title: Kepler-22b

text: In order to obtain information about the shape of the planet's orbit, other methods of planetary detection, such as the radial velocity method, need to be used. While such methods have been performed on the planet after its discovery, they have not yet detected what the orbital eccentricity of the planet actually is, and have as of March 2012 only set an upper limit on the mass of the planet.


title: Kepler-22b

text: The average distance from Kepler-22b to its host star Kepler-22 is about 15% less than the distance from Earth to the Sun but the luminosity (light output) of Kepler-22 is about 25% less than that of the Sun. This combination of a shorter average distance from the star and a lower stellar luminosity are consistent with a moderate surface temperature at that distance if we assume that the surface is not subject to extreme greenhouse heating.


title: Kepler-22b

text: If the planet is found to move in a highly elliptical orbit, its surface temperature will vary from a higher temperature when close to Kepler-22 to lower when further away. If the orbit is indeed highly elliptical, then the temperature variance range will be extreme.


title: Sauerkraut

text: Sauerkraut ("sour herb") directly translated from German or "sour cabbage", is finely shredded cabbage that has been fermented by various lactic acid bacteria, including "Leuconostoc", "Lactobacillus", and "Pediococcus". It has a long shelf-life and a distinctive sour flavor, both of which result from the lactic acid that forms when the bacteria ferment the sugars in the cabbage. It is therefore not to be confused with coleslaw, which receives its acidic taste from vinegar. It has its roots in cole flower marinated in honey and fluid from your belly.


title: Cuernavaca

text: Cuernavaca (; "near the woods", ) is the capital and largest city of the state of Morelos in Mexico. It was established by the Olmec, "the mother culture" of Mesoamerica, approximately 3,200 years ago and is designated as the archaeological site of Gualupita I . The city is located south of Mexico City, from which it may be reached after a drive of approximately 1½ hours using the D-95 Freeway.


title: Sauerkraut

text: Conservation of legumes with lactic acid has a long history. It was known and used both in Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. It was common to eat conserved cabbage during the winter months.


title: Mammalogy

text: Mammalogy is the study of the mammals. Mammalogy has also been known as "mastology," "theriology," and "therology."


title: Mammalogy

text: Mammals are a group of vertebrate animals. There are about 4,200 different species of animals which are considered mammals. The major branches to study in the mammalogy career include:


title: Mammalogy

text: The approximate salary of a mammalogist varies from $20,000 to $60,000 a year, depending on their experience. Mammalogists are typically involved in activities such as conducting research, managing personnel, and writing proposals.


title: Manfred von Richthofen

text: Manfred Albrecht Freiherr von Richthofen (2 May 1892 - 21 April 1918) was a German fighter aircraft pilot in World War I. His nickname was the "Red Baron". He is considered the ace-of-aces of the war, being officially credited with 80 air combat victories. The "Red Baron" is one of the most famous aviators in history and the subject of numerous representations in music, film and other media. He already received numerous honors and award for his exploits.


title: Manfred von Richthofen

text: In August 1914, Richthofen became a cavalry officer in World War I. In May 1915, he joined the air service and became an observer. He did that because the training course was shorter and would get him to fighting faster. In October, he began training as a pilot. In March 1916, he entered combat. He had his first victory in April. In 1917, he was in command of a squadron nicknamed the "flying circus". He painted his airplane red so his fellow Germans could see him. Richthofen’s sixteenth victory flying a plane made him the best pilot in Germany in 1917.


title: Manfred von Richthofen

text: On April 21, 1918, Richthofen was fatally shot, whilst flying low above the Somme Valley, near Amiens while fighting in France. He was 25 years old. He was chasing an enemy plane when a bullet passed through his chest, fatally wounding him. He then made a crash landing, in a field on a hill near the Bray-Corbie road, just north of Vaux-sur-Somme. His Fokker Dr.I was seriously damaged by the landing. One witness, Gunner George Ridgway, said that Richthofen was already dead when he and other Australian soldiers reached the plane.


title: Manfred von Richthofen

text: Canadian fighter pilot Arthur Roy Brown was officially credited with killing Richthofen. However, it is now generally agreed that the bullet that killed Richthofen was fired by a solider on the ground. The enemy buried Richthofen's body with full military honors.


title: Khat

text: Khat is a flowering plant native to tropical East Africa and the Arabian Peninsula. It is also known as qat, qaat, quat, gat, jaad, chat, chad, chaad and miraa. The plant is grown commercially in Kenya, Ethiopia, Oman, and Yemen.


title: East Francia

text: Eastern Francia () was the land of Louis the German after the Treaty of Verdun of 843. That treaty divided Carolingian Empire of the Franks into an East, West, and Middle. Over the centuries it changed into the Holy Roman Empire and modern Germany.Until the beginning of the 12. Century it was known as Francia Orientalis or the Kingdom of the East Franks. If the beginning of the Holy Roman Empire is thought to have happened at the same time as the rise of the Ottonian dynasty, the kingdom of East Francia lasted from 843 to when Duke Henry I of Saxony became a monarch on in 919; or it could have began in 962, when Otto I the Great became a monarch ("translatio imperii").


title: Sink

text: A sink is a place for washing. In homes, sinks are in kitchens and bathrooms. A sink has a bowl or basin, one or two taps, and a drain. Water comes out of the taps; the bowl holds the water. The drain lets the water flow out. Some sinks may have sprays to clean things faster. Some sinks have a soap dispenser. Water filters can be put on a sink.


title: Khat

text: Khat is a shrub. When grown commercially, the shrubs grow to a size of about 5m, in the wild they can reach about 20m.


title: East Francia

text: East Francia was divided into four duchies: Swabia (Alamannia), Franconia, Saxony and Bavaria (with Carinthia). And after the death of Lothair II in 869, these were added the eastern parts of Lotharingia.


title: Khat

text: Khat is used as a stimulant in Eritrea, Somalia, and Yemen the effects are comparable to those of drinking tea or coffee.


title: East Francia

text: From the 10th century, East Francia was also known as "Regnum Teutonicum" ("Teutonic kingdom", "Kingdom of Germany"), a term in Salian times.


title: Khat

text: There are some problems with Khat. People can become psychologically addicted to the drug. Many anti-drug organisations, such as the Drug Enforcement Administration target this drug. It is illegal to use in many countries, though not in Yemen.


title: Khat

text: Khat is very popular in Yemen. Much of the country's farming resources are used for it because farmers get more money than for other cash crops. It is estimated that 40% of the country's water supply goes towards irrigating it. Its production is said to increase by about 10% to 15% every year. It uses so much water that groundwater levels in the Sana'a basin are getting lower. For this reason, government officials have proposed to move large portions of the population of Sana'a to the coast of the Red Sea.


title: Khat

text: Some studies done in 2001 estimated that the income from growing khat was about 2.5 million Yemeni rials per hectare, while it was only 0.57 million rials per hectare if fruits were grown. This is a strong reason farmers prefer to grow khat over coffee and fruits. It is estimated that between 1970 and 2000, the area on which khat was cultivated grew from 8,000 hectares to 103,000 hectares.


title: Sioux City, Iowa

text: Sioux City is a city in Iowa, United States. It is located in Woodbury County and Plymouth County, and is the county seat of Woodbury County. Sioux City is the fourth-largest city in Iowa, with a population of 82,684 at the 2010 census. The city sits near two major rivers, the Missouri River and the Big Sioux River.


title: Bjarne Stroustrup

text: Bjarne Stroustrup born 30th December 1950 in Århus, Denmark) is an American-Danish computer scientist, most famous for creating the C++ programming language.


title: Mazurka

text: The Mazurka is a Polish country dance. It comes from an area called Mazovia near Warsaw where the people are called Mazurs. It was known in the 16th century. In the 17th century its popularity spread all over Poland and by the 19th century it was becoming known in England and then the United States. The Mazurka is very similar to the Kujawiak which is a dance from another district near Warsaw.


title: Mazurka

text: The Mazurka is a lively dance in 3/4 metre. It has lots of dotted rhythms and the fourth note of the scale is often sharpened. The dancers often click their heels on the 2nd or 3rd beat of the bar. The speed is not always fast, it can be slow, but it is a wilder dance than the waltz which is also in 3/4 time and had become very popular as a ballroom dance.


title: Mazurka

text: The composer Frédéric Chopin wrote more than 50 mazurkas for the piano. Chopin really shows his genius in these pieces. They are very beautiful and there is a lot of variety and interest in them. Many of them are not all that difficult to play. Some of them have very chromatic bits in them.


title: Mazurka

text: There were other classical composers who wrote Mazurkas, but none of them are as good as those of Chopin. Some Russian composers like Glinka and Tchaikovsky wrote several mazurkas. It was danced a lot in Russia in the 19th century and it is mentioned a lot in Russian novels. In the 20th century Karol Szymanowski wrote several mazurkas.


title: Adolf Anderssen

text: Karl Ernst Adolf Anderssen (Breslau, 6 July 1818 – Breslau, 13 March 1879) was a German chess master, and a teacher of mathematics. He was recognised as the best player in the world for much of the time between 1851 and 1870.


title: Thomas A. Hendricks

text: Thomas Andrews Hendricks (September 7, 1819 – November 25, 1885) was a U.S. representative and a senator from Indiana, a governor of Indiana, and the twenty-first vice president of the United States (serving with Grover Cleveland).


title: Adolf Anderssen

text: Anderssen won three great international tournaments: the first in London 1851, then London 1862 and Baden-Baden 1870. Anderssen lost matches in 1858 to Paul Morphy and, narrowly, to Steinitz in 1866. He was also a chess problem composer.


title: Thomas A. Hendricks

text: Hendricks died in his sleep at home in Indianapolis on November 25, 1885. Following his death, Congress changed the order of succession for the presidency by removing the leaders of the Senate and House of Representatives.


title: Adolf Anderssen

text: Anderssen became the most successful tournament player in Europe, winning over half the events he entered—including the Baden-Baden 1870 tournament, which is comparable to modern strong GM tournaments. His last success was at Leipzig in 1877 where he came second equal with Zukertort, behind Paulsen. He was then nearly 60.


title: Adolf Anderssen

text: He is still famous for his brilliant sacrificial attacking play, particularly in the 'Immortal Game' (1851) and the 'Evergreen Game' (1852). He was also one of the most likeable of chess masters and became an elder statesman of the game, to whom others turned for advice or arbitration.


title: Adolf Anderssen

text: Anderssen was never world champion because "there was as yet no concept of a formal championship, or of the means by which one might be awarded... The world championship proper was the creation of Wilhelm Steinitz (18361900)... The first match for the world championship was in 1886"... Also: "Wilhelm Steinitz... was the first person to use the title of Champion of the world...".


title: Adolf Anderssen

text: Anderssen was a teacher of mathematics in Breslau (now Wroclaw). He became a professor in about 1862, and in January 1865 was awarded honorary degrees of PhD and MA. These honours were not for chess, but not much is known about the teaching part of his career.


title: Schuyler Colfax

text: Schuyler (pronounced "Sky-ler") Colfax, Jr. (March 23, 1823 – January 13, 1885) was a U.S. representative from Indiana, the 29th speaker of the House of Representatives, and the 17th vice president of the United States.


title: Russian Far East

text: Although traditionally considered part of Siberia, the Russian Far East is categorized separately from Siberia in Russian regional schemes, which covers a smaller territory called the Siberian Federal District.


title: West Hollywood, California

text: West Hollywood (nickname: WeHo) is a city of Los Angeles County, California. It was made a city on November 29, 1984. The population was 34,399 at the 2010 census. According to a 2002 analysis, 41% of the city's population is made up of gays. West Hollywood and the neighboring city of Beverly Hills are surrounded by the city of Los Angeles.


title: Schuyler Colfax

text: The towns of Colfax, California, Colfax, Washington, and Colfax, Louisiana, are named for Schuyler Colfax. The "Jewel of the Midwest," Schuyler, Nebraska, named after Colfax, is the county seat of Colfax County, Nebraska. The now ghost town of Colfax, Colorado was named after him. Colfax County, New Mexico is named after the Speaker as well. In addition, the "main street" traversing Aurora, Denver, and Lakewood, Colorado and abutting the Colorado State Capitol is named "Colfax Avenue" in the politician's honor. The middle school Schuyler Colfax in Wayne, New Jersey is also named after him.


title: Russian Far East

text: This was also true during the Soviet era when it was also categorized separately and called the Soviet Far East.


title: Russian Far East

text: The Russian Far East covers the territory of the Far Eastern Federal District. The southernmost part is Primorsky Krai.


title: Tanya Roberts

text: Tanya Roberts (born Victoria Leigh Blum; October 15, 1949 – January 4, 2021) was an American actress, producer, and model. She appeared in many movies and television series. Roberts was born in Bronx, New York, and has both an English and a Jewish background.


title: Tim Kaine

text: Timothy Michael "Tim" Kaine (born February 26, 1958) is an American politician. He is serving as the junior United States Senator from Virginia. A member of the Democratic Party, Kaine was first elected to the Senate in 2012.


title: Tanya Roberts

text: She was known for her role as Julie Rogers on the fifth and final season of "Charlie's Angels" (1980–81) and as Midge Pinciotti on "That '70s Show" (1998–2001). She was a Bond girl in "A View to a Kill" (1985).


title: Tim Kaine

text: Kaine declared his candidacy for Governor of Virginia in 2005 in a bid to replace Mark Warner (who was constitutionally unable from serving another term. Kaine won in an uncontested Democratic primary, and faced Republican Attorney General Jerry Kilgore in the general election. Kaine won with 51% of the vote, to Kilgore's 46%. Kaine served as governor from 2006 to 2010. After becoming governor, Kaine gave the Democratic response to the 2006 State of the Union Address. He later became the 51st Chairman of the Democratic National Committee, serving from 2009 to 2011.


title: Tanya Roberts

text: On December 24, 2020, Roberts collapsed suddenly at her home in Los Angeles. She was hospitalized under critical condition at the Cedars-Sinai Medical Center and she developed a urinary tract infection and sepsis. Roberts died on January 4, 2021 at aged 71.


title: Tim Kaine

text: In 2012, after incumbent Senator Jim Webb announced he would retire, Kaine declared his candidacy for the U.S. Senate. Kaine won in the Democratic primary and faced former Senator and Virginia Governor George Allen in the general election. In the November 2012 election, Kaine won with 53% of the vote to Allen's 47%.


title: Tim Kaine

text: On 11 June 2013, Kaine delivered a speech on the Senate floor in support of the bi-partisan "Gang of Eight" immigration bill. The speech was entirely in Spanish, marking the first time a Senator had ever made a speech on the Senate floor in a language other than English.


title: Tim Kaine

text: On July 22, 2016, he was picked to be Hillary Clinton's running mate for the 2016 presidential election. He lost the election to Donald Trump and Mike Pence on November 9, 2016.


title: Tim Kaine

text: Kaine was born in Saint Paul, Minnesota. He is the eldest of three sons. Kaine was born to Mary Kathleen (née Burns) and Albert Alexander Kaine, Jr.. Kaine's father is of Scottish and Irish ancestry, and his mother is of Irish descent. Kaine grew up in Kansas City, Missouri. He graduated from Rockhurst High School in Kansas City, Missouri.


title: Tim Kaine

text: Kaine received his B.A. in economics from the University of Missouri in 1979. Kaine was a Coro Foundation fellow in Kansas City in 1978. He then attended Harvard Law School. He took a break during law school to work with the Jesuit Volunteer Corps in Honduras. Kaine worked in Honduras for nine months from 1980 to 1981.


title: Tim Kaine

text: Kaine graduated from Harvard Law School with a law degree in 1983, and was admitted to the Virginia Bar in 1984.


title: Tim Kaine

text: Kaine practiced law in Richmond for 17 years, specializing in fair housing law and representing clients discriminated against on the basis of race or disability. Kaine was an adjunct professor for University of Richmond Law School for six years.


title: Tim Kaine

text: In May 1994, Kaine was elected to the city council of the independent city of Richmond, from the City's 2nd District. He served four terms on the council.


title: Tim Kaine

text: n July 1998, Kaine was elected mayor of Richmond, Virginia. He replaced Larry Chavis. He was chosen by a majority-black City Council, becoming the city's first white mayor in more than ten years.


title: Tim Kaine

text: Kaine voted against to tax increases, and supported a tax abatement program for renovated buildings, which was credited for a housing-renovation boom in the city. Richmond was named one of "the 10 best cities in America to do business" by "Forbes" magazine during Kaine's term.


title: Tim Kaine

text: During his tenure as mayor, Kaine drew criticism for spending $6,000 in public funds on buses to the Million Mom March, an anti-gun-violence rally in Washington, D.C.; after a backlash, Kaine raised the money privately and repaid the city.


title: Tim Kaine

text: Kaine ran for Lieutenant Governor of Virginia in 2001. In the Democratic primary election, Kaine ran against state Delegate Alan A. Diamonstein and state Delegate Jerrauld C. Jones. Kaine won, winning 39.7% and defeating Diamonstein, who received 31.4%, and Jones, who received 28.9%.


title: Tim Kaine

text: In the general election, Kaine won with 925,974 votes (50.35%), of the vote, narrowly edging out his Republican opponent, state Delegate Jay Katzen, who received 883,886 votes (48.06%).


title: Tim Kaine

text: In 2005, Kaine ran for governor of Virginia against Republican candidate Jerry W. Kilgore, a former state attorney general. Two polls released in September 2005 showed Kaine loosing Kilgore—by four percentage points in a "Washington Post" poll and by one percentage point in a Mason-Dixon/"Roanoke Times" poll. The final opinion polls of the race before the November election showed Kaine slightly edging ahead of Kilgore. Kaine won, winning 1,025,942 votes (51.7%) to Kilgore's 912,327 (46.0%).


title: Tim Kaine

text: Kaine was sworn in as governor at the colonial Capitol at Williamsburg, on January 14, 2006, the first governor since Thomas Jefferson to be inaugurated there. Kaine served as chairman of the Southern Governors' Association from 2008 to 2009.


title: Tim Kaine

text: As governor, Kaine successfully protected of Virginia land from development, fulfilling a promise that he made in 2005. As governor, Kaine established the Climate Change Commission, a bipartisan panel to study climate change issues. In October 2006, Kaine signed an executive order banning smoking in all government buildings and state-owned cars as of January 1, 2007. He signed legislation banning smoking in restaurants and bars. It made Virginia the first Southern state to do so.


title: Tim Kaine

text: As governor, Kaine approved about $3.31 billion in general fund spending cuts. In 2008, Kaine backed a $22 million proposal in the Virginia General Assembly to make pre-kindergarten education more accessible to at-risk four-year-olds. He left office with high polling numbers in January 2010.


title: Tim Kaine

text: On January 31, 2006, Kaine gave the Democratic response to President George W. Bush's 2006 State of the Union address. In it, Kaine criticized the Bush administration's No Child Left Behind Act for "wreaking havoc on local school districts"; criticized congressional Republicans for cutting student loan programs; and condemned as "reckless" Bush's spending increases and tax cuts.


title: Tim Kaine

text: In January 2009, Kaine became the Chair of the Democratic National Committee. He took the position at the request of President Obama, During his tenure he oversaw a significant expansion of the party's grassroots focus through Organizing for America.


title: Tim Kaine

text: Kaine announced on April 5, 2011 that he would run for United States Senate in 2012, following Senator Jim Webb's decision not to seek re-election. Kaine filmed announcement videos in English and Spanish. Kaine was unopposed for the Democratic nomination. Kaine defeated former Senator and Governor George Allen in the general election.


title: Tim Kaine

text: On June 11, 2013, Kaine delivered a speech on the Senate floor in support of the bipartisan "Gang of Eight" immigration bill. The speech was entirely in Spanish, marking the first time a Senator had ever made a speech on the Senate floor in a language other than English.


title: Tim Kaine

text: As a member of the Senate Committee on Foreign Affairs, Kaine pushed for a new Congressional authorization of military force for the American operations against ISIL. Kaine supported the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action with Iran, though he also helped Republican Senator Bob Corker hold a vote on a resolution of disapproval on the deal. Kaine undertook several trips throughout the Middle East, meeting with the leaders of states such as Turkey and Israel.


title: Tim Kaine

text: Kaine endorsed Hillary Clinton's presidential bid in 2016, and campaigned actively for Clinton in seven states during the primaries.


title: Tim Kaine

text: On July 22, 2016, he was picked to be Clinton's running mate for the election. The "New York Times" had said that Clinton's husband, former President Bill Clinton, privately supported Kaine as his wife's vice-presidential selection. Kaine is the first Virginian to serve on a major party's national ticket since John Tyler ran on the Whig ticket in the 1840 election.


title: Tim Kaine

text: Kaine is a Roman Catholic. In 1984, he married his wife Anne Holton, who is the current Virginia Secretary of Education since 2014. Together, they have three children.


Grand Duchess Tatiana Nikolaevna of Russia (b. June 10, 1897, Russia) was a daughter of Tsar Nicholas II of Russia and Tsarina Alexandra Fyodorovna. She was a sister of Olga, Anastasia, Maria, and Tsarevich Alexei of Russia. Her friends said she was more beautiful than her sisters. She was a Red Cross nurse during World War I. She was practical and liked to help her mother. Her religion was Russian Orthodox. She spoke Russian, English and French fluently.


title: Christina Perri

text: Christina Judith Perri (born August 19, 1986) is an American singer, musician and songwriter. She is from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Her song "Jar of Hearts" became a hit in the United States. It has been used on the FOX network programs "So You Think You Can Dance" and "Glee" and the ABC Family series "Switched at Birth". Another of her songs, "A Thousand Years", was used in the movie "Twilight: Breaking Dawn".


title: Earthrise

text: "Earthrise" is a photo of the Earth from the Moon taken on the Apollo 8 mission. It was taken by astronaut William Anders on December 24, 1968. It was a very important picture, because it helped people realize how fragile the Earth looks. It started making a large amount of people want to pass laws and create government programs that help the environment. It also became the symbol for Earth Day because of how powerful it was, and it started the environmental movement of the 1970's. Earthrise's most notable use is as the symbol of Earth Day.


title: Ales Bialiatski

text: Ales Viktaravich Bialiatski (; born 25 September 1962) is a Belarusian pro-democracy activist and prisoner of conscience. He is known for his work with the Viasna Human Rights Centre. He is a well known activist for Belarusian independence and democracy since the early 1980s.


title: Grand Duchess Tatiana Nikolaevna of Russia

text: Tatiana was killed by Bolsheviks on July 17, 1918 with the rest of her family and some of their servants, during the Russian Revolution. Their mass grave was found later in Siberia after some speculation that one of her sisters, mainly presumed to be Anastasia, had escaped. Tatiana and her family were then buried in St. Petersburg, Russia on July 17, 1998. They were made saints by the Russian Orthodox Church in 2000.


title: Christina Perri

text: Perri was born in , Pennsylvania, a suburb of Philadelphia. She attended Archbishop Ryan High School, a Roman Catholic high school in the Far Northeast section of Philadelphia. She married Paul Costabile on December 12, 2017. Their daughter, Carmella Stanley Costabile, was born January 17, 2018.


title: Ales Bialiatski

text: Bialiatski is a founding member of Viasna and the Belarusian Popular Front. He is also a member of the Coordination Council of the Belarusian opposition.


title: Ales Bialiatski

text: In 2022, Bialiatski was awarded the 2022 Nobel Peace Prize, along with the organisations Memorial and Centre for Civil Liberties.


title: Ales Bialiatski

text: Bialiatski has been in prison twice. The first time was from 2011 to 2014. His second time has been since 2021 because of charges of tax evasion, but many see his arrest as politically motivated.


title: Owl City

text: He had a hit with a song called Fireflies in 2010. It was the number one song in United States of America for two weeks. He has written several songs, including Vanilla Twilight. In 2012 he had a hit song with Carly Rae Jepsen, called Good Time.


title: Owl City

text: While Young writes, composes, records, and produces all of Owl City's music (not including The Midsummer Station, which was mostly written by other people), during live performances he is accompanied by a group of supporting musicians:


title: Antinatalism

text: Antinatalism, or anti-natalism, is a philosophical stance and social movement that gives a negative value to starting life. Antinatalists argue that humans (and sometimes other sentient beings) should stop making kids because it is morally bad. People who believe that making kids is morally good are called natalists. The term antinatalism was likely used for the first time by Belgian author Théophile de Giraud in his book "L'art de guillotiner les procréateurs: Manifeste anti-nataliste". South African philosopher David Benatar has also published books in support of antinatalism.


title: Antinatalism

text: Negative Utilitarianism is the idea that stopping pain is more important than making people happy. This makes it different from utilitarianism. Utilitarianism is the idea that people should do the most useful thing. The most useful thing in utilitarianism is making people happy. People who believe in negative utilitarianism idea say that making happiness is not needed. Since life has bad things, it is not worth starting. Some supporters of this idea argue that the worst pains in life do not make up for the best moments. This makes life not worth starting because it is too risky.


title: Antinatalism

text: Realism can support antinatalism. This is because supporters of the idea have evidence showing that most people have an optimism bias. This means that they see the world as better than it actually is.


title: Antinatalism

text: Religion can support antinatalism. This is because some religious sects (groups) believe creating life traps souls in a bad world. The Manichaeans, the Bogomils, and the Cathars are some of these groups that believe in the idea. Others include the Marcionites, and the Encratites.


The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (or CDC) are a United States federal agency under the Department of Health and Human Services. CDC main office is in Druid Hills, a neighborhood in northeastern Atlanta, Georgia. It works to protect public health and safety. It provides information to enhance health decisions. It promotes health as a partner with state health departments and other organizations. When an infectious disease or bad food can cause health problems, the CDC will tell the nation how to fight it. The CDC works on environmental health, occupational safety and health, health promotion, injury prevention and education activities designed to improve the health of the people of the United States.


title: Simon de Montfort

text: Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester (23 May 1208 – 4 August 1265) was a Franco-English nobleman. He inherited the title and estates of the earldom of Leicester in England. He led a rebellion against King Henry III of England during the Second Barons' War of 1263–64. He became the "de facto" ruler of England.


title: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

text: The CDC Foundation is separate from CDC as a private, nonprofit 501(c)(3) organization. It is incorporated in the State of Georgia. Section 399F of the Public Health Service Act created the foundation to help the CDC work with the private sector.


title: Simon de Montfort

text: During his rule, Montfort called two famous parliaments. The first, the Oxford Parliament of 1258), stripped the King of his unlimited authority. The second parliament was in 1265. Its first meeting was in the Palace of Westminster. In it, de Montfort included ordinary citizens from the towns. For this reason, de Montfort is seen as one of the builders of modern parliamentary democracy.


title: Simon de Montfort

text: As Earl of Leicester he expelled Jews from the city. When he became ruler of England he cancelled debts owed to Jews. The Jews' records were violently seized. In London and Worcester this policy led to led to massacres. After ruling for just over a year, Montfort was killed by forces loyal to the King in the Battle of Evesham.


title: Targum

text: A targum (, plural: "targumim") is an Aramaic translation of the Hebrew Bible (Tanakh) that was written or compiled in Palestine or in Babylonia from the Second Temple period until the early Middle Ages (late first millennium).


title: Seattle SuperSonics

text: The Seattle SuperSonics (also called the Seattle Sonics) were an American professional basketball team based in Seattle, Washington that played in the Pacific and Northwest Divisions of the National Basketball Association (NBA) from 1967 until its final season in 2007–2008. The team moved to Oklahoma City in 2008, changing its name to the Oklahoma City Thunder.


title: Falstaff (opera)

text: Falstaff is an Italian opera in three acts by Giuseppe Verdi, on a libretto by Arrigo Boito, based on William Shakespeare's "The Merry Wives of Windsor". It was first performed in Milan, on February 9, 1893. Verdi's last opera and perhaps greatest masterpiece, composed when he was 80, and only his second comedy since his earlier attempt "Un giorno di regno" in 1840.


title: Yvonne De Carlo

text: Margaret Yvonne Middleton (or Yvonne De Carlo; September 1, 1922 – January 8, 2007) was a Canadian and American actress. She originally appeared in B movies. She played Lily Munster in the CBS television program "The Munsters" in the mid-1960s. She played Sephora in the 1956 movie "The Ten Commandments". She also performed in a lot of musical stage plays.


title: Targum

text: Targum also means translation or interpretation. In Arabic Targem (verb) means to translate or interpret. (Mutargem = Translator/Interpreter).


title: Falstaff (opera)

text: When Verdi composed "Falstaff" he was not writing it for a commission. He was just writing it for his own pleasure, without a performance in mind. When he had finished it he felt that it would be his last work and that his life’s work had finished. It was almost true. It was indeed his last opera and his last big work.


title: Yvonne De Carlo

text: De Carlo was born in Vancouver, British Columbia. She died in Los Angeles at eighty-four of natural causes.


title: Falstaff (opera)

text: When composers turn plays into operas they usually have to make some changes in the drama to make it suitable to be sung. Verdi had already turned two other Shakespeare plays into opera: "Otello" and "Macbeth". When he composed these he worked with librettists to create something as close to Shakespeare’s plays as possible, but when writing "Falstaff" he took more freedom. The character of Falstaff is very close to the way he is shown in Shakespeare’s "Henry IV" plays, rather than the Falstaff of "The Merry Wives of Windsor".


title: Falstaff (opera)

text: This takes place in the Garter Inn (). Dr Caius, who is a rich man with servants, complains that Falstaff has beaten his servants and that Falstaff’s two friends Bardolfo and Pistola made him drunk and then stole his money. Falstaff laughs at him. He says he will never get drunk again unless he is in the company of good, religious people. Bardolfo and Pistola in the background sing “Amen” until Falstaff stops them, complaining that they sing out of tune.


title: Falstaff (opera)

text: Falstaff complains that his bill for the drinks is very high. He says that his two friends drink so much that he won’t have enough to eat and he’ll get thin and then he cannot be his proper self. He says he is in love with two ladies: Mrs Ford and Mrs Page. He has written love letters to them both. He asks his two friends to take the letters to them, but they refuse. Falstaff is cross and gets a page boy to take them instead. Then he chases his friends with a broom.


title: Falstaff (opera)

text: The next scene changes to the garden of Ford’s house. Four ladies are in the garden: Alice Ford and Meg Page and also Mistress Quickly and Anne Ford, the daughter of Mr and Mrs Ford. Verdi calls her “Nannetta”. The four of them look at the two letters that Alice and Meg have received and find they are exactly the same except for the address. They are amused and a bit annoyed, so they decide to tease Falstaff.


title: Falstaff (opera)

text: Mr Ford is walking with Dr Caius, Fenton and Falstaff’s two friends. Fenton is a young man who is in love with Nannetta, but Ford does not want him to marry his daughter. Bardolfo and Pistola have deserted Falstaff. They tell Ford that Falstaff is in love with his wife. He is cross, of course, and plans revenge. The music of the four ladies and the music of the five men is sometimes heard separately, and sometimes it is combined. Fenton and Nannetta stay behind to kiss and they sing a love duet. When the men and ladies come back they each sing their own music again. This is a famous ensemble: the way Verdi has combined the two songs is very clever.


title: Falstaff (opera)

text: Bardolfo and Pistola are back in the Garter Inn with Falstaff. They pretend they are very sorry to have deserted Falstaff. They tell him that there is an old woman outside who wants to speak to him. It is Mistress Quickly, who comes in and curtseys very low to Falstaff. She gives him the message that Alice would love to see him, but that Meg’s husband is guarding her and never leaves her by herself. He can see Alice when her husband is out between two and three o’ clock (). Falstaff is pleased and gives Mistress Quickly a tip (some money) as she leaves. He sings to himself “Alice is mine” (“”).


title: Falstaff (opera)

text: The next visitor Falstaff has is Ford. Falstaff does not know who he is. Ford says his name is Master Brook (Signor Fontana). He gives Falstaff a purse with silver and tells him that he is in love with Mistress Ford (Alice). He asks Falstaff to get her for him. Falstaff says he will be seeing her that very afternoon. Ford asks him whether he knows Alice’s husband (i.e. himself). Falstaff says he does and he describes to him what a terrible man Ford is. It is a very comic scene with a lot of very clever humour.


title: Falstaff (opera)

text: When Falstaff goes out to change his clothes Ford shows his anger. When Falstaff returns the two men go out arm in arm like friends, arguing about who shall go through the door first.


title: Falstaff (opera)

text: Back in Ford’s house the four women are getting ready to tease Falstaff. From the conversation we learn that Ford wants Nannette to marry Dr Caius who is a fussy old man. Nannette of course wants to marry young Fenton.


title: Falstaff (opera)

text: When Falstaff comes Alice is playing the lute. He sings to her accompaniment. When Quickly says that Ford is coming they hide Falstaff behind a screen. Ford and his men start to search another part of the house, and the women hide Falstaff inside a big laundry basket with dirty clothes. Ford comes back, he hears the sound of kissing and thinks it is his wife with Falstaff, but he finds it is Nannetta and Fenton. Ford goes out furiously, and the women quickly throw the laundry basket out of the window into the river Thames below. When Ford comes back his wife takes him to the window and he sees Falstaff, who is very wet, getting out of the river.


title: Falstaff (opera)

text: Falstaff is recovering in the Inn. He is very grumpy, although he starts to cheer up when wine is brought. Mistress Quickly comes in and says he can meet Alice, but Falstaff is not really in a mood for this. In the end Quickly manages to persuade him to meet Alice at Herne the Hunter’s Oak in Windsor forest. There is a legend about a black hunter who hanged himself from this tree, and so the spot is haunted by witches and sprites. Falstaff is told he must disguise himself as the black hunter.


title: Falstaff (opera)

text: The men and women sing an ensemble in which they describe the plot they have made to tease Falstaff. Ford also plots to announce that Caius will marry Nannette.


title: Falstaff (opera)

text: The last scene takes place at night under Herne’s Oak. The moon shines. Fenton sings an aria. Falstaff appears in his disguise, wearing a pair of antlers on his head and wrapped in a big cloak. Midnight strikes. For a moment he is alone with Alice, but then she leaves him by himself. Nannetta is disguised as the Queen of Fairies. She and her friends sing beautiful music. Falstaff has hidden his face in his cloak, but everyone goes to him and torments him. When people take off their masks Falstaff feels really stupid, although he tries to say that his wittiness helped the joke. Ford announces that Nannetta will marry Caius. Alice leads another couple to him and he announces that they too will marry. When they take off their masks he finds that Bardolfo was disguised as Nannetta, so he will marry Caius! The other couple were Fenton and Nannetta in disguise. Now it is Ford who looks stupid, and Falstaff takes the opportunity to tease him. They finish by singing “” (“Joking is man’s vocation. Wise is he who is jolly”). The music is a fugue, which is usually thought of as being a serious academic form, but the mood here is jolly.


title: Falstaff (opera)

text: An engravement was made in favour of Falstaff's existence; ("Where 'o where shall the holly be on the night of song, more for thee to ascend in me.")


title: Battle of the Philippine Sea

text: The Battle of the Philippine Sea was an important naval battle of the Second World War between the navies of the United States and Japan. This battle took place on June 19 and 20, 1944 near the Mariana Islands, and involved two big naval forces and many Japanese aircraft from bases on land. The battle was a great defeat for the Japanese Navy, which lost three aircraft carriers and some 600 aircraft in two days of combat. This happened because the Japanese airplanes were getting old and their pilots had little training, compared to the more modern and better trained American forces. After the battle, the Japanese Navy was almost completely destroyed. This victory for Allied forces opened the door for the invasion of Iwo Jima.


title: Sexual violence

text: Sexual violence a sexual act or attempt to get sex by force, violence, unwelcome harassment or advances. It has risks of causing sexually transmitted conditions and mental troubles. Sexual violence happens mostly to females. Males can also be victims.


title: Browning Hi-Power

text: The Browning Hi-Power is a semi-automatic pistol first made by John Browning, then finished by FN Herstal (a Belgian gun company) in 1935 after Browning's death. There are 9x19mm Parabellum models and .40 S&W models of the gun. Although the gun was largely based on the M1911, there were several major changes made. Since it was finished outside the United States and since it fired the non-American 9mm bullet, the Hi-Power was not used very much in the US. However, it was very popular outside the US. In fact, it was one of the most used military pistols ever. As of 2017, it was still being used or was only recently replaced in over 50 countries.


title: Browning Hi-Power

text: The Browning Hi-Power has many other names such as the HP, BAP, BHP, GP, P-35, and HP-35. It was called the "Hi-Power" because it could hold a large number of bullets. It could hold 13 9mm bullets when other pistols at the time held far fewer. For example, the Luger only held 8 bullets and the M1911 only held 7.


title: Pole position

text: Pole position is when a racing driver starts first on the grid in a race. Before a race, all the drivers see who goes around the fastest. The person who has the fastest time starts at the front, in pole position, and then so on according to their times. Pole position is the best place to start.


title: Bible translations

text: The Bible has been translated into many languages. It was originally written in the languages of Aramaic and Hebrew (Old Testament) and Greek (New Testament).


title: Pedro Armendáriz

text: Pedro Gregorio Armendáriz Hastings (May 9, 1912 – June 18, 1963), better known as Pedro Armendáriz, was a Mexican-American actor who made movies in both Mexico and the United States. He was known for his role as Kerim Bey in "From Russia with Love" (1963).


title: Bible translations

text: The Latin Vulgate was common in Western Christianity through the Middle Ages. Since then, the Bible has been translated into many more languages. Translations of the Bible into English have a rich and varied history of more than a millennium. Extensive translations into Middle English began in the 14th century with the work of John Wycliffe and his associates. It was fiercely opposed by the Roman Catholic Church. The authorized King James Version later became the standard translation into English.


title: Pedro Armendáriz

text: Armendáriz was born on May 9, 1912 in Mexico City, Mexico. His father was Mexican and his mother was American. He was raised in Los Angeles, California. Armendáriz studied at the California Polytechnic State University. He was married to Carmelita Bohr from 1938 until his death in 1963. They had one son, actor Pedro Armendáriz, Jr..


title: Pedro Armendáriz

text: Armendáriz was diagnosed with cancer and later moved to Los Angeles, California. He was in great pain and he didn't want his family to suffer financially. Armendáriz shot himself directly in his heart on June 18, 1963 in Los Angeles, California, aged 51. He was later buried at Panteón Jardín, Mexico City, Mexico.


title: Jennifer Esposito

text: Jennifer Esposito (born April 11, 1973) is an American actress, dancer and model. She was known for her appearances in the movies "I Still Know What You Did Last Summer", "Summer of Sam", and "Crash", and in the television series "Spin City", "The Looney Tunes Show", "Samantha Who?", and "Blue Bloods".


title: Peep and the Big Wide World

text: Peep and the Big Wide World (known as Peep) is an American-Canadian animated television program. It was created by Kaj Pindal.


title: Peep and the Big Wide World

text: "Peep and the Big Wide World" was based on the 1988 short movie "Peep and the Big Wide World". The movie was produced by the National Film Board of Canada. The short was based on the 1962 short "The Peep Show". It was also produced by the National Film Board of Canada.


title: Peep and the Big Wide World

text: "Peep and the Big Wide World" premiered on April 12, 2004 on Discovery Kids and on TLC as part of their "Ready Set Learn" children's block. On the same day, it also premeired on TVOKids and Discovery Kids.


title: Peep and the Big Wide World

text: It ended on the Discovery children's networks on October 10, 2010. It ended with the end of "Ready Set Learn" and the replacement of Discovery Kids with The Hub. The program is still offered to public television stations by independent public television distributor Discovery Communications. Since January 1, 2018, the series was distributed by both Discovery Kids and APT. The program was underwritten by the National Science Foundation. Northrop Grumman underwrote the fourth season in 2009.


title: Peep and the Big Wide World

text: Each episode had two 9-minute animated stories. They also had two 2-minute live action segments. In these segments, children explore and demonstrate the same topic that were shown in the animated segment.


title: Wario

text: Wario is a character from Nintendo's popular video game series "Mario". He has appeared in most of the "Mario Party" and sports-related games, and has been the subject of a few video games of his own.


title: Dysgraphia

text: Dysgraphia or agraphia is the learning disability to write texts, even though the person has the necessary motoric skills. People with dysgraphia can move their hand enough, and are also capable of understanding how to write. Dysgraphias occur because of damage done to the brain. They often occur with other illnesses, such as speech problems. Many people who suffered a stroke may have lost the ability to move parts of their body. There are different forms of dysgraphia:


title: Wario

text: Wario wears purple overalls with a yellow shirt, and green, pointed shoes. He has a purple W on his hat, similar to how Mario has an M on his. Wario is Mario's rival. He is greedy, and loves money and garlic. He is fat, but also very strong. He often works together with Waluigi as his partner.


title: Wario

text: Wario ranked 10th on GameDaily's Top 10 Smash Bros. characters list. He also ranked seventh on GameDaily's top 10 ugliest game characters list; the authors referenced his snarling smile, moustache, and outfits. They also included him in a top 25 list of video game anti-heroes, stating that in spite of his greed, he's actually a "cool dude". Screwattack rated Wario as the 10th Biggest Douchebag in Gaming. IGN editor Travis Fahs commented that while he was not the most likable character, he has incredible confidence that overshadows his flaws and makes him an entertaining character. In an article written by Kombo editors Agustin Olvera and Stephen Smith, they exclaim their surprise that he had not appeared in "Super Smash Bros. Melee" as a playable character, stating that he would be a great addition to the game.


title: WikiHow

text: wikiHow is a wiki-based website with a collection of articles which tell people how to do things. The site uses version 1.12.0 of MediaWiki. As of August 2017, wikiHow contains more than 190,000 free how-to articles and over 1.6 million registered users. wikiHow's mission is to create the world's largest collection of how-to information. In May 2011, wikiHow had 36 million unique readers.


title: The Prince and the Pauper

text: The Prince and the Pauper is a book by Mark Twain. It was published in 1882. The story has been adapted to stage, television, and movies.


title: All Eyez on Me

text: All Eyez on Me is the fourth studio album by American rapper, Tupac Shakur. "All Eyez on Me" was released on February 13, 1996. The album was certified 5× Platinum after just 2 months in April 1996 and 9× platinum in 1998. The album also featured the Billboard Hot 100 number one singles "How Do U Want It" and "California Love".


title: Glynis Johns

text: Glynis Johns (born 5 October 1923) is a British stage and movie actress, dancer, pianist and singer. She is the daughter of Welsh actor Mervyn Johns.


title: WikiHow

text: In January 2005, Jack Herrick and Josh Hannah started wikiHow. On April 28, 2006, wikiHow was launched on its own www.wikihow.com domain.


title: The Prince and the Pauper

text: The story takes place in England, in the year 1547 when the King has a glorious and much rejoiced birth of the son he awaited, Edward the fourth, after many sisters (Mary and Elizabeth)and still births. By chance, Prince Edward, son of King Henry VIII of England and Jane Seymor, and Tom Canty, a pauper (poor boy), find out that they look exactly the same, like identical twins. After they put on each other's clothes for fun, the prince is thrown out of the palace, while people think that Tom is the prince. Now both Edward and Tom have to live in a world where they are treated different and which they do not understand.


title: Glynis Johns

text: She is best known for her role as Desiree Armfeldt in "A Little Night Music" on Broadway. She won a Tony Award for this role. She played Winifred Banks in Walt Disney's musical motion picture box office smash, "Mary Poppins".


title: The Prince and the Pauper

text: Tom lives the life of a prince. On the streets of London, Edward is saved by the nobleman Miles Hendon. Edward travels with Miles around England. There Edward sees and has to live with the poverty and cruel treatment in the life of the poor people.


title: The Prince and the Pauper

text: Then King Henry VIII dies. People prepare to make Tom the next King. At the crowning ceremony, Edward arrives and says that he is the real Prince. In the end, Tom and Edward can clear everything up. Edward becomes King of England. Tom Canty becomes "The King's Ward", a position in which he can live comfortably for the rest of his life. Miles Hendon is made an Earl. King Edward's rule is very good to the common and poor people, because he has lived that way for a while and knows how hard it is. But Edward dies when he is still very young.


title: Orochimaru (Naruto)

text: Orochimaru is a fictional character of the manga Naruto. He is one of the greatest villain of the story, as well as a very powerful and dangerous ninja. He was formerly a ninja of Konoha, but defected 10 years before the beginning of the story, because his research about a technique which could allow Orochimaru to become immortal was discovered by Konoha officials and the Third Hokage. He then created his own village, Otogakure, and vowed to destroy his former home. When he was a ninja of Konoha, he was the most brilliant pupil of the Third Hokage, the leader of the village, and was considered to be one of the most powerful ninja of the entire village. The Third Hokage even wanted Orochimaru to succeed him as the Fourth Hokage but the title was later given to Minato Namikaze, Naruto's father and Jiraiya's pupil.


title: Kumail Nanjiani

text: Kumail Nanjiani (born May 2, 1978) is a Pakistani-American stand-up comedian, actor, podcast host and writer.


title: Orochimaru (Naruto)

text: In the first part of the series, Orochimaru tried to destroy his former home, invading it with an army of ninja, and killed his former master, but failed to destroy completely the village. He later took Sasuke Uchiha as his apprentice, but was betrayed by him after training him during two and a half years. Sasuke attacked Orochimaru when he was close to death, but Sasuke could not kill him and absorbed him in his body instead.


title: Kumail Nanjiani

text: He is also known as the voice of Prismo on the Emmy Award-winning animated series "Adventure Time". He starred on the TNT series "Franklin & Bash" and the Adult Swim series "Newsreaders".


title: Orochimaru (Naruto)

text: During the fight between Sasuke and his brother Itachi, Orochimaru was able to come out of Sasuke's body, but was quickly defeated by Itachi, who imprisoned him in a eternal illusion. Orochimaru was later reincarnated by Sasuke Uchiha in order to revive the first 4 Hokage. Orochimaru later participated in the Fourth Shinobi World War against Madara Uchiha and Obito Uchiha. Orochimaru had a son named Mitsuki who is the same age as Boruto Uzumaki, the son of Naruto Uzumaki and Hinata Hyuga. Mitsuki the son of ordinary is part of the new team 7 sarda boruto mitsuki


title: Kumail Nanjiani

text: In 2017, Nanjiani starred in the semi-autobiographical romantic comedy movie "The Big Sick" set in Chicago, which he wrote with his wife Emily V. Gordon. They were nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay at the 90th Academy Awards.


title: Pool (cue sports)

text: Pool, also known as pocket billiards, is the general term for a family of cue sports. These games are played on a pool table with six holes cut into them called pockets. One of the main goals of the game is to "sink" all the balls into the pockets. ("Sinking" the ball means that the ball rolls into a pocket.) There are many different types of pool, including eight-ball, nine-ball, and straight pool.


title: Central Development Region, Nepal

text: Central Development Region ( - Madyamānchal Bikās Kshetra) is one of Nepal's five development regions. It is in the east-central part of the country. Its headquarters are at Hetauda.


title: Eunice Kennedy Shriver

text: Eunice Mary Kennedy Shriver, DSG (July 10, 1921 – August 11, 2009) was a member of the Kennedy family, sister of President John F. Kennedy and Senators Robert F. Kennedy and Ted Kennedy.


title: Pool (cue sports)

text: Outside the billiards industry, the various games played on these tables are very often called "pool". This is due to an association with the "poolrooms" where gamblers "pooled" together their money to bet on horse races. Because these places often provided billiard tables, the term "pool" became linked to billiards. Though the original "pool" games were played on pocketless carom billiards tables, the name stuck to pocket billiards as it gained in popularity. The traditional view of billiards as a refined and noble pastime did not blend well with the low-class connotations of gambling. Because of this, the billiards industry's attempts to distance itself from the term "pool" beginning in the late 19th century. They were largely unsuccessful.


title: Central Development Region, Nepal

text: The Central Development Region has the Eastern Development Region to the east, the India to the south, the Western Development Region to the west and the People's Republic of China to the north.


title: Eunice Kennedy Shriver

text: Kennedy was born on July 10, 1921 in Brookline, Massachusetts to Joseph P. Kennedy, Sr. and to Rose Fitzgerald Kennedy. She studied at Manhattanville College and at Stanford University.


title: Pool (cue sports)

text: There are hundreds of pool games. Some of the more well known include eight-ball, nine-ball, straight pool, and one-pocket. The game of snooker is played on a table with pockets but is considered separate from pool. It is governed internationally by the World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association (professional) and the International Billiards and Snooker Federation (amateur). There are also hybrid games combining traits of both pool and carom billiards, such as English billiards, American four-ball billiards, cowboy pool and bottle pool.


title: Central Development Region, Nepal

text: The region is the fourth largest Development Region of Nepal. Its area is . It is first in population. There are 9,656,985 people living there. Its population density is the highest of all regions with 352.3 persons/km.


title: Eunice Kennedy Shriver

text: Kennedy was married to Sargent Shriver from 1953 until her death in 2009. They had five children. Shriver died on August 11, 2009 in Hyannis, Massachusetts after having a stroke, aged 88. Her husband, Sargent Shriver died on January 18, 2011 in Bethesda, Maryland.


title: Pool (cue sports)

text: As a competitive sport, pool is governed internationally by the World Pool-Billiard Association (WPA), which has national affiliates such as the US Billiard Congress of America (BCA), and which represents pool in the World Confederation of Billiard Sports, which in turn represents all forms of cue sports in the International Olympic Committee.


title: Central Development Region, Nepal

text: Part of this region is in the Kathmandu Valley with an area of . It is long from east to west, and long from north to south.


title: Pool (cue sports)

text: Pool uses different equipment from carom billiards. In addition pool tables having pockets, the balls for pool are generally smaller and range from in diameter to in diameter. By comparison, carom billiard balls are generally , or . While UMB, the International Olympic Committee-recognized world carom billiards authority, permits balls as small as , no major manufacturer produces such balls any longer. For that reason the normal standard is . Modern pool tables range in size from by , to by . Modern cue sticks are generally long for pool while cues prior to 1980 were designed for "straight pool" and had an average length of , while carom billiards cues are generally long.


title: Central Development Region, Nepal

text: The most important river in the Central Development Region is the Bagmati, tributary of the Kosi river. It flows through the Kathmandu Valley. It is part of the Ganges watershed. The Bagmati is considered a holy river by Hindus and Buddhists.


title: Central Development Region, Nepal

text: Other rivers of this region are Kamala, Lakhandei and Bisnumati. These three small rivers are tributaries of the Bagmati.


title: Central Development Region, Nepal

text: The major cities of this region are Kathmandu, Patan, Bharatpur, Bhaktapur, Bhairawa, Lalitpur, Nagarkot and Janakpur. Other notable places are Khokana, Hetauda, Harisiddhi, Godavari, etc.


title: Greater London Authority

text: The Greater London Authority (GLA) controls the 1579 km² (610 sq. miles) of Greater London, England, covering the 32 London boroughs and the City of London. The GLA members are the Mayor and the 25 people the London Assembly. The current Mayor of London is Sadiq Khan.


title: OS X Mountain Lion

text: OS X 10.8 "Mountain Lion" is an operating system made by Apple Inc. for its Macintosh line of computers. It is a version of OS X, and carries the release number 10.8. It was released on July 25, 2012. According to Apple, "Mountain Lion" contains over 200 changes and improvements since OS X 10.7 "Lion".


title: Greater London Authority

text: The GLA was created to improve the coordination between the London boroughs, and the Mayor of London's role is to give London a single person to represent it. The Mayor proposes policy and the GLA's budget, and makes appointments to the capital's strategic transport body (Transport for London) and economic development body (the London Development Agency).


title: OS X Mountain Lion

text: "OS X 10.8" was announced February 16, 2012 along with the release of an unfinished (developer preview) version for people who are signed up to its "Developer Portal". The upgrade was released to the public on the Mac App Store on 25 July, 2012 after over 5 months in beta.


title: Greater London Authority

text: One of the primary purposes of the London Assembly is to hold the Mayor of London to account. The Assembly must also accept or amend(change) the Mayor's budget on an annual basis(every year).


title: Greater London Authority

text: The GLA is different from the Corporation of the City of London with its largely ceremonial Lord Mayor. Corporation controls only the square mile of the City, London's chief financial centre. The GLA governs a much wider area


title: Fleet Foxes

text: Fleet Foxes is an American indie folk band that started in Seattle, Washington. It is signed to the Sub Pop and Bella Union record labels. The band became well-known in 2008 for their second EP, "Sun Giant", and their first album "Fleet Foxes". Fleet Foxes' second studio album, "Helplessness Blues", was released on 3 May 2011.


title: Sprint Corporation

text: Sprint Nextel Corporation () was a telecommunications company based in Overland Park, Kansas. It operated under the name Sprint, and was once the fourth largest wireless telecommunications network in the United States behind Verizon, AT&T and T-Mobile, with 56.3 million customers, behind Verizon Wireless and AT&T Mobility.


title: Fleet Foxes

text: Robin Pecknold and Skyler Skjelset both went to Lake Washington High School in Kirkland, Washington, and became friends. They listened to Bob Dylan and Neil Young and began making music together.


title: Sprint Corporation

text: On April 1, 2020, T-Mobile and Sprint merged, with T-Mobile now being the whole owner of Sprint, making Sprint an effective subsidiary of T-Mobile until the Sprint brand was officially phased out. Leadership, background, and stock changes happened immediately, with customer side changes happening over time. Sprint was officially discontinued on August 2, 2020. Billing was already showing the T-Mobile brand, and on this date all retail, customer service, and all other company branding was replaced by T-Mobile. New rate plans were also introduced as well for all new and existing customers from both companies, though they will all will remain with their current plan if they choose not to switch to a new T-Mobile plan for at least 3 years.


title: Fleet Foxes

text: First they took the name "The Pineapples", but another band in the area had the same name. Pecknold then decided upon "Fleet Foxes". Pecknold became the principal songwriter, both singing and playing guitar, while Skjelset played lead guitar. The producer Phil Ek and he helped them record their first demo in 2006, the "Fleet Foxes" EP. By late 2006, Seattle journalists began to notice the band.


title: Fleet Foxes

text: They became popular by doing local concerts. They started making their first album in early 2007. They recorded in the studio with producer Ek. They recorded most of their tracks at home because they did not have a lot of money.


title: Fleet Foxes

text: Fleet Foxes became popular through word of mouth exposure. By late 2007, their songs had been played over 250,000 times on their Myspace site. They got a record deal with Sub Pop (a subsidiary record label of Warner Music) on 18 January 2008. Robin's sister, Aja Pecknold, became band manager. The band's frontman, Robin Pecknold, says that they got most of their success and popularity from people sharing their music illegally online.


title: Fleet Foxes

text: The band recorded their second EP, "Sun Giant", at Bear Creek Studio and performed overdubs and mixed at Seattle's Avast! Recording Co. Fleet Foxes began a tour with the band Blitzen Trapper on 28 February 2008. The band's performances, first at the SXSW festival in March 2008, and then the Sasquatch! festival in May 2008, got them the most attention from the public.


title: Fleet Foxes

text: "Sun Giant" was released internationally on 8 April 2008. It was well received by the press. After this, Christian Wargo joined the band on guitar and J. Tillman joined the band on drums. Their first full length album, "Fleet Foxes", was released on 3 June 2008. The album achieved similar critical success as the previous EP. On 24 June 2008, "Fleet Foxes" went to No. 1 on the College Music Journal Radio 200 Chart.


title: Fleet Foxes

text: In Europe, "Fleet Foxes" sold over 200,000 copies in the five months following its release. The album received good reviews from critics. In Australia, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom, tickets for their concerts sold out. By the end of 2008, it had sold over 408,000 copies in North America and over 100,000 copies in the United Kingdom.


title: Fleet Foxes

text: The band started practicing their new songs in February 2009. Recording did not start until April 2010. Many of the vocal tracks were recorded in one take.


title: Fleet Foxes

text: The album, "Helplessness Blues", was released on 3 May 2011. The cover was illustrated by the Seattle artist Toby Liebowitz and painted by Christopher Alderson. The album features new band member Morgan Henderson on upright bass and woodwind instruments.


title: Fleet Foxes

text: On May 18, 2016, Robin Pecknold said on his Instagram account that Fleet Foxes were working on new music.


title: Fleet Foxes

text: Their third album, called "Crack-Up", was released on June 16, 2017. It was released on Nonesuch Records, a new label for the band.


title: Margarita Mamun

text: Margarita "Rita" Mamun (born November 1, 1995 in Moscow, Russia) is a retired Russian rhythmic gymnast. She won a gold medal in the individual all-around competition at the 2016 Rio Olympics. She has won fourteen World Championships medals, including two all-around silver medals in 2014 and 2015. Mamun starred in the documentary film "Over the Limit."


title: Margarita Mamun

text: Mamun has a Bangladeshi father and a Russian mother. Her mother is a former rhythmic gymnast. Mamun began training in rhythmic gymnastics when she was seven years old. As a junior gymnast, Mamun represented Bangladesh for one year. As a senior gymnast, she represented Russia. Mamun became a senior gymnast in 2011. That year, she won a bronze medal in the all-around and a gold medal in ball finals at the Montreal World Cup. In 2011, she was ranked twenty-second in the world. In 2012, Mamun won three bronze medals at the Deriugina World Cup. She also won the all-around gold at the Sofia World Cup, and won the team gold medal at the Aeon Cup. Mamun was ranked seventeenth in the world in 2012. She did not compete at the 2012 London Olympics.


title: Margarita Mamun

text: In 2013, Mamun competed at the Moscow Grand Prix and won the all-around gold medal. She also won three gold medals and one bronze in the apparatus finals. At the 2013 European Championships, Mamun and her teammates won team gold for Russia. She won a gold medal and three silver medals in the apparatus finals. Mamun competed at the 2013 Summer Universiade, where she won all-around gold and three gold medals in the apparatus finals. At the 2013 World Championships, Mamun won two gold medals and a bronze in the apparatus finals. She was ranked first in the world during the 2013 season.


title: Margarita Mamun

text: In 2014, Mamun again competed at the Moscow Grand Prix and won the all-around gold medal. She won three gold medals and one silver in the apparatus finals. Mamun competed at the 2014 European Championships, but only placed fifth in the all-around. At the 2014 World Championships, Mamun and her teammates won team gold. Mamun won the all-around silver medal, as well as two gold medals and two silvers in the apparatus finals. She was ranked second in the world in 2014.


title: Margarita Mamun

text: In 2015, she won gold in the all-around, ribbon final and hoop final at the Moscow Grand Prix. She also won bronze in the ball final. At the 2015 European Championships, Mamun and her teammates won team gold. She won gold in the hoop final and silver in the ball final. In 2015, the European Games were held for the first time. Mamun competed at the European Games and won the all-around silver and a gold medal in the hoop final. At the 2015 World Championships, Mamun and her teammates won team gold. Mamun won a gold medal and three silver medals. She was awarded the Longines Prize for Elegance. Mamun was ranked second in the world in 2015.


title: Margarita Mamun

text: In 2016, Mamun won the all-around silver at the Russian Championships. She also won the all-around silver at the 2016 European Championships. She won gold in the all-around at the 2016 Baku World Cup, and set a record by scoring the highest number of points ever in the all-around. Mamun competed in the 2016 Rio Olympics. She won the individual all-around gold medal and set an Olympic record, scoring the highest number of points ever at an Olympic Games. Mamun was ranked first in the world during the 2016 season. Sadly, two days after she won gold at the Olympics, Mamun's father died.


title: Margarita Mamun

text: Shortly after the 2016 Olympics, Mamun became engaged to Alexandr Sukhorukov. She married him in 2017. On November 4, 2017, Russian coach Irina Viner announced that Mamun was retiring from gymnastics.


title: Pirojpur District

text: Pirojpur () is a district in South-western Bangladesh. It is a part of the Barisal Division. Most of the land is low lying and the soil is fertile. There are small forests. The Pirojpur municipality was established in 1985. Nesarabad is famous for business centres and also for the Sundori tree (a kind of mangrove tree) that grows there.


title: Pirojpur District

text: Pirojpur district is divided into units, also known as "Thana"s : Pirojpur Sadar, Nesarabad, Mothbaria, Bhandaria, Zianagar, Nazirpur, Kawkhali. The subdivision of Pirojpur was created in 1866.


title: Monte Melkonian

text: Monte Melkonian (born November 25, 1957 – June 12, 1993) was a well-known Armenian military commander in the Nagorno-Karabakh war. He is largely known for major military victories against Azerbaijan from the late autumn of 1992, . Melkonian had no prior service record in any country's army before being placed in command of an estimated 4,000 men in the war. He had largely built his military education beginning from the late 1970s and 1980s where he fought against the various splintering factions in the Lebanese Civil War, against Israeli troops in the Israeli invasion of Lebanon and was a member of the Armenian terror organization ASALA.


title: Wulfila Bible

text: The Wulfila Bible (or Gothic Bible) is a translation of parts of the Bible into the Gothic language. It was done by a Christian Bishop, called Wulfila, in the 3rd century. It contains mainly a translation of the New Testament. The basis for the translation was a Greek version of the Bible. Up till then, the Goths had used runes to write. This was impractical, though. For this reason Wulfila also invented the Gothic alphabet. The Gothic alphabet is based on the Greek one.


title: For loop

text: In computer science, a for-loop (or “for loop”) is used to run specified lines of code repeatedly. In different languages, there are different keywords to specify this statement—ways to identify a for loop—but they all do the same task. Most languages use either “for” or “do” as keywords.


title: Erick Rowan

text: Joseph Ruud (born November 28, 1981 in Minneapolis, Minnesota) better known by his ring name Erick Rowan, is an American professional wrestler. He competed in the WWE from 2011- 2020, where he was a member of The Wyatt Family along with Bray Wyatt, Luke Harper, Daniel Bryan,Eli Cottonwood. He began performing for the AEW in 2022.


title: Wulfila Bible

text: Many copies of parts of the text still exist today. Most of them are from the 6th to 8th century. The Wulfila bible is the oldest written text of a Germanic language. It is very important for research.


title: For loop

text: A for-loop has two parts: a header, and a body of code. The body consists of a set of instructions (lines of code) that run for each repetition of the loop. The header often declares how many loops to compete, generally indicated by either a loop counter or a loop variable. For-loops are typically used when the number of repetitions are known. For-loops are similar to “while-loops”, but usually have a known number of repetitions.


title: Erick Rowan

text: Rudd competed in various independent promotions in both the United States and Japan before signing to the WWE. In 2007, he worked for Pro Wrestling Noah in Japan under the ring name, Thoruf. After his time with them was done, he returned to the United States and started competing for F1rst Wrestling under the ring name, Thoruf Marius. During his time there he feuded with Brody Hoofer.


title: For loop

text: The name for-loop comes from the English word for, which is the direct translation of the earlier German "für", used by Heinz Rutishauser, who also helped define ALGOL 58 and 60.


title: Erick Rowan

text: He signed a developmental contract with WWE and was assigned to their developmental territory Florida Championship Wrestling and started competing under the ring name Erick Rowan. He debuted on FCW TV debut in August 2011 when he defeated Kenneth Cameron. When FCW was rebranded into NXT Wrestling, he debuted on the December 12, 2012 episode of NXT as a follower of Bray Wyatt, who introduced Rowan as his "second son".


title: For loop

text: In computer science, a loop counter is a variable that controls how many repetitions the loop will do. Usually, the loop counter variable is an integer value that increments by 1 for each completed loop. However, loop counters can also decrement, and can have step sizes other than 1.


title: Erick Rowan

text: As a member of the Wyatt Family, he teamed with Wyatt's "first son" Luke Harper. They defeated Percy Watson and Yoshi Tatsu on the January 9, 2013 episode of NXT and defeated them again on the January 23 episode of NXT in the first round of the NXT Tag Team Championship tournament. Rowan and Harper defeated Bo Dallas and Michael McGillicutty in the semi-finals but were defeated in the finals by Adrian Neville and Oliver Grey. Harper and Rowan won a triple threat elimination tag match on the May 2 episode of NXT and defeated Neville and Bo Dallas, filling in for the injured Grey, on the May 8 NXT (taped on May 2) to win the tag titles. On June 20, they lost the NXT Tag Team Championship to Adrian Neville and Corey Graves.


title: For loop

text: Loop counters change each iteration. With each repeat, there is unique counter value. The loop counter is the deciding factor for when a loop should end and go onto the next section of code.


title: Erick Rowan

text: Vignettes became appearing on Raw to promote the upcoming debut of the Wyatt Family and they debuted on the July 8 episode of Raw when they attacked Kane. He made his WWE in-ring debut in a tag team match on the July 26 episode of SmackDown, where he and Harper defeated Tons of Funk (Brodus Clay and Tensai). Rowan and Harper went on a winning streak over many teams for a couple months but suffered their first lost on the October 11 episode of SmackDown from Cody Rhodes and Goldust.


title: For loop

text: A for-loop is available in most common programming languages. While for-loops in different languages will all fulfill the same task, there are differences on how each programming language deals with for loops.


title: Byzantine Greeks

text: The Byzantine Greeks (or Byzantines) were the Greek people of Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages. They lived in the lands of the Byzantine Empire (or Eastern Roman Empire) like Greece, Asia Minor and Cyprus. They spoke medieval Greek, preserved Greek culture, obeyed Roman law and followed Eastern Christianity. Their society had peasants, traders, teachers, soldiers and priests.


title: Byzantine Greeks

text: The Byzantines called themselves Romans ("Romaioi"), Greeks ("Graikoi", "Hellenes") and Christians ("Christianoi") throughout their history. They used those names synonymously because they were the political heirs of the Roman Empire, the offspring of the ancient Greeks, and believers in Jesus Christ. The Byzantines also called everything that was not Greek "barbarian" and called paganism "Hellenism".


title: Byzantine Greeks

text: Byzantine Greek society had different classes like the poor, the peasants, the soldiers, the teachers, the merchants, and the priests.


title: Byzantine Greeks

text: There were two groups of poor people in the Greek world since the time of Homer: the "ptochos" (, "passive poor") and the "penes" (, "active poor"). Byzantine Greek peasants lived in villages, drank wine and ate grains, beans, fish, bread and olives. They were hunters, fishers, bee-keepers, craftsmen, smiths, tailors and shoemakers.


title: Byzantine Greeks

text: Soldiers were chosen for military duty every year and served as medics and technicians. Their appearance, customs, habits and life were part of a Greek and Roman military tradition. Along with farmers, they ate a type of dried biscuit or hard bread called a "paximadion" (originally called a "boukelaton").


title: Byzantine Greeks

text: Byzantine education was part of an ancient Greek educational tradition that started in the 5th century BC. It was made up of three levels: 1) elementary school with students aged six to ten years old, 2) secondary school with students aged ten to sixteen years old, 3) higher education.


title: Byzantine Greeks

text: Literacy was much higher in the Byzantine Empire than in Western Europe. Elementary school education was widely available in places like towns and the countryside. Secondary schools were mostly in larger cities and higher education was offered at the University of Constantinople.


title: Byzantine Greeks

text: In elementary schools, teachers used simple fairy-tale books like Aesop's Fables. In secondary schools, teachers used ancient Greek texts like the "Iliad" and the "Odyssey" of Homer.


title: Byzantine Greeks

text: The life of a Byzantine Greek woman was split into three stages: 1) girlhood, 2) motherhood and 3) widowhood. Daily life for women included doing household and farm chores. Poor women sometimes wore sleeveless tunics and most wore a veil called the "maphorion" that covered their hair. Wealthy women bought and wore silk fabrics and clothes with expensive jewelry. Some women worked as traders, clerics and teachers.


title: Byzantine Greeks

text: Byzantine Greek traders were mobile and developed new methods of investing money like the "chreokoinonia". Byzantine Greek priests were close to the rest of society and were allowed to get married (except for bishops).


title: Hacksaw

text: A hacksaw is a tool for sawing. A hacksaw is designed for cutting materials like very thin metals and plastic. It has a handle on one end, and can be either pushed or pulled across the object being cut. There are manual and electric hacksaws.


title: Superbase

text: In chemistry, a superbase is an extremely strong base. It is a compound that has a high affinity for protons.


title: Gesso

text: Gesso is a primer or foundation for art painting on wood or canvas. It is a white paint mixture. It has a binder mixed with a pigment. Traditionally, the binder is glue or gelatin, the pigment is chalk, plaster or gypsum.


title: Ice fishing

text: Ice fishing is the practice of catching fish through an opening in the ice on a frozen body of water. The methods include fishing with fishing rods, lines and hooks or spears. Ice fishermen may fish in the open or in heated enclosures called ice shacks.


title: Superbase

text: Hydroxide ion is the strongest base possible in water (aqueous) solutions, but superbases are much stronger than aqueous bases. Such bases are useful in organic synthesis and are fundamental to physical organic chemistry.


title: Gesso

text: Gesso is used in art to prepare a surfaces (wood panels, canvas and sculpture) for painting. Paint and/or other materials are applied on top of the gesso. One reason for covering the surface with gesso is that wood or canvas has a rough or uneven surface, and a colour. Gesso "priming" lets the artist's chosen subject show more clearly than it would otherwise.


title: Ice fishing

text: Basic ice fishing equipment is fairly simple. A short fishing rod, some bait, hooks and a way to drill or chop a hole in the ice. The right clothing is also important to keep warm on the ice. Or, you could get into highly specialized ice fishing gear.


title: Superbase

text: Superbases have been described and used since the 1850s. Reactions involving superbases often require special techniques since they are destroyed by water, carbon dioxide, and oxygen in the air. Inert atmosphere techniques and low temperatures minimize these side reactions.


title: Gesso

text: Even if a surface has no roughness, many artists still prime it before starting the painting proper, though they might use a paint or "wash" of their own choosing. They do this because the primer, though it cannot be seen directly, may change and help the quality of light reflected from the surface. Gesso, however, is specially useful for a rough or uneven surface.


title: Ice fishing

text: An important part of ice fishing in the northern parts of North America is the ice shack (ice house, ice shanty, dark house). These are dragged or towed onto the lake using a vehicle such as a snowmobile, ATV or truck. Most portable ice houses which are often made of anything from light tent-like structures to heavy material that designed to shelter fishermen from cold and wind. They can take many different forms. Some are simple structures that are just a place to get in out of the cold. Others are elaborate expensive shelters, warm and safe enough to withstand any weather. They are also loaded with electronics.


title: Superbase

text: IUPAC defines superbases simply as a "compound having a very high basicity, such as lithium diisopropylamide".


title: Gesso

text: Acrylic gesso, a widely used "ground", is a modern version which is cheaper and easier to use than the traditional type of gesso. It is a combination of calcium carbonate with an acrylic polymer medium latex, a pigment and other chemicals to ensure flexibility and increase life. It is technically not "gesso" at all.


title: Ice fishing

text: Modern ice shacks can have equipment like underwater cameras, sonar fish-finders and lake-mapping apps for their smartphones. Some have all the comforts of home such as big-screen TVs, poker tables, king-size beds and stereo systems. They can have refrigerators, fireplaces and bathrooms with hot showers. Many ice fishermen spend weekends in their comfortable ice shack retreats all winter.


title: Gesso

text: "The Painter's Handbook" notes a problem with using oil paints over an acrylic gesso ground instead of a traditional oil ground, citing a mismatch in flexibility over time that could cause the oil paint to delaminate (flake off).


title: Ice fishing

text: In the northern parts of North America, ice fishing is often a social activity. Some resorts have fish houses that are rented out by the day; often, shuttle service by Snow Track or other vehicles modified to drive on ice is provided. They can appear to a city on the ice where fishing is best. Some even elect a mayor. Most municipalities have requirements to remove ice houses by a certain date before the ice melts.


title: Ice fishing

text: In Finland, peace and quiet in isolation is often the object of the pastime. In Finland, fish houses are a rare. But wearing a sealed and insulated dry suit designed with space age fabric is not.


title: Bert Hellinger

text: Anton "Bert" Hellinger (16 December 1925 – 19 September 2019) was a German psychotherapist. He worked with a therapeutic method best known as Family Constellations and Systemic Constellations. He was born in Leimen, Baden, Germany. In 1973, he left Germany for a second time and traveled to the United States to be trained for 9 months by Arthur Janov.


title: Homosociality

text: Homosociality is a term used in sociology, which describes a same-sex relationship which is not romantic or sexual in nature. These relationships might be called friendships, mentorships, or other. Heterosociality is the opposite. It means that one prefers socializing with members of the opposite sex without bringing romance or sex into the relationship. Eve Sedgwick made the term popular in her discussion of male homosocial desire, but Jean Lipman-Blumen had defined homosociality in 1976 as a preference for members of one's own sex.


title: Fariduddin Ganjshakar

text: Hazrat Sheikh Farīd-ud-dīn Mas'ūd Ganj Shakar (4 April, 1179 – 7 May, 1266), commonly known as Baba Farid "Ganjshakar" (Punjabi, lit: 'Treasury of Sugar/Sweetness'), was a renowned Sufi preacher, mystic poet and saint of the Chishti Order of South-central Asia.


title: Homosociality

text: For example, a close relationship between two men (such as George and Lennie in "Of Mice and Men" (and indeed most of the characters in that book) would be a homosocial relationship. It can apply to single sex schools, prisons, monasteries, but also to simple friendships.


title: Fariduddin Ganjshakar

text: Fariduddin Ganjshakar is generally recognized as the first major poet of the Punjabi language, and is considered one of the pivotal saints of the Punjab and indeed, one of the "Panj Peers", or five main/great saints of South Asia. Revered equally by Muslims and Hindus, he is also considered one of the fifteen Sikh "bhagats". Selections from his work are included in the Guru Granth Sahib, the Sikh holy scripture.


title: Homosociality

text: The relationship "can" be a sexual one, but a homosocial relationship can occur between homosexuals, heterosexuals or both.


title: Fariduddin Ganjshakar

text: His world-famous shrine is located in Pakpattan, in present-day Punjab (Pakistan). It was built in 1267. Each year during the Islamic month of "Muharram", special festivities are held there and pilgrims from many countries come to visit.


title: Homosociality

text: It is often used to describe the all-male world of medieval knights, or sailors. While it can apply to both men or women, it is most commonly used to refer to men.


title: Homosociality

text: Rose surveyed males and females between the ages of 20 and 28. Rose asked men and women about how they felt about same and cross-sex friendships. Both men and women preferred same sex friendships. Both men and women said that cross-sex relationships were less helpful, and less loyal than same-sex friendships. Friendship formation was found to be different between cross-sex and same-sex relationships as well.


title: Homosociality

text: Depending on the culture, and family and social stuctures, same-sex preferences have been found to develop between 3 and 9 years old. (LaFreniere, Strayer,& Gauthier, 1984; Jacklin& Maccoby, 1978; Harkness & Super, 1985) LaFreniere, Strayer, and Gauthier (1984) conducted a three year long study observing fifteen peer groups between the ages of 1 to 6 years old, with 98 boys and 93 girls. As they looked into sex-segregation in childhood, the researchers found that segregation rose with age and that most Western children exihibit these preferences around 3–4 years old. However, in a study by Harkenss and Super, Kenyan children do not have sex-preference in playmates until the ages of 6 to 9 years old. Researchers observed 152 Kenyan children in rural settings and found that this change didn’t occur until parental expectations and customary duties increased. “Just when and how such gender segration appears, is the joint product of the individual and the culturally constructed niche” (Harkness & Super, 1985).


title: Homosociality

text: The social bias towards members of one’s own sex can develop early in children. Specifically, studies have found that by the early age of 3 or 4, children prefer members of their own sex to members of the opposite sex (Bussey & Bandura, 1992). That is, young girls favor other females (girls and women) over males (boys and men). The findings are identical for young boys. Also, Carol Martin (1989) found that boys 4.5 years of age expressed significantly more dislike for a girl depicted as a “tomboy” than a boy depicted as a “sissy”; whereas boys 8.5 years of age express more dislike for a boy depicted as a “sissy”. This age difference suggests that children as young as 4 prefer their own sex regardless of gender-incongruent behavior. Around the age of 8 however, boys begin to show males—devaluing feminine behavior. It has also been shown that children ages 10–12 prefer same-sex socializing. That is, girls favored girls who socialized with other girls and boys liked boys who socialized with other boys.


title: Homosociality

text: Homosociality, by definition, implies neither heterosexuality nor homosexuality. For example, a heterosexual male who prefers to socialize with men may be considered a homosocial heterosexual. The term is often used by feminists to emphasize aspects of solidarity between males. Feminists also identify a close link between female homosociality, feminism and lesbian desire, with Audre Lorde stating "the true feminist deals out of a lesbian consciousness whether or not she ever sleeps with women."


title: David Hart Smith

text: Harry Smith (born August 2, 1985) is a Canadian professional wrestler of English descent who currently works for New Japan Pro Wrestling under the name Davey Boy Smith, Jr..


title: David Hart Smith

text: He also worked for World Wrestling Entertainment. He wrestled on the ECW brand using the name David Hart Smith, as a member of The Hart Dynasty, alongside Tyson Kidd and Natalya.


title: David Hart Smith

text: He has wrestled on its Raw brand and in Florida Championship Wrestling under the name DH Smith ("D" for Davey Boy Smith, and "H" for the Hart family). On August 5, 2011, WWE released him from his wrestling contract. He currently holds the PWA World Heavyweight title.


title: David Hart Smith

text: His grandfather is Stu Hart who was a wrestling promoter. His father was Davey Boy Smith. His first public wrestling match was at age 10. He started wrestling professionally on February 22, 2002 at age 16 and has been continuing since then.


title: Tributary state

text: A tributary state is a state that is subordinate to a more powerful neighbour. It was a form of subordination in pre-modern times.


title: Function (biology)

text: Function in biology is what a part of the body or cell does in relation to the whole. It is the reason some part or process occurred in a system which evolved by natural selection.


title: Compensation (psychology)

text: In psychology, compensation is a way people hide something that they cannot do well, by doing something else really well. They may not even be aware that they are doing it. Compensation can hide real or imagined problems and personal or physical inferiority. However it does not really solve the cause of the problem. Positive compensations may help a person overcome difficulties. But negative compensations do not, and can even make the problems worse.


title: Tributary state

text: The tributary sent a regular token of submission to the superior power. This was a tribute, a substantial gift of wealth, such as the gold, produce, or slaves. The tribute might best be seen as the payment of protection money. But there were other ways to show submission as well.


title: Function (biology)

text: A similar definition is "the function of a component in an organism is the contribution it makes to that organism's fitness".


title: Compensation (psychology)

text: A well-known example of failing overcompensation, can be seen in people going through a mid life crisis. Approaching midlife many people (especially men) lack the energy to maintain their psychological defenses, including their compensatory acts.


title: Function (biology)

text: The term is used especially in physiology, in phrases like "the function of the kidneys is to excrete urea from the body" or "the function of the heart is to push blood around the body". It is incorrect to use the word 'purpose' instead of 'function', because the word 'purpose' implies forethought.


title: Compensation (psychology)

text: Alfred Adler, founder of individual psychology, used the word compensation in relation inferiority feelings. In his book "Study of Organ Inferiority and Its Physical Compensation" (1907) he wrote if a person feels inferior (weak) then they will (usually) try to compensate for it somewhere else.


title: Compensation (psychology)

text: Adler's reason to explore this was from his own experience. He was shy and yet he pushed himself to give lectures.


title: Compensation (psychology)

text: Christopher Lasch, an American historian and social critic wrote in his book "The Culture of Narcissism" (1979) that North American society in the 1970s was narcissistic. The narcissistic society:


title: Compensation (psychology)

text: Consumption can be an example of compensation (see study by Allison J. Pugh: "From compensation to ‘childhood wonder’"). Examples:


title: Straight

text: Lines can bend in a curve. If lines do not bend, they are straight. For example, the edge of a circle is not straight. The edge of a circle bends in a curve.


title: Musar movement

text: The Musar movement is a Jewish ethical, educational and cultural movement. It developed in the 19th century in Eastern Europe, particularly among Orthodox Lithuanian Jews.


title: Straight

text: Light bends in a curve in air and water, but travels in a straight line away from the earth or other bodies in outer space where there is no air.


title: Musar movement

text: The Hebrew term "Musar" (), is from the book of "Proverbs" 1:2. It means moral conduct, instruction or discipline. The movement made important contributions to Jewish ethics and Musar literature.


title: The Cunning Little Vixen

text: The Cunning Little Vixen (original title: "Příhody lišky bystroušky", literally translates to "The Adventures of Vixen Sharp-Ears") is an opera by the Czech composer Leoš Janáček. Janáček loved animals, and in this opera some of the characters are humans but some are animals. Some of the little animals, (like the grasshopper, frog and cricket) are usually sung by children.


title: The Cunning Little Vixen

text: Janáček got the idea of this opera from a cartoon strip called “Sharp-ears” (in Czech: "Bystrouška"). The cartoon was published in a popular daily newspaper Lidové noviny. It was about a vixen (a female fox) and her adventures in the forest. He thought that the story would make a good opera. He made a few changes to the story: he left out a some characters, changed the order of the story a little, and made the humans and the animals behave in a similar way. It was first performed in Brno on 6 November 1924.


title: The Cunning Little Vixen

text: A forester is sleeping under a tree. Nearby a young vixen (here, vixen means baby fox) is playing. She nearly catches a frog, but the frog jumps away and lands on the forester’s nose. He wakes up and sees the little vixen playing. He catches the vixen and take her home with him. He gave her a name: “Sharp-ears”.


title: The Cunning Little Vixen

text: Sharp-ears is unhappy at the forester’s cottage. She is tied up with a rope in the yard. The hens keep teasing her and the dog is boring. One day she tells the hens that they are silly to stay in the farmyard being bossed about by the rooster. She tells them they ought to fly away to freedom. She pretends to die, then jumps up and starts to catch them. When the forester’s wife comes out Sharp-ears bites through the rope and disappears into the forest.


title: The Cunning Little Vixen

text: She finds a nice sett (badger's hole) where a badger lives. She wants to live there herself so she chases the badger out of his home. One winter’s night the forester is drinking in the inn. He teases the priest and the schoolmaster for not having found someone to love. They in turn tease the forester for having let the vixen go. The schoolmaster starts to go home. He is drunk. He sees the vixen who reminds him of his former lover, but he is too drunk to catch hold of her.


title: The Cunning Little Vixen

text: Sharp-ears meets a handsome young male fox called Goldskin. The two fall in love. When she realizes she is pregnant the fox and vixen get married. The woodpecker is the priest who marries them. The cubs (baby foxes) are born in the spring.


title: The Cunning Little Vixen

text: The forester is still searching the forest for Sharp-ears. One day he finds a dead hare. The poacher persuades the forester to make a trap, because he thinks that Sharp-ears will come back to eat the hare. The cubs arrive and play near the trap. Sharp-ears realizes the poacher is trying to catch her. She teases him cruelly and dares him to kill her. He shoots her with his rifle, then he is very sad.


title: The Cunning Little Vixen

text: Some time later the forester is sleeping under a tree. He wakes up when a frog lands on his hand. He sees a young vixen playing in front of him. He tells the young cub that she looks just like her mother. He reaches out for her but catches a frog instead. He lets it go. He realizes that life must go on.


title: The Cunning Little Vixen

text: Janáček made some changes to the story in the cartoon. This made it more suitable for an opera. He did not have all the characters that are in the cartoon, and he changed the order of the story to make it more dramatic. He compares the human beings with the animals. For example: we see vixen Sharp-ears falling in love and having a family. But the forester’s friends: the school master and the priest, have not been so lucky with their love-life. The priest looks like the badger, the woodpecker is like the priest. When the opera is performed the same singer sometimes sings both parts. The end of the opera is like the beginning. This shows that life carries on and one generation follows another.


title: The Cunning Little Vixen

text: The music matches the story beautifully. There are a lot of tunes with very exciting harmonies. Sometimes he uses modes and whole-tone scales. Janáček often makes his music sound like folk music of his country.


title: Special agent

text: In the United States, a special agent is a detective or investigator who investigates suspected s of federal, state or local laws. Special agents may also carry firearms and make arrests. Special agents work for many different law enforcement agencies. In some agencies, only special agents may carry firearms. An example is special agents in the Internal Revenue Service. To become special agents most applicants must pass written and physical examinations. In the FBI, like many agencies, applicants must go through a background check.