title: Khatumo State

text: Khaatumo or Khaatumo State of Somalia is an unrecognised Federal Member State of Somalia established in 2012. It is next to Somaliland to the west, Federal Republic of Ethiopia to the south and Puntland to the east. In 1991, when Somalia's government collapsed, the government of Khatumo was called NSUM. NSUM stands for National Somali Unionist Movement. In the next decade, it used to be called Northland State. Northland State areas were the areas claimed by the Khaatumo government. The name Khaatumo means "positive agreement". This name was chosen after local Dhulbahante clan leaders all agreed on creating the state in 2012.


title: Khatumo State

text: Most residents belong to the Dhulbahante tribe. Most Khatumites speak Somali. English and Arabic is also spoken and taught in schools. Khatumite media uses Standard Somali. Most Khatumites are Muslim. There are also other Harti clan members who live in the area.


title: Manuel Ferrara

text: Manuel Jeannin (; born 1 November 1975), known professionally as Manuel Ferrara, is a French-American pornographic actor and director. He was born in Le Raincy, France. He is one of the best known pornographic actors. Ferrara has won over 64 adult industry awards. His career began in 1997.


title: Manuel Ferrara

text: Ferrara became close with pornographic actor Rocco Siffredi, who helped him get a role in his first American porno "Fashionistas". He later appeared in "".


title: Manuel Ferrara

text: In 2012, he began a relationship with pornographic actress Kayden Kross. They have one daughter. He was married to actress Dana Vespoli from 2005 and they divorced in 2012. They had three children.


title: What Goes On (Beatles song)

text: "What Goes On" is a song by English rock band the Beatles. It was first released on the band's 1965 album "Rubber Soul". It was also released as the B-side for the 1966 North American single "Nowhere Man". It also was on the North American album "Yesterday and Today". It was the only song John Lennon, Paul McCartney, and Ringo Starr wrote together.


title: Jim Harbaugh

text: Jim Harbaugh (born December 23, 1963) is an American football coach and former player. He is now the head coach of the Michigan Wolverines, the team representing the University of Michigan. Before returning to Michigan, where he had played in college, he had coached the San Francisco 49ers of the National Football League. Harbaugh is also a former NFL quarterback.


title: 2022 Atlantic hurricane season

text: The 2022 Atlantic hurricane season was an average season in terms of named storms, but slightly-below average in terms of Accumulated Cyclone Energy points. The season officially began on June 1, 2022, and ended on November 30, 2022. These dates, adopted by convention, historically describe the period each year when most Atlantic tropical cyclones form. The 2022 season was the first season since 2014 not to feature a pre-season storm.


title: Jim Harbaugh

text: Harbaugh was previously a quarterback in the NFL, and had a mediocre playing career in the 1990s. After his playing days were over, Harbaugh became a coach. He was notably the head coach of the Stanford Cardinal in college football. Harbaugh was known for his energetic style. He was then hired by the San Francisco 49ers of the NFL to be their head coach.


title: Jim Harbaugh

text: In a game against the Detroit Lions (49ers win), a postgame handshake made national news. In the game, Harbaugh challenged a scoring play. However, under NFL rules, scoring plays are always reviewed. Detroit coach Jim Schwartz reportedly screamed a curse. After San Francisco won, the coaches went to midfield to shake hands. However, Schwartz accused Harbaugh of "smacking his back and shaking his hand too hard." Shartz chased Harbaugh down the field, and they had to be separated. This is often called "The Handshake Game."


title: Jim Harbaugh

text: Harbaugh later led the San Francisco 49ers to the NFC Championship. He won the NFL Coach of the Year award for taking a struggling team (and quarterback, in Alex Smith) and taking them deep into the playoffs. Jim also adopted a chant used by his father. It has regularly been referenced in the 49ers' locker rooms. It goes: ""Whooo's" got it better than us?" Answer: "Nooooobody!"


title: Jim Harbaugh

text: He left the 49ers after the 2014 NFL season and returned to Michigan as the Wolverines' new head coach.


title: Jim Harbaugh

text: Jim Harbaugh is part of the famous Harbaugh coaching tree that includes father Jack Harbaugh and older brother John Harbaugh.


title: Qi Xin

text: Qi Xin (; born 3 November 1926) is a Communist Party of China member, writer and educator. She was born in Gaoyang County, Hebei. She has written many articles on her husband Xi Zhongxun. She is the mother of Xi Jinping, current General Secretary of the Communist Party of China.


title: Qi Xin

text: Qi visited provincial and county-level schools set-up by the communist government as a consultant. It has been suggested that this position provided her family with relatively good protection during the Cultural Revolution.


title: Irish State Coach

text: The Irish State Coach is a carriage used by the British monarch to ride from Buckingham Palace to the Palace of Westminster to open Parliament. It was built in 1851 by the Lord Mayor of Dublin. It is enclosed. It was damaged by fire in 1911. It was restored in 1989 by the Royal Mews carriage restorers. The outside is blue and black with golden-colored decoration. The inside is covered in blue damask (a cloth). It is driven from the box seat using four horses. It is kept in the Royal Mews. It can be seen by the public.


title: Philippe Bond

text: Philippe Bond (born 28 June 1979) is a Canadian comedian and radio host. He is from Quebec. Bond co-hosts the morning radio program "C't'encore drôle", on the radio station NRJ. In 2011, he was chosen to host a version of the game show "The Price is Right" in Montreal.


title: Philippe Bond

text: Bond has been described as a good storyteller because he always tells several anecdotes. Through his comedy, he shows to everyone that it is sometimes in the most innocuous situations that people find the funniest facts of everyday life.


title: Philippe Bond

text: Bond graduated from the École nationale de l'humour in 2002. He debuted on Radio Energy Hull / CKTF. He quickly started work doing comedy shows in Quebec. He appeared in several comedy festivals. Since 2002, he has appeared in the "Grand rire de Québec", "Just for Laughs" festival, the Fou rire de Sherbrooke, in Montreal High Lights Festival and in many corporate events. In 2007, he worked with Louis-José Houde in the first part of his new show "Suivre la parade".


title: Philippe Bond

text: He won the trophy for the 14th edition of the "Gala les Oliviers" in 2012. This is the biggest award chosen by the public in the "Gala" which took place on Radio Canada.


title: Occupational Safety and Health

text: Occupational Safety and Health is a set of laws that have been made to protect the health and the safety of people when they are working. Health and safety rules will vary a lot from one country to another. Some countries have very strict rules. Rules about Health and Safety have been made since 1950 when the International Labour Organization (ILO) and the World Health Organization (WHO) agreed about standards of health in the workplace.


title: Occupational Safety and Health

text: Health and safety laws will deal with such things as: the temperature in the workplace (it must not be too hot or too cold), things on the floor that people could fall over, or things that could catch on their clothing and cause an accident, smoking in the workplace and other things that might cause pollution or which might be fire hazards, how many toilets per person there should be, whether they need safety equipment (e.g. hard hats in case anything falls on their heads), whether it is safe for a person to be left alone in the workplace, the rights of disabled people, how many hours in the day people can work for etc.


title: Occupational Safety and Health

text: Businesses that do not obey health and safety regulations may be punished (e.g. with a fine or forced to close), or they may be held responsible if there is an accident.


title: Occupational Safety and Health

text: In the European Union, member states have authorities which make sure that people obey the health and safety laws. In the UK, health and safety legislation is made by the Health and Safety Executive and local authorities (the local council) under the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974.


title: Occupational Safety and Health

text: In the United States, the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 created both the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA).


title: Occupational Safety and Health

text: No one can ever be said to be absolutely safe, and employers have to fill in “risk assessments” (UK) or “hazard assessments” (USA) to show they have done everything they can to make things safe.


title: Nigel Havers

text: Nigel Allan Havers (born 6 November 1951) is an English actor. He was born in London. His most recent movie role was Edward Vanderman II in the 2006 movie "Penelope".


title: Nigel Havers

text: Havers was known for his role as Lord Andrew Lindsay in the 1981 British movie "Chariots of Fire" and for the role as Tom Latimer in the British TV comedy series "Don't Wait Up".


title: Nigel Havers

text: Havers also played the role of Lewis Archer in "Coronation Street" from 2009 to 2010. He returned to the role in 2012 and left again in February 2013. He will return to the role again in 2018.


title: Thomas Heatherwick

text: Thomas Heatherwick (born 17th February 1970) is an English designer and artist. He is known for innovative use of engineering and materials in public monuments and sculptures. He heads the Heatherwick Studio, which he founded in 1994.


title: Thomas Heatherwick

text: Born in London, he studied three dimensional design at Manchester Polytechnic and at the Royal College of Art, winning several prizes. Shortly after graduating from the Royal College of Art after a two-year furniture MA course in 1994, he was commissioned by Harvey Nichols department store in Knightsbridge to design a temporary structure for the shop's facade. His design was a ribbon of laminated wood that wound through the storefront windows. The design was widely acclaimed and won him a D&AD yellow pencil (the gold award) in 1997.


title: Thomas Heatherwick

text: He founded Thomas Heatherwick Studio (now called just Heatherwick Studio) in 1994. His aim was "to bring architecture, design and sculpture together within a single practice". Originally based at Camden Mews, the studio moved to larger premises in Kings Cross in 2000. It presently comprises a thirty-strong team which includes architects, landscape architects, designers and engineers. Work is carried out from a combined studio and workshop where concept development, detailing, prototyping and small scale fabrication take place. The studio's work spans commercial and residential building projects, masterplanning and infrastructure schemes as well as high profile works of public art.


title: Thomas Heatherwick

text: Heatherwick is a Senior Fellow and external examiner at the Royal College of Art. He is a fellow of the Royal Academy and was recently chosen to become a Royal Designer for Industry. He has served on numerous judging and advisory panels and has given talks at various institutions including the RIBA, Bartlett School of Architecture, the South Africa Design Indaba conference and the Royal Academy.


title: Thomas Heatherwick

text: In 2004 he curated an exhibition at the Design Museum consisting of 1,000 'every day' design objects that he had collected.


title: Thomas Heatherwick

text: The "B of the Bang" was a £1.42 million 56m-high sculpture of 180 giant spikes, erected outside the City of Manchester Stadium to celebrate the 2002 Commonwealth Games. Safety problems happened soon after it was completed in 2004 when one spike came apart. Eventually 22 more were removed as a safety measure. The object was rewelded and fenced off. It continued to cause concern and debate over its future. Finally Manchester City Council took legal action against Heatherwick studio and their subcontractors, who in November 2008 agreed to pay £1.7 million in damages. The installation was removed in 2009.


title: Thomas Heatherwick

text: The 'East Beach Café' is a building on Littlehampton Sea Front, West Sussex, UK created by Heatherwick. Commissioned in 2005, the large steel structure houses a Café by daytime and restaurant in the evening. The concept allowed the steel to rust and the colours to develop over time before being fixed in a transparent oil. It won the 2008 RIBA Award in the South East region.


title: Thomas Heatherwick

text: Thomas Heatherwick was awarded an Honorary Degree of Doctor of Arts by Manchester Metropolitan University - his alma mater - on July 21, 2007. It is in recognition of his design work across a broad spectrum of architecture, engineering and public art, achieving national and international acclaim for his innovative use of materials, his eclectic range of projects, and the resolution of them in new and exciting ways.


title: Isère

text: Isère is a département in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in eastern France named after the Isère river.


title: Isère

text: Isère is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790 with Moirans as its capital. It was formed from part of the former province of "Dauphiné".


title: Isère

text: It was divided in four districts: Grenoble, Saint-Marcellin, La Tour-du-Pin and Vienne. The capital was transfered in 1790 from Moirans to Grenoble.


title: Isère

text: In 1800, with the creation of the "arrondissements" in France, the four districts were changed into four "arrondissements": Grenoble, Saint-Marcellin, La Tour-du-Pin and Vienne.


title: Isère

text: The main rivers that flow through the department are the Rhône and its tributaries Isère and Bourbre.


title: Isère

text: The Köppen climate classification type for the climate at Grenoble is an "Oceanic climate" (also known as Maritime Temperate climate) and of the subtype Cfb.


title: Isère

text: Isère is managed by the "Departmental Council of Isère" in Grenoble. The department is part of the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region.


title: Isère

text: There are 4 "arrondissements" (districts), 17 "cantons" and 281 "communes" (municipalities) in Isère.


title: Isère

text: The following is a list of the 29 cantons of the Isère department (with their INSEE codes), following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015:


title: Isère

text: Isère had a population, in 2014, of 1,243,597, for a population density of inhabitants/km. The "arrondissement" of Grenoble, with 758,956 inhabitants, is the "arrondissement" with more inhabitants.


The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring is a 2001 fantasy epic movie directed by Peter Jackson, serving as the first part to the "Lord of the Rings" trilogy. It got nominated for 14 Academy Awards.


title: Conjunctivitis

text: Conjunctivitis (also known as pinkeye) is a medical condition when the "Conjunctiva" (a transparent membrane that lines the outer eye, and inner part of the eyelid) becomes inflamed. The cause of conjunctivitis can be either bacterial or viral infection.


title: San Gimignano

text: San Gimignano is a small hill town in the province of Siena, Tuscany, Italy. San Gimignano is famous for the medieval towers, and for the wine, called "Vernaccia di San Gimignano".


title: John Napier

text: John Napier (he also signed as Neper, and Nepair) 1550 – 4 April 1617) was a Scottish landowner, nicknamed "Marvellous Merchiston". He was a mathematician, physicist, and astronomer. He was the 8th Laird of Merchiston. His Latinized name was Ioannes Neper.


title: San Gimignano

text: San Gimignano was founded as a small village in about 1300 BC by the Etruscans. The city is named after Saint Geminianus, who defended it from Attila the Hun in the mid 5th century.


title: John Napier

text: John Napier is best known as the discoverer of logarithms and Napier's constant. He also invented the so-called "Napier's bones" and made common the use of the decimal point in arithmetic and mathematics.


title: San Gimignano

text: In medieval and Renaissance times, it was a stopping point for pilgrims on their way to Rome and the Vatican as it sits on the medieval via Francigena.


title: San Gimignano

text: There are many churches in the town: the two main ones are the "Collegiata", a cathedral, and "Sant'Agostino".


title: San Gimignano

text: The Communal Palace is now the home of San Gimignano Gallery. Hhere there are works by Pinturicchio, Benozzo Gozzoli, Filippino Lippi, Domenico di Michelino, Pier Francesco Fiorentino, and others.


title: San Gimignano

text: The heart of the town contains the four squares, "Piazza della Cisterna", "Piazza Duomo", "Piazza Pecori", and "Piazza delle Erbe".


title: San Gimignano

text: "Tea with Mussolini", a 1999 drama about English and American women in Italy during World War II, was filmed in part at San Gimignano.


title: Mill (grinding)

text: A grinding mill is a tool that is designed to break a solid material into smaller pieces. There are many different types of grinding mills and many types of materials processed in them.


title: Mill (grinding)

text: Small mills can be powered by hand, such as a mortar and pestle or a pepper grinder. Large grinding mills were usually powered by working animals, wind (windmill) or water (watermill) in the past. In the 2000s, most large grinding mills are powered by electricity.


title: Mill (grinding)

text: People who need to grind a small amount of a food, such as spices or grain, for their own cooking often use a hand-powered mortar and pestle or a hand-powered grinder, such as a pepper grinder. In the 2000s, many people also used electric-powered grinding mills. These kitchen appliances have a metal blade that grinds the food into small pieces. Electric-powered grinding mills are often used for grinding nuts or coffee.


title: Mill (grinding)

text: For thousands of years, humans have ground their grains (such as wheat or corn) into flour using grain mills powered by animals (such as oxen or horses), wind (windmills) or by running water from a stream or river (watermill). In the 2000s, most grain mills are powered by electricity.


title: Mill (grinding)

text: After grinding the state of the solid is changed: the grain size, and the grain shape. Also, there may be more or less crushing.


title: Mill (grinding)

text: For process engineering, several things are important: increasing the surface area of the solid; making the solid have wanted grain size; and pulping the material to the desired state (squishing it).


title: ITunes

text: iTunes is a media player made by Apple. It came out on January 10, 2001, at the Macworld Expo in San Francisco. iTunes is used for playing and sorting music and video files. It also lets users see and change what is on their iPod or iPhone.


title: ITunes

text: iTunes is a free download for Mac OS X and Microsoft Windows from Apple's website. The download is also included with QuickTime, a program used to play videos. It also comes with all Apple Macintosh computers, and some HP and Dell computers. However, on 3 Jun 2019, Apple announced that iTunes would not be available on macOS Catalina.


title: ITunes

text: The iTunes Store is an online store built into iTunes. iTunes can connect to the iTunes Store if there is an internet connection to buy and download music, music videos, television shows, iPod games, audiobooks, podcasts, and movies. The files from the iTunes Store used to use Digital Rights Management (DRM) to prevent piracy. However, iTunes now sells music and videos called iTunes Plus, which are higher quality and have no DRM.


title: ITunes

text: Some singers and bands do not have most of their music on iTunes yet: The KLF, Garth Brooks, Bob Seger, Def Leppard, King Crimson and Tool.


title: ITunes

text: For a long time, you could not get music by The Beatles on iTunes due to a legal conflict between Apple Inc. and Apple Records. Starting in November 2010, you can now get music by the Beatles. It is very popular nowadays. There is a lot of advertisement by Apple for Beatles music.


title: ITunes

text: Bill Kincaid had developed SoundJamMP which was released later in the year of 1999. It was later renamed iTunes which was then purchased by Apple in 2000.


title: ITunes

text: As SoundJam was being worked on throughout the years, the interface of the site was changed to make it easier for people to understand how to use it. And added the ability to burn CDs, and removed its recording feature and skin support.


title: ITunes

text: On January 9, 2001, iTunes 1.0 was released at Macworld San Francisco. Macintosh users immediately began to dig through iTunes’s resource fork where they discovered that there were so many other strings and other resources that indicated iTunes was a re-engineered SoundJam MP. Casady & Greene ceased distribution of SoundJam MP on June 1, 2001 at the request of the developers.


title: Jessica Chastain

text: Jessica Michelle Chastain (born March 17, 1986) is an American actress. She is ranked as one of the "Time" 100 most influential people in 2012.


title: Goguryeo

text: Goguryeo is a dynasty of ancient Korea which was begun by Jumong () in 37 BC. It was started in the area near the Dongga River, a branch of the Abrok River. Jolbon was the capital city founded by Jumong.


title: Goguryeo

text: The legend of the nation's birth is that Jumong was born out of an egg and brought up by King Gumwa () of East Buyeo. The name, Jumong, means a person who is good at archery. Because of his archery skills, Prince Daeso () envied him. So, Jumong felt death threats and decided to escape from East Buyeo with three friends. He went to Jolbon Buyeo and married Sosuno () who was the princess of the nation. Jumong succeeded the king and changed the nation's name to Goguryeo after his surname.


title: Goguryeo

text: Since the first king, King Dongmyeong (), Goguryeo had been invaded by several enemies such as the Chinese Han Dynasty, and Xianbei. But, by 11th king's reign, Goguryeo had succeeded in taking control over Liaoong. Until the 24th king's period, it had had its golden age, expanding the range of the nation and driving away all the attacks from ouside. The most famous king was King Gwanggaeto the Great ().


title: Goguryeo

text: However, when it was under the control of 27th king, Youngryou (), Goguryeo was becoming a vassal of the Tang Dynasty. Because of this, the king was killed by Yoen Gaesomoon () and a new king, Bojang () succeeded. After Yoen Gaesomoon died, the people did not cooperate with the nation well and while its control got weak, it was destroyed by the allied forces of Tang and Silla.


title: Great Australian Bight

text: The Great Australian Bight is a large bight, or open bay. It is off the central and western parts of the southern coastline of mainland Australia.


title: Great Australian Bight

text: The Bight's boundaries are from Cape Pasley, Western Australia, to Cape Carnot, South Australia. This is a distance of 1,160 km or 720 miles.


title: Great Australian Bight

text: The much more accepted name in Australia for the connected waterbody is the Southern Ocean rather than the Indian Ocean.


title: Great Australian Bight

text: The settlements along the coastline with access to the Bight and facilities are Ceduna and Eucla. Some other locations on the Eyre Highway or on the Nullarbor do not have facilities or easy access.


title: Great Australian Bight

text: The coast line of the Great Australian Bight has cliff faces (up to 60 m high), surfing beaches and rock platforms, ideal for whale-watching. The Great Australian Bight receives very little of the runoff that fertilises most continental shelves. It is essentially a marine desert. It is probably best noted for the large number of sharks that frequent its coastal waters, as well as the increasing numbers of Southern Right Whales that migrate in the region.


title: Great Australian Bight

text: One location on the bight that is for the understanding of the natural history on its coastline is the Eyre Bird Observatory.


title: Rockstar Games

text: Rockstar Games is a video game company that has created well-known games such as the Grand Theft Auto series of games and the MidnightClub Racing Game series. The company was formerly known as BMG Interactive in its early years.


title: Rockstar Games

text: Rockstar Games have developed their own game engine called the Rockstar Advanced Game Engine (RAGE) to facilitate game development on the PlayStation 3, Xbox 360, Windows, and Wii systems.


title: Mikhail Baryshnikov

text: Mikhail Nikolaevitch Baryshnikov (, born 27 January 1948) is a Russian-American dancer, choreographer, and actor. Born in Latvia to Russian parents during the time of the Soviet Union, he later became an American citizen. After a promising start in the Kirov Ballet at the Mariinsky Theatre, Leningrad, he defected to Canada in 1974 for more opportunities in western dance.


title: Mikhail Baryshnikov

text: He has been called the world's greatest living male ballet dancer. Critic Clive Barnes once called him, "The most perfect dancer I have ever seen".


title: Mikhail Baryshnikov

text: While on a tour in Canada with the Kirov Ballet in 1974, Baryshnikov asked for political asylum in Toronto. He became an American citizen in 1986. He has won three Emmy Awards.


title: Mikhail Baryshnikov

text: Part of his significance is that he danced both classical ballet and modern dance. From 1978 he worked full-time in the New York City Ballet under the direction of George Balanchine. In 1980 he became artistic director of the American Ballet Theatre. Later he founded his own company and moved towards modern dance. He has danced many times on television in North America.


title: University of Pittsburgh

text: The University of Pittsburgh is a public university in the city of Pittsburgh in the United States of America. It is also called "Pitt". Pitt was started in 1787. Pitt has 27,562 students. Pitt is famous for philosophy, studying other countries, and its hospital called the "University of Pittsburgh Medical Center" (UPMC). Pitt does a lot of research. Pitt is also famous for its tall building named the "Cathedral of Learning". Pitt is also famous for sports. Pitt's best sports are American football and basketball.


title: UEFA Europa Conference League

text: The UEFA Europa Conference League (abbreviated as UECL) is a football club competition that is held by UEFA. Clubs qualify for the competition based on their performance in their national leagues and cup competitions. It is the third tier of European club football, after the Champions League and the Europa League.


title: Art Carney

text: Arthur William Matthew “Art” Carney (November 4, 1918 – November 9, 2003) was an American actor in movies, stage, television and radio. He is best known for playing Ed Norton, alongside with Jackie Gleason's Ralph Kramden in the situation comedy "The Honeymooners", and for winning the Academy Award for Best Actor for his role in "Harry and Tonto".


title: Art Carney

text: Carney was born on November 4, 1918 in Mount Vernon, New York. Carney was married three times; first to Jean Myers from 1940 until they divorced in 1965. Second, he was married to Barbara Isaac from 1966 until they divorced in 1977. Last, he was remarried to Jean Myers from 1980 until his death in 2003. Carney had three children with Myers.


title: Arrondissements of France

text: The 101 French departments are divided into 342 arrondissements. This means districts in English. Most departments in France only have 3 or 4 arrondissements, but some may have more or less than this.


title: Data transmission

text: Data transmission is the process of transferring data from one point to another. There are two methods for transmitting data: Serial communication and Parallel communication. There are different types of devices for data transmission: Wireless, Optical fiber, Infrared and more.


title: Data transmission

text: is in one direction only (i.e. from sender to receiver). Example: data being sent from a computer to a printer.


title: Data transmission

text: is in both directions but not at the same time (i.e. data can be sent from 'A' to 'B' or from 'B' to 'A' along the same line, but not at the same time). Example: a phone conversation between two people where only one person speaks at a time .


title: Data transmission

text: is in both direction simultaneously (i.e. data can be sent from 'A' to ' B' and from 'B' to 'A' along the same line, both at the same time). Example: broadband connection on a phone line.


title: Code Geass

text: Code Geass: Lelouch of the Rebellion (コードギアス 反逆のルルーシュ, Kōdo Giasu: Hangyaku no Rurūshu?), often called simply Code Geass, is a 2006 Japanese animeseries. It was created by Sunrise. The series was directed by Gorō Taniguchi and written by Ichirō Ōkouchi. The character designs were made by manga artist group Clamp. The series was broadcast from October 5, 2006 until July 28, 2007.


title: Code Geass

text: The main character, Lelouch vi Britannia, used to be a prince of the Holy Empire of Britannia. He is a genius strategist. He meets a female named CC (referred to as C2). She gives him the power of "geass", which works differently for each person. His power is to force a person to do whatever he tells them to do. The power only works once per person and he must look them in the eyes for it to work. He wants to destroy Britannia. His only childhood friend, Suzaku Kururugi, is the main person stopping him from doing this because he thinks that Britannia can be changed from the inside. Lelouch and Suzaku are at Japan. Britannia conquered Japan after Lelouch was disowned for disrespecting his father, the king. Britannia stripped Japan of its prestige and renamed it Area 11. Lelouch's goal is to destroy Britannia. Suzaku does not agree with how Lelouch plans to do this. Suzaku joins the Britannian army to change the country from the inside. They fight each other—Lelouch's brains versus Suzaku's fighting talent.


title: Code Geass

text: His real name is Lelouch vi Britannia. He is the eleventh prince of the empire of Britannia. His mother, Marianne vi Britannia was murdered when he was child. Then his younger sister Nunnally became blind and could not walk by herself. She needed a wheelchair. Therefore, he hated Britannia and decided to create the kind world where Nunnally can live safely. He obtained Geass from C.C. and leaded a group of terrorists he united as the Black Knights with his well-known identity as Zero towards his revenge against Britannia and to create a better world for Nunnally. He latter wields the Knightmare Gawain with C.C. and Shinkirō in R2.


title: Code Geass

text: He is the son of the former Japanese prime minister and friend of Lelouch in childhood before he joined the Britannian military hoping to change Britannia from the inside. He wields the Knightmare Lancelot.


title: Code Geass

text: She is half Japanese and half Britannian. She is the pilot of the Knightmare Guren Mk-II. She is an important member of the Black Knights.


title: Code Geass

text: "Code Geass" premiered on the Mainichi Broadcasting System (MBS) television station at 25:25 on October 5, 2006. Its satellite television premiere across Japan on Animax was on November 7, 2006. Its sequel, "Code Geass: Lelouch of the Rebellion R2" was first announced on the March 2007. "Code Geass: Lelouch of the Rebellion R2" premiered on all Japan News Network (JNN) member stations on April 6, 2008.


title: Code Geass

text: Another OVA anime titled was made known through the anime's official website. Takahiro Kimura did the character designs of the series. Makoto Baba was assigned as the director of the OVA. In the story, Lelouch makes the ultimate use of his Geass for his little sister Nunnally. The Blu-ray was released by Bandai Visual on July 27, 2012 with English subtitles.


title: Code Geass

text: A 3-part theatrical movie remake of the first 2 seasons of the anime was released with the first movie released on October 21, 2017. The second movie titled was released on February 10, 2018. The third compilation movie, titled was released on May 26, 2018.


title: Code Geass

text: "Code Geass: Lelouch of the Re;surrection" was announced on November 27, 2016. It will be released in Japan in February 9, 2019. Funimation announced that they licensed the movie for its North American release in 2019.


title: Carly Simon

text: Carly Simon (born June 25, 1945) is an American singer-songwriter and occasional children's book author. She was born in New York City to businessman Richard L. Simon (1899-1960) and Andrea Heinemann Simon (1909-1994). She was raised in Riverdale, The Bronx. She has two sisters: singer Joanna Simon (born 1940) and composer Lucy Simon (born 1943). She also has a brother, photographer Peter Simon.


title: Yugoslavs

text: Yugoslavs is a national name used by a small number of South Slavs across the countries of the former Yugoslavia. Some say this name is for all people of South Slav heritage, including those of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Montenegro, Serbia and the presently disputed region of Kosovo, Slovenia, and North Macedonia.


title: Dreaming of You (Selena album)

text: Dreaming of You is the last studio album recorded by American singer Selena. It was released on July 18, 1995 by EMI Records and EMI Latin. It was re-released on September 24, 2002 as part of the "Selena: 20 Years of Music" collection, which included bonus tracks, music videos and spoken liner notes by her family, friends, and her former band. "Dreaming of You" contains unreleased English and Spanish-language songs while also containing previously released songs that were remixed with dance hall and reggae. The first half of "Dreaming of You" contains mid-tempo R&B ballads and pop songs, while the rest of "Dreaming of You" contains Latin music.


title: Carly Simon

text: Simon's songs include: "You're So Vain", "Nobody Does It Better", "Coming Around Again" and "Let the River Run".


title: Dreaming of You (Selena album)

text: By 1993, EMI Latin believed Selena was ready to release a crossover album. They believed she was ready because she had won a Grammy Award and other awards, signed a sponsorship tour with Coca-Cola, dominated the Latin music charts, and expanded the Tejano Music Movement across the United States (the Tejano Music Movement, which was a movement in Texas at the time, helped other people enjoy Tejano music and it becoming a popular trend). They also believed Selena had reached her peak in the Spanish-language market and they wanted to launch her into a career as an American solo pop artist. She was partnered with major pop music producers, some of whom were Grammy Award winners. The record company wanted to change Selena's musical styles from Tejano to contemporary R&B music. While Selena was recording songs, a crossover tour was being planned. On March 31, 1995, before "Dreaming of You" was scheduled to be released, Selena was killed by Yolanda Saldivar, who was a friend and manager of her clothing stores.


title: Dreaming of You (Selena album)

text: "Dreaming of You" debuted at number one on the US "Billboard" 200 chart, and sold more than 331,000 copies in its first week. Selena became the first Hispanic singer to have an album, mostly in Spanish, to debut at number one. It went on to become the second-highest-selling debut album, behind Michael Jackson. On the date of release, "Dreaming of You" sold 175,000 copies, which helped Selena to become the second-fastest selling female artist, behind Janet Jackson. "Dreaming of You" had mixed to positive reviews from music critics, who many believed if Selena was alive to further promote the album, that it would have performed better on music charts globally. "Dreaming of You" won several awards including every award it was nominated at the 1996-98 Tejano Music Awards and the 1996-97 Premio Lo Nuestro awards.


title: Dreaming of You (Selena album)

text: Several tracks from the album were released as singles in the United States and other countries. The title track, became instantly popular on radios throughout the United States. It peaked at number 22 on the "Billboard" Hot 100 chart and was able to reach the top 20 in many other charts. "I Could Fall in Love" also had the same success of the title track and peaked at number two on the Hot Latin Tracks and number eight on the Hot 100 Airplay chart. "I'm Getting Used to You" peaked at number eight on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles. The single "Tú Sólo Tú" peaked at number one on both the Hot Latin Tracks and Latin Regional Mexican Airplay charts. Songs such as "Captive Heart", "Techno Cumbia", "Como La Flor" and "Missing My Baby", which were not released as a single, managed to peaked on "Billboard" charts including; Hot Latin Tracks, Latin Regional Mexican Airplay, Canadian Hot 100 and the PROMUSICAE (Spain music charts).


title: Dreaming of You (Selena album)

text: Selena performed at the 1989 Tejano Music Awards, which was attended by Jose Behar. Behar, the former president of Sony Music Latin, had recently opened EMI Latin. EMI Latin became the Latin division of EMI Records. The new president of Sony Music Latin was also attending the event and had wanted Selena to sign with his company. Selena's father and manager Abraham Quintanilla Jr was given offers from both Sony and EMI, however, Sony doubled the amount EMI was offering. Quintanilla Jr decided to go with EMI because they were offering the crossover deal Selena wanted, while Quintanilla Jr wanted his children to be the first band to sign with EMI Latin.


title: Dreaming of You (Selena album)

text: Before Selena signed her contract with EMI Latin in 1989, Behar and Stephen Finfer sent out a request to EMI Records for Selena to begin her crossover album. She recorded "Only Love", "Is It the Beat?", and "Where Did the Feeling Go?" for the presidents of EMI Records' pop division. Behar's and Finfer's request was denied. The presidents' told them that Selena needed a bigger fan base in order to sell a lot of copies of a crossover album. Behar told in an interview that he thought EMI Records, and people in general, did not believe that a Mexican American woman could be "successful". By 1993 Selena had won a Grammy Award for "Selena Live!" (1993), won several other awards, signed a sponsorship tour with Coca-Cola, dominated the Latin music charts, and expanded the Tejano Music Movement across the United States.


title: Dreaming of You (Selena album)

text: EMI Latin believed Selena should release a crossover album, believing she had reached her peak in the Spanish-language market. They wanted to launch her career as an American solo pop artist. Selena was signed with EMI's SBK Records in November 1993 after less than twenty-four hours in Los Angeles. News of Selena being signed with SBK made front-page news on "Billboard" magazine. Selena said that she was frighten by the recording deal because the situation was new to her and that only a few people had believed she would achieve success in the pop world. Selena said in interviews that the album would be released in 1994. However, following the release of "Amor Prohibido" in March 1994, she said the album was still being developed. During a dinner in a Thai restaurant in 1994, Selena was upset about the pressure she was under from the press about the album. She said, to Behar, that she told a lot of news crews that the album was about to be released and that she has yet to record a single song. Behar believed Selena was joking because she had always like telling jokes, but then noticed she was not setting up a joke and believed she was right. Behar then told the chairman of EMI Records, Charles Koppelman, that Selena and her band Los Dinos would leave EMI and find a record company willing to record an English-language album for Selena. Behar had lied to the chairman about Selena leaving in order to force the crossover album to begin. Koppelman did not want Selena to leave and began the recording sessions.


title: Dreaming of You (Selena album)

text: Selena started recording the first song for the album, "I Could Fall in Love", in late 1994. Selena was partnered with major pop music producers, some of which were Grammy Award winners. Selena's sister Suzette Quintanilla stated that Selena would take a very long time before deciding on a song that was "Selena". However, SBK Records controlled the entire project and only allowed Selena to choose one song. This was because, SBK knew what they were doing for a crossover event. Recording sessions for the album took place at several recording studios, including: her father's Q-Productions studio in Corpus Christi; The Bennett House in Franklin, Tennessee; Bananaboat Studio in Burbank, California; Oakshire Recorders in Los Angeles; Conway Studios in Hollywood; Clinton Studios in Clinton, New York; and Levosia Entertainment in Hollywood. Producers and songwriters who worked with Selena on the album included Keith Thomas, Trey Lorenz of Epic Records, Mark Goldenberg, Kit Hain, Guy Roche, Donna Delorey, Diane Warren, Rhett Lawrence, David Byrne of Luaka Bop Inc., Franne Golde, Tom Snow, Full Force, Brian "Red" Moore, A.B. Quintanilla III Selena's brother, Barrio Boyzz, K.C. Porter, Felipe Bernmejo, Jose Hernandez and Felipe Valdes Leal. Singers, Amy Grant and Vanessa Williams were both in the process of writing a song for Selena. "Dreaming of You" was the first album that Selena's family did not produce. Her family had wanted professional pop producers to work with Selena. Selena found this decision stressful, and felt that it was forced on her in order to sell records.


title: Dreaming of You (Selena album)

text: Selena co-wrote with David Byrne, former lead singer of Talking Heads, for his gospel song "God's Child (Baila Conmigo)". Her vocals were later used in the song after Byrne recorded it in Clifton, New York. Selena's brother Quintanilla III and her husband Chris Perez did not like "Dreaming of You". They both later stated that they grew to love it after Selena was murdered. While being interviewed, Keith Thomas stated that every time Selena would walk in the recording studio that all eyes would be on her because of her smiles, energy, and eager to succeed, who made everyone laugh. Thomas also stated that there were no ego problems with her. Selena had recorded songs in late 1994 and had recorded a total of six songs by January 20, 1995. Selena was supposed to record "Oh No (I'll Never Fall in Love Again)" on the morning of March 31, 1995. However, she was killed on the same day by Yolanda Saldivar, a friend and ex-manager of her clothing stores. "Oh No" was later recorded in Spanish by her brother's band, Kumbia Kings, on their album "Amor, Familia y Respecto" (2009). Thomas, who wrote "I Could Fall in Love", never finished his second song that Selena was supposed to record and talked about the song while being interviewed for the A&E series "Biography" in 2008. In 2008, freestyle singer Brenda K. Starr, revealed that she was supposed to be in two unrecorded duets with Selena. In June 2011, Dominican American Latin soul singer TeCheetah Lopez was given a demo of "Love Me Now", which was supposed to be for Selena to record. "Love Me Now" was written by Christopher Troy and Zac Harmon. According to Behar, "Dreaming of You" was supposed to be released in September or October 1995. In April 1995, EMI Latin decided to only release four out of the six English-language songs Selena had recorded. The song "Siempre Hace Frio" was taken off of "Dreaming of You".


title: Dreaming of You (Selena album)

text: "I Could Fall in Love", the first promotional single, was written by Keith Thomas and is a soft rock, pop, R&B and soul. "I Could Fall in Love" is written in the key of E major and moves at a moderate 86 beats per minute. Selena's vocal range in the song spans four octaves with music notes F#3-A4. Its lyrics are about a woman who is in love with a guy who does not know about her true feelings for him. She tries to tell him, but is afraid of rejection, she decides not tell him. According to "The Billboard Book of Number One Albums", "I Could Fall in Love" was chosen as the "best song" off of "Dreaming of You" and "... could melt the hearts of millions around the world". Kathleen Tracy wrote that "I Could Fall in Love" and "Dreaming of You" are two hit "ballads". James Hunter of "Vibe" stated that he liked Selena's passion that she used to record "I Could Fall in Love". Hunter also stated that the song is a "masterpiece", while also stating that because of Selena's death, it was hard to listen to the song without crying. After Selena's death, "I Could Fall in Love" became a popular wedding song.


title: Dreaming of You (Selena album)

text: "Dreaming of You", the lead single, was written by Franne Golde and Tom Snow. "Dreaming of You" is a power ballad and contemporary R&B. The song's main instruments are the piano, wind chimes and funk bass. "Dreaming of You" is written in Ab major and begins in the key of G♯(Ab). It changes to the key of A♯(Bb) after the bridge. Selena's vocal range spans Eb3-Eb5. "The Los Angeles Times" ranked "Dreaming of You" number five from their "Top-ten Singles of 1995". Its lyrics are about a lonely and depressed woman in her room at night, who dreams of being with her boyfriend. The song begins with a low-key instrumentation, which provides emphasis for Selena's vocals. Geraldo Martinez of "El Dictamen" wrote that the opening of the song was "surprisingly tantalizing". "Dreaming of You" became Selena's signature song and was given positive feedback from music critics.


title: Dreaming of You (Selena album)

text: "I'm Getting Used to You", the second promotional single, was written by Diane Warren and was produced by Rhett Lawrence. Four dance mixes were remixed by David Morales, which were created for promotional use. "I'm Getting Used to You" is a baroque- and dream-pop song and is written in the key of F major. Because of the music's easy piano notes it was included in the "Top Pop Hits of 1996 for Easy Piano" book. Its lyrics are about a woman who does not know what love is and her boyfriend tries to help her understand by "opening her eyes" to true love.


title: Dreaming of You (Selena album)

text: "Captive Heart", is a synthpop, electro and fast rock song. "Captive Heart" is an uptemo song written by Kit Hain. It was released as the album's first promotional single in the United Kingdom. Its lyrics are about a woman being controlled by her partner who will not let her be free of her own emotions. She is unable to end the relationship because she is too in love with him. Ed Morales of "Vibe" compared both Evelyn "Champagne" King and "Wherever You Are" (the English version of "Donde Quiera Que Estes") with "Captive Heart". According to the "Chicago Tribune" "Captive Heart" was the right song for urban-contemporary radios. The "Daily Vault" believed Selena made a mistake with "Captive Heart" because she had used too much "throat" in the song.


title: Dreaming of You (Selena album)

text: "God's Child (Baila Conmigo)", a duet with David Byrne, was originally recorded for the "Don Juan DeMarco" soundtrack. After Selena was murdered, EMI Latin decided to use the song for "Dreaming of You". Byrne recorded his parts in New York, while Selena recorded her verse in Corpus Christi, Texas, at her father's recording studio. "God's Child" was later used for the "Blue in The Face" soundtrack. According to the "Chicago Tribune", "God's Child (Baila Conmigo)", is an "energetic, dark and mysterious" song. They also stated that the song is a rumba flamenco with rock and R&B. Christopher John Farley of "Time" stated that the song is a " ... giddy soulful song".


title: Dreaming of You (Selena album)

text: "El Toro Relajo" was an unreleased Spanish-language mariachi-ballad. It was written by Felipe Bermejo and produced by Jose Hernandez. It became the sixth single to be released from "Dreaming of You". Its lyrics are about a woman warning a man, during a bullfighting competition, that the bull is not tame. She then tries to tame the bull before her lover rides it. The band Mariachi Sol de Mexico were the backup singers for the song. "El Toro Relajo" was also recorded for the "Don Juan DeMarco" soundtrack. The "Daily Vault" believed the song was the "most impressive track" on "Dreaming of You". The "Daily Vault" also stated that it was "short, amusing, and dedicated". After Selena's death, the song became a traditional Cinco de Mayo celebration song. Brennan told "Time" magazine that he believes the company who dropped "El Toro Relajo" from the "Don Juan DeMarco" soundtrack, regrets ever doing so. "Tú Sólo Tú" became the seventh single released from "Dreaming of You". John Lannert of "Billboard" called it a "classic emotive (emotional) ballad". Christopher John Farley of "Time" said that "Tú Sólo Tú" is a "spirited mariachi song".


title: Dreaming of You (Selena album)

text: "Dreaming of You" was scheduled to be released sometime in 1994. However, following "Amor Prohibido", Selena's last Spanish studio album, the album was delayed. Selena told in an interview on January 20, 1995 that the album would be released in July. EMI Records and EMI Latin released "Dreaming of You" on July 18, 1995. It debuted at number one on the US "Billboard" 200 chart. "Dreaming of You" replaced the "Pocahontas" soundtrack spot as the number one album on the "Billboard" 200. "Dreaming of You" was among the ten best-selling debuts ever, and was the best-selling debut by a female artist. Selena fans in Dallas, Texas, began lining up to buy the album hours before stores were open. "Dreaming of You" sold 331,000 copies in its first week. It became the biggest first-week seller by a female artist. It also became the first album by a Hispanic artist to debut at number one. EMI believed that "Dreaming of You" sold more than 400,000 copies because SoundScan did not track copies sold in small stores.


title: Dreaming of You (Selena album)

text: "Dreaming of You" also debuted at number one on the "Billboard" Top Latin Albums and "Billboard" Latin Pop Albums charts. It remained on the charts for nearly two-hundred weeks. In Austin, stores were sold out of "Dreaming of You" within minutes on the day it was released. Throughout the entire city, Austin stores only allowed two copies per costumer. Fans in Corpus Christi began celebrating the release of "Dreaming of You" the day before the album was released, at music stores across the city. "Dreaming of You" was sold in approximately fifteen countries, and in the months following its release, Selena became more famous. "I Could Fall in Love" and "Dreaming of You" were played on English speaking radio stations, mostly on Adult contemporary radios. In Texas alone, "Dreaming of You" sold half a million copies.


title: Dreaming of You (Selena album)

text: Within ten months of release, "Dreaming of You" was nearing triple-platinum status. It was certified 3.5 time platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), for shipping more than 3,500,000 copies in its first year. "Billboard" named "I Could Fall in Love" and "Dreaming of You" the number one and two spots, in the "Billboard Book of Top 40 Hits". "Dreaming of You" sold over 2,000,000 copies its first year. EMI Latin was backed up with orders of 500,000 copies from retail stores. "Dreaming of You" was considered the "highest selling Latin album" since Julio Iglesias recorded his first English-language record "110 Bel Air Place" (1984). "Dreaming of You" was certified Gold in Canada, for shipments of 50,000 copies.


title: Dreaming of You (Selena album)

text: In the same month of its release, "Dreaming of You" joined five of Selena's studio albums that were in the top ten on the "Billboard" Top 50 Latin Albums. The album peaked at number one, two years later "Dreaming of You" and "Siempre Selena" (1996) continued to chart on the "Billboard" Latin 50. "Dreaming of You" became the first album by a Hispanic singer to debut at number one. Some Texas stores believed that the sale figures for "Dreaming of You" in their state were wrong because the album had sold poorly at their music stores.


title: Dreaming of You (Selena album)

text: The Crossover Tour was a scheduled world tour. It was supposed to help promote "Dreaming of You" worldwide. The tour was scheduled to begin in mid-1995, after the album was released. The Crossover Tour was also going to promote Selena in countries where she was not well known in.


title: Dreaming of You (Selena album)

text: There were several commercials released in the US, Mexico and South America. Behar said that promotion "... will be on the superstar scale" and that "[We] didn't put this marketing campaign behind it because there was a tragedy. ... We put this marketing campaign behind it because we believed that this was going to be a huge album because of the music. This is a record that we're going to work over the next 10 months."


title: Dreaming of You (Selena album)

text: In Texas and Mexico, bootleggers sold copies of "Dreaming of You". A bootlegger is a person who takes the music of an album and copy's it to a blank CD and make profit by selling the blank CDs to people on the streets. One, in Corpus Christi, tried selling a bootleg to Selena's father, without knowing who he was. Quintanilla Jr, took all the copies and reported the man to local police. There are no known reports of the public bootleggers, although Quintanilla Jr reported any he found to police. "TVyNovelas" believed that 50,000 copies of "Dreaming of You" bootlegs were sold, at five dollars each.


title: Dreaming of You (Selena album)

text: Stephen Erlewine of Allmusic wrote that most Americans first learned about Selena because of her murder, and "Dreaming of You" was the first record of Selena's that they heard. He wrote: ""Dreaming of You" would have been a stronger album if she had lived, but it still stands as a powerful – and touching – testament to her talents." "Billboard" stated that Selena recorded songs that were "pop" and not "Tejano" music. "Vibe" editor Ed Morales called the album a "cumbia" and "Tex-Mex" (Tejano) album. James Hunter, also from "Vibe", believed it was hard to listen to the album because Selena's death was recent.


title: Dreaming of You (Selena album)

text: The "Chicago Tribune"s Achy Obejas wrote that "Dreaming of You" was an "incomplete" album that has a lot of mistakes in the selection of songs Selena recorded. Christopher John Farley of "Time" believed "Dreaming of You" helped Selena to become more popular in America. Enrique Lopetegui of the "Los Angeles Times" wrote that "Dreaming of You" was Selena's most "satisfying" album. Mary Talbot of the "New York Daily News" believed the album was able to reveal what Selena's career would have been like if she was alive.


title: Space Jam: A New Legacy

text: Space Jam: A New Legacy (also known as Space Jam 2) is a 2021 American live-action/animated sports comedy movie directed by Malcolm D. Lee. It is a stand-alone sequel to "Space Jam" (1996). The movie stars basketball star LeBron James and the Looney Tunes.


title: Space Jam: A New Legacy

text: Additionally, Ernie Johnson Jr. and Lil Rel Howery appear as the game commentators. NBA players Kyrie Irving, Chris Paul, Draymond Green, and Kyle Kuzma as well as well WNBA player Chiney Ogwumike and actor Michael B. Jordan make cameo appearances.


title: Space Jam: A New Legacy

text: The movie was going to be released after the success of the first movie. It was scrapped in favor of "". The project resurfaced in the 2010s. The movie was announced in 2019 as "Space Jam 2". In April 2020, LeBron James changed the movie's title to "Space Jam: A New Legacy" and was set for a July 2021 release.


title: Heterokont

text: The heterokonts or stramenopiles are a major line of eukaryotes with more than 100,000 known species, most of them diatoms.


title: Heterokont

text: Heterokonts are mostly algae. In one stage of their life cycle they have two unequal flagella. They include both single-celled types and brown algae (seaweeds such as kelp and "Sargassum"). They are members of the Kingdom Chromalveolata.


title: Doujinshi

text: Doujinshi are part of a larger category of dōjin. This category includes art collections, anime, hentai, and games.


title: Steam car

text: A steam car is an automobile (car) powered by a steam engine. The first automobile, a three-wheeled vehicle, was powered by a steam engine.


title: Queen Anne of Romania

text: Princess Anne of Bourbon-Parma, also known as Queen Anne of Romania ("Anne Antoinette Françoise Charlotte Zita Marguerite of Bourbon-Parma", 18 September 1923 – 1 August 2016), was the wife of former king Michael I of Romania.


title: Steam car

text: The steam carriage was invented in 1769 by Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot, a French engineer. It was a large three wheeled vehicle that used coal to make steam in a boiler. The boiler was mounted in front which made the vehicle unstable.


title: Queen Anne of Romania

text: Anne was born in Paris, France, the only daughter of Prince René of Bourbon-Parma and Princess Margaret of Denmark. Anne was the younger sister of Prince Jacques of Bourbon-Parma and elder sister to Prince Michel of Bourbon-Parma who married Princess Maria Pia of Savoy (eldest child of King Umberto II of Italy and Queen Marie José), and Prince André of Bourbon-Parma. As a granddaughter of Robert I, Duke of Parma she was first cousin to: King Boris III of Bulgaria; Robert Hugo, Duke of Parma; Princess Alicia, Dowager Duchess of Calabria; Carlos Hugo, Duke of Parma; Crown Prince Otto of Austria; and Grand Duke Jean of Luxembourg.


title: Steam car

text: In the United States, about the time of the American Civil War, a number of inventors were working on steam-powered cars. In England about 1868 J. H. Knight had created a very successful design of steam car. In 1883 in France, Jules-Albert de Dion and Georges Bouton began building steam cars. In 1886 Ransom E. Olds was producing a steam car in the US. In 1899 the Stanley brothers, Francis and Freelan began making the famous Stanley Steamers.


title: Queen Anne of Romania

text: In 1939 Anne's family fled from the Nazi Germans and escaped to Spain, then to Portugal finally to the United States. She attended the Parsons School of Design in New York City from 1940 to 1943. She also worked as a sales assistant at Macy's department store. In 1943 she joined the French Army as an ambulance driver. She served in Algeria, Morocco, Italy, Luxembourg and Germany. She received the French "Croix de guerre" for her wartime service.


title: Steam car

text: Steam engines in cars have a great amount of torque. With all this torque they can accelerate very quickly. Because the torque is available over a broad range of speeds, a transmission wasn't needed. They could also carry heavy loads with ease. The speed of a steam car is controlled by the throttle alone and the engine never stalls. Steam cars had fewer moving parts than gasoline powered cars. Also steam cars are very quiet.


title: Queen Anne of Romania

text: In November 1947, Anne met King Michael I of Romania who was visiting London for the wedding of Princess Elizabeth and Philip Mountbatten, Duke of Edinburgh. They met several times in London, always with her mother or brother. Michael asked her to marry him. Michael returned to Romania, where he was told by the prime minister it was not the right tine to announce the wedding. A few days later, the government said the wedding was the reason for Michael's sudden "abdication". In fact the king was deposed by the Communists on 30 December.


title: Steam car

text: A major disadvantage is that a steam car has to "fire up" its boiler (has to get up to operating temperature). This can take as much as 20 minutes before the car can move. In the winter there was the added problem of water freezing. The open-cycle steam engine in cars and steam locomotives could not go far without adding water. The water turned to steam, which was lost when it exited the engine. Steam condensers were added to these cars later. This converted the steam back to water. It was too late; by then steam cars had lost out to cars with internal combustion engines.


title: Queen Anne of Romania

text: Anne was a Catholic and under their rules, she needed the church's permission to marry Michael who was not a Catholic. This permission could be given if Michael agreed to allow their future children to be raised as Catholics. Michael refused to do this, as it was against the laws of Romania, and it would make it impossible for him to regain his position as king. The Holy See refused to grant permission for the wedding. The two families decided to take their case to the Vatican. In early March, the couple's mothers met with Pope Pius XII who also refused permission for Anne to marry Michael.


title: Queen Anne of Romania

text: Anne and Michael decided to marry without church permission. Anne's paternal uncle, Xavier, Duke of Parma, said he objected to the marriage that did not have the Pope's permission. He also told Anne's parents not to attend the wedding. Anne's family was represented at the ceremony by her maternal uncle, Prince Eric of Denmark.


title: Queen Anne of Romania

text: The wedding ceremony was held on 10 June 1948 in Athens, Greece, in the throne room of the Royal Palace. The ceremony was performed by Archbishop Damaskinos. Guests at the wedding included: Helen, Queen Mother of Romania, Michael's aunts Queen Frederica, Princess Irene of Greece and Denmark, Duchess of Aosta, Princess Katherine of Greece and Denmark; his cousins Alexandra, Queen Consort of Yugoslavia, Prince Amedeo, Duke of Aosta, King Paul of Greece, Princess Sophia of Greece and Denmark, Crown Prince Constantine of Greece and Princess Irene of Greece and Denmark, the three youngest ones serving as bridesmaids and pageboys; Anne's maternal uncle Prince Eric of Denmark; Princess Nicholas of Greece and Denmark, Prince George William of Hanover and many others.


title: Queen Anne of Romania

text: The couple took part in a religious ceremony on 9 November 1966, at the Roman Catholic Church of St Charles in Monaco, to make the marriage "legal" for the church.


title: Queen Anne of Romania

text: After their wedding in 1948, Anne and Michael lived in Hertfordshire for four years. They became market gardeners and farmed poultry. In 1956 they moved to Versoix on Lake Geneva, and raised five daughters there. In 1992 Anne and Michael visited Romania for three days; it was Anne's first visit to the country. From 1993 to 1997, Michael was refused entry to Romania by the Romanian government. Anne visited the country a number of times representing her husband. After 1997, there were no restrictions on Anne and Michael's entry into Romania. Elisabeta Palace was made available for them to use, and they recovered some properties from the state, including Săvârşin Castle and Peleş Castle.


title: Queen Anne of Romania

text: In June 2008, Anne and Michael celebrated their 60th Wedding Anniversary, with three days of events in Romania. Events included a concert by the George Enescu Philharmonic Orchestra at the Romanian Athenaeum, an official reception at Athenee Palace in Bucharest, and book launch at the National Museum of Romanian History.


title: Queen Anne of Romania

text: Anne died on 1 August 2016 in a hospital in Morges, Switzerland, at the age of 92. The family refused a posthumous military medal. Romania's President Klaus Iohannis said "Her Majesty Queen Ana of Romania will remain forever in memory and in our hearts as one of the most important symbols of wisdom, dignity and, especially, as a model of moral conduct." The government made 13 August 2016 a national day of mourning. The Romanian flag was flown at half-mast on all buildings. Television and radio broadcasts were told to make their programs suitable for the memory of Anne of Romania. The funeral was held at the Curtea de Argeș Cathedral. The government of Moldova also held a national day of mourning on 13 August in memory of Queen Anne, asking for everyone to observe a moment of silence at 10 am on that day.


title: Doggystyle

text: Doggystyle is a gangsta rap album by Snoop Dogg (then known as Snoop Doggy Dogg). The album was recorded not long after "The Chronic" (1992). "Doggystyle" was praised by critics for lyrical "realism".


title: Doggystyle

text: This album was released on November 23, 1993. It premiered at #1 on the "Billboard" 200 albums chart. The lyrics created some controversy.


title: Sola scriptura

text: Sola scriptura (Latin for "by scripture alone") means "The Bible only". Protestants believe that they should only read the Bible to find out what God wants. They do this instead of listening to the Pope or the Roman Catholic Church.


title: Sola scriptura

text: "Sola scriptura" was a principle of the Protestant Reformation of the reformer Martin Luther and is a principle of Protestants today (see Five solas).


title: Glamis Castle

text: Glamis Castle is one of the most famous castles in the United Kingdom. It is near the village of Glamis, in Angus, Scotland. It is the home of the Earl and Countess of Strathmore and Kinghorne. Glamis Castle was the childhood home of Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon, best known as the Queen Mother. Her daughter, Princess Margaret, was born there. A picture of the castle is featured on the Royal Bank of Scotland ten pound note.


title: Glamis Castle

text: Glamis Castle is set in the wide valley of Strathmore, near Forfar, the capital of Angus. It is between the Sidlaw Hills to the south and the Grampian Mountains to the north, about 12 miles (20 kilometres) from the North Sea.


title: Glamis Castle

text: The estate (the castle's land) covers more than 14,000 acres (57 km²). There are gardens and walking trails, as well as a farm which produces beef and a plantation (planted forest) which produces timber. There are two streams run through the estate. Near one stream, called the Glamis Burn is an "arboretum" (a tree garden) which has trees from all over the world, many of them rare and several hundred years old. Birds and other small wildlife can often be seen in the grounds.


title: Chapter house

text: A Chapter house or chapterhouse is a special building or room attached to a cathedral or large church. It is where the cathedral chapter meetings are held. Chapter houses were also built in mediaeval monasteries.


title: Chapter house

text: In a cathedral, the chapter is always chaired by the Dean, whose job it is to run (manage) the cathedral. Members of the chapter will include Canons, who may include top lay officials as well as priests. It is a management group for the cathedral.


title: Chapter house

text: The side of the cloister with the chapter house was usually the first to be constructed; it would have been started shortly after the church’s frame was put up.


title: Chapter house

text: When part of a monastery, the chapter house is usually on the eastern wing of the cloister. It is a large space, to hold all the monks of the monastery. It is built in the same style as the churches of that day. In some Romanesque or Gothic monasteries, the entrance to the chapter house is a miniature version of the entrance to a cathedral.


title: Chapter house

text: The community of monks would meet in the chapter house with the Abbot to 'hold chapter'. This meant to read aloud from the rule book and Bible, and to discuss matters concerning the monastery and its monks. The meetings generally took place in the morning, after mass; the monks would sit along the length of the walls in strict age-order. At the end of the meeting the monks would publicly confess their sins or denounce others' (anonymously).


title: Long division

text: Long division is a method of dividing two numbers, using repeated multiplications and subtractions in a tableau. Because it is easy to do, it is usually taught in schools. There are other methods which are faster, or easier to program with a computer, but they are more difficult to understand and perform manually. If we have a large or complicated division problem, we can use long division to break it down into a series of easier calculations. Long division can also be done on polynomials as well.


title: Long division

text: As with most division problems we have three numbers: the dividend, our first number; the divisor, the second number we divide it by; and the quotient, which is the result. Long division is a kind of algorithm, which means it helps us to find the solution to a problem by following a set of clearly-defined steps:


title: Long division

text: Let's assume we want to divide 780 by 4. To do so with long division, we need to split 780 into digits -- 7 and 8 and 0 -- and then divide each one by 4, carrying any remainders to the next step.


title: Long division

text: 4 / 12 = 0 R 0 -- we cannot perform this division as 4<12, so we have to carry our dividend like a remainder.


title: Long division

text: Let's follow the same process for numbers that give an answer with a decimal because they don't have common factors: 123 / 8


title: Long division

text: 1 / 8 = 0 R 0 -- we cannot perform this division as 1<8, so we have to carry our dividend like a remainder.


title: Long division

text: 43 / 8 = 5 R 3 -- we have reached the end with a remainder, which we have to add to our final answer.


title: Saliva (band)

text: Saliva is an American rock band from Memphis. They were signed to Island Records. The band was formed in 1996 and released their first album in 1997.


title: Downtown MRT line

text: The Downtown Line (DTL), will be the fifth Mass Rapid Transport line in Singapore, the third to be completely underground, and with 3-car trains, the second medium capacity line. Currently in various stages of construction, it will open up in phases, such as Stage 1 in 2013, Stage 2 in 2015 and Stage 3 in 2017. The line is colored blue on the MRT Rail map.


title: Downtown MRT line

text: The downtown line starts in Bukit Panjang, where it then passes through the Creative cluster and school belt of Bukit Timah. Along the way, it passes through many food enclaves, such as at Newton. It then passes through the downtown core and financial district before heading east, towards Bedok and Tampenies and the Singapore Expo.


title: Downtown MRT line

text: Stage 1 of the Downtown Line was originally planned as the Downtown Extension of the Circle Line since 2005. It was planned to have 6 stations from Bugis and end at Chinatown. It opened on 22 December 2013. The section usually parallels Circle Line from Bayfront to Promenade.


title: Downtown MRT line

text: Stage 2 was originally planned as the Bukit Timah Line, and was to terminate at Nicoll Highway, but plans were changed after the Nicoll highway collapse, which deemed the original station unfit for use. It was merged with the Downtown Line in 2005. It opened on 27 December 2015.


title: Downtown MRT line

text: Stage 3 was originally planned as the Eastern Region Line, and was meant to relieve congestion on the East West Line. The northern part of the line from Expo to Chinatown was replaced by Downtown Line Stage 3 and opened on 21 October 2017.


title: Downtown MRT line

text: Stage 3e is a two station extension that would link the Downtown Line and the Thomson Line at Sungei Bedok. It would be completed around 2024.


title: Michael Scott (The Office)

text: Michael Gary Scott is a fictional character on NBC's "The Office" played by Steve Carell. He is based on David Brent from the British version of the program.


title: Michael Scott (The Office)

text: Michael is the main character of the series being the Regional Manager of the Scranton branch of a paper distribution company Dunder Mifflin Inc. from seasons 1 through 7.


title: Michael Scott (The Office)

text: He leaves Dunder Mifflin temporarily to form the Michael Scott Paper Company with Pam and Ryan toward the end of the 5th season and shares a co-managerial position with Jim Halpert during a 6th season arc from "The Meeting" to "The Manager and the Salesman".


title: Michael Scott (The Office)

text: In the end of the 7th season, he proposes to HR representative Holly Flax and moves to Colorado to take care of her aging parents, leaving the manager position to Deangelo Vickers in "Goodbye, Michael", to Andy Bernard in season 8 after Vickers becomes brain dead, and to Dwight Schrute in season 9.


title: Browser

text: A browser is a name given to any animal, usually a herbivorous mammal, which eats leaves and shrubs rather than grass. It is contrasted with grazers, which eat grass.


title: States' rights

text: States' rights is a doctrine found in the United States Constitution in which certain rights are reserved for state governments and may not be interfered with by the federal government. They are also protected by the Tenth Amendment as part of the Bill of Rights. The discussion over states' rights is the oldest constitutional debate in the United States. In one form or another it still goes on today.


title: Riotsville, USA

text: Riotsville, USA (stylized as "RIOTSVILLE, USA") is an American documentary movie. It was completed in 2022. The movie is about "the militarization of the police and the reaction of a nation to the uprisings of the late '60s, creating a counter-narrative to a critical moment in the country's history." It begins showing the "civil unrest in places like Watts and Harlem and how the U.S. military began training for an increased presence in the inner cities." Then it shows "the construction of fake towns, dubbed 'Riotsville,' that the Army and military police used to perform riot control exercises..."


title: States' rights

text: States' rights, meaning the sovereignty and independence of individual US states, was guaranteed in the Articles of Confederation, the precursor to the US Constitution. It stated that the individual states "hereby severally enter into a firm league of friendship with each other, for their common defense, the security of their liberties, and their mutual and general welfare". The articles created a weak central government with most of the power being kept by the individual states. Within a short time, it was realized that a stronger central government and a constitution was needed.


title: Riotsville, USA

text: The movie was produced using archival footage from the government and the media. It was directed by Sierra Pettengill. The producers were Jamila Wignot and Sara Archambault. The executive producers were Charlotte Cook and Laura Poitras. It is narrated by Charlene Modeste. The narration was written by Tobi Haslett. The movie was supported by a 2020 grant from the International Documentary Association. Magnolia Pictures scheduled its streaming and limited theatrical release for September 16, 2022.


title: States' rights

text: States' rights were debated at the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia in 1787. The question was the subject of debates between the Federalists and Anti-Federalists while the Constitution was being ratified.


title: Riotsville, USA

text: "Riotsville, USA" was presented in the "Next" category at the 2022 Sundance Film Festival. It was also show at the San Francisco International Film Festival in 2022.


title: States' rights

text: Fueled mainly by the issue of slavery, the question came up during the 1820s and the 1830s, when the United States was expanding westward. Southern states wanted the new territories to allow slavery. Northern states wanted the territory to be free of slavery. As the North's economy grew and the South's economy stalled, the two began moving farther apart on the issue. By the 1840s and 1850s, both had adopted extreme positions, which were based on the morality of slavery and economic self-interests. As long as both North and South had equal representation in the US Senate, neither side could dictate to the other. However, with each new state applying for statehood, the balance of power was threatened. In the 1850s, the issue of secession was raised again. The South made the argument was that when it agreed to join the United States in the late 1780s, it kept the power to cancel the agreement. South Carolina threatened to secede unless the Senate passed a constitutional amendment to give the South “the power she possessed of protecting herself before the equilibrium of the two sections was destroyed.”


title: Riotsville, USA

text: The movie had mixed but generally positive reviews. Shayna Warner says it "is an impressive weaving of all the moving parts, large and small, that come together to cement one point of view as acceptable." Susannah Gruder called it "a transfixing and troubling archival documentary. . . ." On the other hand, Warren Cantrell found the movie provocative but disorganized and not well focused.


title: States' rights

text: Several peaceful attempts were made to find a compromise. The Compromise of 1850, the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850, and the 1854 Kansas–Nebraska Act were aimed at reaching a compromises. However, only the Fugitive Slave Act clearly benefited the South. Northerners bitterly resented the law, which made citizens responsible for catching runaway slaves and returning them to their masters.


title: States' rights

text: While many people believe that the Civil War was about states' rights, not slavery, the Southern states were in favor of states' rights for themselves, not for all states. They did not favor states' rights for new states joining the Union on the question of slavery. They wanted the federal government to decide that all news states would allow slavery. That can be seen in the Fugitive Slave Act of 1793, the Missouri Compromise of 1820, and the 1850 Compromise. All oth themwere designed to force the Northern states to accept slavery in the territories.


title: States' rights

text: In December 1835, Representative James Hammond of South Carolina proposed the House of Representatives force a gag rule against any member who brought up anti-slavery petitions. It was referred to a committee, which decided the gag order should go into effect for anything regarding slavery. House Speaker James Polk of Tennessee referred the issue to a special committee. The committee chairman was Henry L. Pinckney of South Carolina, who decided that any issue regarding slavery should be tabled without discussion permanently. John Quincy Adams of Massachusetts objected but was outvoted. He fought against the gag rule for the next four Congresses. Each session, he brought up the issue until December 3, 1844, wen the gag rule was finally overturned.


title: States' rights

text: Bleeding Kansas was another case of Southerners fighting against states' rights. Most settlers came to Kansas from North. They were not interested in the conflict over slavery but wanted only to create farms and to live in peace. Kansas was on the border with Missouri, a slave state. Many Missourians were driven to believe that all settlers in Kansas were "negro thieves" and abolitionists. Missourians believed that they had to defend slavery, attacked Kansas communities across the border, and killed or drove out Kansas settlers who were against slavery. Abolutionists also came to Kansas to make sure that it would vote to become a free state. That turned Kansas into a battleground.


title: States' rights

text: Many in the North were in favor of states determining their own course, but when it came to slavery, there was a considerable anti-slavery political faction at work in the North. Many in New England had grown wealthy in the slave trade before it was banned, but that part of the North had become a center for abolitionist movements. Beginning in the 1830s, Northern churches and politicians became prominent in the movement. That contributed to the resentment felt by Southerners. Abolitionists took a hard line against slavery, wanted all slaves freed and to end racial segregation immeduately everywhere in the country. Other groups in the North, notably the Free Soil Party, the wanted to end slavery in the new western territories but for different reasons. They had no slaves themselves, but most were prejudiced against black people and believed the popular idea at the time that blacks were inferior. They wanted the new lands to be for whites only. Southern slaveholders saw no real difference between the two groups and but only that both were against slavery.


title: States' rights

text: During the American Civil War, the struggle over states' rights was between the individual Southern states and the federal government over who ultimately had the political power. Some historians argue slavery was the man cause of the war, and others say states' rights was the cause, but both issues were very closely connected. At issue was whether the federal government could regulate or even end slavery within the terrritories. There were other factors that divided the country between Southern slaveholding states and Northern industrial states. The South saw the institution of slavery as necessary to its economy and its way of life. Even Southern churches supported slavery when Northern churches saw the ownership of another person as an abomination.


title: States' rights

text: The Constitution did not even mention the word "slave". The framers of the Constitution, many of them slave owners, wanted to avoid the problem at the federal level. The only reference was to the three-fifths rule, which counted three-fifths of a state's slave population which gave a state extra representation, extra votes in the Electoral College, and an increase in its direct taxes. There, the text said not "slaves" but used the expression "all other persons" to mean the same thing.


title: States' rights

text: On March 4, 1861, Abraham Lincoln gave his first inaugural address as part of his being sworn in as 16th President of the United States. The speech was addressed primarily to South ern states and was intended to lay out his intended policies and desires toward the South. There, seven states had formed the Confederate States of America. His speech was written in a spirit of friendship toward the seceded states.


title: States' rights

text: He touched on several points. Lincoln promised not to interfere with slavery in the states in which it already existed. He said that there would be no federal hostility for the time being towards the states that had seceded . He said, however, that the US government would “hold, occupy, and possess” its property and that it would also collect its taxes. He closed his speech with a warning:


title: States' rights

text: By 1863, two years into the war, Lincoln had changed the focus of the war to slavery and issued the Emancipation Proclamation. It made freeing the slaves a goal of the Civil War. It also weakened Confederate efforts to get help from the United Kingdom and France, which had thought about officially recognizing the Confederacy. As Union troops advanced into Confederate territory, they freed thousands of slaves per day. Manyof them did not wait for the troops but fled their owners to claim their freedom. Five slave states, called the the border states, had remained loyal to the Union and were not at war with the federal government. Thus, Lincoln did not have authority to free slaves in those states and so the Proclamation was not applied to those states. The Proclamation also did not apply to Tennessee and to areas within Virginia and Louisiana that Union forces already controlled.


title: States' rights

text: The Thirteenth Amendment, passed on December 6, 1865, abolished slavery in all of the United States and gave Congress the power to enforce it.


title: States' rights

text: The following Supreme Court decisions had to do with states' rights. Some of them were later overturned.


title: Pulsar

text: Pulsars are neutron stars which spin rapidly and produce huge electromagnetic radiation along a narrow beam. Neutron stars are very dense, and have short, regular spins. This produces a very precise interval between pulses that range from roughly milliseconds to seconds for an individual pulsar. The pulse can only be seen if the Earth is close enough to the direction of the beam. Similar to how you can only see a lighthouse when the beam is shining at your direction.


title: Pulsar

text: The pulses match the star's turns. The spinning causes a lighthouse effect, as the radiation is only seen at short intervals. Werner Becker of the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics recently said,


title: Pulsar

text: The first pulsar was discovered in 1967. It was discovered by Jocelyn Bell Burnell and Antony Hewish. They worked at the University of Cambridge. The observed emission had pulses separated by 1.33 seconds. The pulses all came from the same place in the sky. The source kept to sidereal time. At first, they did not understand why pulsars have a regular change in the strength of radiation. The word "pulsar" is short for "pulsating star".


title: Pulsar

text: This original pulsar, now called CP 1919, produces radio wavelengths, but pulsars have later been found to produce radiation in the X-ray and/or gamma ray wavelengths.


title: Pulsar

text: In 1974, Antony Hewish became the first astronomer to be awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics. Controversy occurred because he was awarded the prize while Bell was not. She had made the initial discovery while she was his Ph.D. student. Bell claims no bitterness upon this point, supporting the decision of the Nobel prize committee. "Some people call it the No-Bell prize because they feel so strongly that Jocelyn Bell Burnell should have shared in the award".


title: Pulsar

text: In 1974, Joseph Hooton Taylor Jr. and Russell Hulse discovered for the first time a pulsar in a binary system. This pulsar orbits another neutron star with an orbital period of just eight hours. Einstein's theory of general relativity predicts that this system should emit strong gravitational radiation, causing the orbit to continually contract as it loses orbital energy. Observations of the pulsar soon confirmed this prediction, providing the first ever evidence of the existence of gravitational waves. As of 2010, observations of this pulsar continue to agree with general relativity. In 1993, the Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to Taylor and Hulse for the discovery of this pulsar.


title: Pulsar

text: Although all three kinds of objects are neutron stars, the things that they can be seen to do and the physics that causes this are very different. But there are some things that are similar. For example, X-ray pulsars are probably old rotation-powered pulsars that have already lost most of their energy, and can only be seen again after their binary companions expanded and matter from them started falling onto the neutron star. The process of accretion (matter falling onto the neutron star) can in turn give enough angular momentum energy to the neutron star to change it into a rotation-powered :millisecond pulsar.


title: Pulsar

text: This stability allows millisecond pulsars to be used in establishing ephemeris time, or building pulsar clocks.


title: Pulsar

text: "Timing noise" is the name for rotational irregularities observed in all pulsars. This timing noise is observable as random wandering in the pulse frequency or phase. It is unknown whether timing noise is related to pulsar glitches.


title: Pulsar

text: The study of pulsars has resulted in many uses in physics and astronomy. Major examples include the proof of gravitational radiation as forecasted by general relativity and the first proof of exoplanets. In the 1980s, astronomers measured pulsar radiation to prove that the North American and European continents are drifting away from one another. This movement is evidence of plate tectonics.


title: Mangaka

text: Mangaka (漫画家?) is the Japanese word for a comic artist or cartoonist. Outside of Japan, manga usually means a Japanese comic book. Mangaka means the author of the manga, who is usually Japanese.


title: Mangaka

text: Some artists may study at an art college, manga school, or take on an apprenticeship with another mangaka. They then enter the world of manga as a professional artist. However, there are some artists that just start in manga. One way to do this is by applying to contests that magazines run. For example, Naoko Takeuchi, author of "Sailor Moon", won such a contest sponsored by Kodansha. Osamu Tezuka, creator of "Astro Boy", began his career without being an assistant.


title: Tancredo Neves

text: Tancredo de Almeida Neves () (March 4, 1910 – April 21, 1985) was a Brazilian politician, lawyer, and businessman.


title: Tancredo Neves

text: He was Minister of Justice and Interior Affairs from 1953 to 1954, Prime Minister from 1961 to 1962, Minister of Finance in 1962, and as Governor of Minas Gerais from 1983 to 1984.


title: Tancredo Neves

text: Neves was supposed to be inaugurated as the Brazilian president on 15 March 1985, however the day before he died of diverticulitis at a São Paulo hospital, aged 75. It was also reported Neves had stomach cancer, but his diagnosis was kept secret.


title: October 2022 Conservative Party leadership election

text: The Conservative Party leadership election in October 2022 determined Liz Truss's successor as Leader of the Conservative Party and Prime Minister of the United Kingdom following her resignation on October 20, 2022.


text: By the end of October 24, the two favorites were Penny Mordaunt and Rishi Sunak. After Mordaunt dropped out of the election, Sunak became the leader on the same day, at 2pm.


text: Eleven candidates put forward for the July 2022 party leadership election. Eight people were fully nominated by Conservative MPs: Kemi Badenoch, Suella Braverman, Jeremy Hunt, Penny Mordaunt, Rishi Sunak, Liz Truss, Tom Tugendhat and Nadhim Zahawi. After five rounds of voting, MPs chose Sunak and Truss to nominate party members to vote. Truss was elected by members on September 5 with 57.4 percent of the vote.


text: Truss appointed Kwasi Kwarteng as Chancellor of the Exchequer. In September 2022, he announced a small budget with tax cuts and spending increases. What followed was a sharp fall in the value of the pound. This drew widespread criticism. Truss and Kwarteng defended the budget for more than a week before they started announcing the repeal of the most controversial measures:


text: The removal of the 45% income tax rate for the top earners; and the removal of the planned corporate income tax freeze.


text: There were allegations of manhandling, bullying, physical intimidation at a vote on Labour's motion to ban fracking that night. On October 20, 2022, Liz Truss met with the Chairman of the 1922 Committee Sir Graham Brady and Chairman of the Conservative Party Sir Jake Berry before announcing her resignation.


text: On October 20 Truss wrote in her resignation letter that the election would be completed "within the next week." Sir Graham Brady instituted a fast procedure.


text: Deadline for nominations was 2:00pm, October 24, 2022. Candidates needed support from at least 100 members of Congress by the deadline.


text: The following Conservative MP declared her intention to stand for leadership but subsequently withdrew from the race:


text: Commentators suggested the following Conservative Party politicians as candidates, who declined to stand:


text: Penny Mordaunt dropped out of the election because she was unable to get the support of 100 MPs by the deadline of the election. This allowed Rishi Sunak to win the election unopposed, and became the Leader of the Conservative Party.


title: Zenobia

text: Zenobia (240 – c. 275 ) was a queen who ruled in the 3rd century over the Palmyrene Empire in what is today Syria. She led a famous revolt against the Roman Empire. She was the second wife of King Septimius Odaenathus. Zenobia became queen of Palmyra after Odaenathus' death in 267. By 269, Zenobia had expanded the empire, taking over Egypt from the Romans. Tenagino Probus, the Roman governor, committed suicide after his failed attempt to recapture the territory. In 272 Zenobia declared herself Empress. She ruled over Egypt until 274, when she was defeated and taken as a hostage to Rome by Emperor Aurelian.


title: Zenobia

text: Zenobia was Semitic. Many people think she was either Arab, Jewish or Aramean. She gave her son an Arabic name but her family spoke the Aramaic language, the language of the Arameans. She is known by other names, such as ' () in Arabic sources, "Zenobius" in Latin sources and ' () in Aramaic sources.


title: Aristeia

text: Aristeia describes a hero's moment of greatest glory, the moment when a hero kills the most people. It is a Greek word and comes from "aristos" which means "the best". It is used many times in Homer's epic poem. the "Iliad". Several heroes in the "Illiad" had moments of aristeia. These include Agamemnon, Diomedes, and Hector.


title: Aristeia

text: In Athens, Sparta, and other city-states of Ancient Greece, the aristeia was a prize awarded to soldiers who had been very brave in battle.


title: Aristeia

text: Lucan, a Roman poet who lived from 39 to 65 AD, wrote about moments of aristeia in his epic poem called "Bellum Civile". His poem was about the war between Julius Caesar and Pompey. Virgil also used aristeia in his epic poem, the "Aeneid".


title: Sun Belt Conference

text: The Sun Belt Conference (SBC) is a group of college sports teams that play each other on the NCAA Division I level. The conference was formed in 1976, and started playing football in 2001. All 14 full members (those playing most of their sports in the league) play football in the top-level Division I FBS. The conference's full members are scattered through the southern United States.


title: Sun Belt Conference

text: At different times, the SBC has had "associate members" that play only a few sports, usually one, in the league. As of the 2022–23 school year, it has three associate members, all in men's soccer, a sport that the SBC resumed playing after a one-year absence.


title: Sun Belt Conference

text: Most associate members in league history no longer compete in the SBC. The first school to abandon single-sport membership was Utah State, which played Sun Belt football in 2003 and 2004 before joining the Western Athletic Conference (WAC) in 2005. The Aggies have been members of the Mountain West Conference since 2013.


title: Sun Belt Conference

text: Idaho and New Mexico State were involved in the league at two different times. New Mexico State first joined the Sun Belt as a full member in 2000, and brought its football team into the Sun Belt the next year. Also in 2001, Idaho joined only for football. Both left in 2005 to join the WAC. During the early 2010s, NCAA Division I went through a major phase of conference changes, with most leagues gaining or losing multiple members. The WAC was one of the most affected conferences, going through a nearly complete membership turnover that left Idaho and New Mexico State as the league's only football schools. In 2014, both placed their football programs in the Sun Belt. The conference announced in 2016 that its agreements for Idaho and New Mexico State to play football in the league would not be renewed when they ended after the 2017 season.


title: Sun Belt Conference

text: NJIT (the New Jersey Institute of Technology) was another victim of this realignment; it was forced to become an independent (not in a conference) when its former league, the Great West Conference, collapsed. Its men's soccer team joined the Sun Belt in 2014, a year before the school found a home in the ASUN Conference. Although the ASUN sponsors men's soccer, NJIT kept that team in the Sun Belt until 2016, honoring its two-year contract to play in that league.


title: Sun Belt Conference

text: Another recent change involved Hartwick, which had long competed in Division I men's soccer despite otherwise being in NCAA Division III. In 2018, Hartwick aligned completely with Division III, moving its men's soccer team to its full-time home of the Empire 8.


title: Sun Belt Conference

text: A more recent change came in 2021, when the Sun Belt shut down its men's soccer league after it dropped below the number of members needed to keep the automatic berth its champion received in the NCAA tournament. However, conference realignment would lead to the return of men's soccer after a single season.


title: Sun Belt Conference

text: Of the four schools that were announced as new members in 2021, three sponsor men's soccer—James Madison, Marshall, and Old Dominion. All were originally intended to join the SBC in 2023. With current members Coastal Carolina, Georgia Southern, and Georgia State also fielding men's soccer teams, the SBC announced it would reinstate men's soccer in 2023. However, the return of men's soccer would be moved forward to 2022 after the expansion plan changed. The revived SBC men's soccer league includes Kentucky, South Carolina, and West Virginia as single-sport members. SBC men's soccer will add another member in 2023 with the arrival of UCF, which will leave the American Athletic Conference (which runs a men's soccer league) for the Big 12 Conference (which does not). UCF's move will unite its men's soccer team with that of West Virginia, the only other current Big 12 member with a men's soccer team.


title: Mid-Atlantic Ridge

text: The Mid-Atlantic Ridge is where seafloor spreading takes place in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean. It is part of a world-wide system of mid-ocean ridges. These ridges make up the longest mountain ranges in the world, all underwater except for short stretches like Iceland. On Iceland, the Mid-Atlantic Ridge reaches the surface.


title: Mid-Atlantic Ridge

text: The Mid-Atlantic Ridge includes a deep rift valley which runs along the middle of the ridge along almost its entire length. At the rift, the boundary between tectonic plates, magma from the mantle reaches the seafloor. New magma emerges onto the ocean floor near the ridge axis. The crystallized magma forms new crust of basalt and gabbro.


title: Mid-Atlantic Ridge

text: The ridge was discovered during the expedition of HMS "Challenger" in 1872. A team of scientists on board discovered a large rise in the middle of the Atlantic. They were planning the future location for a transatlantic telegraph cable. The existence of such a ridge was confirmed by sonar in 1925