is harder than before, the last is the director Duyan and the screenwriter Sunli will leave after "Singer 2017". However on 14 June of 2017, During the broadcast of Hunan Xinwen Lianbo, accepted the interview of Hunan TV reporter. He said "Singer 2018" has entered the preparation to repudiate the remour.


title: Tidewater accent

text: The Tidewater accent is a variety of English spoken in the Tidewater region of Virginia. It's a subvariety of Southern American English and features include:


title: Miguel de Cervantes

text: Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra (29 September 1547 – 23 April 1616) was a Spanish writer. His most famous book was "Don Quijote de la Mancha". It is considered the first modern novel, and therefore Cervantes was the first novelist. The book has been published in 65 countries. The work is considered among the most important in all of literature. He is sometimes called "The Prince of Satire".


title: Miguel de Cervantes

text: Nobody knows for sure the reasons that forced Cervantes to leave Castile. Whether he was a "student" of the same name, a "sword-wielding fugitive from justice", or fleeing from a royal warrant of arrest, for having wounded a certain Antonio de Sigura in a duel, is another mystery.


title: Miguel de Cervantes

text: In any event, in going to Italy, Cervantes was doing what many young Spaniards of the time did to further their careers. Rome would reveal to the young artist its ecclesiastic pomp, ritual, and majesty. In a city teeming with ruins Cervantes could focus his attention on Renaissance art, architecture, and poetry (knowledge of Italian literature is readily discernible in his own productions) and on rediscovering antiquity. He could find in the ancients "a powerful impetus to revive the contemporary world in light of its accomplishments". Thus, Cervantes' continuing desire for Italy, as revealed in his later works, was in part a desire for a return to an earlier period of the Renaissance.


title: Miguel de Cervantes

text: By 1570, Cervantes had enlisted as a soldier in a regiment of the Spanish naval elite corps, Infantería de Marina, stationed in Naples, then a possession of the Spanish crown. He was there for about a year before he saw active service. In September 1571 Cervantes sailed on board the "Marquesa", part of the galley fleet of the Holy League, Spain, the Republic of Venice, the Republic of Genoa, the Duchy of Savoy, the Knights Hospitaller based in Malta, and others, under the command of King Philip II's illegitimate half brother, John of Austria, that defeated the Ottoman fleet on October 7 in the Gulf of Lepanto near Corinth, at great cost to both sides. Though taken down with fever, Cervantes refused to stay below, and begged to be allowed to take part in the battle, saying that he would rather die for his God and his king than keep under cover. He fought bravely on board a vessel, and received three gunshot wounds – two in the chest, and one which rendered his left arm useless. In "Journey to Parnassus" he was to say that he "had lost the movement of the left hand for the glory of the right" (he was thinking of the success of the first part of "Don Quixote"). Cervantes always looked back on his conduct in the battle with pride; he believed that he had taken part in an event that would shape the course of European history.


title: Hubble Space Telescope

text: The Hubble Space Telescope (HST) is the first big optical space observatory telescope. Being above the atmosphere means it can see the sky more clearly than a telescope on the ground. The atmosphere blurs starlight before it reaches Earth. Named after the astronomer Edwin Hubble, the Hubble Space Telescope can observe 24 hours a day. The main mirror is 94.5 inches (2.4 meters) across. The telescope can take pictures of things so far away it would be nearly impossible to see them from anywhere else.


title: Hubble Space Telescope

text: It was made by both NASA and the ESA working together. It is 600 km in space and was launched on April 24, 1990. Like other things in low Earth orbit it travels at 5 miles (10 km) per second. If you were going this speed on Earth, you would be able to get from New York to San Francisco in 10 minutes. This speed creates difficulty in scheduling observations.


title: Hubble Space Telescope

text: The Hubble itself is the size of a large school bus, but still small enough to fit inside the cargo bay of a Space Shuttle. It was repaired in 1993 due to problems in the picture quality.


title: Hubble Space Telescope

text: The telescope was launched in 1990 by a space shuttle. When it entered orbit, everything seemed fine. But there was a problem with the telescope that was not discovered until it started taking pictures.


title: Hubble Space Telescope

text: When the HST took its first pictures, astronomers were happy to see the images, but they were not as sharp and as crisp as expected. Telescopes in space can take better pictures than telescopes on Earth, but for some reason, the pictures were not better than the pictures taken on Earth. They found a problem with the telescope's mirror. The mirror was not curved right. It was only wrong by 2.2 microns (1/50th as thick as a piece of paper). Still, this was enough to cause the images to be blurred. Some said that Hubble was nearsighted.


title: Hubble Space Telescope

text: Another space shuttle was soon sent up to repair the space telescope. The repair was not easy. The astronauts had to install some small mirrors to correct the light from the big mirror. The big mirror could still be used. It took five days of space walks. When an astronaut opened one of the doors on Hubble to install a new camera, the door would not close. The astronauts had to think of a creative way to get around the problem. Eventually, Hubble was fixed.


title: Hubble Space Telescope

text: Repairs and servicing missions have been made to the Hubble Space Telescope five times to keep it in orbit and make it even better as technology improved. The space shuttle program was kept going longer than planned to send an extra trip up to the Hubble Space Telescope for a final fix.


title: Hubble Space Telescope

text: Hubble has been replaced by the James Webb Space Telescope which is located even further from Earth. There are now other telescopes in orbit, like the Herschel Space Observatory, the Spitzer Space Telescope and the Kepler Spacecraft, which was specially made for finding Earth-like planets around other stars.


title: Theoretical particle

text: Theoretical particles are particles that have been assumed or predicted to exist by scientists, but have not been proven in any experiment. Some, like the tachyon, probably don't exist, since they violate several laws of physics. However, many are still believed to exist. All supersymmetric particles (such as a sfermion) are theoretical. Supersymmetrical particles are often abbreviated with an "s" in front of the particle name, like a sfermion. Particles found in antimatter are not theoretical particles because they "have" been found in numerous experiments.


title: John Brown (abolitionist)

text: John Brown (May 9, 1800 – December 2, 1859) was an American abolitionist. Brown supported using violence to end slavery in the United States. He first got national attention when he led small groups of people during the Bleeding Kansas crisis of 1856.


title: John Brown (abolitionist)

text: In October 1859, Brown led a raid on the federal armory at Harpers Ferry, Virginia (today West Virginia). He wanted to start a slave liberation movement that would spread south through the areas of Virginia and North Carolina. He took control of the armory, but seven people were killed, and ten or more were injured. Brown wanted to arm slaves with weapons from the armory. However, few local slaves joined his attack. Within 36 hours, Brown's men were killed or captured by local farmers, militiamen, and U.S. Marines. Brown was executed by hanging for treason against the state of Virginia on December 2, 1859. He was the first person executed for treason in the history of the United States.


title: John Brown (abolitionist)

text: Brown is still a controversial person today. He is both remembered as a heroic martyr, and he is hated as a madman and a terrorist.


title: John Brown (abolitionist)

text: John Brown was born May 9, 1800, in Torrington, Connecticut. He was the fourth of the eight children of Owen Brown (1771–1856) and Ruth Mills (1772–1808) and grandson of Capt. John Brown (1728–1776). Brown's ancestors were 17th-century English Puritans.


title: John Brown (abolitionist)

text: In 1805, the family moved to Hudson, Ohio. Owen Brown opened a tannery here. Hudson had a lot of anti-slavery activity. Owen was a part of it. Owen provided a safe house to Underground Railroad fugitives. There was not a high school in Hudson at that time, so John studied at the school of the abolitionist Elizur Wright. Elizur Wright was the father of Elizur Wright, in nearby Tallmadge.


title: John Brown (abolitionist)

text: When he was 16 years old, Brown left his family and went to Plainfield, Massachusetts. He joined a preparatory program. Shortly afterward, he went to the Morris Academy in Litchfield, Connecticut.


title: John Brown (abolitionist)

text: In 1820, Brown married Dianthe Lusk. Their first child, John Jr, was born 13 months later. In 1825, looking for a safer place (for fugitive slaves), Brown and his family moved to New Richmond, Pennsylvania. He bought of land. He cleared an eighth of it, and he built a cabin, a barn, and a tannery. The tannery had a secret room to hide escaping slaves. The John Brown Tannery Site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978. It "was a major stop on the [Underground] Railroad, marking its place in history from 1825 to 1835." During that period, "Brown helped an estimated 2,500 slaves escape."


title: John Brown (abolitionist)

text: In 1829, some white families asked Brown to help them remove Native Americans who hunted annually in the area. Brown told them, "I will have nothing to do with [such a] mean act. I would [rather] take my gun and help [remove] you from the country." Throughout his life, Brown kept peaceful relations with his Native American neighbors. Sometimes he would go with them on hunting trips, and he invited them to eat in his home.


title: John Brown (abolitionist)

text: In 1831, one of his sons died. Brown became sick, and his businesses started to do poorly. This made Brown have a lot of debt. In the summer of 1832, shortly after the death of a newborn son, his wife Dianthe died. The only family he had left were his children John Jr., Jason, Owen, and Ruth. (Another three of their children died before they became adults.) On June 14, 1833, Brown married 16-year-old Mary Ann Day (April 15, 1817 – May 1, 1884). She was from Washington County, New York. They had 13 children; those alive at John Brown's death were Salmon, Annie, Sarah, and Ellen.


title: John Brown (abolitionist)

text: In 1836, Brown moved his family to Franklin Mills, Ohio (now known as Kent). There, he borrowed money to buy land in the area. He built and operated a tannery along the Cuyahoga River. His partner was Zenas Kent.


title: John Brown (abolitionist)

text: In 1837, when he learned that Elijah P. Lovejoy was murdered, Brown promised: "Here, before God, [with witnesses around me], from [now on], I (dedicate) my life to the destruction of slavery!"


title: John Brown (abolitionist)

text: He strongly believed in Christianity. He believed that Christians should treat people the same no matter what color their skin was. Many white Christians in America at this time did not agree with this.


title: John Brown (abolitionist)

text: Brown lived mostly in Springfield, Massachusetts before moving to the Kansas Territory. This would later become the state of Kansas in 1861. Several of his sons were already living there. Brown's sons wanted his help to fight people from Missouri. The people in Missouri wanted slavery to be legal in Kansas. On May 24, 1856, Brown and his sons killed five people in Kansas who wanted slavery to be legal. They dragged the people out of their homes and killed them with swords. This came to be known as the Pottawatomie massacre. Many people in Kansas were shocked and upset about this. More violent things happened after this. This was the beginning of the period in the Kansas Territory known as Bleeding Kansas. Before leaving Kansas, Brown and his followers were attacked at the Battle of Osawatomie on August 30, 1856. His son Frederick was killed there.


title: John Brown (abolitionist)

text: In 1859, Brown decided to attack the Harpers Ferry Armory in Harper's Ferry, Virginia (now West Virginia). He was planning on giving the weapons to slaves. The slaves would use the weapons to fight against their masters and become free. Brown attacked the arsenal in October 1859. His sons and several other men, including several black men, helped him with the attack. His attack failed. Brown was captured, and was executed by hanging for treason against the state of Virginia on December 2, 1859.


title: John Brown (abolitionist)

text: I, John Brown, am now quite certain that the crimes of this guilty land will never be purged away but with blood. I had, as I now think, [naively thought] that [it could be done without much bloodshed].


title: John Brown (abolitionist)

text: He read his Bible and wrote a final letter to his wife. The letter included his will. At 11:00 a.m. he was taken from the county jail through a crowd of 2,000 soldiers a few blocks away. He was taken to a small field where the gallows were. Among the soldiers in the crowd were future Confederate general Stonewall Jackson, and John Wilkes Booth (Booth borrowed a militia uniform to watch the execution). The poet Walt Whitman, in "Year of Meteors", described watching the execution.


title: John Brown (abolitionist)

text: Brown chose to receive no religious services in the jail or at the scaffold. He was hanged at 11:15 a.m. He was declared dead at 11:50 a.m.


title: John Brown (abolitionist)

text: The raid on Harpers Ferry is generally thought to have pushed the United States towards civil war. Southern slaveowners, hearing early reports that hundreds of abolitionists were involved, were glad the action was so small. However, they feared other abolitionists would also try to lead slave rebellions. Therefore, the South reorganized the old militia system. These militias became a ready-made Confederate army, making the South better prepared for war.


title: John Brown (abolitionist)

text: Many abolitionists in the North believed Brown was a martyr, and that he sacrificed for the evils of the nation. Immediately after the raid, William Lloyd Garrison published a column in "The Liberator". He said Brown's raid "[meant well] but sadly unwise" and "wild and [pointless]". However, he defended Brown's character from haters in the Northern and Southern press. He argued that those who supported the ideas of the American Revolution could not consistently oppose Brown's raid. On the day Brown was hanged, Garrison said in Boston: "whenever [it happens], I all slave revolts succeed".


title: John Brown (abolitionist)

text: After the Civil War, Frederick Douglass wrote, "His zeal in the cause of my race was far greater than mine ... I could live for the slave, but he could die for him."


title: John Brown (abolitionist)

text: People had strong feelings about John Brown. Some people thought that he was crazy or evil. Other people thought that he was a hero. His attack on Harpers Ferry helped lead to the American Civil War. The war would start in 1861.


title: John Brown (abolitionist)

text: Many Black leaders of the timeMartin Delany, Henry Highland Garnet, Frederick Douglass, Harriet Tubmanknew and respected Brown. "Tubman thought Brown was the greatest white man who ever lived." Douglass called him "a brave and glorious old man."


title: John Brown (abolitionist)

text: Black businesses in the North closed on the day of his execution. Church bells rang across the North.


title: Eurozone

text: The Eurozone (also called Euro area or Euroland) is the set of countries in the European Union which have adopted the Euro (€) currency. The European Central Bank is responsible for managing the supply of money within the eurozone and political decisions are taken by the "euro group", which is a meeting of the politicians from each euro country in charge of that country's economy.


title: Eurozone

text: EU members that are not part of the Eurozone are Denmark, Sweden, Poland, Czech Republic, Croatia, Hungary, Bulgaria, and Romania.


title: Eurozone

text: There are other countries outside the European Union which use the euro as well, but these are not officially in the eurozone.


title: Jacques Cousteau

text: Jacques-Yves Cousteau known as Jacques Cousteau (11 June 1910 – 25 June 1997) was a French naval officer, explorer, ecologist, filmmaker, innovator, scientist, photographer, author and researcher who studied the sea and all forms of life in water. He helped create the aqua-lung, helped marine conservation and was a member of the Académie française. He was also known as "le Commandant Cousteau" or "Captain Cousteau".


title: Jacques Cousteau

text: Cousteau was born on June 11,1910, in Saint-André-de-Cubzac, Gironde, to Daniel and Élisabeth Cousteau. He had one brother, Pierre-Antoine. Cousteau attended Collège Stanislas in Paris. In 1930, he entered the École Navale and graduated as a gunnery officer. After an automobile accident cut short his career in naval aviation, Cousteau changed to studying the sea.


title: Jacques Cousteau

text: In Toulon, where he was serving on the "Condorcet", Cousteau carried out his first underwater experiments, thanks to his friend Philippe Tailliez who in 1936 lent him some Fernez underwater goggles. Cousteau also belonged to the information service of the French Navy, and was sent on missions to Shanghai and Japan (1935–1938) and in the USSR (1939).


title: Jacques Cousteau

text: On 12 July 1937 he married Simone Melchior (1919-1990), with whom he had two sons, Jean-Michel (born 1938) and Philippe (1940–1979). His sons took part in the adventures of the "Calypso". In 1991, after his wife Simone's death from cancer, he married Francine Triplet. They already had a daughter Diane Cousteau (born 1980) and a son Pierre-Yves Cousteau (born 1982), born during Cousteau's marriage to his first wife.


title: Jacques Cousteau

text: On the morning of 25 June 1997, Jacques-Yves Cousteau died at his home in Paris, aged 87 from a heart attack. Despite rumors, encouraged by some Islamic publications and websites, Cousteau did not convert to Islam, and when he died he was buried in a Roman Catholic Christian funeral. He was buried in the family vault at Saint-André-de-Cubzac in France. A street was named "rue du Commandant Cousteau" in a street which runs near his native house, where a commemorative plaque was affixed.


title: Book of Nehemiah

text: The Book of Nehemiah is a book of the Hebrew Bible, thought to be a continuation of the Book of Ezra, and is sometimes called the second book of Ezra. It is thought to be written by Nehemiah. It is about the return from exile and the rebuilding of Jerusalem. The Book talks about the struggles the Israelites face, such as when they rebuild the walls of the city, non-Israelite people are angry. Another problem is the fact that people are not obeying Jewish law.


title: Peanuts

text: Peanuts was a comic strip. It was written and drawn by Charles M. Schulz. It was about a boy named Charlie Brown, his dog named Snoopy who is his best friend, and the lives of their best friends named Linus, Schroder, Sally (Charlie Brown's little sister), Lucy, Patty, Peppermint Patty, Marcie and Woodstock. It started in 1950 and ended in 2000 when Schulz died before 2022. The Peanuts characters and concepts were adapted to several half-hour animated television programs over the years.


title: Psychedelic mushroom

text: Magic mushrooms or psychedelic mushrooms or Psilocybin mushrooms contain the alkaloid psilocybin, or similar substances.


title: Psychedelic mushroom

text: Psilocybin is a mind-altering chemical. It changes the brain to an altered state of mind, or a different state of consciousness. This can lead to effects like hallucinations or visions. They may be used for medical purposes to treat cluster headaches, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and certain kinds of depression.


title: Psychedelic mushroom

text: "Psilocybe semilanceata" is the classic example of a magic mushroom, but there are quite a few others. These fungi also have some species with psilocybin: "Copelandia", "Gymnopilus", "Inocybe", "Mycena", "Panaeolus", "Pholiotina", "Pluteus".


title: Psychedelic mushroom

text: Psilocybin can kill in extremely high doses. The LD of psilocybin is 280 mg/kg for rats, this is about 1.5 times that of caffeine. In normal psychedelic mushrooms, psilocybin makes up about 1% of their weight. Therefore, nearly 1.7 kilograms of dried mushrooms, or 17 kilograms of fresh mushrooms, would be required for a 60 kg person to reach the 280 mg/kg LD50 rate of rats.


title: Psychedelic mushroom

text: Psilocybin mushrooms have probably been used since prehistoric times. They may be seen in rock art. Many cultures have used these mushrooms in religious rites. Psychedelic mushrooms have been used by native peoples of Mesoamerica for religious communion and healing. Catholic missionaries were against the use of magic mushrooms. In Modern society, they are sometimes used recreationally. Their medical use in psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy is studied, for example, in the treatment for anxiety and depression in patients with life-threatening cancer, the treatment of depression and to help quit smoking.


title: Psychedelic mushroom

text: The function of compounds like this in nature is they reduce the likelihood of the mushroom being eaten before its spores have been scattered. It is a defence against herbivory.


title: Peter Reid

text: Peter Reid (born 20 June 1956) is an English football manager and former player. He manages for Plymouth Argyle.


title: Royal Banner of Scotland

text: The Royal Standard of Scotland, (), also known as the Banner of the King of Scots, or more commonly the Lion Rampant of Scotland, is the Scottish Royal Banner of Arms. Used historically by the King of Scots, the Royal Standard of Scotland differs from Scotland's national flag, the Saltire, in that its correct use is restricted by an Act of the Parliament of Scotland to only a few Great Officers of State who officially represent the Sovereign in Scotland. It is also used in an official capacity at royal residences in Scotland when the Sovereign is not present.


title: Royal Banner of Scotland

text: The earliest recorded use of the Lion rampant as a royal emblem in Scotland was by Alexander II in 1222; with the additional embellishment of a double border set with lilies occurring during the reign of Alexander III (1249–1286). This emblem occupied the shield of the royal coat of arms of the ancient Kingdom of Scotland which, together with a royal banner displaying the same, was used by the King of Scots until the Union of the Crowns in 1603, when James VI acceded to the thrones of the Kingdom of England and Kingdom of Ireland. Since 1603, the Lion rampant of Scotland has been incorporated into both the royal arms and royal banners of successive Scottish then British monarchs in order to symbolise Scotland; as can be seen today in the Royal Standard of the United Kingdom. Although now officially restricted to use by representatives of the Sovereign and at royal residences, the Royal Standard of Scotland continues to be one of Scotland's most recognisable symbols.


title: Royal Banner of Scotland

text: The Flag of Scotland, also known as the Saint Andrew's Cross or more commonly The Saltire, is the national flag of Scotland. The Saltire is the correct flag for everyone to fly in order to show both their loyalty and Scottish nationality. It is also, where possible, flown from Scottish Government buildings every day from 8am until sunset, with certain exceptions; for example United Kingdom "National Days".


title: Bray Wyatt

text: Windham Rotunda (born May 23, 1987) is an American professional wrestler. He is currently wrestling a free agent. He was known as the leader of a stable with Luke Harper and Erick Rowan known as The Wyatt Family. Daniel Bryan was also a member for a short time before turning against the stable.


title: Bray Wyatt

text: He first wrestled in WWE from 2009 to 2011 where he competed under the name Husky Harris and was a part of the stable, The Nexus. He competed on the 2nd season of WWE NXT but was eliminated 5th. Rotunda stayed in WWE's developmental territory, Florida Championship Wrestling (FCW), and made his debut as Bray Wyatt in FCW in April 2012. He stayed in FCW through its name change to NXT Wrestling (now WWE NXT), and returned to the main WWE roster in July 2013. The Wyatt Family quickly became some of the company's biggest heels ("bad guys").


title: Plastid

text: A plastid is a self-reproducing organelle of plants and algae. A plastome is the DNA genome of a plastid. They are like tiny machines inside cells: each makes or stores important chemicals used by the plant.


title: Plastid

text: Plastids in algae and hornworts may differ from plant plastids. In algae, the term "leucoplast" is used for all unpigmented plastids and their function differs from the leucoplasts of plants.


title: Plastid

text: Glaucocystophytic algae contain muroplasts, which are similar to chloroplasts except that they have a cell wall, similar to that of prokaryotes. Rhodophytic algae contain rhodoplasts, which are red chloroplasts which allow the algae to photosynthesise to a depth of up to 268 metres.


title: Plastid

text: Plastids are one of the many different types of organelles in the cell. In endosymbiont theory, plastids originated as cyanobacteria. This was first suggested by Mereschkowsky in 1905. Schimper in 1883 had said chloroplasts closely resembled cyanobacteria.


title: Plastid

text: Almost all chloroplasts are thought to derive directly or indirectly from a single endosymbiotic event. Mitochondria also derive from symbiosis, but chloroplasts are found only in plants and protista. The chloroplast is surrounded by a double-layered composite membrane with an intermembrane space; further, it has reticulations, or many infoldings, filling the inner spaces. The chloroplast has its own DNA, which codes for redox proteins involved in electron transport in photosynthesis.


title: Kundo Phooler Mala

text: Kundo Phooler Mala is an Indian Bengali television Soap Opera that premiered on 29 May 2017 at 6:00PM and aired on Star Jalsha. Produced by Magic Moments Motion Pictures, It started Indrajit Chakraborty and Rukma Roy in lead roles, Debolina Dutta in a negative role and Laboni Sarkar, Sohini Sanyal, Bharat Kaul, Shankar Chakraborty in supporting roles. The Show Went Off Air on 18 March 2018.


title: Meningitis

text: Meningitis is an infection of certain membranes and tissues of the nervous system. Those are called meninges (singular: meninx). Their function is to protect the central nervous system. Most often, this infection is caused by microorganisms, like viruses, bacteria, fungi or parasites. The most common cause of meningitis are viruses, followed by bacteria. Meningitis is a life-threatening condition. It affects all age groups.


title: Meningitis

text: Some kinds of meningitis are very easy to spread. For this reason, in certain countries, like Germany, doctors have to tell the authorities that someone might have meningitis.


title: Meningitis

text: Some signs of meningitis can be: high fever, sometimes with chills; very strong headache; nauseas and vomiting; drowsiness or confusion; twitching; sleepiness; sore throat; delirium (especially in children); seizures; and stiff neck (in less than 50% of the cases, but may be a telltale sign).


title: Meningitis

text: The two main forms of meningitis are bacterial meningitis and viral meningitis. In bacterial meningitis, most patients die without treatment, whereas in viral meningitis most patients get better on their own. Herpes virus meningitis may respond to an antiviral drug.


title: Victor Emmanuel II of Italy

text: Victor Emmanuel II (Vittorio Emanuele Maria Alberto Eugenio Ferdinando Tommaso; 14 March 1820 – 9 January 1878) was king of Sardinia from 1849 until 17 March 1861. On that date, he took the title King of Italy to become the first king of a united Italy since the 6th century. He held that title until his death in 1878. The Italians called him "Father of the Homeland" ().


title: Victor Emmanuel II of Italy

text: Victor Emmanuel was born at the "Palazzo Carignano" in Turin. He was born the heir to the title of Prince of Carignano, which was one of the most senior members of the Sardinian royal court behind the monarch himself. He became ruler of the Kingdom of Sardinia when his father abdicated.


title: Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette

text: Marie-Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de La Fayette (6 September 1757 – 20 May 1834), known in the United States as Lafayette, was a French aristocrat, politician and liberal thinker. He believed in Enlightenment and played an important role both in the American War of Independence and the French Revolution. In 1789, he presented a draft of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen. He worked on the document with Thomas Jefferson who was then the American ambassador in Paris.


title: Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette

text: Gilbert du Motier was born at the château de Chavaniac, in southern France. His father, Louis Christophe du Motier, was Marquis of La Fayette in his own right. His mother, Marie Louise Jolie de La Rivière, was from an aristocratic family from northern France.


title: Chaturanga

text: This precursor of modern chess originated in the northern Indian subcontinent during the Gupta empire. 'Chaturanga' translates as 'the four divisions', meaning infantry, cavalry, elephantry, and chariotry. They were the four divisions of an Indian army at the time, and no doubt the game was thought of as a war-game. At that time the game had no female piece: what we now call the queen was called "Mantri", meaning a minister or advisor.


title: Chaturanga

text: The game eventually spread to the rest of the world after the Muslim conquest of Persia. It was then called Shatranj.


title: Chaturanga

text: From the beginning until the end of the 15th century the pieces we call bishops and queens had limited movement, and it took longer to get the pieces into action. In modern chess, the original pieces evolved into the modern pawn, knight, bishop, and rook, respectively.<ref name="H/W">Hooper, David and Whyld, Kenneth 1992. "The Oxford Companion to Chess" 2nd ed, Oxford University Press. </ref>


title: Citizenship in the United States

text: Citizenship in the United States means being a citizen of the United States. A person who has citizenship is called a citizen. Citizenship does not just mean that a person lives in the United States. United States citizenship gives people many rights, many protections, and also some duties.


title: Citizenship in the United States

text: The first is called "birthright citizenship." Anybody who is born in the United States automatically becomes a United States citizen.


title: Citizenship in the United States

text: The second is called "naturalization." This is for people who were born outside the United States. A person becomes a "naturalized citizen" if they apply for citizenship and are approved.


title: Citizenship in the United States

text: Once a person is a naturalized citizen, they have all of the same rights, protections, and duties as a person who was born in the United States.


title: Citizenship in the United States

text: Americans are permitted to formally abandon their citizenship, even if they do not possess another citizenship and become stateless as a result. Boris Johnson, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, was an American citizen because he was born there. He renounced his American citizenship in 2016. 5411 other Americans renounced their citizenship in the same year.


title: Clark Gable

text: William Clark Gable (February 1, 1901 – November 16, 1960) was an American actor. He is best known for playing the part of Rhett Butler in the 1939 movie version of "Gone with the Wind". Gable won an Academy Award for playing Fletcher Christian in the 1935 movie version of "Mutiny on the Bounty". He also starred in "It Happened One Night" with Claudette Colbert and "Mogambo" with Grace Kelly and Ava Gardner.


title: Clark Gable

text: Gable was born on February 1, 1901 in Cadiz, Ohio. He was married five times. He had two children. The last movie that Gable starred in was "The Misfits", in 1961. This movie also starred Marilyn Monroe and was written by Arthur Miller. Gable died shortly afterwards in Los Angeles, California, after having had a fourth coronary thrombosis.


title: File system

text: A File system (or filesystem) is a way of storing all data on a data storage device. The data is usually organized in computer files in directories. Below the file system there is usually a physical device where the files are stored. This might be a hard disk, USB flash drive, compact disc, or DVD. The file system might also talk to a remote server over a network where the file is stored. The file system might also only use RAM to store the files.