Question: Who should get tested for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)?

Answer: It's the virus that causes AIDS, acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Clinics that do HIV tests keep your results secret. Some may even do tests anonymously, without ever taking your name. You can also buy test kits at the drugstore and take the test at home. If you're at high risk, because you use needles for drugs or have multiple sex partners, for example, you should get tested at least once a year. If you've been stuck by a needle or been in contact with a lot of blood from a person you aren't sure is negative for HIV, you should get tested, too.


Question: How can you protect yourself from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)?+F157

Answer: It's the virus that causes AIDS, acquired immune deficiency syndrome. You can get HIV when an infected person's body fluids -- including blood, semen, fluids from the vagina, or breast milk -- get into your blood. They could get HIV after being poked with needles that have HIV-infected blood or after infected blood gets on an open cut or splashes into their eyes or inside their nose. The only way to know if you have HIV is to take an HIV test. If you're at high risk, because you use needles for drugs or have multiple sex partners, for example, you should get tested at least once a year. If you don't, the virus can change into a strain that is harder to treat.


Question: How can you get human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)?

Answer: It's the virus that causes AIDS, acquired immune deficiency syndrome. You can get HIV when an infected person's body fluids -- including blood, semen, fluids from the vagina, or breast milk -- get into your blood. People commonly get HIV from: Having unprotected sex with an infected person Sharing a needle to take drugs Dirty needles used for a tattoo or in body piercing Mothers with HIV also can give the virus to their babies, before or when they're born or through breastfeeding.


Question: What should you do if you have side effects while taking antiretroviral (ARV) in your treatment for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)?

Answer: This is called ART, for antiretroviral therapy, and each medicine is an ARV, or antiretroviral. Although the great majority of persons tolerate ARVs very well, these medicines can cause side effects, including: Nausea, upset stomach Skin rash or yellowing skin Fatigue Strange dreams or insomnia Losing or gaining body fat Lidney or liver problems Brittle bones If you develop these or other symptoms while taking ARVs, you should contact your doctor before stopping the drugs. There may be ways to treat the symptoms rather than having to stop the life-saving ARV drugs.


Question: How will you know if you have human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)?

Answer: It's the virus that causes AIDS, acquired immune deficiency syndrome. The best way to protect yourself from HIV is to avoid activities that put you at risk. Most look for antibodies that fight the virus or traces of the virus itself in your blood, but you can also check urine or fluid from your mouth (not saliva). A positive test means that there were traces of HIV; a negative test means that no signs of HIV were found. Some kinds of tests can give a result in 20-30 minutes. Most tests can't detect HIV right after infection, because it takes usually takes 2-8 weeks for your body to make antibodies or for enough virus to grow inside you. It may take up to 6 months before you'll see a positive result, which means an early test could be negative even though you're infected.


Question: How can treatments help you deal with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)?

Answer: The only way to know if you have HIV is to take an HIV test. Today, a variety of treatments can significantly slow down, and sometimes stop altogether, the progress of HIV infection. After you're diagnosed, your doctor will start you on a treatment plan with different types of anti- HIV drugs. This is called ART, for antiretroviral therapy, and each medicine is an ARV, or antiretroviral.


Question: How long is the MRI exam for prostate cancer?

Answer: In most cases, the procedure takes 45 to 60 minutes, during which several dozen images may be taken.


Question: What is an MRI for prostate cancer?

Answer: Instead, MRI uses a large magnet, radio waves, and a computer to produce these images. In prostate cancer patients, MRI may be used to examine the prostate and nearby lymph nodes to distinguish between benign (noncancerous) and malignant (cancerous) areas. Certain MRI exams require an injection of a dye (contrast material).


Question: What are the most common ways that HIV spreads?

Answer: You can get HIV from direct contact with: Blood Semen Vaginal fluid Breast milk Most commonly, the virus is passed from person to person by: Sex Sharing needles Mother-to-baby infection during pregnancy People with a new HIV infection often say they feel like they have the flu.


Question: What are early symptoms of HIV infection?

Answer: You can get HIV from direct contact with: Blood Semen Vaginal fluid Breast milk Most commonly, the virus is passed from person to person by: Sex Sharing needles Mother-to-baby infection during pregnancy People with a new HIV infection often say they feel like they have the flu. Early symptoms include: Fever Headaches Fatigue Swollen lymph nodes in the neck and groin area If you have such symptoms and you might have been recently exposed to HIV, you should see a doctor to get tested for HIV.


Question: What are the treatments for HIV?

Answer: Warning signs that you may have AIDS include: Sudden weight loss Night sweats Fever that keeps coming back Feeling very tired for no reason Diarrhea that lasts for more than a week Sores in your mouth, in your anal area, or on your genitals Pneumonia Blotches on your skin or inside your mouth, nose, or eyelids Memory loss Depression More than 25 drugs are approved to treat HIV. You may hear them called âantiretroviral drugs.â Your doctor will prescribe a combination of these medications as antiretroviral therapy, or ART. The medicines you take will help keep the virus from making copies of itself. That will keep you healthy and also lower your risk of spreading HIV to others. The goal of ART is to lower your viral load. It won't cure your HIV, but with the right medicine, the amount of the virus in your blood may drop below a detectable level and stay that way for a long time.


Question: What is the difference between HIV and AIDS?

Answer: Not everyone who has HIV will get AIDS, but without treatment with antriretroviral drugs the infection will progress to AIDS. That usually happens in 10-15 years, according to the World Health Organization. When you have HIV, your doctor will watch the amount of the virus in your system. The amount of time it takes for HIV to become AIDS is different for everyone.


Question: What are warnings signs that you may have AIDS?

Answer: HIV is a virus. Warning signs that you may have AIDS include: Sudden weight loss Night sweats Fever that keeps coming back Feeling very tired for no reason Diarrhea that lasts for more than a week Sores in your mouth, in your anal area, or on your genitals Pneumonia Blotches on your skin or inside your mouth, nose, or eyelids Memory loss Depression More than 25 drugs are approved to treat HIV.


Question: Why are my glands swollen?

Answer: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } Swollen glands are a sign that your body is fighting off an infection or an illness. Most of the time, they return to normal size when their job is done. These glands are your lymph nodes. You have them throughout your body. But there are clusters of them in places like your neck, under your arm and in the crease between your thigh and your torso (where your leg begins). You can sometimes feel these clusters as little bumps, especially if they're swollen. They're part of your lymphatic system. Along with your spleen, tonsils, and adenoids, they help protect you from harmful germs.


Question: What are the main side effects of 5-aminosalicylic acid drugs for Crohn's disease?

Answer: There are two main 5- ASA drugs used in Crohn's: Mesalamine ( Apriso, Asacol, Delzicol, Lialda, Pentasa) Sulfasalazine ( Azulfidine) The main side effects are: Diarrhea Nausea Stomachache Headache Skin rash Sulfasalazine can cut sperm counts in men, and it may lower your supply of infection-fighting white blood cells. If you're allergic to sulfa drugs, you may have a reaction to sulfasalazine and shouldn't take it.


Question: What are the main goals if you have Crohn's disease?

Answer: When you have Crohn's disease, you want to prevent flare-ups and keep them away for good.


Question: What are the side effects of taking steroid drugs for Crohn's disease?

Answer: When you take steroids, you might notice one or more of these side effects: Acne Hair growth on your face Night sweats Swelling of the face (called "moon face") Trouble sleeping Weight gain More serious side effects include: Cataracts Diabetes Glaucoma High blood pressure Weakened bones and fractures Because steroids weaken your immune system, they can make you more likely to get an infection. Children who take them for a long time may grow more slowly than normal.


Question: What are some side effects of steroids?

Answer: When you take steroids, you might notice one or more of these side effects: Acne Hair growth on your face Night sweats Swelling of the face (called "moon face") Trouble sleeping Weight gain More serious side effects include: Cataracts Diabetes Glaucoma High blood pressure Weakened bones and fractures Because steroids weaken your immune system, they can make you more likely to get an infection.


Question: What are the side effects of 5-ASA drugs?

Answer: There are two main 5- ASA drugs used in Crohn's: Mesalamine ( Apriso, Asacol, Delzicol, Lialda, Pentasa) Sulfasalazine ( Azulfidine) The main side effects are: Diarrhea Nausea Stomachache Headache Skin rash Sulfasalazine can cut sperm counts in men, and it may lower your supply of infection-fighting white blood cells. If you're allergic to sulfa drugs, you may have a reaction to sulfasalazine and shouldn't take it.


Question: Do 5-ASA drugs work for Crohn's disease?

Answer: There's some question about how effective these drugs are for Crohn's. Your doctor may suggest these if you have mild Crohn's disease in your large intestine (also called the colon). Once your symptoms get better, you may continue to take them to prevent flare-ups.


Question: Can steroids help Crohn's disease?

Answer: These are one of the oldest treatments for Crohn's disease. Your doctor may suggest one: If your case is mild to moderate If other drugs aren't helping If your symptoms are severe right away Your doctor may call them corticosteroids, but most people just call them steroids. Once your symptoms get better, you may continue to take them to prevent flare-ups.


Question: What are types of steroids to take for Crohn's disease?

Answer: Steroid drugs you take by mouth include: Budesonide ( Entocort EC) Prednisone ( Prednisone Intensol, Rayos) Budesonide lowers inflammation only in the intestine when you take it as a capsule. Because it's designed to dissolve in the small intestine, it may cause fewer side effects than other steroids. If your Crohn's disease is severe, or it's in many parts of your intestines, you may need a higher dose through an IV. There's some question about how effective these drugs are for Crohn's.


Question: Are there drugs to help ease Crohn's disease flare ups?

Answer: Inflammation in your intestines causes symptoms like belly pain and diarrhea. Anti-inflammatory drugs ease them and may even keep them away for years. Although they aren't a cure, they can help you feel much better. Your doctor will help you decide which one is best for you. Once your symptoms get better, you may continue to take them to prevent flare-ups.


Question: Is vasculitis serious?

Answer: Vasculitis can be very serious. In an extreme situation, when a segment of a blood vessel becomes weakened, it may then stretch and bulge (called an aneurysm). The wall of the blood vessel can become so weak that it ruptures and bleeds, possibly causing death. Fortunately, this is a very rare event. If a blood vessel becomes inflamed and narrowed, the blood supply to the area of the body it serves may be partially or completely blocked. If alternate blood vessels (called collateral blood vessels) are not available in sufficient quantity to carry the blood to such sites, the tissue supplied by the affected vessels will die. Because vasculitis can occur in any part of the body, any tissue or organ can be affected.


Question: What is the treatment for vasculitis?

Answer: Treatment of vasculitis depends entirely upon diagnosis and the affected organs. When vasculitis is the result of an allergic reaction, it may go away on its own and not require treatment. In other instances, when critical organs such as the lungs, brain, or kidneys are involved, aggressive and timely treatment is necessary.


Question: How serious is vasculitis?

Answer: Vasculitis can be very serious. In an extreme situation, when a segment of a blood vessel becomes weakened, it may then stretch and bulge (called an aneurysm). The wall of the blood vessel can become so weak that it ruptures and bleeds, possibly causing death. Fortunately, this is a very rare event. If a blood vessel becomes inflamed and narrowed, the blood supply to the area of the body it serves may be partially or completely blocked. If alternate blood vessels (called collateral blood vessels) are not available in sufficient quantity to carry the blood to such sites, the tissue supplied by the affected vessels will die. Because vasculitis can occur in any part of the body, any tissue or organ can be affected.


Question: What are the different types of vasculitis?

Answer: Some of the many forms of vasculitis may be restricted to particular organs. Examples include vasculitis that affects only the skin, eye, brain, or certain internal organs. There are also types of vasculitis that may affect many organ systems at the same time. Some of these generalized forms may be quite mild and may not require treatment. Others may be severe, affecting critical organs.


Question: What are the different forms of vasculitis?

Answer: Some of the many forms of vasculitis may be restricted to particular organs. Examples include vasculitis that affects only the skin, eye, brain, or certain internal organs. There are also types of vasculitis that may affect many organ systems at the same time. Some of these generalized forms may be quite mild and may not require treatment. Others may be severe, affecting critical organs.


Question: What causes vasculitis?

Answer: In many cases, the cause of vasculitis is unknown. In a few cases, however, the origins may be traced to recent or ongoing infections, such as those caused by certain viruses. Occasionally, an allergic reaction to a medication may trigger vasculitis.


Question: Are corticosteroids used to treat vasculitis?

Answer: Treatment generally consists of corticosteroid medications, or simply "steroids." Chemotherapy drugs (such as those used to treat cancer) are also used, but in doses usually lower than people with cancer may receive. The goal of this type of therapy is to suppress the abnormal immune response that has led to blood vessel damage. Other medications may include methotrexate or cyclophosphamide ( Cytoxin) and a biologic drug called tocilizumab ( Actemra). Tocilizumab is given as an injection under the skin to lower the dose of steroids that a person needs. This medicine may be used along with steroids.


Question: What people does vasculitis affect?

Answer: There are also types of vasculitis that may affect many organ systems at the same time.


Question: What does treatment of vasculitis consist of?

Answer: Treatment generally consists of corticosteroid medications, or simply "steroids." Chemotherapy drugs (such as those used to treat cancer) are also used, but in doses usually lower than people with cancer may receive. The goal of this type of therapy is to suppress the abnormal immune response that has led to blood vessel damage. Other medications may include methotrexate or cyclophosphamide ( Cytoxin) and a biologic drug called tocilizumab ( Actemra). Tocilizumab is given as an injection under the skin to lower the dose of steroids that a person needs. This medicine may be used along with steroids.


Question: Do infections cause vasculitis?

Answer: Vasculitis also may be related to other diseases of the immune system that the person has had for months or years. For example, it could be a complication of rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, or SjÃ¶gren's syndrome. If alternate blood vessels (called collateral blood vessels) are not available in sufficient quantity to carry the blood to such sites, the tissue supplied by the affected vessels will die.


Question: What are the symptoms of vasculitis?

Answer: In many cases, the cause of vasculitis is unknown. Because vasculitis can occur in any part of the body, any tissue or organ can be affected. Vasculitis in the brain may cause a stroke, or in the heart, may result in a heart attack. Sometimes the symptoms may be as general as fever, loss of appetite, weight loss, and loss of energy. If you suffer any unusual symptoms, see your doctor. Tocilizumab is given as an injection under the skin to lower the dose of steroids that a person needs.


Question: How does organ disease cause cats to drool and how can I fix this?

Answer: Organ disease: As pets age, they're more likely to get sick. Liver and kidney diseases can cause drooling, too. Vets suggest annual checkups to diagnose and treat such diseases early.


Question: How does heatstroke cause cats to drool and how can I fix this?

Answer: Heatstroke: Pets with flat faces, such as Persian cats, are more likely to have heatstroke. It isn’t as common in cats as it is in other animals, though. Still, if your cat's had too much sun or not enough water, that's dangerous for her. Always have fresh, clean water available. Make sure your cat has shady places to cool off, too. On very hot days, keep her indoors, limit her exercise, and never leave her in a parked car. Call your vet right way if you suspect heatstroke.


Question: How do poisonous plants cause cats to drool and how can I fix this?

Answer: Poisonous plants: Common plants like tulips, azaleas, and chrysanthemums can make your cat drool, as well as make her sick, so don't let your feline friend eat them. For a list of poisonous plants, check with the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals ( ASPCA).


Question: How do upper respiratory infections cause cats to drool and how can I fix this?

Answer: Upper respiratory infections: Drooling can signal an infection of the nose, throat, or sinuses. Cats that live in homes or shelters with other pets have a higher risk. Stress is another factor. Only your vet should treat an infection. But you can take steps to protect your cat from getting one: Keep her up to date on vaccines, indoors, and away from other pets, and wash your hands between handling different animals. Only you know your cat’s normal behavior. If it changes for more than a day, she seems stressed, or she isn't eating and playing as usual, let your vet know.


Question: Why do mouth disease and tooth decay cause cats to drool and how can I fix this?

Answer: To check, pull her lip back toward her ear. Are they brown? Are the gums red, swollen, or even bleeding? Try a professional cleaning first, and then brush her teeth daily. Have your vet check for gingivitis, mouth ulcers, and tumors. If this happens when you put her in teh car to take her to the vet, try putting her in her carrier in the back seat without driving anywhere.


Question: How does motion sickness cause cats to drool and how can I fix this?

Answer: Stress: Open-mouth panting and breathing are signs of anxiety. If this happens when you put her in teh car to take her to the vet, try putting her in her carrier in the back seat without driving anywhere. Then, slowly work up to backing out of the driveway and driving around the block. Gradually repeat the routine as needed to ease her stress. You can also drape a breathable cloth over the carrier before heading out, so she doesn’t panic.


Question: What are the symptoms of conversion disorder?

Answer: Conversion disorder symptoms most commonly look like issues involving your nervous system (brain, spinal cord, or other nerves). These include: Uncontrollable movements Tunnel vision or blindness Loss of smell or speech Numbness or paralysis There's no test to diagnose conversion disorder.


Question: What are the treatments for conversion disorder?

Answer: Psychotherapy treatments are most often used, including: Occupational or physical therapy Counseling Hypnosis Antidepressants or antipsychotic drugs Symptoms can last from a few days to several weeks.


Question: What are the causes of conversion disorder?

Answer: While the specific cause of conversion disorder is still being studied, researchers think it develops as a way for your brain to deal with emotional strife. It's almost always triggered by stressful situations and other mental disorders. And the symptoms usually develop suddenly.


Question: What steps can help prevent conversion disorder?

Answer: They cause you stress in social and work settings. There is no specific medication to treat conversion disorder. If you're already living with a mental health disorder, see your doctor regularly and take your recommended medications to help with prevention, as well.


Question: What two parts are in a pacemaker?

Answer: The pacemaker has two parts: the leads and a pulse generator. The pulse generator houses the battery and a tiny computer, and resides just under the skin of the chest. The leads are wires that are threaded through the veins into the heart and implanted into the heart muscle. They send impulses from the pulse generator to the heart muscle, as well as sense the heart's electrical activity. Each impulse causes the heart to contract. The pacemaker may have one to three leads, depending on the type of pacemaker needed to treat your heart problem.


Question: What will the temporary ID card of your pacemaker tell you?

Answer: Call your doctor if you notice: Increased drainage, bleeding, or oozing from the insertion site Increased opening of the incision Redness around the site Warmth along the site Increased body temperature (fever or chills) Your pacemaker settings will be checked before you leave the hospital. You will receive a temporary ID card that tells you: The type of pacemaker and leads you have. The date of the pacemaker implant. The name of the doctor who implanted the pacemaker. Within three months, you will receive a permanent card from the pacemaker company. Carry this card with you at all times in case you need medical attention at another hospital.


Question: What are the different types of pacemakers?

Answer: There are different types of pacemakers: Single-chamber pacemakers use one lead in the upper chamber (atria) or lower chamber (ventricles) of the right side of the heart. Dual-chamber pacemakers use one lead in the right atrium and one lead in the right ventricle of your heart. Biventricular pacemakers use three leads: one placed in the right atrium, one placed in the right ventricle, and one placed in the left ventricle (via the coronary sinus vein).


Question: What should I do after the pacemaker procedure?

Answer: Do not lift objects that weigh more than 10 pounds. Do not hold your arm above shoulder level for three weeks. Avoid activities that require pushing or pulling heavy objects, such as shoveling the snow or mowing the lawn. Stop any activity before you become overtired. Avoid golfing, tennis, and swimming for 6 weeks after the procedure. Try to walk as much as possible for exercise. Ask your doctor when you can resume more strenuous activities. Your doctor will tell you when you can go back to work, usually within a week after you go home. If you have the flexibility at your job, ease back to your regular works schedule.


Question: What happens after the pacemaker procedure?

Answer: You may be admitted to the hospital overnight. The nurses will monitor your heart rate and rhythm.


Question: How long will my pacemaker last?

Answer: Pacemakers may last five to 10 years and sometimes longer, depending on how often they are used. When the battery becomes low, it will need to be changed.


Question: What happens during the pacemaker procedure?

Answer: The endocardial pacemaker implant takes about one to five hours to perform. You will lie on a bed and the nurse will start an intravenous line ( IV) into your arm or hand. This is so you may receive medications and fluids during the procedure. You will be given a medication through your IV to relax you and make you drowsy, but it will not put you to sleep. The nurse will connect you to several monitors. The monitors allow the doctor and nurse to check your heart rhythm, blood pressure, and other measurements during the pacemaker implant. Your left or right side of your chest will be shaved and cleansed with a special soap. Sterile drapes are used to cover you from your neck to your feet. A strap will be placed across your waist and arms to prevent your hands from coming in contact with the sterile field. The doctor will numb your skin by injecting a local numbing medication. You will feel a pinching or burning feeling at first. Then, it will become numb. Once this occurs, an incision will be made to insert the pacemaker and leads. You may feel a pulling as the doctor makes a pocket in the tissue under your skin for the pacemaker. You should not feel pain. If you do, tell your nurse. After the pocket is made, the doctor will insert the leads into a vein and guide them into position using the X-ray machine. After the leads are in place, their function is tested to make sure they can increase your heart rate. This is called "pacing" and involves delivering small amounts of energy through the leads into the heart muscle. This causes the heart to contract. When your heart rate increases, you may feel your heart is racing or beating faster. It is very important to tell your doctor or nurse any symptoms you feel. Any pain should be reported immediately. After the leads are tested the doctor will connect them to your pacemaker. Your doctor will determine the rate of your pacemaker and other settings. The final pacemaker settings are done after the implant using a special device called a programmer.


Question: How often will I need to see my doctor?

Answer: A complete pacemaker check should be done six weeks after your pacemaker is implanted. This follow-up appointment is critical, because adjustments will be made that will prolong the life of your pacemaker. Then your pacemaker should be checked every three months on the telephone to evaluate battery function. Your nurse will explain how to check your pacemaker using the telephone transmitter. Once or twice a year you will need a more complete exam. If you have a biventricular pacemaker, you may need to visit the doctor's office or hospital more frequently to make sure your device is working properly and the settings do not need to be adjusted.


Question: Should I avoid certain electrical devices with a pacemaker?

Answer: Electric blankets, heating pads, and microwave ovens can be used and will not interfere with the function of your pacemaker. Cell phones should not be placed directly against the chest or on the same side as your pacemaker. You will need to avoid strong electric or magnetic fields, such as some industrial equipment; ham radios; high intensity radio waves (found near large electrical generators, power plants, or radiofrequency transmission towers); and arc resistance welders. Do not undergo any tests that require magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI). When going through airport security, show your pacemaker card without going through the screening machine because the pacemaker will set off the security alarms. Your doctor or nurse can provide more information about what types of equipment may interfere with your pacemaker. If you have concerns about your job or activities, ask your doctor.


Question: What is pacemaker?

Answer: The normal, healthy heart has its own pacemaker that regulates the rate that the heart beats. However, some hearts don't beat regularly. A pacemaker can sometimes correct the problem. A pacemaker is a small device that sends electrical impulses to the heart muscle to maintain a suitable heart rate and rhythm. A pacemaker may also be used to treat fainting spells (syncope), congestive heart failure, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Pacemakers are implanted just under the skin of the chest during a minor surgical procedure.


Question: What else are pacemakers used to treat besides heart rate?

Answer: A pacemaker may also be used to treat fainting spells (syncope), congestive heart failure, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The leads are wires that are threaded through the veins into the heart and implanted into the heart muscle. This is called "pacing" and involves delivering small amounts of energy through the leads into the heart muscle.


Question: When should you call your doctor about the pacemaker procedure?

Answer: You will be given a medication through your IV to relax you and make you drowsy, but it will not put you to sleep. Keep your wound clean and dry. Look at your wound every day to make sure it is healing. Call your doctor if you notice: Increased drainage, bleeding, or oozing from the insertion site Increased opening of the incision Redness around the site Warmth along the site Increased body temperature (fever or chills) Your pacemaker settings will be checked before you leave the hospital.


Question: How is the type of pacemaker and heart rate chosen?

Answer: The pacemaker may have one to three leads, depending on the type of pacemaker needed to treat your heart problem. The doctor programs the minimum heart rate. When your heart rate drops below that set rate, your pacemaker generates (fires) an electrical impulse that passes through the lead to the heart muscle. This causes the heart muscle to contract, creating a heartbeat.


Question: How are pacemakers implanted with the epicardial approach?

Answer: Epicardial approach. This technique is more commonly used in children than adults. General anesthesia is given to put you to sleep. The surgeon attaches the lead tip to the heart muscle, while the other end of the lead (attached to the pulse generator) is placed in a pocket created under the skin in the abdomen. Although recovery with the epicardial approach is longer than that of the transvenous approach, minimally invasive techniques have enabled shorter hospital stays and quicker recovery times. The doctor will determine, which pacemaker implant method is best for you. Once this occurs, an incision will be made to insert the pacemaker and leads.


Question: How are pacemakers implanted with the endocardial approach?

Answer: Pacemakers are implanted two ways: Endocardial approach. An incision is made in the chest where the leads and pacemaker are inserted. The lead(s) is inserted through the incision and into a vein, then guided to the heart with the aid of the x-ray machine. The lead tip attaches to the heart muscle, while the other end of the lead (attached to the pulse generator) is placed in a pocket created under the skin in the upper chest. The doctor will numb your skin by injecting a local numbing medication.


Question: What are some tips and precautions when doing exercises to improve your posture?

Answer: Pull your abdominal muscles in and up toward your spine as you exercise. Work with slow, controlled movements, breathing evenly, without holding your breath. Tailor your number of repetitions and sets to your current level of core fitness. If you have mild back pain, core-strengthening exercises may improve posture, ease symptoms, and prevent future pain. If you have severe back pain or injury, are out of shape, or have any medical problems, talk to your doctor before you start any exercise program. Some exercises may not be recommended. Stop doing any activity that causes pain or makes pain worse.


Question: What can you do to improve your posture?

Answer: Some of these muscles move your torso by flexing, extending, or rotating your spine. Others stabilize your pelvis and spine in a natural, neutral position. Old-style sit-ups used only a few of these muscles, often with jerky momentum. Today's yoga, Pilates, and core fitness programs target your entire core with slow, controlled movements to get the most out of your workout. Repeat five to 10 times, adding more as your core gets stronger Increase the Intensity: The closer your straight leg is to the floor, the harder the work for your core.


Question: What is the current solution for antibiotic resistance?

Answer: In 2015, the White House created a National Action Plan for Combatting Antibiotic Resistance. Its recommendations include: Scientists should step up the development of new antibiotics and vaccines as well as diagnostic tests to identify drug-resistant bacteria. Public health officials should monitor antibiotic resistance and track its spread. Doctors should help stop unnecessary antibiotic use and develop safer practices in hospitals and clinics. Farmers should stop giving animals antibiotics needed to treat diseases in people.


Question: How do bacteria become antibiotic resistant?

Answer: Some bacteria can naturally resist certain kinds of antibiotics. Others can become resistant if their genes change or they get drug-resistant genes from other bacteria. The longer and more often antibiotics are used, the less effective they are against those bacteria.


Question: How many infections are resistance to antibiotics?

Answer: Each year, an estimated 2 million people in the U. S. develop infections that are resistant to antibiotics. In some cases, these infections result in death.


Question: How can antibiotic resistance affect chronic diseases?

Answer: Resistance also makes it more difficult to care for people with chronic diseases. Some people need medical treatments like chemotherapy, surgery, or dialysis, and they sometimes take antibiotics to help reduce the risk of infection.


Question: What are the potential benefits of digital mammography?

Answer: More analysis. Because digital mammograms are stored electronically, they can be analyzed by computers as well as by radiologists. Easier second opinions. They can easily be sent electronically for analysis. More to see. The images can be manipulated for better clarity and visibility. Film mammogram can't. Lower average radiation dosage. Digital mammograms often take more views of each breast than the film kind -- but they use about 25% less radiation. That's because smaller areas of the breast are imaged in each view. Easier to store. The digital images stay on a computer.


Question: How common are digital mammograms?

Answer: Most mammogram facilities in the U. S. now have digital capabilities. But If you can't get the digital kind, that doesn't mean you should skip getting a film mammogram.


Question: How well do digital mammograms work?

Answer: The women were screened using both types of tests. Breast cancer was found in 335 of the women. The researchers determined that digital mammograms did a better job with detection for three groups of women: Under age 50 Had dense breasts Hadn't yet gone through menopause, or had been in menopause less than a year If you fall into one of these groups, talk with your doctor about having a digital mammogram.


Question: What are popular screening methods for breast cancer?

Answer: Breast cancer is the second most common cancer in women in the U. The images are checked for anything irregular, and doctors also look for changes from previous tests. The images were recorded on film for many years. But now digital mammograms can store and analyze the information using a computer. She then takes images of your breast from top to bottom and side to side.


Question: How common is breast cancer in the United States?

Answer: Breast cancer is the second most common cancer in women in the U. The images are checked for anything irregular, and doctors also look for changes from previous tests. Breast cancer was found in 335 of the women.


Question: What else should you know about orlistat (Xenical) as a prescription weight loss drug?

Answer: What else you should know: You should be on a low-fat diet (less than 30% of your daily calories from fat) before taking orlistat. Also, take a multivitamin at least 2 hours before or after taking orlistat, because the drug temporarily makes it harder for your body to absorb vitamins A, D, E, and K. Orlistat is the only drug of its kind that's approved in the U. S. All other prescription weight loss drugs curb your appetite, including the following.


Question: What are the side effects of Saxenda as a prescription weight loss drug?

Answer: Side effects: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, low blood pressure, and increased appetite. Serious side effects can include raised heart rate, pancreatitis, gallbladder disease, kidney problems, and suicidal thoughts.


Question: What else should you know about Belviq as a prescription weight loss drug?

Answer: What else you should know: If you don't lose 5% of your weight after 12 weeks of taking Contrave, your doctor may tell you to stop taking it, because it's unlikely to work for you, the FDA says.


Question: What are the side effect of Qsymia as a prescription weight loss drug?

Answer: Side effects: The most common side effects are tingling hands and feet, dizziness, altered sense of taste, insomnia, constipation, and dry mouth. Serious side effects include certain birth defects (cleft lip and cleft palate), faster heart rate, suicidal thoughts or actions, and eye problems that could lead to permanent vision loss if not treated.


Question: What are the side effects of orlistat (Xenical) as a prescription weight loss drug?

Answer: Side effects include abdominal cramping, passing gas, leaking oily stool, having more bowel movements, and not being able to control bowel movements. These side effects are generally mild and temporary.


Question: What prescription weight loss drugs are most common?

Answer: Here's what you should know about the most common prescription weight loss drugs: orlistat, Belviq, Contrave, Saxenda, phentermine, and Qsymia.


Question: What are the side effects of Contrave as a prescription weight loss drug?

Answer: Side effects: The most common side effects include nausea, constipation, headache, vomiting, dizziness, insomnia, and dry mouth. Contrave has a boxed warning about the increased risk of suicidal thoughts and behaviors associated with bupropion. The warning also notes that serious neuropsychiatric issues linked to bupropion have been reported. Contrave can cause seizures and must not be used in patients who have seizure disorders. The drug can also increase blood pressure and heart rate.


Question: What are the side effects of Belviq as a prescription weight loss drug?

Answer: Side effects: The most common side effects in people who don't have diabetes include headache, dizziness, nausea, fatigue, dry mouth, and constipation. The most common side effects in those who have diabetes are low blood sugar (hypoglycemia), headache, back pain, cough, and fatigue. People taking some depression medications with lorcaserin need to be monitored very closely for a rare but serious reaction that includes fever and confusion.


Question: What else should you know about Qsymia as a prescription weight loss drug?

Answer: What else you should know: If you don't lose at least 3% of your weight after 12 weeks on Qsymia, the FDA recommends that you stop taking it or that your doctor increase your dose for the next 12 weeks -- and if that doesn't work, you should gradually stop taking it.


Question: How does Belviq work as a prescription weight loss drug?

Answer: Approved for long-term use? How it works: Curbs your appetite.


Question: How does orlistat (Xenical) work as a prescription weight loss drug?

Answer: How it works: Blocks your body from absorbing about a third of the fat you eat. When a doctor prescribes orlistat, it's called Xenical. If you get it without a prescription, it's called Alli, which has half of Xenical's dose. Approved for long-term use?


Question: What are the side effect of phentermine as a prescription weight loss drug?

Answer: Also, take a multivitamin at least 2 hours before or after taking orlistat, because the drug temporarily makes it harder for your body to absorb vitamins A, D, E, and K. Orlistat is the only drug of its kind that's approved in the U. S. All other prescription weight loss drugs curb your appetite, including the following. Side effects: The most common side effects include nausea, constipation, headache, vomiting, dizziness, insomnia, and dry mouth. The drug can also increase blood pressure and heart rate. What else you should know: If you don't lose 5% of your weight after 12 weeks of taking Contrave, your doctor may tell you to stop taking it, because it's unlikely to work for you, the FDA says. Liraglutide has been shown in studies to cause thyroid tumors in animals, but it is not yet known if it can cause thyroid cancer in humans.


Question: How does Saxenda work as a prescription weight loss drug?

Answer: Approved for long-term use? How it works: Liraglutide is a higher dose of the type 2 diabetes drug Victoza. It mimics an intestinal hormone that tells the brain your stomach is full.


Question: How can working around harmful chemicals cause bladder cancer?

Answer: People who work in certain industries (painters, machinists, printers, hairdressers, and truck drivers, among others) may be exposed to harmful chemicals for long periods of time. This can increase their risk of disease.


Question: What is the outlook for people with bladder cancer?

Answer: The 5-year survival rate for bladder cancer is about 77%. That means that about 7 out of 10 people who are diagnosed with the disease will still be alive 5 years later. But that's just an estimate. Your outcome is based on your unique situation. That includes things like your age, overall health, how early the cancer was found, and how well it responds to treatment.


Question: How can chronic bladder inflammation cause bladder cancer?

Answer: If you have bladder infections that keep coming back or another condition that causes your bladder to be irritated for long periods of time, you stand a better chance of getting bladder cancer.


Question: What causes bladder cancer?

Answer: It accounts for just 5% of all new cancers in the U. S. Doctors aren't sure. But they do know that several things increase your risk for the disease. They include: Genetic makeup, race, and family history.


Question: How can genes cause bladder cancer?

Answer: Bladder cancer is most common in white men over age 55. If you or someone in your immediate family (parents or siblings) has had cancer of the bladder or the urinary tract before, you're more likely to get it.


Question: How can smoking cause bladder cancer?

Answer: Research shows that smoking is the cause of about 50% of all bladder cancers. Working around harmful chemicals.


Question: What is the role of the bladder?

Answer: Tubes called ureters carry the pee from your kidneys to your bladder. When you use the bathroom, the muscles in your bladder push the urine out through a tube called the urethra. In severe cases, it can spread to distant parts of your body, including your bones, lungs, or liver.


Question: How common is bladder cancer?

Answer: It accounts for just 5% of all new cancers in the U. S. Doctors aren't sure. The 5-year survival rate for bladder cancer is about 77%.


Question: How can taking certain diabetes medications cause bladder cancer?

Answer: If you have bladder infections that keep coming back or another condition that causes your bladder to be irritated for long periods of time, you stand a better chance of getting bladder cancer. Other diabetes meds that contain pioglitazone ( Actoplus Met and Duetact) can also raise your risk.


Question: How can prior chemo or radiation therapy cause bladder cancer?

Answer: If you or someone in your immediate family (parents or siblings) has had cancer of the bladder or the urinary tract before, you're more likely to get it. If you've taken pioglitazone ( Actos) for more than a year, you may stand a greater chance of getting bladder cancer.


Question: How can you get bladder cancer?

Answer: Over time, a tumor forms. It can spread to nearby lymph nodes and other organs. In severe cases, it can spread to distant parts of your body, including your bones, lungs, or liver. If you have bladder infections that keep coming back or another condition that causes your bladder to be irritated for long periods of time, you stand a better chance of getting bladder cancer.


Question: What should one expect after a root canal?

Answer: For the first few days following the completion of a root canal, the tooth may feel sensitive due to natural tissue inflammation, especially if there was pain or infection before the procedure. This sensitivity or discomfort usually can be controlled with over-the-counter pain medications such as ibuprofen ( Advil, Motrin) or naproxen ( Aleve). Most patients can return to their normal activities the next day. Until your root canal procedure is completely finished -- that is to say, the permanent filling is in place and/or the crown, it's wise to minimize chewing on the tooth under repair. This step will help avoid recontamination of the interior of the tooth and also may prevent a fragile tooth from breaking before the tooth can be fully restored. Embed Asset Override As far as oral health care is concerned, brush, floss, and use an antiseptic mouthwash as you regularly would and see your dentist at normally scheduled intervals.


Question: How successful are root canals?

Answer: The root canal procedure is the treatment of choice. The only alternative to a root canal procedure is having the tooth extracted and replaced with a bridge, implant, or removable partial denture to restore chewing function and prevent adjacent teeth from shifting.


Question: How can you prevent a root canal?

Answer: Embed Asset Override Since some of the reasons why the nerve of a tooth and its pulp become inflamed and infected are due to deep decay, repeated dental procedures on a tooth and/or large fillings, following good oral hygiene practices (brushing twice a day, flossing at least once a day, and scheduling regular dental visits) may reduce the need for a root canal procedure. Trauma resulting from a sports-related injury can be reduced by wearing a mouth guard.


Question: Why does tooth pulp need to be removed?

Answer: When a tooth's nerve tissue or pulp is damaged, it breaks down and bacteria begin to multiply within the pulp chamber. The bacteria and other decayed debris can cause an infection or abscessed tooth. An abscess is a pus-filled pocket that forms at the end of the roots of the tooth. An abscess occurs when the infection spreads all the way past the ends of the roots of the tooth. In addition to an abscess, an infection in the root canal of a tooth can cause: Embed Asset Override Swelling that may spread to other areas of the face, neck, or head Bone loss around the tip of the root Drainage problems extending outward from the root. A hole can occur through the side of the tooth with drainage into the gums or through the cheek with drainage into the skin.


Question: What does a root canal require?

Answer: A root canal requires one or more office visits and can be performed by a dentist or endodontist. An endodontist is a dentist who specializes in the causes, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of diseases and injuries of the human dental pulp or the nerve of the tooth. The choice of which type of dentist to use depends to some degree on the difficulty of the root canal procedure needed in your particular tooth and the general dentist's comfort level in working on your tooth. Your dentist will discuss who might be best suited to perform the work in your particular case.


Question: What are potential complications after a root canal?

Answer: Despite your dentist's best efforts to clean and seal a tooth, new infections might emerge after a root canal. Among the likely reasons for this include: Embed Asset Override More than the normally anticipated number of root canals in a tooth (leaving one of them uncleaned) An undetected crack in the root of a tooth A defective or inadequate dental restoration that has allowed bacteria to get past the restoration into the inner aspects of the tooth and recontaminate the area A breakdown of the inner sealing material over time, allowing bacteria to recontaminate the inner aspects of the tooth Sometimes retreatment can be successful, other times endodontic surgery must be tried in order to save the tooth.


Question: What are alternatives to a root canal?

Answer: The only alternative to a root canal procedure is having the tooth extracted and replaced with a bridge, implant, or removable partial denture to restore chewing function and prevent adjacent teeth from shifting. These alternatives not only are more expensive than a root canal procedure but require more treatment time and additional procedures to adjacent teeth and supporting tissues.


Question: How is the tooth filled in a root canal?

Answer: If the root canal is not completed on the same day, a temporary filling is placed in the exterior hole in the tooth to keep out contaminants like saliva and food between appointments. At the next appointment, to fill the interior of the tooth, a sealer paste and a rubber compound called gutta percha is placed into the tooth's root canal. To fill the exterior access hole created at the beginning of treatment, a filling is placed.


Question: What damages a tooth's nerve and pulp in the first place?

Answer: A tooth's nerve and pulp can become irritated, inflamed, and infected due to deep decay, repeated dental procedures on a tooth, and/or large fillings, a crack or chip in the tooth, or trauma to the face.


Question: What is a root canal?

Answer: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } A root canal is a treatment used to repair and save a tooth that is badly decayed or becomes infected. During a root canal procedure, the nerve and pulp are removed and the inside of the tooth is cleaned and sealed. Without treatment, the tissue surrounding the tooth will become infected and abscesses may form. " Root canal" is the term used to describe the natural cavity within the center of the tooth. The pulp or pulp chamber is the soft area within the root canal. The tooth's nerve lies within the root canal.


Question: What is the cost of a root canal?

Answer: A ballpark estimate for the root canal treatment itself (not including a dental restoration following the procedure) performed by a general dentist could range from $500 to $1,000 for an incisor and $800 to $1,500 for a molar. The fees charged by endodontists could be up to 50% higher.


Question: What happens in a root canal?

Answer: In addition to an abscess, an infection in the root canal of a tooth can cause: Embed Asset Override Swelling that may spread to other areas of the face, neck, or head Bone loss around the tip of the root Drainage problems extending outward from the root. Your dentist or endodontist will then use local anesthesia to numb the area near the tooth. An access hole will then be drilled into the tooth. The pulp along with bacteria, the decayed nerve tissue and related debris is removed from the tooth. The cleaning out process is accomplished using root canal files. A series of these files of increasing diameter are each subsequently placed into the access hole and worked down the full length of the tooth to scrape and scrub the sides of the root canals. Water or sodium hypochlorite is used periodically to flush away the debris. At the next appointment, to fill the interior of the tooth, a sealer paste and a rubber compound called gutta percha is placed into the tooth's root canal. These alternatives not only are more expensive than a root canal procedure but require more treatment time and additional procedures to adjacent teeth and supporting tissues.


Question: What are the final steps in a root canal?

Answer: Your dentist will discuss the need for any additional dental work with you. Also, because the final step of the root canal procedure is application of a restoration such as a crown or a filling, it will not be obvious to onlookers that a root canal was performed.


Question: How does a doctor diagnose abnormal vaginal discharge?

Answer: Types of Abnormal Discharge and Their Possible Causes Type of Discharge What It Might Mean Other Symptoms Bloody or brown Irregular menstrual cycles, or less often, cervical or endometrial cancer Abnormal vaginal bleeding, pelvic pain Cloudy or yellow Gonorrhea Bleeding between periods, urinary incontinence, pelvic pain Frothy, yellow or greenish with a bad smell Trichomoniasis Pain and itching while urinating Pink Shedding of the uterine lining after childbirth (lochia) Thick, white, cheesy Yeast infection Swelling and pain around the vulva, itching, painful sexual intercourse White, gray, or yellow with fishy odor Bacterial vaginosis Itching or burning, redness and swelling of the vagina or vulva The doctor will start by taking a health history and asking about your symptoms. Questions may include: When did the abnormal discharge begin? What color is the discharge? Is there any smell? Do you have any itching, pain, or burning in or around the vagina? Do you have more than one sexual partner? Do you douche?


Question: What is a normal vaginal discharge?

Answer: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } Vaginal discharge serves an important housekeeping function in the female reproductive system. Fluid made by glands inside the vagina and cervix carries away dead cells and bacteria. This keeps the vagina clean and helps prevent infection. Most of the time, vaginal discharge is perfectly normal. The amount can vary, as can odor and color (which can range from clear to a milky white-ish), depending on the time in your menstrual cycle. For example, there will be more discharge when you're ovulating, breastfeeding, or sexually aroused. It may smell different when you're pregnant or you've been letting your personal hygiene slide. None of those changes is cause for alarm. However, if the color, smell, or consistency seems quite different than usual, especially if you also have vaginal itching or burning, you could be dealing with an infection or other condition.


Question: What are some tips for preventing abnormal vaginal discharge?

Answer: These are a few of the things that can upset that balance: Antibiotic or steroid use Bacterial vaginosis, a bacterial infection more common in pregnant women or women who have multiple sexual partners Birth control pills Cervical cancer Chlamydia or gonorrhea ( STDs), sexually transmitted infections Diabetes Douches, scented soaps or lotions, bubble bath Pelvic infection after surgery Pelvic inflammatory disease ( PID) Trichomoniasis, a parasitic infection typically contracted and caused by having unprotected sex Vaginal atrophy, the thinning and drying out of the vaginal walls during menopause Vaginitis, irritation in or around the vagina Yeast infections See the chart below to learn more about what a particular type of discharge might mean. Never use scented soaps and feminine products or douche. Also avoid feminine sprays and bubble baths. After going to the bathroom, always wipe from front to back to prevent bacteria from getting into the vagina and causing an infection. Wear 100% cotton underpants, and avoid overly tight clothing.


Question: How is abnormal vaginal discharge treated?

Answer: What color is the discharge? Bacterial vaginosis is treated with antibiotic pills or creams. Trichomoniasis is usually treated with the drug metronidazole ( Flagyl) or tinidazole ( Tindamax).


Question: What causes abnormal vaginal discharge?

Answer: These are a few of the things that can upset that balance: Antibiotic or steroid use Bacterial vaginosis, a bacterial infection more common in pregnant women or women who have multiple sexual partners Birth control pills Cervical cancer Chlamydia or gonorrhea ( STDs), sexually transmitted infections Diabetes Douches, scented soaps or lotions, bubble bath Pelvic infection after surgery Pelvic inflammatory disease ( PID) Trichomoniasis, a parasitic infection typically contracted and caused by having unprotected sex Vaginal atrophy, the thinning and drying out of the vaginal walls during menopause Vaginitis, irritation in or around the vagina Yeast infections See the chart below to learn more about what a particular type of discharge might mean. Do you have any itching, pain, or burning in or around the vagina?


Question: Does endovenous ablation therapy for varicose and spider veins have risks?

Answer: Endovenous ablation therapy is minimally invasive and generally safe and complication-free. There are, though, risks, including infection, damage to the blood vessel, inflammation of the vein, and, rarely, heat damage to nerves, although this typically goes away in a short time. In extremely rare cases, blood clots that form in the veins can travel to the lungs.


Question: What are symptoms of varicose and spider veins?

Answer: Although varicose veins and spider veins are common, many people find them unsightly. Varicose veins can also cause unpleasant symptoms, such as tiredness, itching, burning, throbbing, tingling, heaviness, soreness, or swelling in the legs.


Question: How can ambulatory phlebectomy help in treating varicose and spider veins?

Answer: Ambulatory phlebectomy Ambulatory phlebectomy removes varicose veins closest to the surface of the skin through slit-like incisions. You'll remain awake during the procedure, but the area around the vein will be numbed. It's an outpatient procedure, meaning there is no overnight stay.


Question: Can varicose veins cause medical problems?

Answer: But in some people, they can lead to pain that interferes with walking or standing. They can also cause blood clots, skin ulcers, infections, and other troubles. If lifestyle changes don't help, if varicose veins become more severe, or if you're bothered by the appearance of your varicose or spider veins, talk to your doctor about what medical treatments are available.


Question: How can endovenous ablation therapy help in treating varicose and spider veins?

Answer: Endovenous ablation therapy In this procedure, doctors close off varicose veins by using lasers or high-frequency radio waves within the vein to create intense heat. Your doctor will make a tiny cut near the vein and insert a small catheter. A device at the tip of the catheter heats up the inside of the vessel and closes it off. Compared to an older procedure called vein stripping and ligation, in which veins are tied shut and removed through small cuts in the skin, ablation therapy closes off varicose veins but leaves them in place, resulting in minimal bleeding and bruising.


Question: What are some lifestyle changes that can improve symptoms of varicose and spider veins?

Answer: Some things you can try include: Not standing or sitting for long periods without taking a break. Losing extra weight to improve blood flow and ease pressure on your veins. Not wearing tight clothing, especially around your waist, upper thighs, and legs. Avoiding crossing your legs at your knees and ankles. Doing physical activities that move your legs, which will improve muscle tone.


Question: How can compression stockings help in treating varicose and spider veins?

Answer: That keeps blood from pooling in veins and also curbs leg swelling. You can buy compression stockings in pharmacies and medical supply stores. If lifestyle changes don't help, if varicose veins become more severe, or if you're bothered by the appearance of your varicose or spider veins, talk to your doctor about what medical treatments are available. A device at the tip of the catheter heats up the inside of the vessel and closes it off.


Question: How can you match your strengths to your job if you have attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?

Answer: ADHD symptoms can differ from person to person. The disorder can make you restless and easily distracted. Or it can make you so focused on a task that it's hard for you to shift your attention to other things. The trick is to seek jobs where your ADHD traits may be your strengths: 1.


Question: Are there drugs that exist to help with quitting smoking?

Answer: There are also two drugs your doctor can prescribe that may help: Chantix and Zyban. When using any of these products, follow the directions on the package and report any side effects to your doctor. Don't use more than one type, and don't smoke while using nicotine replacement products, since doing so can cause serious side effects.


Question: What kinds of non-drug nicotine replacement therapies exist?

Answer: You can also ask your doctor if nicotine replacement therapy might help. Nicotine patches, gum, lozenges, and nasal sprays are four ways to curb cravings for nicotine without a prescription. You wear the patch on your skin, between the neck and waist. It steadily supplies small amounts of nicotine. The gum lets you control the amount of nicotine you get each day. Use it for up to 30 minutes at a time. The nasal spray provides fast relief from nicotine cravings but requires a prescription. The lozenges also control the amount of nicotine you get each day.


Question: How does smoking affect people with diabetes?

Answer: And since diabetes makes you more likely to get heart disease, you definitely don't want the extra risk that comes from smoking. No matter how much or how long you have smoked, quitting helps your health. You'll feel better, look better (since smoking gives you wrinkles before you're old), and you'll save money, too. If you have diabetes, here are some tips to help you quit, based on guidelines from the American Cancer Society.


Question: What are tips for people with diabetes to quit smoking?

Answer: You don't have to quit immediately. If you know it's more realistic for you to kick the habit after a big event or deadline, make that your quit date. Tell your doctor the date. You'll have built-in support. Don't have anything you need to smoke on hand, like ash trays, lighters, or matches. Breathe deeply when you crave a cigarette. Hold your breath for 10 seconds, and then exhale slowly. Spend time in places where you can't smoke because it's banned, such as a library, theater, or museum. Hang out with friends who are also working on kicking the habit. Go to places that don't allow smoking. Reach for low-calorie, good-for-you foods instead of smoking. Choose fresh fruit and crisp, crunchy vegetables. Exercise to ease your stress instead of lighting up. Pass up coffee, soft drinks that have caffeine, and alcohol, as they all can increase the urge to smoke. Draw, text, type, or knit, for examples. Hack your habits. If you always had a cigarette on your work break, take a walk, talk to a friend, or do something else instead. It will be harder to get one. You'll have time to notice what you're doing and stop. Let your family and friends know you're quitting smoking. Ask for their support. If they smoke, tell them not to do so around you. If they do, leave. Be good to yourself. Do things that you enjoy. You'll notice that you don't need a cigarette to have fun.


Question: What are some tips to help you quit smoking?

Answer: You don't have to quit immediately. If you know it's more realistic for you to kick the habit after a big event or deadline, make that your quit date. Tell your doctor the date. You'll have built-in support. Don't have anything you need to smoke on hand, like ash trays, lighters, or matches. Breathe deeply when you crave a cigarette. Hold your breath for 10 seconds, and then exhale slowly. Spend time in places where you can't smoke because it's banned, such as a library, theater, or museum. Hang out with friends who are also working on kicking the habit. Go to places that don't allow smoking. Choose fresh fruit and crisp, crunchy vegetables. Exercise to ease your stress instead of lighting up. Pass up coffee, soft drinks that have caffeine, and alcohol, as they all can increase the urge to smoke. Draw, text, type, or knit, for examples. Hack your habits. If you always had a cigarette on your work break, take a walk, talk to a friend, or do something else instead. It will be harder to get one. You'll have time to notice what you're doing and stop. Let your family and friends know you're quitting smoking. Ask for their support. If they smoke, tell them not to do so around you. If they do, leave. Be good to yourself. Do things that you enjoy. You'll notice that you don't need a cigarette to have fun.


Question: What are the different options of nicotine replacement therapy?

Answer: Nicotine patches, gum, lozenges, and nasal sprays are four ways to curb cravings for nicotine without a prescription. There are also two drugs your doctor can prescribe that may help: Chantix and Zyban.


Question: Where can you get carcinoid syndrome?

Answer: You could get carcinoid syndrome from tumors in the lungs, testes, or ovaries. In those cases, the extra hormones go directly into your bloodstream.


Question: How is radiation used to treat carcinoid syndrome?

Answer: This treatment can destroy cancer cells or keep them from multiplying. The radiation can come from a machine outside your body, or your doctor may place a small amount of radioactive material inside your body, in or near the tumor.


Question: Is there a cure for carcinoid syndrome?

Answer: Although often there's no cure for carcinoid tumors, treatments can help you live longer and better. ( Sometimes it can be surgically removed and cured if found early.) You can also take steps to relieve the symptoms of carcinoid syndrome and feel more comfortable. You have control over decisions about your treatment and your life. Find people you can talk to about your plans, your fears, and your feelings. Ask your doctor about support groups, where you can meet people who understand what you're going through.


Question: How is drug therapy used to treat carcinoid syndrome?

Answer: Injected drugs such as lanreotide and octreotide can help with skin flushing. They may also have a small effect on stopping tumor growth. Diarrhea is a common side effect of carcinoid syndrome and taking telotristat ethyl ( Xermelo) along with lanreotide or octreotide can often give relief. Lanreotide and octreotide work by attaching to carcinoid cells and cutting down on the amount of chemicals they make. Their side effects can include nausea, gallstones, and pain or bruising where you inject it. In some cases, doctors give octreotide with a low-dose injection of a man-made protein called alpha interferon to boost your body's response.


Question: How are biologic drugs used to treat carcinoid syndrome?

Answer: This type of treatment, which is also called immunotherapy, strengthens your body's defense system. Doctors inject drugs into your body that help your immune system kill cancer cells.


Question: How do you get carcinoid syndrome?

Answer: You get carcinoid syndrome when your carcinoid tumors release hormones and proteins into your body. Where your tumors are will determine what substances they make.


Question: How is carcinoid syndrome treated?

Answer: To treat carcinoid syndrome, your doctors will need to treat your tumors. You could need just one or a combination of treatments. Medication may help with your related symptoms.


Question: What foods should you avoid to prevent carcinoid syndrome?

Answer: You can make changes on your own to curb the effects of carcinoid syndrome. For instance, avoid certain foods and drinks that can trigger symptoms: Alcohol Nuts Cheese Chili peppers Hot liquids It might take some trial and error to see which are triggers for you.


Question: What complications can happen from carcinoid syndrome?

Answer: People with carcinoid syndrome may have: Skin that turns a pink, red, or purple color Small, widened blood vessels on their face Diarrhea Shortness of breath or wheezing Rapid heart rate Sudden drops in blood pressure Carcinoid syndrome can also cause complications. It's rare, but you could get heart disease. Your heart valves may get thick and leak. Medicine can help, and in some cases you might need surgery.


Question: What questions will your doctor ask to diagnose carcinoid syndrome?

Answer: You may have episodes when your skin suddenly gets red and warm, you have trouble breathing, or you have a rapid heartbeat, for example. Do you often have diarrhea? Have you been short of breath? Do you sometimes wheeze?


Question: Where can you get support for carcinoid syndrome?

Answer: You can also take steps to relieve the symptoms of carcinoid syndrome and feel more comfortable. It also has information about how to join support groups in your area.


Question: What does a kidney stone feel like?

Answer: When you have a kidney stone, you may not have any symptoms -- that is, until the stone starts to stir. It can move around within your kidney or into your ureter, the tube that connects your kidney to your bladder. Symptoms can vary and can be mild or severe. The most common one is pain. You may feel it: In your side or back, below the ribs -- and the pain can be very intense In your groin and lower abdomen Come and go and get better or worse As you pee -- and you might have to go more often than usual The pain can shift around in your body, from your belly or back down to your groin. This means the stone is making its way from your kidney through the ureter and closer to your bladder. When this happens, you are more likely to feel a burning when you pee or have more urges to go.


Question: Does the size of your kidney stone matter?

Answer: This means the stone is making its way from your kidney through the ureter and closer to your bladder. Sometimes smaller stones can hurt the worst, while big stones might just give you a dull ache.


Question: What should you know about kidney stones?

Answer: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } But other times, you'll know about it. That's because flushing one out of your body as you pee can hurt, sometimes enormously. That pain you feel as you pass a stone is the main sign that you might be taking in too much minerals and not enough fluids. That imbalance is one reason these pebble-like objects might form. The stones can be brown or yellow, and smooth or rough. Sometimes smaller stones can hurt the worst, while big stones might just give you a dull ache.


Question: What are the symptoms of edema in a small area from infection or inflammation?

Answer: Your symptoms will depend on the amount of swelling you have and where you have it. Edema in a small area from an infection or inflammation (like a mosquito bite) may cause no symptoms. On the other hand, a large allergic reaction (such as from a bee sting) may cause edema on your entire arm that can bring pain and limit your arm's movement.


Question: What are symptoms of leg edema?

Answer: Leg edema can make the legs feel heavy. This can affect walking. In edema and heart disease, for example, the legs may easily weigh an extra 5 or 10 pounds each. Severe leg edema can interfere with blood flow, leading to ulcers on the skin.


Question: How does an edema happen?

Answer: Edema happens when your small blood vessels leak fluid into nearby tissues. That extra fluid builds up, which makes the tissue swell.


Question: How do you know if your edema is caused by a critical illness?

Answer: Burns, life-threatening infections, or other critical illnesses can cause a reaction that allows fluid to leak into tissues almost everywhere. This can cause edema all over your body.


Question: How is leg edema treated?

Answer: Leg edema related to congestive heart failure or liver disease can be treated with a diuretic (sometimes called a ''water pill'') like furosemide ( Lasix). When you can pee more, fluid from the legs can flow back into the blood. Limiting how much sodium you eat can also help.


Question: How do you know if your edema is caused by pregnancy?

Answer: Mild leg edema is common during pregnancy. But serious complications of pregnancy like deep vein thrombosis and preeclampsia can also cause edema.


Question: How do you know if you have cerebral edema (brain edema)?

Answer: Head trauma , low blood sodium (called hyponatremia), high altitudes, brain tumors, and a block in fluid drainage in the brain (known as hydrocephalus) can cause cerebral edema. So can headaches, confusion, unconsciousness, and coma.


Question: How do you know if your edema is caused by allergic reactions?

Answer: Edema is a part of most allergic reactions. In response to the allergen, nearby blood vessels leak fluid into the affected area.


Question: How is edema treated?

Answer: For example, you might take allergy medications to treat swelling from allergies. Edema from a block in fluid drainage can sometimes be treated by getting the drainage flowing again. A blood clot in the leg is treated with blood thinners. They break down the clot and get drainage back to normal. A tumor that blocks blood or lymph can sometimes be shrunk or removed with surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation.


Question: What medications can cause edema?

Answer: Many medicines can cause edema, including: NSAIDs (such as ibuprofen and naproxen) Calcium channel blockers Corticosteroids (like prednisone and methylprednisolone) Pioglitazone and rosiglitazone Pramipexole When they cause swelling, usually it's mild leg edema.


Question: How do you know if your edema is caused by obstruction of flow?

Answer: If drainage of fluid from a part of your body is blocked, fluid can back up. A blood clot in the deep veins of your leg can cause leg edema. A tumor blocking the flow of blood or another fluid called lymph can cause edema.


Question: How do you know if your edema is caused by kidney disease?

Answer: A kidney condition called nephrotic syndrome can cause severe leg edema and sometimes whole-body edema.


Question: How do you know if your edema is caused by liver disease?

Answer: Severe liver disease, such as cirrhosis, causes you to retain fluid. Cirrhosis also leads to low levels of albumin and other proteins in your blood. Fluid leaks into the abdomen and can also cause leg edema.


Question: What does edema mean?

Answer: It can affect a small area or the entire body. Medications, pregnancy, infections, and many other medical problems can cause edema. Edema in a small area from an infection or inflammation (like a mosquito bite) may cause no symptoms. For example, you might take allergy medications to treat swelling from allergies.


Question: How do you know if your edema is caused by heart disease (congestive heart failure)?

Answer: If fluid builds up quickly, you can get fluid in the lungs. If your heart failure is on the right side of your heart, edema can develop in the abdomen. Fluid leaks into the abdomen and can also cause leg edema.


Question: What causes an edema?

Answer: In some cases, like an infection, this may be helpful. More fluid from your blood vessels puts more infection-fighting white blood cells in the swollen area. Edema can also come from other conditions or from when the balance of substances in your blood is off. Kidney disease. Edema in a small area from an infection or inflammation (like a mosquito bite) may cause no symptoms.


Question: What are symptoms of pulmonary edema?

Answer: Pulmonary edema. Some people with pulmonary edema may have a cough.


Question: When should someone call their doctor about breast cancer?

Answer: One or both breasts develop an abnormal lump or pain that doesn't go away, or look or feel abnormal. The cause often is something other than cancer, but a doctor should check it. You have swollen lymph nodes in your armpits. Any swelling could be from cancer.


Question: What are the early symptoms of breast cancer?

Answer: As a tumor grows, you may notice these signs: A lump in your breast or underarm that doesn't go away after your period. This is often the first symptom of breast cancer. Lumps associated with breast cancer are usually painless, although some may cause a prickly sensation. Lumps are usually visible on a mammogram long before you can see or feel them. Swelling in your armpit or collarbone could mean breast cancer has spread to lymph nodes in that area. Although lumps are usually painless, pain or tenderness can be a sign of breast cancer. This could be a tumor that you can't see or feel. You might notice a difference in the size, contour, texture, or temperature of your breast. A reddish, pitted surface like the skin of an orange could be a sign of advanced breast cancer. It could: Pull inward Get dimpled Burn Itch Develop sores You might notice an unusual discharge from your nipple. It could be clear, bloody, or another color. This area will feel different from any other part of either breast.


Question: How does the body clear clots?

Answer: When your body senses that you've healed, it calls on a protein called plasmin. Here's the clever part: Plasmin is actually built into the clot itself. It's there the whole time, but it's turned off. It just hangs out and waits. To turn it on, your body releases a substance known as an activator. It wakes up plasmin and tells it to get to work tearing things down. That mainly means breaking up the mesh-like structure that helps the clot work so well.


Question: How do thrombolytics clear clots?

Answer: Also called anticoagulants, these are some of the more common drugs for a deep vein thrombosis ( DVT). That gives your body time to break up the clot. They work by turning on plasmin, which jump-starts your body's natural process for clearing things out.


Question: How do blood clots dissolve?

Answer: It's a complicated process where platelets, a type of blood cell, and lots of different proteins all jump in at just the right time to plug things up. As the wound heals, your body has another process to break them down. If a clot forms when it's not supposed to -- inside a blood vessel, for example -- you might need a little help to make that happen. Blood thinners don't dissolve the clot, but they can stop it from getting bigger and keep new ones from forming.


Question: What happens at an accupuncture appointment?

Answer: A licensed acupuncturist: 1. Examines you and asks about your health history 2. Searches for blocked energy and identifies your constitutional pattern. This may occur by taking your pulse, examining your tongue, and looking at your skin and eyes. 3. Uses established landmarks to determine the placement of very thin needles 4. Quickly taps the needles into your skin Some people feel slight pressure, but most feel no pain from the needles. The area may tingle, feel numb, itch, or be a little sore. Treatment lasts 15 minutes to an hour. You may about need 5 to 10 treatments.


Question: What conditions can acupuncture help with?

Answer: Acupuncture may help reduce stress and ease pain associated with certain conditions and help with many other health problems.


Question: What symptoms can acupuncture help with?

Answer: Acupuncture may help reduce stress and ease pain associated with certain conditions and help with many other health problems.


Question: How does acupuncture work?

Answer: Alternatively, acupuncturists can also use manual pressure. Acupuncture has been studied for its benefits with many types of pain. Acupuncturists believe it corrects energy imbalances in the body. Western doctors believe it stimulates natural chemicals in your body called endorphins that block pain signals. Uses established landmarks to determine the placement of very thin needles 4.


Question: How can you find a licensed acupuncturist near you?

Answer: Ask your doctor whether it's right for you. Prompt: Acupuncture for you? Before starting acupuncture: * If you have health insurance, find out if it will cover acupuncture for your condition.


Question: What symptoms accompany transformed migraines?

Answer: When chronic migraine headaches begin, you might notice that your headaches are less severe but happen more often, until they happen every day. This change may be linked to daily use of pain relievers. Some people with chronic migraine headaches have severe pain along with nausea and vomiting, much like other types of migraines. Often, it's hard to tell the difference between tension headaches and chronic migraine headaches.


Question: What is the difference between tension headaches and chronic migraine headaches?

Answer: When chronic migraine headaches begin, you might notice that your headaches are less severe but happen more often, until they happen every day. This change may be linked to daily use of pain relievers. Some people with chronic migraine headaches have severe pain along with nausea and vomiting, much like other types of migraines. Often, it's hard to tell the difference between tension headaches and chronic migraine headaches.


Question: What are chronic migraine headaches?

Answer: Previously called transformed migraine headaches, chronic migraine headaches are migraine headaches occurring more than 15 days per month. Most people who get them have had migraines for years, usually since their early teens or before. Daily chronic migraine headaches usually start for people during their 20s and 30s.


Question: Do other health problems often accompany transformed migraine?

Answer: In many cases, people who have chronic migraine headaches have other health problems, such as high blood pressure and depression, which complicate treatment.


Question: How do doctors treat chronic migraine headaches?

Answer: And because the headaches happen every day, many people tend to take too many pain relievers, both prescription and over-the-counter, using these drugs daily even when they don't have a headache. This means the person could build up a tolerance to the drugs. Plus, taking a lot of pain relievers with caffeine can lead to medication overuse headaches.


Question: What are transformed migraines?

Answer: Most people who get them have had migraines for years, usually since their early teens or before. Daily chronic migraine headaches usually start for people during their 20s and 30s. If you start to have near daily, throbbing headaches, talk to your doctor.


Question: What other health problems do people with chronic migraine headaches have?

Answer: Because chronic migraine headaches are tough to diagnose, many people may get the wrong treatment. If you start to have near daily, throbbing headaches, talk to your doctor. She can help you find out if you're having chronic migraine headaches and help you find safe, effective relief.


Question: What can you do to feel better from menstrual triggers of irritable bowel syndrome?

Answer: How to Feel Better: Think about taking birth control pills. They can make your periods more regular. But they can cause side effects, like upset stomach, vomiting, stomach cramps or bloating, diarrhea, and constipation. Work with your doctor to find one that works without causing other problems. Treat severe PMS. Some drugs that treat depression can help, such as fluoxetine ( Prozac, Sarafem), paroxetine ( Paxil), and sertraline ( Zoloft).


Question: How can you avoid stress and anxiety triggers for irritable bowel syndrome?

Answer: Stress and anxiety can make IBS symptoms worse. Worries can come from a lot of sources, including: Work Your commute Problems at home Money problems A sense that things are out of your control How to Manage Stress: Choose healthy habits.


Question: What are better meds to avoid irritable bowel syndrome?

Answer: People with IBS may have trouble with: Antibiotics Some antidepressants Medicine made with sorbitol, such as cough syrup How to Choose Better Meds: Talk with your doctor about switching to a drug that won't make your symptoms flare. But ask her before you stop taking your meds. Choose antidepressants wisely. Older ones, called tricyclic antidepressants, can cause constipation. Standard ones, called selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, like fluoxetine ( Prozac, Sarafem) and sertraline ( Zoloft), can cause diarrhea. Work with your doctor to find the right one.


Question: What are better diet choices to avoid irritable bowel syndrome diarrhea?

Answer: Better Diet Choices for Diarrhea: Eat a moderate amount of soluble fiber. It adds bulk to your stools. Good sources are whole wheat breads, oats, barley, brown rice, whole-grain pasta, the flesh of fruit (not the skin), and dried fruits. Don't eat foods at opposite temperatures, such as ice-cold water and steaming hot soup, in the same meal. Stay away from broccoli, onions, and cabbage. They cause gas, which can make you feel worse. Eat smaller portions. Drink water an hour before or after meals, not while you eat. Talk with your doctor or a dietitian if you think you may have a wheat allergy. To ease symptoms of bloating and gas, try to avoid gassy foods such as beans, Brussels sprouts, wheat germ, raisins, and celery.


Question: Can changes to my diet help the diarrhea that comes with my IBS?

Answer: Better Diet Choices for Diarrhea: Eat a moderate amount of soluble fiber. It adds bulk to your stools. Good sources are whole wheat breads, oats, barley, brown rice, whole-grain pasta, the flesh of fruit (not the skin), and dried fruits. Don't eat foods at opposite temperatures, such as ice-cold water and steaming hot soup, in the same meal. Stay away from broccoli, onions, and cabbage. They cause gas, which can make you feel worse. Eat smaller portions. Drink water an hour before or after meals, not while you eat. Talk with your doctor or a dietitian if you think you may have a wheat allergy. To ease symptoms of bloating and gas, try to avoid gassy foods such as beans, Brussels sprouts, wheat germ, raisins, and celery.


Question: How can you avoid diet triggers for irritable bowel syndrome diarrhea?

Answer: Foods that can make IBS-related diarrhea worse for some people include: Too much fiber, especially the insoluble kind you get in the skin of fruits and vegetables Food and drinks with chocolate, alcohol, caffeine, fructose, or sorbitol Carbonated drinks Large meals Fried and fatty foods Dairy products, especially in people who can't digest the milk sugar lactose, called lactose intolerance Foods with wheat for people who are allergic to or have a bad reaction to gluten.


Question: Can changes to my diet help the constipation that comes with my IBS?

Answer: Some foods can make IBS-related constipation worse, including: Breads and cereals made with refined (not whole) grains Processed foods such as chips and cookies Coffee, carbonated drinks, and alcohol High-protein diets Dairy products, especially cheese Better Diet Choices for Constipation: Gradually boost your fiber intake by 2 to 3 grams per day until you're eating 25 (for women) or 38 (for men) grams per day. Good sources include whole-grain bread and cereals, beans, fruits, and vegetables. Eat a moderate amount of foods that are higher in the sugar substitute sorbitol, such as dried plums and prune juice. Drink plenty of plain water every day. Try ground flaxseed. You can sprinkle it on salads and cooked vegetables.


Question: How can you avoid other triggers of irritable bowel syndrome?

Answer: Eating while you work or drive Eating too quickly Chewing gum Not enough exercise What to Do: Cut out distractions while you eat. Try to get at least 30 minutes of exercise each day. It can help you prevent constipation and ease stress. Also, be sure to talk to your doctor about all your treatment options for IBS with constipation and IBS with diarrhea.


Question: What are the best ways to treat menstrual triggers for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)?

Answer: How to Feel Better: Think about taking birth control pills. They can make your periods more regular. But they can cause side effects, like upset stomach, vomiting, stomach cramps or bloating, diarrhea, and constipation. Work with your doctor to find one that works without causing other problems. Treat severe PMS.


Question: How can you avoid diet triggers for irritable bowel syndrome constipation?

Answer: Some foods can make IBS-related constipation worse, including: Breads and cereals made with refined (not whole) grains Processed foods such as chips and cookies Coffee, carbonated drinks, and alcohol High-protein diets Dairy products, especially cheese Better Diet Choices for Constipation: Gradually boost your fiber intake by 2 to 3 grams per day until you're eating 25 (for women) or 38 (for men) grams per day.


Question: What are random triggers for IBS?

Answer: Eating while you work or drive Eating too quickly Chewing gum Not enough exercise What to Do: Cut out distractions while you eat.


Question: How can you avoid menstrual triggers for irritable bowel syndrome?

Answer: Women with IBS tend to have worse symptoms during their periods. There's not a lot you can do to prevent it, but you can ease pain and discomfort during that time of the month.


Question: What can I do to reduce these other triggers of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)?

Answer: Eating while you work or drive Eating too quickly Chewing gum Not enough exercise What to Do: Cut out distractions while you eat. Try to get at least 30 minutes of exercise each day. It can help you prevent constipation and ease stress. Also, be sure to talk to your doctor about all your treatment options for IBS with constipation and IBS with diarrhea.


Question: What are better diet choices to avoid irritable bowel syndrome constipation?

Answer: Some foods can make IBS-related constipation worse, including: Breads and cereals made with refined (not whole) grains Processed foods such as chips and cookies Coffee, carbonated drinks, and alcohol High-protein diets Dairy products, especially cheese Better Diet Choices for Constipation: Gradually boost your fiber intake by 2 to 3 grams per day until you're eating 25 (for women) or 38 (for men) grams per day. Good sources include whole-grain bread and cereals, beans, fruits, and vegetables. Eat a moderate amount of foods that are higher in the sugar substitute sorbitol, such as dried plums and prune juice. Drink plenty of plain water every day. Try ground flaxseed. You can sprinkle it on salads and cooked vegetables.


Question: Are there ways I can ease stress to help my IBS?

Answer: Worries can come from a lot of sources, including: Work Your commute Problems at home Money problems A sense that things are out of your control How to Manage Stress: Choose healthy habits. Eat a well-balanced diet that works for your IBS. Get regular exercise and enough sleep. Do something fun as often as you can. Listen to music, read, shop, or take a walk. Learn better ways to calm down with behavioral therapy. There are a few types: relaxation therapy, biofeedback, hypnotherapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, and psychotherapy. If you feel comfortable, talk to family members, close friends, your boss, or co-workers about your IBS. When they know what's going on, they can support you and better understand how it affects you.


Question: How can you avoid irritable bowel syndrome triggers?

Answer: When you know the things that can make your IBS symptoms flare up, called triggers, you can make a plan to avoid them. That way, you can work on keeping problems with constipation, diarrhea, belly pain, and bloating to a minimum. IBS is different for everyone, but it may help to keep track of how you react to the most common symptom triggers and learn to prevent them.


Question: Is it important to keep track of my IBS triggers?

Answer: When you know the things that can make your IBS symptoms flare up, called triggers, you can make a plan to avoid them. That way, you can work on keeping problems with constipation, diarrhea, belly pain, and bloating to a minimum. IBS is different for everyone, but it may help to keep track of how you react to the most common symptom triggers and learn to prevent them.


Question: How can you avoid drugs that can trigger irritable bowel syndrome?

Answer: People with IBS may have trouble with: Antibiotics Some antidepressants Medicine made with sorbitol, such as cough syrup How to Choose Better Meds: Talk with your doctor about switching to a drug that won't make your symptoms flare. Some drugs that treat depression can help, such as fluoxetine ( Prozac, Sarafem), paroxetine ( Paxil), and sertraline ( Zoloft).


Question: When is endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) used?

Answer: Endoscopic ultrasound may be used to: Evaluate stages of cancer. Evaluate chronic pancreatitis or other disorders of the pancreas. Study abnormalities or tumors in organs, including the gallbladder and liver. Study the muscles of the lower rectum and anal canal to determine reasons forfecalincontinence(accidental bowel leakage). Study nodules (bumps) in the intestinal wall.


Question: What happens during an endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)?

Answer: An endoscope is a small, lighted, flexible tube with a camera attached. By inserting the endoscope and camera into the upper or the lower digestive tract, the doctor is able to obtain high-quality ultrasound images of organs. A person undergoing an endoscopic ultrasound will be sedated prior to the procedure. After sedation, the doctor inserts an endoscope into the person's mouth or rectum. Additionally the sound wave testing may be used to locate and help take biopsies (small piece of tissue to examine by microscope). The entire procedure usually takes 30 to 90 minutes and the patient usually can go home the same day of the procedure.


Question: Is it too late for me to get better if I have diabetes?

Answer: Maybe you've tried to get there before and got disappointed. Rethink it: Bring your thoughts back to the here and now. Mental health experts say most anxiety comes from worrying about the future. The more you focus on what you can do today, the better.


Question: How can I stop thinking so negatively about my diabetes?

Answer: It takes practice to turn your inner voice into your friend instead of your critic. Make it a habit with these tips: Keep a journal. Write down your thoughts. After about a week, read your journal to look for patterns.


Question: How can I tackle diabetes if I keep messing up and binging on food?

Answer: Little steps, over time, will move your health in a positive direction. Ask your doctor to help you set small goals along the way to your ultimate goal. You want reachable milestones you can build on. For instance, if you lose a little bit of weight at a time, it can lower your blood sugar levels and blood pressure sooner than you may think.


Question: How can I tackle diabetes if I keep feeling like I have no time to exercise?

Answer: Rethink it: Take it 10 minutes at a time. Tell yourself, â I don't have to do it all at once.â Exercise doesn't have to take a lot of time. Even a little will give you a burst of optimism and energy while it improves your metabolism. Try 10-minute spurts of activity. You won't need to change your clothes. For example, instead of playing solitaire on your phone when you're in a waiting room, ask the attendant if you have time to take a 10-minute walk around the parking lot before your appointment.


Question: What should I do if I can't follow my meal plan for my diabetes?

Answer: Rethink it: Give yourself credit for your good food choices. It could be that you used to overeat all the time, and now you've had balanced meals most days this week.


Question: As a diabetic, should I get a personal trainer to exercise?

Answer: The more you focus on what you can do today, the better.


Question: How can I improve my health if I have diabetes?

Answer: Little steps, over time, will move your health in a positive direction. Ask your doctor to help you set small goals along the way to your ultimate goal. You want reachable milestones you can build on. For instance, if you lose a little bit of weight at a time, it can lower your blood sugar levels and blood pressure sooner than you may think. Start slowly. First, learn to eat more fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean protein.


Question: Is it normal to have negative thoughts if I have diabetes?

Answer: You'll be more motivated on some days than others. You'll also wonder how it's going. It's natural for negative thoughts to creep in once in a while. It takes practice to turn your inner voice into your friend instead of your critic.


Question: How can I shift my negative thoughts about diabetes toward productive ones?

Answer: It takes practice to turn your inner voice into your friend instead of your critic. Make it a habit with these tips: Keep a journal. Write down your thoughts. After about a week, read your journal to look for patterns. Write positive messages for yourself, like â I am healthy." Say something positive to yourself every time you look in the mirror.


Question: Is it okay to feel upset when you have type 2 diabetes?

Answer: You'll be more motivated on some days than others. You'll also wonder how it's going. It's natural for negative thoughts to creep in once in a while. You can counter them whenever they strike. It takes practice to turn your inner voice into your friend instead of your critic.