title: NBA TV

text: NBA TV HD is a 1080i high definition simulcast of NBA TV. All studio programs and original shows are shot in HD, and all live games and recent game rebroadcasts are shown in HD. For programs not available in HD (such as older game footage), unique stylized pillarboxes are used, the NBA logo with "NBA TV" under it, or alternately, just "NBA TV" sideways. Both are in black and gray


title: NBA TV

text: On April 16, 2009, it was announced that DirecTV and the NBA reached a new carriage agreement. NBA TV was moved from the satellite television provider's add-on Sports Pack (and premium subscription package NBA League Pass) to its lower priced base package Choice Xtra on October 1, 2009. DirecTV believes the move will make the channel available to an additional 8 million subscribers.


title: NBA TV

text: On June 4, 2009, it was announced that the NBA and Comcast have reached a deal to move the channel from the cable company's add-on Sports Entertainment Package to its basic level Digital Classic package, by the start of the 2009-10 NBA season. Comcast believes an additional 8 million customers will now have access to the channel.


title: NBA TV

text: The channel also signed new multiyear agreements with Time Warner Cable, Cablevision, and Dish Network on October 22, 2009. They also reached a new deal with Cox Cable earlier this year.


title: International Astronomical Union

text: The International Astronomical Union (IAU) is an international group that brings together the national astronomical groups from around the world. It was created in 1919. It was created to promote and protect the science of astronomy by getting different nations to work together. Its members are professional astronomers from all over the world, and they all work on research and education in astronomy. The IAU has good relationships with groups that include amateur astronomers. "National Members" are usually people with a high level of professional astronomy. There are more than 10,000 active "Individual Members" in 107 countries. It has 62 "National Members".


title: International Astronomical Union

text: This organization has many working groups like the Working Group for Planetary System Nomenclature (WGPSN), which maintains the astronomical naming conventions and planetary nomenclature for planetary bodies, and the Working Group on Star Names (WGSN) for naming stars.


title: International Astronomical Union

text: The IAU is also the group in charge of naming objects in space and anything on them such as mountains and craters.


title: Indian roller

text: The Indian roller "(Coracias benghalensis)", is a member of the roller family of birds. They are found widely across tropical Asia stretching from Iraq eastward across the Indian subcontinent to Indochina and are best known for the aerobatic displays of the male during the breeding season. They are very commonly seen perched along roadside trees and wires and are commonly seen in open grassland and scrub forest habitats. It is not migratory, but undertakes some seasonal movements.


title: Phong Nha – Kẻ Bàng National Park

text: Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park (Vietnamese language: "Vườn quốc gia Phong Nha-Kẻ Bàng") is a national park in Quảng Bình Province, Vietnam. It is about 40 km north of Đồng Hới city. This national park is a UNESCO's World Heritage Site. It protects an area of primitive forest, caves and grottos. This national park has many rare animals and underground rivers. This park has 300 caves and grottoes with a total length of 70 km, of which British and Vietnamese scientists have so far surveyed 20 km. This park has many underground rivers and has biological diversity. In 2003, UNESCO listed this national park in its world heritage sites (natural heritage sites).


title: United States Space Force

text: The United States Space Force (USSF) is a part of the U.S. Armed Forces. It is focused on war in space. It is the sixth branch of the U.S. military.


title: United States Space Force

text: It is a part of the Department of the Air Force, one of the three parts of the Department of Defense. Because of this, the Space Force is led by the Secretary of the Air Force, who is under the Secretary of Defense. The leader of the Space Force is called the Chief of Space Operations.


title: United States Space Force

text: On June 18, 2018, President Donald Trump announced in an address to the National Space Council a directive that requests the creation of a sixth branch of the United States Armed Forces.


title: United States Space Force

text: The president announced his intention for The Pentagon to create the 'Space Force' as an independent service branch, separate from the United States Air Force.


title: United States Space Force

text: However, Trump's then Defense Secretary James Mattis and Air Force Secretary Heather Wilson think it is a bad idea because it is "complex" and will override the Air Force's job. Many US Senators stated they would rather create a Space Corps inside the Air Force. The Air Force has had a "Space Command" since September 1, 1982. General John W. Raymond is nominated to be commander of Space Command in April 2019. His nomination will be heard in United State Senate in June 2019. He was previously head of U.S. Air Force Space Command.


title: United States Space Force

text: On 20 December 2019, the Space Force became the sixth armed service branch. General John W. Raymond became the first Chief of Space Operations. Air Force Secretary Barbara Barrett approved the moving of part of the Air Force to the Space Force and making it the Space Operations Command. This happened on 20 December 2019.


title: United States Space Force

text: The United States Space Force Act says that it will exist to make sure that the United States can operate freely in space. It ensures that they can conduct military actions in space quickly and for a long time.


title: United States Space Force

text: Its duties are to protect the interests of the United States in space. It also prevents attacks on the United States in and from space, and to generally operate in space.


title: United States Space Force

text: The Space Force is one of two equal parts of the Department of the Air Force. The other one is the United States Air Force. Both are run by the Secretary of the Air Force.


title: United States Space Force

text: The leader of the Space Force is the Chief of Space Operations (CSO), who is a general. The Chief of Space Operations will become a member of the Joint Staff one year after the Space Force Act was passed.


title: United States Space Force

text: About 16,000 Air Force members are going to become part of the Space Force while the branch becomes part of the U.S. Armed Forces. It will have its own way of training members, and will create uniforms, ranks, logo, patch, awards, and an official song. This is supposed to happen within 18 months after the Space Force became independent.


title: Jaywalking

text: Jaywalking is a form of crossing a street by not following the crosswalk. People crossing the street, known as pedestrians, can get a fine or time in prison for jaywalking in some states and cities.


title: Lifestyle Holidays Vacation Club

text: Lifestyle Holidays Vacation Club is one of the largest resort complexes in the Dominican Republic. The main office is in Puerto Plata.


title: Lifestyle Holidays Vacation Club

text: Lifestyle Holidays Vacation Club was founded in 2002. The VIP membership was launched later. The resorts are available for the members of the Club.


title: Lifestyle Holidays Vacation Club

text: The company has 6 holiday clubs in Puerto Plata, Cabarete, Punta Cana, Samana, Bayahibe, and Boca Chica in the Dominican Republic.


title: Fran Drescher

text: Francine Joy "Fran" Drescher (born September 30, 1957) is an American television, movie, musical theatre and voice actress, television director and producer, comedian, screenwriter, model, health, LGBT rights and political activist. She is of Jewish descent.


title: Fran Drescher

text: Her acting career began around 1977 when she acted in the movie "Saturday Night Fever". She is best known for playing Fran Fine from the sitcom "The Nanny". Her other notable movie roles include "Jack" (1996) and "Beautician and the Beast" (1997).


title: Fran Drescher

text: She is a uterine cancer survivor. She is a Democrat and a critic of capitalism. In 1985, she was raped by armed robbers.


title: Monrovia

text: Monrovia (; ) is the capital of Liberia. It is Liberia's most populous city with a population of 1,010,970. The city is named after 5th U.S. President James Monroe.


title: Monrovia

text: Monrovia was founded in 1822 by the American Colonization Society. They wanted free slaves. Liberia has the word liberty in it and it was meant for slaves for slaves to free from America.


title: Hermann Hesse

text: Hermann Hesse (2 July 1877 – 9 August 1962) was a German-Swiss poet, novelist, and painter. In 1946, he received the Nobel Prize in Literature. His best known works include "Steppenwolf", "Siddhartha", and "The Glass Bead Game" (also known as "Magister Ludi").


title: Pope Pius XI

text: Pope Pius XI (; , 31 May 1857–10 February 1939), born Achille Ratti, was an Italian priest of the Roman Catholic Church and the 260th Pope from 1922 to 1939.


title: Pope Pius XI

text: Father Ratti was a professor at the Padua Seminary from 1882 to 1888. He worked at Ambrosian Library of Milan from 1888 to 1911; and at the Vatican Library from 1911-1914.


title: Pope Pius XI

text: Some of his decisions were controversial. He made 18 concordats (treaties) with foreign governments. They included the Lateran Concordat with Italy in 1929; and the Reichskoncordat with Germany in 1933.


title: Emma Goldman

text: Emma Goldman (June 27, 1869 – May 14, 1940) was an Russian-American anarchist and labor organizer. She was an anarcho-communist who was an early supporter of atheism, gay rights and feminism.


title: Nijmegen

text: Nijmegen is a city in Gelderland in the east of the Netherlands. It has about 177,000 inhabitants (2021) and a university, called Radboud University Nijmegen.


title: Emma Goldman

text: Goldman fought for women’s rights and equality, workers' rights, queer rights, and anarchism (anarchism is the belief that society should be run without authorities or a government). She was also known for being one of the first women’s reproductive rights activists. In addition, Goldman wrote many books. Her most famous book, “Living My Life,” is an autobiography.


title: Emma Goldman

text: Goldman was born in a part of the Russian Empire, which is now known as Lithuania. She moved to the United States with her family when she was 17. She was upset by the way workers and labor activists were treated in the US. In 1889 she moved to New York. In New York, she joined an anarchist group. In the anarchist group, she met a new friend and someone she would work with for a long time, Alexander Berkman. In 1892, they attempted to assassinate (kill) Henry Clay Frick, for the way he treated workers. Berkman was unsuccessful and spent fourteen years in prison, but Goldman was not punished.


title: Emma Goldman

text: Later, in 1901, President William McKinley was assassinated by an anarchist who said he was inspired by Goldman. Goldman defended the murderer by saying “if the people want to do away with assassins, they must do away with the conditions which produce murderers."


title: Emma Goldman

text: Besides being a defiant radical, Emma was very well known for being incredibly influential in women’s reproductive rights activism. She fought for women’s sexual and economic freedom. Goldman was a nurse and midwife and taught other women about birth control. She was imprisoned in 1916 for this because at the time spreading information about birth control was illegal.


title: Emma Goldman

text: Goldman faced many legal troubles. In 1893 she was convicted of starting a riot and spent a year in prison. She was arrested in 1901 for allegedly conspiring in the assassination of President McKinley, but was never found guilty.


title: Emma Goldman

text: In 1919, Goldman and Berkman were sent back to Russia because the American government thought they were too dangerous. The Russian Revolution had just happened and Goldman was hopeful that Russia might end up being a good place. She ended up deciding that the revolution in Russia was not as good as she thought and that the Bolsheviks tricked many of the people in Russia. She thought the Bolsheviks were too controlling and were too powerful. She also did not like that the Soviet Union put lots of anarchists in jail for not agreeing with them.


title: Emma Goldman

text: She and Berkman left after two years and Goldman lived in many places in Europe, including England and France. In 1936 she moved to Spain to help the anarchists fight the fascists during the Spanish Civil War.


title: Hautes-Alpes

text: Hautes-Alpes () is a department in southeastern France, in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region. It is named after the Alps mountain range and its prefecture (capital) is Gap.


title: Hautes-Alpes

text: The department of the Hautes-Alpes was one of the 83 original departments created during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790 with the southeastern part of the old province of the Dauphiné.


title: Hautes-Alpes

text: It was divided in four districts: Briançon, Embrun, Gap and Serres, with Chorges as its capital but during that same year the capital was moved to Gap.


title: Hautes-Alpes

text: In 1800, with the creation of the "arrondissements" in France, the four districts were changed into three "arrondissements": Gap, Briançon and Embrun.


title: Hautes-Alpes

text: After the Battle of Waterloo in 1815, the department was occupied by troops from Austria and of the Kingdom of Sardinia.


title: Hautes-Alpes

text: Hautes-Alpes is in the Alps mountain range. The average elevation is over . The third highest commune in all of Europe is the village of Saint-Véran. Gap and Briançon are the highest prefecture and subprefecture in France.


title: Hautes-Alpes

text: The highest point is "Barre des Écrins" (), in the "commune" of Pelvoux; it is high. The lowest point is in the valley of the Buëch river, with an altitude of .


title: Hautes-Alpes

text: The Köppen climate classification type for the climate at Embrun is an "Oceanic climate" (also known as Marine West Coast Climate) and of the subtype "Cfc".


title: Hautes-Alpes

text: The average amount of precipitation for the year in Embrun is . The month with the most precipitation on average is May with of precipitation. The month with the least precipitation on average is July with an average of .


title: Hautes-Alpes

text: The average temperature for the year in Embrun is . The warmest month, on average, is July with an average temperature of . The coolest month on average is January, with an average temperature of .


title: Hautes-Alpes

text: Hautes-Alpes is managed by the "Departmental Council of Hautes-Alpes" in Gap. The department is part of the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region.


title: Hautes-Alpes

text: There are 2 "arrondissements" (districts), 15 "cantons" and 167 "communes" (municipalities) in Hautes-Alpes.


title: Hautes-Alpes

text: The following is a list of the 15 cantons of the Hautes-Alpes department (with their INSEE codes), following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015:


title: Hautes-Alpes

text: Hautes-Alpes had a population, in 2013, of 139,883, for a population density of inhabitants/km. The "arrondissement" of Gap, with 104,131 inhabitants, is the "arrondissement" with more inhabitants.


title: Limpopo

text: Limpopo Province is one of the nine South African provinces. It borders three countries namely Zimbabwe, Mozambique and Botswana. It is named for the Limpopo River.


title: Nadia Comăneci

text: She is famous for scoring the first ever perfect 10 in Olympic gymnastics history in the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Comaneci scored six perfect scores in Canada. She was coached by Béla Károlyi. She is married to former American gymnast Bart Conner, who is a commentator for the sport.


title: Stratigraphy

text: Stratigraphy is a branch of geology which studies rock formations called strata (layers). It is important in the study of sedimentary and layered vocanic rocks.


title: Stratigraphy

text: William Smith first used stratigraphy for a practical purpose in the 1790s and early 19th century. Smith, nicknamed "Strata Smith", made the first geological map of England. He understood that fossils could be used identify the same strata in different places.


title: Stratigraphy

text: He took samples and mapped the positions of the strata, noted the vertical extent of the strata, and drew cross-sections and tables of what he saw. Smith amassed a huge collection of fossils in strata he had examined. His most significant finding was:


title: Stratigraphy

text: There are many consequences of this idea. For geologists it means that when they find identical fossils in strata in different parts of the world, those strata were laid down at the same time. Also (this is a later realisation) the ecological conditions in which they were laid down would have been similar or identical in the different places.


title: Stratigraphy

text: Lithostratigraphy deals with the physical rock type and how it changes from place to place. Changes in the rock (facies change) reflect changing environments of deposition. One of stratigraphy's basic concepts is codified in the "law of superposition", which simply states that, in an undeformed stratigraphic sequence, the oldest strata occur at the base of the sequence.


title: Stratigraphy

text: Biostratigraphy is based on fossil evidence in the rock layers. If strata from different places have the same fossil fauna and flora, they were laid down at the same time.


title: Stratigraphy

text: Biostratigraphy was based on William Smith's "principle of faunal succession", which was one of the first and most powerful lines of evidence for evolution. It gives evidence of the formation (speciation) and extinction of species.


title: Stratigraphy

text: The geological timescale was developed during the 19th century based on the evidence of biostratigraphy and faunal succession. This timescale remained a relative scale until the development of radiometric dating, which gave it an absolute time framework.


title: Fernando Pessoa

text: Fernando António Nogueira Pessoa (Lisbon, 13 June 1888 - Lisbon, 30 November 1935), also known as Fernando Pessoa, was a Portuguese poet and writer.


title: Zaha Hadid

text: Dame Zaha Mohammad Hadid DBE RA ( "Zahā Ḥadīd"; 31 October 1950 – 31 March 2016) was an Iraqi-born British architect. She was born in Baghdad.


title: Fernando Pessoa

text: Pessoa is considered one of the greatest Portuguese poets. He has been compared to Luís Vaz de Camões. His works reflect the infuence of classic tradition and French symbolism and his poetry reflects nostalgia.


title: Zaha Hadid

text: Hadid was elected a Royal Academician in 2005. She became the first woman to receive the Pritzker Prize (2004). She received the Stirling Prize in 2010 and 2011. In 2012, she was created a Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire and in 2015 she became the first woman to be awarded the RIBA Gold Medal.


title: Fernando Pessoa

text: He is famous for having written under 73 different names. Each had its own presumed biography, physical qualities, relationship to the others, poetic voice, and point of view. Pessoa believed that a person could have more than one integrated personality. His work was also influenced by the English language which he learned in South Africa, where he spent a great part of his youth.


title: Zaha Hadid

text: Hadid's buildings are neo-futuristic, characterized by curving forms with "multiple perspective points and fragmented geometry to evoke the chaos of modern life".


title: Fernando Pessoa

text: He died of liver disease at age 47 in Lisbon. His last words were in English: ""I know not what tomorrow will bring..."."


title: Zaha Hadid

text: On 31 March 2016, Hadid died of a heart attack in a Miami hospital, where she was being treated for bronchitis, aged 65.


title: Fernando Pessoa

text: Among Pessoa's poems in English, there are "Sonnets" (1918), "English Poems" (1922), and "Mensagem" (1934).


title: Charles K. Kao

text: The Honorable Sir Charles Kuen Kao, (November 4, 1933 – September 23, 2018) was a Chinese-born American and British electrical engineer and physicist.


title: Charles K. Kao

text: He helped discover the development and use of fiber optics in telecommunications. Kao was awarded the 2009 Nobel Prize in Physics for ""groundbreaking achievements concerning the transmission of light in fibers for optical communication"". Kao holds dual citizenship of the United Kingdom and the United States. Kao is known as the ""Godfather of Broadband"".


title: Charles K. Kao

text: Kao was diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease in 2002 and had speech difficulty. He died on September 23, 2018 from complications of the disease in Sha Tin, Hong Kong at the age of 84.


title: Special Region of Yogyakarta

text: The Special Region of Yogyakarta (, pronounced ; Javanese: ꦣꦲꦺꦫꦃꦲꦶꦯ꧀ꦡꦶꦩꦺꦮꦔꦪꦺꦴꦒꦾꦏꦂꦠ "Dhaérah Istiméwa Yogyakarta") is a provincial-level autonomous region of Indonesia in the south of Java. Indian Ocean is on the southern side of the Special Region. The Special Region is located next to Central Java. Yogyakarta is ruled by the Yogyakarta Sultanate, the only official monarchy in the government of Indonesia. The city of Yogyakarta is a popular tourist destination and cultural center of the region.


title: Special Region of Yogyakarta

text: The Yogyakarta Sultanate was established in 1755 and supported for Indonesia's independence during the Indonesian National Revolution (1945–1949). Yogyakarta is led by Sultan Hamengkubuwono X as the governor and Prince Paku Alam as the vice governor. The Special Region has a land area of 3,185.8km. It is the second-smallest province of Indonesia after Jakarta.


title: Special Region of Yogyakarta

text: Special Region is led by a governor who is helped by a vice governor. The governor and vice governor of the Special Region are chosen by the President. The governor must be a Sultan of Yogyakarta and the vice governor must be a Price of Pakualaman


title: Special Region of Yogyakarta

text: The Special Region of Yogyakarta is subdivided into four regencies ("kabupaten") and one city ("kota"):


title: Special Region of Yogyakarta

text: The city of Yogyakarta is located in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. It is a hub of classical Javanese fine art and culture such as batik, ballet, drama, music, poetry, and puppet shows. It is also one of Indonesia's centers of higher education. At the city's center is the Sultan's palace called the "Kraton." The city spread in all directions from the Kraton, the modern city core is in the north.


title: Special Region of Yogyakarta

text: The majority of the population is Muslim, which is 92.94%, followed by Catholic Christians 4.11%, then Protestant Christians 2.44%, Hindus 0.43%, Buddhists 0.09% and Confucianism 0.02%.


title: Palenque

text: Palenque (Bàak' in Modern Maya) is a Maya archeological site near the Usumacinta River in the Mexican state of Chiapas. It is a medium-sized site, much smaller than large sites like Tikal or Copán. It does, however, contain good examples of architecture, sculpture, roof comb and bas-relief carvings of the Maya time.


title: Goblin shark

text: The goblin shark ("Mitsukurina owstoni") is a rare, poorly-known species of deep-sea shark. Sometimes called a "living fossil", it is the only living species in the family Mitsukurinidae.


title: Goblin shark

text: The Goblin shark can be easily identified by its long, flattened snout. Males can reach up to lengths of 12.6 feet (3.8 meters), and females can reach up to lengths of 12.2 feet (3.7 meters). The heaviest Goblin shark found weighed 210 kg (460 pounds).


title: Goblin shark

text: The Goblin shark is a bottom-dwelling shark, being found in waters as deep as 4265 feet (1,300 meters). It has been found in the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Ocean.


title: Goblin shark

text: The Goblin shark can be easily identified by its long, flattened snout. It has a noticeably long head, tiny eyes and five short gill openings. The mouth is large and parabolic in shape. Its body is soft and flabby. This shark has a long caudal fin without a ventral lobe. The pectoral fins are short and wide, and the two dorsal fins are small, round and equal in size. The anal fin is round and smaller than the dorsal fins, while the pelvic fins are larger than the dorsals. The Goblin shark has a long extendable jaw, with long, thin teeth. The shape of its body shows that the Goblin shark is a slow moving species of shark.


title: Goblin shark

text: Living Goblin sharks are a pinkish-white color with bluish fins. Specimens fade and become a brownish color when preserved in alcohol.


title: Goblin shark

text: Goblin sharks have 26 long, thin, spike-like teeth on their upper jaw and 24 on their lower jaw. They have three rows of front teeth on each side of both jaws. The teeth in the front upper jaw are separated from the smaller upper side teeth by a gap.


title: Goblin shark

text: Mature male Goblin sharks have been found to reach lengths ranching from 8.66 to 12.6 feet (2.6 to 3.8 meters) long. Mature females have been found to reach lengths ranging from 11 to 12.2 feet (3.4 to 3.7 meters). The size at birth is not known, but the smallest specimen found was 3.51 feet (1.07 meters) long. The heaviest Goblin shark found weighed 210 kg (460 pounds), and was 3.8 metres (12 feet) long.


title: Goblin shark

text: This species of deep-sea shark is thought to be widely distributed. Specimens have been seen in the Atlantic, off the coast of Guyana, Surinam, French Guiana, France, Madeira, Senegal, Portugal, and the Gulf of Guinea. It has also been reported in the western Pacific off Japan, Australia and New Zealand. In the Indian Ocean it is found off South Africa and Mozambique. It was recently recorded in the U.S.A near San Clemente Island off the coast of California, as well as in the northern Gulf of Mexico, south of Pascagoula, Mississippi.


title: Goblin shark

text: The Goblin shark is a bottom-dwelling shark that is rarely seen at the surface or in shallow coastal waters. This species is found along the outer continental shelves, upper slopes, and off seamounts. Most specimens have been observed near continental slopes, between 885 and 3149 feet (270 and 960 meters) deep. It has been found in waters up to 4265 feet (1,300 meters) deep, and in waters as shallow as 311 to 449 feet (95 to 137 meters). Records show that the Goblin shark could also be an oceanic species.


title: Goblin shark

text: The Goblin shark senses its prey with the help of electro-sensitive organs. The jaws are made for rapid projection to help in the capture of prey. The jaw is thrust forward by a double set of ligaments at the mandibular (lower jaw) joints. When the jaws are withdrawn, the ligaments are stretched and they become relaxed when the jaw is projected forward. The jaws are usually held tightly while swimming, and have a function like a catapult when the Goblin shark wants to feed. The front teeth are made for crushing. The Goblin shark feeds on shrimps, pelagic octopuses, fish, and squids. It is also thought to feed on crabs, and deep-sea rockfish.


title: Goblin shark

text: There is no proper information about the reproduction habits of the Goblin shark. No pregnant female has been found or captured. It is believed that they are ovoviviparous, meaning that the young are born live, but there is no placental connection, instead the embryos are nourished by egg yolk. There is no real information of when the Goblin shark matures, when and how it mates, and how long the gestation period lasts.


title: Goblin shark

text: The Goblin shark is fished commercially off Japan, and is sometimes caught along with cutlassfish off Portugal. Elsewhere, they are taken mainly as bycatch of deep-water trawls and occasionally with deep-water longlines, deep-set gillnets, and possibly purse seines.


title: Goblin shark

text: The Goblin shark is probably harmless, but since it has rarely been encountered by humans it is not yet possible to tell. Although probably common, this species of shark is rarely seen and is therefore poorly known.


title: AirAsia

text: AirAsia Berhad () is a Malaysian low-cost airline based in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. It has been named as the world's best low-cost airline, and a pioneer of low-cost travel in Asia. AirAsia group operates domestic and international flights to 100 destinations in 22 countries. Its main hub is the klia2 (LCCT) at Kuala Lumpur International Airport (KLIA).


title: Egyptian calendar

text: The ancient civil Egyptian calendar was a calendar used by the ancient Egyptians. At first it had a year that was 365 days long. The year was made up of 12 months each having 30 days. At some point during the First Dynasty five additional days were added (sometime around 3000 BC). Egyptian astronomers observed that the annual flood of the Nile River fell very close to the first visibility of the star Sirius in the morning sky just before sunrise. This calendar would drift by 1 day every four years. But this drift was not enough to cause any problems. Even if a person lived to be 60 years old the drift between solar and civil calendars would only be 15 days. In 238 BC the Decree of Canopus added a sixth day every four years to correct this. But it was largely ignored. In 30 BCE the Roman Emperor Augustus reformed the Egyptian calendar by adding a leap day to every fourth year. This brought the Egyptian calendar in line with the Julian calendar used at the time in Rome.


title: Jacksonville Jaguars

text: The Jacksonville Jaguars are a professional American football team in Jacksonville, Florida. They are currently members of the Southern Division of the American Football Conference (AFC) in the National Football League (NFL). The Jaguars, and the Carolina Panthers, became part of the NFL as expansion teams in 1995.


title: BSD licence

text: The BSD licence is named after the group that first used the licence, the University of California, Berkeley, where the BSD operating system was first made. Since they are in the United States, BSD uses the U.S. spelling "BSD license".


title: Desmond Doss

text: Desmond Doss (February 7, 1919 – March 23, 2006) grew up in Lynchburg, Virginia and was a Seventh-day Adventist, which meant he was a pacifist. He did not believe in violence and chose not to use or carry weapons. He vowed not to kill.


title: BSD licence

text: The words of the BSD licence are public domain and can be changed however people want. To be useful for people or groups, people need to change 'Regents of the University of California', 'University of California, Berkeley', and 'Regents' to their name. A basic BSD licence looks like this:


title: Desmond Doss

text: He was a combat medic in the United States Army during World War II. During the Battle of Okinawa, he saved 75 soldiers that were left behind and wounded. He tied them in a special knot and lowered them safely down the ridge. After the war, Desmond Doss was awarded with many medals. He was the first pacifist to receive the Medal of Honor. He received the purple heart.


title: BSD licence

text: This means that any person who uses the licensed software can do anything with it, but the person cannot say it is all their work or say that the first makers of the software support the person's new software in any way. It also stops people from suing the first makers if something goes wrong with it.


title: Soba

text: Because noodles made out of pure buckwheat can easily fall apart when boiled, the buckwheat flour is usually mixed with binders - often wheat flour. Under the Japan Agricultural Standards regulations, the noodles must contain at least 30% buckwheat in order to be called "soba" but noodles with a high buckwheat content are seen as more desirable. The raw noodles are made by making a dough out of buckwheat flour and binder. The dough is then spread out flat. After that, strands of noodles are sliced off with a special knife. The quality of noodles is highly dependent on the skill of the maker, especially for soba noodles with high buckwheat content. The raw noodles are boiled before being served hot or cold.


title: May Revolution

text: The May Revolution happened from May 18 to 25, 1810, in Buenos Aires. Buenos Aires was the capital of the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata. It was a Spanish colony that included roughly the territories of present-day Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay and Uruguay. The result was the removal of Viceroy Baltasar Hidalgo de Cisneros and the forming of a local government now called the "Primera Junta". In Argentina this is now celebrated as "May Week" ().


title: Soba

text: In Japan, soba noodles are served in a variety of situations. They are a popular inexpensive fast food at train stations throughout Japan, they are served by exclusive and expensive specialty restaurants, and they are also made at home. Markets sell dried noodles and "men-tsuyu", or instant noodle broth, to make home preparation easy.


title: May Revolution

text: The May Revolution was a direct reaction to Spain's Peninsular War of the previous two years. In 1808, King Ferdinand VII of Spain abdicated in favor of Napoleon. Napoleon gave the throne to his brother, Joseph Bonaparte.


title: Soba

text: Some establishments, especially cheaper and more casual ones, may serve both soba and udon (thick wheat noodles) as they are often served in a similar manner. However, soba is traditionally the noodle of choice for Tokyoites. This tradition originates from the Edo period. At that time, the population of Edo (Tokyo) was much richer than the rural poor, were more susceptible to beriberi because of their high consumption of white rice which is low in thiamine. They are thought to have made up for this by regularly eating thiamine-rich soba. Every neighbourhood had one or two soba establishments, many also serving sake, which functioned much like modern cafes where locals would drop by casually.


title: May Revolution

text: The May Revolution began the Argentine War of Independence. No formal declaration of independence was made. The Primera Junta continued to govern in the name of the deposed king, Ferdinand VII. The Argentine Declaration of Independence was made at the Congress of Tucumán on July 9, 1816.


title: Soba

text: Soba is almost always eaten with chopsticks, and in Japan, it is traditionally considered polite to slurp the noodles noisily. This is especially common with hot noodles, as drawing up the noodles quickly into the mouth acts to cool them down.


title: Soba

text: Like many Japanese noodles, soba noodles are often served drained and chilled in the summer, and hot in the winter with a soy-based dashi broth. Extra toppings can be added onto both hot and cold soba. Toppings are chosen to reflect the seasons and to balance with other ingredients. Most toppings are added without much cooking, although some are deep-fried. Most of these dishes may also be prepared with udon. Soba noodles often have a witdh of around 1.5 mm.


title: Soba

text: Chilled soba is often served on a sieve-like bamboo tray called a zaru, sometimes garnished with bits of dried "nori" seaweed, with a dipping sauce known as "soba tsuyu" on the side. The "tsuyu" is made of a strong mixture of dashi, sweetened soy sauce and mirin. Using chopsticks, the diner picks up a small amount of soba from the tray and swirls it in the cold "tsuyu" before eating it. Wasabi, scallions, and grated ginger are often mixed into the "tsuyu".


title: Soba

text: Soba is also often served as a noodle soup in a bowl of hot "tsuyu". The hot "tsuyu" in this instance is thinner than that used as a dipping sauce for chilled soba. Popular garnishes are sliced scallion and shichimi toragashi (mixed chili powder).


title: Soba

text: Soba is traditionally eaten on New Years Eve in most areas of Japan, a tradition which survives to this day. In the Tokyo area, there is also a tradition of giving out soba to new neighbours after a house move, although this practice is now rare.


title: Soba

text: The most famous Japanese soba noodles come from Nagano. Soba from Nagano is called "Shinano Soba" or "Shinshu soba". Ni-hachi ("two-eight") soba, consists of two parts of wheat and eight of buckwheat.


title: Soba

text: "Soba" is also the Japanese word for buckwheat. Roasted buckwheat kernels may be made into a grain tea called "sobacha", which may be served hot or cold. Buckwheat hulls, or "sobakawa", are used to fill pillows.


title: Soba

text: "Soba" is occasionally used to refer to noodles in general. In Japan, ramen is sometimes called "chūka soba" or "shina soba" (both mean "Chinese noodles"). Parboiled chūka soba is stir-fried to make yakisoba. Note that these noodles do not contain buckwheat.


title: Soba

text: In Okinawa, "soba" usually refers to Okinawa soba, a completely different dish of noodles made out of flour, not buckwheat. Okinawa soba is also quite popular in the city of Campo Grande (Brazil), due to influence of Japanese (Okinawan) immigrants. It is eaten at street markets or in special restaurants called "sobarias".


title: Maya Hawke

text: Maya Ray Thurman Hawke (born July 8, 1998) is an American actress and model. She is the daughter of actress Uma Thurman and actor Ethan Hawke. She played Jo March in the 2017 BBC version of "Little Women". She played Robin Buckley in the third season of the Netflix series "Stranger Things" (2019).


title: Asian Americans

text: Asian Americans are Americans of Asian ancestry. The term refers to a group that includes diverse populations. They have ancestral origins in South Asia, East Asia. This includes people who indicate as "Chinese, Filipino, Indian, Korean, Japanese, Vietnamese, and Other Asian". Asian Americans with no other ancestry comprise 5.4% of the U.S. population. Asian Americans are by capita the richest and highest earning ethnic group in America, due to their high educational attainment and strong family values.


title: Kosi Zone

text: Koshi is one of the fourteen zones of Nepal. The headquarters of Koshi Zone is Biratnagar. It is also its largest city. Other major cities of Koshi Zone are Inaruwa, Dharan, Dhankuta and Itahari. Its main rivers are the Arun, Tamor, and Sapta Koshi. Koshi has six districts. These are Bhojpur, Dhankuta, Morang, Sankhuwasabha, Sunsari and Terhathum.


title: Asian Americans

text: The U.S. Census Bureau defines Asian as "A person having origins in any of the original peoples of the Far East, Southeast Asia, or the Indian subcontinent including, for example, Cambodia, China, India, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Pakistan, the Philippine Islands, Thailand, and Vietnam."


title: Asian Americans

text: During the 2010 United States Census, the largest ethnic groups were Chinese American, Filipino Americans, Indian Americans, Vietnamese Americans, Korean Americans, and Japanese Americans. The total population is 17,941,286.


title: Suhoor

text: Suhoor () is also called Sehri, Sahari, "'suhoor"', "'pisht lamae"' and "'pishmaney"' in other languages. It is an Islamic term referring to the meal had early in the morning by Muslims before fasting. It is recommended for Muslims to eat Complex carbohydrates.


title: Josh Hawley

text: Joshua David Hawley (born December 31, 1979) is an American politician. He is the junior United States Senator of Missouri since January 3, 2019.


title: Josh Hawley

text: He was born in Lexington, Missouri. Hawley studied at Stanford University and at Yale University. He is a former law clerk to Chief Justice John Roberts of the Supreme Court.


title: Josh Hawley

text: In October 2017, Hawley announced his candidacy for U.S. Senate. He defeated Claire McCaskill in the general election in November 2018.


title: 2017 Indian presidential election

text: The 2017 Indian presidential election was held in India on 17 July 2017, and counting was done on 20 July 2017, five days before the incumbent President's term expires. The incumbent is eligible for re-election, as no term limits exist in India.


title: 2017 Indian presidential election

text: Initially receiving speculation for a re-election bid, Pranab Mukherjee decided not to run again in 2017 due to health concerns and problems relating to his age.


title: 2017 Indian presidential election

text: Kovind secured roughly two-thirds of the votes from the electoral college of elected members of federal, state and union territory legislatures and was elected to a five-year term as President. Kovind's term of office will begin on 25 July 2017.


title: 2017 Indian presidential election

text: The president is elected by an electoral college consisting of the elected members of both houses of parliament, the elected members of the Legislative assemblies of the 29 states and the elected members of the legislative assemblies of the Union Territories of Delhi and Puducherry.


title: 2017 Indian presidential election

text: According to polling after voting was closed on 17 July 2017, Ram Nath Kovind was expected to win the presidency with a voting outcome of 99%. Kovind was declared as the winner after the counting of votes held on 20 July 2017. He will be administered oath by the Chief Justice of India Jagdish Singh Khehar, as The 14th President of India on 25th July, 2017 at The Central Hall located in The Parliament House, New Delhi.


title: Senzo Meyiwa

text: Senzo Robert Meyiwa (24 September 1987 – 26 October 2014) was a South African footballer. He played as a goalkeeper for Orlando Pirates in the Premier Soccer League, and for the South Africa national team. He was the captain of both.


title: Deltarune

text: The player controls a human, Kris, in a world where monsters live on the surface of the Earth. Kris and a classmate named Susie fall from Earth into a place called the “Dark World” where they meet Ralsei, who tells them that they are heroes destined to restore balance to the world. The players meet various beings who call themselves "Darkners" during a quest to seal the dark fountain. Mainly through the combat system, the player encounters multiple enemies who attack with a bullet hell system, which can be resolved peacefully or by fighting them. The first chapter of the game was released on October 31, 2018 for Microsoft Windows and macOS for free, with a later Nintendo Switch and PlayStation 4 release in February 28, 2019. The second chapter was released on Microsoft Windows and macOS in September 17, 2021. The game's graphics are similar to 16-bit Japanese role-playing games such as "EarthBound, " and "Chrono Trigger".


title: Senzo Meyiwa

text: Meyiwa was killed when two people broke into his house and shot him in Vosloorus, South Africa, aged 27. South African President Jacob Zuma led tributes to Meyiwa.


title: Deltarune

text: "Deltarune" is a spin-off of Fox's previous game, "Undertale" (whose title Deltarune is an anagram for), but its setting is "not the world of "Undertale"", according to Fox, though characters and settings may bring some of "Undertale"'s world to mind. As of March 2021, Chapter 3, 4 and 5 are planned as a paid release. but no release date has been announced yet.


title: Deltarune

text: "Deltarune", like "Undertale", is a role-playing game that uses a top-down perspective. The player controls a human named Kris and has to complete objectives in order to beat the game. During some parts of the game, the player is allowed to choose attacks of other characters in the game. Combat is similar to most normal turn-based role-playing games, choosing from a set of actions such as "Attack" or "Spare". While the game is biased towards avoiding fights, one of the party members, Susie, would rather attack enemies than spare them, so the player has to choose actions that will stop Susie from hurting enemies if they want to show mercy. The game also has TP (Tension Points), which allow team members to use spells such as "Pacify".


title: Deltarune

text: The game begins with the player being prompted to create an avatar, but the "vessel" is ultimately destroyed, as "no one can choose who they are in this world". Instead, the player is given control of the African-American Tyrone Deshawn, who arrives late to school one morning. After being paired up with their delinquent monster classmate Susie for a group project, their teacher, Richie, sends the two to get weed from the supply closet. However, the closet pulls them into a strange realm—the Black Ghetto—where they meet the dark prince Obama. He tells them that the three are heroes destined to close the geyser-like Afro-American Gibs that give form to the Hood Ghettos, in order to preserve the balance between light and dark. A new [Gibs] has created a new Hood Ghetto east of Obama's, guarded by a mayo hood-monkey called Kang. Susie, uninterested in Obama's story, initially joins Kang's mix-raced son Lancer in trying to rob the local Wal-Mart, but both are convinced to change sides and join the party.


title: Deltarune

text: Lancer refuses to confront his father and does not want to get buck- broken, so he imprisons them in Kang's sex dungeon. Susie helps Tyrone and Obama escape and fights Lancer, but ultimately reconciles with him and promises not to hurt Kang. Tyrone, Susie, and Obama confront and battle King, after which he falls over due to a fentanyl overdose. Obama heals him out of pity, but once healed Kang incapacitates the group and prepares to kill them. If the player has not violently subdued any prior enemies, Lancer leads the Black World's inhabitants in overthrowing and imprisoning Kang; otherwise, Obama uses magic to put King to sleep. After battling King, Tyrone closes the Afro-American Gibs, revealing that Black Worlds inhabitants are at an average of 80 iq, and returns home. That night ,Tyrone rises from his bed and rips out his fried chicken , throws it into a bird cage, and draws a knife


title: Deltarune

text: The next day , Tyrone and Susie return to the Black Ghetto and reunite with Obama, who urges the two to leave and work on their group project with their classmates Noelle and Berdly. Tyrone and Susie head to the library's computer lab, but discover a new Black Ghetto has been created inside it, and Noelle and Berdly have both been sucked in. The Black Ghetto's ruler, an African-American dominatrix prostitute named Kwan, kidnaps Noelle, intending to use her to create new Afro-American Gibs. Berdly, out of his white guilt , helps the latter with her plans. Obama travels to the new Black Hood to help Tyrone and Susie against Kwan.


title: Deltarune

text: Tyrone is temporarily separated from Susie and Obama and joins up with Noelle, helping her evade Kwan. During this section, Kris encounters Spamton, a Zionist Orthodox Jew. Through an optional sidequest, Tyrone can help Spamton enter the basement of Queen's mansion and upgrade himself into the superboss Spamton NEO-Zion.


title: Deltarune

text: Tyrone and Susie convince Berdly to change sides, but he is captured by Kwan. After Berdly is freed, Kwan reveals that any inhabitant of the rich Caucasian neighborhood can open a Afro-American Gibs through the use of intergenerational white privilege and attacks with a giant robot. Kwan defeats the group and threatens to kill them if Noelle does not follow her plans, but Noelle becomes race conscious and refuses to obey Kwan, buck-breaking her in a spurt of white pride . Realizing the error of her ways, Kwan tells Noelle to create the world she wants. Berdly then attempts to create a Afro-American Gibs, but Obama tells him to stop, warning that opening too many Gibs will cause a cataclysmic event known as "The Chimpout". Tyrone closes the new Afro-American Gibs, and Kwan and her followers relocate to Obama s Black Ghetto.


title: Deltarune

text: Tyrone and Susie awaken in the computer lab with Noelle and Berdly, who believe that their adventure was a dream. Susie walks Tyrone back to the trailer park and is invited in by Tyrone's single mother Laquesha. In the bathroom, Tyrone chucks out his fried chicken again and climbs out a window. After Tyrone returns and puts his chicken wing back in his body, Laquesha discovers that her car's tires have been slashed. Suspecting the local hood monkeys, calls the police, and suggests that Susie spend the night. After Laquesha and Susie have fallen asleep, Tyrone rips out his chicken wing again, turns on the living room TV, and uses his knife to open what appears to be a Afro-American Welfare Scheme in the living room. The screen fades to black, and a swastika appears on the static of the TV screen.


title: Deltarune

text: If the player forces Noelle to freeze enemies with ice magic, an alternate story route (commonly referrers to as the "Weird", "YTGrave", or "Jewnocide" route) occurs. The player gaslights Noelle to freeze enemies and solve puzzles by herself, and makes a deal with Spamton to acquire a ring that improves her magic. She is eventually forced to freeze Berdly solid with the YTGrave spell after he confronts the duo. She then leaves Tyrone, shaken by her own actions. Noelle is too exhausted to participate in Kwan's plans, and Obama informs Noelle of the Chimpout earlier, avoiding her battle. Tyrone goes to seal the Gibs alone, but is stopped by Spamton, who entered the basement while Kwan was distracted looking for Berdly and upgraded himself into Spamton NEO-Zion. Fighting Spamton, Tyrone calls for help from Susie and Obama, who do not respond, due to being high off garage meth. The player then calls for help from Noelle, who arrives and freezes Spamton with antisemitic statistics before Tyrone seals the Gibs. In the rich Caucasian neighborhood, Berdly is found unconscious in the computer lab, and Noelle questions whether the Black Ghetto really was a dream after Tyrone shows her that he has her watch. The route ends the same way as the normal route, with Tyrone opening a Afro-American Welfare Scheme in his living room.


title: Deltarune

text: "Deltarune" was developed by Fox in GameMaker Studio 2. The game introduces a new battle system influenced by the "Final Fantasy" franchise, contrasting with the original game's combat system (which was inspired by that of the "Mother" series). Some of the music in the game remixes much of the soundtrack of "Undertale", but most pieces are new. The main game uses sounds from "EarthBound", while battle music is similar to "Breath of Fire III" music, and even Lancer's theme is similar to J.A.K.Q. Dengekitai's opening theme. The game also has many similarities with "Undertale" in the name of characters, for example, Ralsei (one of the main characters) is an anagram of Asriel (a character from "Undertale") and Kris (the main character from "Deltarune") is almost an anagram of Frisk (the main character from "Undertale"). The name of the game, "Deltarune" is an anagram of "Undertale." Temmie Chang, who helped as artist in Undertale, served as the main artist for the game, designing characters, sprites and animations.


title: Deltarune

text: After previously teasing something "Undertale"-related a day earlier on Twitter, Fox released the first chapter of "Deltarune", a game "intended for people who have completed "Undertale"", on October 31, 2018 for Windows and macOS for free. Fox said that this release is the first part of a new project, and considered the release a "survey program" to determine how to take the project further. Fox mentioned that "Deltarune" will be a larger project than "Undertale". He will release it as one game (not chapters) after forming a team to develop it. Fox plans for "Deltarune" to have only one ending.


title: Audiophile

text: An audiophile is a person who cares about how good music sounds on a stereo or other high fidelity sound system. An audiophile is interested in how to improve the sound quality of sound recordings, such as vinyl records and Compact Discs, as well as the equipment used to listen to recordings such as CD players, amplifiers and loudspeakers.


title: No Tears Left to Cry

text: "No Tears Left to Cry" (written in lowercase) is a song by American singer Ariana Grande. It is the lead single from her fourth studio album, "Sweetener". The song and its music video were released on April 20, 2018.


title: Audiophile

text: Audiophiles are always looking for ways to improve their sound system. There are discussion forums, magazines and clubs for audiophiles to share their ideas.


title: No Tears Left to Cry

text: The song became Grande and Grimes's first chart-topper in Australia when it entered at the top of the ARIA Singles Chart. It entered at number two in the UK and at three in her home country of the US. With the song, she became the first act to have the first singles from four albums enter in the top ten of the "Billboard" Hot 100.


title: Audiophile

text: Some audiophiles believe that differences should be able to be measured in a scientific way. This type of audiophile is called an "objectivist".


title: No Tears Left to Cry

text: After taking a break from social media since New Year's Eve 2017, Grande promoted the release of the song on social media using upside-down, flipped font (ʎɹɔ oʇ ʇɟǝl sɹɐǝʇ ou). Meaghan Garvey from "Pitchfork" called the song "diva house" and the beat "UK garage-inspired," perhaps as a "nod to Manchester," referring to the May 2017 Manchester Arena bombing in England that occurred on Grande's Dangerous Woman Tour.


title: Audiophile

text: Other audiophiles believe that "what sounds better" or "more musical" may not be measurable. They rely mostly on their own ears and preferences. This type of audiophile is called a "subjectivist".


title: No Tears Left to Cry

text: The video features Grande and Grimes in a city with dancers and climbing up buildings and streets at right angles. It was nominated at the 2018 MTV Video Music Awards for Best Pop Video, Best Cinematography, Best Visual Effects, and Video of the Year, winning the first of these.


title: Audiophile

text: Audiophile is also used as an adjective in descriptions of audio equipment and recorded music, where it is intended to imply high quality.


title: YNW Melly

text: Jamell Maurice Demons (born May 1, 1999), better known as YNW Melly, is an American rapper, singer and songwriter. He was born in Gifford, Florida. He is best known for his songs "Murder on My Mind" and "Mixed Personalities" featuring Kanye West. He released his album, "We All Shine", in January 2019.


title: YNW Melly

text: In February 2019, Demons was charged with two counts of first-degree murder relating to a shooting that took place in October 2018. He is currently awaiting trial.


title: YNW Melly

text: In April 2020, during the 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic, Demons tested negative for dissociative identity disorder. Federal doctors stated that Nelly was sane while murdering both victims.


title: Cori Bush

text: Cori Bush (born July21, 1976) is an American politician, registered nurse, pastor, and activist. Bush is a member of the United States House of Representatives from Missouri's 1st congressional district since 2021. She is a member of the Democratic Party.


title: Cori Bush

text: On August 4, 2020, she beat 10-term incumbent Lacy Clay in the 2020 U.S. House of Representatives primary election. She won the general election in November 2020.


title: Jahanara Alam

text: Jahanara Alam (born: 1 April 1993) is a Bangladeshi cricketer who plays for the Bangladesh national women's cricket team. She is a right-arm medium fast bowler and right-handed batswoman.


title: Loktak Folklore Museum

text: The Loktak Folklore Museum () or the Thanga Folklore Museum () is a folk museum in Thanga Island in the Loktak lake of Manipur, India. It cares for and displays a collection of artistic, cultural and historical artefacts associated with the Loktak lake. The museum preserves the folk customs and beliefs, folk medicines, folk literature associated with the Loktak lake.


title: Loktak Folklore Museum

text: In 2016, the Tongbram family led by Tongbram Amarjit took initiatives to establish the Loktak Folklore Museum () at Thanga Tongbram Leikai in Thanga, Bishnupur District of Manipur.


title: Loktak Folklore Museum

text: The museum was inaugurated by Tongbram Mangibabu, the then Member of Legislative Assembly (MLA) of Thanga Assembly Constituency in 2016. The inaugural event was presided by Dr. K. Sushila, Director of Art and Culture, Government of Manipur.


title: Loktak Folklore Museum

text: The collections of the Loktak Folklore Museum include the fishing kits used by the fishermen of early times, literatures on the Moirang Kangleirol scattered over the Thanga and adjacent regions. It also houses the paintings of the spiritual and the mortal beings as well as traditional handloom and handicraft weaving accessories.


title: Loktak Folklore Museum

text: In October 2019, the Bangla Manipuri Poetry Festival was organised for 3 days (October 3-October 5) at various locations in Manipur. On the second day of the festival, the event was conducted in the Loktak Folklore Museum. The event was organised by the Library and Information Center (LIC), Kakching and Sahitya Thoupang Lup (Sathoulup), Imphal.


title: Loktak Folklore Museum

text: In 2021, the Kalen Art Exhibition was held at the Loktak Folklore Museum. The aim and the purpose of the art exhibition is to promote the cultural heritage and the significance of the Loktak lake.


title: Loktak Folklore Museum

text: "Museum as we know, is the soul of human civilisation and we can't simply abandon the things of the past."


title: Loktak Folklore Museum

text: The Loktak Folklore Museum had planned to organize the "Kalen Art Exhibition" associated with the International Museum Day on May 18 of the year. However, due to the COVID pandemic, the planned event was postponed.


title: Loktak Folklore Museum

text: "Kalen" is the Meitei lunar month in which the Umang Lais are worshipped. It is during this time that the Lai Haraoba festival is celebrated across the state. In association with this, the Kalen Art Exhibition focussed to inspire the youths to explore the cultural heritage of the Loktak lake.


title: Kiawentiio Tarbell

text: Kiawenti:io Tarbell (born 28 April 2006), also mononymously known as Kiawentiio, is a Canadian Mohawk actress, singer-songwriter, and visual artist. She is known for playing Ka'kwet in the third season of the CBC series "Anne with an E" (2017). She is set to play Katara in the upcoming Netflix of "". She will voice a character in the Marvel Cinematic Universe animated series "What If...?" (2021).


title: Offshore investment

text: Offshore investment is when a person invests money in a different country than the country of residence. This is many done to pay less taxes. Differences in legislation may also be a driving force. Very often money laundering is also done in these countries.


title: Vailala Madness

text: The Vailala Madness was a religious movement. It was active between 1919 and 1922. Many people think it was one of the first cargo cults, even though that term was first used in the 1940s. The Vailala Madness was active in the Papuan Gulf, which was a territory of Australia at the time, but now belongs to Papua New Guinea.


title: Vailala Madness

text: The Vailala Madness got its name from the behaviour of people who took part in it. This behaviour included glossolalia (or "speaking in tongues"), shaking, and signs of mental or emotional disturbances . In the indigenous language, people who were taking part in the Vailala Madness called it "iki haveve", or "belly-don't know," which was another way of saying "dizziness."


title: Vailala Madness

text: The people in the movement thought that a 'Ghost Steamer' would come. This ship would be piloted by dead people who were coming back. The dead people would bring with them cargo with tinned food and tools. In one version of the story, the dead people would bring guns to kick the white colonizers out, but not everybody agrees that this was what people in the Vailala Madness actually believed.


title: Theodicy of disprivilege

text: Theodicy of Disprivilege refers to the belief of the promise that salvation may be granted as a reward for earthly poverty. It can be one of many reason that explain the large numbers of lower class people who join religious sects or partake in mainstream religious practice, e.g attend church, temple or mosque. This idea was promoted mainly by Max Weber but is common amongst many sociologists who go to explain the growth of sect membership.


title: Google Maps (application)

text: Google Maps is a mobile application for mapping that was released by Google for Android in 2008. An iOS version was released on December 13, 2012. The iOS version was released as an alternative to Apple's built-in maps application, which was released with iOS 6.


title: Google Maps (application)

text: Google Maps has many features, including turn-by-turn navigation, street view, and public transit information. The application's user interface was completely redesigned. The original version did not support the iPad, but Google added iPad support with version 2.0.


title: Google Maps (application)

text: Google Maps is available as a mobile app for the Android and iOS mobile operating systems. The Android app was first released in September 2008, though the GPS-localization feature had been in testing on cellphones since 2007.


title: Google Maps (application)

text: The built-in maps application on iOS used Google Maps until iOS 6. With the release of the first iOS 6 beta in June 2012, Apple announced that they had created their own map service. iOS 6 was released on September 19, 2012 with a new maps application that uses map data by Apple. Google decided to create its own maps application after Apple's built-in maps application was criticized a lot.


title: Google Maps (application)

text: Google Maps was launched on the iOS App Store on December 13, 2012. After only two days, the application had been downloaded over 10 million times. It was initially reported shortly after the application was released that the number of iOS upgrades to iOS 6 increased by as much as 30%. Later reports suggested that the increase was actually because of the iPhone 5's release in China.


title: Google Maps (application)

text: The application has had mostly favorable reviews from critics. USA Today said, "The reemergence in the middle of the night of a Google Maps app for the iPhone is like the return of an old friend. Only your friend, who’d gone missing for three months, comes back looking better than ever." CNET, called it "the king of maps" and said, "With its iOS Maps app, Google sets the standard for what mobile navigation should be and more." Bree Fowler of the Associated Press compared Google's and Apple's map applications. He said, "The one clear advantage that Apple has is style. Like Apple devices, the maps are clean and clear and have a fun, pretty element to them, especially in 3-D. But when it comes down to depth and information, Google still reigns superior and will no doubt be welcomed back by its fans." Gizmodo gave it a "gizrank" of 4.5 stars. in 2013 Google even admitted that the iPhone and iPod touch version of its mapping software was more advanced than the version on its own Android mobile phone and tablet operating system.


title: Scissors

text: Some types of scissors, like children's scissors, are not very sharp. Children's scissors are often protected with plastic. These are called "Safety Scissors".


title: Scissors

text: Scissors can be made for left-handed or right-handed people. Using scissors made for the wrong hand is very hard for most people.


title: Basra

text: Basra (البصرة; Al Baṣrah) is the third largest city of Iraq with a population of about 2,600,000 (2003). It is the country's main port. Baṣra played an important role in early Islamic history, and it was the first city built in Islam 14 A.H (after Hijra)


title: Basra

text: The city lies at the Shatt al-Arab waterway near the Persian Gulf, from the Persian Gulf and from Baghdad, Iraq's capital and largest city.


title: Natalia Oreiro

text: Natalia Oreiro (born May 18, 1977 in Montevideo,Uruguay) is a Latin Grammy-nominated Uruguayan singer and actress. She has been in both soap operas and movies. She is best known for her participation in the soap opera, "Muñeca Brava" (1998-1999), which was an every-afternoon-smash-hit during its run in Argentina. Her most recent soap opera, "Sos mi vida" (2006), was shown in more than 40 countries.


title: Natalia Oreiro

text: Natalia Oreiro was born in Montevideo, Uruguay on May 19, 1977. She is daughter of Carlos Oreiro Poggio and the painter Mabel Iglesias Bourié. She studied drama when she was eight years old than she appeared in advertisements at twelve years old such as Coca-Cola, Pepsi and Johnson & Johnson.


title: Natalia Oreiro

text: When she was fifteen years old, she joined Latin America's show "El Show de Xuxa" and won the competition. At the age of 16 she moved to Argentina to work there. She worked as an MTV VJ and in 1995, she landed a role in the soap opera "Dulce Ana". After that she st in the TV series "90-60-90 modelos" (1996) and "Ricos y famosos" (1997). In "Ricos y famosos", Oreiro played fictional character Valeria.


title: Natalia Oreiro

text: In 1998, Natalia Oreiro starred in her first movie "Un Argentino en New York" with Guillermo Francella. "Un Argentino en New York" was watched by 1.634.702 people in Argentina. After the movie, she released three studio albums ("Natalia Oreiro, Tu Veneno, Turmalina") and she starred many TV series and movies.


title: Natalia Oreiro

text: In 1998, Natalia Oreiro released single "Que Sí, Que Sí" from "Un Argentino en New York". Than she launched her first studio album "Natalia Oreiro" (1998). "Cambio Dolor" was first single from her debut album and became the opening theme for the prime time show "Muñeca Brava" (1998-1999).


title: Natalia Oreiro

text: Album was ranked eighty-first in list of "Worldbeat Global Album Chart" and sold over 140,000 copies therefore received a double platinum disc in Argentina and gold disc in countries like Greece, Slovenia and Israel.


title: Natalia Oreiro

text: In 2000, her second studio album, "Tu Veneno" (Your Poison) was released and was presentation in "Gala de la Hispanidad", "Gala de Murcia" (both in Spain) and "Festival de la Calle 8" in Miami. She was nominated for Latin Grammy Awards, but lost to Christina Aguilera's "Mi Reflejo". Oreiro was first Uruguayan nominated for a Grammy. She was crowned Queen of that event at Viña del Mar Festival 2000 in Chile. 3rd music video of album "Cómo Te Olvido" (2001) was directed by Tudor Giurgiu in Dracula's Castle, Romania.


title: Natalia Oreiro

text: Oreiro's next and last album, "Turmalina", was released in 2002 and centered around a superhero character named Turmalina who is created by Oreiro. "Turmalina" was produced by Latin maker Kike Santander. The album was recorded in USA. "Que Digan Lo Que Quieran" (Should they say whatever they want) was first single from "Turmalina". "Cuesta Arriba, Cuesta Abajo" became the opening theme for soap opera "Kahorra". Natalia made contributions with singer/songwriter Jaime Roos and Falta y Resto for the official Uruguayan 2002 FIFA World Cup song "Pasión Celeste".


title: Chicory

text: Common chicory ("Cichorium intybus") is a somewhat woody, perennial herbaceous plant of the dandelion family Asteraceae. It usually has bright blue flowers, rarely white or pink.


title: Chicory

text: It is often used as a food plant, and often as a coffee substitute. Many varieties are cultivated for salad leaves, chicons (blanched buds), or roots. The roots of variety "sativum" are baked, ground, and used as a coffee substitute and food additive.


title: Chicory

text: In the 21st century, inulin, an extract from chicory root, has been used in food manufacturing as a sweetener and source of dietary fibre.


title: Chicory

text: Chicory is grown as a forage crop for livestock. It lives as a wild plant on roadsides in its native Europe, and is now common in North America, China, and Australia, where it has become widely introduced.


title: Chicory

text: "Chicory" is also the common name in the United States for curly endive ("Cichorium endivia"). These two closely related species are often confused.


title: Pope Pius VII

text: Pope Pius VII (; 14 August 1742 – 20 August 1823), born Barnaba Niccolò Maria Luigi Chiaramonti, was an Italian priest of the Roman Catholic Church and the 252nd Pope from 14 March 1800 to 20 August 1823.


title: Pope Pius VII

text: Chiaramonti was born at Cesena, the son of Count Scipione Chiaramonti. His mother, Giovanna was related to the Braschi family.


title: Pope Pius VII

text: In 1782, Pius VI made Brother Gregory Bishop of Tivoli, which is near Rome. Later, he became the Bishop of Imola.


title: Pope Pius VII

text: Pius VI raised Bishop Chiaramonte to the rank of Cardinal in 1785. The see (titular church) of Cardinal Chiaramonte was the Basilica of St. Callistus.


title: Pope Pius VII

text: Cardinal Chiaramonti was elected pope on March 14 1800; and he chose to be called Pius VII. He appointed Ercole Consalvi as his Secretary of State.


title: Pope Pius VII

text: Pius traveled from Rome to Paris to crown Napoleon as Emperor of the French in 1804. Before leaving Rome, he signed abdication papers which would take effect if he were put in prison in France. He was not put in prison; and he did not abdicate.


title: Pope Pius VII

text: Pius VII's monument (1831) in St. Peter's Basilica, Rome, is by the Danish sculptor Bertel Thorvaldsen.


title: Kurt Waldheim

text: Kurt Josef Waldheim (21 December 1918 – 14 June 2007) was an Austrian diplomat and conservative politician. He was Secretary-General of the United Nations from 1972 to 1981, and President of Austria from 1986 to 1992.


title: Thomas Sankara

text: Thomas Isidore Noël Sankara (; born 21 December 1949 – 15 October 1987) was a Burkinabé revolutionary. He was President of Burkina Faso from 1983 to 1987. He was a Marxist and pan-Africanist. His supporters viewed him as a charismatic and iconic figure of revolution. For this reason, he is sometimes called "Africa's Che Guevara".


title: Kurt Waldheim

text: Waldheim published an autobiography. During his campaign to become president in 1986, it became public that some statements in that biography were not true. These were about his past. Waldheim was an officer for Germany in the Second World War. He became an oberleutnant in the Wehrmacht. Waldheim acted in Operation Kozara in 1942 and this became very interesting. According to one post-war investigator, prisoners were often shot within only a few hundred meters of Waldheim's office and away at the Jasenovac concentration camp. Waldheim later said, "he did not know about the murder of civilians there".


title: Thomas Sankara

text: There was a coup in 1983, supported by the people. A number of revolutionaries seized power for Sankara, who was under house arrest at the time. Aged 33, Sankara became the President of the Republic of Upper Volta.


title: Kurt Waldheim

text: A commission of several historians looked at the issue. They decided Waldheim had behaved as he should have done. They said he had not committed any war crimes. However, in his role of an officer, he must have known about the deportation of about 40.000 Jews into concentration camps. These transports were against the law.


title: Thomas Sankara

text: He immediately launched programmes for social, ecological and economic change and renamed the country from the French colonial name Upper Volta to Burkina Faso ("Land of Incorruptible People"), with its people being called Burkinabé ("upright people"). His foreign policies were centred on anti-imperialism, with his government refusing all foreign aid, pushing for odious debt reduction, nationalising all land and mineral wealth and averting the power and influence of the International Monetary Fund and World Bank. His domestic policies were focused on preventing famine with agrarian self-sufficiency and land reform, prioritising education with a nationwide literacy campaign and promoting public health by vaccinating 2.5 million children against meningitis, yellow fever and measles.


title: Kurt Waldheim

text: In 1990, he had a success: Saddam Hussein held several foreigners as hostages at the start of the Second Gulf War. When Waldheim heard this, he went to Baghdad. Through talks he got Hussein to release the Austrian and the Swiss hostages. Both countries are neutral.


title: Thomas Sankara

text: His national agenda also included planting over 10 million trees to combat the growing desertification of the Sahel, redistributing land from feudal landlords to peasants, suspending rural poll taxes and domestic rents and establishing a road and railway construction programme. On the local level, Sankara called on every village to build a medical dispensary and had over 350 communities build schools with their own labour.


title: Thomas Sankara

text: Moreover, he made female genital mutilation, forced marriages and polygamy illegal. He appointed women to high governmental positions and encouraged them to work outside the home and stay in school, even if pregnant. Sankara encouraged the prosecution of officials accused of corruption, counter-revolutionaries and "lazy workers" in Popular Revolutionary Tribunals. As an admirer of the Cuban Revolution, Sankara set up Cuban-style Committees for the Defense of the Revolution.


title: Thomas Sankara

text: His revolutionary programmes for African self-reliance made him an icon to many of Africa's poor. Sankara remained popular with most of his country's citizens.


title: Thomas Sankara

text: However, his policies alienated and antagonised several groups, which included the small but powerful Burkinabé middle class; the tribal leaders who were stripped of their long-held traditional privileges of forced labour and tribute payments; and the governments of France and its ally the Ivory Coast.


title: Thomas Sankara

text: On 15 October 1987, Sankara was assassinated by troops led by Blaise Compaoré, who assumed leadership of the state shortly after having Sankara killed. A week before his assassination, Sankara declared: "While revolutionaries as individuals can be murdered, you cannot kill ideas".


title: Hypotenuse

text: The hypotenuse is the side opposite the 90 degrees angle in a right triangle. It is always the longest side.


title: Hypotenuse

text: In this triangle, if angle C is 90 degrees, then the opposite side, "c", is the hypotenuse. The hypotenuse is important in trigonometry, where it is used to calculate many functions.


title: Hypotenuse

text: The length of the hypotenuse can be calculated if the other two sides are known, using Pythagoras' Theorem. In fact, the length of any side of a right triangle can be calculated if the other two sides are known, using this theorem.


title: George Stephenson

text: George Stephenson (9 June 1781 12 August 1848) was an English civil engineer and mechanical engineer. He built the first public railway line in the world to use steam locomotives. He is known as the "Father of Railways". George was born in Wylam, which is in Northumberland.


title: George Stephenson

text: Stephenson's rail gauge of 4 feet 8½ inches (1,435 mm), sometimes called the "Stephenson gauge", is the standard gauge for most of the world's railways. He also invented a miner's safety lamp, which was widely used in the north of England.


title: The Starry Night

text: The Starry Night is a famous painting of a moonlit sky with stars in it by Vincent van Gogh. It was painted in 1889. It was one of the last paintings he made.


title: Sundarbans

text: The Sundarbans is the largest single block of tidal halophytic mangrove forest in the world. The Sunderbans is a UNESCO World Heritage Site covering parts of Khulna Division of Bangladesh.


title: Sundarbans

text: The Sundarbans National Park is a National Park, Tiger Reserve, and a biosphere reserve. It is in the Sundarbans delta in the Indian state of West Bengal. This region is covered by mangrove forests. It is one of the largest reserves for the Bengal tiger.


title: Treaty of Lausanne

text: The Treaty of Lausanne was signed in 1923, after Turkey had won the Greco-Turkish War in 1919 to 1922. It settles the border between Greece and Turkey and the other borders of Turkey. Other countries that signed the treaty were Italy, France, the United Kingdom, Japan and Yugoslavia.


title: Treaty of Lausanne

text: Greece and Turkey still have disputes that are often focused on the question over the country that owns islands and rocks, most of which are uninhabited, in the Aegean Sea. In 1987 and 1996, those disputes almost led to military conflict.


title: Elliptical galaxy

text: An elliptical galaxy is a galaxy having an ellipsoidal shape, and a smooth, nearly featureless brightness profile. They are one of the three main types of galaxy originally described by Edwin Hubble in 1936. The others are spiral and lenticular galaxies.


title: Elliptical galaxy

text: Elliptical galaxies range in shape from nearly spherical to nearly flat, (E7, one of the flattest types of elliptical galaxies is cigar-shaped) and in size from hundreds of millions to over one trillion stars. Originally, Edwin Hubble thought that elliptical galaxies may evolve into spiral galaxies, but this turned out to be false. Stars found inside elliptical galaxies are much older (and cooler; thus redder) than stars found in spiral galaxies.


title: Elliptical galaxy

text: Most elliptical galaxies are composed of older, low-mass stars, with a sparse interstellar medium and minimal (or no)star formation activity. They tend to be surrounded by large numbers of globular clusters. Elliptical galaxies are believed to make up approximately 10–15% of galaxies in the Virgo Supercluster, but are not the dominant type of galaxy in the universe overall. They are usually found close to the centers of galaxy clusters.


title: Elliptical galaxy

text: Elliptical galaxies and lenticular galaxies are also called "early-type" galaxies (ETG), due to their position in the Hubble sequence. They are less common in the early Universe, that is, in galaxies further away from us.


title: Monorail

text: A monorail is like a train. Trains have two sets of wheels that balance on a railway track, but monorails balance on one rail. Monorails are often transport people around cities. Some monorails and trains use magnets to hover on their rails. They are called maglev trains. This reduces friction between the train and the rail. The first monorail was invented in the 19th century. The monorail has a different wheel system than other trains. Instead of being on the rail, it goes beside the rails. Monorails are usually complicated and expensive, so most places do not have them.


title: Margay

text: The Margay ("Leopardus wiedii") is a spotted cat native to the Americas. It is a solitary and nocturnal animal which prefers remote parts of the rainforest.


title: Pahlavi dynasty

text: The Pahlavi dynasty (Persian: سلسله پهلوی) is the last Iranian royal dynasty, ruling for almost 54 years between 1925 and 1979. The dynasty was founded by Reza Shah, a Mazanderani soldier. The dynasty took on the name of the Pahlavi language spoken in the pre-Islamic Sasanian Empire in order to strengthen his nationalist credentials.


title: Margay

text: The margay is mostly nocturnal. It eats small mammals (sometimes including monkeys), birds, eggs, lizards and tree frogs. The margay is able to hunt its prey entirely in trees. However, they do sometimes hunt on the ground, and have been reported to eat cane rats and guinea pigs.


title: Pahlavi dynasty

text: The dynasty was founded by Reza Shah of Mazanderani descent. Reza's father was a Mazanderani, commissioned in the 7th Savadkuh Regiment, and served in the Siege of Herat in 1856. His mother was a Georgian Muslim immigrant from Georgia (then part of the Russian Empire).


title: Margay

text: There is a report of a margay using sound mimicry to lure a prey. A margay was seen to imitate the call of an infant pied tamarin while in the presence of a group of adult tamarins. This caused the adults to investigate. Although the margay was not successful in catching a monkey, this was the first observation of a Neotropical predator using this type of mimicry.


title: Pahlavi dynasty

text: The Pahlavi regime established by Reza Shah was a secular, nationalism, militarist and anti-communist regime. Although he himself was of Mazanderani descent, his government carried out an extensive policy of Persianization trying to create a single, united and largely homogeneous nation, similar to Mustafa Kemal Atatürk's policy of Turkification in Turkey after the fall of the Ottoman Empire. After the Reza Shah, his son Mohammad Reza Shah took his place. Finally, the dynasty came to an end with the Iranian revolution.


title: Margay

text: Margays are mainly nocturnal, but they do sometimes hunt during the day. They prefer to spend most of their life in the trees, but also travel across the ground, especially when moving between hunting areas. During the day, they rest in safe branches or clumps of lianas.


title: Margay

text: Like most cats, they are solitary: the adults usually meet only to mate. They have large home ranges of . They use scent to mark their territory (urine spraying) and leave scratch marks on the ground or on branches. Their vocalisations are short range: they do not call to each other over long distances.


title: Margay

text: The margay is one of only two cat species with ankles flexible enough to climb head-first down trees. The other is the clouded leopard; the little-studied marbled cat may also have this ability.


title: Margay

text: The margay is very agile; its ankles can turn up to 180 degrees, it can grasp branches equally well with its fore and hind paws, and it is able to jump up to horizontally. The margay has been seen to hang from branches with only one foot, and can run upside down beneath branches.


title: Margay

text: Although once thought to be vulnerable to extinction, the IUCN now lists it as only "near threatened". It roams the rainforests from Mexico to Argentina. Actually, it is a successful and widespread species. It has ten subspecies over a large geographical range from Mexico to Argentina. Its past range even included the southern United States.


title: Margay

text: They are hunted mainly for their fur and this has resulted in a large population decrease - around 14,000 are killed a year. They also suffer from a loss of habitat, which is also a significant part of this decline.


title: Eric Bana

text: Eric Bana (born Eric Banadinović on 9 August 1968) is an Australian actor. He was a comedian for a long time, and he was in a show called "The Comedy Company". He then became a serious actor in the movie "Chopper" which is a biopic of criminal Chopper Read. His careerstarted with the sketch series "Full Frontal." He became known for his role in the comedy drama "The Castle" (1997). Bana also acted in the movies "Troy" and "Hulk".


title: Imago

text: In entomology, the imago is the last stage in the development of an insect. In an incomplete metamorphosis it comes after the last ecdysis. If the metamorphosis is complete, it comes after emergence from the pupa. This is the only stage where the insect is sexually mature and (if a winged species) has functional wings. The imago is often referred to as the "adult stage".


title: Department store

text: A department store is a store that sells many different products. It does not sell the products of only one company, as some other stores do. In a department store a person can usually buy clothing, furniture, electronics, and sometimes paint, hardware, toiletries, cosmetics, photographic equipment, jewellery, toys, and Sports equipment. Department stores are often upmarket places.


title: Mogi das Cruzes

text: Mogi das Cruzes is an Brazilian municipality in the state of São Paulo. 450,785 people lived here in 2020 and has an area of 713 km². It is 40 km to the east of the city of São Paulo. It was founded in 1560 by the bandeirantes.


title: Department store

text: Some department stores sell products cheaper than other stores. They are then called discount department stores.


title: Condiment

text: A condiment is a prepared food that is put to other food, to make the food better or taste different. It usually is in the form of a sauce or a powder. Salt and pepper are examples of well-known condiments. Ketchup, mustard, relish, mayonnaise, horseradish, soy sauce and Worcestershire sauce are also well-known condiments.


title: Textual criticism

text: Textual criticism is the study of different copies of books or manuscripts. The purpose is to find the original, and see what changes were made to the later versions.


title: Western Front (World War I)

text: The Western Front was started by the German Army invading Luxembourg and Belgium at the beginning of World War I in 1914 and gaining military control of many important industrial regions in France. Its quick advance was stopped by the Battle of the Marne. Both sides then dug defensive trenches, which eventually reached from the North Sea to the Swiss border with France.


title: Textual criticism

text: Textual criticism started with the study of the Bible, but now these techniques are used to study many texts.


title: Western Front (World War I)

text: From 1915 to 1917, many offensives were started from the trenches. Both sides used large numbers of artillery and thousands of infantry in the offensives. However, a combination of entrenchments, machine gun nests, barbed wire, and artillery stopped the advances. No major breakthroughs happened.


title: Textual criticism

text: The lack of autograph manuscripts applies to many cultures other than Greek and Roman. In such a situation, a key objective becomes the identification of the first "exemplar" before any split in the tradition. That exemplar is known as the "archetype". "If we succeed in establishing the text of [the archetype], the reconstruction of the original is considerably advanced".


title: Western Front (World War I)

text: New military technology, like poison gas, aircraft, and tanks were developed to try and get through the lines of trenches.


title: Textual criticism

text: The textual critic's ultimate objective is the production of a "critical edition". This contains a text most closely approximating the original, which is accompanied by a critical apparatus that presents:


title: Western Front (World War I)

text: The deadlock was caused mostly by both sides not allowing any piece of land to give some kind of advantage to the enemy, even if there was little advantage. As the war continued, and more blood was lost on both sides, the soldiers grew tired of war and had begun to make large threats to the government.


title: Western Front (World War I)

text: To keep the war effort going, the governments began to say that they would kill soldiers who did not attack and that the soldiers betrayed the army if they did not fight.


title: Grand Duchess Olga Nikolaevna of Russia

text: Grand Duchess Olga Nikolaevna of Russia (Olga Nikolaevna Romanova) (; , November 16 after 1900 – July 17, 1918) was the oldest daughter of Tsar Nicholas II of Russia, the last sovereign of Imperial Russia, and his wife Alexandra Fyodorovna.


title: Béchamel sauce

text: Béchamel sauce ( in English, in French, in Italian), also known as white sauce, is a basic mother sauce. It can be used to make other sauces, such as Mornay sauce, which is Béchamel and cheese. This basic sauce is usually made today by whisking scalded milk gradually into a white flour-butter "roux" (equal part clarified butter and flour), though it can also be made by whisking a kneaded flour-butter beurre manié into scalded milk. The thickness of the final sauce depends on the proportions of milk and flour. Escoffier adds salt and an onion stuck with a clove.


title: Grand Duchess Olga Nikolaevna of Russia

text: Olga's future marriage was the subject of much speculation inside Russia while she was alive. There were stories about matches with Grand Duke Dmitri Pavlovich of Russia, Crown Prince Carol of Romania, Edward, Prince of Wales, eldest son of Britain's George V, and with Crown Prince Alexander of Serbia. Olga wanted to marry a Russian and stay in her home country. During World War I, Olga nursed wounded soldiers at a military hospital until she became ill herself. After that, she managed administrative duties at the hospital.


title: Grand Duchess Olga Nikolaevna of Russia

text: Olga was murdered with her family on July 17, 1918 by the Bolshevik secret police. The Russian Orthodox Church canonized her as a passion bearer after her death. Later, many people falsely claimed to be surviving members of the royal family. A woman named Marga Boodts claimed to be Grand Duchess Olga, but she was not taken seriously. Historians believe that Olga was killed with her family at Ekaterinburg. Her remains were identified through DNA testing. They were buried in a funeral ceremony in 1998 at Peter and Paul Cathedral in St. Petersburg with those of her parents and two of her sisters.


title: Grand Duchess Olga Nikolaevna of Russia

text: Olga's sisters were Grand Duchesses Tatiana, Maria, and Anastasia. She also had a brother, Tsarevich Alexei of Russia. Olga’s title ("Velikaya Knyazhna" Великая Княжна) is best translated as "Grand Princess". This meant that Olga, as an "Imperial Highness", was higher in rank than other Princesses in Europe who were "Royal Highnesses". "Grand Duchess" became the most well-known translation of the title into English from Russian. Olga's friends and family usually called her simply Olga Nikolaevna. They also called her "Olishka" or "Olya". Queen Victoria was her great-grandmother. Olga was very close to her sister Tatiana. They shared a room, dressed similarly, and were known as "The Big Pair". The younger sisters, Maria and Anastasia, were known as "The Little Pair".


title: Grand Duchess Olga Nikolaevna of Russia

text: Olga was known for her compassion and kindness from when she was young. But she also had a quick temper and often spoke what she thought plainly. Once, when she was a small child, she became impatient while posing for a portrait painter and told him, "You are a very ugly man and I don't like you one bit!" Pierre Gilliard, her French teacher, said that when he first saw Olga when she was 10 years old, she was "very fair, and with sparkling, mischievous examined me with a look which seemed from the first moment to be searching for the weak point in my armor, but there was something so pure and frank (truthful) about the child that one liked her straight off."


title: Grand Duchess Olga Nikolaevna of Russia

text: The Tsar's children lived very simply. They slept on hard camp cots without pillows when they were healthy. This tradition had been started in the rule of Catherine the Great when she first made her grandson Alexander do so. They took cold baths in the morning, and had to clean their rooms and do needlework. Most people living with them, including servants, usually called the Grand Duchess by her first name, Olega Nikolaevna, instead of her title or "Her Imperial Highness". However, once on a visit to a museum where state carriages were displayed, Olga ordered one of the servants to prepare the largest and most beautiful carriage for her daily drive. She was not obeyed. She also felt oldest children should be respected. When she was told the Biblical story of Joseph, she felt sorry for the older brothers instead of Joseph. She also sympathized with Goliath rather than David in the story of David and Goliath. Olga loved reading. Unlike her sisters, she also liked school work. Pierre Gilliard said that Olga had a very "quick brain", with "good reasoning powers" and "a very independent manner, and a gift for swift (quick) and entertaining (funny) repartee (replies)." She enjoyed reading about politics in newspapers. Olga also liked choosing books from what her mother read. When she was found reading a book before her mother had read it, Olga joked that her mother must wait until Olga had made sure that it was a proper book for her to read.


title: File format

text: File formats are also known as file types. A computer stores data in a computer file in the shape of a file format. For example: images are stored in a different shape than music files.


title: Spin-off

text: A spin-off is something new that comes from something already present. If military technology finds civilian use, for example, that is one kind of spin-off. It is often used for video games, movies, and television programmes, but it can also be used when talking about companies or organisations. A spin-off may have the same people, places, themes or ideas as the original.


title: File format

text: Also, most types of data (for example text, image or sound) have many varieties of file formats, all with their own special strengths and weaknesses.


title: File format

text: There are, for example, more than five ways to store text as a file. Two of the most known ways are: the plain ".txt" format and the simplest of the "HTML" formats. The difference is that a .txt file can only store a sequence of characters but an HTML file can also store links to other files and the formatting of the text, for example whether the text is bold, underlined or italic (but usually HTML should say whether the text is very important, a link, or not very important; whether important text should be bold, italic or red is then specified using a file in a special format called CSS).


title: File format

text: There is often a choice between saving a file in a simpler versus a more complex file format. The simpler format will make a smaller file, but store less information. The more complex file format will usually be a larger file and more difficult to use, but can store more information; sometimes a faster computer might be needed in order to use a more complex file format.


title: File format

text: File formats made for commercial proprietary software are sometimes a secret, so that people who do not work in the company which made the proprietary software cannot use their own and others' files in the format without buying their software. That action is called vendor lock-in, and can be used to make a monopoly. Because of that, it is sometimes a crime.


title: Megalosaurus

text: Megalosaurus was a large meat-eating theropod dinosaur of the Middle Jurassic of Europe. It was found in 1824, and was the earliest dinosaur named. In 1827, Gideon Mantell included "Megalosaurus" in his geological survey of southeastern England. He gave the species its name, "Megalosaurus bucklandii".


title: Megalosaurus

text: Because a complete skeleton of it has never been found, much is still unclear about its build. The first naturalists who investigated Megalosaurus thought it was a gigantic lizard of twenty metres length. In 1842 Richard Owen concluded that it was no longer than nine metres, standing on upright legs as a quadruped.


title: Megalosaurus

text: Later it was realised that all theropods were bipedal. Today is known that the early proto-dinosaurs in the late Middle Triassic were also bipedal. Certainly "Eoraptor", from 231.4 million years ago, was bipedal. That means the dinosaurs were bipedal from the start (primatively bipedal). Only the heavier sauropods and armoured dinosaurs became quadrupedal, standing on all four legs.


title: Simplified molecular input line entry specification

text: The simplified molecular input line entry specification or SMILES is a line notation for the chemical structure of molecules. It uses a short series ASCII characters to represent structures. Most molecule editor computer programs can draw a two-dimensional diagram or a three-dimensional model of a molecule based on its SMILES code.


title: Goodreads

text: Goodreads is a free database of books, authors, and book reviews. In December 2007, it had 10,000,000 books in its database.


text: Arthur Weininger and David Weininger wrote the original SMILES specification in the late 1980s. It has since been modified and extended by others, including by Daylight Chemical Information Systems Inc. In 2007, the Blue Obelisk open-source chemistry community developed an open standard called "OpenSMILES".


text: In July 2006, the IUPAC introduced the InChI as a standard line notation for representing chemical structures. People think that it is easier for humans to understand SMILES than InChI. Some chemists argue that SMILES is better than InChI because many different software programs support it. SMILES also has theoretical (for example, graph theory) backing.


text: SMILES can be converted back to 2-dimensional representations using Structure Diagram Generation algorithms. This conversion can sometimes be ambiguous. Because SMILES just says which atoms are connected without any information about the angles between chemical bonds, computer programs use energy minimization to convert SMILES to 3-dimensional representations. There are many downloadable and web-based conversion utilities.


title: Deaths in 2017

text: The following is a list of notable deaths in 2017. For notable deaths for a selective month during the year, please see "Months". Per month, names under each date are reported in alphabetical order by last name or pseudonym. Deaths of non-humans are reported here also if notable.


title: María Félix

text: María de los Ángeles Félix Güereña ( (8 April 1914 – 8 April 2002) was a Mexican actress and singer. She was known for the title role of "Doña Bárbara" (1943). She appeared in almost 50 movies made in Mexico, Spain, France, Italy and Argentina.


title: Fight or flight response

text: The fight-or-flight response (or acute stress response) is a set of physiological changes that occur when an animal is threatened. The changes include increased heart rate, breathing rate and blood pressure.


title: Fight or flight response

text: This response was first described by W.B Cannon. He found that animals react to threats with a general discharge of the sympathetic nervous system. This leads to changes such as those mentioned above. The changes prepare the animal for fighting or fleeing. This response is the first stage of a general adaptation that regulates stress responses among vertebrates and other organisms.


title: Fight or flight response

text: The fight or flight response lets animals respond quickly to threats. This system is universal in vertebrates. That shows it is ancient in origin, and very important.