title: The Twilight Zone Tower of Terror

text: People must be at least 40 inches (102 cm) tall to enter the ride. Wheelchairs and mobility scooters must be left behind (users must be strong enough to stand). Anyone suffering from neck, back, or heart problems, motion sickness or claustrophobia are advised not to ride. Pregnant women may not ride. Anyone with a fear of heights or fear of falling may want to avoid this ride as well.


title: Drosophila pseudoobscura

text: In 1989 Diane Dodd gave laboratory populations of "D. pseudoobscura" two different food types, starch and maltose. They rapidly evolved into two distinct groups after only eight generations with the different foods. As the two groups both showed a strong preference for mating with their own type, this was claimed as an example of speciation by reproductive isolation. Dodd's experiment has been repeated by others, and works with other kinds of fruit flies and foods.


title: Drosophila pseudoobscura

text: In 2005, "D. pseudoobscura" was the second "Drosophila" species to have its genome sequenced, after "Drosophila melanogaster".


title: Househusband

text: A  man who considers himself married and manages the household as his main occupation and whose spouse/partner usually earns the family income. Often looking after the children because the wife earns a better living.


title: SpongeBob SquarePants (season 9)

text: Season 9 of "SpongeBob SquarePants" began on July 21, 2012. It was the first season in widescreen high definition.


title: Threat display

text: A threat display is anything that an animal does to scare away other animals. A dog will bare its teeth and growl. A cat will hiss. A snake will coil up, raise its head, and move back and forth to point itself at any big animal that approaches it.


title: Order of the Federal Republic

text: Nigerian National Honours are decorations awarded to Nigerians and friends of Nigeria every year. They were instituted by the National Honors Act No. 5 of 1964, during the First Nigerian Republic, to honour Nigerians who have made the nation better.


title: Tulle massacre

text: The Tulle massacre was a part of World War II. It happened on June 9, 1944 in the French town of Tulle. The civilians were executed by German soldiers in the 2nd SS Panzer Division Das Reich.


title: Threat display

text: Many animals have threat displays that make them look bigger. A lion's mane will stand up, making it look much larger and more powerful. Humans may raise both hands, spread wide, above their heads. Bears will stand on their hind legs, raise their front legs, and show their teeth while growling.


title: Order of the Federal Republic

text: The GCFR and GCON are usually awarded to former occupants of the office of President of Nigeria and Vice President respectively of including former military heads of state of Nigeria and Chiefs of General Staff. The GCON is also usually awarded in honor to the Chief Justice of Nigeria and the President of the Nigerian Senate during their first year in office, while the CON is customarily bestowed on Justices of the Supreme Court of Nigeria.


title: Tulle massacre

text: After the Allies landed in Normandy, on the 6th of June 1944, there were partisan uprisings in most of the Massif central, and also in the Limousin region. They did this to support the allied invasion, and to make it more difficult for the German troops to get to the front line. The massif central is very sparsely populated. Partisans were able to get most of it under their control. They also attacked some of the towns, such as Guéret and Tulle. The German military forces were aware of this, and they took action. On the 7th of June, SS Gruppenführer Heinz Lammerding was given responsibility for the 2nd SS Panzerdivison "Das Reich". The division was to be used to fight against the resistance. Later it should head north to support other German troops. Other than fighting the resistance (called Maquis), they committed several crimes against the civilian population, amongst others, in Tulle.


title: Tulle massacre

text: On the 7th and the 8th of June 1944, communist troops of the Francs-Tireurs et Partisans (FTP) had entered the city of Tulle. The had also attacked German troops, there were several hundred of them. While they defended themselves, German troops also killed 18 employees of the railway station, in Tulle. These employees were paid for by the Germans, and they wore white scarves, identifying them as civilians (under the Geneva Conventions). Several hundred German troops had been captured and locked in a school building, which was later put in flames. The partisans killed several hundred troops which were trying to escape from the burning school. Towards the evening of July 8, the FTP partisans were able to conquer Tulle. According to German reports "122 soldiers" were killed, wounded or went missing. The exact number is not known, and cannot be established today. The first units of the 2nd SS Panzerdivision reached Tulle on July 8. The partisans, who hadn't known they were coming fled from the city.


title: Tulle massacre

text: On July 9, the German troops of the Panzerdivision took revenge on the civilian population, for "supporting the resistance". First, all men between 18 and 45 years old were arrested. They were put in the courtyard of the local arms manufacturer, Manufacture nationale d’armes de Tulle. There there were told, that they would be hanged in the city, in rows of 120 people. Walter Schmald, a SD person from Belgium determined who would be hanged (a triage). Before taking his decision, he talked to high-ranking government officials of the Vichy regime. As these people were collaborating with the resistance movement, they could convince Schmald to spare their friends, and to lower the number from 120 to 99. Next the soldiers of the Panzerdivision hanged these 99 hostages, who were more or less picked at random. They used streetlights and balconies for hanging them. Groups of residents were forced to watch the hangings. One of these groups was a group of about 600 teenagers, who were part of the Arbeitsdienst. Many high-rancing SS officials listened to music and amused themselves, while the soldiers were hanging the men to be executed. Both the people who were forced to watch, and those who were being executed probably heard the music.


title: Tulle massacre

text: Peter Lieb, a military historian says, that even though the German troops overreacted, and that some of their actions were against the laws of war, the Tulle massacre can still be seen as a form of war reprisal. This does not apply to the Massacre of Oradour, committed a day later. Oradour is near Limoges, about to the northwest. Officially, 642 people were killed in Oradour, which makes it the worst massacre of the Second World War, by the number of victims.


title: Tulle massacre

text: After 1945, German courts did not convict Lammerding, for "Lack of Proof". In 1951, a court in Bordeaux found him guilty for the crimes he committed in Tulle and Oradour, and sentenced him to death (while absent). The French asked the British, who were occupying the part of Germany where he now lived (and was a successful businessman). to extradite him. The relationship between the two countries was bad, and the British officer in command said, he had never heard of Lammerding. Nevertheless, Lammerding "vanished" in 1954. When he reappeared in 1958, the German consitution made it illegal to extradite German citizens. In addition, a contract came into force in 1955, which forbade to rejudge a case which had already been handled by another court of an allied power. This was only changed in 1975, after Lammerding's death (Lammerding died in 1971).


title: Slideshow

text: Slideshow means a show of slides. It is a display of several slides for information or for artistic purposes.


title: Demand forecasting

text: Demand forecasting is when a business predicts future demand for its products. A business looks at many things when they do demand forecasting. Some of these things are past sales, data from test markets, and statistics. Businesses can also use educated guesses to help predict future demand. Businesses use demand forecasting to help them come up with the amount of demand for their products so they know how much supply to make.


title: Pederpes

text: Pederpes is an extinct genus of early Carboniferous tetrapod, dating from the lower Mississippian, 359–345 million years ago (mya). "Pederpes" contains one species, "P. finneyae", 1 m long. A single fossil was found in East Kirton quarry, West Lothian, Scotland, in early Carboniferous rocks. It is the first (and only) known near-complete skeleton of a tetrapod from the earliest Carboniferous. It lacks only the tail and some digits.


title: Lesbianism in erotica

text: Lesbianism has been performed in visual arts since the times of ancient Rome. For much of history of cinema and television, lesbianism was regarded as taboo. But since the 1960s, it has increasingly become a theme within its own right. It was first used in softcore movies and erotic thrillers during the 1980s. Acts of lovemaking between women first happened during several movies in the late 1960s: "The Killing of Sister George", "Therese and Isabelle" and "The Fox". Lesbian scenes during movies are always subject to controversy. Many people say that the MPAA has been harsh on movies with homosexual themes. One notable example of this regards the movie "When Night Is Falling", which was given an NC-17. The movie, though, was released unrated.


title: Lockheed MC-130

text: The Lockheed MC-130 is a US military cargo aircraft. It is a very specialized variant of the famous C-130 Hercules, used exclusively by U.S. special forces. It can fly on low altitude. MC-130 are only used by US Air Force.


title: Daniel Walker

text: Daniel "Dan" Walker (August 6, 1922 – April 29, 2015) was an American Democratic lawyer, businessman, and politician from Illinois. He was the 36th Governor of Illinois from January 1973 to January 1977. He was one of the four governors of Illinois to serve in jail. He went to jail because of bank fraud in 1988.


title: Clementi MRT station

text: Clementi MRT Station (EW23) is an above-ground Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) station in Singapore. It is part of the East West MRT Line. Part of the East West Line, Clementi MRT Station is heavily used by commuters who live in Clementi itself or further west to go to work and also, by students of the National University of Singapore, Ngee Ann Polytechnic and other schools around Clementi. Hence, the station experiences high passenger traffic throughout the day due to it serving a wide range of passengers.


title: Coi Leray

text: Leray has released two mixtapes: "Everythingcoz" in 2018 and "EC2" (2019). Her debut extended play, "Now or Never", was released in 2020. In 2021, the remix of her single, "No More Parties" (featuring Lil Durk), reached the top 40 on the "Billboard" Hot 100. It was certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). In 2022, Leray released her first studio album "Trendsetter". The album has her collaborative single with Nicki Minaj, "Blick Blick". This also reached the top 40 of the "Billboard" Hot 100.


title: School of the Air

text: In some places, very few children are in a large area. These people usually live far apart. If there are settlements, they are also far apart. In most places of the world, children of a certain age need to go to school. School of the Air is a phrase which describes children being taught using radio, or other technologies. The children do not need to travel, they stay at home. The phrase was first used for a kind of distance learning, which is targeted at chldren going to primary or secondary schools. It was first used in remote areas of Australia, especially the outback. In these areas, people live too far apart, and there are too few school-age children to run a conventional school in a village.


title: Ja-Ela

text: Ja-Ela (, ) is a city in Sri Lanka . It is a suburb of Colombo. The city is about north of the Colombo city centre. Ja-Ela is on the A3 road which overlaps with the Colombo – Katunayake Expressway at the Ja-Ela Interchange.


title: Ajmer Sharif Dargah

text: Ajmer Sharif Dargah, Ajmer Dargah, Ajmer Sharif or Dargah Sharif is a Sufi shrine ("dargah") of the revered Sufi saint, Moinuddin Chishti, located at Ajmer, Rajasthan, India. The shrine has Chishti's grave (Maqbara).


title: Slideshow

text: Slideshows are presented using a tool, such as a slide projector, an overhead projector or in more recent years, a computer running presentation software. The word comes from the use of slides which have been around for many years. Slides originally were projected on movie theater screens by magic lanterns as part of early movie house shows.


title: Demand forecasting

text: Calculating demand forecast accuracy is the process of determining the accuracy of forecasts made regarding customer demand for a product.


title: Pederpes

text: "Pederpes" had a large, somewhat triangular head, similar to that of later American "Whatcheeria". This specimen shows the earliest example of a foot adapted for walking on land. The feet look like the feet of later, more terrestrially adapted Carboniferous forms. "Pederpes" is therefore the earliest known tetrapod that walked on land.


title: Lockheed MC-130

text: The MC-130J, which became operational in 2011, is the new-production variant that is replacing the other special operations MC-130s. As of May 2016, the Air Force has taken delivery of 33 of the planned 37 -J models.


title: Daniel Walker

text: Walker was born on August 6, 1922 in Washington, D.C.. He was raised in San Diego, California. Walker studied at the United States Naval Academy and at Northwestern University. Walker died of heart failure in Chula Vista, California, aged 92.


title: Clementi MRT station

text: The tracks between this station and Jurong East is the second longest between any two stations on the East West Line, the longest being the tracks between Expo and Changi Airport MRT Stations. It takes four minutes for trains to travel between these two stations.


title: School of the Air

text: Around 1929, Alfred Traeger invented a radio that could be run by human power, it was called the pedal radio. With Adelaide Miethke, who was a teacher, they made up a programme for schools, which also used the radio communication services of the Royal Flying Doctor Service. These were important milestones that helped develop the School of the Air.


title: Ajmer Sharif Dargah

text: In the present day, the tomb of Moinuiddin Chishti continues to be one of the most popular sites of religious visitation for Sunni Muslims in the Indian subcontinent, with over "hundreds of thousands of people from all over the Indian sub-continent assembling there on the occasion of [the saint's] "ʿUrs" or death anniversary." Additionally, the site also attracts many Hindus, who have also venerated the Islamic saint since the medieval period.


title: Slideshow

text: The word slideshow does not appear in the "Webster’s New Twentieth Century Unabridged Dictionary" (1973 edition), but is accepted as correct spelling in Microsoft Word in both "Office 2000" and "Office XP" editions.


title: Pederpes

text: It fits in the middle of the a gap in the fossil record which separates the aquatic Devonian tetrapods from the terrestrial ones of the mid-Carboniferous.


title: Clementi MRT station

text: The station is also directly linked to the Clementi Mall and Clementi Bus Interchange. Together, they form the Clementi Integrated Transport Hub (ITH).


title: School of the Air

text: The first School of the Air lessons were officially sent from the Royal Flying Doctor Service in Alice Springs on 8 June 1951. The service celebrated its 50th jubilee on 9 May 2001, ahead of the real jubilee on 8 June; and its 70th year on 8 June 2021. Each state of Australia that uses this means of training has well-documented checks and overviews of the service.


title: Ajmer Sharif Dargah

text: The Bihisti Darwaza is made of silver and it is washed with rose water by pilgrims in the afternoon. It is believed that touching it guarantees one a place in Heaven. It is also believed that roses offered to the dargah during the festival are sourced from Pushkar, a site deemed holy for Hindus.


title: Pederpes

text: "Pederpes" was discovered in 1971 in central Scotland and classified as a lobe-finned fish. The type specimen was a nearly complete, articulated skeleton (bones still connected). Only the tail and some bones of the skull and limbs were missing. It was not until 2002 that Jennifer Clack named and reclassified the fossil as a primitive tetrapod.


title: Clementi MRT station

text: On 5 August 1993, at around 7.53 am, two trains collided in the station. It appeared that one train had stopped at the station for longer than usual after experiencing a technical fault, and then a second westward train hit the first. It was caused by a 50 litre oil spill. 156 commuters were injured, many of whom were on their way to work. Eight were admitted to three hospitals, while the rest received outpatient treatment. In the aftermath of the accident, SMRT said that it would replace the faulty maintenance locomotives and purchase new ones. It also introduced a new policy for station managers to inspect tracks for oil or foreign objects before the start of service.


title: School of the Air

text: School classes were conducted via shortwave radio from 2003 until 2009. After 2009, most schools switched to wireless internet technologies: The lessons include live one-way video feeds and clear two-way audio.


title: Pederpes

text: "Pederpes" is of uncertain relationship to other tetrapod families. While undoubtedly amphibian in life mode, "Pederpes" is not considered an amphibian in the meaning of modern amphibians. It is a very basal (primitive) tetrapod.


title: Clementi MRT station

text: Together with Commonwealth and Queenstown stations, this station will see the construction of an additional pedestrian link bridge linking the station to two new exits, one on each side of the road. The exits will be equipped with fare gates and ticketing machines. It was completed and opened on 25 August 2015.


title: School of the Air

text: Each student has direct contact with a teacher in an inland town such as Broken Hill, Alice Springs or Meekatharra. Each student typically spends one hour per day receiving group or individual lessons from the teacher. The rest of the day, the students spend working through the assigned materials with a parent, older sibling or a hired home-stay tutor.


title: Pederpes

text: "Pederpes" is an important fossil because it comes from the period of time known as Romer's gap, a 20 million year gap in the sequence of tetrapod fossils. It is therefore a transitional fossil, and gives biologists rare information about the development of tetrapods in a time when terrestrial life was scarce.


title: School of the Air

text: Originally the students got their course materials and returned their written work and projects to their hub centre using either the Royal Flying Doctor Service or post office services. However the extension of Internet services into the outback now allows for more rapid review of each child's homework.


title: Pederpes

text: "Pederpes" was 1 metre long, estimating the tail as one-third of the body length. This is average-sized for an early tetrapod.


title: School of the Air

text: The children using this kind of training are living far away from other people. Very often, the School of the Air is their first chance to get to know other children who are not part of their family. Three or four times a year, the children travel to the school, where they spend a week with their teacher and classmates.


title: Pederpes

text: The shape of the skull and the fact that the feet face forward rather than outward. This shows that "Pederpes" was well adapted to life on land. It is the earliest known fully terrestrial animal, although the structure of the ear shows that its hearing was still much more functional underwater than on land. It may have spent much of its time in the water and could have hunted there.


title: School of the Air

text: Studies have shown that in most cases, this kind of schooling has the same quality as traditional methods of schooling; in some cases it was even better than the traditional methods.


title: Pederpes

text: The narrow skull suggests that "Pederpes" breathed by inhaling with a muscular action like most modern tetrapods, rather than by pumping air into the lungs with a throat pouch the way modern amphibians usually do.


title: School of the Air

text: In 2009 as part of the Q150 celebrations, the School of the Air was announced as one of the Q150 Icons of Queensland for its role as an iconic "innovation and invention".


title: Chemoautotroph

text: A chemoautotroph is an organism that uses inorganic energy sources for food. Then it puts together its own organic compounds using ATP. Chemoautotrophs are mostly bacteria or archaea that live in hostile environments such as deep sea vents. They are the primary producers in such ecosystems.


title: Balaji Telefilms

text: Balaji Telefilms is an Indian company that makes soap operas, reality TV, comedy, game shows, and other TV programs in several Indian languages. Balaji had a partnership with White Leaf Productions from 1997 to 2006.


title: Life OK

text: Life OK was a Hindi Language Indian Television Channel based in India a part of Star India. Which was fully owned by 21st Century Fox.


title: Duane Chapman

text: Duane Lee Chapman, Sr. (born February 2, 1953), better known as Dog Chapman or simply Dog, is an American reality TV star, bounty hunter, and a former bail bondsman.


title: Kevin Thorn

text: Kevin Matthew Fertig (born January 17, 1977) is an American professional wrestler. He is best known for working with World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) under the ring names, Mordecai and Kevin Thorn.


title: Frosty the Snowman

text: "Frosty the Snowman", written and recorded in 1950, is a Christmas oriented song which was first performed by Gene Autry. The song is about a snowman that comes alive after a hat gets placed on his head by some children with whom he shares playful adventures before he has to hurry on his way. The children become sad as Frosty leaves, though Frosty tells them he will return. Some versions of the song say Christmas Day in the final lines. Other singers, including Nat King Cole, Beach Boys, Ella Fitzgerald, Ronettes and The Jackson 5, have performed their versions of the song throughout the years.


title: DStv

text: DStv (Digital Satellite Television) is MultiChoice's digital satellite TV service in Sub-Saharan Africa, launched in 1995, providing various bouquets offering general entertainment, movies, lifestyle & culture, sport, documentaries, news & commerce, children, music, religion and consumer channels to MultiChoice subscribers. DStv has around 8 million subscribers, with the majority being in South Africa and Nigeria. These two markets are considered to be the most important markets for DStv, although markets such as Kenya, Ghana, Angola, Zimbabwe, Uganda, Mauritius and Tanzania, though not having as many subscribers, they are on major focus too.


title: Balaji Telefilms

text: Balaji Telefilms is promoted by Ekta Kapoor and Shobha Kapoor and is a public company listed at Bombay Stock Exchange and National Stock Exchange of India.


title: Life OK

text: The channel replaced Star India's now defunct youth oriented channel STAR One. The channel underwent an indantify change on 28 Against 2017 by replacing Life OK the entire channel name and branding has been changed and the channel known as Star Bharat.


title: Duane Chapman

text: Chapman became known as a bounty hunter for his successful capture of American rapist and Max Factor heir, Andrew Luster, in Mexico in 2003. He was later given his own series, "Dog the Bounty Hunter" (2004 – 2012), on A&E.


title: Kevin Thorn

text: Under the Mordecai name, he played a religious zealot and under his Kevin Thorn name, he played a vampire character along with his manager Ariel.


title: Duane Chapman

text: After "Dog the Bounty Hunter" ended, Chapman appeared alongside his late wife and business partner, Beth Chapman, in "" (2013 – 2015), on CMT.


title: Kevin Thorn

text: In January 2009, he was offered a new contract with WWE, but turned it down. WWE announced that he was released from contract by request on January 9, even though his contract did not end until April 5 which prevented him from wrestling for other promotions.


title: Duane Chapman

text: Chapman married Alice Elizabeth "Beth" Barmore in 2006. The couple had two children. The Chapmans appeared on many television series together. In 2017, his wife Beth, was diagnosed with throat and lung cancer. She died on June 26, 2019 from the disease at the age of 51.


title: Matthew West

text: Matthew Joseph West (born April 25, 1977) is a Christian musician from Nashville, Tennessee. He has released four music albums and is best known for the popular songs "More" and "You Are Everything" or "The Motions". He was nominated for five GMA Dove Awards in 2005; two of those nominations were for his first album titled "Happy".


title: Early modern Europe

text: The early modern period is a term used by historians for the period in Western Europe and its first colonies which spans the three centuries between the Middle Ages and the Industrial Revolution.


title: Amores con trampa

text: Amores con trampa, is a Mexican telenovela produced by Emilio Larrosa for Televisa. It is the remake of the telenovela "Somos los Carmona" produced in 2013.The production of the telenovela began in November 2014.


title: Frontiers of the Roman Empire

text: Frontiers of the Roman Empire is a World Heritage Site. The site includes three walls in different parts of Europe. They were part of the frontiers of the Roman Empire.


title: Manuel Alejandro

text: Manuel Álvarez-Beigbeder Pérez (born 20 February 1933), better known as Manuel Alejandro, is a Spanish composer. He is known for writing Latin love songs, which are better known as "ballads". He has written, composed, and arranged songs for Luis Miguel, Plácido Domingo, Nino Bravo, Julio Iglesias,Raphael, Hernaldo Zúñiga, José José, José Luis Rodríguez, Emmanuel, Enrique Guzmán, Isabel Pantoja, Rocío Jurado, Rudy Marquez, and Jeanette, among many others. He was born in Jerez de la Frontera, Spain.


title: Grubhub

text: Grubhub Inc. is an American online and mobile prepared food and delivery group. It connects diners with local restaurants. The company is based in Chicago, Illinois and was founded in 2004. As of 2019, the company had 19.9 million active users and 115,000 associated restaurants across 3,200 cities and all 50 states in the United States. Grubhub Seamless went public in April 2014 and is traded on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) under the ticker symbol "GRUB".


title: Actual idealism

text: Simpler explanations are always correct. Gentile theorizes that thoughts can only be formed on the basis of incomplete information within the bounds of known reality. Abstract thinking does not exist.


title: Matthew West

text: He started out as an independent musician in the late 1990s and released three independent albums before signing a recording agreement with Universal South Records. His first album "Happy" (2003) won a Dove Award, and the album's radio single "More" was popular on Christian radios; it stayed at the number-one position on radio charts for nine weeks in a row. His second album "History" (2005) was followed by a 2006 re-release of his independent album titled "Sellout". In 2007, he had vocal problems which threatened his career, and was told by doctors to rest his voice by not speaking for two months. West's third album "Something to Say" was released in January 2008 and also was successful with the number one songs "You Are Everything" and "The Motions".


title: Early modern Europe

text: The early modern period is characterized by the rise to importance of science and technological progress, civic politics and the nation state. Capitalism began its rise, beginning in northern Italian republics such as Genoa. The early modern period also saw the rise and dominance of the economic theory of mercantilism. As such, the early modern period represents the decline and eventual disappearance, in much of the European sphere, of feudalism, serfdom and the power of the Catholic Church.


title: Amores con trampa

text: Amores con trampa, it is the life of a family of field that moves to the capital in search of a better future.


title: Frontiers of the Roman Empire

text: Limes (plural: 'Limites') is the Latin name of walls at the border of the Roman empire. There were many such fortifications.


title: Grubhub

text: On June 9, 2020, Just Eat Takeaway, a European food delivery service, announced an agreement to buy Grubhub for $7.3 billion in stock.<ref name="NYT, Conger et la 6/10/20"></ref>


title: Actual idealism

text: Actual idealism initially began as the "philosophy of fascism". Giovanni Gentile used his theory to support the formation of Mussolini's fascist state in Italy.


title: Matthew West

text: Matthew West has also written songs for many Christian musicians and bands such as Point of Grace, Mandisa and Natalie Grant, and also mainstream country singers Rascal Flatts and Billy Ray Cyrus.


title: Early modern Europe

text: The period includes the Protestant Reformation, the Thirty Years' War, the European colonization of the Americas and the peak of the European hunt of witches.


title: Frontiers of the Roman Empire

text: The term "limes" was used by Roman writers to describe paths, walls, boundary stones, rivers marking a boundary, but its meaning was not the same as the modern boundary.


title: Early modern Europe

text: The beginning of the early modern period is not clear-cut, but is generally accepted to be in the late 15th century or early 16th century. Significant dates in this phase from medieval to early modern Europe are:


title: Early modern Europe

text: The end date of the early modern period is associated with the Industrial Revolution, which began in Britain in about 1750, or the beginning of the French Revolution in 1789, which drastically transformed the state of European politics.


title: Early modern Europe

text: Among the most important political changes of this time are the abolition of serfdom and the change of kingdoms into nation-states. Then the Reformation, that meant that Christendom was no unified entity any more. Many kings and rulers used this radical shift in the understanding of the world to further consolidate their sovereignty over their territories. For instance, many of the Germanic states (as well as English Reformation) converted to Protestantism in an attempt to slip out of the power of the Pope.


title: Early modern Europe

text: The intellectual developments of the period included the creation of the economic theory of mercantilism and the publication of works of political and social philosophy, such as Machiavelli's "The Prince" (1513) and Thomas More's "Utopia" (1515).


title: Early modern Europe

text: The expression "early modern" is sometimes, and incorrectly, used as a substitute for the term Renaissance. However, "Renaissance" is properly used in relation to a diverse series of cultural developments; which occurred over several hundred years in many different parts of Europe—especially central and northern Italy—and span the transition from late Medieval civilization and the opening of the early modern period.


title: Early modern Europe

text: The term early modern is most often applied to Europe, and its overseas empire. However, in Japan, the Edo period from 1590 to 1868 is also sometimes referred to as the early modern period.


title: Fire drill

text: A fire drill is a sudden practice event, where people leave a building. They are practicing what they would do if there was a fire in the building. The event is started when the fire alarm goes off. The fire alarm sound can either be a continuous metal bell, a horn or a two-tone siren. Some old alarms in the UK like the Chloride Gent Warbler will curve between the two tones. The entire building is evacuated and everybody leaves the building using the nearest fire exit. At a school, college or university, the teacher or the lecturer counts the people outside to find out if anyone is missing. Sometimes people are evacuated when a drill is not scheduled by the school. This is called a false alarm. There are rules and regulations in place where fire alarm devices should be tested on a weekly basis. If the fire alarm sounds and the building is not evacuated, this may be due to the a scheduled fire alarm test that people already know about.


title: Kori Creek

text: The Kori Creek (, ) is a tidal creek and maritime Border dispute between the Kutch region of the Indian state of Gujarat and the Kachchhi region of the Pakistani province of Sindh. It is in the Rann of Kutch marshland east of the Sir Creek, which is disputed between India and Pakistan. It is a 96 km (60 mi) strip of water disputed between the Republic of India and Pakistan, claimed by India as a part of the Indian Rann of Kutch marshlands. The creek, which opens up into the Arabian Sea, divides the Kutch region of the Indian state of Gujarat with the Sindh province of Pakistan.


title: Michael Sorrentino

text: Michael Sorrentino (born July 4, 1982), also known as The Situation, is an American television personality. He appeared on the MTV reality show "Jersey Shore" in all six seasons from December 2009 through its final episode in December 2012.


title: Oldest dated rocks

text: 1. There are early rocks recovered from the Moon. This is relevant because the Moon was once part of the Earth: see giant impact hypothesis. During Apollo 16, Lunar sample 67215, dated at 4.46 billion years, was brought back. Lunar sample 67215 is the oldest known rock on Earth, even though it came from the Moon.


The National Popular Vote Interstate Compact (NPVIC) is an agreement among some U.S. states and the District of Columbia. It changes how the Electoral College chooses the president of the United States. The states agree to give all their votes in the Electoral College to the person with the most votes from regular people in the whole country. The agreement makes sure that person will become president. When that result is guaranteed, the agreement will become active.


title: West Coast Conference

text: The West Coast Conference (WCC) is a college sports conference in the western United States that sponsors many sports, but has never sponsored football. Only two of its current members have football teams.


title: M56 motorway

text: The M56, or North Cheshire Motorway, is a motorway in North West England. It links Chester with Manchester. It also links to the A55, which links drivers to North Wales. The motorway also passes Manchester Airport. The motorway also crosses the M6, linking it to Chester and Manchester. The motorway is about long.


The Department for Levelling Up, Housing and Communities (DLUHC) is the UK Government department for housing, communities and local government in England.


title: Fire drill

text: In the United Kingdom, the law recommends that all schools must do a fire drill every term. But with the current UK government laws, any organization in the UK should conduct a fire drill once a year. In addition to sounding the fire alarms for regular fire drills during term time, regular health and safety checks such as testing fire alarm systems and fire extinguishers must be done weekly. During half term holidays and breaks, these tests are often done during the day so that staff who work during term time know what the fire alarm sounds like. The fire alarm in the United Kingdom sounds either a continuous two tone buzzer or a beep similar to an electronic game beeping in test mode. Sometimes depending on the sounder used, the buzzer can curve between the two tones. In the United States, different states have laws that say how often schools must have fire drills. For example, in many states, schools must have one fire drill per month and fire alarms can either be continuous, or set to different codes such as code 3.


title: Kori Creek

text: The long-standing dispute hinges in the actual demarcation "from the mouth of Kori Creek to the top of Kori Creek, and from the top of Kori Creek eastward to a point on the line designated on the Western Terminus". From this point onwards, the boundary is unambiguously fixed as defined by the Tribunal Award of 1968.


title: Michael Sorrentino

text: On January 19, 2018, Sorrentino pleaded guilty to one count of tax evasion, as part of a plea bargain with prosecutors. On October 5, 2018, Sorrentino was sentenced to 8 months in prison, 2 years of supervised probation, and 500 hours of community service.


title: Oldest dated rocks

text: 2. The oldest material of terrestrial origin that has been dated is a zircon mineral 4.404 ±0.008 billion years old. It was in the Jack Hills of Western Australia. The oldest consistently-dated zircon is closer to 4.35 billion years ago.


title: National Popular Vote Interstate Compact

text: Now, fifteen states and the District of Columbia are in the agreement. Together, they have 195 votes in the Electoral College, which are called "electoral votes". When the agreement has 270 electoral votes, it will become active.


title: West Coast Conference

text: The WCC began in 1952 when five schools in and around the San Francisco Bay Area formed the California Basketball Association. The league was then called the West Coast Athletic Conference from 1956 to 1989.


title: Fire drill

text: Fire drills commonly take place in schools, colleges and public companies. In public transport such as cruise ships, it is called a muster drill. Fire drills aren't done on airplanes, but a safety demonstration that shows the emergency procedures of the aircraft is done instead. If an aircraft is about to perform an emergency landing, the passangers on the aircraft are told to take the safety brace position on hearing the "brace" command.


title: Kori Creek

text: The creek itself is in the uninhabited marshlands. During the monsoon season between June and September, the creek floods its banks and envelops the low-lying salty mudflats around it. During the winter season, the area is home to flamingoes and other migratory birds.


title: Oldest dated rocks

text: 3. The oldest rock formation on Earth may be the Acasta Gneiss in the Canadian Shield in the Northwest Territories, Canada. It is composed of the Archaean igneous and gneissic cores of ancient mountain chains that have been exposed by glacial action. Again it was dated by analysis of zircons in the rocks.


text: The NPVIC is an interstate compact. It will become active when its members control most of the Electoral College. Before that happens, the members will give their electoral votes the way they do now. After that, they will give all their electoral votes to the person with the most votes from Americans in all 50 states and the District of Columbia. (That person wins the "popular vote".) This way, that person will become president.


title: West Coast Conference

text: All 10 of its current members were founded by churches; seven are Catholic schools. Only Pacific, which was founded by Methodists, no longer receives money from a church.


title: Fire drill

text: During fire drills, some schools block exits with a piece of cardboard or something else that is supposed to stand for a fire. This makes people practice finding another way out of the building.


title: Kori Creek

text: The dispute is in the interpretation of the boundary line between Kutch and Sindh as depicted in a 1914 and 1925 map. At that time, the region was a part of Bombay Presidency of undivided India. After India's independence in 1947, Sindh became a part of Pakistan while Kutch became a part of India.


text: The U.S. Constitution lets state legislatures decide how to give their votes in the Electoral College. It says this in . The Constitution does not say how the states must do this. (However, the 14th Amendment says that states cannot discriminate against some groups of people.) In the past, states used different ways. Today, nearly all states give all their electoral votes to the person with the most votes in that state, even if they do not have a majority of the votes in that state. Maine and Nebraska separate their electoral votes between areas called "districts". The NPVIC changes how its members give out their electoral votes.


title: Kori Creek

text: The resolution, which demarcated the boundaries between the two territories, included the creek as part of Sindh province, thus setting the boundary as the eastern flank of the creek. The boundary line, known as the "Green Line", is disputed by India which maintains that it is an indicative line, known as a "ribbon line" in technical jargon. India's position is that the boundary is mid-channel as depicted in another map drawn in 1925, and implemented by the installation of mid-channel pillars back in 1924.


text: In the past, some people who did not get the most votes became president anyway. Most Americans want the person with the most votes to be president despite the fact that two States, California and New York would essentially cancel out the votes of 43 other States and limit the amount of personal exposure those States receive from potential presidential candidates. In 2007, 72% of surveyed Americans said they wanted to change the Electoral College to a direct vote. This included 78% of Democrats, 60% of Republicans, and 73% of independent voters. Surveys since 1944 show most Americans want a direct vote, except in 2016. Reasons for the NPVIC include:


title: Kori Creek

text: India supports its stance by citing the Thalweg Doctrine in International Law. The law states that river boundaries between two states may be, if the two states agree, divided by the mid-channel. Though Pakistan does not dispute the 1925 map, it maintains that the Doctrine is not applicable in this case as it only applies to bodies of water that are navigable, which the Kori Creek is not. India rejects the Pakistani stance by maintaining the fact that the creek is navigable in high tide, and that fishing trawlers use it to go out to sea. Several cartographic surveys conducted have supported the Indian claim. Another point of concern for Pakistan is that Kori Creek has changed its course considerably over the years. If the boundary line is demarcated (outlined) according to the Thalweg principle, Pakistan stands to lose a considerable portion of the territory that was historically part of the province of Sindh. Accepting India's stance would also result in the shifting of the land/sea terminus (end) point several kilometres to the disadvantage of Pakistan, leading in turn to a loss of several thousand square kilometres of its Exclusive Economic Zone under the United Nations Convention on Law of the Sea.


text: Several newspapers support the NPVIC. They include "The New York Times", the "Chicago Sun-Times", the "Los Angeles Times", "The Boston Globe", and the "Minneapolis Star Tribune". These newspapers say that the current system makes people not want to vote. They say the current system gives too much attention to a few states and their problems. Other newspapers are against the agreement, including the "Honolulu Star-Bulletin" and "The Wall Street Journal". The former governor of Delaware, Pierre S. du Pont IV, said the agreement gives too much power to cities and states with many people. He said it would make politics be about only city problems, and it would let worse people run for office. The League of Women Voters made a list of documents that argue for and against the agreement.


title: Kori Creek

text: In April 1965, a dispute there contributed to the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965, when fighting broke out between India and Pakistan. Later the same year, British Prime Minister Harold Wilson persuaded both countries to set up a tribunal to resolve the dispute. A verdict was reached in 1968, which saw Pakistan getting 10% of its claim of 9,000 km² (3,500 sq. miles).


text: Today, people running for president give most of their money and attention to states where the vote will be close. The other states are mostly ignored. The maps here show the amount of advertising and visits by the top two people running in 2004. This is adjusted by the number of people in each state. People who support the NPVIC say that it will make the people running work to get votes in every state. People who are against the NPVIC say that states with few people and few cities will not get enough attention.


title: Kori Creek

text: The disputed region was at the center of international attention in 1999 after Mig-21 fighter planes of the Indian Air Force shot down a Pakistani Navy Breguet Atlantique surveillance aircraft over the Kori Creek on August 10, 1999, killing all 16 on board. India claimed that the plane had strayed into its airspace, which was disputed by the Pakistani navy. (See the Atlantique Incident)


text: Some people are against the NPVIC because they worry about cheating. Governor du Pont said that it is easier to add a few false votes in many places than to add many false votes in just a few places. However, National Popular Vote says that adding together all the votes in the country will make it more difficult to cheat. Today, the winner can be decided by a very small number of votes in just one state.


title: Kori Creek

text: Though the Kori Creek has little military value, it holds immense economic gain. Much of the region is rich in oil and gas below the sea bed, and control over the creek would have a huge bearing on the energy potential of each nation. Also once the boundaries are defined, it would help in the determination of the maritime boundaries which are drawn as an extension of onshore reference points. Maritime boundaries also help in determining the limits of Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZs) and continental shelves. EEZs extend to 200 nautical miles (370 km) and can be subjected to commercial exploitation.


text: The NPVIC does not say how to count the votes again if the result is not clear. Each state does this for its own votes. However, the result for the whole country can be close even if the result in each state is not. People who support the agreement say that a close result is less probable in the whole country than in each state.


title: Kori Creek

text: The demarcation would also prevent the inadvertent crossing over of fishermen of both nations into each others' territories.


text: People don't agree about whether the Electoral College helps states with few people, or states with many people. The Electoral College is not designed to be proportional to population: states with few people have more electoral votes for each person than states with many people. If the Electoral College were proportional, California would have 19% more power than it does now. The states with the fewest people would have 30% less power. However, some people say that states with many people have more power than one may expect, because they control so many electoral votes at once. The NPVIC gives the same power to every person, no matter where they live.


title: Kori Creek

text: The Federal Government of Pakistan lays claim to the entire creek as per "paras 9 and 10" of the "Bombay Government Resolution of 1914" signed between the then provincial Government of Sindh and Rao Maharaj, then the ruler of the former Princely state of Kutch.


text: Some people believe the NPVIC would help one political party or another, which would not be fair. Pierre S. du Pont IV, a Republican, says the agreement would help Democrats and people in cities. However, Saul Anuzis of the Republican National Committee thinks that the agreement will help Republicans, because he believes most people are closer to Republican political positions. Writer Hendrik Hertzberg of "The New Yorker" says the agreement helps neither party: in the past, each party sometimes had the better position in the Electoral College. In the last five elections, the Democrats had the better position in three years (2004, 2008, and 2012) and the Republicans had it in two years (2000 and 2016). In four of those years, Democrats won the most votes in the country.


title: Kori Creek

text: However since 1969, there have been eight rounds of talks between the two nations, without a breakthrough. Steps to resolve the dispute include:


text: The NPVIC can force a state to give its electoral votes to someone who did not win the most votes in that state. For this reason, two governors (Arnold Schwarzenegger of California and Linda Lingle of Hawaii) stopped their states from joining the agreement. (Both those states later joined the agreement.) People who support the agreement say that the number of votes in any one state is not as important as the choice of most people in the whole country.


title: Kori Creek

text: Since neither side has conceded ground, India has proposed that the maritime boundary could be demarcated first, as per the provisions of Technical Aspects of Law of Sea (TALOS). However, Pakistan has firmly refused the proposal on the grounds that the dispute should be resolved first. Pakistan has also proposed that the two sides go in for international arbitration, which India has flatly refused. India maintains that all bilateral disputes should be resolved without the intervention of third-parties.


text: Those who support the NPVIC say that it is legal and allowed by the U.S. Constitution. Article II of the Constitution lets states decide how to give out their electoral votes. The two men who created the agreement, Akhil Reed Amar and Vikram Amar, hold this position. Jamie Raskin agrees. Raskin is a professor of law and a Congressman from Maryland. He put his name on the first NPVIC bill that became law.


text: One law student wrote that the agreement could break the Voting Rights Act of 1965, which protects minority voters. However, the U.S. Department of Justice decided that the agreement does not hurt minority voters. It allowed California to join the agreement in 2012. Rob Richie of the organization FairVote says that the NPVIC "treats all voters equally". The same student wrote the NPVIC tries to go around the normal way of changing the Constitution. Raskin replied that going around in this way is legal.


text: Ian Drake, an assistant professor of political science, believes the agreement will only be proper if the Constitution is changed. Other writers believe that the agreement is already proper. Those who vote in the Electoral College promise to vote for a certain person, but they do not have to vote that way by law. Michael Brody believes that this makes the agreement proper.


text: It is possible that the agreement needs to be approved by Congress. The Constitution says that agreements between states need Congress to approve. However, the U.S. Supreme Court says that this is not always true. They talked about that question in the court case "Virginia v. Tennessee" and others. They decided the only agreements that need approval are those that threaten the authority of the U.S. government. Every Vote Equal says that the NPVIC cannot threaten the authority of the U.S. government, because the Constitution lets states decide how to give out their electoral votes. Derek Muller does not agree. He argues that the NPVIC affects the U.S. government system, and so it needs approval. Ian Drake says that Congress is not allowed to approve the agreement. Those who support the NPVIC do not agree. They do not think the agreement needs approval from Congress, but they plan to ask for this approval in any case.


text: In the past, people have made several plans to end the Electoral College by changing the Constitution. This is called an "amendment". However, this is very difficult to do. First, two thirds of the U.S. Senate and the U.S. House of Representatives need to approve the change. Then, three quarters of the states need to approve the change.


text: The plan that came closest to success was the Bayh-Celler plan. It was introduced in the 91st Congress, which met from January 1969 to January 1971. It was introduced by Representative Emanuel Celler of New York. The Bayh-Celler plan would have ended the Electoral College, and instead made a system using the popular vote. The pair of people with the most votes would become president and vice president, as long as they got more than 40% of the votes. If no one got more than 40%, a new vote would happen with the top two pairs. Celler's plan was approved in the House of Representatives in 1969, by a vote of 338–70. However, it was stopped in the Senate by a filibuster.


text: In 2005, Representative Gene Green of Texas introduced another plan to chose the president and vice president using the popular vote. Green introduced his plan to Congress as a "joint resolution" called H.J.Res. 9. It was also called the Every Vote Counts Amendment. Congressman Jesse Jackson, Jr. of Illinois and Senator Bill Nelson of Florida also introduced joint resolutions in the 111th Congress, which met from 2009 to 2011. All of these plans died in committees, before the whole Congress could vote on them.


text: In 2001, a law professor named Robert Bennett introduced a new plan. Bennett's plan did not require a change to the Constitution. His plan used the power of the states instead of fighting against it. In Bennett's plan, a group of states that control most of the Electoral College could work together. They would make the popular vote decide the result of elections.


text: Two other law professors, brothers named Akhil Reed Amar and Vikram Amar, supported this plan. The Amar brothers proposed an agreement between states, made with laws in those states. The states would give all their electoral votes to the person who won the popular vote. The agreement would not become active until it guaranteed that person would win the Electoral College and become president. This agreement became the NPVIC.


text: The Amar brothers' plan could work with as few as eleven states. They believe it would not need approval from Congress. However, that is not certain: the section Approval by Congress explains why.


text: In 2006, the computer science professor John Koza wrote a book called "Every Vote Equal". The book argues for a National Popular Vote agreement between states. (Koza knew about agreements between states from his work on lottery tickets.) Koza, Barry Fadem, and others made a non-profit organization called National Popular Vote. This organization promotes the NPVIC. It is led by people from both major political parties, including former Senators Jake Garn, Birch Bayh, and David Durenberger, and former Representatives John Anderson, John Buchanan, and Tom Campbell.


text: In 2006, legislatures in six states looked at NPVIC bills. Illinois even introduced a bill before National Popular Vote announced it at a press conference. That year, the Colorado Senate approved the bill. Both houses of the California legislature approved the bill, but Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger stopped it with a veto.


text: In 2007, 42 states looked at bills to join the NPVIC. One house of the legislature approved bills in Arkansas, California, Colorado, Illinois, New Jersey, North Carolina, Maryland, and Hawaii. Maryland was the first state to join the agreement. Maryland Governor Martin O'Malley signed the agreement into law on April 10, 2007.


text: All 50 states have looked at bills to join the NPVIC. In some states, only one house has approved the agreement: Arizona, Arkansas, Maine, Michigan, Nevada, North Carolina, and Oklahoma. Maryland, New Jersey, and Washington had bills to leave the agreement, but these failed.


text: The U.S. Congress can stop laws in the District of Columbia within 30 working days, but they did not do this.


text: Some states allow laws to be made with a direct vote by the public, called an "initiative" or a "referendum". First, supporters must get a certain number of people to sign their names. Then, the question can be given to the voters. In 2018, groups in Arizona, Maine, and Missouri worked on initiatives to join the agreement, but these did not get enough people to sign.


text: Nate Silver, who studies elections, says that the NPVIC cannot succeed without support from "red" states (states that mostly vote for Republicans). So far, only "blue" states have joined (states that mostly vote for Democrats). However, legislatures controlled by Republicans have agreed to join the agreement in Arizona, Oklahoma, and New York.


title: HMS Sirius (1786)

text: HMS "Sirius" was the main ship of the British First Fleet. The First Fleet carried the convicts and soldiers to Australia to start a penal colony. This was the start of European settlement in Australia.


title: Indian Act

text: The Indian Act ("An Act respecting Indians"), is a Canadian statute that concerns registered Indians, their bands, and the system of Indian reserves. It was first passed in 1876 and is still in force with amendments. It is the primary document which governs how the Canadian state interacts with the 614 First Nation bands in Canada and their members. Throughout its long history, the Act has been an ongoing source of controversy. It has been interpreted in many ways by both aboriginal and non-aboriginal Canadians. The legislation has been amended many times, including "over twenty major changes" made by 2002.


title: Kantaji Temple

text: Kantojiu Temple () at Kantanagar is a late-medieval Hindu temple in Dinajpur District, Bangladesh. It was built by Maharaja Pran Nath; its construction started in 1702 and ended in 1752, during the reign of his son Maharaja Ramnath. It has one of the best examples of terracotta architecture in Bangladesh. It once had nine spires, but they were all destroyed in an earthquake in 1897.


title: Children of Muhammad

text: The Children of Prophet Muhammad include three sons and four daughters. All were born to Muhammad's first wife Khadija bint Khuwaylid except one son, who was born to Maria al-Qibtiyya.


title: Solo concerto

text: The solo concerto is a concerto that includes a single soloist, with accompaniment from the entire orchestra. It originated in the Baroque period, and remained throughout the years to be popular among many composers. Although it is not true for many solo concerti, it could be said that the genre typically has three movements, the first and the last being fast-paced and lively, broken up by a more lyrical, slower second movement.


title: HMS Sirius (1786)

text: The ship of 520 tons was built on the River Thames, England in 1781. She was first called the "Berwick.". She had been built to work in the Baltic Sea to carry timber. The Royal Navy bought it to use as a store ship. She was refitted for the trip to Australia, and renamed "HMS Sirius". Lieutenant Philip Gidley King wrote that the ship was named after the star in the Orion constellation.She was armed with six carronades, short cannons used to fire large objects to smash ships. She also had four six-pounder guns. There were another ten six-pounder guns in the cargo hold to be used to protect the new settlement. HMS Sirius was about long and wide. Her hold was about deep.


title: Solo concerto

text: Giuseppe Torelli was one of the first composers to write solo concerti, written in 1698; however Vivaldi could be credited to making the three-movement form as typical of this genre. Later, Handel wrote many solo concerti for different types of soloist, as before then they had mainly been only for violin.


title: HMS Sirius (1786)

text: The ship was commanded by Arthur Phillip with John Hunter as second captain. Phillip would be in charge of the ship as part of the First Fleet, and then Hunter would be in charge after while Phillip was setting up the penal colony. King, William Bradley and George William Maxwell were the lieutenants. She carried a crew of about 160 men.


title: Solo concerto

text: The Classical period then used solo concerti to great effect, and developed to make the solos more virtuosic. Many of Beethoven’s and Mozart’s more famous works were solo concerti.


title: HMS Sirius (1786)

text: "HMS Sirius" carried all the guns and ammunition for the Fleet. No weapons were kept on the convict transports in case of mutiny. She left England on May 13, 1787, and sailed to Australia with stops at Santa Cruz, Rio de Janeiro and Cape Town. She arrived in Botany Bay on January 20, 1788. She reached Port Jackson on January 26.


title: Solo concerto

text: The early Romantic period had many solo concerti, written by well-known composers such as Mendelssohn, and were not too different from those of the classical era. However, later in this period, the solos became even more virtuosic, meaning that only brilliant players could ever play them. Along with this, the structures and textures became denser, helped by the excessive size that was commonplace during the era.


title: HMS Sirius (1786)

text: At Cape Town, eight guns were taken away from the gun deck and put in the hold. This was to make room to build stalls to hold cattle. The guns were put back after the ship arrived in Sydney. They were taken out again and put into a fort at Dawes Point.


title: Solo concerto

text: Finally, 20th century music carried on the rich works of the Romantic era. However, when neoclassic genres came about, many classical-style solo concerti were written once again.


title: HMS Sirius (1786)

text: In October 1788 "HMS Sirius" sailed east to Cape Town to get extra food supplies. Leaving Cape Town in January 1789, she continued to travel east until she got back to Sydney in May. This eastward journey using the west winds, known as "the Roaring Forties" meant that the ship had sailed completely around the world. Rough seas near Tasmania smashed her figurehead and badly damaged the front of the ship.


title: HMS Sirius (1786)

text: In March 1790 the "Sirius" went to Norfolk Island to deliver more marines, convicts and supplies. She was able to unload the people, but bad weather made getting the supplies ashore impossible. Four days later Captain Hunter tried to land the supplies in Sydney Bay. The ship drifted too far into the bay and was wrecked on a reef on March 19. All the crew were rescued. Over the next two weeks most of the supplies were saved as well.


title: HMS Sirius (1786)

text: It was another 11 months before another ship came to Norfolk Island and took the crew back to Sydney. Hunter went back to England and an inquiry decided that the shipwreck was not his fault.


title: HMS Sirius (1786)

text: Cannons from the wreck were saved in 1790. In 1795 Lieutenant-Governor Philip Gidley King gave four cannons to Captain Hogan, of the ship, "Marquis Cornwallis". Eight cannons were sent back to Sydney, to be used in a fort in 1804. In 1924, two cannon from the ship were put in front of the Norfolk Island court house.


title: HMS Sirius (1786)

text: One of "HMS Sirius's" 12 anchors was found at the wreck site. In 1907 it was put on show in Macquarie Place, Sydney. The anchor is in good condition although the ends of the arms were broken off while it was being brought up from the wreck. Work was done on the anchor to help keep it in good condition in 1992. The size of the anchor is long, wide and deep. Next to the anchor is one of the cannons from the "HMS Sirius". This was one of the cannons taken off the ship to guard Sydney back in 1788.


title: HMS Sirius (1786)

text: In 1983 the wreck was explored by archaeologists. In 1985 several objects were found including a carronade (a small cannon) and another anchor. In 1987 more than 600 objects were brought up from the ship. These are on show in the Maritime Museum on Norfolk Island.


title: Tajdid

text: Tajdid () is an Arabic word that means "renewal". It is usually put together with "din" to mean "renewal of the religion." A similar but less common expression is "ihya' al-din" (), which may be translated as "revival of the religion."


title: Latin poetry

text: Latin poetry is the poetry of Ancient Rome. They started by adapting Greek models. The verse comedies of Plautus are the earliest surviving examples of Latin literature. They were probably composed around 205–184 BC.


title: Singju

text: Singju or Singsu (Manipuri salad) is a Meitei Manipuri dish, mainly made up of a leafy green vegetables. It is generally consumed as a spicy side dish. Notably, Singju festival, an annual fair is organized in the promotion of the food item in India.


title: Alveolar lateral ejective fricative

text: The alveolar lateral ejective fricative is a sound used in some spoken languages. It is not in English.


title: Tajdid

text: The purpose of the tajdid (renewal or revival) is to implement this ideal model in Muslims' lives, wherever and whenever Muslim society exists. This purpose implies that tajdid is a continuous effort by Muslims always to explain Islam and make it applicable in continually changing situations without violating its principles.


title: Latin poetry

text: There was a play written by a Greek slave, Livius Andronicus, at Rome in 240 BC. Livius translated Greek comedy for Roman audiences. He used metres that were those of Greek drama, but modified to the needs of Latin.


title: Tajdid

text: The notion of tajdid in the Islamic tradition can be traced back to the Prophet Muhammad, who said that "At the start of each century there will arise in this ummah (the Muslim community) those who will call for a religious renewal". Such people (mujaddids, or renewers of Islam), are believed to always come in the time when Muslim community departs from the true path defined by the Qur'an and sunnah (example of the Prophet). The task of the mujaddid, therefore, is to return Muslims to their basic sources (the Qur'an and sunnah), to clean Islam from all un-Godly elements, to present Islam and make it flourish more or less in its original pure form and spirit.


title: Latin poetry

text: His successors, Plautus and Terence, continued this process. The traditional metre of Greek epic poetry, the dactylic hexameter, was introduced into Latin literature by Ennius (239–169 BC). Ennius provided a model for the later 'classical' poets such as Virgil and Ovid. Horace (who was a contemporary of Virgil) wrote verses in dactylic hexameter. They were in a conversational style, as if writing a letter. Virgil's hexameters are regarded as "the supreme metrical system of Latin literature".


title: Tajdid

text: The tradition of a renewal of the faith went back to Islam's first century, with the caliph Umar II ('Umar ibn 'Abd al-'Aziz), who came to power in the Muslim year 99 and was particularly revered for his piety, in contrast to his predecessors. He was viewed as a renewer of the faith in an age of increasingly profane rule, and later mujaddids and their movements in various parts of the Islamic world followed his precedent.


title: Marinade

text: Marination is the process of soaking foods in a liquid before cooking. The idea is to add flavour, and to tenderize tougher cuts of meat.


title: Esther Lungu

text: Esther Nyawa Lungu (born 2 June 1961) is a Zambian politician and public figure. She is also the wife of the current President of Zambia Edgar Lungu. She was raised as a Catholic, but she and her husband are now Baptists. Lungu has campaigned against child marriage during her tenure as First Lady. She is the Chairman and mentor of Esther Lungu Foundation formed on December 2015 to empower women and children of Zambia.


title: Andrew Upton

text: Andrew Upton (born 1 February 1966) is an Australian playwright, screenwriter, and director. He is the husband of the two-time Academy Award winner actress Cate Blanchett.


title: Tom and Jerry: Cowboy Up!

text: Tom and Jerry: Cowboy Up! is an 2022 american animated western comedy-adventure direct-to-video movie directed by Darrell Van Citters. It was released on January 25th, 2022 as the 16th film's installment of the Tom and Jerry Movie trilogy and the second reboot film of the series.


title: Marinade

text: The liquid in question, the 'marinade', may be acidic (made with ingredients such as vinegar, lemon juice, or wine) or enzymatic (made with ingredients such as pineapple, papaya or kiwifruit). In addition to these ingredients, a marinade often contains oils, herbs, and spices to further flavour the food.


title: Andrew Upton

text: As a playwright, Upton created adaptations of "Hedda Gabler", "The Cherry Orchard", "Cyrano de Bergerac", "Don Juan" (with Marion Potts), "Uncle Vanya", "The Maids", "Children of the Sun" and "Platonov" for the Sydney Theatre Company (STC) and Maxim Gorky's "The Philistines" for London's Royal National Theatre.


title: Tom and Jerry: Cowboy Up!

text: The Wild, Wild West just got wilder with Tom and Jerry on the ranch! This time, the rivals team up to help a cowgirl and her brother save their homestead from a greedy land-grabber, and they’re going to need some help! Jerry’s three precocious nephews are all ready for action, and Tom is rounding up a posse of prairie dogs. But can a ragtag band of varmints defeat a deceitful desperado determined to deceive a damsel in distress? No matter what happens with Tom and Jerry in the saddle, it’ll be a rootin’ tootin’ good time!


title: Marinade

text: The process may last seconds or days. Different marinades are used in different cuisines. For example, in Indian cuisine the marinade is usually prepared with a mixture of blends.


title: Andrew Upton

text: Upton and Cate Blanchett met in 1996 on the set of a TV show, and were married on 29 December 1997. They have four children: biological sons Dashiell John (born 3 December 2001), Roman Robert (born 23 April 2004), Ignatius Martin (born 13 April 2008), and adopted daughter Edith Vivian Patricia, whose adoption was confirmed on 6 March 2015.


title: Andrew Upton

text: Following the sale of their property there in late 2015, Upton and Blanchett purchased in early 2016 a historic $6.25 million English manor, Highwell House, in Crowborough, East Sussex, England.


title: Andrew Upton

text: "Variety" has reported that around the same time the couple also purchased a modern-minded five-bedroom duplex apartment in downtown Sydney once owned by satirist Barry Humphries, and purchased from "The Celebrity Apprentice Australia" host Mark Bouris for an amount "somewhere in the neighborhood of $8 million".


title: UGK Records

text: UGK Records is an American record label. It was created by Chad Butler, rapper Pimp C, immediately following his release from prison in 2006. The music production company is named after Pimp C’s rap group UGK (UnderGround Kingz). The label was in the process of finalizing a distribution deal when Pimp C was found dead in his West Hollywood hotel room. UGK Records was managed by Pimp C’s mother, Weslyn Monroe, known as Mama Wes. The label is now being managed by Pimp C’s son.


title: Hans-Dietrich Ernst

text: Hans-Dietrich Ernst (born November 3, 1908 Opole - March 1991 ) was a German lawyer, SS squad leader and Sicherheitsdienst (SD) lawyer.


title: Bob Katter

text: Robert Carl "Bob" Katter (born 22 May 1945) is an Australian politician. He has been a member of the House of Representatives for the Division of Kennedy since 1993.


title: The Iron Superman

text: The Iron Superman also known as "Roboter Der Sterne" in Germany and Spain in "Mazinger-Z, el robot de las estrellas" an Taiwanese science-fiction action comedy mecha film directed by Ting Hung-Kuo. an obvious footage from the Japanese mecha television series "Super Robot Mach Baron" over these scenes.


title: Nina Hillman

text: , known professionally as Nina Hillman, is an American-Japanese idol singer and actress. She made her debut in the Japanese group NiziU in December of 2020.


title: Hans-Dietrich Ernst

text: He was a commander of the security police and SD (KdS) in German-occupied France during the World War II. He was responsible for the deportation of Jews.


title: Bob Katter

text: He has led his own political party, Katter's Australian Party, since 2011. He was the only person to win a seat in his party in the 2016 federal election. He was a member of the Nationals until 2001. He was also an independent from 2001 to 2011.


title: Nina Hillman

text: Hillman was born on February 27, 2005 in Seattle, Washington, United States. She was born to a Japanese mother and an American father of French descent. She is the youngest of two siblings and has an older sister. Her family moved to Japan in 2018.


title: Hans-Dietrich Ernst

text: After Austria's annexation in 1939, he worked in the office of the "Reich Commissioner for the Reunification of Austria with the German Empire".


title: Bob Katter

text: Katter was born in Cloncurry, Queensland. He is of Lebanese ancestry. His father, Bob Katter Sr., was a parliament member of Kennedy. He has five children. His son, Robbie, is the leader of Katter's Australian Party in Queensland.


title: Nina Hillman

text: While at ACT (A Contemporary Theatre), Nina starred as Trixie in "Cat on a Hot Tin Roof" (2015). Nina was the understudy for the musical theatre performance "The Secret Garden" for the role of Mary Lennox.


title: Hans-Dietrich Ernst

text: He left Angers in August 1944, as the Allies advanced. From September to November 1944, he was in the Vosges department.


title: Nina Hillman

text: Nina participated in JYP Entertainment's reality survival program Nizi Project where she competed against 12 finalists to secure a spot in the label's next girl group. Coming in ninth place, she went on to join the new girl group, which was later revealed to be named NiziU.


title: Hans-Dietrich Ernst

text: From 1958 he was admitted to the bar in Leer, and from 1964 was a notary. In 1962, the CIA searched for him as a person of interest.


title: The Mirror for Magistrates

text: The Mirror for Magistrates is a collection of English poems from the Tudor period. The first edition was published in 1559. These poems were written by different writers. The poems are about the lives and the tragic ends of historical figures. The best poems are "Induction" and "Buckingham's Complaint" by Thomas Sackville.


title: Performing music from memory

text: Performing music from memory means knowing a piece of music well enough to be able to play or sing it without the written music.


title: Windows 2.x

text: Windows 2.x is a graphical personal computer operating system developed by Microsoft. It was said to look almost the same to the first Mac OS and more closely matched Microsoft's pre-release publicity for Windows 1.0.


title: Lindy Chamberlain-Creighton

text: Alice Lynne "Lindy" Chamberlain-Creighton ("née" Murchison; born 4 March 1948) is a New Zealand-born Australian woman who was wrongfully convicted of the death of her nine-week-old daughter daughter Azaria in 1980. The event happened at a campsite near Uluru, Northern Territory. It was one of Australia's most notable murder trials. Chamberlain said that she saw a dingo leave the tent where Azaria was sleeping.


title: MDH (spice company)

text: Mahashian Di Hatti Private Limited, doing business as MDH, is an Indian spice producer and seller based in New Delhi, India.


title: Performing music from memory

text: Although some people can learn music by ear, most people who are taught to play musical instruments learn new pieces by reading the printed music which is in front of them on a music stand. When someone has learned to play a piece of music well enough to perform it, it is good if they can learn to play it without the printed music. This is called “playing from memory” or “playing by heart”. When a musician is practising a piece of music so that it can be played from memory this is called memorizing the music.


title: Windows 2.x

text: Five months after the release of Windows 2.03, Microsoft released Windows 2.10, and after 10 months, Windows 2.11. They were the first versions that required an Intel 80286 or 80386 processor to run.


title: Lindy Chamberlain-Creighton

text: Chamberlain was sentenced to life imprisonment for the murder of her daughter in 1982. Her appeals to the Federal Court of Australia and High Court of Australia were dismissed. On 7 February 1986, after the discovery of new evidence, Chamberlain was released from prison. She and her husband Michael Chamberlain were officially pardoned in 1987.


title: MDH (spice company)

text: It is the second largest leader in the Indian market with 12% market share, following S Narendrakumar's Everest Spices.


title: Performing music from memory

text: Most Classical musicians will agree that it is good to play from memory when performing as a soloist. It means that the player understands the music really well, and he is able to concentrate completely on the way he plays the music (the interpretation). In some music competitions the competitors are expected to play from memory. A pianist playing a recital will usually play everything from memory. It is particularly important for singers who are performing songs (Lieder) to sing without music because they can then communicate directly with the audience using the expression on their faces. Some conductors conduct from memory. If they do, they ought to know every single note for every single instrument from memory. There are some conductors who have such amazing memories that they can do this.


title: Lindy Chamberlain-Creighton

text: Chamberlain was born in Whakatāne, New Zealand. She married Michael Chamberlain in 1969. Aside from Azaria, the couple had three other children. They divorced in 1991. She married Rick Creighton in 1992.


title: Performing music from memory

text: Some people find it easier to memorize music than others. There are different ways of practising to help memorize music: by memorizing a few bars at a time, by studying the printed music away from the instrument, or by “thinking” through the piece away from the instrument.


title: Lindy Chamberlain-Creighton

text: In the movie "Evil Angels" (1988), Meryl Streep played the role of Chamberlain. Streep's performance earnt her an Academy Award nomination for Best Actress in 1989.


title: Performing music from memory

text: Some people have a “photographic memory” and can see in their mind the music as printed on the paper. Some people rely on aural memory (hearing it in one’s imagination). There is also muscular memory (the fingers "knowing" what to do). Probably most people use some combination of all these methods.


title: Performing music from memory

text: When people perform from memory they are often worried that they might have a memory lapse (forget how the music goes). It can happen, of course, even to the greatest musicians. The famous violinist Bronislaw Huberman and the pianist Eugen d’Albert were once performing Beethoven’s "Kreutzer Sonata". Both were playing from memory. One of them kept going wrong in the same place, playing something that had happened earlier, so that they played the middle bit three times before eventually managing to finish the piece. However, this is quite common, and can happen to anyone.


title: Performing music from memory

text: People who learn musical instruments should try to memorize some of their pieces. Many famous musicians have a large repertoire (a collection) of pieces that they can play from memory.


title: American Ornithologists' Union

text: The American Ornithologists' Union (AOU) is an ornithological organization. It is found in the USA. Its members are mainly professional ornithologists. It is similar to the National Audubon Society, except its members are mainly amateur birders. It is a member of the Ornithological Council.


title: Euler's totient theorem

text: In number theory, Euler's totient theorem (also known as the Fermat–Euler theorem) states that if "n" and "a" are coprime, (meaning that the only number that divides "n" and "a" is 1), then the following equivalence relation holds:


title: What's Eating Gilbert Grape

text: The movie What's Eating Gilbert Grape is a 1993 romantic comedy-drama. This movie is about several men in Iowa, one of whom is intellectually disabled (has an I.Q. 70 or under). The title character, Gilbert (Johnny Depp), cares for his brother Arnie (Leonardo DiCaprio) because of his issue, and also for his mother, Bonnie, who is very overweight (Darlene Cates). Juliette Lewis plays Becky. The movie was shown on December 17, 1993 with a limited release. It was released elsewhere between February and March 1994. The reviews were very positive with low box office.


title: Saint David's Day

text: Saint David's Day is the feast (celebration) day of Saint David. He is the patron saint of Wales. His feast day falls on the 1st of March each year. The day is celebrated by the people of Wales and people of Welsh background throughout the world. The first day of March was chosen in memory of the death of Saint David. It is believed that he died on that day in 589. The date was declared a national day of celebration within Wales in the 18th century.


title: Barnard's Loop

text: Barnard's Loop is an emission nebula in the constellation of Orion. It is about 1,600 light-years away from Earth. It is part of the Orion complex. It is a semicircular arc that is about 300 light-years across. In the center of Bernard's Loop are two nebula. These are the Orion nebula and the Horsehead nebula. Barnard’s Loop is made up of Plasma. The mainly red color comes from hydrogen gas.


title: Holland's schema theorem

text: Holland's schema theorem, also called the fundamental theorem of genetic algorithms, is a theorem regarding genetic algorithms. It says that individuals with a fitness that is higher than average are more likely to prevail. John Holland proposed the theorem in the 1970s. At the start, it was used as the foundation for explanations of the power of genetic algorithms. This interpreation has been criticized in several publications, where the Schema Theorem is shown to be a special case of the Price equation with the schema indicator function as the macroscopic measurement.


title: Commodity substitution bias

text: Commodity substitution bias is a problem with the calculation to find the change in an item's price change over time.


title: Maureen O'Hara

text: Maureen O'Hara (17 August 1920 – 24 October 2015) was an Irish-American actress and singer. She was born in Ranelagh, Dublin and was a naturalised American citizen. She starred in many movies. She is noted for usually playing fiercely passionate heroines in her movies.


title: Kerala lotteries

text: Kerala State Lotteries is a lottery programme run by the Government of Kerala. Established in 1967, under the lottery department of the Government of Kerala, it is the first of its kind in India.


title: Sprout (TV channel)

text: Sprout (formerly PBS Kids Sprout) was an American children’s television channel launched in September 26, 2005. in 2017, Sprout was replaced by Universal Kids after the acquisition of NBCUniversal in 2013.


title: Ethan William Childress

text: Ethan William Childress (born February 13, 2009 in Las Vegas, Nevada) is an american actor. He is best known for his work in movies and television.


title: Ninjago (TV series)

text: Ninjago (previously known as Ninjago: Masters of Spinjitzu until 2019) is a Danish-Canadian computer-animated television series produced by The Lego Group. It was created to coincide with the Lego Ninjago line of construction toys, which is based on the characters and events of the series. It centres on the fictional world of Ninjago, telling the story of a group of six teenage ninjas and their battles against the forces of evil. The series was created by Michael Hegner and Tommy Andreasen, two Danish film producers. The storyline was written by Dan and Kevin Hageman until the ninth season; their successor as the head writer is Bragi Schut. The show features a large ensemble cast of voice actors who have recurring roles in the series. The English-language voice cast has been recorded in Canada for its entire run. The music is scored by composers Michael Kramer and Jay Vincent.


title: Kaiser Johnson

text: Kaiser Johnson (born February 25, 1986) is an American actor, voiceover talent and writer who portrays Evil Russian in the third season of Stranger Things. He is also known for his roles in Vampire Diaries and Unplanned. He is married to actress Keeley Bright, and they live in Los Angeles, CA. Kaiser Johnson was born Eric Kaiser Johnson in Minneapolis, Minnesota. Instead of going to high school, Johnson went early to college, and garnered three Kennedy Center acting nominations for roles as diverse as a dying boy in Edwin Sanchez's "Icarus", Marc Antony in Julius Caesar, and a brutal murderer in . In addition to a BFA in acting, Johnson trains with Warner Loughlin. After a decade of martial arts training, he holds a 2nd degree black belt.


title: Scotty Doesn't Know

text: "Scotty Doesn't Know" is a song from the 2004 sex comedy movie "EuroTrip" written and performed by the band Lustra. It is about the lead singer having an affair with Fiona and Scotty doesn't know that.


title: Blue Bunny Ice Cream

text: Blue Bunny Ice Cream was made by Fred H. Wells in 1913. He got the idea by purchasing ingredients to make ice cream. It first originated in Sioux City, Iowa in the United States.


title: American Ornithologists' Union

text: It has a journal, called "The Auk". It is published four times a year. It has been published since January, 1884. Some of its other big publications are the "AOU Checklist of North American Birds" and a series, "Ornithological Monographs". The AOU Checklist of North American Birds is the standard reference for the field.


title: Euler's totient theorem

text: Euler's theorem is a more refined theorem of Fermat's little theorem, which Pierre de Fermat had published in 1640, a hundred years prior. Fermat's theorem remained unproven until the work of 18th-century Swiss mathematician Leonhard Euler.


title: Saint David's Day

text: Everyone in the National Assembly for Wales voted to make St. David's Day a public holiday in 2000. A poll conducted for Saint David's Day in 2006 found that 87% of people in Wales wanted it to be a bank holiday, with 65% prepared to sacrifice a different bank holiday to ensure this. A petition in 2007 to make St. David's Day a bank holiday was rejected by the office of the British Prime Minister, Tony Blair.


title: Holland's schema theorem

text: A schema is a template that identifies a subset of strings with similarities at certain string positions. Schemata are a special case of cylinder sets, and hence form a topological space.


title: Commodity substitution bias

text: It occurs when a new item which costs less is purchased instead of an item that was already available. This problem occurs because the CPI ( Consumer Price Index) is calculated from a ""fixed basket"" of goods and services. The CPI ignores the substitution of the inexpensive item for the expensive item. So CPI says the price of the expensive item had increased.


title: Maureen O'Hara

text: O'Hara died in her sleep at her home in Boise, Idaho at the age of 95. She was buried next to her husband at Arlington National Cemetery.


title: Kerala lotteries

text: In 1967 all private lotteries were banned and the Government of Kerala started the Kerala State Lotteries. The idea behind the setup of the new department was from the then Finance Minister of the state, <nowiki></nowiki>P. K. Kunju Sahib<nowiki></nowiki>. The objectives of starting the programme were to provide employment to people and supplement government finance without disturbing the public.


title: Ninjago (TV series)

text: The series has been in continuous production for over ten years and celebrated its ten-year anniversary in January 2021. It began with two pilot episodes in January 2011, which were followed by two 13-episode seasons that aired from December 2011 to November 2012. Both the Lego theme and the series had an intended shelf life of three years with the second season planned as the original ending. However, the success of the series and its product line led to the show continuing production, with fourteen seasons and two specials being released as of May 2021. "Ninjago: Masters of Spinjitzu" was produced in Copenhagen, Denmark, by Wil Film ApS for its first ten seasons. The production was relocated to WildBrain Studios in Canada for the eleventh season and the series was retitled "Ninjago".


title: Kaiser Johnson

text: Johnson voiced various characters in both cartoons and video games either supporting roles or villain characters. He is German, Polish, Irish, and Cherokee descent. Johnson did saved a man's life once by performing the maneuver on him in a restaurant. He received three Kennedy Center Irene Ryan Acting nominations in college. He also holds a 2nd degree black belt in karate, and has trained in jiu-jitsu, muay thai, and weapons. He married voice actress Keeley Bright since November 2017.


title: Scotty Doesn't Know

text: In the movie, Donny (played by Matt Damon) sang this song at the graduation party. Matt Damon doesn't sing the song but his singing voice was done by the lead of Lustra. The song became an important part of the movie, where it became a famous club song at Bratislava and became a ringtone.


title: Blue Bunny Ice Cream

text: The favorited flavors of Blue Bunny ice cream is Bunny Tracks, Super Chunky Cookie Dough, Salted Caramel Craze, Peanut Butter Fudge, and Chocolate Brownie.


title: American Ornithologists' Union

text: The South American Classification Committee (SACC) is a committee under the AOU. It deals with creating a standard classification, with English names. This is for the bird species of South America.


title: Saint David's Day

text: Parades are held in Wales on St. David's Day. The largest parade is held in Cardiff. It is formally attended by either the British Monarch or the Prince of Wales. Parades are a mixture of folklore and military parade. On 1 March 2010, the seventh National St. David's Day Parade took place in Cardiff city centre. Celebrations included concerts, a parade and a food festival featuring all Welsh produce.


title: Holland's schema theorem

text: Consider binary strings of length 6. The schema codice_1 describes the set of all strings of length 6 with 1's at positions 1, 3 and 6 and a 0 at position 4. The * is a wildcard symbol, which means that positions 2 and 5 can have a value of either 1 or 0. The "order of a schema" formula_1 is defined as the number of fixed positions in the template, while the "defining length" formula_2 is the distance between the first and last specific positions. The order of codice_1 is 4 and its defining length is 5. The "fitness of a schema" is the average fitness of all strings matching the schema. The fitness of a string is a measure of the value of the encoded problem solution, as computed by a problem-specific evaluation function. Using the established methods and genetic operators of genetic algorithms, the schema theorem states that short, low-order schemata with above-average fitness increase exponentially in successive generations. Expressed as an equation:


title: Kerala lotteries

text: The department soon became a model for other states in India. Soon many other states jumped into the bandwagon by starting their own lotteries.


title: Ninjago (TV series)

text: In Denmark, where the series' original production companies are located, it premiered on Nickelodeon. It airs on various Nickelodeon networks internationally and on Cartoon Network in the United States, United Kingdom and Poland. In Latin America, the series is broadcast on Disney XD Latin America. In Canada, the series is broadcast on Teletoon and YTV.


title: Scotty Doesn't Know

text: The song was put on a loop in Scott Morrison's website by a hacker in October 2018 to criticize Morrison's actions.


title: Holland's schema theorem

text: Here formula_4 is the number of strings belonging to schema formula_5 at generation formula_6, formula_7 is the "observed" average fitness of schema formula_5 and formula_9 is the "observed" average fitness at generation formula_6. The probability of disruption formula_11 is the probability that crossover or mutation will destroy the schema formula_5. It can be expressed as:


title: Kerala lotteries

text: The department now has more than 500 employees under its Directorate located at Vikas Bhavan at Thiruvananthapuram, 14 District Offices, 21 sub lottery offices and a Regional Deputy Directorate at Ernakulam. There is also an office of Regional Deputy Director for Audit in Kozhikodu. The department which was initially under the Department of Finance was later brought under the Taxes Department.


title: Ninjago (TV series)

text: The show is largely set in the fictional realm of Ninjago, a place loosely inspired by East Asian myths and culture. While featuring historically designed buildings and traditional clothing, Ninjago exists in a modern setting centred around the large metropolis of Ninjago City, which features skyscrapers, current-age and futuristic vehicles, modern electronics, mechanical exo-suits (mechs), and other futuristic technology. The plot focuses on a group of six teenage ninja fighting against the forces of evil, who are also defined as "Elemental Masters", several characters who have elemental powers.


title: Holland's schema theorem

text: where formula_1 is the order of the schema, formula_15 is the length of the code, formula_16 is the probability of mutation and formula_17 is the probability of crossover. So a schema with a shorter defining length formula_2 is less likely to be disrupted.An often misunderstood point is why the Schema Theorem is an "inequality" rather than an equality. The answer is in fact simple: the Theorem neglects the small, yet non-zero, probability that a string belonging to the schema formula_5 will be created "from scratch" by mutation of a single string (or recombination of two strings) that did "not" belong to formula_5 in the previous generation.


title: Kerala lotteries

text: The Kerala State Lotteries include seven weekly lotteries in a week, a monthly draw each month and 6 Bumper Lotteries in a year.


title: Ninjago (TV series)

text: The series began with the ninja team being formed and trained by their ancient master Sensei Wu in the fictional martial art of "Spinjitzu", which is the main fighting method depicted in the show. The ninjas' base is a flying junk ship named "Destiny's Bounty", which has varied in design over the course of the series. The Pilot Episodes introduced the original four ninja characters named Kai, Cole, Jay, and Zane and Kai's sister Nya, while the central character Lloyd Garmadon was introduced in the first season, titled "Rise of the Snakes".


title: Holland's schema theorem

text: The schema theorem holds under the assumption of a genetic algorithm that maintains an infinitely large population, but does not always carry over to (finite) practice: due to sampling error in the initial population, genetic algorithms may converge on schemata that have no selective advantage. This happens in particular in multimodal optimization, where a function can have multiple peaks: the population may drift to prefer one of the peaks, ignoring the others.


title: Kerala lotteries

text: The Kerala Government is conducting the Kerala Lottery Result, The main lotteries that are conducted by the Kerala Government are the weekly lotteries: Akshaya, Sthree Sakthi, Karunya, Nirmal, Pournami, Win Win, Karunya Plus etc .these lottery draws will be held every once in a week. The ticket price for each Kerala Weekly Lottery will be specified in ticket that you will buy. The government is also offering a chance fro the particpants to get Bumper Grand prizes by luck conducting the six bumper lotteries, the name of the Kerala bumper lotteries are Kerala Monsoon Bumper Lottery, Thiruvonam Bumper Lottery, Pooja Bumper Lottery, Christmas & New Year Bumper Lottery, Vishu Bumper Lottery and Summer Bumper Lottery.


title: Holland's schema theorem

text: The reason that the Schema Theorem cannot explain the power of genetic algorithms is that it holds for all problem instances, and cannot distinguish between problems in which genetic algorithms perform poorly, and problems for which genetic algorithms perform well.


title: Kerala lotteries

text: The Kerala Lottery results will be published on public medias and online web sites. The Kerala lotteries department distributing and selling the Kerala Lottery tickets through the distribution network consisting of more than 35,000 agents and above 100,000 retailers


Institute of Political Studies in Belgrade is a leading academic institution in Belgrade, Serbia. It is for research of political science.


title: Institute of Political Studies in Belgrade

text: The institute was started in 1968. It developed out of the research unit of the High School of Political Science. It developed into a modern and independent scientific institution. After separating from the Faculty of Political Science in Belgrade, the Institute for Political Studies was given the status of independent scientific institution. It was given this status in 1978.


text: The institute does research work in the field of political science. It particularly deals with problems of national importance in Serbia. Beside the scientific work, the institute is for certain fields of education. It offers research services, such as political marketing, consulting services, research of public opinion, and media. One of the main activities of the institute is publishing. It produces monographs, magazines, journals and other publications. The institute's scientific projects are focused on the development of political science as a university subject. The institute carries out numerous projects in the fields of law, political systems, international relations, political economy, sociology and political theory.


title: Superman and Batman

text: Superman and Batman (also known as Batman and Superman) is a the fictional two superheroes characters, meet for the first time in debut 1939, from the DC Comics, all comics such as "Action Comics", "Superman", "Detective Comics", "Batman", "Batman and Robin" and "World's Finest Comics", created by Joe Shuster, Jerry Siegel, Bob Kane and Bill Finger, co-producers by Harry Donenfeld and Jack Liebowitz.


title: Superman and Batman

text: DC Comics the hero's journey characters including Superman and Batman, my sidekick as Robin, my best friends Lois Lane, Supergirl, Batgirl and many others, and locations Metropolis and Gotham City, and from the clutches of the evil Lex Luthor and the evil Joker, and all supervillains Catwoman, Mr. Mxyzpltk and others.