Question: Can you treat keratoconus?

Answer: At first, glasses or soft contacts can solve the problem. As the disease goes on, you may need to wear rigid gas permeable lenses. For people with early keratoconus, a procedure called corneal crosslinking can be performed. During this procedure, the doctor will replace your damaged cornea with a donated one. This operation is usually successful.


Question: What are the symptoms of sleep apnea?

Answer: Common sleep apnea symptoms include: Waking up with a very sore or dry throat Loud snoring Occasionally waking up with a choking or gasping sensation Sleepiness or lack of energy during the day Sleepiness while driving Morning headaches Restless sleep Forgetfulness, mood changes, and a decreased interest in sex Recurrent awakenings or insomnia var s_context; s_context= s_context || {}; s_context['wb.modimp'] = 'vidfloat'; http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/sleep-apnea/basics/definition/con-20020286; Audio Jungle; Renars Jurkovskis; Stockbyte; Photo Talk; ukrainec; Brian Chase; Peter Cade; i Stock.


Question: I have seasonal affective disorder (SAD). Should I increase the dose of my antidepressant?

Answer: An increase in medication may help, but consult your doctor about it. Don't increase the dose on your own; instead ask your doctor to evaluate your condition and tell you if you need more medication, or perhaps a different antidepressant.


Question: What are symptoms of seasonal affective disorder (SAD), and who tends to get it?

Answer: They found this tendency to have seasonal mood and behavior changes occurs in different degrees, sometimes with mild changes and other times severe mood shifts. Symptoms of SAD can include: Sleeping too much Experiencing fatigue in the daytime Gaining weight Having decreased interest in social activities and sex SAD is more common for residents in northern latitudes. It's less likely in Florida, for instance, than in New Hampshire.


Question: Why do I seem to get so gloomy each winter, or sometimes beginning in the fall?

Answer: You may have what's called seasonal affective disorder, or SAD. The condition is marked by the onset of depression during the late fall and early winter months, when less natural sunlight is available. Some people have depression year round that gets worse in the winter; others have SAD alone, struggling with low moods only in the cooler, darker months. SAD affects up to 3% of the U. S. population, or about 9 million people, some experts say, and countless others have milder forms of the winter doldrums.


Question: I have seasonal affective disorder (SAD). What can I do on my own to ease winter depression?

Answer: You may have what's called seasonal affective disorder, or SAD. It can be used in combination with talk therapy, antidepressant medication, and supplements of the hormone melatonin, which can help synchronize the body clock. So does getting regular exercise, maintaining social activity, and talking with friends. Taking a vitamin D supplement may also help alleviate some symptoms of winter depression. Talk to your doctor about the proper dosage. Resist the urge to overeat. Most experts recommend a diet with enough protein and plenty of complex carbohydrate-containing foods such as whole grain products and starchy vegetables (instead of simple carbohydrates such as candy and soda).


Question: How are broken wrist or forearm treated?

Answer: When it happens close to the base of your hand, it's called a broken wrist. If it's farther up the bone toward the elbow, you've got a broken forearm. You may also need an operation if the fracture shattered your bone, or if the broken pieces don't line up right. Your surgeon attaches something to the bone to hold it in place, such as: Metal pins or rods A plate and screws A device outside your body that he connects to your bone through the skin Treatment without surgery. If the pieces of your bone are lined up correctly, your doctor will put your wrist or arm in a cast.


Question: How can I adjust my to-do list to make time for a healthy habit?

Answer: When you create your to-do list, pretend you have only about 80% of the time you think you do to get it all done. That can keep you from overloading yourself. Set clear priorities at the start of each day, so you know what you need to finish by the end of it. Write down everything that âshouldâ get done. Then edit it down to only the top few, and make sure they include your health goals.


Question: How important is sleep to creating healthy habits?

Answer: So when you're reviewing your time journal, ask yourself: What tasks take longer than they should? Sleeping at least 7 hours a night leads to better and longer workouts, according to the Sleep Disorders Center at Northwestern Memorial Hospital in Chicago. Getting enough sleep helps with memory, coordination, and mood, too.


Question: How can getting up early help you make time for healthy habits?

Answer: That can keep you from overloading yourself. Morning is a great time to get things done, before other things intrude and pile up. Plus, you start the day with a big check mark on your to-do list.


Question: How can I find the time to start a healthy habit?

Answer: If you're convinced that your day is already overscheduled and overbooked, think again: There might be a minute or two (or 10!) Does anything surprise you? Snoozing longer than you thought? Maybe that's an extra 10 minutes of found time. Staying late at work consistently? Perhaps you can stay 45 minutes instead of an hour (or leave on time one day a week) and use the time to make a healthy dinner. Do you overestimate what's realistic to get done in a day? Then edit it down to only the top few, and make sure they include your health goals. You've just banked 30 minutes for some healing ZZZs.


Question: What kind of pain can you get from endometriosis?

Answer: Aside from the pain, other symptoms include: Really long or extremely heavy periods Severe migraines or lower back pain during your period Painful bowel movements Allergies that get worse around your period Bleeding between periods Fatigue Nausea Diarrhea Pelvic or belly pain might start before your period and last for several days. Leg pain. Endometriosis can affect nerves that connect to your groin, hips, and legs. Painful bowel movements . Depending on the areas affected by endometriosis, it might hurt to go to the bathroom. If it's severe, it might also cause bleeding and constipation.


Question: What are symptoms of food intolerance?

Answer: Intolerances usually show up as stomach trouble like gas, pain, bloating, or diarrhea -- not the rashes, hives, and watery eyes that are common with allergies.


Question: What are FODMAPs?

Answer: Intolerances are often linked to things in the food, such as: Lactose, a natural sugar found in milk, cheese, and other dairy products Sulfites, for instance in wines, pickled foods, and sodas Gluten, a protein in wheat, barley, rye, and some other grains Fructose, a natural sugar found in most fruits and also in high-fructose corn syrup, a sweetener used in some soft drinks and some processed foods, like pastries and cereal FODMAPs (fermentable oligosaccharides disaccharides monosaccharides and polyols), carbohydrates that draw water into your intestine during digestion FODMAPs cause gas, bloating, and abdominal pain in some people (usually those with other digestive issues). Many plant foods contain FODMAPs, including apples, honey, garlic, and wheat.


Question: How can a hydrogen breath test help to diagnose a food intolerance?

Answer: Your doctor also may recommend a test called a hydrogen breath test, which you can take at her office. Depending on what she thinks your intolerance might be, she'll give you a drink with large amounts of lactose, fructose, sucrose, or glucose. She'll then test your breath every 15 minutes to check the amount of hydrogen or methane. If you have too much of one of these, it indicates your body isn't able to break it down. That likely means you have an intolerance. For this test to work the way it should, you may need to eat a low-carb diet for a few weeks before testing.


Question: What's the difference between a food allergy and a food intolerance?

Answer: An intolerance means your body has a hard time digesting a food or an ingredient in it, such as a dye or a chemical. That's different from an allergy. An allergy is when your body's immune system thinks the food is harmful and tries to fight it off.


Question: How do doctors diagnose a food intolerance?

Answer: Your doctor will ask about your medical history, the foods you eat, and your symptoms and may suggest some screening tests. You also may need to keep a detailed food and symptoms diary. Your doctor may suggest an exclusion diet: You'll stop eating foods that are the most common intolerance triggers. As these foods are slowly brought back into your eating plan, you and your care provider will keep track of your symptoms so you can see which foods or additives you are sensitive to.


Question: What foods are often linked to food intolerance?

Answer: Intolerances are often linked to things in the food, such as: Lactose, a natural sugar found in milk, cheese, and other dairy products Sulfites, for instance in wines, pickled foods, and sodas Gluten, a protein in wheat, barley, rye, and some other grains Fructose, a natural sugar found in most fruits and also in high-fructose corn syrup, a sweetener used in some soft drinks and some processed foods, like pastries and cereal FODMAPs (fermentable oligosaccharides disaccharides monosaccharides and polyols), carbohydrates that draw water into your intestine during digestion FODMAPs cause gas, bloating, and abdominal pain in some people (usually those with other digestive issues).


Question: How can you prevent food intolerance?

Answer: It can be uncomfortable, but food intolerances usually aren't dangerous. Prevention for food intolerances is much the same as for allergies: Read labels and be careful when eating out to avoid the food or ingredient as much as possible.


Question: Should I track my rheumatoid arthritis (RA) triggers?

Answer: When you look back, you may see connections you didn't notice at the time. While avoiding triggers is important, you also need to understand the limits of what you can do on your own to stop flares.


Question: How can proper shoes help with your arthritis?

Answer: These make it easier for a person with rheumatoid arthritis to fasten the shoes. In general, running shoes are often an advantage because of their light weight. When picking out a shoe, ALWAYS try on several pairs and walk around in them before purchasing. Great-fitting shoes are worth investing time and effort.


Question: What do I need to know about arthritis footcare?

Answer: Many forms of arthritis commonly affect the feet. Osteoarthritis frequently causes degeneration of the cartilage and bony spurs at the base of the big toe. Wider shoes may be necessary. Degeneration of the arch of the foot can lead to spur formation on the top of the foot. This can put pressure on adjacent nerves of sensation, which can cause burning of the foot and toes. When this discomfort occurs, patients should avoid tying the shoe tightly or wear a shoe that does not bind at the point of the spur.


Question: When should I get medical help for hyperventilation?

Answer: Chest pain, including pain that is crushing, squeezing (feels like a heavy weight on the chest), or is sharp and stabbing, especially if it is worse with deep breaths Difficulty breathing Racing heartbeat Fevers or chills Calm the person to help reduce anxiety.


Question: What does measurable mean in weight loss goals?

Answer: Your device will track the calories you burn, so you'll be able to clearly know when you succeed.


Question: What does specific mean in weight loss goals?

Answer: Look at your fitness device to see how many calories you burn a week by exercising.


Question: What does time-bound mean in weight loss goals?

Answer: This is your goal for this week. Period. You can choose to pursue this goal again next week, or you can set a new goal. It's easier to commit to a goal -- and be successful -- if you do it for a set amount of time.


Question: What does attainable mean in weight loss goals?

Answer: Since you're already burning 1,000 calories a week through exercise, bumping it up a bit should be manageable. To burn 1,250 calories, you'll need to add about one extra workout.


Question: Can using a fitness tracker help me set up S.M.A.R.T. goals for weight loss?

Answer: Use the info you track, your calories burned, food eaten, and hours slept to shape S. M. A. R. T. goals for yourself. Here's one example of how to do it. Look at your fitness device to see how many calories you burn a week by exercising. Let's say it's 1,000 calories. Use that data to bump up your calorie burn. For example, a S. M. A. R. T. goal is â I will walk enough to burn at least 1,250 calories through exercise this week.â Specific.


Question: Should you fill your prescriptions ahead of time for cholesterol medications?

Answer: And ask your pharmacist any questions you have about your medicine. Let your doctor know if you have trouble getting to the pharmacy, have financial concerns, or have other problems that make it hard for you to get your prescriptions filled.


Question: What are tips for when you are taking your cholesterol medications?

Answer: Take all drugs the way your health care provider tells you to. Know why you are taking your medicine. Take your medicine, at the same time every day. Do not stop taking it or change it without talking with your doctor first. Even if you feel good, keep taking it.


Question: What should you discuss with your doctor about cholesterol medications?

Answer: Before having surgery with anesthesia, including dental work, tell the doctor or dentist what medicines you take. Some medicines may affect your heart rate. Ask your doctor if you need to check your heart rate and how often you should do it. Ask your doctor if you should avoid alcohol. Ask your doctor or pharmacist how to simplify your medicine routine. If you don't feel like your medicine is making a difference, tell your doctor. Get some colored labels and place them on your medicine bottles to simplify your routine.


Question: Can you take over-the-counter herbal treatments with cholesterol medications?

Answer: Do not stop taking it or change it without talking with your doctor first. These can change how your cholesterol medicine works for you.


Question: Iâm a caregiver for someone with Alzheimerâs. How can I lessen the agitation they feel sometimes?

Answer: You may be able to lessen the agitation by simplifying her routine or distracting her from the stress that caused the problem. A few things to try: Create a calm place for her. Check for physical reasons she might be agitated, like hunger, thirst, needing to use the bathroom, or being too hot or cold. Exercise can ease anxiety and stress. Use low lighting or night-lights to help her feel less confused and afraid at night. You may feel frustrated, but try to keep your voice calm and steady and avoid arguing or criticizing her.


Question: What is Buerger's disease?

Answer: Although the cause is unknown, there is a strong association with tobacco use or exposure. The arteries of the arms and legs become narrowed or blocked, causing lack of blood supply (ischemia) to the fingers, hands, toes and feet. Pain occurs in the arms, hands and, more frequently, the legs and feet, even when at rest. With severe blockages, the tissue may die (gangrene), requiring amputation of the fingers and toes. Superficial vein inflammation and symptoms of Raynaud's occur commonly in people with Buerger's disease.


Question: What is peripheral arterial disease (PVD)?

Answer: Peripheral vascular disease ( PVD) or peripheral arterial disease ( PAD) is sometimes called âpoor circulation.â It usually refers to the narrowing of arteries in the legs, causing less blood flow to the muscles. PAD can also affect the arms, stomach and neck. It is caused by atherosclerosis of the arteries (cholesterol plaques causing hardening and narrowing of the artery) due to high cholesterol, diabetes, smoking, high blood pressure, inactivity and obesity. The most common symptom of PAD of the legs is claudication, which is pain occurring while walking and relieved with rest. You may also feel cramping or a tiredness in the leg or hip muscles while walking.


Question: What are blood clotting disorders?

Answer: Blood clotting disorders are conditions that make the blood more likely to form blood clots in the arteries and veins. These conditions may be inherited (congenital, occurring at birth) or acquired and include: Elevated levels of factors in the blood which cause blood to clot (fibrinogen, factor VIII, prothrombin) Deficiency of natural anticoagulant (blood-thinning) proteins (antithrombin, protein C, protein S) Elevated blood counts Abnormal fibrinolysis (the breakdown of fibrin) Abnormal changes in the lining of the blood vessels (endothelium) The lymphatic system is a circulatory system that includes an extensive network of lymph vessels and lymph nodes.


Question: What is lymphedema?

Answer: These conditions may be inherited (congenital, occurring at birth) or acquired and include: Elevated levels of factors in the blood which cause blood to clot (fibrinogen, factor VIII, prothrombin) Deficiency of natural anticoagulant (blood-thinning) proteins (antithrombin, protein C, protein S) Elevated blood counts Abnormal fibrinolysis (the breakdown of fibrin) Abnormal changes in the lining of the blood vessels (endothelium) The lymphatic system is a circulatory system that includes an extensive network of lymph vessels and lymph nodes. The lymphatic system helps coordinate the immune system's function to protect the body from foreign substances. Lymphedema is an abnormal build-up of fluid that causes swelling, most often in the arms or legs. Lymphedema develops when lymph vessels or lymph nodes are missing, impaired, damaged or removed. Primary lymphedema is rare and is caused by the absence of certain lymph vessels at birth, or it may be caused by abnormalities in the lymphatic vessels. Secondary lymphedema occurs as a result of a blockage or interruption that alters the lymphatic system. Secondary lymphedema can develop from an infection, malignancy, surgery, scar tissue formation, obesity, trauma, deep vein thrombosis ( DVT), radiation or other cancer treatment.


Question: What is peripheral venous disease?

Answer: When your muscles relax, the valves close, keeping blood flowing in one direction through the veins. If the valves inside your veins become damaged, the valves may not close completely. This allows blood to flow in both directions. When your muscles relax, the valves inside the damaged vein(s) will not be able to hold the blood. This can cause pooling of blood or swelling in the veins. The veins bulge and appear as ropes under the skin. The blood begins to move more slowly through the veins, it may stick to the sides of the vessel walls and blood clots can form.


Question: What does vascular pain feel like?

Answer: Symptoms may include: Pain or heaviness in the area affected Numbness, weakness, or a tingling in the affected area Therapies to treat vascular pain can include medications, angioplasty, or bypass surgery.


Question: What are the different types of weight loss surgeries?

Answer: Restrictive surgeries work by shrinking the size of the stomach and slowing down digestion. Malabsorptive/restrictive surgeries change how you take in food. They give you a smaller stomach and also remove or bypass part of your digestive tract, which makes it harder for your body to absorb calories. Implanting an electrical device, the newest of the three techniques, prompts weight loss by interrupting nerve signals between the stomach and the brain.


Question: What are conditions associated with pelvic floor disorders?

Answer: When pelvic floor disorders develop, one or more of the pelvic organs may stop working properly. Conditions associated with pelvic floor disorders include: Pelvic organ prolapse Urinary incontinence Anal incontinence " Prolapse" refers to a descending or drooping of organs.


Question: How is pelvic organ prolapse treated?

Answer: Your doctor may order a variety of tests: Urinary tract X-ray (intravenous pyelography) CT scan of the pelvis Ultrasound of the pelvis MRI scan of the pelvis Treatment of pelvic organ prolapse depends on how severe the symptoms are. Treatment can include a variety of therapies, including: Behavioral treatments, such as doing Kegel exercises designed to strengthen the pelvic floor muscles Mechanical treatments, such as inserting a small plastic device called a pessary into the vagina to provide support for the drooping organs Surgical treatment, either to repair the affected tissue or organ or to remove the organ (such as removal of the uterus by hysterectomy) Many risk factors for pelvic organ prolapse are out of your control.


Question: What are the symptoms of pelvic organ prolapse?

Answer: Some women notice nothing at all, but others report these symptoms with pelvic organ prolapse: A feeling of pressure or fullness in the pelvic area A backache low in the back Painful intercourse A feeling that something is falling out of the vagina Urinary problems such as leaking of urine or a chronic urge to urinate Constipation Spotting or bleeding from the vagina Symptoms depend somewhat on which organ is drooping. If the bladder prolapses, urine leakage may occur. If it's the rectum, constipation and uncomfortable intercourse often occur. A backache as well as uncomfortable intercourse often accompanies small intestine prolapse.


Question: How is pelvic organ prolapse diagnosed?

Answer: Your doctor may order a variety of tests: Urinary tract X-ray (intravenous pyelography) CT scan of the pelvis Ultrasound of the pelvis MRI scan of the pelvis Treatment of pelvic organ prolapse depends on how severe the symptoms are. Treatment can include a variety of therapies, including: Behavioral treatments, such as doing Kegel exercises designed to strengthen the pelvic floor muscles Mechanical treatments, such as inserting a small plastic device called a pessary into the vagina to provide support for the drooping organs Surgical treatment, either to repair the affected tissue or organ or to remove the organ (such as removal of the uterus by hysterectomy) Many risk factors for pelvic organ prolapse are out of your control.


Question: What is a pelvic floor disorder?

Answer: Normally, these muscles and the tissues surrounding them keep the pelvic organs in place. These organs include your bladder, uterus, vagina, small bowel, and rectum. Sometimes, these muscles and tissue develop problems. Some women develop pelvic floor disorders following childbirth. And as women age, pelvic organ prolapse and other pelvic floor disorders become more common. Your doctor may order a variety of tests: Urinary tract X-ray (intravenous pyelography) CT scan of the pelvis Ultrasound of the pelvis MRI scan of the pelvis Treatment of pelvic organ prolapse depends on how severe the symptoms are.


Question: What are the presenting symptoms of headaches in hemicrania continua?

Answer: The headaches often have some of the same symptoms as other kinds of headaches. This overlap can make them tricky for doctors to diagnose. Like migraines, they can cause: Nausea or vomiting Sensitivity to noise or light Throbbing pain Hemicrania continua also shares features of cluster headaches. For example, people who have it may have problems with how part of their nervous system works. That causes symptoms that happen on the painful side of the face and head, including: Stuffy or runny nose Nosebleeds (which are rare) Tearing, redness, or irritation of the eyes Drooping eyelids Sweating Some things tend to make symptoms worse, such as: Stress Changes in sleep patterns Bright lights Fatigue Overdoing exercise Alcohol Some people have symptoms when they: Feel pressure on their neck Flex or rotate their neck Doctors can make a diagnosis of hemicrania continua if you've had pain consistently, without it switching sides or disappearing even briefly, for at least 3 months.


Question: What neck conditions cause hemicrania continua?

Answer: That causes symptoms that happen on the painful side of the face and head, including: Stuffy or runny nose Nosebleeds (which are rare) Tearing, redness, or irritation of the eyes Drooping eyelids Sweating Some things tend to make symptoms worse, such as: Stress Changes in sleep patterns Bright lights Fatigue Overdoing exercise Alcohol Some people have symptoms when they: Feel pressure on their neck Flex or rotate their neck Doctors can make a diagnosis of hemicrania continua if you've had pain consistently, without it switching sides or disappearing even briefly, for at least 3 months.


Question: What are the symptoms of a hemicrania continua?

Answer: People with hemicrania continua describe a dull ache or throb that's interrupted by pain that is: Jolting Sharp Stabbing These attacks usually happen three to five times a day.


Question: Can a hemicrania continua be treated?

Answer: With the right treatment, though, most people can get nearly complete relief from the pain.


Question: What are the symptoms of hemicrania continua?

Answer: People with hemicrania continua describe a dull ache or throb that's interrupted by pain that is: Jolting Sharp Stabbing These attacks usually happen three to five times a day. Some people will have these headaches steadily for months or years. For others, the pain will last for at least 3 months and then will go away for weeks or months, then come back.


Question: What can make the symptoms of hemicrania continua worse?

Answer: That causes symptoms that happen on the painful side of the face and head, including: Stuffy or runny nose Nosebleeds (which are rare) Tearing, redness, or irritation of the eyes Drooping eyelids Sweating Some things tend to make symptoms worse, such as: Stress Changes in sleep patterns Bright lights Fatigue Overdoing exercise Alcohol Some people have symptoms when they: Feel pressure on their neck Flex or rotate their neck Doctors can make a diagnosis of hemicrania continua if you've had pain consistently, without it switching sides or disappearing even briefly, for at least 3 months.


Question: What anti-inflammatory medications can ease hemicrania continua headaches?

Answer: Some anti-inflammatory medications ease hemicrania continua headaches. Indomethacin, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug ( NSAID), often gives fast relief. Daily doses of indomethacin for hemicrania continua typically range from 25 to 150 milligrams. A common side effect of the drug is irritation of the lining of the stomach and digestive tract. So, people who take it may also need medication to help their stomach make less acid.


Question: How is surgery used to treat stage IV colorectal cancer?

Answer: You may need an operation to remove the cancer, both in the colon and in other places where it has spread. Or you may need surgery to bypass the cancer and hook back up the healthy parts of the colon.


Question: How is stage 0 colorectal cancer treated?

Answer: Stage 0 colorectal cancer is found only in the innermost lining of the colon. Surgery should be able to take it out. Your procedure will depend on how big the cancer is. Your surgeon may be able to remove the tumor and a little tissue near it. He may call this procedure a polypectomy. If you have larger tumors, your surgeon may need to remove the diseased part of the colon and reattach the healthy tissue so that your bowels still work. Doctors call this procedure an anastomosis.


Question: What does stage IV colorectal cancer mean?

Answer: Treatment involves: Surgery to remove the tumor and all involved lymph nodes if possible Chemotherapy after surgery Radiation if the tumor is large and invading the tissue surrounding the colon Stage IV colorectal cancers have spread outside the colon to other parts of the body, such as the liver or the lungs. You may also hear the cancer called "metastatic,â which means that it has spread. The tumor can be any size and may or may not include affected lymph nodes.


Question: How is recurrent colorectal cancer treated?

Answer: Treatment may involve: Surgery to remove the recurrences If all the cancer can't be removed in an operation, chemotherapy is the main treatment.


Question: How is stage III colorectal cancer treated?

Answer: Treatment involves: Surgery to remove the tumor and all involved lymph nodes if possible Chemotherapy after surgery Radiation if the tumor is large and invading the tissue surrounding the colon Stage IV colorectal cancers have spread outside the colon to other parts of the body, such as the liver or the lungs.


Question: How are clinical trials used to treat stage IV colorectal cancer?

Answer: These are studies that test new drugs or treatments to see if they are safe and if they work. They often are a way for people to try new medicine that isn't available to everyone. Your doctor can tell you if one of these trials might be a good fit for you.


Question: What does stage III colorectal cancer mean?

Answer: Here's what that means: Stage l Il A: Tumors are within the colon wall and also involve the lymph nodes. Stage l Il B: Tumors have grown through the colon wall and have spread to one to four lymph node. Stage l Il C: Tumors have spread to more than four lymph nodes.


Question: How is stage II colorectal cancer treated?

Answer: Stage I tumors have spread beyond the inner lining of the colon, to the second and third layers, and involve the inside wall of the colon. You'll probably have surgery to remove the cancer and an area surrounding the cancer. You may also get chemotherapy as a precaution to help prevent the cancer from coming back. Doctors usually do this only for people who are likely to get the disease, because there aren't a lot of advantages of chemotherapy in this stage of colon cancer. An oncologist (a doctor who specializes in cancer treatment) should help decide whether chemotherapy is needed for your stage II colon cancer. Here's what that means: Stage l Il A: Tumors are within the colon wall and also involve the lymph nodes.


Question: Are there foods to avoid to help prevent gout?

Answer: If gout runs in the family, men in particular should limit their intake of alcohol, fats, and foods that are more likely to increase uric acid level in the body -- meat, sardines, bacon, mussels, and yeast. Alcohol, especially beer, can also bring on an attack of gout. Such men should watch their weight with extra care.


Question: When are biopsies recommended?

Answer: A biopsy might be recommended whenever there is an important medical question the biopsy could help answer. Here are just a few examples: A mammogram shows a lump or mass, indicating the possibility of breast cancer. A mole on the skin has changed shape recently and melanoma is possible. A person has chronic hepatitis and it's important to know if cirrhosis is present. In some cases, a biopsy of normal-appearing tissue may be done. This can help check for cancer spread or rejection of a transplanted organ. In most cases, a biopsy is done to diagnose a problem or to help determine the best therapy option.


Question: What is a needle biopsy?

Answer: Most biopsies are needle biopsies, meaning a needle is used to access the suspicious tissue.


Question: Why are biopsies done?

Answer: Biopsies are most often done to look for cancer. But biopsies can help identify many other conditions.


Question: What is a kidney biopsy?

Answer: Similar to a liver biopsy, a needle is injected through the skin on the back, into the kidney.


Question: What is a skin biopsy?

Answer: A punch biopsy is the main biopsy method. It uses a circular blade to get a cylindrical sample of skin tissue.


Question: What is a aspiration biopsy?

Answer: Aspiration biopsy. A needle withdraws material out of a mass. This simple procedure is also called fine-needle aspiration.


Question: What is a ultrasound-guided biopsy?

Answer: An ultrasound scanner helps a doctor direct the needle into the lesion.


Question: What is a CT-guided biopsy?

Answer: A person rests in a CT-scanner; the scanner's images help doctors determine the exact position of the needle in the targeted tissue.


Question: How long does it take to get results from a biopsy?

Answer: The time it takes to get results from a biopsy can vary. During a surgery, a pathologist may read a biopsy and report back to a surgeon in a few minutes. Final, highly accurate conclusions on biopsies often take a week or longer. You will probably follow up with your regular doctor to discuss the biopsy results.


Question: What is a liver biopsy?

Answer: A needle is injected into the liver through the skin on the belly, capturing liver tissue.


Question: What is a surgical biopsy?

Answer: Either a piece of tissue or the whole lump of tissue may be removed.


Question: What happens after your biopsy?

Answer: But biopsies can help identify many other conditions. A person has chronic hepatitis and it's important to know if cirrhosis is present. You would make a separate appointment for the biopsy. In most cases, sedating and pain relief medicines are given, reducing any discomfort. ( In some cases, the doctor collecting the sample can diagnose the condition.)


Question: Why do people take turmeric?

Answer: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } Curcumin, a substance in turmeric, may help to reduce inflammation. Several studies suggest that it might ease symptoms of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, like pain and inflammation. Other compounds in turmeric might also be medicinal. In lab tests, curcumin seems to block the growth of certain kinds of tumors. One study showed that turmeric extract containing curcumin could -- in some cases -- stabilize colorectal cancer that wasn't helped by other treatments. But more research is needed. Other preliminary lab studies suggest that curcumin or turmeric might protect against types of colitis, stomach ulcers, and high cholesterol. Based on studies, turmeric and curcumin might also help treat upset stomach, diabetes, depression, HIV, uveitis, and viral infections.


Question: How much turmeric should you take?

Answer: Turmeric is an unproven treatment, though it has years of traditional use and some preliminary convincing research. There is no standard dosage. Ask your health care provider for advice.


Question: Can you get turmeric naturally from foods?

Answer: Turmeric, as a spice, is a common ingredient in Indian cooking. The spice (and supplement) comes from the underground stems (rhizomes) of the turmeric plant.


Question: How safe is turmeric?

Answer: Given the lack of evidence about its safety, children and women who are breastfeeding should only use turmeric supplements if a doctor recommends it.


Question: What are the interactions when taking turmeric?

Answer: Talk to a doctor before using turmeric supplements regularly if you have any medical conditions, including gallbladder or kidney disease, bleeding disorders, diabetes, or immunity problems. They could interact with medicines like aspirin, NSAID painkillers, statins, diabetes drugs, blood pressure medicines, and blood thinners. They might also interact with supplements that decrease clotting, like ginkgo, ginseng, and garlic.


Question: What are the risks of taking turmeric?

Answer: Since turmeric can potentially increase bleeding, stop taking it at least two weeks before any surgery. Given the lack of evidence about its safety, children and women who are breastfeeding should only use turmeric supplements if a doctor recommends it.


Question: What is turmeric?

Answer: In India and other parts of Asia, turmeric is used to treat many health conditions. It is believed to have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and perhaps even anticancer properties. Turmeric, as a spice, is a common ingredient in Indian cooking. The spice (and supplement) comes from the underground stems (rhizomes) of the turmeric plant.


Question: How is periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD) diagnosed?

Answer: A sleep partner may observe PLMD, which often affects the partner before the person knows of his or her behavior. In other cases, the diagnosis is made with the use of an overnight polysomnogram (a test that records bodily functions during sleep). This test is often used to assess the cause of daytime sleepiness or recurrent awakenings from sleep. Blood work may be done in order to test iron status, folic acid, vitamin B12, thyroid function, and magnesium levels.


Question: What should I avoid if I have periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD)?

Answer: The use of caffeine often intensifies PLMD symptoms. Caffeine-containing products such as chocolate, coffee, tea, and soft drinks should be avoided.


Question: What causes periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD)?

Answer: The causes of PLMD are unknown. However recent research has shown that people with a variety of medical problems, including Parkinson's disease and narcolepsy, may have frequent periodic limb movements in sleep. Iron deficiency seems to be the most commonly recognized cause of PLMD and its cousin, Restless Legs Syndrome.


Question: What are symptoms of periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD)?

Answer: Symptoms of PLMD are usually leg movements with the extension of the big toe in combination with a partial flexing of the ankle, knee, or hip. Movement of the legs is more typical than movement of the arms. It can often cause a partial or full brief awakening, resulting in fragmented sleep. Patients are frequently unaware of these movements.


Question: How is periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD) treated?

Answer: Generally, there are several classes of drugs that are used to treat PLMD. These include drugs closely related to those that treat Parkinson's disease, anticonvulsant medications, benzodiazepines, and narcotics. Current treatment recommendations consider the anti- Parkinson's type medications as a first line of defense. Medical treatment of PLMD often significantly reduces or eliminates the symptoms of these disorders.


Question: What are warnings about children and adolescents using antidepressant medicines?

Answer: Note: The FDA has determined that antidepressant medications can increase the risk of suicidal thinking and behavior in children and adolescents with depression and other psychiatric disorders. If you have questions or concerns, discuss them with your health care provider.


Question: What are possible causes why my arm hurts?

Answer: Sometimes, you can trace arm pain to a sports injury or simply using it too much. Other times, another condition could be to blame. Here are some other possible causes: Broken bones: If your arm starts to hurt right after a physical injury, you may have fractured it. You might also have swelling, bruising, numbness, or weakness. See your doctor right away so your arm will heal properly. Strain or sprain: An injury can cause damage to your muscles (a strain) or your ligaments (a sprain). Symptoms include pain, swelling, bruising, weakness, and muscle spasms. Both conditions will usually heal on their own, but if your symptoms are severe, you should see your doctor as soon as possible. Tendinitis: This happens when the tendons in your shoulder or arm become inflamed. Those are bands of tissue that connect muscles to bones. One example of tendinitis is âtennis elbow.â You could feel the pain in your shoulder, elbow, or wrist. It could be a result of an injury or â more often â overuse. Rotator cuff injury: This part of your shoulder is made up of muscles and tendons. It allows your shoulder to move or stay in place. As we age, tendons in the rotator cuff begin to wear down or tear. If you have a job where you make overhead motions over and over, you can damage it, too. Symptoms range from a dull ache and weakness in your arm to severe, constant pain. If you suspect a rotator cuff injury, see your doctor. You may need physical therapy. Carpal tunnel syndrome: Doing the same movements over and over with your wrist can cause damage to the main nerve in your hand. It can lead to numbness, tingling, weakness, and pain.


Question: What are kinase inhibitors for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma?

Answer: These drugs block a type of protein called a kinase, which in some cases is linked to cancer. The medicines include ibrutinib ( Imbruvica), acalabrutinib ( Calquence), idelalisib ( Zydelig), and copanlisib ( Aliqopa).


Question: What drugs does CHOP for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma include?

Answer: A common course of chemotherapy for non- Hodgkin's Lymphoma is called CHOP. It includes a combo of four drugs: Cyclophosphamide ( Cytoxan) Hydroxydaunorubicin Vincristine ( Oncovin) Prednisone Also, many other drugs are effective when used or combined.


Question: What is immunotherapy for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma?

Answer: You'll take drugs that boost your immune system's activity or are man-made versions of your immune system, called monoclonal antibodies. Most of the time, you'll take these medicines through an IV injection.


Question: How do you take chemo for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma?

Answer: Sometimes doctors inject the medicine into your vein, and sometimes you take it in a pill form. Chemo can also be combined with other treatments, including radiation therapy, targeted therapy, or immunotherapy. Most chemotherapy for lymphoma, whether you take one drug or a few at once, can be done in a clinic, so you won't have to stay overnight in a hospital. You might need a short hospital stay if your treatment plan calls for frequent infusions of drugs into your blood.


Question: What is the treatment for a slow-growing type of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma?

Answer: If you've been diagnosed with non- Hodgkin's lymphoma, your next step is to figure out what kind of treatment you need. He'll keep tabs on your condition, and he won't begin treating you unless the disease gets active.


Question: How can radiation help with treating non-Hodgkin's lymphoma?

Answer: You and your doctor will talk over which one is best for you. You may also get radiation along with other treatments, like chemotherapy Radiation therapy is painless and only takes a few minutes. When you're getting the treatment, you most often have the procedure done 5 days a week for a few weeks.


Question: How can your bowel become blocked?

Answer: Damaged blood vessels leading to the bowel can cause some bowel tissue to die.


Question: Is a stent an option to treat bowel obstruction?

Answer: This is the safer option for people who are too sick for emergency surgery. A stent made out of wire mesh is placed in the bowel at the site of the blockage to force the bowel open. This will allow matter to pass through again. Some people may not need anything more than a stent. Others may need surgery after they become stable.


Question: Will a barium enema help determine if I have a bowel obstruction?

Answer: Your doctor may give you a barium enema. This means a special liquid that contains barium (a whitish-silver metal) will be inserted into your rectum. It will spread into your bowels and appear on an X-ray as a bright area. If there's a blocked area, the barium may show it.


Question: What are the most common signs of bowel obstruction?

Answer: Common causes are: Crohn's disease Diverticulitis Hernia Colon cancer Stomach cancer Ovarian cancer Scar tissue from surgery Radiation to the abdominal area Advanced lung cancer, breast cancer, or melanoma that has spread to the bowel Signs of an intestinal blockage will depend on how bad the obstruction is. But it almost always comes with abdominal pain and cramping. Here are some other possible signs you have a bowel obstruction: You're constipated. You can't pass gas at all. Stomach cramps come and go. You don't get hungry. You throw up or feel like you're going to. Your belly is swollen If you've been constipated and any of these symptoms appear, contact your doctor right away.


Question: What is a fecal impaction?

Answer: A common type of obstruction, or blockage, is called fecal impaction. Fecal impaction is when a large, hard mass of stool gets stuck in your digestive tract and can't be pushed out the normal way.


Question: Where in your digestive system does a bowel obstruction usually happen?

Answer: Bowel obstructions can happen in your small or large intestine, but they're more likely to be in the small intestine.


Question: How do I know if I have a bowel obstruction?

Answer: These could all be signs you have a bowel obstruction, which is a serious problem that happens when something blocks your bowel, either your large or small intestine. Your belly is swollen If you've been constipated and any of these symptoms appear, contact your doctor right away. She'll do a physical exam to see if you have pain in your abdomen, if you're able to pass gas, or if there's a lump that she can feel in your abdomen.


Question: What allergy tests are used to find the cause of breathing problems?

Answer: One of them is the prick technique. In this test, the doctor first puts a tiny drop of allergen on your skin. Then the doctor makes a puncture with a needle directly in the drop of allergen extract. If you are allergic to the specific allergen, your body will react to it by turning red at the site. You may also experience itching and swelling at the site of the allergen placement. Another type of skin test involves your doctor injecting the allergen extract directly under the skin using a syringe. Other allergy tests include: allergy blood tests (called a RAST or radioallergosorbent test) a challenge test, in which the doctor introduces tiny amounts of the suspected allergen by inhaled, oral, or other routes These tests are used less frequently than the skin testing.


Question: How are medications used to treat breathing problems?

Answer: Sinusitis can make it difficult to breathe through your nose for a week or two until the inflammation subsides and the congested sinuses begin to drain. These medications can be delivered orally or through nasal sprays. In addition, inhaled steroids may give relief to some with chronic allergies and sinusitis. These drugs work to reduce inflammation in the airways. Allergy shots are yet another way to reduce sensitivity to allergens and may give relief to some breathing problems. Asthma is treated with inhaled or oral drugs that help open airways and reduce the primary inflammation in the airways. These asthma medications help ease or even prevent airway obstruction and excessive mucus production. An accurate diagnosis is important before you can treat and prevent breathing problems.


Question: What causes breathing problems?

Answer: There are many causes of breathing problems. Some people have difficulty breathing when they get a cold. Others have trouble breathing because of occasional bouts of acute sinusitis. Sinusitis can make it difficult to breathe through your nose for a week or two until the inflammation subsides and the congested sinuses begin to drain. These problems can cause a host of symptoms such as nasal congestion, runny nose, itchy or watery eyes, chest congestion, cough, wheezing, labored breathing, and shallow breathing. The nasal passage is a pathway for viruses and allergens to enter your lungs. So the nose and sinuses are often associated with many lung disorders. A sinus or nasal passage inflammation may trigger reflexes and cause asthma attacks. And the No. 1 trigger for asthma is allergies. In addition, inhaled steroids may give relief to some with chronic allergies and sinusitis.


Question: Can medical intervention help me manage breathing problems?

Answer: But a greater understanding of your breathing problems, along with an accurate medical diagnosis and effective treatment, can help you regain control. So often, people seek medical intervention only after they have had breathing problems for weeks to months. Often by the time the medications are started, damage has occurred that takes more time to heal. An accurate diagnosis is important before you can treat and prevent breathing problems. Each of us is different.


Question: What are some triggers of asthma related to breathing problems?

Answer: Asthma is treated with inhaled or oral drugs that help open airways and reduce the primary inflammation in the airways. Asthma triggers may include: Viral infections (cold or flu) Pollen Pet dander Mold spores Dust mites Cockroaches Irritating pollutants in the air Fragrances and fumes Smoke Food allergies Even exercise and cold weather can be an asthma trigger in some people.


Question: Which tests are used to diagnose breathing problems?

Answer: Breathing problems may also stem from other serious problems such as lung cancer, tuberculosis, pneumonia, and lung disease related to HIV/ AIDS. These tests include spirometry and a test known as methacholine challenge. Spirometry is a simple breathing test. It measures how much air you can blow out of your lungs and how fast you can blow it. In some cases, the doctor may take an X-ray to see the structures inside your chest, including the heart, lungs, and bones. A chest X-ray is a good test to diagnose pneumonia. It can't, though, identify most breathing problems by itself. For some people with breathing problems, a CT scan of the chest is needed. This scan looks for any problems in the lungs. A CT scan uses X-rays and a computer to create detailed images. If you suffer with chronic sinusitis, your doctor may order a special sinus CT scan. This scan will be used to evaluate your sinuses. Once the problem is diagnosed, your doctor may prescribe effective treatment to help resolve the breathing difficulty. After performing allergy tests, your doctor may know what's triggering your breathing problems.


Question: Can physical therapy help you heal from an injured sacroiliac (SI) joint?

Answer: Physical therapy: A physical therapist can teach you exercises to gently strengthen the muscles around your SI joint to help the area heal and prevent another injury. How you move your body every day could be adding to your SI pain, so your therapist may show you better ways to sit, lift, or carry heavy things. She can also guide you through other therapies, like water aerobics, Pilates, or yoga.


Question: What is blood in semen (hematospermia)?

Answer: This is especially true for men who: Have repeated episodes of blood in the semen Have related symptoms while urinating or ejaculating Are at risk for cancer, a bleeding disorder, or other conditions Blood in the semen is called hematospermia or hemospermia. When men ejaculate, they typically don't examine their semen looking for blood. So it's not known how common the condition is.


Question: How can blood in semen (hematospermia) come from a sexually transmitted infection (STI)?

Answer: These include: Prostate(the gland that produces the fluid part of semen) Urethra (the tube that carries urine and semen from the penis) Epididymis and vas deferens (tiny tube-like structures where sperm mature before ejaculation) Seminal vesicles (which add more fluid to the semen) It can also come from an STI (sexually transmitted infection) such as gonorrhea or chlamydia, or from another viral or bacterial infection. Infection and inflammation are the culprits behind nearly four out of every ten cases of blood in the semen.


Question: How can tumors and polyps cause blood in semen (hematospermia)?

Answer: One review of over 900 patients with blood in semen found only 3.5% actually had a tumor. Most of these tumors were in the prostate. Blood in semen, though, can be linked to cancer of the testicles, bladder, and other reproductive and urinary tract organs. Men -- especially older men -- with risk factors for cancer should be evaluated if they have blood in their semen. Untreated cancer is a life-threatening disease. Polyps in the reproductive tract, which are benign growths that don't cause any medical problem, can also cause blood in semen.


Question: What is the treatment for blood in semen (hematospermia)?

Answer: Treatments target the known cause: Antibiotics are used for infections. An anti-inflammatory medication may be prescribed for some types of inflammation. If an STD or medical condition such as high blood pressure or liver disease is the culprit, the doctor will treat that condition. When blood in semen stems from a recent urology procedure, such as a prostate biopsy, it usually disappears by itself in a matter of weeks.


Question: What are some related symptoms of blood in semen (hematospermia)?

Answer: When looking for an underlying cause of blood in the semen, the doctor will ask about any related symptoms, including: Blood in the urine (called hematuria) Hot, burning urination or other symptoms of painful urination Difficulty emptying your bladder completely A painful bladder that feels distended Painful ejaculation Swollen or painful areas on the sex organs or obvious scrapes from injury Penis discharge or other signs of an STD Fever, racing pulse, and higher-than-normal blood pressure To diagnose blood in the semen the doctor will take a complete medical history.


Question: How is blood in semen (hematospermia) tested for and evaluated?

Answer: When looking for an underlying cause of blood in the semen, the doctor will ask about any related symptoms, including: Blood in the urine (called hematuria) Hot, burning urination or other symptoms of painful urination Difficulty emptying your bladder completely A painful bladder that feels distended Painful ejaculation Swollen or painful areas on the sex organs or obvious scrapes from injury Penis discharge or other signs of an STD Fever, racing pulse, and higher-than-normal blood pressure To diagnose blood in the semen the doctor will take a complete medical history. That will include a history of any recent sexual activity. The doctor will also perform a physical exam. This will include examining the genitals for lumps or swelling and a digital rectal exam to check the prostate for swelling, tenderness, and other symptoms. The doctor may also ask for the following tests: Urinalysis or urine culture to identify infection or other abnormalities. STD testing if a sexually transmitted disease is suspected. The "condom test" if there's a possibility that blood in the semen is actually coming from a sexual partner's menstrual cycle. The man will be told to wear a condom and then examine the "protected" semen for blood. PSA testing, to test for prostate cancer by measuring a substance called prostate-specific antigen in the blood. Other urological tests such as cystoscopy, ultrasound, CT, and MRI to further evaluate the patient.


Question: Does blood in semen (hematospermia) disappear on its own?

Answer: That means that the blood in the semen goes away by itself without medical treatment.


Question: How can blood vessel problems cause blood in semen (hematospermia)?

Answer: All of the delicate structures involved in ejaculation, from the prostate to the tiny tubes that carry sperm, contain blood vessels. These can be damaged resulting in blood in the semen.


Question: When should I worry about blood in semen (hematospermia)?

Answer: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } But for men 40 and over, chances are higher that blood in the semen needs evaluation and treatment. This is especially true for men who: Have repeated episodes of blood in the semen Have related symptoms while urinating or ejaculating Are at risk for cancer, a bleeding disorder, or other conditions Blood in the semen is called hematospermia or hemospermia.


Question: What causes blood in semen (hematospermia)?

Answer: This is the most common cause of blood in the semen. Blood can come from an infection or inflammation, in any of the glands, tubes, or ducts that produce and move semen from the body. These include: Prostate(the gland that produces the fluid part of semen) Urethra (the tube that carries urine and semen from the penis) Epididymis and vas deferens (tiny tube-like structures where sperm mature before ejaculation) Seminal vesicles (which add more fluid to the semen) It can also come from an STI (sexually transmitted infection) such as gonorrhea or chlamydia, or from another viral or bacterial infection.


Question: How can your doctor help to treat blood in semen (hematospermia)?

Answer: For men younger than 40 with no related symptoms and no risk factors for underlying medical conditions, blood in semen often disappears on its own. This is especially true for men who: Have repeated episodes of blood in the semen Have related symptoms while urinating or ejaculating Are at risk for cancer, a bleeding disorder, or other conditions Blood in the semen is called hematospermia or hemospermia. But for men of any age with risk factors for cancer, testing that rules out prostate cancer may be the most reassuring part of treatment for blood in semen.


Question: What other medical conditions can cause blood in semen (hematospermia)?

Answer: For instance, as many as four out of five men may temporarily have blood in their semen following a prostate biopsy. Other medical conditions. As many as 15% of cases of blood in semen can't be traced to a known cause. In younger men, blood in the semen that happens just once or twice without any additional symptoms or history of certain medical conditions can disappear on its own without treatment.


Question: Is blood in semen (hematospermia) normal?

Answer: Fortunately, it doesn't always signal a major medical problem. For men younger than 40 with no related symptoms and no risk factors for underlying medical conditions, blood in semen often disappears on its own. The man will be told to wear a condom and then examine the "protected" semen for blood.


Question: How can trauma or a medical procedure cause blood in semen (hematospermia)?

Answer: This is the most common cause of blood in the semen. For instance, as many as four out of five men may temporarily have blood in their semen following a prostate biopsy. Procedures done as treatment for urinary problems can also cause mild trauma that leads to temporary bleeding. This usually disappears within several weeks after the procedure. Radiation therapy, vasectomy, and injections for hemorrhoids can also cause blood. Physical trauma to the sex organs after pelvic fracture, injury to the testicles, excessively rigorous sexual activity or masturbation, or other injury can cause blood in the semen.


Question: How can obstruction cause blood in semen (hematospermia)?

Answer: Blood can come from an infection or inflammation, in any of the glands, tubes, or ducts that produce and move semen from the body. This can cause blood vessels to break and release small amounts of blood. The condition called BPH, which causes the prostate to become enlarged and pinch the urethra, is also linked to blood in semen.


Question: How can Vitamin C help keep your skin healthy?

Answer: Vitamin CVitamin C, ascorbic acid, is an antioxidant that helps tissue grow and repair itself.


Question: How can Vitamin E help keep your skin healthy?

Answer: Vitamin EVitamin E helps the body regulate retinol levels, which is essential for healthy skin.


Question: How can Coenzyme Q10 help keep your skin healthy?

Answer: Coenzyme Q10 Coenzyme Q10, also known as Co Q10, acts as an antioxidant, which helps protect cells from damage.


Question: What vitamins help your skin?

Answer: Supplements for Skin and Beauty Certain vitamins and antioxidants may improve the health and quality of your skin. Vitamins C and E, and selenium are antioxidants that may help protect skin from sun damage.


Question: What supplements may help keep your skin healthy?

Answer: Supplements for Skin and Beauty Certain vitamins and antioxidants may improve the health and quality of your skin. Vitamins C and E, and selenium are antioxidants that may help protect skin from sun damage. Vitamin A Vitamin A, also known as retinol, is key for cell growth, and often used as a topical antiaging treatment. Coenzyme Q10 Coenzyme Q10, also known as Co Q10, acts as an antioxidant, which helps protect cells from damage. Vitamin CVitamin C, ascorbic acid, is an antioxidant that helps tissue grow and repair itself. Vitamin EVitamin E helps the body regulate retinol levels, which is essential for healthy skin. Selenium Selenium is a mineral that may help protect the skin against sun damage and wrinkles.


Question: How can selenium help keep your skin healthy?

Answer: Selenium Selenium is a mineral that may help protect the skin against sun damage and wrinkles.


Question: When should I call 911 for my heart failure symptoms?

Answer: If he shows any of these signs, get in touch with the doctor's office: Feeling of fullness in the stomach with a loss of appetite or nausea Extreme fatigue or less able to complete daily activities Respiratory infection or cough that gets worse Fast heart rate (above 100 beats per minute) New, irregular heartbeat Chest pain or discomfort during activity that goes away with rest Trouble breathing during regular activities or at rest Changes in sleep patterns, such as trouble sleeping or feels he needs to sleep a lot more than usual Pees less than usual Gets restless or confused Constant dizziness or lightheadedness Nausea or poor appetite Call 911 if he has: New chest pain or discomfort that is severe and unexpected. It can happen with or without shortness of breath, sweating, nausea, or weakness.


Question: What are other non-food related causes of hyperlipidemia?

Answer: These include: Cheese Egg yolks Fried and processed foods Ice cream Pastries Red meat Don't exercise much? That can lead to putting on extra pounds, which can raise your cholesterol. As you get older, your cholesterol levels often creep up, too. Hyperlipidemia can run in families. People who inherit the condition can get very high cholesterol. That means they have a much greater chance of having a heart attack, even when they're young.


Question: What is hyperlipidemia?

Answer: Either way, it's a common problem. !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } The term covers several disorders that result in extra fats, also known as lipids, in your blood. You can control some of its causes; but not all of them. It's not something you can feel, but you'll notice the effects of it someday. Your doctor should check your lipid levels regularly.


Question: What tests are done for  blood in your urine?

Answer: Be ready to answer these questions for the health care provider: What color was the blood in the urine? The health care provider may order one or more of these tests: Urinalysis to check for urinary tract infection or kidney disease Blood test to check for kidney disease Kidney imaging studies to check for a tumor, kidney or bladder stone, enlarged prostate, or blockage to urine flow Cystoscopic examination (looking at the inside of the bladder with a very thin scope) to check for a tumor or bladder stone


Question: What questions will my doctor ask about the blood in the urine?

Answer: Call your health care provider to set up a prompt appointment, even if you only see blood once in the urine. Were there blood clots? If so, what size and shape? Was there blood at the beginning or end of the urine stream or during the entire stream? Was it painful for to urinate? Where was the pain located (for example, back, side, groin, or genital area)? Are there other symptoms, such as frequent or urgent urination? Burning during urination? Fever or chills?


Question: What are erythrodermic psoriasis?

Answer: A serious type that affects most of the body. Symptoms include red skin, lots of shedding, itching, pain, and body temperature that goes up and down. An outbreak usually requires you go to the hospital. It is the least common type but also the most severe.


Question: What is plaque?

Answer: Patches of scaling skin that cover sores. They usually appear on elbows, knees, and trunk.


Question: What is autoimmune disease?

Answer: A breakdown of the body's immune system, which defends you against infections. The immune system mistakenly attacks your own cells. This can cause an autoimmune disease like psoriasis.


Question: What are topical medications?

Answer: Ointments, creams, and solutions that are applied to your skin. Topical medications used for psoriasis include corticosteroids, retinoids, vitamin D3, and vitamin A derivatives.


Question: How does the heart react to heart failure?

Answer: At first, the heart will try to make up for underperforming: The chambers expand to allow more blood to move with each heartbeat. It contracts, or squeezes, more strongly. The muscle thickens so it can pump with more force. It beats faster. One problem with this is that, over time, an enlarged heart leads to fluid building up in your body, including the lungs. Because blood isn't moving well out of the heart, it backs up coming in. Veins swell, and tissues can't send back the blood without oxygen.


Question: How does your body respond to heart failure?

Answer: Your body also prioritizes where the oxygen should go. It will send more blood to important organs, such as your brain and heart, and divert blood away from other organs, muscles, and tissue. As a result, poor circulation in your arms and legs may lead to problems with everyday tasks, such as walking.


Question: What is compensated heart failure?

Answer: Compensated heart failure means your heart works well enough that you either don't notice any problems or the symptoms are easy to manage. You don't have fluid buildup in your legs and feet, and you can breathe without trouble. Your body still seems to be doing OK, even with the change in your heart's pumping ability.


Question: What is decompensated heart failure?

Answer: Decompensated heart failure can also make you feel tired and could make it harder to exercise or even do simple things like folding laundry. You may have abnormal heart rhythms (arrhythmias). Medications and devices such as artificial pumps can help you manage symptoms and keep up your quality of life.


Question: What is tachycardia?

Answer: It beats faster. This tends to happen in decompensated heart failure. Tachycardia can lead to several complications, including blood clots in the heart and fainting. The extra heartbeats can also weaken the heart muscle further. The downside of all this is that your heart can't keep it up, so after a while, it just won't be able to pump blood throughout your body anymore.


Question: What causes myofascial pain syndrome (MPS)?

Answer: Myofascial pain may develop from a muscle injury or from excessive strain on a particular muscle or muscle group, ligament or tendon. Other causes include: Injury to muscle fibers Repetitive motions Lack of activity (such as having a broken arm in a sling) Myofascial pain symptoms usually involve muscle pain with specific "trigger" or "tender" points.


Question: How is myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) treated?

Answer: Medications for sleep, depression or muscle spasm are sometimes used, as well. Non-drug treatments may include: Physical therapy " Stretch and spray" technique: This treatment involves spraying the muscle and trigger point with a coolant and then slowly stretching the muscle. Massage therapy Trigger point injection In some chronic cases of myofascial pain, combinations of physical therapy, trigger point injections, and massage are needed.


Question: What is the difference between depression and Alzheimer's?

Answer: If you're depressed, you may find it hard to focus or remember things you need to do. You also may sleep too much or too little, not want to spend time with your friends and loved ones, and feel hopeless much of the time. People with Alzheimer's also can experience these things, but a physical exam and a conversation about your symptoms should help your doctor make the right diagnosis.


Question: What is the difference between dementia and Alzheimer's?

Answer: Dementia is any memory loss or thinking problem caused by changes in your brain. Alzheimer's is just one type. Your memory also can be harmed by many other health issues, such as a stroke, Parkinson's disease, or a buildup of fluid on your brain. If you notice symptoms that have you concerned, see a doctor right away. He'll give you a thorough exam that may include taking a sample of your blood for testing, brain imaging, and neurological testing to figure out what's going on with your health and get you help.


Question: What  symptoms of urinary tract infection (UTI) can look like Alzheimer's?

Answer: In some people, especially those of advanced age, UTIs can cause a sudden onset of symptoms that look like Alzheimer's. You may get confused, upset, sleepy, or have trouble paying attention. Some people hallucinate -- believe they see or hear something no one else can. If your urine is tested and shows that you have an infection, you'll probably be given antibiotics to clear it up.


Question: What are symptoms of diabetes that looks like Alzheimer's?

Answer: In some people, especially those of advanced age, UTIs can cause a sudden onset of symptoms that look like Alzheimer's. People with diabetes can have a hard time keeping the right balance of insulin and blood sugar in their bloodstream. If your blood sugar levels drop too low, your body and brain don't have enough fuel to work as they should. This is called hypoglycemia. If it's severe, you can get confused doing even a basic daily task. You also can become clumsy, appear drunk, or maybe even faint.


Question: What are symptoms of thyroid disease that looks like Alzheimer's?

Answer: If you're depressed, you may find it hard to focus or remember things you need to do. In some people, especially those of advanced age, UTIs can cause a sudden onset of symptoms that look like Alzheimer's. It makes hormones that help your organs work and control how well your body uses food for fuel. If your thyroid is working too fast or too slow, it can affect your mental health. This can also make it hard for you to focus. And you may feel anxious or depressed. In severe cases, you can feel like you're losing touch with the real world.


Question: What tests are used to evaluate sexual problems?

Answer: Several tests can be used to evaluate the causes and extent of male sexual problems. They include: Blood tests -- These tests may be done to evaluate hormone levels as well as to check for diabetes, high cholesterol and other risk factors. Vascular assessment -- This involves an evaluation of the blood flow to the penis. A blockage in a blood vessel supplying blood to the penis may be contributing to erectile dysfunction. Sensory testing -- Particularly useful in evaluating the effects of diabetic neuropathy (nerve damage), sensory testing measures the strength of nerve impulses in a particular area of the body. Nocturnal penile tumescence and rigidity testing -- This test is used to monitor erections that occur naturally during sleep. This test can help determine if a man's erectile problems are due to physical or psychological causes.


Question: Who is affected by sexual problems?

Answer: They can occur in adults of all ages. Among those commonly affected are seniors, which may be related to a decline in health associated with aging. The most common sexual problems in men are ejaculation disorders, erectile dysfunction, and inhibited sexual desire.


Question: What is inhibited sexual desire?

Answer: Inhibited desire, or loss of libido, refers to a decrease in desire for, or interest in sexual activity. Reduced libido can result from physical or psychological factors. It has been associated with low levels of the hormone testosterone. It also may be caused by psychological problems, such as anxiety and depression; medical illnesses, such as diabetes and high blood pressure; certain medications, including some antidepressants; and relationship difficulties.


Question: When should I call my doctor about a sexual problem?

Answer: Many men experience a sexual problem from time to time. However, when the problems are persistent, they can cause distress for the man and his partner, and have a negative impact on their relationship. If you consistently experience sexual function problems, see your doctor for evaluation and treatment.


Question: What causes premature ejaculation?

Answer: Premature ejaculation, the most common form of sexual dysfunction in men, often is due to nervousness over how well he will perform during sex. But causes are often unclear. In some cases, premature and inhibited ejaculation are caused by a lack of attraction for a partner, past traumatic events, and psychological factors, including a strict religious background that causes the person to view sex as sinful. Certain drugs, including some antidepressants, may affect ejaculation, as can nerve damage to the spinal cord or back.


Question: How are male sexual problems diagnosed?

Answer: To diagnose a man's sexual problem, the doctor likely will begin with a thorough history of symptoms. He or she may order other tests to rule out any medical problems that may be contributing to the dysfunction. The doctor may refer you to other doctors, including a urologist (a doctor specializing in the urinary tract and male reproductive system), an endocrinologist (a doctor specializing in hormonal issues), a neurologist (a doctor specializing in disorders of the nervous system), sex therapists, and other counselors.


Question: How do sexual problems affect men?

Answer: The most common sexual problems in men are ejaculation disorders, erectile dysfunction, and inhibited sexual desire.


Question: What are ejaculation disorders?

Answer: There are different types of ejaculation disorders, including: Premature ejaculation -- This refers to ejaculation that occurs before or very soon after penetration. Inhibited or retarded ejaculation -- This is when ejaculation is slow to occur. Retrograde ejaculation is common in males with diabetes who suffer from diabetic neuropathy (nerve damage). This is due to problems with the nerves in the bladder and the bladder neck that allow the ejaculate to flow backward and into the bladder.


Question: What is a sexual problem?

Answer: The sexual response cycle has four phases: excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution. Many men experience a sexual problem from time to time.


Question: What causes sexual problems?

Answer: These conditions include diabetes, heart and vascular (blood vessel) disease, neurological disorders, hormonal imbalances, chronic diseases such as kidney or liver failure, and alcoholism and drug abuse. In addition, the side effects of certain medications, including some antidepressant drugs, can affect sexual desire and function. Psychological causes: These include work-related stress and anxiety, concern about sexual performance, marital or relationship problems, depression, feelings of guilt, and the effects of a past sexual trauma. Reduced libido can result from physical or psychological factors. Many cases of male sexual dysfunction can be corrected by treating the underlying physical or psychological problems.


Question: How common is sexual dysfunction?

Answer: Both men and women are affected by sexual problems. Increase communication with your partner.


Question: Can sexual problems be cured?

Answer: Sexual dysfunction can be a result of a physical or psychological condition. The outlook is good for dysfunction that is related to a treatable or reversible physical condition. However, when the problems are persistent, they can cause distress for the man and his partner, and have a negative impact on their relationship.


Question: How is male sexual dysfunction treated?

Answer: Sexual dysfunction can be a result of a physical or psychological condition. Treatment strategies may include the following: Medical treatment -- This involves treatment of any physical problem that may be contributing to a man's sexual dysfunction. Medications -- Medications, such as tadalafil ( Cialis), sildenafil ( Viagra) or vardenafil ( Levitra), may help improve sexual function in men by increasing blood flow to the penis. Promescent is a drug used to treat premature ejaculation. The topical spray is applied to the penis and contains lidocaine, reducing sensitivity and allowing for more ejaculation control. Hormones -- Men with low levels of testosterone may benefit from hormone supplementation (testosterone replacement therapy). Psychological therapy -- Therapy with a trained counselor can help a person address feelings of anxiety, fear, or guilt that may have an impact on sexual function. Mechanical aids -- Aids such as vacuum devices and penile implants may help men with erectile dysfunction. Education and communication -- Education about sex and sexual behaviors and responses may help a man overcome his anxieties about sexual performance. Open dialogue with your partner about your needs and concerns also helps to overcome many barriers to a healthy sex life.


Question: What is important to remember when taking angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs)?

Answer: Have your blood pressure and kidneys tested regularly while you take these. Keep all appointments with your medical team so they can monitor your response to the medicine. It may take many weeks for you to feel the full effects of the medication.


Question: When should you call the doctor about side effects of angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs)?

Answer: If you have severe vomiting or diarrhea, you may become dehydrated. This can lead to low blood pressure. Call your doctor. Also call him if you have any other side effects that concern you.


Question: How do I take angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs)?

Answer: Most ARBs can be taken on an empty or full stomach. Ask your doctor or pharmacist for specific instructions. Follow the label on how often to take it. The number of doses you take each day, the time between doses, and how long you'll take them will depend on the type of ARB prescribed and your condition.


Question: What are the types of angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs)?

Answer: There are several different ARBs, including: Candesartan ( Atacand) Eprosartan ( Teveten) Irbesartan ( Avapro) Losartan ( Cozaar) Olmesartan ( Benicar) Telmisartan ( Micardis) Valsartan ( Diovan) Candesartan and Valsartan are approved to treat heart failure.


Question: Should I avoid certain medicines while taking angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs)?

Answer: Over-the-counter anti-inflammatory medicines (like ibuprofen or naproxen) and aspirin may make you hang on to sodium and water and lower the effect of your ARB. Check with your doctor before taking any anti-inflammatory medications. Digoxin and warfarin may interfere with the effects of some ARBs. If you're taking these drugs, tell your doctor before an ARB is prescribed.


Question: Should I avoid certain foods when taking angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs)?

Answer: Don't use salt substitutes if you're taking an ARB. They have potassium and can also cause you to retain it. Choose foods low in both potassium and sodium. A dietitian can help you.


Question: Do home remedies for warts work?

Answer: People try countless home remedies for warts, but most do not help.


Question: Are over-the-counter wart removers safe?

Answer: Most dermatologists say it's safe to try drugstore wart removers -- as long as you've confirmed that it's really a wart. Sometimes calluses or corns are mistaken for warts. If in doubt, ask your doctor.


Question: How are 5-HTP (5-hydroxytryptophan) supplements regulated?

Answer: The U. S. Food and Drug Administration ( FDA) does regulate dietary supplements; however, it treats them like foods rather than medications. Unlike drug manufacturers, the makers of supplements don't have to show their products are safe or effective before selling them on the market.


Question: How can you get 5-Hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) naturally?

Answer: 5- HTP is an amino acid. 5- HTP supplements may raise levels of serotonin in the brain.


Question: What are benefits of 5-Hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) supplements?

Answer: It is available as a supplement and is generally considered safe, although some contaminated supplements have caused dangerous side effects. 5- HTP supplements also seem to help with fibromyalgia symptoms. In some studies, it's eased pain, morning stiffness, and sleep problems. People take 5- HTP for other conditions, including insomnia, anxiety, and obesity. There's not enough evidence to know whether it works for these conditions.


Question: What is 5-Hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP)?

Answer: 5- HTP is related to serotonin, a brain chemical that affects mood, sleep, and pain. It is available as a supplement and is generally considered safe, although some contaminated supplements have caused dangerous side effects. Your body makes 5- HTP from tryptophan, another amino acid.


Question: Who should not use 5-HTP (5-hydroxytryptophan) supplements?

Answer: Children and women who are pregnant or breastfeeding should not take these supplements. Check with a doctor first if you take any other drugs, especially cough medicines, painkillers, or treatments for Parkinson's disease.


Question: Why is it hard to notice nodular melanomas?

Answer: You might not notice a nodular melanoma since these cancers don't follow the usual warning signs of melanomas.


Question: Should you pop a nodular melanoma?

Answer: But usually it appears on the parts of the body that get a lot of sun, such as your: Legs Torso (chest, back, belly) Arms Head What to do: Don't try to pop it. The skin may break open, but there's no pus inside. You'll just cause a wound. If you have a new growth or spot on your skin that doesn't go away in 5 days, see your doctor.


Question: What are symptoms of nodular melanomas?

Answer: Nodular melanoma is a type of skin cancer. It's a dangerous form of melanoma that grows quickly. What It looks like: A nodular melanoma can look like a mole, bug bite, or pimple. Often, it looks like a round black bump. But it can be other colors. But usually it appears on the parts of the body that get a lot of sun, such as your: Legs Torso (chest, back, belly) Arms Head What to do: Don't try to pop it. The skin may break open, but there's no pus inside. You'll just cause a wound. If you have a new growth or spot on your skin that doesn't go away in 5 days, see your doctor. You might not notice a nodular melanoma since these cancers don't follow the usual warning signs of melanomas. And it's rare, but about 5% of the time, they don't have an unusual color. They can be pink, tan, or flesh-toned. The melanoma is often solid in color with even borders.


Question: Who gets nodular melanomas?

Answer: Nodular melanoma is a type of skin cancer. It's a dangerous form of melanoma that grows quickly. One main cause is the UV light from the daylight and tanning beds. But it's more common in men than women. The disease is most often found in men ages 50 and older. You're more likely to get the cancer if you have one or more of the following: A family member who has or had skin cancer Pale skin that burns easily More than a few unusual-looking moles A history of spending lots of time in the sun A dermatologist will check your skin.


Question: What causes nodular melanomas?

Answer: Nodular melanoma is a type of skin cancer. It's a dangerous form of melanoma that grows quickly. One main cause is the UV light from the daylight and tanning beds. Their rays can harm the skin's DNA. Although it's less common, they can also develop on parts of your body that aren't exposed to the sun. When the DNA in skin cells become damaged, new cells can grow out of control. This can lead to melanoma. Experts aren't exactly sure what causes this DNA damage and how it brings on cancer. It's probably due to a mix of your genes, lifestyle habits, and UV exposure. Melanomas develop in the cells that give your skin its color. Most of the time, they spread slowly in your skin's top layer. But in nodular melanoma, the cancer grows downward. It can get into tissues, bones, and lymph nodes within weeks or months. That's when the cancer is harder to treat.


Question: What is the treatment for pleurisy?

Answer: In order to treat your pleurisy the right way, your doctor first must find out what's causing it: If it's bacteria, antibiotics can make you better. If it's a fungus, he'll likely prescribe an antifungal drug. If it's a virus, you'll improve without the help of drugs.


Question: What causes pleurisy?

Answer: Bacterial infections such as pneumonia often cause pleurisy. It can also be caused by a virus such as the flu, or by a fungus. Some other things that can cause pleurisy to strike are: Lung cancer A blood clot in the lung Other types of cancer that affect the lungs or pleura An autoimmune disease, such as lupus or rheumatoid arthritis The chest pain that's due to pleurisy has telltale signs that often make it easy for your doctor to know that you have it.


Question: What are the symptoms of pleurisy?

Answer: Some other things that can cause pleurisy to strike are: Lung cancer A blood clot in the lung Other types of cancer that affect the lungs or pleura An autoimmune disease, such as lupus or rheumatoid arthritis The chest pain that's due to pleurisy has telltale signs that often make it easy for your doctor to know that you have it. You're likely to notice these things: A sharp, stabbing pain causes you to take small, shallow breaths, because it's worse when you try to breathe deeply. Pain is spreading to your shoulder or back. You're coughing. You have a fever and chills. You're losing weight without trying to.


Question: What tests are used to diagnose pleurisy?

Answer: Your doctor will want you to describe the type of pain you feel when you breathe or cough, and he'll ask whether it gets better or worse as the day goes on. He'll listen to your lungs with a stethoscope to see if they're making any strange noises. ( Doctors often can hear the pleura rubbing against each other.) You may also need to have tests done, such as: Imaging. If your doctor wants to rule out other problems besides pleurisy, he may send you for an X-ray, a CT scan, or even an ultrasound. These images can show if it's pleurisy that's causing your pain. Blood tests. These may suggest whether an infection is the culprit. It may also reveal if you have an autoimmune disease like lupus, or another problem. EKG. An electrocardiogram of your heart might show that your chest pain is caused by a heart problem, not pleurisy.


Question: What can lead to pleurisy?

Answer: Most of the time, it happens because of an infection. If your doctor treats your infection, that can make the pleurisy -- and the pain -- go away.


Question: What can help with the treatment for pleurisy?

Answer: Painkillers can help to curb the pain that you feel while you're getting better. If coughing hurts too much, your doctor might prescribe a drug (codeine) that can reduce the amount that you cough. You may feel better if you lie on the side that's causing you pain. As the pain starts to go away, try to breathe more deeply and cough up any phlegm that you have. You'll get better more quickly.


Question: How is fluid removed in those with pleurisy?

Answer: Some people with pleurisy have too much fluid built up between their two layers of pleura. Your doctor may need to remove some of the fluid. He may insert a thin needle into the space between your pleura to do this.


Question: What happens in pleurisy?

Answer: When the pleura are swollen and inflamed, they rub against each other in a very painful way each time that your lungs expand as you take a breath. When you inhale deeply, cough, sneeze or laugh, you'll likely feel a sharp, stabbing pain in the area of this inflammation.


Question: What should I know about pleurisy?

Answer: It affects a part of your body you may not have heard of: your pleura. !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } Your lungs are wrapped in a thin layer of tissue called pleura. They fit snugly within your chest, which is lined with another thin layer of pleura. These layers keep your bare lungs from rubbing up against the wall of your chest cavity every time that you breathe in. There's a bit of fluid within the very narrow space between the two layers of pleura to keep everything moving smoothly. When you're healthy, you never notice your pleura at work. An electrocardiogram of your heart might show that your chest pain is caused by a heart problem, not pleurisy.


Question: What does Duane syndrome (DS) affect?

Answer: Most of the time, only one eye is affected -- usually the left one. But 20% of people have trouble with both eyes. Women are slightly more likely to have DS than men.


Question: Is there a cure for Duane syndrome (DS)?

Answer: But your doctor can do things to help your eyes line up when you're looking straight ahead and to protect your vision. Prescription glasses or contact lenses can also help.


Question: How do you get Duane syndrome (DS)?

Answer: It happens when the nerves that control the eye muscles don't grow normally during pregnancy or are missing. As a result, some muscles stretch when they should tighten or stay loose when they need to squeeze. DS doesn't cause blindness and doesn't usually lead to other health issues. In very rare cases, it has been linked to problems with bones, eyes, ears, kidneys, and the nervous system.


Question: What is Duane syndrome (DS)?

Answer: Duane syndrome ( DS) is a rare eye disorder some people are born with. The muscles and nerves around your eye don't work well together, and that keeps it from moving as it should. The disorder is also known as Duane's syndrome, Duane retraction syndrome, or Stilling- Turk syndrome.


Question: How is Duane syndrome (DS) diagnosed?

Answer: Because DS has clear symptoms, most people are diagnosed before age 10. The exam usually includes a close look at your eye along with a vision test and measurements of how far your eye can move. The doctor also may want to do a hearing test and examine your spine, the roof of your mouth, and your hands.


Question: Can you get Duane syndrome (DS) during pregnancy?

Answer: It happens when the nerves that control the eye muscles don't grow normally during pregnancy or are missing. This is when a baby's eye nerves and muscles start to develop.


Question: How can you tell if you have  Duane syndrome (DS)?

Answer: Most of the time, only one eye is affected -- usually the left one. There are three types of DS: Type 1: People with this form aren't able to move their affected eye out toward their ear. This is the most common kind of DS. It might happen all the time or just sometimes. Upshoot or downshoot: The affected eye sometimes looks up or down. Some people with DS also have double vision and headaches.


Question: What causes Duane syndrome (DS)?

Answer: Most of the time, only one eye is affected -- usually the left one. But it isn't clear what actually causes DS.


Question: What medicines can you take for Gaucher disease?

Answer: Most adults and kids with type 1 or type 3 Gaucher disease can get this kind of treatment. Antidepressants, anti-anxiety drugs, and muscle relaxers may also help with pain.


Question: What are the treatments for Gaucher disease?

Answer: There are a lot of ways to ease the symptoms of Gaucher disease. If you or your child has mild symptoms, it's possible you won't need any treatments at all. Most adults and kids with type 1 or type 3 Gaucher disease can get this kind of treatment. It replaces or adds to enzymes that your liver or spleen can't make anymore. If you're an adult with type 1 Gaucher, you can take pills that cut down on fats that can build up in your liver, spleen, or bone marrow.


Question: what are treatments for Gaucher disease if drugs haven't helped?

Answer: Most adults and kids with type 1 or type 3 Gaucher disease can get this kind of treatment. A blood transfusion can boost your red blood cell count so you feel better.


Question: What lifestyle changes may help with Gaucher disease?

Answer: Most adults and kids with type 1 or type 3 Gaucher disease can get this kind of treatment. It may not work well for people who metabolize -- or break down -- the drug too quickly. Both kids and adults with Gaucher should eat a healthy diet with foods rich in vitamin D and calcium to help keep bones strong, and get regular exercise. Vitamin D, calcium, or other supplements may help ease Gaucher symptoms too. Your doctor may recommend them if he thinks you're not getting enough in your diet.


Question: What are other signs of death?

Answer: They could have: Different sleep-wake patterns Little appetite and thirst Fewer and smaller bowel movements and less pee More pain Changes in blood pressure, breathing, and heart rate Body temperature ups and downs that may leave their skin cool, warm, moist, or pale Congested breathing from the buildup in the back of their throat Confusion or seem to be in a daze Breathing trouble can be distressing for family members, but often it isn't painful and can be managed. Pain can be treated, too. But your loved one may have a hard time taking medicine by mouth. Hallucinations and visions, especially of long-gone loved ones, can be comforting. If seeing and talking to someone who isn't there makes the person who's dying happier, you don't need to try to convince them that they aren't real. It may upset them and make them argue and fight with you.


Question: What are the signs of death within days or hours?

Answer: When death is within days or hours, your loved one may: Not want food or drink Stop peeing and having bowel movements Grimace, groan, or scowl from pain You may notice their: Eyes tear or glaze over Pulse and heartbeat are irregular or hard to feel or hear Body temperature drops Skin on their knees, feet, and hands turns a mottled bluish-purple (often in the last 24 hours) Breathing is interrupted by gasping and slows until it stops entirely If they're not already unconscious, your loved one may drift in and out. But they probably can still hear and feel.


Question: Where can you get help and support when your loved one is dying?

Answer: Caregivers, families, and friends of someone who is dying can turn to: Family Caregiver Alliance Hospice Foundation of America National Caregivers Library National Hospice and Palliative Care Organization


Question: When should you switch to hospice care for your loved one?

Answer: When your loved one's health care team recognizes that he or she is likely within 6 months of dying, they may recommend switching to hospice, a more specialized care for people with a terminal illness who are expected to die. Your loved one will still get treatment for pain relief and comfort, but hospice also offers emotional and spiritual support for them as well as you and close family.


Question: What are the signs one to two weeks before death?

Answer: 1 to 3 months before death, your loved one is likely to: Sleep or doze more Eat and drink less Withdraw from people and stop doing things they used to enjoy Talk less (but if they're a child, more) 1 to 2 weeks before death, the person may feel tired and drained all the time, so much that they don't leave their bed. They could have: Different sleep-wake patterns Little appetite and thirst Fewer and smaller bowel movements and less pee More pain Changes in blood pressure, breathing, and heart rate Body temperature ups and downs that may leave their skin cool, warm, moist, or pale Congested breathing from the buildup in the back of their throat Confusion or seem to be in a daze Breathing trouble can be distressing for family members, but often it isn't painful and can be managed.


Question: What are the signs one to three months before death?

Answer: 1 to 3 months before death, your loved one is likely to: Sleep or doze more Eat and drink less Withdraw from people and stop doing things they used to enjoy Talk less (but if they're a child, more) 1 to 2 weeks before death, the person may feel tired and drained all the time, so much that they don't leave their bed.


Question: What should you do in the last days or hours of death of your loved one?

Answer: It may upset them and make them argue and fight with you. When death is within days or hours, your loved one may: Not want food or drink Stop peeing and having bowel movements Grimace, groan, or scowl from pain You may notice their: Eyes tear or glaze over Pulse and heartbeat are irregular or hard to feel or hear Body temperature drops Skin on their knees, feet, and hands turns a mottled bluish-purple (often in the last 24 hours) Breathing is interrupted by gasping and slows until it stops entirely If they're not already unconscious, your loved one may drift in and out. Stay with them. Sometimes medication helps. The room should be well lit, but not bright. Make it as quiet and peaceful as possible. Constantly assure them that you're there. Ironically, a loved one may also become clear-headed in their final hours.


Question: When should you get medical help for a black eye?

Answer: Call a health care provider immediately if: The person's vision is blurred, double, or lost in either eye. The person is in severe pain. You suspect a serious eye injury. There is drainage or bleeding on the white part of the eye or drainage from the eye. The eyeball or pupil looks abnormal. Skin around the eye is split or there is a cut on the eyelid.


Question: What is the follow-up for a black eye?

Answer: Continue icing the area several times a day for 1 or 2 days. After 1 or 2 days, apply warm compresses to the bruised area instead. Depending on the injury, the provider may prescribe eye drops and recommend follow up with an eye doctor.


Question: How should I treat my black eye?

Answer: Don't press on the eye. For pain, give acetaminophen ( Tylenol). Don't give aspirin or ibuprofen ( Advil, Motrin), because they can increase bleeding.