 DEAS 186-1: 2020 
ICS 71.100.40  
© EAC 2020                                                                                                                        Fourth  Edition 2020 
 
   DRAFT EAST AFRICAN STANDARD  
Bathing  soap — Specification  – Part 1: Solid  
EAST AFRICAN COMMUNITY  DEAS 186-1: 2020 
ii © EAC  2020 – All rights reserved  
 Copyright notice  
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Reproduction for sales purposes may be subject to royalty payments or a licensing agreement.  Violators 
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 DEAS 186-1: 2020 
© EAC 2020 – All rights reserved  iii 
 Foreword  
Development of the East Afr ican Standards has been necessitated by the need for harmonizing requirements 
governing quality of products and services in the East African Community. It is envisaged that through harmonized 
standardization, trade barriers that are encountered when goods and services are exchanged within the Community 
will be removed.  
The Community has established an East African Standards Committee (EASC) mandated to develop and issue 
East African Standards (EAS) and other deliverables. The Committee is composed of repre sentatives of the 
National Standards Bodies in Partner States, together with the representatives from the public and private sector 
organizations in the community.  
East African Standards are developed through Technical Committees that are representative o f key 
stakeholders including government, academia, consumer groups, private sector and other interested parties. 
Draft East African Standards are circulated to stakeholders through the National Standards Bodies in the Partner 
States. The comments received are discussed and incorporated before finalization of standards, in accordance 
with the Principles and procedures for development of East African Standards.  
East African Standards and other deliverables are subject to review, to keep pace with technologic al advances. 
Users of the East African Standards are therefore expected to ensure that they always have the latest versions 
of the standards they are implementing.  
The committee responsible for this document is Technical Committee EASC/TC 074, Surface act ive agents  
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be subject of patent rights. 
EAC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.  
This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third  edition (EAS 186:201 3), which has been technically revised . 
It incorporated the following three East African Standards  which upon its approval they will be withdrawn  
EAS 766 -1:2013  Antibacterial toilet soap – Specification – Part 1: Solid;  
EAS 877:2017  Bathing bar – Specification;  and 
EAS 878 :2018  Antibacterial bathing bar - Specification  
EAS 186 consists of the following parts, under the general title bathing soap — Specification —: 
Part 1: Solid.   
Part 2: Liquid.  
 
  DRAFT EAST AFRICAN STANDARD  DEAS 186-1: 2020 
 
© EAC 2020 – All rights reserved  1 
 Bathing  soap — Specification  Part 1 : Solid -  
1 Scope  
This Draft East African Standard specifies requirements, sampling and test methods for solid bathing  soap. It 
does not apply to carbolic soap or specialty soaps such as , transparent so ap, floating soap, liquid soap or sea -
water soap.  
2 Normative references  
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated 
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edi tion of the referenced document 
(including any amendments) applies.  
EAS 377 -1, Cosmetics  and cosmetics products  — Part 1: List of substances prohibited in cosmetic products  
EAS 377 -2, Cosmetics  and cosmetics products  — Part 2: List of substances which cosm etic products must not 
contain except subject to restrictions laid down  
EAS 377 -3, Cosmetics  and cosmetics products  — Part 3: List of colourants allowed in cosmetic products  
EAS 377 -4, Cosmetics  and cosmetics products  — Part 4: List of preservatives allow ed in cosmetic products  
EAS 377 -5, Cosmetics  and cosmetics products  — Part 5: Use of UV filters in cosmetic products  
EAS 794, Determination of the microbial inhibition of cosmetic soap bars and liquid hand and body washes — 
Test method  
EAS 814 Determinati on of biodegradability of surfactants — Test method  
ISO 457, Analysis of soap — Determination of  chloride content — Titrimetric method  
ISO 456, Surface active agents — Analysis of soaps — Determination of free caustic alkali  
ISO 684, Analysis of soap — Determination of total free alkali  
ISO 685, Analysis of soap — Determination of alkali content and total fatty matter content  
ISO 673, Analysis of soap — Determination of ethanol insoluble matter  
ISO 862, Surface active agents — Vocabulary  
ISO 1067, Analysis of soap — Determination of unsaponifiable, unsaponified and unsaponified saponfiable 
matter  
ISO 4315 , Surface active agents -- Determination of alkalinity -- Titrimetric method  
3 Terms and definitions  
For the purposes of this East African S tandard  the terms and definitions given  in ISO 862 and the following 
apply.  DEAS 186 -1: 2020   
2 © EAC  2020 – All rights reserved  
 3.1 
soap  
product formed by the saponification or neutralization of fats, oils, waxes, rosins or their acids with organic or 
inorganic bases  
3.2 
bathing soap  
soap which is intended for use in bathi ng 
3.3 
toilet soap  
bathing soap containing fatty acids and  does not contain synthetic surface -active agents  
3.4 
Antibacterial toilet soap  
toilet soap  contai ning antibacterial agent (s) 
3.5 
Bathing bar  
bathing soap containing fatty acids and/or synthetic su rface -active agents.  
3.6 
Antibacterial bathing soap  
bathing bar  containing antibacterial agent (s)  
3.7 
saponification  
chemical reaction in which a fat is converted into a soap by the action of a base  
3.8 
colouring matter  
any safe dyestuff that may be use d to colour toilet soap  
3.9 
free caustic alkali  
uncombined caustic alkali present in a soap  
3.10 
total fatty matter  
water -insoluble or ether soluble fatty matter under the specified conditions of test  
3.11 
total free alkali  
sum of the free caustic alkal i and the free carbonate alkali contents  
4 Requirements  
4.1 General requirements  
4.1.1  Bathing soap shall include the following;  
a) Toilet soap  
b) Antibacterial toilet soap  
c) Bathing bar 
d) Antibacterial bathing bar  DEAS 186 -1: 2020  
© EAC 2020 – All rights reserved  3 
  
4.1.1  Bathing soap shall not cause skin irritation and shall have good lathering and cleansing properties.  
4.1.2  Perfumes and colouring matter may be added .  
4.1.3  Bathing  soap shall be firm and of uniform texture and colour and shall be  free from objectionable 
(disagre eable) odour.  
4.1.4  Toilet soap shall remain hard , smooth and  not crumble when tested in accordance with Annex A.  
4.1.5  All the substances used  in bathing soap shall comply with the requirements of all parts of EAS 377.  
4.1.6  The an tibacterial bathing soap shall pass the antibacterial activity test when determined by the method 
given in EAS 794 . 
4.1.7  The active ingredients used shall be biodegradable when tested according to EAS 814  
4.2 Specific requirements  
Bathing  soap shall comply with the specific requirements specified in Table 1  for toilet soap and Table 2 for 
bathing bar  
Table 1 — Specific requirements for toilet soap  
S/No.  Characteristic  Requirement s Method of 
test 
 Toilet soap  Antibacterial 
toilet soap  
i.  Total fa tty matter content, % by mass, min 76.0 76.0 ISO 685  
ii.  Content of matter insoluble in ethanol, % by mass, max  2.0 2.5 ISO 673  
iii.  Free caustic alkali content as NaOH, % by mass, max  0.1 0.1 ISO 456  
iv.  Free fatty acids content as oleic acid, % by mass, max  0.3 0.3 Annex B  
v.  Chlorides content as NaCI, % by mass, max  0.8 0.8 ISO 457  
vi.  Unsaponified fatty matter content, % by mass, max  0.5 0.5 ISO 1067  
vii.  Antibacterial agent TricIosan (TCN) and  Trichlorocarbanilide 
(TCC), % by mass, max.  
 n/a 1.0 
either singly 
or in 
combination  Annex C 
viii.  Chloroaniline content , ppm, max  n/a 10.0 Annex D 
ix.  Antibacterial activity  n/a To pass the 
test EAS 794.  
NOTE  1 Solid toilet soap is liable to lose moisture on storage. The results of analysis in respect to free caus tic alkali, 
free carbonated alkali and matter insoluble in alcohol should be recalculated in relation to the minimum specified total 
fatty matter by means of the following equation:   
matter fatty  total actualmatter fatty  total specified minimum  result  actualresult Corrected
 
The corrected results should  be used to determine  whether the product is up to standard . 
NOTE 2  Trichlorocarbanilide (TCC) is not heat stable and decomposes into chloro  anilines on prolonged heating 
above 60 °C. If TCC is used in soap, the manufacturer should take care that such soap is not subjected to temperature 
above 60°C during the entire manufacturing process or during storage.  
 
 
 DEAS 186 -1: 2020   
4 © EAC  2020 – All rights reserved  
 Table 2 – Specific requirements for  bathing bar 
 
SI No.  Characteristic  Requirement  Test method  
bathing bar  Antibacterial 
bathing bar  
i.  Total fatty matter, % by mas s, min  50.0 50.0 ISO 685  
ii.  Lather, mL, min  200 200 Annex E 
iii.  Mush (loss in mass due mushing on a wet 
surface), g/30 cm2, max  10.0 10.0 Annex F 
iv.  Freedom from grittiness  To pass a test  To pass a 
test Annex G  
v.  Total alkalinity (as NaOH) % by mass, max  1.0  1.0 ISO 4315  
vi.  Rosins, as % of total fatty matter, max  2 2 Annex H  
vii.  Antibacterial agent TricIosan (TCN) and  
Trichlorocarbanilide (TCC), % by mass, max.  
 n/a 
 1.0 
either singly 
or in 
combination  Annex C 
viii.  Chloroaniline content, ppm, max  n/a 10.0 Annex D 
ix.  Antibacterial activity  n/a To pass the 
test EAS 794.  
NOTE 1  Solid bathing bar is liable to lose moisture on storage. The results of analysis in respect to free caustic alkali, free 
carbonated alkali and matter insoluble in alcohol should be recal culated in relation to the minimum specified total fatty matter by 
means of the following equation:  
matter fatty  total actualmatter fatty  total specified minimum  result  actualresult Corrected
 
The corrected results should be used to determine whether the product is up to standard.  
NOTE 2  Trichlorocarbanilide (TCC) is not h eat stable and decomposes into chloro anilines on prolonged heating above 60 
°C. If TCC is used in soap, the manufacturer should take care that such soap is not subjected to temperature above 60°C 
during the entire manufacturing process or during storage.  
5 Pack aging and labelling  
5.1 Pack aging  
Toilet soap shall be so wrapped as to protect them from damage and excessive loss or gain of moisture .  
5.2 Labelling  
Each package  shall be legibly and indelibly labelled either in English, Kiswahili or French or combination or any 
other language as agreed between the manufacturer and supplier with the following information : 
a) name of product  as “Toilet soap , Antibacteria l toilet soap , Bathing bar or Antibacterial bathing bar ”; 
b) manufacturer’s name and physical address;  
NOTE  The name, physical address of the distributor/supplier and trade mark may be added as required.  
c) batch number  or lot number ;  
d) e) net content ;  
f) country of origin ; DEAS 186 -1: 2020  
© EAC 2020 – All rights reserved  5 
 g) antibacterial agent (s) used (for antibacterial soap/ bar); 
h) list of ingredients in descending order of quantity ; and  
i) date of manufacture and best before date .  
6 Sampling  
Sampling shall be done in acc ordance to Annex I. 
7 Criteria for conformity  
The lot shall be deemed to comply with the requirements of this standard if, after inspection and testing, the 
requirements of Clause 4 and 5 are satisfied.  DEAS 186 -1: 2020   
6 © EAC  2020 – All rights reserved  
 Annex  A 
(normative)  
 
Texture and stability test  
When immersed in 1 L of distilled water for 1 h at 25 °C – 30 °C, toilet soap shall not show signs of disintegration, 
and when dried at room temperature for 25 h thereafter, it shall not crumble, crack or break.  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 DEAS 186 -1: 2020  
© EAC 2020 – All rights reserved  7 
 Annex B 
(normative)  
 
Determination of free fatty acids content as oleic acid  
 
 
B.1  Barium chloride method  
 
B.1.1  Apparatus  
 
B.1.1.1  500 mL  conical flask . 
 
B.1.1.2  Reflux c ondenser to fit the flask.  
 
B.1.2  Reagents  
 
B.1.2.1  Distilled water or water,  of at least equivalent purity, free from carbon dioxide . 
 
B.1.2.2  Ethanol,  95 per cent (V/V), free from carbon dioxide and distilled over potassium  hydroxide . 
 
B.1.2.3  Ethanol,  aqueous solution 60 per cent (V/V), neutralized.  
 
Mix 125 mL ethanol (B.1.2.2), 75 mL disti lled water (B.1.2.1) and 1 mL of indicator (B.1.2.7 ). Neutralize to a 
violet colour with an a queous solution of potassium or sodium hydroxide (B.1.2.4 ). Heat under ref lux f or 10 min. 
Allow to cool to room temperatu re. Add 1 mL  of indicator (B.1.2.7 ). Neut ralize with the hydrochloric  
acid solution (3.5.6) until the violet colour disappears.  
 
B.1.2.4. Potassium or sodium hydroxide,  0.1 N aqueous solution . 
 
B.1.2.5  Barium chloride,  aqueous solution . 
 
Dissolve 10 g of barium chloride dihydrate (BaC l2. 2H20) in 90 ml of distilled water (B.1.2.1 ). Neutralize  with 
potassium or sodi um hydro xide (B.1.2.4) in the presence of indicator ( B.1.2.7 ) until a violet colour appears.  
 
B.1.2.6. Hydrochloric acid,  0.1 N aqueous solution, accurately standardized . 
 
B.1.2.7  Indica tor mixture,  phenolphthalein -thymol blue, ethanolic solution . 
 
Dissolve 1 g of phenolphthalein and 0.5 g of thymol blue in 100 ml of hot ethanol  (B.1.2.2 ). Filter.  
 
B.2  Procedure  
 
Weigh, to the nearest 0.01 g, about 5 g of soft soap in to a conical flask ( B.1.1.1). Add 200 ml of ethanol (B.1.2.3 ). 
Connect the reflux condenser  (B.1.1.2). Bring to the boil for 10 min . Add an excess of 0.1 N ethanolic potassium 
hydroxide solution of exactly known normality.  
 
Add to this boiling solution 20 mL  of barium chlorid e solution (B.1.2.5) in small portions shaking thoroughly. Cool 
with running water to room temperature.  
 
Add 1 mL  of the indicator mixture (B.1.2.7 ). Titrate immediately with the hydrochloric  acid solution (B.1.2.6 ) until 
the violet colour disappears.  
 
 
 
 
 
 DEAS 186 -1: 2020   
8 © EAC  2020 – All rights reserved  
 B.3  Expression of results  
 
The free fatty acids as oleic acid,  expressed as a percentage ( m/m) of pota ssium hydroxide, is given by the 
formula  
 
mTV6.5
 
 
Where  
 
V  is the number of ml of hydrochloric acid solution ( B.1.2.6 ) used ; 
 
T  is the exact normality of the hydrochloric acid solution ( B.1.2.6 ) used ; 
 
m  is the mass, in g, of the test portion . 
 
 DEAS 186 -1: 2020  
© EAC 2020 – All rights reserved  9 
 Annex C 
(normative)  
 
Determination of Trichlorocarbanilide (TCC) and TricIosan (TCN)  in 
soaps by HPLC  
C.1 Principle  
TCC and TCN are antibacte rial agents, which are separated from other components in soap by normal phase 
or reverse phase liquid chromatography, detected spectrophotometrically and quantified by comparison with 
standard TCC and TCN. The method can estimate as low as 1 ppm of the ab ove compounds:  
Procedures for both normal and reverse HPLC has been described and provide the option to use either method 
whichever is available to the users. Both methods are comparable.  
C.2 Normal phase HPLC  
C.2.1 Reagents  
C.2.1.1  Iso-octane , HPLC grade  
C.2.1.2  Iso-propanol (2 -propanol) , HPLC grade  
C.2.1.3  Hexane , HPLC grade  
C.2.1.4  Standard TCC , 99 % pure  
C.2.1.5  Standard TCN , 99 % pure  
C.2.2 Apparatus  
C.2.2.1  High Performance Liquid Chromatograph consisting of a pump, a sample injector of fixed 
volume w ith UV detector having vari able wavelengths and a recorder  
C.2.2.2  Standard volumetric flasks  
C.2.2.3  Pipettes  
C.2.2.4  Magnetic stirrer  
C.2.2.5  Millipore filter apparatus  with 0.5 micron  filter 
C.2.2.6  Column , comprising : 
a) Silica column , stainless steel 25 cm x 0.46 cm packed with Normal phase -silica 5 micron  
(Lichrosorb Si -60); or 
b) Cyano column , stainless steel 25 cm x 0.40 cm packed with (Lichrospher 100) cyano 5 
micron . 
NOTE  Either, of the above columns can be used depending on the availability.  
C.2.2.7  Mobile phase : 
a) for silica column, transfer 20 mL of iso -propanol into a 500 -mL volumetric flask and make up to mark 
with iso -octane and mix well. Assemble millipore filter apparatus and filter the solvent system prior to 
use; and  
b) for cyano column,  transfer 5 0 mL of HPLC grade iso -propanol (2 -propanol) into a 500 -mL volumetric 
flask, fill up to the mark with hexane and mix well. Assemble millipore filter apparatus and filter the 
solvent system prior to use.  
C.2.2.8  HPLC conditions  which include the following:  
a) Detector wavelength flow rate:  280 nm ; 
b) Flow rate:       0.5 mL/min ; 
c) Injection volume:     20 µL;  DEAS 186 -1: 2020   
10 © EAC  2020 – All rights reserved  
 d) Retention time ; 
e) Silica column : 
 TCN - 7.5 min ; and   
 TCC - 19.2 min ; 
f) Cyano column : 
 TCN - 4.0 min ; and 
 TCC - 7.5 min . 
C.2.3 Procedure  
C.2.3.1  Standard preparation ( see note under B.3.4)  
Weigh accurately 25 mg of Triclosan (TCN) and 25 mg of TCC into a 100 -mL volumetric flask and make up to 
volume with the mobile phase and mix well. Pipette 1.0 mL of this solution in a 50 mL volumetric flask and dilute 
with mobile pha se. Final concentration of TCC and TCN is 250 µg/50 mL (5.0 ppm).  
C.2.3.2  Sample preparation  
Weigh accurately 1 g of homogenized sample into a 100 -mL standard flask, and dilute to the mark with mobile 
phase. Pipette 10 mL of the supernatant liquid to a 50 -mL volumetric flask, dilute with mobile phase, to the mark, 
and filter through 0.45 m filter.  
C.2.3.3  Chromatography  
Equilibrate the column, maintained at a temperature of 30 °C, with the mobile phase with a flow rate of 0.5 mL 
/min for iso -octane - iso-propanol mobile phase and 1.0 mL/min for Hexane - iso-propanol mobile phase for 30 
min. Set the wavelength at 280 nm. Inject 20 µL of standard solution and then sample solutions.  
Measure area of the peaks of respective retention time for standard and sample . 
C.2.4 Calculation  
TCN shall be expressed as follows:  
100x
sample of  ion Concentratx TCN standard of AreaTCN standard of ion Concentratx TCN for sample of Areamassby  percent TCN, 
 
100x
sample of  ion Concentratx TCC standard of AreaTCC standard of ion Concentratx TCC for sample of Areamassby  percent TCC, 
 
C.3 Reverse phase  
C.3.1 Reagents  
C.3.1.1  Methanol, HPLC grade  
C.3.1.2  Sodium Dihydrogen Phosphate Monohydrate , chemical grade  
C.3.1.3 Standard TCC  
C.3.1.4  Standard TCN (TCS)  
C.3.2 Apparatus  
C.3.2.1  Column  
C.3.2.1.1  Octyldimethylsilyl (C -DB) 
C.3.2.1.2  Supercosil LC -8-DB, 15 cm x 4.6 mm . 5 micron  
C.3.2.2  Mobile phase  
MeOH/0.01 M Phosphate buffer 62:38 v/v DEAS 186 -1: 2020  
© EAC 2020 – All rights reserved  11 
 0.01 M Phosphate buffer: Disso lve 1.38 g sodium dihydrogen phosphate monohydrate in 1 000 mL of distilled 
water. Prepare to pH 3.0 by 10 % phosphate solutions.  
C.3.3 Procedure  
C.3.3.1  Standard preparation (see Note under C.3.4) 
C.3.3.1.1  Weigh accurately about 90 mg of TCN. Dissolve in  methanol and make up to 1 000 mL volumetric 
flask with methanol.  
C.3.3.1.2  Weigh about 110 mg of TCC, dissolve well with methanol, and make up the volume to 1 000 mL.  
C.3.3.1.3  Accurately pipette 10 mL of the solution prepared in C.3.3.1.1 into the volume tric flask containing 
TCC (C.3.3.1.2 ). And make up to the volume with methanol. Then accurately pipette 5 ml of the solution into a 
50-mL volumetric flask. Make up to the volume with methanol. Filter this standard solution through 0.45 µm 
filter.  
C.3.3.2  Sample preparation  
Weigh accurately about 1.0 g of product, dissolve in methanol and make up to 100 mL in a volumetric flask with 
methanol. Filter this sample solution through 0.45 m filter.  
C.3.3.3  HPLC conditions  
The HPLC conditions include the following : 
a) Detector wavelength : 280 nm ; 
b) Column temperature : 35 ºC ; 
c) Flow rate :    1.0 mL/min ; and  
d) Injection volume :  10 µL . 
Prepare the standard solution and the sample solution at the same time. Inject the standard solution three times 
and calculate the average of each ingredients peak count. Inject 10 µg the sample solution and determine each 
ingredients percentage by the calculation shown.  
C.3.4 Calculations  
The TCN and TCC shall be expressed as follows:  
TCN, percent by mass = 
 
 100 t sr s

MAFA M  
TCC, percent by mass =  
 
 100 t sr s

MAFA M  
where  
Ar is the peak area of the test sample ; 
As is the averaged peak area of the standard ;  
F is the purity , expressed as percent , of the standard;  
Ms is the mass, in grams, of the standard ; and 
Mt is the mass, in grams,  of the test sample . 
NOTE  Both TCC and TCN are photosensitive, hence standards should be freshly prepared.  
 
 
 DEAS 186 -1: 2020   
12 © EAC  2020 – All rights reserved  
 Annex D 
(normative)  
 
Determination of chloroaniline  
D.1 Principle  
The chloroanilines are extracted from soap with dimethyl sulfoxide and diazotize d with nitrous acid. The reaction 
products are then coupled with N -1-(naphthyl ) ethylenediamine hydrochloride to produce coloured compounds 
which are estimated spectrophotometrically.  
D.2 Safety precautions  
Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is readily absorbed int o the skin. Inhalation or skin penetration must be avoided. 
DMSO should never be pi petted using mouth. Always use pipette bulb. The standard chloroanilines and N -1-
(naphthyl) -ethylenediamine hydrochloride shall not be allowed to come into contact with the  skin. If they should, 
then wash the contaminated parts thoroughly with soap and water.  
A supply of diluted sodium hypochlorite should be at hand at all times to deal with accidental spillages of 
chlor oaniline solution. Spillage on laboratory surface shoul d be treated immediately with the sodium hypochlorite 
solution, followed by water.  
D.3 Reagents  
D.3.1 Dimethyl Sulphoxide (DMSO) , AR grade  
D.3.2 Hydrochloric acid , concentrated (specific gravity , 1.18)  
D.3.3 Sodium nitrite , 0.4 % w/v analytical grade, fres hly prepared (aqueous)  
D.3.4 Ammonium sulphamate , 2 % w/v solution freshly prepared (aqueous)  
D.3.5 N-1-(naphthyl) ethylene , 0.1 % w/v solution diamine hydrochloride freshly prepared (aqueous)  
D.3.6 n-Butanol , AR grade  
D.3.7 Sand , acid purified 40 - 100 mi cron mesh  
D.3.8 Solvent mixture  comprising:  
 DMSO    5 volumes  
 n-Butanol    2 volumes  
 Distilled water   2 volumes  
 Hydrochloric acid  1 volume  
Mix n-butanol, water and HCI. Cool the mixture and add DMSO.  
D.3.9 4-Chloroaniline and 3, 4 -Dichloroaniline , AR grade  DEAS 186 -1: 2020  
© EAC 2020 – All rights reserved  13 
 D.4 Apparatus  
D.4.1 Spectrophotometer,  suitable for use at 554 nm  
D.4.2 Cuvettes , glass (matched pair) 10 mm  
D.4.3 Water bath , thermostatically controlled at 25 °C  
D.4.4 Stop watch  
D.4.5 Standard laboratory glassware  
D.4.6 Filter Paper,  Whatman No. 541  
D.5 Procedure  
D.5.1 Dissolve 0.349 8 g of 3, 4-dichloroaniline and 0.2753 g of 4 -chloroaniline in solvent mixture (see D.3.8) 
in a 250 mL amber volumetric flask.  
Dilute to mar k with solvent mixture  [1 mL is 2.5 mg mixed chloroanilines (stock solution) ]. 
D.5.2 Dilute this stock solution with solvent mixture as given below:  
a) take 5 mL of stock solution and dilute it to 250 mL with solvent mixture (1 mL = 50 µg mixed 
chloroanilines) ; and  
b) take 5 mL of the above solution [ see (a)] and further dilute to 250 mL with sol vent mixture. [1 mL = 1 µg 
mixed chloroanilines].  
Use this solution for preparation of calibration curve.  
Transfer using a burette 0, 1 mL, 2 mL, 5 mL, 10 mL, 20 mL, 40 mL into 50 mL amber volumetric flasks.  
D.5.3 From a burette, add sufficient solvent mix ture to make total volume to 40 -mL in each flask. The flasks 
are incubated in a water bath at 25 °C for 20 min: After exactly 20 min, add 2 -mL of reagent (see D.3.3) into 
each flask and return them to the water bath for exactly 10 min (measure with a stop watch).  
Then add 2  mL of reagent (see D.3.4) into each flask and return them to the water bath for exactly 10 min. Swirl 
the flask occasionally.  
Then add 2  mL of reagent (see D.3.5) into each flask and remove them from the water bath. Dilute to volume 
with distilled water, mix and allow to stand for 30 min. Measure absorbance at 554 nm against the blank solution 
as prepared in D.5.4. 
D.5.4 In preparing the blank solution, take 40 mL of solvent mixture in a 50 mL amber volumetric flask. 
Incubate the flask in  a water bath at 25 °C for 20 min. After exactly 20 min, add 2 mL of reagent ( see D.3.3) into 
the flask and return it to the water bath for exactly 10 min. Then add 2 mL of reagent ( see D.3.4) into the flask 
and return it to the water bath for exactly 10 m in (swirl the flask occasionally). Then add 2 mL of reagent (see 
C.3.5 ) into the flask and remove it from the water bath. Dilute to volume with distilled water, mix and allow to 
stand for 30 min. Use this blank solution for preparation of calibration curve  only.  
D.5.5 Prepare a graph by plotting weight ( g) of chloroanilines contained in each 50 mL -flask against 
absorbance. The linear calibration will pass through the origin/or determine the average absorbance ( AA) of 1 
g of mixed chloroanilines by dividin g sum of absorbances of all different aliquots of the standard by sum of g 
of chloroanilines in all different aliquots of standard.  DEAS 186 -1: 2020   
14 © EAC  2020 – All rights reserved  
 D.6 Determination of chloroanilines  
D.6.1 Weigh to the nearest mg 3.0  g - 15 g of finely grated soap and add 10.0 g - 15.0 g of acid purified sand. 
Transfer quantitatively the sample and the sand into a mortar and grind the mixture thoroughly with a pestle to 
give a homogenous mass. Transfer the mass to a previously weighed 250 -mL flat bottom flask quantitatively 
and reweigh. Add DMSO (100 mL), stopper firmly and attach the flask to an automatic shaker. Shake for 1 h. 
Filter the DMSO extract through Whatman No. 541 into a 250 mL amber volumetric flask. Wash the flask and 
filter paper with small aliquots of DMSO. Allow the filtr ate to drain completely, dilute to volume with DMSO and 
mix. Transfer 20 mL DMSO extract into a 50 -mL amber volumetric flask. Add 20 mL of solvent mixture. The 
flask is incubated in a water bath at 25 °C for 20 min. After exactly 20 min, add 2 mL of reagen t (see D.3.3) into 
the flask and return it to the water bath for exactly 10 min (measure with a stop watch). Then add 2 mL of 
reagent (see D.3.4) into the flask and return it to the water bath for exactly 10 min (swirl the flask occasionally). 
Then add 2 m L of reagent (see D.3.5) into the flask and remove it from the water bath. Dilute to volume with 
distilled water, mix and allow to stand for 30 min. Read the absorbance at 554 nm against blank (prepared as 
below).  
D.6.2 Prepare the blank solution by mixing  20 mL of DMSO extract of sample and 20 mL of solvent mixture 
in a 50 mL amber volumetric flask. Incubate the flask in a water bath at 25 °C for 20 min.  
After exactly 20 min, add 2 mL of distilled water into the flask and return it to the water bath for e xactly 10 min. 
Then add 2 mL of reagent (see D.3.4) into the flask and return it to the water bath for exactly 10 min (swirl the 
flask occasionally). Then add 2 mL of reagent (see D.3.5) into the flask and remove it from the water bath. Dilute 
to volume wi th distilled water, mix and allow to stand for 30 min. Use this solution as a blank for reading sample 
only.  
D.6.3 Deduce the amount of chloroanilines (µg) from the calibration graph curve.  
NOTE  The determination should be completed in one day.  
D.7 Calcula tions  
Determine the amount of mixed chloroanilines in the aliquot of test solution from the calibration graph.  
Chloroaniline content (in ppm) = 

MMMMM
23 1
20250  
where  
M is the mass, in grams, of soap ; 
M1 is the mass, in grams, of sand ; 
M2 is the mas s, in grams, of soap and sand transferred to the flask ; and  
M3 is the mass, in micrograms,  of mixed chloroanilines found from calibration graph/or it can be calculated 
as given below:  
M3 = 
(AA) ines chloroanil mixed g  1 of absorbance Averagesample the of Mass
μ  
where  
AA = 
g in ines chloroanil standard of ion concentrat of Sumstandards the of OD the of Sum
μ  
 
 
Weight  of soap actually used, in g  = 
12
MMMM
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 DEAS 186 -1: 2020  
© EAC 2020 – All rights reserved  15 
 Annex E 
(normative)  
Test for lather volume  of Bathing bar  
E.1 General  
Strict attention shall be paid to all details of the procedure in order to ensure concordant results. Particular  care 
shou ld be taken to invert the cylinder exactly as described.  
 
E.2 Outline of the method  
A suspension of the material in standard hard water is taken in a graduated cylinder and given 12 inversions 
under prescribed conditions. The volume of the foam formed is  observed after keeping the cylinder for 5 minutes.  
  
E.3 Reagents  
E.3.1 Calcium chloride CaCl 2.2H 2O, AR  
E.3.2 Magnesium sulphate MgSO 4.7H 2O, AR  
E.3.3 Distilled water  
 
E.4 Apparatus  
E.4.2 100 -mL glass beaker  
E.4.3 Thermometer of range 0 - 110◦C  
 
E.5 Preparation of standard hard water  
Dissolve 0.220 g of calcium chloride dihydrate and 0.246 g of magnesium sulphate heptahydrate in distilled 
water. Dilute to 5 L with distilled water.  
 
NOTE This standard hard water has a hardness of approximate ly 50 ppm calculated as calcium carbonate.  
 
E.6 Sample preparation  
Cut away the outer edges of bathing bar using a knife . 
Using a stand up type of grater, grate up to 10 g – 15 g of the bathing bar into small chips.  
 
E.7 Procedure  
Weigh 1 g of the grate d chips antibacterial bathing bar accurately in a 100 -mL glass beaker. Add 10 mL of the 
standard hard water. Cover the beaker with a watch glass and allow to stand for 30 min. The operation is carried 
out to disperse the antibacterial bathing bar.  
 
Stir t he contents of the beaker with a glass rod and transfer the slurry to a 250 500-mL graduated cylinder 
ensuring that not more than 2 mL foam is produced. Repeat the transfer of the residue left in the beaker with 
further portions of 20 mL of standard hard w ater ensuring that all the matter in the beaker is transferred to the 
cylinder.  
 
Adjust the contents in the cylinder to 100 mL by adding sufficient standard hard water. Bring the contents of the 
cylinder to 30 ◦C. Stir the contents of the cylinder with a glass rod or thermometer to ensure a uniform 
suspension.  
 
As soon as the temperature of the contents of the cylinder reach 30 ◦C, stopper the cylinder and give it 12 
complete inversions, each inversion comprisi ng movements in a vertical plane, upside down and vice versa. 
After the 12 inversions, let the cylinder stand for 5 min. Take the following readings as shown in Figure A.1:  
a) foam plus water (V 1 mL).  
b) water only (V 2mL). 
 
 
 
 
 
 DEAS 186 -1: 2020   
16 © EAC  2020 – All rights reserved  
  
Figure E.1 — Measurement of foam  
 
E.8 Calculation  
 
Lather volume = V1 - V2  
 
where  
V1 = Volume, in mL of foam + water;  
V2 = Volume, in mL of water only.  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DEAS 186 -1: 2020  
© EAC 2020 – All rights reserved  17 
 Annex F 
(normative)  
 
Evaluation of the mushing properties of a bathin g bar  
F.1  Principle  
A test piece of defined size is cut from the sample bar to remove harder outer layers. The test piece is 
preconditioned by giving 18 x 180 degree twists under running water at 25 °C or in a bowl of water at 25 °C. 
The bar is left for  six hours on a piece of fabric that has been wetted and drained of excess water. During the 
six hours the soap/ cloth are covered to prevent drying.  At the end of the test period mush is removed from the 
test piece face in contact with the cloth. Weight loss from the test piece is expressed as mush per 30 cm2
 of 
original surface area in contact with the cloth.  
F.2  Equipment  
F.2.1  For sample preparation  
F.2.1.1  Coarse kitchen cheese grater  
 
F.2.1.2  Sharp thin blade knife or carpenters plane  
 
F.2.1.3  Callipers or ruler,  to ensure the sample dimensions  
 
F.2.1.4   Other equipment/ materials for the test  
Plastic or non -corrodible trays which are suitable sized for the test piece. Plastic soap dishes 7 cm x 11 cm x 2 
cm are quite suitable.  
Cotton cloth pieces cut and folded to fit as a triple layer inside the trays. Normal, flat weave, cotton sheeting as 
used for bed sheets will be quite suitable.  
F.3  Bar preparation  
F.3.1  Three (3) individual bars of a type should be tested. A test piece is cut from  each bar. The test piece 
should if possible have a working face (to be applied to the fabric) of 6 cm ±1 cm x 4 cm ±1 cm.  
All bars in a set shall be cut to have the same face size. If the smallest of the range of bars to be tested at a 
given time is too small to allow a working face within these limits, then all bars should be cut to the maximum 
size possible from the smallest bar.  
The longest axis of the test piece (6 ±1) cm should be from a direction parallel to the longest axis of the original 
bar sam ple.  
The working face should be a fresh surface from the interior of the bar sample. The face opposite the working 
face should be identified by making a small hole with a sharp object. This enables the working face to be 
identified after the preconditioni ng step.  
F.3.2  To cut the bar it is convenient to first trim it to the approximate size using a coarse kitchen cheese 
grater and then to make the final adjustments to a smooth surface with a sharp thin -bladed knife or carpenters 
plane. If a plane is used , it is better to move the bar over the plane blade.  
F.4  Test procedure  
For each test piece  
 DEAS 186 -1: 2020   
18 © EAC  2020 – All rights reserved  
 F.4.1  The tray plus triple thickness of cloth is filled with demineralised water. The tray is then held vertically 
to drain the water from the cloth. The vert ical position is maintained until water ceases to run from the dish in a 
continuous stream i.e. starts to drip.   
 
F.4.2  The area of the working face of the test piece is measured (A).  
 
F.4.3  The working face of the bar is placed onto the damp fabric an d then the tray plus soap are covered 
e.g. with a sealed plastic bag, to prevent water loss.  
 
F.4.4  The covered test piece and holder are maintained at 25 oC for 6 h.  
 
F.4.5  The mushed soap test piece is removed from the tray and is weighed (W1).  
 
F.4.6  Mush is removed from the working face of the soap test piece by scraping with the edge of a blunt 
sided spatula or plastic ruler.  
 
F.4.7  The test piece is reweighed (W2) and the amount of mush removed is calculated as in D.5.  The 
mush is expressed a s grams per 30cm2
 of original test piece surface area.  
 
NOTE   The procedure for weighing the bar and removing the mush will take some minutes. During that time the remaining 
soaps will continue to form mush. While this time is not critical for a set of t hree test pieces from a given product, if more 
than one product is under test it is advised to stagger the start of the test for the second product. This will give adequate  
time to complete work on the first set before the 6 -hour storage time of the subseq uent set is completed.  
 
F.5  Calculation  
 
Weight of mush (grams) W = W1 – W2 
 
Surface area of bar (cm2) A = (width x breadth)  
 
Mush =
Ag30W per 30 cm2 
  
F.6  Criteria for conformity  
The test is done with three (3) separate samples of each product type, and the mean value from three samples 
is quoted (X). The range of values (R) is quoted as the difference between the highest and lowest values 
obtained for a given product type.  
The sample lot of products shall be declared as conforming to t he requirements for this standard if X + 0.6R is 
less than the maximum value given in Table 2.  DEAS 186 -1: 2020  
© EAC 2020 – All rights reserved  19 
 Annex G 
(normative)  
Determination of grittiness in bathing bar  
 
G.1  Procedure  
Either  
Hold the antibacterial bathing bar  under a smooth stream of running water at a temperature of 30 °C and gently 
rub the two sides of the bar on the palm of one hand for one minute each side.  
or  
Immerse the soap in a bowl containing 5 L of water at 30 °C and gently rub two opposite bar faces with the palm 
of one hand for 3 0 s (15 s per bar face). Remove the bar from the water and continue to gently rub the two 
opposite bar faces for a further 30 s (15 s per face).  
Allow the used bar to dry in the open for 4 hours and examine the surface.   
A set of 3 samples will be tested for each product.  
NOTE 1: Hands will become hydrated and insensitive with prolonged immersion in water.  Testers should wait 15 min 
between testing every 3 sets of products (9 grit tests).   
NOTE 2:  If using a bowl rather than running water use fresh wat er after testing every set of 3 samples.  
G.2  Criteria for conformity  
The performance criteria are:  
During manipulation under running water the washing bar will not have a visibly rough surface and will feel 
smooth to the touch. No gritty particles will  be observed on the surface of the dried bar 4 h after the washing 
test. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 DEAS 186 -1: 2020   
20 © EAC  2020 – All rights reserved  
 Annex H 
(normative)  
 
Determination of rosins  
H.1 General  
H.1.1 Colophonium (commercial rosins) only shall be considered as rosin for the purpose of this standard. The  
mean equivalent weight of the rosin acid is taken as 346.  
H.1.2 The method described in this test gives results approximately one percent higher than the actual amount 
of rosin present. As a result, the percentage of actual rosin acids present is one less  than the percentage of 
rosin acids found experimentally and hence minus one in the formula.  
H.2 Reagents  
H.2.1 Dilute Sulphuric Acid  — 30 % (w/v) obtained by cautiously adding 16 ml of sulphuric acid, specific 
gravity 1.84 to 70 ml of water.  
H.2.2. Beta -naphthalene Sulphuric Acid Solution  — C10H7SO 3H) — Obtained by dissolving 40 g of the 
chemical in one litre of chemically pure, absolute methyl alcohol.  
H.2.3 Standard Alcoholic Potassium Hydroxide Solution  — Approximately 0.2 N in 95 % (v/v) ethyl alcohol 
or in rectified spirit, accurately standardized. Since alcohol is volatile, frequent restandardization is necessary.  
H.2.4 Phenolphthalein Indicator  — Obtained by dissolving 1 g in 100 ml of 95 % (v/v) ethyl alcohol.  
H.3 Procedure  
H.3.1 Dissolve 10 g - 50 g of the sample in about 500 ml of hot water. Add 10 m l - 50 ml of the dilute sulphuric 
acid to split the bar, keep in steam -bath until the fatty matter separates as a clear layer and siphon off the lower 
aqueous acid layer. Add 300 ml of hot water, boil gently for a few minutes and siphon off the aqueous layer.  
Repeat the washing with hot water several times until the wash liquor is free of mineral acids.  Complete the 
acidification and washing in as a short period as possible, keeping the beaker covered  to prevent oxidation of 
the acids.  Remove the last traces of water from the fatty acids through one or two thickness of filter paper and 
dry at 105 ˚C ± 2 ˚C for 45 min - 50 min.  
H.3.2 Weigh accurately 2 g of the mixture of fatty and rosin acids into an esterification flask and add 25 ml of 
beta-naphthalene sulphonic acid solution.  Boil gently under a reflux condenser for 30 min, adding a few glass 
beads to ensure smooth boiling.  Cool the contents of the flask and titrate immediately with standard alcoholic 
potassium hydroxide solution, using 0.5 ml of phenolphthalein indicator.  The end point is reached when the 
pink colour persists for 30 s.  
H.3.3 Conduct simultaneously a blank determination with 25 ml of the etherifying agent alone.  
H.4 Calculation  
H.4.1 Rosin acids in fatty matter shall be expressed as follows : 
a) Rosin in fatty acids, percent by mass, uncorrected  =

MNBS 34.6   
 
where  DEAS 186 -1: 2020  
© EAC 2020 – All rights reserved  21 
 S is the volume in ml of standard alcoholic potassium hydroxide solution required for the material,  
B is the volume in ml of standard alcoholic potassium hydroxide solution required for the blank,  
N is the normality of alcoholic pota ssium hydroxide, and  
M is the mass in g of the material taken for the test.  
The method described above gives results approximately one percent higher than the actual amount of rosin 
present. As a result, the actual percentage of rosin acids present is one less than the percentage of rosin acids 
found experimentally.  
b) Rosin in fatty acids, percent by mass, corrected = Rosin in fatty acids, percent by mass, uncorrected – 1.0. 
NOTE 1 — The mean equivalent mass of the rosin acids is taken as 346.  
NOTE 2 — When the quantity of rosin, expressed as percent by mass, is less than 5 in the bars, the results by this method 
are not so accurate as with bars containing higher rosin content. This method is also liable to give erroneous results with 
certain types of carb olic soaps containing high boiling tar acids and with other germicidal soaps, for example, soaps 
containing hexachlorophene.  
H.4.2 In all cases where the rosin content is found to be less than 5 %, the actual presence or absence of rosin 
should be checked  qualitatively by the Liebermann -Storch test,  
H.4.2.1  Reagents  
a) Acetic anhydride  — pure.  
b) Dilute sulphuric acid  — relative density 1.53.  
H.4.2.2  Procedure  
Transfer 1 ml - 2 ml of the sample of fatty acids to a test -tube, treat with 5 ml - 10 ml of ac etic anhydride and 
warm on a steam -bath. After cooling, pour 1 ml - 2 ml into a white porcelain dish and allow a drop or two of 
sulphuric acid to run down the side of the vessel. If rosin is present, a fugitive violet colouration changing to a 
brownish tin ge is immediately produced at the margin of contact of the reagents. Check the test with a sample 
of fatty acids to which a small amount of rosin has been added.  DEAS 186 -1: 2020   
22 © EAC  2020 – All rights reserved  
 Annex I 
(normative)  
 
Sampling  
I.1 Procedure  
I.1.1 In a single consignment, all packages ( cartons) containing toilet soap cakes drawn from the same batch 
of production shall constitute a lot. For ascertaining the conformity of the lot to the requirements of this standard, 
tests shall be carried out on each lot separately. The number of packages  to be selected for drawing the sample 
shall be in accordance with Table I.1.  
Table I.1 — Scale of sampling  
Number of packages (cartons) 
in the lot  
N Number of packages (cartons) to be 
selected  
n Number of samples  
4 to 15  3 3 
16 to 40  4 4 
41 to 65  5 2 
66 to 110  7 2 
111 and above  10 1 
 
I.1.2 The packages shall be selected at random, using tables of random numbers. If these are not available, 
the following procedure shall be applied:  
Starting from any package, count all the packages in one order as  1, 2, 3.... N, selecting every k th package, 
where k is the integral part of N  n.  
I.1.3 From each package thus selected, draw at random an equal number of cakes so as to obtain a total 
mass of at least 2 kg.  
I.2 Preparation of test samples  
I.2.1 Composite sample  
Weigh each cake separately (including any material that may have adhered to the wrapper), and calculate the 
average mass. Cut each of the remaining cakes into eight parts by means of three cuts at right angles to each 
other through the midd le. Grate finely the whole of two diagonally opposite eighths of each specimen. Mix the 
gratings and place in a clean, dry, airtight glass container.  
I.2.2 Samples for testing  
Immediately after preparation of composite sample ( I.2.1), take at one time all test samples required for the 
tests in 4.2. Weigh out the test sample required for determination of free alkali or acid content, and use it 
immediately.  
 EAS 186: 2013    
 
© EAC 2020 – All rights reserved  
  
 Annex J 
(Informative)  
 
Permitted antibacterial agents  
The following is the  list of antibacterial agents used generally in antibacterial soap:  
a) Triclosan (TCN);  
b) Trichlorocarbanilide (TCC);  
c) Zinc oxide ;  
d) Chloro xylenols ; 
e) Plant extracts ; 
f) Any other internationally accepted antibacterial agent.  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 