Question: What are the side effects of dulaglutide (Trulicity) when treating my diabetes?

Answer: Side effects: The most common ones include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, belly pain, and less appetite. All GLP-1 drugs, including dulaglutide, have a boxed warning noting that in animal studies, this type of drug has been linked to thyroid cancer in some rats and mice. Experts don't know whether it has the same effect in people.


Question: What are the side effects of liraglutide (Victoza) when treating my diabetes?

Answer: Side effects: The most common ones include nausea, diarrhea, and headache. Inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis), which may be severe, is another side effect. All GLP-1 drugs, including liraglutide, have a boxed warning noting that in animal studies, this type of drug has been linked to thyroid cancer in some rats and mice. Experts don't know whether it has the same effect in people. It's possible to have an allergic reaction to liraglutide, or to get low blood sugar while you're taking it. If you get dehydrated from nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea, that could lead to kidney failure.


Question: What are the side effects of pramlintide (Symlin) when treating my diabetes?

Answer: Side effects: Nausea is the most common one. Starting this drug at a low dose and increasing it slowly can help fight the nausea. Other side effects include less appetite, vomiting, stomach pain, tiredness, dizziness, or indigestion. The drug can also cause low blood sugar if you don't adjust the amount of insulin you're taking.


Question: What are possible complications from a chemical peel?

Answer: Some skin types are more likely to develop a temporary or permanent color change in the skin after a chemical peel. Taking birth control pills, subsequent pregnancy, or a family history of brownish discoloration on the face may make that more likely. There is a low risk of scarring in certain areas of the face. Some people may be more likely to scar. If scarring does happen, it can usually be treated with good results. For people with a history of herpes outbreaks, there is a small risk of reactivating cold sores. Your doctor can prescribe medication to prevent or treat that.


Question: What should you expect after the chemical peel?

Answer: Depending upon the type of chemical peel, a reaction similar to sunburn occurs following the procedure. Peeling usually involves redness followed by scaling that ends within three to seven days. Mild peels may be repeated at one to four-week intervals until you get the look you're after. Medium-depth and deep peeling may result in swelling as well as blisters that may break, crust, turn brown, and peel off over a period of seven to 14 days. Medium-depth peels may be repeated in six to 12 months, if necessary. After treatment, you may need bandages for several days on part or all of the skin that was treated. You'll need to avoid the sun for several months after a chemical peel since your new skin will be fragile.


Question: When should you see a doctor about a spider bite?

Answer: See a doctor right away if you were bitten by a black widow and y have extreme pain or other serious symptoms. He may need to give you an antivenom shot. If the site of bite gets infected, you may need antibiotics. You might also need to get a tetanus booster. That's because tetanus spores sometimes collect inside spider bites.


Question: How are spider bites diagnosed?

Answer: These might include: Sharp pain or swelling at the site of the bite Pain that spreads to the back, belly or chest Sweating Severe stomach cramps or pain (most common with black widow bites) Fever Chills Feeling achy all over Joint pain Weakness Nausea Headache A deep ulcer that forms at the site of the bite, with the skin at the center turning purple (can occur from brown recluse bites) Your doctor will ask about your symptoms and how you were bitten. He'll want to know if you saw a spider bite you, and if you did, what the spider looked like. That's really the only way he can know for sure that it was a spider that bit you. If you have more than one bite on different parts of your body, or if several people in your house were also bitten, a spider is probably not to blame. In this case, your doctor will examine you to rule out other causes, like infection or vasculitis (a condition that causes blood vessels to swell).


Question: What spiders are very harmful?

Answer: Only two spiders that are native to the U. S. can do real harm when they bite a person: Black widows and brown recluses. Black widows tend to live in woodpiles, along fences or in outhouses in the South and West. Brown recluses tend to live in garages, attics or piles of rocks or firewood in the Midwest or South. Both of these spiders tend to keep to themselves. They don't bite unless they're cornered. People sometimes invade their spaces without knowing it. That's when they get bitten.


Question: How can I avoid spreading a sexually transmitted disease?

Answer: To prevent giving an STD to someone else: Stop having sex until you see a doctor and are treated. Follow your doctor's instructions for treatment. Use condoms whenever you have sex, especially with new partners. Don't resume having sex unless your doctor says it's OK. Return to your doctor to get rechecked. Be sure your sex partner or partners also are treated.


Question: Does using condoms with nonoxynol-9 prevent sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)?

Answer: Current recommendations are to avoid using condoms with nonoxynol-9. To prevent giving an STD to someone else: Stop having sex until you see a doctor and are treated.


Question: What should you do first and foremost to prevent getting sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)?

Answer: People who are drunk or on drugs often fail to have safe sex. Consider that not having sex is the only sure way to prevent STDs.


Question: How are night terrors managed?

Answer: No adequate treatment exists for night terrors. Management primarily consists of educating family members about the disorder and reassuring them that the episodes are not harmful. In severe cases in which daily activities (school performance, peer or family relations) are affected, a low-dose benzodiazepine or an antidepressant medication may be used as a temporary treatment.


Question: Are there hidden dangers if you're allergic to shellfish?

Answer: Similarly, there is a potential for cross contamination at your grocery store's fish counter, so make sure you instruct the counter worker to use different utensils to handle your fresh fish order. Watch for hidden trouble. Fish stock and flavorings like fish sauce (common in Asian dishes) may include fish protein. Some makers add shellfish to imitation meat, like mock crabmeat, for flavoring. Stay out of the kitchen. You might be sensitive to a protein that's released into the air when shellfish is cooked. Avoid steam tables, grills, or stove tops when it's being prepared.


Question: If I'm allergic to shellfish, how can I prevent cross contamination?

Answer: If shellfish is on the menu, tell the server about your allergy. Ask him to make sure the kitchen staff uses separate utensils and work surfaces to make your food. Similarly, there is a potential for cross contamination at your grocery store's fish counter, so make sure you instruct the counter worker to use different utensils to handle your fresh fish order.


Question: Can zoledronic acid help treat osteoporosis?

Answer: Zoledronic acid ( Reclast, Zometa) is a once-yearly 15-minute infusion you get through a vein. It is a bisphosphonate that can increase bone strength and reduce fractures in the hip, spine, wrist, arm, leg, or rib. The most common side effects include bone pain, nausea, and vomiting. People whose kidneys don't work very well should avoid it or use it with caution.


Question: How can human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) affect tuberculosis?

Answer: When your immune system is weak, TB germs can multiply and cause symptoms. Someone infected with both HIV and TB is at least 10 times more likely to develop active TB, especially when their CD4 count is under 200. Regardless of your CD4 count, having both infections also means you have AIDS, the advanced stage of HIV. Worldwide, TB is a leading cause of death for people with HIV.


Question: How do drugs for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB) interact?

Answer: To treat active tuberculosis, you'll take a combination of drugs for several months that commonly include: Ethambutol, or EMB ( Myambutol) Isoniazid, or INH ( Nydrazid) Pyrazinamide, or PZA ( Tebrazid) Rifampin, or RIF ( Rifadin) Drugs for HIV and for TB don't always work well together. Your doctor will decide which combination of medications will be best for you. If you have active TB, your TB must be treated immediately. If you are already on ART, your doctor may have to adjust your HIV drugs. If you are not already on ART, your doctor will decide how soon you should start ART.


Question: What are serious health issues that may occur when you have pitting edema?

Answer: For some people, pitting edema can be a sign of a more serious health issue, such as: Blood clot: One of these in a deep vein can cause edema in the region of the clot.


Question: When should I call the doctor if I have pitting edema?

Answer: If you notice signs of pitting edema, see your doctor as soon as you can. He'll look at it and ask about other symptoms. He may test your blood or urine to check your liver or kidney function. You might have an electrocardiogram and other tests to check your heart. Get emergency medical help right away if you have chest pain that lasts more than a few minutes, trouble breathing, dizziness, confusion, or fainting spells. These are signs that you might have a severe heart problem or a blood clot in your lungs.


Question: What causes edema?

Answer: This can happen for many reasons. You may have been standing or sitting too long, for instance like during a plane flight. It could also be an allergic reaction to or side effect of a medicine. Some drugs for diabetes and high blood pressure can cause pitting edema. So can estrogen pills and over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen. Women hold onto more fluid when they're pregnant and can develop a pitting edema. This tends to happen toward the end of pregnancy. Talk with your doctor if you are pregnant and develop edema.


Question: What is the treatment for edema?

Answer: If something serious is the cause of your edema, your doctor will focus on treating the underlying cause. But you may need to eat less salt. Table salt and processed foods with a lot of sodium can make your swelling worse. You also may need to take a drug called a diuretic that helps your body get rid of extra fluid. Compression stockings, sleeves, or gloves can keep pressure on the swollen area to stop fluid from building up. Your doctor also may tell you to hold the part of your body with the pitted edema above your heart a few times during the day or to keep it raised while you sleep.


Question: What is an A1c test?

Answer: An A1c test is key if you have diabetes or if your doctor thinks you might have a chance of getting it. It's a common blood test that gives information about your blood sugar. It's the main way to find out if someone has diabetes and how they're managing it. You might hear it called the hemoglobin A1c, Hb A1c, or glycohemoglobin test.


Question: Why are A1c tests important?

Answer: Your red blood cells have something called hemoglobin that carries oxygen from your lungs to cells all over your body. Glucose goes into your red blood cells and coats molecules of hemoglobin. The more glucose you have in your blood, the more coated hemoglobin molecules you have. The A1c measures how much of your hemoglobin is coated with sugar. The higher your level, the greater your chance for problems down the road. That means your blood sugar control plan isn't working at its best.


Question: How does an A1c test work?

Answer: Your red blood cells have something called hemoglobin that carries oxygen from your lungs to cells all over your body. Glucose goes into your red blood cells and coats molecules of hemoglobin. The more glucose you have in your blood, the more coated hemoglobin molecules you have. The A1c measures how much of your hemoglobin is coated with sugar. The higher your level, the greater your chance for problems down the road. That means your blood sugar control plan isn't working at its best.


Question: When will a doctor give me an A1c test?

Answer: Your doctor probably will have you take the A1c test as soon as you're diagnosed with diabetes. You'll also have the test if your doctor thinks you may get diabetes. The test will set a baseline level so you can see how well you're controlling your blood sugar.


Question: What can I do to help me deal with restless legs syndrome?

Answer: Here are a few ways to take control: Work with your doctor. A different drug or combinations of drugs are often necessary to control symptoms. Join a support group. www.rls.org can get you started. If you feel overwhelmed by RLS, talk with someone who treats mental health, like a psychologist or psychiatrist.


Question: How does iron relate to restless legs syndrome?

Answer: Not enough iron in the diet is one cause of restless legs syndrome. Taking iron pills may improve RLS in these people. Even in people who are not anemic and have normal iron levels, iron levels may be involved. Studies show a "brain iron deficiency" in many people with restless legs syndrome. A doctor may prescribe iron supplements even if a person's iron levels are within normal range. However, too much iron can lead to liver damage and other health problems.


Question: How can I ease my restless legs syndrome symptoms to get a good night sleep?

Answer: Cut down on alcohol. Stop smoking, or at least cut back. Go to bed and get up at the same time each day, including weekends. Exercise regularly, but moderately (heavy exercise can worsen symptoms). Apply heat or ice, or soak in a hot bath.


Question: What are the main risk factors for type 1 diabetes?

Answer: This type usually starts in childhood. Your pancreas stops making insulin. You have type 1 diabetes for life. The main things that lead to it are: Family history. If you have relatives with diabetes, chances are higher that you'll get it, too. Anyone who has a mother, father, sister, or brother with type 1 diabetes should get checked. A simple blood test can diagnose it. Diseases of the pancreas. They can slow its ability to make insulin. Infection or illness. Some infections and illnesses, mostly rare ones, can damage your pancreas.


Question: What are some things that can lead to gestational diabetes?

Answer: Diabetes when you're expecting affects about 4% of all U. S. pregnancies. It's caused by hormones the placenta makes or by too little insulin. High blood sugar from the mother causes high blood sugar in the baby. That can lead to growth and development problems if left untreated. Things that can lead to gestational diabetes include: Obesity or being overweight. Extra pounds can lead to gestational diabetes. Glucose intolerance. Having glucose intolerance or gestational diabetes in the past makes you more likely to get it again. Family history. If a parent or sibling has had gestational diabetes, you're more likely to get it. Age. The older you are when you get pregnant, the higher your chances are. Ethnic background. Nonwhite women have a greater chance of developing it.


Question: How many Americans have diabetes?

Answer: That amounts to about 7 million Americans.


Question: What should I do if I am at risk for diabetes?

Answer: Keep your weight within or near a healthy range.


Question: What causes gestational diabetes?

Answer: Diabetes when you're expecting affects about 4% of all U. S. pregnancies. It's caused by hormones the placenta makes or by too little insulin. High blood sugar from the mother causes high blood sugar in the baby. That can lead to growth and development problems if left untreated.


Question: How can you prevent smothering or suffocation related to SIDS?

Answer: Firm Bed, No Soft Toys or Bedding To prevent smothering or suffocation, always lay your baby down to sleep on either a firm mattress or surface in a crib or bassinet. All your baby's crib needs is the fitted sheet -- don't put blankets, quilts, pillows, sheepskin, stuffed toys, or crib bumpers in your baby's crib. To confirm the safety of your baby's mattress or crib, contact the Consumer Product Safety Commission at 800-638-2772 or www.cpsc.gov.


Question: Should you sleep in the same bed as your baby to prevent SIDS?

Answer: Keep Your Sleeping Baby Close, but Not in Your Bed When a baby sleeps in the same room as mom, studies show it lowers the risk of SIDS. But it's dangerous for a baby to sleep with another child or an adult in the same bed, in an armchair, and on a couch. If you bring your baby into your bed for comforting or breastfeeding, be sure to put the baby back in his own cradle, bassinet, or crib when you're ready to sleep. If you are tired, don't breastfeed while sitting in a chair or on a couch in case you fall asleep. Never bring the baby to bed with you when you're very tired or using medicines that affect your sleep.


Question: How can honey affect your baby's risk for SIDS?

Answer: Don't Give Honey to an Infant Under 1 Year Old Because honey can lead to botulism in very young children, never give honey to a child under 1 year old. Botulism and the bacteria that cause it may be linked to SIDS.


Question: Does rolling over affect your baby's risk of SIDS?

Answer: Once your baby can roll over both ways, which usually happens around 6 months, he may not stay on his back. That's OK. It's fine to let him choose his own sleep position once he knows how to roll over.


Question: What are the symptoms of panic attacks?

Answer: The fear and terror that a person experiences during a panic attack are not in proportion to the true situation and may be unrelated to what is happening around them. Most people with panic attacks experience several of the following symptoms: " Racing" heart Feeling weak, faint, or dizzy Tingling or numbness in the hands and fingers Sense of terror, or impending doom or death Feeling sweaty or having chills Chest pains Breathing difficulties Feeling a loss of control var s_context; s_context= s_context || {}; s_context['wb.modimp'] = 'vidfloat'; if(webmd.useragent && webmd.useragent.ua.type === 'desktop'){ webmd.ads2.disable Initial Load(); webmd.ads2.disable Ads Init = true; $(function() { webmd.p.pim.increment(); $('.responsive-video-container').insert After('.module-social-share-container'); require(['video2/1/responsive-player/video-loader'], function(video Loader) { video Loader.init({ autoplay: webmd.useragent.ua.type === 'desktop' && ! !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } Panic attacks are generally brief, lasting less than 10 minutes, although some of the symptoms may persist for a longer time. People who have had one panic attack are at greater risk for having subsequent panic attacks than those who have never experienced a panic attack.


Question: How is panic disorder treated?

Answer: Fortunately, panic disorder is a treatable condition. Psychotherapy and medications have both been used, either singly or in combination, for successful treatment of panic disorder. If medication is necessary, your doctor may prescribe anti-anxiety medications, certain antidepressants or sometimes certain anticonvulsant drugs that also have anti-anxiety properties, or a class of heart medications known as beta-blockers to help prevent or control the episodes in panic disorder.


Question: What causes panic disorder?

Answer: It is not clear what causes panic disorder. In many people who have the biological vulnerability to panic attacks, they may develop in association with major life changes (such as getting married, having a child, starting a first job, etc.) and major lifestyle stressors. There is also some evidence that suggests that the tendency to develop panic disorder may run in families. People who suffer from panic disorder are also more likely than others to suffer from depression, attempt suicide, or to abuse alcohol or drugs.


Question: What medical treatments can cause hair loss in men?

Answer: Hair loss could be a side effect of certain drugs you take for: Cancer Arthritis Depression High blood pressure Heart problems Radiation treatment or chemotherapy can cause widespread hair loss, but usually your hair will grow back with time, once the treatments end.


Question: What role does genetics play in hair loss in men?

Answer: Male pattern baldness -- you may hear it called androgenetic alopecia -- is triggered by the genes you got from your parents. Exactly how it is inherited isn't clear, but it does tend to run in families. So if you have close relatives who are balding, you're more likely to have it, too. Doctors don't fully understand why certain hormonal changes cause hair follicles to shrink, or why the balding process gradually happens in the same pattern for most men. But it usually starts with a thinning of the hairline above your temples and crown.


Question: How can infections cause hair loss in men?

Answer: Things like ringworm can create scaly patches on the scalp and bald spots. The hair usually grows back after treatment.


Question: Are Epsom salts the same as Dead Sea salts?

Answer: It's not the same as Dead Sea salts, a blend of minerals found only in the Dead Sea in the Middle East. The water and light there supposedly help skin diseases, arthritis, and other health problems.


Question: How effective are Epsom salt baths?

Answer: People use Epsom salt baths as a home treatment for: Arthritis pain and swelling Bruises and sprains Fibromyalgia, a condition that makes your muscles, ligaments, and tendons hurt, and causes tender points throughout your body Ingrown toenails Insomnia Psoriasis, a disease that causes red, itchy, scaly skin Sore muscles after working out Soreness from diarrhea during chemotherapy Sunburn pain and redness Tired, swollen feet While there are plenty of folk remedy claims, there aren't a lot of studies to back them up. Taking this type of bath probably won't hurt you, but if you have health concerns, check with your doctor first.


Question: What does Epsom salt do to your body?

Answer: Don't use Epsom salt in a hot tub, whirlpool, or other tub with jets unless the manufacturer says it's OK. Keep the part of your body that hurts in the water for at least 12 minutes.


Question: Are Epsom salts the same as bath crystals?

Answer: They may not be made from the same chemicals. Plus they often have oils, colors, and perfumes to relax you and soften your skin. In water, it breaks down into magnesium and sulfate. The theory is that when you soak in an Epsom salt bath, these get into your body through your skin.


Question: How can you take an Epsom salt bath?

Answer: The water should be very warm -- not hot, but comfortable to the touch. Add the Epsom salt while the water is running to help it dissolve. For a standard-sized tub, use the amount suggested on the package, usually 1 to 2 cups, or the amount recommended by your doctor. Don't use Epsom salt in a hot tub, whirlpool, or other tub with jets unless the manufacturer says it's OK. Keep the part of your body that hurts in the water for at least 12 minutes.


Question: How long should and how often should you take an Epsom salt bath?

Answer: Don't use Epsom salt in a hot tub, whirlpool, or other tub with jets unless the manufacturer says it's OK. Keep the part of your body that hurts in the water for at least 12 minutes. Just relax. Check with your doctor about how long and how often you should soak. You may need to do it just once for an ingrown toenail, or every day if you have arthritis pain.


Question: Where can you get Epsom salt?

Answer: You can find it in most drugstores, usually around the aspirin and laxatives. Many grocery and natural food stores also carry it. A large box costs just a few dollars.


Question: What are Epsom salt baths used for?

Answer: People use Epsom salt baths as a home treatment for: Arthritis pain and swelling Bruises and sprains Fibromyalgia, a condition that makes your muscles, ligaments, and tendons hurt, and causes tender points throughout your body Ingrown toenails Insomnia Psoriasis, a disease that causes red, itchy, scaly skin Sore muscles after working out Soreness from diarrhea during chemotherapy Sunburn pain and redness Tired, swollen feet While there are plenty of folk remedy claims, there aren't a lot of studies to back them up. Taking this type of bath probably won't hurt you, but if you have health concerns, check with your doctor first.


Question: How does Epsom salt work for aches and pains?

Answer: In water, it breaks down into magnesium and sulfate. The theory is that when you soak in an Epsom salt bath, these get into your body through your skin. That hasn't been proven, but just soaking in warm water can help relax muscles and loosen stiff joints.


Question: Where can you buy Epsom salt?

Answer: Many grocery and natural food stores also carry it. A large box costs just a few dollars.


Question: How do Epsom salt baths work?

Answer: In water, it breaks down into magnesium and sulfate. The theory is that when you soak in an Epsom salt bath, these get into your body through your skin. That hasn't been proven, but just soaking in warm water can help relax muscles and loosen stiff joints.


Question: What can Epsom salt baths treat?

Answer: People use Epsom salt baths as a home treatment for: Arthritis pain and swelling Bruises and sprains Fibromyalgia, a condition that makes your muscles, ligaments, and tendons hurt, and causes tender points throughout your body Ingrown toenails Insomnia Psoriasis, a disease that causes red, itchy, scaly skin Sore muscles after working out Soreness from diarrhea during chemotherapy Sunburn pain and redness Tired, swollen feet While there are plenty of folk remedy claims, there aren't a lot of studies to back them up.


Question: How do you take an Epsom salt bath?

Answer: Taking this type of bath probably won't hurt you, but if you have health concerns, check with your doctor first. The water should be very warm -- not hot, but comfortable to the touch. Add the Epsom salt while the water is running to help it dissolve. For a standard-sized tub, use the amount suggested on the package, usually 1 to 2 cups, or the amount recommended by your doctor. Don't use Epsom salt in a hot tub, whirlpool, or other tub with jets unless the manufacturer says it's OK. Keep the part of your body that hurts in the water for at least 12 minutes. Just relax. Check with your doctor about how long and how often you should soak.


Question: Is Epsom salt the same as Dead Sea salts?

Answer: It's not the same as Dead Sea salts, a blend of minerals found only in the Dead Sea in the Middle East. The water and light there supposedly help skin diseases, arthritis, and other health problems.


Question: Is Epsom salt a type of bath crystal?

Answer: Epsom salt is also different from fancy bath crystals. They may not be made from the same chemicals. Plus they often have oils, colors, and perfumes to relax you and soften your skin.


Question: What are the side effects of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) when you use them to treat metastatic renal cell carcinoma?

Answer: Side effects from these drugs include: Nausea Diarrhea High blood pressure Pain in the hands and feet Liver problems m TOR inhibitors are medicines that target the m TOR protein, which helps cancer cells grow.


Question: What are the side effects of radiation treatment for metastatic renal cell carcinoma?

Answer: Side effects of radiation treatment include: Fatigue Skin redness Upset stomach Diarrhea Chemotherapy uses medicine to kill cancer cells all over your body.


Question: What are the side effects of mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors when you use them to treat metastatic renal cell carcinoma?

Answer: Side effects from m TOR inhibitors include: Mouth sores Rash Weakness Not feeling hungry Fluid buildup in the face or legs High blood sugar and cholesterol This treatment uses high-energy X-rays to kill cancer cells.


Question: What are the side effects of interferon alpha when you use it to treat metastatic renal cell carcinoma?

Answer: Side effects of this treatment include: Flu-like symptoms, such as fever and chills Nausea Fatigue Checkpoint inhibitors.


Question: What are the treatments for metastatic renal cell carcinoma?

Answer: Treatments for metastatic renal cell cancer include: Surgery Immunotherapy Targeted therapy Radiation therapy Chemotherapy Talk about all your options with your doctor.


Question: How do you take interleukin-2 (IL-2) to treat metastatic renal cell carcinoma?

Answer: You can take IL-2 in one of two ways: Through a thin tube that goes into a vein ( IV). You get it in a hospital. As a shot under your skin. You can get this in a doctor's office or give it to yourself at home.


Question: What are the side effects of nivolumab (Opdivo) when you use it to treat metastatic renal cell carcinoma?

Answer: Side effects of Opdivo include: Red patches or a rash on your skin Feeling tired Diarrhea Belly pain Trouble breathing, cough, or chest pain Nausea Sore or dry mouth Headache These medicines target parts of cancer cells that help them grow and survive.


Question: How is permanent (chronic) atrial fibrillation treated?

Answer: This can't be corrected by treatments. If you have this type, you and your doctor will decide if you need long-term medication to control your heart rate and lower your odds of having a stroke.


Question: What is long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation?

Answer: This means your AFib has lasted for more than a year and doesn't go away. Medicine and treatment like electrical cardioversion may not stop the AFib. Doctors can use another kind of treatment, such as ablation (which burns certain areas of your heart's electrical system) to restore your normal heart rhythm.


Question: What can cause eye floaters?

Answer: It's rare, but floaters can also result from: Eye disease Eye injury Diabetic retinopathy Crystal-like deposits that form in the vitreous Eye tumors Serious eye disorders associated with floaters include: Detached retina Torn retina Bleeding in your vitreous Inflamed vitreous or retina caused by infections or an autoimmune condition Eye tumors Something that might resemble a floater is the visual aura that can come with a migraine headache.


Question: What serious eye disorders are known to occur with eye floaters?

Answer: It's rare, but floaters can also result from: Eye disease Eye injury Diabetic retinopathy Crystal-like deposits that form in the vitreous Eye tumors Serious eye disorders associated with floaters include: Detached retina Torn retina Bleeding in your vitreous Inflamed vitreous or retina caused by infections or an autoimmune condition Eye tumors Something that might resemble a floater is the visual aura that can come with a migraine headache.


Question: Where do eye floaters come from?

Answer: It's rare, but floaters can also result from: Eye disease Eye injury Diabetic retinopathy Crystal-like deposits that form in the vitreous Eye tumors Serious eye disorders associated with floaters include: Detached retina Torn retina Bleeding in your vitreous Inflamed vitreous or retina caused by infections or an autoimmune condition Eye tumors Something that might resemble a floater is the visual aura that can come with a migraine headache.


Question: How do I choose a doctor for eye floaters?

Answer: Go to the doctor ASAP if you notice: A sudden increase in the number of floaters Flashes of light A loss of side vision Changes that come on quickly and get worse over time Floaters after eye surgery or eye trauma Eye pain Choose a doctor who has experience with retina problems. If you don't get help right away, you could lose your sight.


Question: What complications can I get from eye floaters?

Answer: You might have complications like: Detached retina Torn retina Cataracts The risk is low, but if these problems happen, they can permanently damage your vision.


Question: How can I be treated if I have a lot of eye floaters?

Answer: If you have so many that they block your vision, your eye doctor may suggest surgery called a vitrectomy. He'll remove the vitreous and replace it with a salt solution.


Question: When should you visit a doctor for eye floaters?

Answer: Go to the doctor ASAP if you notice: A sudden increase in the number of floaters Flashes of light A loss of side vision Changes that come on quickly and get worse over time Floaters after eye surgery or eye trauma Eye pain Choose a doctor who has experience with retina problems. If you don't get help right away, you could lose your sight.


Question: What eye disorders are associated with eye floaters?

Answer: It's rare, but floaters can also result from: Eye disease Eye injury Diabetic retinopathy Crystal-like deposits that form in the vitreous Eye tumors Serious eye disorders associated with floaters include: Detached retina Torn retina Bleeding in your vitreous Inflamed vitreous or retina caused by infections or an autoimmune condition Eye tumors Something that might resemble a floater is the visual aura that can come with a migraine headache.


Question: Could my gender cause me to pee so much at night?

Answer: Your gender can play a role, too: Men: An enlarged prostate is common when you're an older guy. It usually isn't serious, but it can keep you from emptying your bladder. Women: After menopause, you make less estrogen. That can cause changes in the urinary tract that make you have to go more often. If you've had children, the muscles in your pelvis may be weaker, too.


Question: Is peeing at night a sign of old age?

Answer: As you age, your body produces less of a hormone that helps concentrate urine so that you can hold it until the morning. When you're older you're also more likely to have other health problems that make you need to pee overnight.


Question: How can polysomnography help in the diagnosis of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder?

Answer: Polysomnography Polysomnographic video recording is the single most important diagnostic test in persons with RBD. This test is usually conducted in a sleep study center. The person undergoing testing is required to sleep at the center while the following parameters are monitored: Electrical activity of the brain (electroencephalogram, or EEG) Electrical activity of the heart (electrocardiogram, or ECG) Movements of the muscles (electromyogram) Eye movements (electrooculogram) Respiratory movements These parameters are monitored as the person passes through the various sleep stages. Characteristic patterns from the electrodes are recorded while the person is awake and during sleep. Continuous video recording is done to observe behaviors during sleep.


Question: Why do you get a neurologic exam to help diagnose REM sleep behavior disorder?

Answer: Neurologic exam When trying to diagnose REM sleep behavior disorder, or RBD, the neurologic exam is often normal. However, symptoms and signs of Parkinson's disease, such as hand tremor at rest, slowness in movement, and muscle stiffness (rigidity) that may suggest an underlying neurologic cause of RBD, should be considered.


Question: What is coxsackievirus?

Answer: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } Coxsackievirus is a member of a family of viruses called enteroviruses. Enteroviruses are made up of a single strand of ribonucleic acid ( RNA). The enteroviruses are also referred to as picornaviruses (pico means "small," so, "small RNA viruses"). They are present all over the world, and spread by fecal-oral route. About 90% of infections don't cause symptoms or present with a fever only. Infants and young kids are particularly susceptible to symptomatic coxsackie. Coxsackievirus got its name because it was first found in the town of Coxsackie, located south of Albany in New York.


Question: What are the types of coxsackieviruses and what can they cause?

Answer: Types A and B are the most common. Type A viruses cause herpangina (sores in the throat) and hand, foot, and mouth disease, common among children. Children will get painful blisters in their mouth, and small tender lesions on the palms of their hands and bottom of their feet. It goes away on its own, but can cause complications if the child can't drink or eat cause of pain. Group A virus also causes herpangina, blisters on the tonsils and soft palate, which presents as a sore throat. Group B virus causes infrequent, summer outbreaks of fever and spasms of the abdominal and chest muscles (pleurodynia). Subtypes of group A and B can cause more severe symptoms, including meningitis (inflammation of the spinal cord and brain).


Question: What is the American Lung Association?

Answer: American Cancer Society Information on all aspects of respiratory health, including lung cancer and emphysema.


Question: What is the American Society of Clinical Oncology?

Answer: American Society of Clinical Oncology


Question: What is the National Comprehensive Cancer Network?

Answer: The National Comprehensive Cancer Network is a nonprofit alliance of 26 cancer centers throughout the U. S. that treats all cancers.


Question: What is the treatment for advanced breast cancer?

Answer: But once cancer has spread, the most common treatments are ones that travel through your blood to treat your whole body. These include hormones that shrink tumors, chemotherapy and medicines that target certain types of cancer cells. Chemo shrinks tumors faster than hormones, but it has more side effects and may stop working after a while. Some people may choose to have a few different types of chemotherapy over time. Your doctor will recommend treatments she thinks will work, but only you can decide the types you want and how long to have them. Talk openly with your doctor about what you want to get out of your care.


Question: How does breast cancer spread?

Answer: Doctors think this happens because cancer cells spread to other organs through the blood or lymph system.


Question: What can I do to help myself manage advanced breast cancer?

Answer: Most people with advanced breast cancer have common concerns. Here are some tips that may help: Stay ahead of pain. Not everyone will have pain from their disease or treatment. If you do, don't assume that you just have to live with it. There are almost always ways to control it. If you hurt, talk to your doctor. You may need a new drug or a treatment plan that doesn't cause uncomfortable side effects. It may also help to add a pain doctor to your cancer team. Stay connected. Besides friends and family, there are many support services for people with advanced breast cancer. You can share how you're feeling and learn ways to live better every day. Your doctor can tell you how to find the right groups. Stay positive. Treatments for advanced breast cancer are getting better all the time. One that's right for you could be around the corner.


Question: Who can get advanced breast cancer and is there anything that can help it?

Answer: Advanced breast cancer mainly affects women, but men can get it, too. For anyone, it can turn life upside down. There's no cure for the disease, but there are treatments that can control it.


Question: What kinds of desserts can trigger heartburn?

Answer: Omega-3 fatty acids = .1 g Omega-6 fatty acids = .2 g Rich desserts and desserts with chocolate or peppermint may trigger heartburn in some people.


Question: What is angular cheilitis?

Answer: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } Angular cheilitis is a condition that causes red, swollen patches in the corners of your mouth where your lips meet and make an angle. Other names for it are perleche and angular stomatitis. You can get it on one side of your mouth or on both sides at the same time.


Question: How is angular cheilitis diagnosed?

Answer: To find out if you have angular cheilitis, your doctor will examine your mouth closely to look at any cracks, redness, swelling, or blisters. He'll also ask you about habits you might have that could affect your lips. Other conditions (such as herpes labialis and erosive lichen planus) can cause symptoms similar to angular cheilitis. To be sure of the cause, your doctor might swab the corners of your mouth and your nose and send it to a lab to see what kinds of bacteria or fungi might be there.


Question: Does diabetes put you at risk for angular cheilitis?

Answer: Certain medical conditions can put you at a higher risk, such as: Anemia Cancers of the blood Diabetes Down syndrome Immune disorders, like HIV Kidney, liver, lung, or pancreatic cancer It's common for people with diabetes to get fungal infections like angular cheilitis. This is because fungi like Candida feed off glucose -- the blood sugar your body uses as a source of energy. If you have diabetes, you have too much glucose in your blood.


Question: How is angular cheilitis treated?

Answer: Your doctor will recommend an antifungal cream to treat fungal infections. Some are: nystatin ( Mycostatin) ketoconazole ( Extina) clotrimazole ( Lotrimin) miconazole ( Lotrimin AF, Micatin, Monistat Derm) If your infection is bacterial, your doctor will prescribe an antibacterial medication, such as: mupirocin ( Bactroban) fusidic acid ( Fucidin, Fucithalmic) If your angular cheilitis isn't caused by a fungal or bacterial infection, your doctor may suggest you put petroleum jelly on the inflamed areas.


Question: How is angular cheilitis treated it it isn't caused by a fungal or bacterial infection?

Answer: Some are: nystatin ( Mycostatin) ketoconazole ( Extina) clotrimazole ( Lotrimin) miconazole ( Lotrimin AF, Micatin, Monistat Derm) If your infection is bacterial, your doctor will prescribe an antibacterial medication, such as: mupirocin ( Bactroban) fusidic acid ( Fucidin, Fucithalmic) If your angular cheilitis isn't caused by a fungal or bacterial infection, your doctor may suggest you put petroleum jelly on the inflamed areas. This protects your mouth from moisture so the sores can heal.


Question: How can you prevent MRSA in children?

Answer: Here's what you can do: Teach your children to wash their hands often with soap and water for at least 15 seconds. This includes after playing with pets or other children. Have your children use alcohol-based hand sanitizers or wipes when washing isn't possible. Teach your children not to share towels, uniforms, or other items that come into contact with bare skin. Keep cuts or broken skin clean and covered with dry bandages until healed. Encourage your children to clean shared sports equipment with antiseptic solution before each use. Or, he or she can use a towel as a barrier between skin and equipment. If your child has dry skin, eczema, or a skin condition, use creams and moisturizers as directed by the doctor. Try to keep areas of flare-up on the skin covered to prevent an entryway for bacteria, as the natural skin barrier may be compromised. Protect against sunburn and bug bites.


Question: What is MRSA?

Answer: It is one of many strains of a bacterium called Staphylococcus aureus -- or staph, for short. Staph bacteria are common on skin and inside nostrils. Staph infection was first reported in humans more than 40 years ago. In the past, staph rarely caused problems, except for minor skin infections. And these infections could be treated effectively with antibiotics. But in recent years, there has been a big increase in antibiotic-resistant strains of staph infection, such as MRSA, even in children. These resistant strains used to be seen mainly in hospitalized patients or chronically ill patients. Now it is found in healthy people, including children. For example, head and neck MRSA infections in children more than doubled during a five-year period. It's important to know how to help prevent MRSA in children and what to do if you suspect your child has it.


Question: What are the "Five Cs" that make MRSA more likely?

Answer: Remember: although MRSA can show up anywhere, it is more likely when these " Five Cs" are present: Crowding Contact between skin Compromised skin (cuts or scrapes) Contaminated items Cleanliness lacking If you suspect your child has a MRSA infection, seek medical attention right away.


Question: How can you prevent the spread of MRSA infection?

Answer: To help prevent the spread of MRSA infection, do this: Change any bandages often. Do it before you can see any drainage through the bandage. Wear gloves while cleaning a wound or changing bandages. Carefully dispose of used bandages. Wash your hands thoroughly after you finish or use an alcohol-based sanitizer. Clean surfaces with detergent-based cleaners or EPA-registered disinfectants. Use separate hand towels, washcloths, and towels. Encourage showers instead of baths. And, don't forget to practice other MRSA prevention steps. Unless your doctor says otherwise, your child can continue attending school, even with an MRSA infection, as long as the infected skin can be kept entirely covered and contained with a clean and dry bandage.


Question: Why is MRSA in kids a concern?

Answer: MRSA is a concern today because it can be harder to treat than other infections, and it's infecting healthy people -- not just those with weakened immune systems as in the past. This type of MRSA is called community-associated MRSA ( CA- MRSA). That's because it affects people in the community, outside of hospitals and nursing homes. And, with more people infected with community-associated MRSA, more children with MRSA have been admitted to hospitals.


Question: What are treatments for MRSA in children?

Answer: Your child or other family member also has a fever or feels sick Skin infections are passing between family members or friends Treatment for MRSA may include: Draining any skin abscesses Prescribing antibiotics to prevent widespread infection Do not try to drain infections yourself. This can worsen the infection and spread it to other people. Be sure your child takes any antibiotics exactly as prescribed. This can help prevent other bacteria from becoming resistant, which is more likely to happen when germs aren't completely wiped out by treatment. To help prevent the spread of MRSA infection, do this: Change any bandages often.


Question: What causes rotator cuff tendinitis?

Answer: This can happen because of an injury to your shoulder. You might fall on your outstretched arm. Or it could be from repeated motions in sports or on the job, especially if your work involves heavy lifting or a lot of reaching over your head.


Question: What is rotator cuff tendinitis?

Answer: Each of your shoulders is made up by a group of muscles and tendons called a rotator cuff. This keeps your upper arm inside your shoulder socket. It also gives you the strength and motion to rotate and lift your arms. If the tendons in your rotator cuff are swollen or damaged, you could have rotator cuff tendinitis.


Question: Who is most likely to get rotator cuff tendinitis?

Answer: People older than age 40 are most likely to have rotator cuff problems, in general. Genes may also play a part. If someone else in your family has shoulder issues, then you may be prone to get them, too.


Question: What are symptoms of rotator cuff tendinitis?

Answer: If you have rotator cuff tendinopathy, you will notice pain in the outer part of your upper arm, as well as the front and top of your shoulder. This could be worse when you raise your hands above your head or reach behind you.


Question: How can you prevent broken toenails?

Answer: Be on the lookout for any sign of infection, especially if you have diabetes or another condition that causes slow healing: Pain gets worse or lasts for more than a couple of days Fever Pus Bleeding More redness or swelling around the toe or spreading into your foot A long toenail or a rough edge can catch on the corner of a door or thick carpet, so keep nails trimmed straight across. Constant pressure, like a hammertoe that rubs against the inside of your shoe, can lead to a detached toenail. See a podiatrist regularly if you have any foot problems. A fungal infection, an allergy to a nail product ingredient, psoriasis, and diseases that cause poor circulation, such as Raynaud's, can lead to your toenail breaking off or crumbling. Follow your doctor's instructions to manage these issues and lower the odds of related problems.


Question: What are some tips to treat broken toenails at home?

Answer: Trim off the loose part so that it won't catch on clothes, carpeting, or anything else and rip more. Use a clean pair of scissors or nail clippers and snip along the line of the tear to make an even edge. If the nail has cracked off from side to side -- without leaving a rough edge -- you can skip the trimming. Protect any exposed part of the nail bed for 7 to 10 days until this skin hardens and isn't sensitive anymore. Coat the area with antibiotic ointment and top with a nonstick bandage. Change the bandage every day and whenever it gets wet. ( If any part gets stuck, soak it under warm running water until it slips off.) For the first couple of days, ease any pain and swelling by propping up your foot. Use pillows so that it's above the level of your heart. Apply an ice pack wrapped in a thin towel for no more than 20 minutes every 3 to 6 hours as needed. Your usual over-the-counter pain reliever should help, too.


Question: When can you treat broken toenails at home?

Answer: You can care for a ripped toenail at home if: The tear isn't too far down toward your foot, and the nail is still attached to the nail bed. Any bleeding stops quickly. You have little, if any, blood pooling under the remaining nail (it will look like a blue-black spot), and it doesn't hurt much. The toe itself looks normal.


Question: What allergy tests are used to find the cause of breathing problems?

Answer: One of them is the prick technique. In this test, the doctor first puts a tiny drop of allergen on your skin. Then the doctor makes a puncture with a needle directly in the drop of allergen extract. If you are allergic to the specific allergen, your body will react to it by turning red at the site. You may also experience itching and swelling at the site of the allergen placement. Another type of skin test involves your doctor injecting the allergen extract directly under the skin using a syringe. Other allergy tests include: allergy blood tests (called a RAST or radioallergosorbent test) a challenge test, in which the doctor introduces tiny amounts of the suspected allergen by inhaled, oral, or other routes These tests are used less frequently than the skin testing.


Question: Do ocular or retinal migraines cause vision problems?

Answer: Most common types of migraine are Migraine without aura: one sided pain, pulsating, increased pain with activity, nausea, vomiting, light sensitivity Migraine with aura: same pain symptoms but also with fully reversible auras (described above) Often, temporary vision loss or distortion in one eye occurs with retinal migraine, which is rare. Retinal migraines are usually harmless. They last a few minutes, then normal vision returns. However, other serious conditions can cause sudden loss of vision in one eye, so see a doctor immediately if you have vision changes.


Question: What are the emergency symptoms of a migraine headache?

Answer: Call your doctor right away if you have the following migraine symptoms: A change in frequency, severity, or features from your usual migraine A headache that lasts for days, getting progressively worse A headache brought on by coughing, sneezing, bearing down, or straining while on the toilet Call 911 or go to a hospital emergency department if you have any of the following: The worst headache ever, especially if the headache came on very quickly Headache associated with head injury Head injury with loss of consciousness Fever or stiff neck with a headache Decreased level of consciousness or confusion Paralysis or weakness Seizure Change in vision Loss of vision


Question: How can I manage pinkeye that is tied with allergies?

Answer: If your pinkeye is tied to allergies, avoid your triggers. Don't rub your eyes. This makes it worse. Splash your face and eyes with cold water. Use aqueous-based âartificial tearsâ .


Question: Where does a feeding tube go?

Answer: Depending on your situation, the tube will run either through your nose or into your stomach or intestines. You don't need surgery for a nasal tube. They're often used if the need is temporary. You'll need surgery for a gastric tube, the most common type, to run it through your belly.


Question: How can you prevent infections if you have a feeding tube?

Answer: It's important to keep the spot on your skin where the tube goes into your stomach -- the stoma -- clean and dry. Check it every day for irritation, redness, swelling, or infection. Apply an antibacterial ointment after cleaning the area.


Question: What liquids can go into a feeding tube?

Answer: Other liquids can go into a tube, too: Almost anything clear, such as water and club soda Enzyme treatments Fluids that replace electrolytes, like sports drinks Juice Most meds can go through a tube.


Question: How do you seek support with a feeding tube?

Answer: Family and friends can give you confidence to adjust to your new life. You need support, but also encouragement to stay independent. You might want to get advice and help from a specialist who works with feeding tube users. This can be a psychologist, a nurse, or someone else in the community.


Question: How can my tooth enamel lead to sensitive teeth?

Answer: That's a hard, protective layer that helps your teeth deal with everything you put them through. When it's gone, nerve endings that cause pain are exposed. If you have sensitive teeth, it's possible some of your enamel has worn away.


Question: What are side effects of knee osteoarthritis injections?

Answer: Potential side effects of these knee osteoarthritis injections include joint swelling and pain. They can't be used by people with skin or joint infections. In addition, most varieties are made from processed chicken or rooster combs and should not be used in people with egg or poultry allergies. Euflexxa, however, is safe to use in people with egg allergies. Occasionally, a severe reaction with swelling, redness, and pain, called a pseudoseptic reaction, can occur with some forms of these viscosupplementation materials.


Question: Who can get hyaluronan injections?

Answer: These drugs are used to treat knee osteoarthritis pain in people who have not found significant relief of their symptoms from: Physical therapy Exercise Heat or cold Over-the-counter pain relievers These drugs can be injected into both knees or just a single knee joint.


Question: How do hyaluronan injections work?

Answer: Normal joint fluid contains a substance called hyaluronan. It acts like a shock absorber and lubricant in your joint and is needed to help the joint work properly. Hyaluronan is highly viscous, allowing the cartilage surfaces of the bones to glide upon each other smoothly. This leads to decreased symptoms of osteoarthritis.


Question: What should I expect from knee osteoarthritis injections?

Answer: Treatment with knee osteoarthritis injections ranges from a one-time injection to weekly injections for three to five weeks. Pain relief is usually obtained by four to 12 weeks, and the effect has been shown to last for up to several months. The treatment can be repeated as necessary.


Question: What is an example of a relevant breakdown in S.M.A.R.T. weight loss for type 2 diabetes?

Answer: To help manage your diabetes, you need to spread carbs out more evenly throughout the day. So, for example, a S. M. A. R. T. goal could be â I will eat a breakfast containing 45 grams of carbohydrates every day for the next 2 weeks.â Here's the S. M. A. R. T. breakdown: Specific: targeted to breakfast Measurable: 45 grams, every day Attainable: Breakfasts with about 45 grams of carbs are very doable. A few options: 1 cup cooked oatmeal (32 grams), 1/2 medium banana (13 grams), a hard-boiled egg, black coffee 2 scrambled eggs, 1 small whole wheat pita (15 grams), 1 orange (18 grams), 1 cup 1% milk (14 grams) 3 rye crispbreads (24 grams), 1/2 cup nonfat cottage cheese (5 grams), 1 cup of blackberries (15 grams) Relevant: Spreading carbs out is relevant because it helps you curb hunger, so you don't overeat. To hit 45 grams, you have to plan to eat protein and fat in addition to carbs at a meal.


Question: What is an example time-bound breakdown in S.M.A.R.T. weight loss for type 2 diabetes?

Answer: Time-bound: This goal will be your focus for 2 weeks. At the end of that time, you can decide if you want to do it again or set a different goal.


Question: What is an example of a specific and measurable breakdown in S.M.A.R.T. weight loss for type 2 diabetes?

Answer: When your goals are S. M. A. R. T., it will be simpler to stay on track with your diet. To help manage your diabetes, you need to spread carbs out more evenly throughout the day. So, for example, a S. M. A. R. T. goal could be â I will eat a breakfast containing 45 grams of carbohydrates every day for the next 2 weeks.â Here's the S. M. A. R. T. breakdown: Specific: targeted to breakfast Measurable: 45 grams, every day Attainable: Breakfasts with about 45 grams of carbs are very doable. A few options: 1 cup cooked oatmeal (32 grams), 1/2 medium banana (13 grams), a hard-boiled egg, black coffee 2 scrambled eggs, 1 small whole wheat pita (15 grams), 1 orange (18 grams), 1 cup 1% milk (14 grams) 3 rye crispbreads (24 grams), 1/2 cup nonfat cottage cheese (5 grams), 1 cup of blackberries (15 grams) Relevant: Spreading carbs out is relevant because it helps you curb hunger, so you don't overeat.


Question: What is an example of an attainable breakdown in S.M.A.R.T. weight loss for type 2 diabetes?

Answer: So, for example, a S. M. A. R. T. goal could be â I will eat a breakfast containing 45 grams of carbohydrates every day for the next 2 weeks.â Here's the S. M. A. R. T. breakdown: Specific: targeted to breakfast Measurable: 45 grams, every day Attainable: Breakfasts with about 45 grams of carbs are very doable. A few options: 1 cup cooked oatmeal (32 grams), 1/2 medium banana (13 grams), a hard-boiled egg, black coffee 2 scrambled eggs, 1 small whole wheat pita (15 grams), 1 orange (18 grams), 1 cup 1% milk (14 grams) 3 rye crispbreads (24 grams), 1/2 cup nonfat cottage cheese (5 grams), 1 cup of blackberries (15 grams) Relevant: Spreading carbs out is relevant because it helps you curb hunger, so you don't overeat.


Question: How can being diagnosed with hepatitis C change your life?

Answer: Being diagnosed with hepatitis C can inspire you to live a healthier and more fulfilling life, both physically and emotionally.


Question: What is the treatment for insomnia caused by hepatitis C?

Answer: But there are steps you can take to get a good night's rest. Go to bed at the same time and get up at the same time. Reserve your bedroom for sleep and sex only - no pets, TVs, work, or gadgets. Keep the room cool. Use soft fabrics for PJs, sheets and blankets. Skip naps. Avoid exercise, large meals or alcohol within 2-3 hours of bedtime.


Question: How can learning to relax help with hepatitis C?

Answer: To combat anxiety and depression, exercise regularly. It helps your state of mind as much as your body. Try out some relaxation and massage techniques. There isn't any scientific evidence that these approaches will help, but many people have benefited from them. Most of all, keep living your life. Don't isolate yourself. Go out with friends. Do things you enjoy. Don't let your worries about hepatitis C keep you from doing the things you've always done.


Question: How can taking care of your liver help manage hepatitis C?

Answer: Hepatitis C can make it harder for your liver to do its main job: break down and filter out substances from your bloodstream. As a result, medications, herbs, drugs, and alcohol may stay in your system longer, and have a more powerful effect. Some substances pose the risk of serious liver damage. Common painkillers and cold remedies with and acetaminophen can be toxic to people with damaged livers, especially if you take them with alcohol or in greater than recommended doses. Be careful with herbal remedies, too. They can be powerful medicine, and some of them can do real harm. Don't assume that over-the-counter medications are safe, either. Never take any drugs, supplements or alternative medicines before talking to your doctor. If you're a smoker, try to quit. If you're using illegal drugs, get into a treatment program. Ask your doctor whether you should cut out alcohol completely, or limit drinks to special occasions.


Question: What are the two measurements of blood pressure to determine if you have heart disease?

Answer: That's the force or pressure your heart needs to pump blood around your body. It's recorded as two measurements: Systolic blood pressure: The pressure in your arteries when the heart squeezes (the higher number) Diastolic blood pressure: The pressure in your arteries when the heart relaxes between squeezes (the lower number) Normal blood pressure for an adult, at rest, is less than 120 over less than 80.


Question: How does your doctor check your heart rate during exam?

Answer: He'll feel your pulse to check your heart's rate and rhythm. Each pulse matches with a heartbeat that pumps blood into your arteries. The force of the pulse also helps the doctor know the strength of blood flow to different areas of your body. You can tell how fast your heart is beating by feeling your pulse. Your heart rate is the number of beats in 1 minute.


Question: How can blood tests help determine if you have heart disease?

Answer: Your doctor may recommend a blood test to check your cholesterol and other things that may signal heart disease.


Question: What factors can affect your blood pressure related to heart disease?

Answer: It's recorded as two measurements: Systolic blood pressure: The pressure in your arteries when the heart squeezes (the higher number) Diastolic blood pressure: The pressure in your arteries when the heart relaxes between squeezes (the lower number) Normal blood pressure for an adult, at rest, is less than 120 over less than 80. Blood pressure may go up or down depending on your: Age Heart condition Emotions Activity Medicines One high reading doesn't mean you have high blood pressure. It must be checked at different times while resting to find out your true result.


Question: What are feeding questions you can ask at your baby's 12-month checkup?

Answer: Is it OK if my baby won't eat sometimes? Can I introduce whole milk now? When do I need to wean my baby from a bottle?


Question: What happens during your baby's 12 month checkup?

Answer: Check your baby's weight, length, and head circumference Perform a physical exam of your baby Possibly give your baby vaccines for measles, mumps, rubella, chickenpox, or another (booster) shot of a vaccine your baby has already had Recommend a flu shot if it's fall or winter Is your baby pulling up?


Question: What should your baby's doctor do at your baby's 12 month checkup?

Answer: Check your baby's weight, length, and head circumference Perform a physical exam of your baby Possibly give your baby vaccines for measles, mumps, rubella, chickenpox, or another (booster) shot of a vaccine your baby has already had Recommend a flu shot if it's fall or winter Is your baby pulling up? Standing? Walking? What and how many words can your baby say? Does your baby point at things and use both hands when playing?


Question: What is the definition of swine influenza?

Answer: Swine influenza: A highly contagious disease caused by a strain of the influenza type A virus called H1 N1. Swine flu used to only affect pigs, or, rarely, people who spent a lot of time around pigs. In 2009 a strain began to spread from person to person.


Question: What is Rapivab (peramivir) as it relates to swine flu?

Answer: Rapivab (peramivir): An antiviral drug that prevents and treats flu in adults aged 18 and over. It stops the virus from spreading in your body. This eases your symptoms and helps you get better sooner. You take it in one dose.


Question: What is the H1N1 virus?

Answer: H1 N1 virus: The most common subtype of influenza A, including the swine flu virus. The Department of Homeland Security and the Department of Agriculture call swine flu the H1 N1 virus so outbreaks won't stop people from eating pork products. You can't get the virus from eating well-cooked pork. But you should wash your hands after you visit a petting zoo or touch pigs.


Question: What is a swine flu virus?

Answer: Swine flu virus: A virus found in pigs that causes swine influenza. The swine flu virus is different from the human type. There are many different strains of swine flu virus (such as H1 N1 and H3 N2). H1 N1 is the most common. Usually, a swine flu virus infects only pigs, or in rare cases, those around pigs. But in 2009, it began to spread from person to person.


Question: What is Tamiflu (oseltamivir) as it relates to swine flu?

Answer: Tamiflu (oseltamivir): An antiviral medicine that prevents and treats influenza types A (including the swine flu) and B. It stops the virus from spreading in your body. This eases your symptoms and helps you get better faster. Anyone 1 year or older can take this drug to treat the flu. Anyone 2 weeks or older can get it to prevent the flu.


Question: What is the definition of pandemic as it relates to swine flu?

Answer: Pandemic: An outbreak that affects the entire world. Type A influenza viruses are the only ones known to have caused pandemics. In 1918, the Spanish flu pandemic killed 40-50 million people worldwide. Swine flu caused severe illness worldwide in 2009.


Question: What is the definition of threat level as it relates to swine flu?

Answer: Threat level: An alert system that the World Health Organization (see below) uses to let the public know about global health events. The scale ranges from phase 1 (low risk for a pandemic) to phase 6 (full-blown pandemic under way).


Question: What are swine flu symptoms?

Answer: Swine flu symptoms: They're a lot like those that come with regular flu: fever, cough, sore throat, body aches, headache, chills, and fatigue. Some people with swine flu also have diarrhea and vomiting. Symptoms may be worse if you have another long-term illness.


Question: Where did the 2009 swine flu outbreak originate?

Answer: Veracruz, Mexico: The origin of the 2009 swine flu outbreak. Health workers traced the virus to a pig farm in this southeastern Mexican state. A young boy who lived nearby was among the first people to contract the swine flu. He lived, but others in the area came down with the flu and died.


Question: What is swine flu treatment?

Answer: Swine flu treatment : Certain antiviral drugs can ease the symptoms and help you get better faster. The CDC recommends zanamivir ( Relenza), peramivir ( Rapivab), or oseltamivir ( Tamiflu) to treat and prevent this illness. The drugs may also help you avoid complications. They work best if you take them within 48 hours of the first symptoms.


Question: Can eating too much sodium make you more likely to get kidney stones?

Answer: It can raise your chances of getting several types of kidney stones. So watch out for salty snacks, canned foods, packaged meats, and other processed foods.


Question: Are gut problems linked to kidney stones?

Answer: Stones are the most common kidney problem in people with inflammatory bowel disease like Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Bowel problems can give you diarrhea, so you make less pee. Your body may absorb extra oxalate from the intestine, so more gets in your urine.


Question: How can not drinking enough water cause kidney stones?

Answer: You need to make enough urine to dilute the things that can turn into stones. If you don't drink enough or sweat too much, your pee may look dark. It should be pale yellow or clear.


Question: How can eating the wrong foods play a role in you getting kidney stones?

Answer: What you eat can play a big role in whether you get one of these stones. The most common type of kidney stone happens when calcium and oxalate stick together when your kidneys make urine. Oxalate is a chemical that's in many healthy foods and vegetables. Your doctor may tell you to limit high-oxalate foods if you've had this type of stone before. Examples include: Spinach Rhubarb Grits Bran cereal You may have heard that drinking milk can bring on kidney stones.


Question: Is animal protein linked to kidney stones?

Answer: Another kind of kidney stone forms when your pee is too acidic. Red meat and shellfish can make uric acid in your body rise. This can collect in the joints and cause gout or go to your kidneys and make a stone. More importantly, animal protein raises your urine's calcium level and lowers the amount of citrate, both of which encourage stones.


Question: Is gout linked to kidney stones?

Answer: This condition makes uric acid build up in the blood and form crystals in the joints and the kidneys. The kidney stones can become large and very painful.


Question: Can you get kidney stones from drinking milk?

Answer: Examples include: Spinach Rhubarb Grits Bran cereal You may have heard that drinking milk can bring on kidney stones. That's not true.


Question: Can obesity raise your odds of getting kidney stones?

Answer: You're almost twice as likely to get a kidney stone if you're obese. That's when your body mass index is 30 or above. If you're 5 feet 10 inches tall, obesity starts at 210 pounds. Weight loss surgery can help you shed pounds and improve your health. But studies suggest that people who have the most common weight loss operation, the Roux-en- Y gastric bypass, have an increased risk of stones. Not every weight loss surgery carries this risk. Only the ones that cause malabsorption..


Question: Can type 2 diabetes raise your risk for kidney stones?

Answer: It can make your urine more acidic, which encourages stones.


Question: Can certain medications bring on kidney stones?

Answer: Some that can cause stones include: Certain antibiotics, including ciprofloxacin and sulfa antibiotics Some drugs to treat HIV and AIDS Certain diuretics used to treat high blood pressure. But some thiazide-type diuretics actually help prevent stones.


Question: How should I order my schedule so my multiple sclerosis doesn't affect my energy levels?

Answer: Have a plan. Schedule your days according to what you know about your energy levels. If you always get tired in the afternoon, try to get as much done as you can in the morning. See if you can change your work schedule to get to the office early so you can leave before you're too tired. Do important jobs first.


Question: How will multiple sclerosis affect my energy levels?

Answer: The right steps can give you the boost you need to spend time on the things that matter. Have a plan. Schedule your days according to what you know about your energy levels.


Question: Do adults get cavities?

Answer: In fact, cavities happen more often in adults. Here's why: Fluoride wasn't always in water supplies and toothpaste. If you didn't get enough when you were younger, your teeth may pay the price. Old fillings are prime spots for tooth decay. As we get older, our gums tend to recede, leaving tooth roots exposed. Without the protection of tooth enamel, they are more susceptible to decay. You might have dry mouth. This can be a side effect of medications or a condition. Saliva does more than keep your mouth wet -- it protects teeth from decay, helps heal sores in your mouth, and prevents infections.


Question: Why do I have to go to the dentist if I have no teeth?

Answer: It's a good idea to visit the dentist at least once a year for a full oral exam. As you age, you might have issues but not know it. Your doctor can look for signs of oral cancer and other medical problems of the mouth, head, and neck. You also need to have dentures checked for fit, and routinely cleaned.


Question: How is viral pneumonia spread?

Answer: Viruses that cause pneumonia travel through the air in droplets of fluid after someone sneezes or coughs. These fluids can get into your body through your nose or mouth. You can also get viral pneumonia after touching a virus-laden doorknob or keyboard, then touching your mouth or nose.


Question: Should I eat fatty fish if I have rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: The omega-3 fatty acids in fish like herring, mackerel, salmon, and tuna -- as well as in fish oil supplements -- may help with RA pain and morning stiffness. Omega-3s contain a natural chemical that's similar to some painkillers.


Question: Should I drink alcohol if I have rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: Also, you may need to cut back on alcohol if you take medications for RA (like methotrexate). Some people can have one or two drinks a week at most. Ask your doctor what's OK for you.


Question: Should I follow an extreme diet if I have rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: Although no food plans are proven to help RA, you may read about some that claim to, or know of people with RA who say it worked for them. Before you try one, it's a good idea to discuss it with your doctor, especially if it calls for megadoses of supplements or cuts out whole food groups. If you do want to take supplements for your RA or try to use food as medicine, make sure to talk to your doctor first.


Question: Do certain foods help with rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: But research shows that some foods are better for you than others. It depends partly on your health and the medication you take.


Question: Should I eat olive oil if I have rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: Try it instead of other cooking oils. It's better for your heart and may block inflammation.


Question: Should I eat fiber if I have rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: Aim for: Lots of whole grains, vegetables, and fruits.


Question: Should I eat other vitamins and minerals if I have rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: RA makes you more likely to have low levels of vitamins B6, B12, C, D, and E, and magnesium, selenium, and zinc. Ask your doctor if you might need more of these from foods or supplements.


Question: Should I eat processed foods if I have rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: You may want to cut back on highly processed foods like packaged snacks, baked goods, and lunch meats. Some research shows that the saturated fat in them raises inflammation. It's not clear that these foods affect RA symptoms.


Question: Should I eat folic acid if I have rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: If you take methotrexate, your doctor may recommend folic acid supplements. They can help prevent side effects. Folic acid is also in foods like spinach and citrus fruits.


Question: What is the best way to eat to treat rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: Experts keep studying the effects of diet on RA, but they still haven't found what everyone wants: a diet that improves RA or its symptoms. Until they do, planning your diet is simple. " People with RA should eat a healthy diet, just like anyone else," says Ruchi Jain, MD, a rheumatologist at Rush University Medical Center in Chicago.


Question: How can fruits and vegetables keep your child's teeth healthy?

Answer: Tips for selecting and eating foods that are more healthful to your child's teeth: Keep lots of fruits and vegetables in your house -- to offer as "healthy snacks" -- instead of carbohydrates. Choose fruits and vegetables that contain a high volume of water, such as pears, melons, celery, and cucumbers. Limit bananas and raisins, as these contain concentrated sugar, or urge your child to brush after these fruits are eaten.


Question: Why should you brush your child's teeth after giving him or her medicine?

Answer: Be sure to brush your child's teeth after giving him or her medicine. Medicines such as cough syrups contain sugar that bacteria in the mouth use to make acids. These acids can eat away at the enamel -- the protective top layer of the tooth.


Question: Is  xylitol-sweetened or sugar-free gum OK for children's teeth?

Answer: Other tips: If your child chews gum, encourage him or her to choose xylitol-sweetened or sugar-free gum. Xylitol has been shown to reduce the amount of bacteria in the mouth and the chewing action helps increase the flow of saliva.


Question: How can offering your child plain water keep his teeth healthy?

Answer: Offer your child plain water instead of juice or soda. Juices, sodas, and even milk contain sugar. Water does not harm the teeth and aids in washing away any food particles that may be clinging to teeth.


Question: How is xanthan gum made?

Answer: These include: Tablets that slowly break down in the body Liquid drops for the eyes Xanthan gum is produced by fermenting a carbohydrate (a substance that contains sugar) with Xanthomonas campestris bacteria, then processing it.


Question: How old is cupping therapy?

Answer: The cups may be made of: Glass Bamboo Earthenware Silicone Cupping therapy might be trendy now, but it's not new. It dates back to ancient Egyptian, Chinese, and Middle Eastern cultures. One of the oldest medical textbooks in the world, the Ebers Papyrus, describes how the ancient Egyptians used cupping therapy in 1,550 B. C. There are different methods of cupping, including: Dry Wet During both types of cupping, your therapist will put a flammable substance such as alcohol, herbs, or paper in a cup and set it on fire.


Question: What are the side effects of cupping therapy?

Answer: Cupping is fairly safe, as long as you go to a trained health professional. But you could have these side effects in the area where the cups touch your skin: Mild discomfort Burns Bruises Skin infection Talk with your doctor before you start cupping or any other type of alternative or complementary medicine.


Question: What are cups made of for cupping therapy?

Answer: The cups may be made of: Glass Bamboo Earthenware Silicone Cupping therapy might be trendy now, but it's not new.


Question: How is cupping therapy done?

Answer: One of the oldest medical textbooks in the world, the Ebers Papyrus, describes how the ancient Egyptians used cupping therapy in 1,550 B. C. There are different methods of cupping, including: Dry Wet During both types of cupping, your therapist will put a flammable substance such as alcohol, herbs, or paper in a cup and set it on fire. As the fire goes out, he puts the cup upside down on your skin. As the air inside the cup cools, it creates a vacuum. This causes your skin to rise and redden as your blood vessels expand. The cup is generally left in place for up to 3 minutes. A more modern version of cupping uses a rubber pump instead of fire to create the vacuum inside the cup.


Question: Should you see a doctor about your vertigo?

Answer: Before you try to treat it yourself, see your doctor. If you have vertigo, you'll need to know what type it is and which ear has the problem.


Question: How do you do the Semont maneuver to treat vertigo?

Answer: This exercise is similar to the Epley maneuver, though not as popular in the United States. For dizziness from the left ear and side: Sit on the edge of your bed. Turn your head 45 degrees to the right. Quickly lie down on your left side. Stay there for 30 seconds. Quickly move to lie down on the opposite end of your bed. Don't change the direction of your head. Keep it at a 45-degree angle and lie for 30 seconds. Look at the floor. Return slowly to sitting and wait a few minutes. Reverse these moves for the right ear. Again, do these moves three times a day until you go 24 hours without vertigo.


Question: How can you treat benign paroxysmal positional vertigo?

Answer: If you have BPPV, certain actions can move the calcium crystals that cause the problem out of your ear canal. That should bring relief. Your doctor or a therapist can show you how to do these moves.


Question: What is the follow-up care after trying home treatments for vertigo?

Answer: For the rest of the day after doing any of these exercises, try not to tilt your head too far up or down. If you don't feel better after a week of trying these moves, talk to your doctor again, and ask her what she wants you to do next. You might not be doing the exercises right, or something else might be the cause of your dizziness.


Question: How do I calm a person who is having panic attacks?

Answer: Ask the person what you can do to help. Reassure the person that the attack will probably pass in a few minutes. Encourage the person to take slow, even breaths. Do not minimize the person's symptoms. If unable to calm the person, take him or her to see a health care provider right away.


Question: What are some effective treatments for glaucoma?

Answer: Typically, the doctor will start you on an eye drop formula. The medications work two ways: Some decrease how much fluid is produced in the eye; others help the fluid flow out better. Many people can preserve their vision if they take their medications as scheduled and visit their doctor regularly. Note: Medications for glaucoma -- even eye drops -- can affect the entire body, so you should alert all of your doctors that you are taking them, as well as report all of your medical conditions to your eye doctor.


Question: What can I do for a parent who needs glaucoma surgery?

Answer: If your parent faces surgery, do what you can to help him or her prepare, then arrange transportation to follow-up visits to the doctor. There are many services and products available to help someone with impaired vision continue to write checks, organize their kitchen, tell time, and even play cards. Contact the Glaucoma Foundation to learn about them. Remember, the best help you can offer is your emotional support.


Question: Can I wear contacts with glaucoma?

Answer: Whether or not you can wear contact lenses depends on which glaucoma treatment your doctor selects for you. You should be able to continue wearing them if you use eye drops. However, some drugs may need to be taken when lenses are not in your eyes. Also, some of the older medications can affect your prescription, so you may need to get new contacts at some point. If your doctor decides that you need surgery, your ability to wear contacts may be affected.


Question: What can I do for a parent with glaucoma?

Answer: So, first, reassure your parent that many people keep their vision with proper medication and care. Next, help your loved one establish a routine so eye drops are applied correctly on schedule. Some eye drops must be applied several times a day.


Question: How are routines effective in glaucoma patients?

Answer: Next, help your loved one establish a routine so eye drops are applied correctly on schedule. Some eye drops must be applied several times a day. This can be especially difficult for people with arthritis, and, frankly, not an easy task for anyone to remember! You could offer to help, perhaps by swinging by the house or by calling with a reminder. If that's not possible, talk with your parent's doctor to make sure a plan is in place. Compliance with drop regimens is extremely important in glaucoma to prevent permanent vision loss.


Question: How effective is marijuana in treating glaucoma?

Answer: Studies performed in the 1970s reported that smoking marijuana could lower eye pressure. Other studies have been inconclusive. Newer reviews by the National Eye Institute and the Institute of Medicine show that there is no scientific evidence that marijuana is more effective than the drugs currently available.


Question: What are some surgeries associated with glaucoma?

Answer: In some people, however, drugs alone do not control the eye pressure, and surgery is needed. One type of surgery called laser trabeculoplasty uses a laser to improve the flow of fluids out of the eye. This can be done in your doctor's office. There are also several conventional surgeries -- the most common is called trabeculectomy -- in which your doctor creates a new drainage path in the eye under the eyelid. This surgery must be done in an operating room. After both of these procedures, people may still have to take eye drops to further lower the eye pressure.


Question: What are the driving restrictions of someone with glaucoma?

Answer: Most people with glaucoma can still drive -- as long as they pass the Department of Motor Vehicles' vision test. Simply put, your ability to drive will depend on how much vision has been lost. Some people with advanced glaucoma can still get their license renewed but with restrictions. Ask your doctor to discuss your condition with you to determine if driving will be a concern for you.


Question: What are some myths about electrolysis?

Answer: Myth: Electrolysis is very painful. For most people, today's methods don't cause a lot of pain, but it can hurt. If you find it too uncomfortable, your doctor may be able to give you an anesthetic cream. Myth: The electric tweezer method is permanent. The FDA and the American Medical Association recognize only electrolysis as a permanent method of removing hair. Some states prohibit those using or selling the electric tweezer from claiming it provides permanent hair removal. Myth: Temporary methods of hair removal can be better. Chemical depilatories (liquids or creams) are often used to remove body hair. These products contain irritating chemicals and can be time-consuming and messy. Likewise, bleaches contain harsh chemicals and do little to disguise dark hair. They may also discolor skin. Waxing is another temporary method of hair removal and is usually done in salons. A hot wax is applied to the skin and removed once it has dried over the hair. The hair is stripped off when the wax is removed. Waxing can be painful and costly. Home waxing kits are available, but they can be messy and difficult to use. There are electrolysis devices available for home use, but they are often unsafe for use by anyone who is not trained in electrolysis.


Question: How do I choose an electrologist for electrolysis?

Answer: Electrologists are people who have special training to perform electrolysis. If you are considering electrolysis, it is important that you do your research before committing to sessions. The wrong decision can mean extra sessions and cost along with unnecessary discomfort and scarring. Know the professional's qualifications. Many states require electrologists to be licensed or certified within the state to practice. If you live in one of those states, be sure the practitioner's certificate is current and on display. For states that do not regulate electrolysis, look for electrologists who have certification from an accredited electrology school. Ask around. One of the best ways to find good services is to ask friends and family as well as your doctor for recommendations. If you know anybody who has undergone electrolysis, ask for his or her input. Get a consultation. Many places will give you a free consultation. During the consultation, be sure all of your questions are answered. Some things you may want to ask about include: how the procedure will feel; how many visits you will likely need; how much each visit costs; how long each session lasts; how long the practitioner has been in business; and the number of clients he or she has treated. Make sure the electrologist uses the right technique. The practitioner should use needle electrolysis, which is the only permanent form of hair removal. Some places may advertise electrolysis but use electronic tweezers or photoepilators instead. These are not permanent hair removal procedures. Use common sense. When you go to your consultation, look around. Does the place look clean? Do the workers look clean? Do they use disposable gloves or needles? Ask to meet the person who will be performing the electrolysis. Does he or she strike you as professional? If you are not comfortable with somebody, look for someone else to do the procedure. Personal comfort is essential to knowing you have made the right choice.


Question: How is depression related to your heart?

Answer: Depression has been linked to heart disease. When you are under stress or having a panic attack, the body releases stress hormones like cortisol as part of our natural "fight or flight" response. These hormones can trigger physical symptoms like chest pain and a rapid heartbeat that may feel like a heart attack.


Question: Can depression affect your heart?

Answer: These symptoms can be related to lung or heart problems, even serious ones like a heart attack. But they also can be symptoms of depression and anxiety, what doctors call "anxious depression." These chest pains can often be chronic in those suffering from depression, but may be felt suddenly in those suffering from anxiety. If you are having these symptoms, see a doctor right away to rule out serious heart, gastrointestinal, or lung problems.


Question: How does laser treatment help in treating toenail fungus?

Answer: You might have success getting your toenails zapped with targeted lasers. Several types of lasers are used. There isn't a lot of research on them, but so far it seems promising. Laser treatment isn't covered by insurance, though, and it can cost a lot.


Question: What is the most common side effect of anti-inflammatory asthma inhalers?

Answer: Unlike the serious side effects of oral steroids, the most common side effects of anti-inflammatory asthma inhalers are hoarseness and thrush, especially in elderly adults. As with all asthma inhalers, you should rinse the mouth carefully after using your inhaler. Gargle with water after inhalation to help reduce the risk of oral thrush.


Question: When should prednisone be taken for my asthma?

Answer: Prednisone is an oral steroid medication. If you have serious worsening of asthma symptoms (an asthma attack), your doctor may prescribe a brief course of oral steroids such as prednisone. Oral steroids may also be prescribed when your asthma symptoms worsen but you do not require hospitalization.


Question: What are the side effects long-term steroid use for asthma?

Answer: Steroids have many potential side effects, especially when given orally and for a long period of time. Side effects with short-term steroid use include: Weight gain Fluid retention High blood pressure Elevated blood sugar Side effects with long-term steroid use include: Growth suppression Diabetes Cataracts of the eyes Bone-thinning osteoporosis Muscle weakness Anti-inflammatory asthma inhalers are often used as a first-line controller treatment for asthma.


Question: What are the side effects short-term steroid use for asthma?

Answer: Steroids have many potential side effects, especially when given orally and for a long period of time. Side effects with short-term steroid use include: Weight gain Fluid retention High blood pressure Elevated blood sugar Side effects with long-term steroid use include: Growth suppression Diabetes Cataracts of the eyes Bone-thinning osteoporosis Muscle weakness Anti-inflammatory asthma inhalers are often used as a first-line controller treatment for asthma.


Question: How often does autism happen to children in the United States?

Answer: Over the last decade, there has been a dramatic increase in the number of diagnosed cases of autism in the U. S. and around the world. Experts do not know if this is because the disorder is actually on the rise, or if doctors are simply diagnosing it more effectively. We should learn more answers to questions like these over the next few years. That's because many researchers are currently looking into autism's origins, prevalence, and treatment.


Question: What are signs and symptoms in children with autism?

Answer: Varying widely, signs and symptoms in children with autism typically include: Impaired communication skills Difficulty making eye contact Repetitive behaviors and activities such as arm flapping, head banging, or twirling an object over and over Rigid behavior and difficulty with change and transitions Narrow range of interests and activities Experts do not know exactly what causes autism.


Question: What is the treatment for children with autism?

Answer: There is no cure for autism, but early intervention using skills-training and behavior modification can yield excellent results. This type of educational and behavioral treatment tackles autism symptoms -- impaired social interaction, communication problems, and repetitive behaviors. It can also boost the chances of a child with child autism being able to go to school and participate in typical activities. Other treatment options for children with autism include: Medication .


Question: What are some features of autism?

Answer: Some features of autism include: Social withdrawal Verbal or nonverbal communication problems Rigid and repetitive behavior In severe cases, an autistic child may never learn to speak or make eye contact. But many children with autism and other autism spectrum disorders are able to live relatively normal lives.


Question: What are pigmented birthmarks?

Answer: It's important to remember that although most birthmarks are noncancerous, a doctor should examine your child if he or she is born with abnormally colored skin or develops birthmarks shortly after birth. Certain birthmarks described below can pose health risks. Most pigmented birthmarks will be flat and smooth and may range in color from white to tan to blue. There are several types of pigmented birthmarks, including Mongolian spots -- bruised or bluish in color, typically appearing on the buttocks or lower back; cafe-au-lait spots -- light brown; and typical moles that appear at birth, which are also called congenital nevi. Moles should be monitored for color, shape, or size changes, and/or itching or bleeding.


Question: What are the symptoms of an epilepsy?

Answer: Generalized motor seizures make your body move or twitch Generalized non-motor seizures don't cause movement Seizures can make you move, have unusual feelings, or both. Which symptoms you have depend on the type of seizure you get.


Question: What devices are used to treat epilepsy?

Answer: Two types are approved to treat epilepsy: Vagus nerve stimulation ( VNS) sends regular pulses of electrical energy to your brain to prevent seizures. A doctor puts the device under the skin of your chest. Responsive neurostimulation ( RNS) also sends pulses to the brain, but through a device that your doctor places under your scalp.


Question: What are the symptoms of a seizure from epilepsy?

Answer: During a seizure, you might: Stare into space Get confused or be unsure of where you are Pass out Jerk or twitch your arms and legs Rub your hands, smack your lips, or make other unusual movements Notice strange smells, tastes, sounds, or sights Feel strange in general These problems can last from a few seconds to a few minutes. Most people have the same symptoms each time they have a seizure.


Question: Can a ketogenic diet help treat epilepsy in children?

Answer: It's a high-fat, low-carb food plan that helps control seizures in children. It might work for adults, too, but more research is needed. The ketogenic diet is strict and complicated. You'll need to work closely with your doctor.


Question: What are the different kinds of focal seizures?

Answer: Focal aware seizures mean you're awake and you can respond to others Focal impaired seizures mean you're not completely aware Focal motor seizures cause your body to jerk, twitch, or move in other ways Focal non-motor seizures affect how you feel or think Generalized seizures start on both sides of your brain.


Question: What will a doctor check during a neurological exam for epilepsy?

Answer: You may get a neurological exam, a series of tests that show how well your brain and the rest of your nervous system are working. Your doctor will check your: Walking skills Reflexes and coordination Muscles Senses Thinking ability Other tests your doctor may suggest to find out if you have epilepsy: EEG.


Question: What is the theory behind acupressure?

Answer: Acupressure is just one of a number of Asian bodywork therapies ( ABT) with roots in traditional Chinese medicine ( TCM). Examples of other Asian bodywork therapies are medical qigong and Tuina. Shiatsu is a Japanese form of acupressure. Traditional Chinese medical theory describes special acupoints, or acupressure points, that lie along meridians, or channels, in your body. These are the same energy meridians and acupoints as those targeted with acupuncture. It is believed that through these invisible channels flows vital energy -- or a life force called qi (ch'i). It is also believed that these 12 major meridians connect specific organs or networks of organs, organizing a system of communication throughout your body. The meridians begin at your fingertips, connect to your brain, and then connect to an organ associated with a certain meridian. According to this theory, when one of these meridians is blocked or out of balance, illness can occur. Acupressure and acupuncture are among the types of TCM that are thought to help restore balance.


Question: Are there any precautions with acupressure?

Answer: In general, acupressure is very safe. If you have cancer, arthritis, heart disease, or a chronic condition, be sure to have a discussion with your doctor before trying any therapy that involves moving joints and muscles, such as acupressure. And, make sure your acupressure practitioner is licensed and certified. Deep tissue work such as acupressure may need to be avoided if any of the following conditions apply: The treatment is in the area of a cancerous tumor or if the cancer has spread to bones You have rheumatoid arthritis, a spinal injury, or a bone disease that could be made worse by physical manipulation You have varicose veins You are pregnant (because certain points may induce contractions)


Question: How can acupressure help with pain?

Answer: Some preliminary evidence suggests that acupressure may help with low back pain, postoperative pain, or headache. Pain from other conditions may benefit, as well. To relieve headache, the LI 4 pressure point is sometimes tried. Arthritis .