text: The sessions were held in secret. Reporters and spectators were not allowed. To those who already had suspicions, the secrecy of the proceedings only confirmed what they feared. There were even armed guards at the doors. Many of those present had already risked being hanged by the British as traitors during the revolution. Now they worried about what their states would think of abandoning the Articles of Confederation.


title: History of the United States Constitution

text: James Madison spent the winter of 1787 making a study of various confederations throughout history. He came to Philadelphia armed with a wealth of knowledge and an idea for what the United States government should be. His plan was presented to the Convention by Edmund Randolph, the Governor of Virginia. It became the broad outline of what would be a new government under the U.S. Constitution. His plan called for three branches of government with checks and balances to prevent any one branch from abusing their power. Madison's idea for a legislature had two houses. One would feature members elected by the people for a three year term. The other would have its members elected by the state legislatures and would serve for 7 years. Both would have the seats determined by the population of the country.


text: After debating the Virginia plan for two weeks, William Patterson presented his plan called variously, the New Jersey Plan, the Patterson Plan and the Small State Plan. It was very similar to the Articles of Confederation and featured a unicameral (one house) legislature. All states would have one vote. He had one idea that was kept; that state laws that ran counter to federal laws would be voided.


text: A third plan was offered by Alexander Hamilton. It was a copy of the British Constitution. It also was bicameral with an upper house and a legislature in which members served on their good behavior.


text: Finally they worked out a compromise between all three plans. The new government would have an upper house, having an equal number of delegates from each state, and a lower house with representation based on population. The executive branch would have most of the responsibilities of foreign affairs while other important powers, like ratifying treaties, would be the responsibility of the legislative branch. After the new Constitution was ratified by the states, it went into effect in 1789.


title: Heidelberg Tavern massacre

text: The Heidelberg Tavern massacre occurred in Observatory, Cape Town on 30 December 1993. Three people associated with the Azanian People's Liberation Army (APLA) entered the tavern and shot at the crowd. They killed four students and the owner of a restaurant which was close. The owner had gone outside to investigate, because he had heard gunshots. An unexploded bomb (with nails strapped to it) was found in the restaurant, close to the main entrance.


title: Heidelberg Tavern massacre

text: During the years of apartheid, Observatory was one of the few "de facto" "grey" suburbs where all races lived together. On the evening of 30 December 1993, three men entered a popular student venue on Station Road, called the Heidelberg Tavern and opened fire, killing four people and injuring five. The three APLA operatives - Humphrey Luyanda Gqomfa, Vuyisile Brian Madasi and Zola Prince Mabala - were convicted in November 1994 for what became known as the Heidelberg Massacre. On 16 July 1998, the Truth and Reconciliation Commission granted the three amnesty.


title: Annie's Song

text: "Annie's Song" is a song recorded and written by singer/songwriter John Denver. It was his second number one song in the USA, staying that place for two weeks in July 1974. It also went to number one in the UK.


title: Annie's Song

text: "Annie's Song" was written as an poem to Denver's then-wife, Annie Denver (Annie Martel) of Sleepy Eye, Minnesota.


title: Annie's Song

text: This song was written while Denver was riding a ski lift in Switzerland. He said, by the time he had finished the 10 minute ride, the song was finished. It also recall an image of hiking through a state park in nearby New Ulm, Minnesota, Denver might have become filled with wonder at the beauty around, and thinking about his wife.


title: Annie's Song

text: The song has since become a wedding standard and an expression of love for many people, due to its grand imagery and the fact it could appeal anyone (Annie is not mentioned by name in any part of the song).


title: Morrill Anti-Bigamy Act

text: The Morrill Anti-Bigamy Act (37th United States Congress, Sess. 2., ch. 126, ) was a federal law. A very Disputed subject in the 1860s The act banned men having more than one wife at the same time (bigamy). It also limited the amount of property that a church and non-profit could own in any territory of the United States to $50,000. Justin Smith Morrill of Vermont sponsored it. President Abraham Lincoln signed it on July 8, 1862.


title: Morrill Anti-Bigamy Act

text: The act wanted to stop the Mormon practice of plural marriage and the property dominance of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in the Utah Territory. The measure had no funds allocated for enforcement. Lincoln chose not to enforce this law. Instead, Lincoln gave Brigham Young tacit permission to ignore the Morrill Act in exchange for not becoming involved with the Civil War. General Patrick Edward Connor, commanding officer of the federal forces garrisoned at Fort Douglas, Utah beginning in 1862 was explicitly instructed not to confront the Mormons over this or any other issue.


title: Morrill Anti-Bigamy Act

text: In 1878 the Supreme Court ruled in "Reynolds v. United States" that religious duty was not a suitable defense for breaking this law. Many Mormons went into hiding.The Morrill Anti-Bigamy Act was amended in 1882 by the Edmunds Act, and then again in 1887 by the Edmunds–Tucker Act. By 1904, the LDS church disavowed bigamy.


title: Eartha Kitt

text: Eartha Kitt (January 17, 1927 – December 25, 2008) was an American singer and songwriter who had many hit songs. She was also an actress. Kitt died of colorectal cancer in Weston, Connecticut. She was the first musician to record the song "Santa Baby".


title: Eartha Kitt

text: Kitt was born on a cotton plantation in North, South Carolina. She lived there for the first 7 years of her life, but when she turned 8 years old her family moved to the Harlem neighborhood of New York City. While she lived in New York she attended the High School of Performing Arts. In 1943, while she was in New York, she started her career as part of the Katherine Dunham Company, a dance group founded by famous singer/dancer named Katherine Dunham. Along with Dunham, Eartha performed in Egypt, France, Greece, Turkey, New York, Las Vegas and Hollywood. She acted in the movie "Casbah" in 1948. It was her first role in a movie. In 1960 a star was put for her in the Hollywood Walk of Fame. In 2000 she did the voice of Yzma in "The Emperor's New Groove".


title: Eartha Kitt

text: Eartha Kitt was on Broadway a couple of times in plays like "New Faces" and "Timbuktu". She was also in many different movies, some of which are Synanon, The Mark of the Hawk, All by Myself and Accused. She made many different appearances on shows such as Colgate Comedy Hour, Batman, The Ed Sullivan Show, I Spy and Police Woman.


title: Eartha Kitt

text: In her later years Eartha Kitt wrote four different memoirs. The first was called "Thursday's Child", The second was called "Tart is Not a Sweet", the third was called "Alone With Me", The last one was called "I’m Still Here; Confessions of a Sex Kitten". Eartha Kitt died on Christmas Day, 2008 in Weston, Connecticut.


title: World Meteorological Organization

text: The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) is an international organization with a membership of 188 Member States and Territories. It was originally known as the International Meteorological Organization (IMO), which was founded in 1873.


title: World Meteorological Organization

text: In 1950, the United Nations created the WMO for meteorology (weather and climate), operational hydrology and related geophysical sciences. Its headquarters are in Geneva, Switzerland. The current president is Alexander Bedritsky and the current Secretary-General is Michel Jarraudwho were both elected by the 14th World Meteorological Congress in 2003.


title: Konstantin Stanislavski

text: Konstantin Sergeievich Stanislavski ("né" Alexeiev; ; 7 August 1938) was a seminal Russian theatre practitioner. He was widely known as an outstanding character actor and the many productions that he directed created a reputation as one of the leading theatre directors of his generation. His principal fame and influence, however, rests on his 'system' of actor training, preparation, and rehearsal technique.


title: Barbuda

text: Barbuda is an island in the eastern Caribbean, and forms part of the state of Antigua and Barbuda. It has a population of about 1,500, most of whom live in the town of Codrington.


title: Barbuda

text: Barbuda is located north of Antigua, in the middle of the Leeward Islands. To the south are the islands of Montserrat and Guadaloupe, and to the north and west are Nevis, St. Kitts, St. Barts, and St. Martin.


title: Ginseng

text: Ginseng refers to species within Panax, a genus of species of slow-growing perennial plants with fleshy roots, in the family Araliaceae. They grow in the Northern Hemisphere in eastern Asia (mostly northern China, Korea, and eastern Siberia), typically in cooler climates; "Panax vietnamensis", discovered in Vietnam, is the southernmost ginseng found.


title: Masculinity

text: Masculinity (also called manhood or manliness) is a set of attributes, behaviors, and roles associated with men and boys. There is evidence that some behaviors considered masculine are influenced by both cultural and biological factors. It is distinct from the definition of the biological male sex, as both males and females can exhibit masculine traits. Standards of masculinity vary across different cultures and historical periods.


title: Sundance Film Festival

text: The Sundance Film Festival is an American movie festival that takes place every year in Utah. It is one of the largest independent movie festivals in the United States.


title: Sundance Film Festival

text: The festival is held in January in Park City, Salt Lake City, Ogden, and at the Sundance Resort. It is an event for new work from American and international independent movie makers. The festival has competition for American and international drama and documentary movies, feature films and short films.


title: Sundance Film Festival

text: The 2015 Sundance Film Festival took place January 22 to February 1, 2015. "What Happened, Miss Simone?", a documentary about American singer Nina Simone, opened the festival. A comedy-drama movie, "Grandma", was the closing night movie. It stars Lily Tomlin.


title: Sundance Film Festival

text: Many notable independent movie makers first got noticed at Sundance, including Kevin Smith, Robert Rodriguez, Quentin Tarantino, Todd Field, David O. Russell, Steve James, Steven Soderbergh, Darren Aronofsky, James Wan, Edward Burns, and Jim Jarmusch.


title: Sundance Film Festival

text: The festival has also given more attention and a larger audience to such movies as "Saw", "Super Troopers", "The Blair Witch Project", "Spanking the Monkey", "Reservoir Dogs", "Primer", "Little Miss Sunshine", "Clerks", "Sex, Lies, and Videotape", "The Brothers McMullen", "Afternoon Delight", "Napoleon Dynamite", and "Whiplash".


title: Unai Emery

text: Unai Emery Etxegoien (; born 3 November 1971) is a Spanish football manager and former player. He currently is the manager of Premier League club Aston Villa.


title: Durrani Empire

text: The Durrani Empire (known as the Afghan Empire) was established in 1747 by Ahmad Shah Durrani at Kandahar, Afghanistan. It included the land that is now called Afghanistan, Pakistan, eastern Iran and western India. The Durrani Empire is considered the foundation of the modern state of Afghanistan, with Ahmad Shah Durrani (Ahmad Shah Baba) being the "Father of the nation".


title: National University of Singapore

text: The National University of Singapore (NUS) is a national research university in Singapore. It is known as one of the best universities in Asia.


title: Durrani Empire

text: The Durrani dynasty diminished in the early 19th century when Afghanistan was fighting defensive wars with Persia on one side and British India on the other side. The Barakzai dynasty took over control of the kingdom but lost many of Afghanistan's territories by the end of the 19th century. It became to what is now Afghanistan after the Anglo-Afghan Treaty of 1919 when the state became officially recognized by all the major countries in the world. At first its capital was in Kandahar as that is where the empire started however the capital then shifted to Kabul after its conquest. The empire had two capitals, the main capital Kabul and the winter capital, Peshawar.


title: National University of Singapore

text: NUS High School is a scientific high school affiliated to the NUS. The university also include schools for computing, dentistry, engineering, medicine and many other areas.


title: Alfred Binet

text: Alfred Binet (; 8 July 1857 – 18 October 1911) was a French psychologist who invented the first practical IQ test. This is called the Binet–Simon test.


title: Wilhelm Marx

text: Wilhelm Marx (15 January 1863 – 5 August 1946) was a German lawyer and politician. He was the chancellor of Germany twice, from 1923 to 1925 and again from 1926 to 1928, as a member of the Centre Party. Marx also served as the minister-president of Prussia in 1925, during the Weimar Republic.


title: Alfred Binet

text: In 1905, the French Ministry of Education asked psychologist Alfred Binet to find which students did not learn effectively from regular classroom instruction. They could be given remedial work. With his collaborator Théodore Simon, Binet published revisions of his test in 1908 and 1911, the last of which appeared just before his death.


title: Alfred Binet

text: In 1984, the journal "Science" 84 picked the Binet-Simon scale as one of twenty of the century's most significant developments or discoveries.


title: Jats

text: Jaat is a community of traditionally non elite peasants in northern India and Pakistan. There Ancestors are the Aryan and Scythians who came to North India. The 4 Main Y-DNA Haplogroups of Jat Men are L, R, Q and J. It is also said the Jats are Ancestors of Roma people, because some Roma Men share R and J Y-DNA too who traces back to the Jats.


title: Jats

text: Jats had its origins in Pastoralism in the lower Indus valley of Sindh until they were forced northwards due to the Islamic conquests.


title: Jats

text: Many Jat people serve in the Indian Army, including the Jat Regiment, Sikh Regiment, Rajputana Rifles and the Grenadiers, where they have won many of the highest military awards for gallantry and bravery. Jat people also serve in the Pakistan Army especially in the Punjab Regiment.


title: Jats

text: Jaats Muslim inhabited throughout the Punjab region and Sindh in Pakistan, while Jats Hindus and Sikhs live in some other northwestern parts of the Indian Subcontinent.


title: Kristin Davis

text: Kristin Landen Davis (also listed as Kristin Lee Davis; born February 24, 1965) is an American actress.


title: Alex Albon

text: Alexander Albon Ansusinha (, born 23 March 1996) is a Thai-British racing driver. He competes in Formula One for Williams Racing. Albon raced in Formula One for Scuderia Toro Rosso and Red Bull Racing and in DTM for AF Corse.


title: Kristin Davis

text: She first rose to fame for playing the role of Brooke Armstrong on "Melrose Place" (1995-1996) and went on to achieve greater success as Charlotte York Goldenblatt on HBO's "Sex and the City" (1998-2004). For her role on "Sex and the City", she received an Emmy Award nomination in 2004.


title: Alex Albon

text: In September 2022, Albon was hospitalized and recovered from respiratory failure caused by appendicitis-related surgery.


title: Kristin Davis

text: Her movies include "Deck the Halls" (2006), "" (2008), "Couples Retreat" (2009). and "Sex and the City 2" (2010).


title: James Patterson

text: His works are the "Alex Cross", "Michael Bennett", "Women's Murder Club", "Maximum Ride", "Daniel X", "NYPD Red", "Witch and Wizard", "Private" series, the "Middle School" series, the "Jacky Ha-Ha" series, the "Jacky Ha-ha Graphic Novel" series, the "Treasure Hunters" series, the "Max Einstein series, and the "I Funny" series, as well as many stand-alone thrillers, non-fiction and romance novels. Some other book series that he wrote are the "Sci-Fi Junior High" series, the "How to be a Supervillain" series, and the "House of Robots" series.


title: James Patterson

text: His books have sold more than 300 million copies and he was the first person to sell 1 million e-books. In 2016, Patterson topped "Forbes" list of highest-paid authors for the third consecutive year, with an income of $95 million.


title: James Patterson

text: His total income over a decade is about $700 million, making him the richest author in the world. He also has his own filming studio, which is called James Patterson Entertainment.


title: Herrerasaurus

text: Herrerasaurus was one of the earliest dinosaurs. All known fossils of this carnivore have been discovered in Upper Triassic strata dated to 231.4 million years ago (mya) in northwestern Argentina.


title: Herrerasaurus

text: It is a member of the Herrerasauridae, a family of similar genera that were among the earliest dinosaurs.


title: Herrerasaurus

text: "Herrerasaurus" was a lightly built bipedal carnivore with a long tail and a relatively small head. Its length is estimated at 3 to 6 meters (10 to 20 ft), and its hip height at more than 1.1 meters (3.3 ft). It may have weighed around 210–350 kilograms (463–772 lb).


title: Herrerasaurus

text: In a large specimen the skull measured 56 centimeters (1.8 ft) in length. Smaller specimens had skulls about 30 centimeters (1 ft) long.


title: Herrerasaurus

text: The tail, partially stiffened by overlapping vertebral projections, balanced the body and was also an adaptation for speed.


title: Herrerasaurus

text: The paleoenvironment of the Ischigualasto Formation (where it was found) was a volcanically active floodplain covered by forests with seasonal rainfall. The climate was moist and warm, with seasonal variations. The vegetation was ferns, horsetails, and giant conifers. These plants formed lowland forests along the banks of rivers. "Herrerasaurus" was the most common of the carnivores of the Ischigualasto Formation.


title: Herrerasaurus

text: "Herrerasaurus" lived in these jungles alongside a smaller dinosaur, the one metre long "Eoraptor". "Saurosuchus", a huge quadrupedal Archosaur was the biggest land predator at the time. There were also a number of therapsid and reptilian herbivores. The dinosaurs had not yet taken control of the land environments as they did later.


title: Handshake

text: A handshake is when two people hold hands for a few seconds and move them up and down before letting go. It is often used like a greeting (like saying "Hello, Hi" or "goodbye" when people meet) or to say that two people have agreed on something. Handshakes are also used between romantic partners.


title: Handshake

text: The action is ancient, and occurs (or occurred) in many cultures. There are, however, many slight differences. In some cultures, the handshake is firm, in others it is gentle. In some cultures the senior person leads the handshake. The length of time also varies between cultures. One thing is almost universal: hand shaking is done with bare hands.


title: Handshake

text: Another aspect is: do men shake hands with women? In the past, in many societies, they did not. Today, in western society, handshakes are allowed if the female offers her hand. It is not done between family members, when hugs and kisses are more usual.


title: Anheuser-Busch InBev

text: Anheuser-Busch InBev N.V. (abbreviated as AB InBev) is a Belgian-Brazilian multinational beverages company headquartered in Leuven, Belgium. It is the world's largest brewer.


title: Anheuser-Busch InBev

text: AB InBev has 14 brands. They make over 1 billion USD per year. International brands include Beck's, Corona, Budweiser, Stella Artois, and Brahma. Multi-country brands are Alexander Keith's, Leffe and Hoegaarden. Regional brands are Bud Light, Skol, Quilmes, Labatt Blue, Michelob, Harbin, Sedrin, Cass, Klinskoye, Sibirskaya Korona, Chernigivske and Jupiler.


title: Anheuser-Busch InBev

text: The company has around 116,000 people in over 30 countries. 45% of the company's sales come from North America. The company now reports its financial results in US Dollars.


title: Anheuser-Busch InBev

text: AB InBev has a primary listing on the Euronext Brussels stock exchange and is part of the BEL20 index. It has a secondary listing on the New York Stock Exchange.


title: Blood diamond

text: Blood diamonds, also known as conflict diamonds, are diamonds mined in a war zone and sold illegally to pay for anti-government fighting. There have been a trillion deaths over diamonds.


title: Blood diamond

text: Blood diamonds come from areas controlled by armed groups which are fighting against the government. These armed groups force civilians (mostly children) to mine diamonds. People who refuse to do this work may be raped, abused, or even murdered. The armed groups then sell the diamonds and use the money to buy weapons. Then they use these weapons to fight against the government.


title: Blood diamond

text: Diamonds mined during the 20th–21st century civil wars in Angola, Ivory Coast, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Guinea, and Guinea-Bissau have been called blood diamonds.


title: Blood diamond

text: The Kimberly Process Certification Scheme (KPCS) helps keep blood diamonds out of markets. Every KPCS-certified diamond has to be labeled with a specific government number. Eighty-one countries participate in the KPCS.


title: Chorale

text: A chorale (pronounce: "Ko-RAHL") is a hymn which is sung in a Lutheran church by all the people. Chorales developed during the late Renaissance and early Baroque period. Most of them were written at that time.


title: Chorale

text: Martin Luther thought that the congregation (people worshipping in church) should have music to sing that was not too difficult. He thought that the words should be in German instead of Latin so that everybody would understand what they were singing about. Luther wrote the words of many chorales himself. He even composed some of melodies himself, such as "Ein' feste Burg" ("A Mighty Fortress"). Sometimes he used the traditional Gregorian Chant melodies from the Catholic worship and added new German words to it, for example "Christ lag in Todesbanden" ("Christ lay in Death's Dark Bonds").


title: Chorale

text: The words of a chorale have a rhyming pattern. Most of the melodies have an AAB shape (the melody of the first part sung twice, then the second part). This shape is called "Bar form" in German.


title: Chorale

text: Johann Sebastian Bach used many chorale tunes, usually adding harmony of his own. He used these in his cantatas. Many of these chorales in four-part harmonies are sung as hymns today in German Protestant churches, and some of the tunes are used in English-speaking countries as well.


title: Chorale

text: Chorale tunes also appear in chorale preludes, pieces for the organ. These would usually have been played during the church services before the chorale was sung.


title: Chorale

text: Chorales were used by many later composers in their compositions, e.g. Felix Mendelssohn, Anton Bruckner and Max Reger.


title: Bo Burnham

text: Robert Pickering Burnham (born August 21, 1990) is an American comedian, singer, songwriter, musician, rapper, actor, director, screenwriter, and poet. He began his career as a YouTuber in March 2006.


title: Bo Burnham

text: Burnham signed a four-year record deal with Comedy Central Records and released his debut EP, "Bo Fo Sho", in 2008. His first full-length album, "Bo Burnham", was released the following year.


title: Bo Burnham

text: Burnham co-created and starred in the MTV television series "Zach Stone Is Gonna Be Famous" and released his first book of poetry, "Egghead: Or, You Can't Survive on Ideas Alone", in 2013. His first feature movie as writer and director, "Eighth Grade", was released in July 2018 to strong positive reviews.


title: Aston University

text: Aston University is a public university in the city centre of Birmingham, England. It received its royal charter from Queen Elizabeth II on 22 April 1966.


title: Joseph Quinn (actor)

text: Joseph Quinn (born 26 January 1994) is a British actor. He was born in London. He appeared on British television in "Dickensian" (2016), the miniseries "Howards End" (2017) and "Catherine the Great" (2019). He is best known for playing Eddie Munson in season 4 of the series "Stranger Things".


title: Aston University

text: Aston is famous for having a placement year as part of many of its undergraduate degree courses. It pioneered the integrated placement year concept from its start in 1966.


title: Aston University

text: In 1895, the Birmingham Municipal Technical School separated from the Institute. It taught chemistry, physics, metallurgy and electrical engineering.


title: Aston University

text: In 1911, commercial classes were introduced. By 1916, this had grown into an independent School of Commerce.


title: Aston University

text: In 1927, the school changed its name to the Birmingham Central Technical College. This was to reflect its changing approach to teaching technology.


title: Aston University

text: Work began on the Main Building at Gosta Green. Princess Margaret laid one of the first foundation stones at the base of the new building in 1951. The building is said to be one of Europe's largest freestanding brick buildings.


title: Aston University

text: The college expanded again to a design by the City Architect of Birmingham Alwyn Sheppard Fidler between 1957 and 1965.


title: Aston University

text: On 22 April 1966, it it was given its Royal Charter. It became the "University of Aston in Birmingham".


title: Aston University

text: The Charter of the University outlines its objectives. These are appropriate to a technological university:


title: Aston University

text: Due to the history of the institution, there is emphasis given to the sandwich course system and the maintenance of strong links with industry.


title: Aston University

text: In 1983, Aston University, Birmingham City Council, and Lloyds Bank, established Birmingham Technology Ltd.. This company manages the Aston Science Park. The science park is next to the university site. In 1984, the area was granted its own postal address "The Aston Triangle". This made the campus an official district of Birmingham. The logo of the establishment takes from the shape of the area.


title: Aston University

text: In September 2010, Aston University hosted the British Science Festival. This is one of Europe's largest public science events.


title: Aston University

text: The university is a lead sponsor of Aston University Engineering Academy. This university technical college (UTC) opened in September 2012. The UTC is for students aged 14 to 19 wishing to study and have a career in engineering. It is located at the edge of the Aston University campus.


title: Aston University

text: In October 2014, the University announced a £35 million cash injection for a major upgrade of the campus. This included a new £19 million revamp of Aston Business School and improvement work to the Aston Institute of Photonic Technologies and the School of Languages and Social Sciences.


title: Aston University

text: In October 2015, Aston launched the Aston Medical School. This was for postgraduate research students. In September 2018 the first Bachelor of Medicine MBChB course started. The course takes five years.


title: Aston University

text: In February 2017, the University launched its online programme website. Four MSc programmes are offered 100% online to students in the UK and worldwide. It also offers the Aston Business School's MBA.


title: Aston University

text: In July 2017, Aston became the first University in the UK to award degree apprenticeship graduates. Aston began working in close partnership with Capgemini, to create the first degree apprenticeship: "Digital and Technology Solutions" in 2012.


title: Aston University

text: The university sits on a 40-acre campus at Gosta Green, in the city centre of Birmingham, England. The campus has accommodation for over 3000 students. It has sports facilities, a library, cafés, restaurants, pubs, shops, travel centre, hairdresser, health centre, dentist, places of worship, opticians, a bank, automated teller machines and outside leisure space.


title: Aston University

text: Aston University Library is on four floors. It contains over 250,000 books and 800 current printed periodicals. It has over 700 reader places. It provides online access over 3,400 electronic journals. The Library is open 24 hours a day to Aston students and staff during exam time,and 12 hours a day during term time.


title: Aston University

text: Around the campus there are open-access IT suites. They offer computer and internet access 24 hours a day. They offer access to software packages, database systems and computer-aided learning materials.


title: Aston University

text: Aston University sports facilities include a 25m swimming pool, sauna and steam room, two sports halls, a gym, weights and fitness rooms, and a two storey dance studio. It has 35 sports clubs. The campus also has two floodlit sports pitches. Many of the University clubs train and compete in the British Universities and Colleges Sports (BUCS) Leagues. Away from the campus, the University manages a 40-acre sports ground with floodlit pitches and a pavilion for all outdoor sports.


title: Aston University

text: All of the Aston University's faculties are based on one campus. They are organised into the following five schools:


title: Aston University

text: The university's arms were granted on 18 March 1955 by Garter, Clarenceux and Norroy and Ulster Kings of Arms to the Birmingham Corporation. This was for use by the former College of Technology. They were designed to show the College's connection with the City and with the teaching of technology. The arms consist of a shield and crest.


title: Aston University

text: The shield has two sections – the field (the main background) and a chief (the broad band across the top of the shield). The field is


title: Aston University

text: coloured blue. The chief is coloured silver. On the field is a diagonal line of five gold diamonds joined one to the other. This is similar to the first quarter of the Arms of the City of Birmingham. It is incorporated in the Arms of the College to show its connection to the City. On the chief is depicted an open book bound in red placed between two black hammers. This shows the connection of the University with technology. The book represents learning. The hammers represent engineering and allied trades.


title: Aston University

text: The crest is designed to stress the pursuit of knowledge. It consists of a red torch held erect by a forearm between two branches of gold laurel. Originally it would have been worn on the helmet of a fully armed person. The crest is always placed on the top of the helm. The method of joining the crest to the helm was usually concealed by decoration. In the University's arms this is done by the use of a wreath and a crown. The wreath is silver, red, and black. These colours being taken from the shield. On top is a mural crown (resembling a wall). This is reserved in modern grants for persons and organisations connected with public corporations. The cloth mantling hangs down from the top of the helm. This represents the cloak which was originally worn to protect the armour. It is coloured blue and gold. These being the two principal colours of the shield.


title: Aston University

text: In 2016, Her Majesty's College of Arms granted the favour of supporters to Aston University's arms. This marked the 50th anniversary of the University. Professor Julia King, the Baroness Brown of Cambridge, the Vice-Chancellor, had made the request.


title: Aston University

text: The Letters Patent was formally presented to Aston University by the York Herald, Michael Peter Desmond O'Donoghue Esq.. This was made in a service at St Phillips Cathedral, Birmingham, on 29th September 2016.


title: Aston University

text: The arms are supported by a Canada goose and a red squirrel. The Canada goose is a symbol. It represents the family of geese living on the University campus. The squirrel is the crest of the arms of Aston Manor. This is a rebus. (The picture is a pun on the persons name. The owners of Aston Manor were the Holte family and a squirrel's nest is called a holt). This explains the ancient connection between the squirrel and Aston. The animal also appears on the University mace. It also appears on the Chancellor's chain of office. This chain was originally the property of the Mayor of Aston Manor.


title: Aston University

text: The gorse around the animals' necks is a reference to Gosta Green. It was known as "Gostie" Green during the 18th century. This combined the name of the landowner (William de Gorsty) with the local plant called 'gorse'


title: Aston University

text: In the 2008 Research Assessment Exercise, Aston University was ranked in the top 12 in the UK in all four of its broad subject areas. Of the research undertaken, 86% was described as 'internationally significant'. 88% of Aston academic staff were submitted for research assessment. This is one of the highest proportions in the UK. According to the Research Assessment Exercise, the university's strengths include Business and Management, General Engineering, subjects allied to Medicine (Optometry, Biology, Pharmacy and Psychology), Languages and European Studies.


title: Aston University

text: In the 2012 QS World University Rankings, graduate employers ranked Aston University 51st for graduate employability. Aston was ranked in the top ten of all UK universities for its graduate employment record.


title: Aston University

text: In 2012, Aston University was responsible for educating 2.3 per cent of the UK's millionaires. This placed Aston at number 8 in the UK.


title: Aston University

text: For 2018, it was put in the top 55 universities in the UK. It was ranked 18th for student experience in the Sunday Times Good University Guide.<ref name = "Aston University key facts 2017/2018"></ref>


title: Aston University

text: Founded in 1947, Aston Business School (ABS) is one of the largest and oldest business schools in the UK.


title: Aston University

text: The school's most recent Research Assessment Exercise was in 2008. All research areas submitted ranked in the top 12 in the UK. 45% of the research submitted was judged to be "excellent" or "world-leading".


title: Aston University

text: In 2012, the business school's Masters Management course was ranked by the "Financial Times" as 36th in the world.


title: Aston University

text: In 2014, Aston was 2nd in the UK for developing marketing professionals, 7th for finance professionals,23rd for accounting professionals. This was based on the career outcome data of more than 313 million LinkedIn members.


title: Aston University

text: In 2019, Aston is in the top 1% of Business Schools Worldwide with Triple Accreditation (AMBA, AACSB and EQUIS). It is in the World Top 100 Universities for Business and Management Studies (QS Ranking 2019).


title: Aston University

text: Aston Students' Union (SU) used to be called Aston "Guild" of Students. It is a non-profit independent charity. It was set up to represent and support its members. Most members are current students at Aston University. The SU operates a number of commercial and non-commercial services. These include; the Advice & Representation Centre (ARC), the Aston Athletic Union, the Aston Societies Federation, the SU Shop, Copyshop and B4 Bar. The Aston Athletic Union supports the university sports clubs. The Aston Societies Federation supports non-sporting societies.


title: Aston University

text: The SU is funded by grant income from Aston University. This is added to by funds raised by the SU's commercial services. The SU is led by a Trustee Board of elected students and external trustees. Day-to-day management is by a team of permanent staff and the Executive Committee. The Executive Committeeby is an elected student team.


title: Aston University

text: On 29 November 2006, the students voted to disaffiliate the Guild (now Union) from the National Union of Students. On 26 November 2014, they voted to re-affiliate.


title: Aston University

text: In the 1970s, three tower blocks containing student accommodation were constructed on Aston University campus. They were named Dalton, Lawrence and Stafford Towers. In August 1999, the Lakeside complex added further student accommodation on to the campus.


title: Aston University

text: In April 2007, Aston University submitted a planning application for demolition of the three 1970s towers. They were to be replaced by new student accommodation blocks, apartments for tutors, retail units and administrative offices.


title: Aston University

text: On 27 April 2014, Stafford Tower, Gem Sports Centre and Lakeside Conference Centre were demolished. This made way for a new entrance to Aston University and a five-acre green space. The new landscaped area includes a walkway into the university from the city centre. It also contains a pavilion for teaching. The pavillion is also used as a catering facility for outdoor events. The new buildings are named the William Murdoch, the James Watt, the Harriet Martineau and the Mary Sturge Residences.


title: Paraves

text: Paraves is a branch-based clade containing birds (clade Aves) and other closely related dinosaurs. The paravians include the Avialae, such as "Archaeopteryx", and the Deinonychosauria, which includes the dromaeosaurids and troodontids.


title: Paraves

text: The name Paraves was coined by Paul Sereno in 1997. The clade was defined by Sereno in 1998 as a branch-based clade containing all Maniraptora closer to modern birds than to "Oviraptor".


title: Paraves

text: The work of Xu and colleagues provide examples of basal and early paravians with four wings, including members of the Avialae ("Pedopenna"), Dromaeosauridae ("Microraptor"), and Troodontidae ("Anchiornis").


title: Gap year

text: A gap year is time taken between completing secondary school and going to a university or college or also between college and graduate school or a profession. It is generally a practice of young people from Australia, Poland, Scandinavia, United Kingdom and United States. The time between the two events is often, but not always, a year. It is often used to travel or to gain experience with an internship at the lowest cost possible.


title: Pawan Kalyan

text: Konidela Kalyan Babu, professionally known as Pawan Kalyan, is an Indian actor, film producer, director and screenwriter who mainly appears in Telugu film industry. Kalyan made his career debut with the telugu film "Akkada Ammayi Ikkada Abbayi" (1996) and starred in "Tholi Prema" (1998), for which won the National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Telugu of the year. He has also known for his leading role in many successfully commercial films including "Gokulamlo Seeta" (1997), "Suswagatham" (1998), "Thammudu" (1999), "Badri" (2000), "Kushi" (2001), "Jalsa" (2008), "Gabbar Singh" (2012), "Attarintiki Daredi" (2013) and "Gopala Gopala" (2015),"Vakeel Saab" (2021).


title: Edward Abbey

text: Edward Paul Abbey (January 29, 1927 – March 14, 1989) was an American nature writer. He is known for books including Desert Solitaire, Black Sun, The Journey Home, The Fool's Progress, and Hayduke Lives.


title: Dudh Kosi

text: Dudh Kosi (दुधकोशी नदी, "Milk-Kosi River") is a river that flows from north to south in eastern Nepal. It is one of the rivers that joins to form Kosi River. The name 'Dudh Kosi' comes from Nepali word 'Dudh' which means milk, and 'kosi' which means river.


title: Edward Abbey

text: He was born in the state of Pennsylvania in the United States in 1927. He grew up in Pennsylvania, in a small town in the mountains near the city of Pittsburgh. He later moved to the American Southwest and wrote several books. He spent most of his adult life in the states of New Mexico, Arizona, and Utah. Most of his books are about the Southwest.


title: Edward Abbey

text: During World War II, he was in high school. He took a trip hitchhiking to see the American West. During his trip through Arizona and New Mexico, he fell in love with the Southwest. He enlisted near the end of World War II and was stationed in Italy as a military policeman. When he came back to the United States, he moved to New Mexico and got a college degree. Then he started writing books.


title: Edward Abbey

text: Abbey's first book was titled "Jonathan Troy". It did not sell well and Abbey did not like it very much, and it was taken out of print. His second book was "The Brave Cowboy". This book sold better and made him known as a writer of western fiction. It was also made into a movie called "Lonely are the Brave". "Fire on the Mountain" was his third book. "The Brave Cowboy" and "Fire on the Mountain" are about cowboys who loved the old American West and did not like it becoming modernized.


title: Edward Abbey

text: He moved to New Jersey for a short time but did not like it, and moved back to the Southwest. He took a job as a park ranger in Utah. He wrote about his job as a park ranger in his fourth book, "Desert Solitaire". "Desert Solitaire" became a bestseller and made him a popular nature writer. He also took other jobs in the Southwest. He worked as a fire lookout at the Grand Canyon in Arizona, and as a park ranger in other National Parks.


title: Edward Abbey

text: After "Desert Solitaire" became a bestseller, he wrote several books of nature essays. Some of these include "The Journey Home", "Abbey's Road", "Down the River", "Beyond the Wall", and "One Life At a Time, Please". He also kept writing novels. His next novel was "Black Sun", which is about a fire lookout at the Grand Canyon falling in love but then seeing his girlfriend disappear. His next novel after that was "The Monkey Wrench Gang". This was his most controversial novel because it was about four people using sabotage to stop development in the Southwest. He also wrote a science fiction novel called "Good News".


title: Edward Abbey

text: His last two novels were "The Fool's Progress" and "Hayduke Lives". "The Fool's Progress" is a long novel that is based on Edward Abbey's own life. "Hayduke Lives" is a sequel to "The Monkey Wrench Gang".


title: Wild Turkey (bourbon)

text: Wild Turkey is an American brand of Kentucky straight bourbon whiskey. Wild Turkey is bottled and distilled by Campari Group's Austin Nichols division.


title: 2004 Sri Lanka tsunami train wreck

text: The 2004 Sri Lanka tsunami train wreck was the largest single rail disaster in history (by death toll). It was caused by the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami.


title: Wild Turkey (bourbon)

text: The first distillery was created in Tyrone, Kentucky by the Ripy brothers in 1869. In 1905, the Ripy Brothers Distillery was opened by the sons of T.B. Ripy. They started distilling again after Prohibition ended. In 1940, the 'Wild Turkey' brand name was created when Thomas MCarthey, a distillery executive, took a some of the bourbon on his Wild Turkey hunting trip.


title: 2004 Sri Lanka tsunami train wreck

text: Train #50, the "Matara Express," also known as the "Queen of the Sea" line, was a regular train between the Sri Lankan capital Colombo and Matara. The train, overcrowded with 1800+ passengers, left Colombo on 26 December 2004.


title: 2004 Sri Lanka tsunami train wreck

text: At 9:30 am in the village of Peraliya, the beach saw the gigantic waves arriving towards. The first wave flooded the carriages and caused panic among the passengers. The next wave arrived after 10 minutes. It was huge and washed away the train and smashed it against trees and houses which were nearby.


title: 2004 Sri Lanka tsunami train wreck

text: The huge waves of tsunami had destroyed the train and only 150 passengers out of 1800+ survived. About 1700 were reported dead, even though only 900 bodies were recovered. The Sri Lankan authorities do not know where the train was washed to. After 4 pm, Prime Minister Mahinda Rajapaksa's helicopter identified it. Even though rescue operations was held not more than 150 people survived and the village was also washed away by the deadly waves.


title: Prime Minister of Sri Lanka

text: The Prime Minister of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka ( ; ) is the most senior member of parliament in the cabinet of ministers in Sri Lanka. They are in charge for their policies and actions to parliament. The President is both head of state and head of government in Sri Lanka. Since 1978, most prime ministers have served as mere deputies to the executive presidency, while at times served as the "de-facto" head of government.


title: Prime Minister of Sri Lanka

text: The most recent death of a former Prime Minister was that of D. M. Jayaratne (2010–2015) on 18 November 2019, aged 88.


title: Religion in Canada

text: Religion in Canada covers a wide range of beliefs. Most Canadians (67%) are Christians. Of that group Roman Catholics make up 34% of the population. Protestants make up about 27% of Canada's population. As of 2011 23.9% of Canadians reported they practiced no particular religion. Islam makes up the next largest religion with 3.2% of the population. Canada has no official religion. The Charter of Rights and Freedoms allows Canadians to practice any religion they wish to.


title: Truist Park

text: Truist Park, originally known as SunTrust Park, is a baseball stadium in a section of Cobb County, Georgia that has an Atlanta mailing address. It is the home of the Atlanta Braves of Major League Baseball (MLB).


title: Box truck

text: A box truck, also known as a box van, cube truck, cube van, is a truck or van with a cuboid-shaped box on the back. Also categorized as medium-sized trucks. Examples of box tracks: Isuzu NPR, Ford F-750, Chevrolet Silverado 3500HD and others. They have higher fuel efficiency and overall lower maintenance cost compared to heavy trucks.


title: Religion in Canada

text: About 20% of Canadians were born somewhere else. immigrants have had an effect on Canada's changing religious makeup. Minority religions in Canada are growing in numbers. These include Islam, Hinduism, Sikhism, Buddhism, Judaism and Eastern Orthodox Christians. The first synagogue in Canada was built in Montreal in 1768. The first Canadian mosque was built in Edmonton in 1938.


title: Truist Park

text: During the stadium's planning process, it was named SunTrust Park when the Braves reached a naming agreement with the Atlanta-based SunTrust banking company. In February 2019, SunTrust merged with another banking company, BB&T, and the new company renamed itself Truist. However, the ballpark kept the SunTrust name through the 2019 season. The new name of Truist Park became official on January 14, 2020.


title: Kyler Murray

text: The first round pick of the NFL draft, Kyler Murray was selected by the Arizona Cardinals. He played in Oklahoma. He won the Heisman Trophy in 2018, which is an award for the most outstanding college football player in the United States.


title: Film4

text: Film4 is a British freeview television channel. Channel Four Television Corporation owns the channel. It started broadcasting on 1 November 1998. The standard-definition channel is available as a freeview network and the high-definition channel requires payment to watch.


title: Feliciano Belmonte Jr.

text: Fernando Feliciano "Sonny" Racimo Belmonte Jr. (born October 2, 1936) is a member of the House of Representatives of the Philippines representing the Fourth District of Quezon City. He is also the Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Philippines from 2010 to 2016. He served as the Mayor of Quezon City from 2001 to 2010.


title: A Change of Seasons (movie)

text: A Change of Seasons is a 1980 comedy drama movie starring Anthony Hopkins, Shirley MacLaine, Bo Derek, Mary Beth Hurt and Michael Brandon. It was directed by Stephen Frears and written by Erich Segal and was nominated for three Razzies at the 1st Golden Raspberry Awards in 1981. The movie is rated R18 in New Zealand.


title: Feliciano Belmonte Jr.

text: Belmonte was a member of the Manila Jaycees, the Rotary Club of Manila and the Knights of Rizal. He was also Junior Chamber International World President in 1976.


title: Gwynne Gilford

text: Gloria Gwynne Gilford (born July 27, 1946) is a retired American actress and psychotherapist. She appeared in several television series in the 1970s and 1980s, including "A New Kind of Family", "The Young Lawyers" and "The Waverly Wonders", and had roles in the movies "Beware! The Blob" (1972), "Satan's School for Girls" (1973), "Fade to Black" (1980) and "Masters of the Universe" (1987).


title: Munier Choudhury

text: Abu Nayeem Mohammad Munier Choudhury (27 November 1925 - 14 December 1971) was a Bangladeshi playwright, literary critic and political activist. His notable dramas are "Kabar" (The Grave), "Roktakto Prantor" (Bloody Field), Chithi (Letter). He was awarded Bangla Academy Literary Award for his contribution in dramas in 1962.


title: Gwynne Gilford

text: She is married to actor Robert Pine. They are the parents of the actor Chris Pine and Katherine Pine.


title: Munier Choudhury

text: He was killed as an intellectual during the mass killing of Bengali intellectuals in 1971. He was awarded the highest civilian award given by the Government of Bangladesh, Independence Day Award, in 1980 posthumously.


title: Munier Choudhury

text: When Choudhury was in prison during 1952-54, he wrote his symbolic drama, "Kabar" (The Grave). This was a translation of Irwin Shaw's drama "Bury the Dead". After release from prison, he continued to write "Roktakto Prantor" (1959; a play about the Third Battle of Panipat), "Chithi" (1966) and "Polashi Barrack O Onyanno" (1969). In 1965, Choudhury redesigned the keyboard of the Bangla typewriter. This typewriter was named after him as "Munier Optima Keyboard". It was designed in collaboration with Remington typewriters of the then East Germany.


title: Munier Choudhury

text: In 1971, when Pakistani army attacked in the University of Dhaka area, Choudhury escaped from there and moved to his parents' house, near Hatirpool. On 14 December 1971, he, along with a large number of Bengali intellectuals, educators, doctors and engineers, were kidnapped from their houses and later tortured and killed by the Pakistan Army and its Bengali collaborators Al-Badr and Al-Shams. According to a witness, Choudhury was last seen in Government Physical Education College, Dhaka in Mohammadpur Thana, Dhaka where his fingers were mutilated. His dead body was not found.


title: David Owen Brooks

text: David Owen Brooks (February 12, 1955 – May 28, 2020) was an American convicted murderer. Working with serial killer Dean Corll, who, along with Elmer Wayne Henley Jr., abducted, raped, tortured, and murdered at least 28 boys and young men in a series of killings from 1970 to 1973 in Houston, Texas.


title: David Owen Brooks

text: Many of the victims had been friends of Brooks and Henley. At the time of their discovery, the Houston Mass Murders were seen as the worst example of serial murder in American history.


title: David Owen Brooks

text: In the years since his 1975 conviction, Brooks was repeatedly denied parole (most lately in 2018). He was next eligible for parole in 2028.


title: David Owen Brooks

text: Brooks died of COVID-19 on May 28, 2020 in a Galveston, Texas hospital while serving out his life sentence. He was 65.


title: Sikkimese people

text: Sikkimese people live in the Indian province of Sikkim. The native Sikkimese consist of the Lepcha and Limbu people; they migrated from Tibet. They also include the Bhutias. These are descendants of Buddhists who arrived from Nepal in 15th century; they migrated from the Kham district of Tibet in the 14th century.


title: Tiwana

text: The Tiwana are a Punjabi Jatt and Rajput clan from the Punjab region of India and Pakistan. The Tiwanas in Indian Punjab are mostly Sikhs, while the Tiwanas of Pakistani Punjab are almost all Muslims.


title: Cuckolding

text: Cuckolding is a sexual fetish in which an individual gets turned on by their partner having sexual acts with someone else. This should be not be confused with compersion, which refers to when someone experiences joy associated with seeing one's partner have a sexual or romantic relation with another. It’s closely related to BDSM, including humiliation. The term cuckold usually means a man who was cheated on by his wife without knowing.


title: Tiwana

text: The best-known member of this clan was late Malik Sir Khizar Hayat Tiwana who for some time remained Premier of the Punjab in British India, following Sir Sikandar Hayat Khan's demise.


title: Most Haunted

text: Most Haunted is a British paranormal television program based on investigating possible paranormal activity. It is shown on the satellite and cable channels Living, Living2 and Virgin 1 (Formerly Ftn), mainly for the UK market. It is also shown in the United States on the Travel Channel and on the W Channel in Australia. It is made by Antix Productions, and is led by Yvette Fielding and her husband Karl Beattie.


title: 2022 United States infant formula shortage

text: In 2022, the United States had a major shortage of infant formula as a result of the 2021–2022 global supply chain crisis. It was also caused by a large scale product recall.


title: Most Haunted

text: The team travel around the UK, and also Ireland, the Netherlands and the United States, investigating possible paranormal 'hotspots' for 24 hours.


text: As of May 14, nationwide out-of-stock rates were reported to be 43%, up from 31% two weeks before, with normal out-of-stock rate being 10%.


title: Most Haunted

text: Most Haunted has a main presenter, a psychic medium and a parapsychologist. The parapsychologist's role is to be the skeptic, and to give possible scientifical suggestions for the paranormal activity that happens during the night. These are supported by some of the production crew, who appear in the show and generally have some involvement with many parts of the investigation as they are performing their normal crew role. Most of these on-screen crew members also take part in séances.


text: In many places, store shelves are empty. Delaware, Kansas, and Tennessee were the most hard-hit states.


title: Most Haunted

text: The show has also featured guest mediums. So far these have been Ian Lawman, Ian Shillito, Gordon Smith, Uri Geller and Kevin Wade. Some episodes have also included at least one celebrity. So far celebrities have included Vic Reeves, Nancy Sorrell, Gaby Roslin, Scott Mills, Mark Chapman, Simon Gregson, Sue Cleaver, Carol Thatcher, Paul O'Grady and Lee Ryan.


text: As of mid-May, manufacturers and retailers expected a months-long delay before formula stocks would be fully restored.


title: Most Haunted

text: The following is a list of former team and crew members who have given a lot of their time to the show.


title: Most Haunted

text: Many times, former "psychic medium" Derek Acorah was possessed by a spirit, sometimes evil or sometimes "lost and confused". One such case that exposed Acorah was at Bodmin Gaol, Cornwall. Before the filming, Acorah had been fed misinformation about a non-existent ghost of Kreed Kafer by the show parapsychologist Dr. Ciaran O' Keeffe. During the investigation, which was later broadcast, he presented the information as fact and even behaved as though being possessed by the fictional ghost. O'Keeffe later revealed Kreed Kafer is an anagram of 'Derek Faker' in a national newspaper. Even though O' Keeffe exposed Acorah, the paper also claimed that O' Keeffe had exposed the rest of the "Most Haunted" team. O'Keeffe later reported that he had been grossly misquoted and misrepresented in the article, and produced a response outlining his version of the show based on his observations and findings, saying he had exposed Derek Acorah and NOT "Most Haunted". The show's presenter and executive producer, Yvette Fielding said in an interview that she believes it was a fake possession.


title: Most Haunted

text: Although not mentioned by O'Keeffe, the "Mirror" article also brought into question unedited footage which appeared to show Fielding and Karl Beattie faking 'paranormal' occurrences such as ghostly bumps and knocks. Fielding denied the claims. Thus far none of this footage has come to light, leading to the belief that the "Mirror"'s claims were false. Videos purporting to show the team faking paranormal activity have often popped up on the web but are conclusively show nothing damning.


title: Most Haunted

text: Further controversy centred on Derek Acorah again in the West Country, this time in Devon. On the first night filming "Terror in Torbay", Acorah mentioned a woman incarcerated by her jealous sister in the cellar of Lupton House, even coming up with the names Margaret and Eleanor. In this case, the facts were right, but the location was wrong. This is the well-known legend of Berry Pomeroy Castle which was to be the last night's location. On the final night, at Berry Pomeroy, Fielding reminded Acorah that he had mentioned the incarcerated sister two nights prior. Acorah glossed over his mistake and changed the subject.


title: Julius Sämann

text: Julius Sämann (April 15, 1911 – May 9, 1999) was a German businessman. He was born in Uffenheim, Germany. He was a Jew. He left Germany because of the Nazis. He studied the smell of Alpine Trees for five years in Canada. Sämann developed methods to get essential oils from ever-green trees and started an oil company. He sold the interest from the company in 1946. In 1952, a milk driver in Watertown, New York complained to him about the smell of spilled milk. Because of this, he invented Little Trees.


title: Emma Gee

text: Emma Gee was a Chinese-American activist. She was one of the founders of the Asian American Political Alliance (AAPA). The AAPA was the first organization that used the term “Asian American” to describe themselves. Gee was also the editor of “Counterpoint: Perspectives on Asian America”, a collection of essays and thinking about and exploring Asian Americans’ experiences.


title: Khongjom War Memorial Complex

text: The Khongjom War Memorial Complex is a war memorial site of the Anglo-Manipuri War, fought at Khongjom, Thoubal district of Manipur. The war memorial complex has the tallest sword statue of the world. The sword statue symbolizes the courage, dedication and patriotism of the freedom fighters of Manipur, who fought against the three sides of the charging attacks of the British Army, from Kohima, Silchar and Myanmar on the 23rd of April, 1891.


title: It's a Heartache

text: "It's a Heartache" is a song recorded by Welsh singer Bonnie Tyler for her second studio album, "Natural Force" (1978). The song was recorded in the same year by Juice Newton as a standalone single.


title: Canada men's national ice hockey team

text: The Canadian National Men's Ice Hockey Team (also known as Team Canada) is the ice hockey team for Canada. The team is run by Hockey Canada, a member of the International Ice Hockey Federation. From 1920 until 1963 Canada did not have a single national hockey team. Instead, senior amateur club teams played for Canada . Canada's national men's team was created in 1963 by Father David Bauer as a part of the Canadian Amateur Hockey Association. This team played out of the University of British Columbia. During the 1972 Summit Series, the name "Team Canada" was first used. The Canadian national team is now often called "Team Canada".


title: Plumpy'nut

text: Plumpy'Nut is a peanut-based paste wrapped in plastic, used to treat severe malnutrition. It's manufactured by Nutriset, a French company. The paste removes the need for hospitalization, and the 92-gram (3¼ oz) packages of it can be eaten at home and allows large numbers of people to be treated.


title: It's a Heartache

text: Tyler's version received positive reviews from music critics. The song reached number three in the United States and number four in the United Kingdom. Tyler's version is one of the best-selling singles of all time.


title: Canada men's national ice hockey team

text: Team Canada has been one of the leading national ice hockey teams playing around the world. They won the 1972 Summit Series against the Soviet Union, four of five Canada Cups since 1976, nine Olympic gold medals (the most of any hockey nation); Salt Lake City 2002, Vancouver 2010, and Sochi 2014. They are 25-time IIHF World Champions and winner of the 2004 World Cup of Hockey.


title: Canada men's national ice hockey team

text: From 1920 to 1963 the senior amateur club teams that played for Canada were usually the most recent Allan Cup champions. The last amateur club team from Canada to win a gold medal at the World Championship was the Trail Smoke Eaters in 1961. After the 1963 World Championships, Father David Bauer founded the national team to play hockey for Canada in games around the world. This new team had it's first games at the 1964 Winter Olympics.


title: Canada men's national ice hockey team

text: Before the Soviet Union began playing international hockey in 1954, Canada won many of the international hockey games. Team Canada won six out of seven golds at the Olympics and 10 World Championship gold medals. After Canada won the Winter Olympic Gold medal in 1952, they did not win another gold medal for 50 years. From 1962 to 1993 the team was not able to win any World Championships. It was difficult for Team Canada to win because the country's best professional players were not able to play for Team Canada. Instead, they were playing for their National Hockey League teams.


title: Canada men's national ice hockey team

text: Canada stopped playing in IIHF events in 1970 and Team Canada stopped playing in any games after the team was told they could not use semi-professional players at the World Championship. Canada once again began playing in the IIHF in 1977 after the IIHF President Dr. Sabetzki and top officials of professional ice hockey in Canada and the United States were able to come to an agreement. They agreed that professionals would be allowed to play hockey at the World Championship and the tournament would be scheduled later in the year. This allowed players from the NHL to play, after their teams were no longer playing in the Stanley Cup playoffs. They also agreed to create the "Canada Cup". This championship would be played every four years in North American. Canada, the United States, and the four best European national teams would play in this championship.


title: Canada men's national ice hockey team

text: In 1983, Hockey Canada began the "Program of Excellence". This program was made to help prepare a team for the Winter Olympics every four years. This new National Team played a full season together all over the world against both national and club teams. Often, young players hoping to play in the NHL would play on this new team. In 1986, the International Olympic Committee voted to allow professional athletes to compete in Olympic Games, starting in 1988. This allowed many experienced NHL players to join the team. In 1998 the NHL decided to stop letting players compete in the Olympics, so the Program of Excellence was shut down.


title: Canada men's national ice hockey team

text: After not winning a gold medal for 33 years, Canada won the 1994 World Championship in Italy. Since 1994, Team Canada has won in 1997, 2003, 2004, and 2007. Canada won its first Olympic gold medal in 50 years at Salt Lake City 2002. At Vancouver 2010, Canada won the gold medal with a 3–2 win against the United States in the final. Sidney Crosby's overtime goal won Canada the final gold medal awarded at the Games. At the 2012 World Championship in Finland and Sweden, Ryan Murray became the first draft eligible prospect to represent Canada at the Ice Hockey World Championship.


title: Canada men's national ice hockey team

text: After winning the Gold medal in the 2010 Winter Olympics, Team Canada was able to win gold again at the Sochi 2014 Olympic games. This was the first time a team had won Gold medals twice in a row since the Soviet Union in 1988. Team Canada was also the first to finish the tournament without loosing any games since 1984. The team played so well that it was said they may be the best team that Canada had ever had. Drew Doughty and Shea Weber scored the most goals for the team, while Jonathan Toews scored the gold medal-winning goal in the first period of a 3–0 win over Sweden in the final. After the 2014 Olympics Steve Yzerman, stepped down as general manager of the team. In 2015, Team Canada was able to win their first hockey World Championship since 2007.


title: Canada men's national ice hockey team

text: All Olympic ice hockey tournaments between 1920 and 1968 also counted as World Championships. Team Canada has won a total of 15 Olympic medals.


title: Canada men's national ice hockey team

text: All Olympic ice hockey tournaments between 1920 and 1968 also counted as World Championships. The 1920 Olympics were the first world championship. IIHF World Championships were not held during the Winter Olympic years of 1980, 1984 or 1988.


title: Canada men's national ice hockey team

text: In the Spengler Cup, Team Canada competes against European club teams such as HC Davos who host the tournament every year in Vaillant Arena. Canada was initially represented by the standing national team at this event, but subsequently is usually made up of Canadians playing in European leagues or the AHL.


title: Variants of SARS-CoV-2

text: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has a lot of variants. Some of them are important because of increased transmission and vaccines being less effective on them. This article discusses relevant variants of SARS-CoV-2 and mutations in these variants.


title: Variants of SARS-CoV-2

text: The variant "WIV04/2019" is most closely related to the original virus when it began infecting humans.


title: Variants of SARS-CoV-2

text: There's no consistent nomenclature for SARS-CoV-2. Variants are usually refered to by the country where the variant came from. For example, B.1.1.7 is usually called the "UK variant."


title: Variants of SARS-CoV-2

text: Viruses generally mutate over time, creating new variants. When a new variant grows in a population, it's labeled as an "emerging variant".


title: Variants of SARS-CoV-2

text: In early November 2020, Cluster 5, also referred to as ΔFVI-spike by the Danish State Serum Institute (SSI), was discovered in Northern Jutland, Denmark, and is believed to have been spread from minks to humans via mink farms. On 4 November 2020, it was announced that the mink population in Denmark would be culled to prevent the possible spread of this mutation and reduce the risk of new mutations happening. A lockdown and travel restrictions were introduced in seven municipalities of Northern Jutland to prevent the mutation from spreading, which could compromise national or international responses to the COVID-19 pandemic. By 5 November 2020, some 214 mink-related human cases had been detected.


title: Variants of SARS-CoV-2

text: The World Health Organization (WHO) has stated that cluster 5 has a "moderately decreased sensitivity to neutralizing antibodies". SSI warned that the mutation could reduce the effect of COVID-19 vaccines under development, although it was unlikely to render them useless. Following the lockdown and mass-testing, SSI announced on 19 November 2020 that cluster 5 in all probability had become extinct. As of 1 February 2021, authors to a peer-reviewed paper, all of whom were from the SSI, assessed that cluster 5 was not in circulation in the human population.


title: Variants of SARS-CoV-2

text: This variant was first detected in October 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom from a sample taken the month before in Kent. Lineage B.1.1.7, It's correlated with a big increase in COVID-19 infection in United Kingdom, partly because of the N501Y mutation. There is some evidence that this variant has 40%–80% increased transmissibility and an increase in deadliness.


title: Variants of SARS-CoV-2

text: Variant of Concern 21FEB-02 (previously written as VOC-202102/02), described by Public Health England (PHE) as "B.1.1.7 with E484K" is the B.1.1.7 variant with an additional E484K mutation. As of 17 March 2021, there are 39 confirmed cases of VOC-21FEB-02 in the UK. On 4 March 2021, scientists reported B.1.1.7 with E484K mutations in the state of Oregon. It seems that this combination happened randomly in Oregon, instead of coming from the UK.


title: Variants of SARS-CoV-2

text: B.1.1.317 is not a variant of concern, but Queensland Health forced 2 people in hotel quarantine in Brisbane, Australia to go through an extra 5 days quarantine on top of the mandatory 14 days after it was confirmed they were infected with this variant.


title: Variants of SARS-CoV-2

text: On 18 December 2020, the 501.V2 variant, also known as 501.V2, 20H/501Y.V2 (formerly 20C/501Y.V2), VOC-20DEC-02 (formerly VOC-202012/02), or lineage B.1.351, was first detected in South Africa and reported by the country's health department. Researchers and officials reported that the variant is more likely to make young people very sick. The South African health department also said that the variant may be driving the second wave of the COVID-19 epidemic in the country.


title: Variants of SARS-CoV-2

text: Scientists said that the variant has many mutations that allow it to attach more easily to human cells because of the following three mutations in the receptor-binding domain (RBD) in the spike glycoprotein of the virus: N501Y, K417N, and E484K. The N501Y mutation has also been detected in the United Kingdom.


title: Variants of SARS-CoV-2

text: Lineage B.1.429, also known as CAL.20C, has by five distinct mutations (I4205V and D1183Y in the ORF1ab-gene, and S13I, W152C, L452R in the spike proteins S-gene). B.1.429 might be more transmissible. The CDC has listed B.1.429 and the related B.1.427 as "variants of concern," and says that they have a ~20% increase in transmissibility.


title: Variants of SARS-CoV-2

text: B.1.429 was first discovered in July 2020 by researchers at the Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, California, in one of 1,230 virus samples collected in Los Angeles County since the start of the COVID-19 epidemic. It wasn't detected again until September when it reappeared among samples in California, but numbers remained very low until November. In November 2020, the CAL.20C variant accounted for 36 percent of samples collected at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, and by January 2021, the CAL.20C variant was 50 percent of samples.


title: Variants of SARS-CoV-2

text: B.1.525, also called VUI-21FEB-03 (previously VUI-202102/03) by Public Health England (PHE) and formerly known as UK1188, doesn't have the same N501Y mutation found in B.1.1.7, 501.V2 and P.1, but has the same E484K-mutation as found in the P.1, P.2, and 501.V2 variants. B.1.525 is different from all other variants by having both the E484K-mutation and a new F888L mutation. As of March 5, it had been found in 23 countries, including the UK, Denmark, Finland, Norway, Netherlands, Belgium, France, Spain, Nigeria, Ghana, Jordan, Japan, Singapore, Australia, Canada, Germany, Italy, Slovenia, Austria, Malaysia, Switzerland, the Republic of Ireland and the US.


title: Variants of SARS-CoV-2

text: Lineage P.1, termed Variant of Concern 21JAN-02 (formerly VOC-202101/02) by Public Health England and 20J/501Y.V3 by Nextstrain, was found in Tokyo on 6 January 2021 by the National Institute of Infectious Diseases (NIID). The new lineage was first identified in four people who arrived in Tokyo having travelled from the Brazilian Amazonas state on 2 January 2021. On 12 January 2021, the Brazil-UK CADDE Centre confirmed 13 local cases of the P.1 new lineage in the Amazon rain forest. This variant of SARS-CoV-2 has been named P.1 lineage (although it is a descendant of B.1.1.28, the name B.1.1.28.1 is not permitted and thus the resultant name is P.1), and has 17 unique amino acid changes, 10 of which in its spike protein, including the three concerning mutations: N501Y, E484K and K417T.


title: Variants of SARS-CoV-2

text: A study of samples from Manaus between November 2020 and January 2021, showed the P.1 lineage to be 1.4–2.2 times more transmissible. The variant is also 10–80% more deadly.


title: Variants of SARS-CoV-2

text: A vaccinated person has a higher risk of getting a mild P.1 infection while still being 100% protected against hospitalisation or death.


title: Variants of SARS-CoV-2

text: Preliminary data from two studies indicate that the Oxford–AstraZeneca vaccine is effective against the P.1 variant, although the exact level of efficacy has not yet been released. Preliminary data from a study conducted by Instituto Butantan suggest that CoronaVac is effective against the P.1 variant as well, and the study will be expanded to obtain definitive data.


title: Brent Renaud

text: Brent Anthony Renaud (October 2, 1971 – March 13, 2022) was an American journalist, documentary filmmaker, and photojournalist. Earlier in his career, he did work for "The New York Times". He was killed by Russian troops by a gunshot wound, while reporting inside Ukraine which is currently being invaded by Russian forces. He was the first American and foreign journalist that died during the invasion of Ukraine in 2022.


title: Brent Renaud

text: Brent Renaud was born on October 2, 1971 at Memphis Tennessee from parents Georgann Freasier, mother, and Louis Renaud his father. Renaud was raised at Little Rock, Arkansas. His father worked as a salesman and his mother was a social worker. Brent also lived at New York City. He worked with his brother for several film series related with news.


title: Brent Renaud

text: Brent Renaud worked for The New York Time's as a video journalist, he also was a photojournalist whose photographs were featured to National Geographic, The Wall Street Journal, Newsweek and other media outlets through his photographs and videos through his Journalist career he had.


title: Brent Renaud

text: Brent Renaud had a filmmaking career which spanned for over 2 decades with his brother Craig Renaud. Brent's filmmaking not only was in the U.S but the whole world over his filmmaking career. Renaud was a journalist in war zones in Iraq, Afghanistan, and Caribbean countries that have high crime rates as Haiti and Central American countries. Renaud earned his bachelor's degree at Southern Methodist University in English.


title: Brent Renaud

text: According to Ukrainian police the dead person found was Brent Renaud. Renaud's journalist friend who was also shot at, described the events that had happened before they were shot at while trying to film Ukrainian refugees leave. He went to Ukraine to cover the conflict between Russian and Ukrainian forces as he did for decades in the middle east and central America.


title: Brent Renaud

text: Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky rebuked the killing of Renaud and mourned his death in a letter to his family members. Brent's friend mourned his death on the BBC, she told the agency that she had spent good times with him.


title: Jasper National Park

text: Jasper National Park is a national park in Alberta, Canada. It is the largest national park of the Canadian Rockies in Alberta. Its area is around . It is to the north of Banff National Park and to the west of Edmonton. The park has glaciers of the Columbia Icefield, springs, lakes, waterfalls and mountains. It is part of the Canadian Rocky Mountain Parks World Heritage Site.


title: What You Get Is What You See

text: "What You Get Is What You See" is a song by the singer Tina Turner. It was on her album Break Every Rule (1986). The record had three versions of the song on it: the Extended Dance Mix, the Extended Rock Mix and a live version from London. A different live version of the song was the first song on Turner's 1988 album Tina Live in Europe. She also put it on her 2009 live album Tina Live. That version was recorded during Turner's very popular . Lots of people in Australia liked the song.


title: Cartagena, Colombia

text: Cartagena (pronounced in Spanish; the usual English pronunciation is or ), also known as Cartagena de Indias ("Cartagena of the West Indies"), is a large city seaport on the northern coast of Colombia. It is the capital of the Bolívar Department. As of 2005, it has a population of roughly 895,400. It was founded in 1533 by Don Pedro de Heredia, and named after the port of Cartagena in Spain's Murcia region. It was a major centre of early Spanish settlement in the Americas, and continues to be an economic hub as well as a popular tourist destination.


title: Al Ahly SC

text: Al Ahly Sporting Club ( ) commonly known as Al Ahly () is an Egyptian sporting club. Founded in April 1907, they were named in 2000 by the Confederation of African Football as the "African Club of the Century".


title: Al Ahly SC

text: Al Ahly has 108 official trophies (99 domestic and 9 international). This makes them the 3rd most successful football club in the world.


title: Marilù Tolo

text: Marilù Tolo (born 16 January 1944) is an Italian actress and model. She appeared in 64 movies between 1960 and the 1980s. She is best known for her roles in movies such as "Sweet Deceptions" (1960), "Marriage Italian Style" (1964), "The Terror of Rome Against the Son of Hercules" (1964), "Espionage in Lisbon" (1965) and "Django Kill!" (1967). Her last acting role was in 1985.


title: Anna Netrebko

text: Anna Netrebko (born 18 September 1971) is a Russian operatic soprano. She was the People's Artist of Russia (2008).


title: Anna Netrebko

text: She was recognised by the journal "Musical America" as "a genuine superstar for the 21st century". They also named her Musician of the Year for 2008.


title: Porto-Novo

text: Porto-Novo (also known as Hogbonou and Adjacé) is the capital of the West African country of Benin. The city has a population of 223,552 people Porto-Nova is a port on an inlet of the Gulf of Guinea, in the southeastern part of the country. Porto-Novo is Benin's second largest city. The city of Cotonou is larger and more important, culturally and politically. The region around Porto-Novo produces palm oil, cotton and kapok. Petroleum was found off the coast of the city in the 1990s. It has become an important export of the city.


title: Porto-Novo

text: Another place of interest is a Brazilian-style church which is now a mosque. "Stade Municipale" and "Stade Charles de Gaulle", or Charles de Gaulle Stadium, are the largest football stadiums in the city.


title: Santiago de Compostela

text: Santiago de Compostela (also Saint James of Compostela) is the capital of the autonomous community of Galicia. It is a United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage Site. The city is in the northwest of Spain in the Province of A Coruña.


title: Santiago de Compostela

text: The city's Cathedral is the destination of an important pilgrimage route, the Way of St. James (Galician: "Camiño de Santiago", Spanish: "Camino de Santiago"). Pilgrims have been following this route since the ninth century.


title: Santiago de Compostela

text: The cathedral is believed to be where James, son of Zebedee is buried. Saint James was one of the apostles of Jesus Christ.


title: Samara, Russia

text: Samara (Russian: "Самара") is the ninth largest city in Russia. It is the administrative center of Samara Oblast. About 1,164,685 people live in the city.


title: Samara, Russia

text: It is in the southeastern part of European Russia at the confluence of the Volga and Samara Rivers. It is on the east bank of the Volga. Samara is the economic and cultural center in European Russian. They hosted the European Union–Russia summit in May 2007.


title: Chuvash language

text: Chuvash (, "Čăvašla"; ) is a Turkic language. It is spoken in Chuvashia, a part of central Russia. It is the only language from the Oghur branch of the Turkic languages that is still spoken today. Though many Turkic languages can be understood by different speakers, Chuvash is quite different.


title: Chuvash language

text: Chuvash is written using the Cyrillic script. Its alphabet has all of the letters of the Russian alphabet and adds four letters of its own: Ӑ, Ӗ, Ҫ and Ӳ.


title: Jimmie Johnson

text: Johnson started racing on motorcycles when he was five years old. Johnson left motorcycle racing and went on to drive in some off-road races. While he was off road racing, he met Herb Fischel. Fischel was the head of Motorsports at General Motors, who owns the Chevrolet brand Johnson drives for today.


title: Jimmie Johnson

text: In 1998, Johnson started racing in the American Speed Association (ASA) series. He had only raced in six stock car races in his life before the season. Johnson ended the season fourth in points, and he won the Rookie of the Year award. Johnson also started to race in the NASCAR Nationwide Series. He drove in three races during 1998. In 1999, Johnson raced in both the ASA Series and the Nationwide Series. He won twice and finished 3rd in the ASA series. In 2000, Johnson raced the full season in the Nationwide Series. He drove for Herzog Motorsports, and finished 10th in the points standings. He won his first and only Nationwide Series race in 2001 at the Hills Brothers Coffee 300 at Chicagoland Speedway in his 81st start in the series. It was at this time that Johnson was teamed up with crew chief Chad Knaus who he still works with today.


title: Jimmie Johnson

text: At a driver's meeting before the Nationwide Series race at Michigan International Speedway, Johnson asked NASCAR Sprint Cup Series driver Jeff Gordon for advice. Gordon liked Johnson, and after the talk Gordon suggested Johnson to team owner Rick Hendrick. Hendrick gave Johnson an offer to drive for him. Gordon became part owner and Johnson's car, the #48.


title: Jimmie Johnson

text: In 2002, Johnson started racing full time in the Winston Cup Series. Johnson finished the season 5th in the points standings, and had won 3 races. In 2003 Johnson once again won 3 races, had 14 top-five finishes and 20 top-ten finishes. He finished the season second in the Winston Cup Series points standings to Matt Kenseth. In 2004 Johnson had 8 wins, 20 top-fives, 23 top-tens and he finished the year 2nd in the point standings. In 2005 Johnson stayed in the top five in the points standings all year, winning 4 races. He finished the 2005 season 5th in the Nextel Cup Series points.


title: Jimmie Johnson

text: In 2006 Johnson won five races and his first Nextel Cup Series championship. Johnson had 13 top-fives, 24 top-tens, 1 pole, and he led 854 laps during the 2006 season. In 2007 Johnson had 10 wins, 4 poles, 20 top-fives, and 24 top-tens. At the end of the season, he had won his second championship.


title: Jimmie Johnson

text: In his 2008 season Johnson got 7 wins, 6 poles, 15 top-fives, 22 top-tens, and his third Sprint Cup Series Championship. Johnson only failed to finish one race in the 2008 season. During the 2009 season Johnson had 7 wins, 4 poles, 16 top-fives, 24 top-tens, and he led a total of 2,238 laps. He finished the season 1st in points, becoming the only driver to win four championships in a row.


title: Jimmie Johnson

text: In 2010, Johnson won his 5th Sprint Cup Series championship. He finished the season withd 2 pole positions, 17 top-fives, 23 top-tens, 6 wins, 1326 laps led. He failed to finish four of the races in the 2010 season. With this championship, Johnson became the only driver to have won 5 championships in a row.


title: Abel Tasman

text: Abel Janszoon Tasman (1603–1659) was a Dutch sea explorer. He found Tasmania and New Zealand while on voyages in 1642 and 1644, in the service of the VOC (Dutch East India Company). He also made the first historical sightings of large parts of Australia.


title: Abel Tasman

text: He was born in Lutjegast, Netherlands. He went to Batavia (now called Jakarta) to work for the VOC in 1633. He went back to Holland in 1636. He went back to Batavia with his wife, Jannetie Tjaerss, two years later. He went north to Japan in 1640. In 1642 Tasman went south to Palembang.


title: Abel Tasman

text: Tasman set Governor General of the Dutch East Indies. This man sailed around to the east coast of Van Diemen's Land and claimed the land for the Dutch on December 3, 1642. The ships then sailed west and found New Zealand. His ships were attacked by Maori in large war canoes (boats) and four sailors died. Tasman then sailed north-east to Tonga and Fiji. He then sailed north west to New Guinea and got back to Batavia in June 1643.


title: Abel Tasman

text: In 1644 Tasman sailed from Batavia with the ships "Limmen", "Zeemeeuw" and "Bracq". He sailed along the west coast of New Guinea, and then the coast of Australia from Cape York to North West Cape. He went back to Batavia in August 1644. He showed that Western Australia and Queensland were part of the same country. He was not able to get through Torres Strait, but his maps were used for the next 200 years. Tasman made more trips including to Sumatra in 1646, Siam in 1647, and Manila in 1648. He purchased a lot of land in Batavia where he died in October 1659.


title: Abel Tasman

text: Several places have been named after him, including Tasmania, the Tasman Peninsula, Tasman Island and the Tasman Sea.


title: Eurasian eagle-owl

text: The Eurasian eagle-owl ("Bubo bubo") is a species of eagle-owl that is found in Eurasia. It is also called the European eagle-owl. In Europe, it is just called the eagle-owl.


title: Eurasian eagle-owl

text: It is one of the largest species of owl. Females grow to a total length of 75 cm (30 in), with a wingspan of 188 cm (6 ft 2 in); males are slightly smaller. The bird has distinctive ear tufts.


title: Eurasian eagle-owl

text: The Eurasian eagle-owl is found in many habitats, but is mostly a bird of mountainous regions or other rocky areas, often near woodland edge and shrubs or wetlands to hunt their prey.


title: Daniel Day-Lewis

text: Sir Daniel Michael Blake Day-Lewis (born 29 April 1957) is a retired British actor. He won three Academy Awards, four BAFTA Awards, three Screen Actors Guild Awards, and three Golden Globe Awards.


title: Winterthur

text: Winterthur (; ; Latin language: "Vitudurum", locally often called: "Winti") is a city in the canton of Zurich in northern Switzerland. It is the sixth-largest city in Switzerland. About 138,000 people lived there in 2015.


title: Daniel Day-Lewis

text: He was born in London, England on 29 April 1957. He had dual citizenship - British and Irish. He is the youngest of Cecil Day-Lewis' four children and the younger of Jill Balcon's two children. His sister, Tamasin Day-Lewis, is a television chef. Day-Lewis married Rebecca Miller (the daughter of Arthur Miller) in 1996. From another relationship Day-Lewis has one son. With Miller, he has two sons.


title: Daniel Day-Lewis

text: He starred in most movies, such as "My Left Foot", "There Will Be Blood" and "Gangs in New York". He played Abraham Lincoln in Steven Spielberg's 2012 biopic movie "Lincoln". He won an Golden Globe Award, Screen Actors Guild Award and an Academy Award for his performance. He retired from acting after starring in his final movie "Phantom Thread".


title: Coral Sea

text: The Coral Sea is a small sea off the north east coast of Australia. It has Queensland on its west side and the islands of Vanuatu and New Caledonia on its east. On the north edge is the Solomon Islands, and in the south it joins the Tasman Sea. The Great Barrier Reef is in the Coral Sea. It has a warm climate, it often rains and there are often tropical cyclones. It covers an area of about four times the size of Great Britain. The WWF describe the Coral Sea as being one of the last complete tropical wilderness areas on earth. It has beautiful coral reefs with many different sea creatures including grey and white tip reef sharks, hammerheads, manta rays, tuna, barracuda, turtles, whales and the rare nautilus.


title: Coral Sea

text: Australia claims many of the islands as part of its 780,000 square kilometre Coral Sea Islands Territory. Most of them are small coral or sand islands, and only one has people living on it. It has a population of only four.


title: Coral Sea

text: In World War II the Battle of the Coral Sea was the first aircraft carrier battle fought between the United States and Australia against Japan. The battle lasted from 4 May to 8 May 1942. During that time none of the ships saw each other or fired their guns at each other. All the fighting was done by aircraft from the carriers. It is the largest naval battle fought near Australia. It was important because it stopped the Japanese from invading Port Moresby, the capital city of New Guinea. Many people regarded it as the battle that saved Australia.


title: Canton of Bern

text: The Swiss canton of Bern has about 947,000 people. The canton is in west-central Switzerland and the city of Bern is its capital.


title: 60 (number)

text: 60 (also written as sixty or six ten) is a number. It comes after fifty-nine and before sixty-one and is an even number.


title: Canton of Bern

text: As of April 2004, there are 398 municipalities of the canton of Bern within the following 26 administrative districts:


title: Anaximander

text: Anaximander (; "Anaximandros"; c. 610 – c. 546 BC) was a Pre-Socratic Greek philosopher who lived in Miletus, a city of Ionia. He belonged to the Milesian school and learned the teachings of his master Thales. He succeeded him and became the second master of that school where he counted Anaximenes and Pythagoras amongst his pupils.


title: Anaximander

text: Little of his life and work is known today. According to available historical documents, he is the first philosopher known to have written down his studies, although only one fragment of his work remains. Fragmentary testimonies found in documents after his death provide a portrait of the man.


title: 26 (number)

text: Twenty-six is a number. It comes between twenty-five and twenty-seven, and is an even number. It is divisible by 1, 2, 13, and 26.


title: Michoacán

text: Michoacán is a state in south-west Mexico. About 4,000,000 people live there. Its capital is Morelia.


title: Punta Arenas

text: Punta Arenas (lit. "Sandy Point") is the capital of Magallanes y Antártica Chilena Region and the largest city in the region. It has the 1% (about 124246 people) of the total population. It is located at "comuna" (municipality) of Magallanes, and geographically at Brunswich Peninsula (53° 10' S 70° 56'W).


title: Timor Sea

text: The Timor Sea is a relatively shallow sea. It is bounded to the north by the island of Timor, to the east by the Arafura Sea, to the south by Australia and to the west by the Indian Ocean.


title: Timor Sea

text: The sea has a number of reefs, islands where no one lives and significant hydrocarbon reserves. The Timor Sea was hit by the worst oil spill for 25 years in 2009.


title: Timor Sea

text: The waters to the east are known as the Arafura Sea. The Timor Sea is next to three large inlets on the north Australian coast, the Joseph Bonaparte Gulf, Beagle Gulf and the Van Diemen Gulf. The Australian city of Darwin is the only large city by the sea. The small town of Wyndham is on the west arm of Cambridge Gulf, an inlet of Joseph Bonaparte Gulf.


title: Timor Sea

text: Rivers that enter the Timor Sea from the Northern Territory include Fish River, King River, Dry River, Victoria River and the Alligator Rivers. Rivers in the Kimberley region that flow into the Timor Sea include the Ord River, Forrest River, Pentecost River and Durack River.


title: Timor Sea

text: The sea is about 480 km (300 statute miles) wide, covering an area of about 610,000 km². (235,000 square miles). Its deepest point is the Timor Trough in the northern part of the sea, which reaches a depth of 3,300 m (10,800 ft). The rest of the sea is much shallower, much of it averaging less than 200 m (650 ft) deep.


title: Timor Sea

text: In May 2010, it was said that a crater about 50 km wide has been found on the seabed of the Timor Sea.


title: Timor Sea

text: A number of important islands are in the sea. Two of the islands are Melville Island, part of the Tiwi Islands, off Australia and the Australian-governed Ashmore and Cartier Islands. It is thought that early humans reached Australia by "island-hopping" across the Timor Sea.


title: Timor Sea

text: Scott and Seringapatam Reefs formed in the area. To the west on the same underwater platform is the Rowley Shoals.


title: 1912 Summer Olympics

text: The 1912 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the V Olympiad, were held in Stockholm, Sweden.


title: 1912 Summer Olympics

text: The games were thought to be a success. For the first time, athletes in the Games came from all five continents symbolised in the Olympic rings.


title: 1260s

text: Kublai Khan became the supreme leader (a title for their leader) of the Mongol Empire and moved his capital to Beijing. He was at war with the southern Chinese Song Dynasty. The Mongol Empire lost some of its battles. The first time it lost a battle with Kublai Khan as the leader was in Palestine when fighting the Mamluks of Egypt. The Empire also lost in the Caucasus. The Mamluks were led by their new sultan Baibars. The Mamluks were soon were more in control in the Middle East because they took control of a number of crusader states and also stopped the Mongol attacks from happening as much. The Empire of Nicaea took control of Constantinople and also the Latin Empire so it again became the Byzantine Empire.


title: 1260s

text: In Europe there was problems in politics. Arguments about who was the owner of what land let to many wars in the continent. In England there was the Second Barons' War. This was a civil war between the aristocracy who did not like how the King named Henry III behaved. This was because the King wanted absolute monarchy. King Otakar II of Bohemia became the most important prince in Europe. He got more land by fighting wars and also when his family died some of their land became his. Iceland and Greenland knew of and recognised the overlordship of Norway but when the Norse invaded Scotland the Scottish were able to stop them and they made peace. In Spain the Reconquista was still happening and several important cities were captured again from the Moors. The way the pope was elected was made better. The parliaments of Ireland and England met for the first time.


title: 1260s

text: Several important cultural achievements were made in the decade. Roger Bacon published important scientific work named "Opus Majus." Also, Thomas Aquinas published "Summa contra Gentiles". Important pices of architecture and sculptures were made in cathedrals in Europe. These include the Cathedral of Chartres and Nicola Pisano's pulpits for the Duomo di Siena and Pisa's Baptistery. In religion, the Sukhothai kingdom in Thailand adopted Buddhism as its official religion. In Europe anti-Semitism became worse because several authorities made laws which said that Jewish people must wear yellow badges so people knew who they were. Many Jewish people were killed in England and the Talmud was attacked and censored by the Catholic Church.


title: Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo

text: Maria Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo (born 5 April 1947) is a Filipino politician who was the President of the Philippines from 2001 to 2010 and the Vice-President from 1998 to 2001. She is currently a member of the House of Representatives. She was the country's second female president, after Corazon Aquino. She is also the daughter of former President Diosdado Macapagal.


title: Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo

text: In July 23, 2018, she was elected as the Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Philippines. She left the job in June 2019.


title: Naomi Watts

text: Naomi Ellen Watts (born 28 September 1968) is an English actress. She played Rachel Keller in the horror movie The Ring and Ann Darrow in the 2005 remake of King Kong.


title: Wilhelm Ostwald

text: Wilhelm Ostwald (23 September 1853 - 4 April 1932) was a Latvian-German chemist born in Riga, Latvia, winner of the 1909 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.


title: Black rhinoceros

text: The black rhinoceros ("Diceros bicornis"), is a species of rhinoceros. It lives in eastern and central Africa including Kenya, Tanzania, Cameroon, South Africa, Namibia, Zimbabwe, and Angola. The black rhinoceros is not actually black, but dark. It is a browser, with lips that help eating from low branches.


title: Wilhelm Ostwald

text: Wilhelm Ostwald was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1909 and it is Latvia's only Nobel prize. Although he was a German chemist, he was born in Latvia so the Nobel prize went to Latvia.


title: Black rhinoceros

text: The other African rhinoceros is the white rhinoceros ("Ceratotherium simum"). The white rhinoceros is not white, but lighter coloured.