Question: What are the symptoms of vaginal cysts?

Answer: If you have one of these cysts, you might feel a small lump along the vaginal wall or on the lips. Often, your gynecologist will discover the lump during your annual exam. The cyst might stay the same size or grow larger. The cyst shouldn't be painful. However, some larger cysts -- especially Bartholin's gland cysts -- can cause discomfort when you walk, have sex, or insert a tampon. Vaginal cysts usually don't need to be treated.


Question: How do you drain vaginal cysts?

Answer: You might need to have a biopsy of the cyst to rule out cancer. During a biopsy, your health care provider removes a piece of tissue from the cyst. You could also have a procedure called marsupialization in which a small incision is made in the cyst to drain the fluid and then the edges of the incision are sutured to the sides of the incision.


Question: How do you treat vaginal cysts?

Answer: They're not usually harmful or painful. Vaginal cysts usually don't cause symptoms. You might need to have a biopsy of the cyst to rule out cancer. During a biopsy, your health care provider removes a piece of tissue from the cyst. That piece of tissue is examined under a microscope to see if it is cancerous.


Question: What do I need to do if my dog has a high fever temperature greater than 103 F?

Answer: If your dog has a temperature greater than 103 F, you should call your veterinarian. Fevers above 106 F are emergencies that must be treated promptly.


Question: What do I need to do if my dog has a high fever temperature above 105 F?

Answer: If your dog has a temperature above 105 F, you can help bring his body temperature down by applying cool water to his fur, especially around the ears and feet. Using a fan on the damp fur will help lower the temperature. Be sure to monitor your dog’s rectal temperature as you do this, and stop the cooling procedure once it reaches 103 F. You don’t want to bring down the temperature too fast. If your dog has a fever, try to see that he drinks small amounts of water on a regular basis to stay hydrated, but don’t force it. And never give your dog any human medicines intended to lower fever, such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen, as they can be poisonous to dogs and cause severe injury or death.


Question: What is hyperthermia or heat stroke in dogs?

Answer: The normal body temperature for dogs is between 101 and 102.5 F, compared to 97.6 to 99.6 F for humans. When dogs have high temperatures that are the result of hot external temperatures or excessive exercise in humid conditions, the condition is referred to as hyperthermia or heat stroke. When temperatures reach 106 F, serious and fatal complications can occur.


Question: What illnesses or conditions can give your dog a high fever?

Answer: Infection may be anywhere in the body, such as the lungs (pneumonia), the kidneys (pyelonephritis), the brain (encephalitis), or even the skin. Some infections, such as fungal diseases, can affect several areas of the body at the same time. Vaccination. A low-grade fever for 24 to 48 hours after vaccination is not uncommon and results from the interaction between the injection and the dog’s immune system. Toxins. Consuming substances that are poisonous to dogs, including macadamia nuts and some human antidepressants, can result in increased body temperature. If your dog has a temperature greater than 103 F, you should call your veterinarian.


Question: How can I check if my dogs has a high fever?

Answer: A temperature of more than 103 F is considered a dog fever, although it can be 103 if a dog is very excited or stressed. Although there are no definite signs, some symptoms that might indicate illness and fever in dogs include: Lethargy Depressed mood Shivering Loss of appetite Vomiting Coughing Nasal discharge The only accurate way to tell if your dog has an increased body temperature is to take his rectal temperature. Experts recommend using a digital thermometer specifically designed for rectal use in dogs. Most thermometers intended for use in human ears do not work well for this purpose. To take your dog’s temperature, first coat the thermometer with a lubricant such as petroleum gel or baby oil. Next, gently insert the thermometer about one inch into your dog’s anus and wait for results.


Question: Do genetics cause generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)?

Answer: Genetics: Some research suggests that family history plays a part in increasing the likelihood that a person will develop GAD. This means that the tendency to develop GAD may be passed on in families.


Question: Does brain chemistry cause generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)?

Answer: Brain chemistry: GAD has been associated with abnormal functioning of certain nerve cell pathways that connect particular brain regions involved in thinking and emotion. These nerve cell connections depend on chemicals called neurotransmitters that transmit information from one nerve cell to the next. If the pathways that connect particular brain regions do not run efficiently, problems related to mood or anxiety may result.


Question: What are the symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder?

Answer: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } GAD affects the way a person thinks, but the anxiety can lead to physical symptoms, as well. Symptoms of GAD can include: Excessive, ongoing worry and tension An unrealistic view of problems Restlessness or a feeling of being "edgy" Irritability Muscle tension Headaches Sweating Difficulty concentrating Nausea The need to go to the bathroom frequently Tiredness Trouble falling or staying asleep Trembling Being easily startled In addition, people with GAD often have other anxiety disorders (such as panic disorder or phobias), obsessive-compulsive disorder, clinical depression, or additional problems with drug or alcohol misuse.


Question: Can people with generalized anxiety disorders have other disorders?

Answer: Symptoms of GAD can include: Excessive, ongoing worry and tension An unrealistic view of problems Restlessness or a feeling of being "edgy" Irritability Muscle tension Headaches Sweating Difficulty concentrating Nausea The need to go to the bathroom frequently Tiredness Trouble falling or staying asleep Trembling Being easily startled In addition, people with GAD often have other anxiety disorders (such as panic disorder or phobias), obsessive-compulsive disorder, clinical depression, or additional problems with drug or alcohol misuse.


Question: Are there side effects of generalized anxiety disorder treatment?

Answer: Dependency on sedative-hypnotic medications (benzodiazepines) is a potential complication of treatment if those medications are used on an ongoing basis. Side effects of antidepressants that treat GAD vary by specific drug and the person taking them. Common side effects can include sleepiness, weight gain, nausea, and sexual problems.


Question: Do environmental factors cause generalized anxiety disorder?

Answer: Environmental factors: Trauma and stressful events, such as abuse, the death of a loved one, divorce, changing jobs or schools, may contribute to GAD. GAD also may become worse during periods of stress. The use of and withdrawal from addictive substances, including alcohol, caffeine, and nicotine, can also worsen anxiety.


Question: How does cognitive-behavioral therapy treat generalized anxiety disorder?

Answer: Cognitive-behavioral therapy: People suffering from anxiety disorders often participate in this type of therapy, in which you learn to recognize and change thought patterns and behaviors that lead to anxious feelings. This type of therapy helps limit distorted thinking by looking at worries more realistically.


Question: Can you prevent generalized anxiety disorder?

Answer: It most often begins in childhood or adolescence, but can begin in adulthood. However, there are some things that you can do to control or lessen symptoms, including: Stop or reduce your consumption of products that contain caffeine, such as coffee, tea, cola, and chocolate. Ask your doctor or pharmacist before taking any over-the-counter drugs or herbal remedies. Many contain chemicals that can increase anxiety symptoms. Exercise daily and eat a healthy, balanced diet. Seek counseling and support after a traumatic or disturbing experience. Practice stress management techniques like yoga or meditation.


Question: What are the main types of cardiomyopathy?

Answer: There are three main types of cardiomyopathy: Dilated cardiomyopathy Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy Ischemic cardiomyopathy Restrictive cardiomyopathy


Question: What is cardiomyopathy?

Answer: Cardiomyopathy, or heart muscle disease, is a type of progressive heart disease in which the heart is abnormally enlarged, thickened, and/or stiffened. As a result, the heart muscle's ability to pump blood is less efficient, often causing heart failure and the backup of blood into the lungs or rest of the body. The disease can also cause abnormal heart rhythms.


Question: Are there side effects of the nasal spray flu vaccine?

Answer: Adults could have a runny nose, headache, sore throat, and cough. But grownups don't usually have a fever. Just like the shot, the spray will not cause the flu.


Question: How does the nasal spray flu vaccine work?

Answer: The spray causes your immune system to make proteins in your blood and in your nose that help you fight the virus. Your nose is where the flu virus normally enters your body.


Question: Which people should not get the nasal spray flu vaccine?

Answer: These people should not get nasal spray vaccine: Pregnant women Children under 2 years old Adults 50 or older Children under 5 who wheeze or have asthma Children or teens who take aspirin Anyone with allergies to the flu vaccine of any of its ingredients People with chronic heart or lung disease, like asthma or restrictive airways disease Those who have diabetes or kidney failure Anyone with a weakened immune system People who've had Guillain- Barre syndrome, a rare nervous system problem, within 6 weeks of getting a flu vaccine Yes.


Question: Is the nasal spray flu vaccine safe for everyone?

Answer: The CDC says it's OK to get it if you're healthy, between the ages 2 to 49, and not pregnant. Adults should get one dose of the vaccine per year. Kids 2 to 9 who are getting their first flu vaccine will need a second dose 4 weeks later. The first isn't enough to prevent the flu -- two doses will. Every year after that, your child will need only one dose.


Question: How do you take the nasal spray flu vaccine?

Answer: No. The CDC says it's OK to get it if you're healthy, between the ages 2 to 49, and not pregnant.


Question: How can I support my joints during a flare-up of rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: Use your strongest muscles and larger joints when possible. For example, lean into a door to open it and hook your grocery bag over your forearm instead of holding it in your fingers. Braces, wraps, or splints can support weak, sore joints. Wear flat, supportive shoes.


Question: How can I relieve stress or anxiety during a flare-up of rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: Stress and anxiety can make your symptoms worse. Deep breathing exercises, guided imagery, yoga, tai chi, hypnosis, visualization, or muscle relaxation can help control your pain. You can also relieve stress by talking with a friend, taking part in a support group, writing in a journal, or engaging in a relaxing hobby. A massage or acupuncture can help ease pain and stress.


Question: What should I stay away from during a flare-up of rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: Stress and anxiety can make your symptoms worse.


Question: Should I use heat packs if I have a flare of rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: Try heating pads, warm baths, or hot compresses.


Question: What foods should I eat during a flare-up of rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: Cold-water fish (like salmon) are rich in omega-3 fatty acids, which have been shown to fight inflammation. It may help if you eat small amounts several times a day rather than big meals.


Question: Can I lose my appetite during a flare-up of rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: During a flare, you may lose your appetite. And you may not have the energy to prepare meals. But it's important to eat a balanced, nutritious diet even -- and especially -- when you feel poorly. Your body needs fuel to heal.


Question: How can I balance activity and rest during a flare-up of rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: At the height of your flare, you may need complete bed rest. Your body may not give you any choice. But try not to stay in bed for more than a day or two. Spending too much time lying on the bed or sofa will make you stiff and increase your pain. Once you start to feel a bit better, get up, stretch, go for a walk, and continue with as many of your usual activities as possible. You may need to cut back on your work, exercise, and social activities, but don't abandon them. Take breaks when you get tired.


Question: What can raise the chances of depression in the elderly?

Answer: Factors that increase the risk of depression in the elderly include: Being female Being single, unmarried, divorced, or widowed Lack of a supportive social network Stressful life events Physical conditions like stroke, hypertension, atrial fibrillation, diabetes, cancer, dementia, and chronic pain further increase the risk of depression.


Question: How can brain scans help diagnose depression in the elderly?

Answer: Additionally, the following risk factors for depression are often seen in the elderly: Certain medicines or combination of medicines Damage to body image (from amputation, cancer surgery, or heart attack) Family history of major depressive disorder Fear of death Living alone, social isolation Other illnesses Past suicide attempt(s) Presence of chronic or severe pain Previous history of depression Recent loss of a loved one Substance abuse Brain scans of people who develop their first depression in old age often reveal spots in the brain that may not be receiving adequate blood flow, believed to result from years of high blood pressure.


Question: How is electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) used in treating depression in the elderly?

Answer: When older patients are unable to take traditional antidepressant medicines because of side effects or interactions with other medications, when depression is very severe and interferes with basic daily functioning (such as eating, bathing and grooming), or when risk for suicide is especially high, ECT is often a safe and effective treatment option.


Question: Why is depression common among the elderly?

Answer: In addition, advancing age is often accompanied by loss of social support systems due to the death of a spouse or siblings, retirement, or relocation of residence. Because of changes in an elderly person's circumstances and the fact that elderly people are expected to slow down, doctors and family may miss the signs of depression. As a result, effective treatment often gets delayed, forcing many elderly people to struggle unnecessarily with depression.


Question: Is depression different for the elderly?

Answer: In the elderly, depression often occurs with other medical illnesses and disabilities and lasts longer. Depression in the elderly is associated with an increased risk of cardiac diseases and an increased risk of death from illness. At the same time, depression reduces an elderly person's ability to rehabilitate. Studies of nursing home patients with physical illnesses have shown that the presence of depression substantially increases the likelihood of death from those illnesses. Depression also has been associated with increased risk of death following a heart attack.


Question: Is insomnia tied to depression in the elderly?

Answer: New studies reveal that insomnia is also a risk factor for depression onset and recurrence -- particularly in the elderly. To treat insomnia, experts sometimes recommend avoiding or minimizing exposure to benzodiazepines (such as Ativan, Klonopin or Xanax) or the newer "hypnotic" drugs (such as Ambien or Lunesta) that, according to the American Geriatric Society, pose an increased risk for impaired alertness, respiratory depression, and falls.


Question: Can depression be diagnosed in the elderly?

Answer: Doctors are encouraged to routinely screen for depression. This can happen during a visit for a chronic illness or at a wellness visit.


Question: What are hurdles that keep depression treatment from working for the elderly?

Answer: The stigma attached to mental illness and psychiatric treatment is even more powerful among the elderly than among younger people. This stigma can keep elderly people from acknowledging that they are depressed, even to themselves. Elderly people and their families sometimes also may wrongly misidentify depression symptoms as "normal" reactions to life stresses, losses, or the aging process.


Question: How can counseling help treat depression in the elderly?

Answer: It also is helpful for people who cannot take drugs because of side effects, interactions with other medicines, or other medical illnesses. And unhappy life events including the death of family or friends, poverty, and isolation may also affect the person's motivation to continue with treatment.


Question: What is the risk factors for nerve pain after shingles?

Answer: Researchers have long known that older people are more likely to get PHN, the nerve pain after shingles, but recent studies have found other factors that increase risks. In one study published in the journal Neurology, researchers -- including Dworkin -- looked at data from 965 people with shingles. The researchers identified five risk factors for developing PHN in people who had been recently diagnosed with shingles: Older Female Presence of symptoms before the rash appeared, like numbness, tingling, itching, or pain Severe pain during the illness's initial stages Severe rash Importantly, the researchers found the more risk factors you have, the greater the risk of developing PHN.


Question: How does shingles cause long-term pain?

Answer: Shingles, a viral infection of the nerve roots, affects 1 million people in the U. S each year. Most people recover from their bout, but for as many as 50% of those over age 60 who have not been treated, the pain doesn't go away. It can last for months, years, or even the rest of their lives. These people have what's called postherpetic neuralgia ( PHN), the result of the shingles virus damaging the nerves of the skin. In some cases, the pain is mild. In others, even the slightest touch -- from clothing or even a breeze -- can be excruciating. "


Question: What is the main cause of shingles?

Answer: Shingles is caused by the varicella-zoster virus, the virus that also causes chickenpox. In a person who has been exposed to chickenpox -- or its vaccine -- the virus never really goes away. It can lie dormant in the body's nerves.


Question: How long do shingles last?

Answer: For reasons that experts don't really understand, the pain of shingles lingers for some. If the pain lasts for at least 3 months after the shingles rash has healed, a person is diagnosed with PHN. In some people, the pain will subside. In others, it won't. "


Question: Is shingles is contagious?

Answer: Shingles is caused by the varicella-zoster virus, the virus that also causes chickenpox. In a person who has been exposed to chickenpox -- or its vaccine -- the virus never really goes away. Though people who haven't had chickenpox can catch that condition from you, the shingles itself isn't contagious.


Question: Can you test for an infection of brain-eating amoeba?

Answer: But researchers are working to develop one. Until such tests come along, it can take weeks to identify the amoeba.


Question: Who gets infected with brain-eating amoebas?

Answer: Over 60% of U. S. cases are in children age 13 or younger. About 80% of cases are in males. It's not at all clear whether children or males are more susceptible to the amoeba, or whether young males are more likely to engage in activities that expose them to the amoeba.


Question: How do brain-eating amoebas eat brains?

Answer: One study suggests that N. fowleri amoebas produce two proteases -- enzymes that dissolve protein.


Question: Can you treat a brain-eating amoeba infection?

Answer: A number of drugs kill N. fowleri amoebas in the test tube. But even when treated with these drugs, very few patients survive.


Question: Can you protect yourself against brain-eating amoebas?

Answer: It makes sense to avoid swimming underwater, diving, water skiing, and jumping in warm, still waters during the late summer. It also makes sense to wear a nose clip when swimming, boating, or playing in or on warm waters. It's also a good idea to avoid stirring up mud while taking part in such activities. And if you are cleansing your nostrils, be sure to fill your neti pot or squeeze bottle with distilled or sterile water -- not tap water. You can also use water that has been boiled for one minute (three minutes at high elevations) and then cooled. And you can filter the water using filters with pores no larger than 1 micron (1 micrometer).


Question: How do people get infected with a brain-eating amoeba?

Answer: The nose is the pathway of the amoeba, so infection occurs most often from diving, water skiing, or performing water sports in which water is forced into the nose. But infections have occurred in people who dunked their heads in hot springs or who cleaned their nostrils with neti pots filled with untreated tap water. A person infected with N. fowleri cannot spread the infection to another person.


Question: Where can you find brain-eating amoebas?

Answer: It can survive in water as hot as 113 degrees Fahrenheit. These amoebas can be found in warm places around the globe. N. fowleri is found in: Warm lakes, ponds, and rock pits Mud puddles Warm, slow-flowing rivers, especially those with low water levels Untreated swimming pools and spas Untreated well water or untreated municipal water Hot springs and other geothermal water sources Thermally polluted water, such as runoff from power plants Aquariums Soil, including indoor dust Naegleria can't live in salt water. It can't survive in properly treated swimming pools or in properly treated municipal water. Most cases of N. fowleri disease occur in Southern or Southwestern states. Over half of all infections have been in Florida and Texas.


Question: What are the symptoms of a brain-eating amoeba infection?

Answer: At first, PAM may seem like viral meningitis. Symptoms include: headache fever stiff neck loss of appetite vomiting altered mental state seizures coma There may also be hallucinations, drooping eyelid, blurred vision, and loss of the sense of taste.


Question: How often do people get infected by a brain-eating amoeba?

Answer: N. fowleri disease is known as primary amoebic meningoencephalitis ( PAM). It occurs from zero to eight times a year, almost always from July to September. A study in Virginia that looked at more than 16,000 autopsy records from patients who died of meningitis found five previously unreported cases of PAM. Studies show that many people may have antibodies to N. fowleri. That suggests that they became infected with the amoeba but that their immune systems fought it off. It's not at all clear whether N. fowleri is a rare infection that always causes PAM and is almost always fatal, or a more common infection that only sometimes causes PAM.


Question: What is a brain-eating amoeba?

Answer: Amoebas are single-celled organisms. The so-called brain-eating amoeba is a species discovered in 1965. It's formal name is Naegleria fowleri. Although first identified in Australia, this amoeba is believed to have evolved in the U. S. There are several species of Naegleria but only the fowleri species causes human disease. By comparison, a hair is 40 to 50 micrometers wide. When conditions are favorable, the cysts turn into trophozoites -- the feeding form of the amoeba. But brains are accidental food for them. According to the CDC, N. fowleri normally eats bacteria.


Question: How soon do you die after getting infected by a brain-eating amoeba?

Answer: It takes two to 15 days for symptoms to appear after N. fowleri amoebas enter the nose. Only a handful of patients worldwide have been reported to have survived an infection.


Question: How does zinc help treat ADHD?

Answer: Some studies suggest that children with ADHD may have lower levels of zinc in their body. And some scientists say kids with the disorder who took zinc supplements along with traditional ADHD treatment had an improvement in their symptoms. Several studies have shown a drop in hyperactivity and impulsivity with zinc supplements. The same research, though, reports no change in inattentiveness, which is another key symptom of ADHD. A 2005 study in the Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, though, did show a link between zinc levels and teacher- and parent-rated inattention in children.


Question: Can iron help treat ADHD?

Answer: Some studies, though, suggest that children with ADHD might not have enough iron. One theory is that supplementing with iron may improve symptoms of the disorder, but that hasn't been proven.


Question: Have there been studies done on the effects of fish oil on ADHD?

Answer: A specific supplement of fish oil and evening primrose oil was used in one study. The results showed improvements with hyperactivity, inattentiveness, ability to think clearly, and overall behavior in children with ADHD who were 7 to 12 years old.


Question: How do zinc supplements affect ADHD symptoms?

Answer: Several studies have shown a drop in hyperactivity and impulsivity with zinc supplements. The same research, though, reports no change in inattentiveness, which is another key symptom of ADHD. A 2005 study in the Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, though, did show a link between zinc levels and teacher- and parent-rated inattention in children.


Question: Does St. John's wort help ADHD?

Answer: This common herbal supplement might affect brain chemicals. It's used to treat depression, anxiety, and sleep disorders. But studies don't recommend using it to treat ADHD. Research shows that St. John's wort has no effect on the symptoms of the disorder.


Question: Do I need to check with my doctor if I am taking natural supplements for ADHD?

Answer: Also check with the doctor before you use any natural supplement. That includes mega-doses of vitamins or minerals. There's a chance they could do more harm than good, and they may cause problems with prescribed medications.


Question: What are other natural supplements that treat ADHD?

Answer: There's some evidence that certain natural supplements might help. A combo of American ginseng and Ginkgo leaf improved ADHD symptoms in children ages 3 to 17 in one study. More research is needed to confirm the finding, though.


Question: What foods should children or adults with ADHD eat to increase zinc levels?

Answer: Foods high in zinc include oysters and other seafood, red meat, poultry, dairy products, beans, nuts, whole grains, and fortified cereals.


Question: Which foods are high in zinc?

Answer: Foods high in zinc include oysters and other seafood, red meat, poultry, dairy products, beans, nuts, whole grains, and fortified cereals.


Question: Which fish are high in omega-3 fatty acids?

Answer: Foods high in zinc include oysters and other seafood, red meat, poultry, dairy products, beans, nuts, whole grains, and fortified cereals.


Question: How do zinc levels relate to ADHD in children?

Answer: Some studies suggest that children with ADHD may have lower levels of zinc in their body. And some scientists say kids with the disorder who took zinc supplements along with traditional ADHD treatment had an improvement in their symptoms.


Question: What are some natural or alternative treatments to ADHD?

Answer: Some ânaturalâ or alternative treatments might be unsafe, too. Certain ones can mix dangerously with prescription medicines. And don't assume that vitamins or supplements are safe just because they're billed as being ânatural.â Most don't have to be approved by the U. S. Food and Drug Administration ( FDA). Talk to your doctor about any alternative treatment before taking it.


Question: Is there a prescription-strength omega-3 supplement available for people with ADHD?

Answer: Research shows that St. John's wort has no effect on the symptoms of the disorder.


Question: Do children with ADHD need iron supplements?

Answer: Some studies, though, suggest that children with ADHD might not have enough iron. One theory is that supplementing with iron may improve symptoms of the disorder, but that hasn't been proven. Check with your doctor before you give your child any supplement. Taking too much iron, for instance, can be toxic -- even deadly.


Question: Can dietary supplements affect ADHD symptoms?

Answer: Some people think ADHD symptoms happen or get worse because of a lack of something in their diets.


Question: Does St. John's wort help treat ADHD?

Answer: This common herbal supplement might affect brain chemicals. It's used to treat depression, anxiety, and sleep disorders. But studies don't recommend using it to treat ADHD. Research shows that St. John's wort has no effect on the symptoms of the disorder.


Question: What kind of fish are high in omega-3s?

Answer: Foods high in zinc include oysters and other seafood, red meat, poultry, dairy products, beans, nuts, whole grains, and fortified cereals.


Question: Do dietary supplements or changes cause ADHD symptoms?

Answer: Some people think ADHD symptoms happen or get worse because of a lack of something in their diets. But the jury is still out on whether any dietary supplements can affect ADHD symptoms.


Question: Are alternative treatments for ADHD safe?

Answer: Some alternative treatments are safe, inexpensive, and easy to get -- but there might not be proof that they work. And none of these options are meant to replace proven ADHD treatments. Some ânaturalâ or alternative treatments might be unsafe, too. And don't assume that vitamins or supplements are safe just because they're billed as being ânatural.â Most don't have to be approved by the U. S. Food and Drug Administration ( FDA). Talk to your doctor about any alternative treatment before taking it. Here's what we know about certain supplements. Natural supplements like GABA and inositol aren't proven to help against symptoms either. Also check with the doctor before you use any natural supplement.


Question: What should you do if your child has a cold or flu and won't drink fluids?

Answer: If that happens, think of some tempting alternatives to a glass of water or juice: Popsicles. If possible, get ones that are sugar-free or made with real fruit juice, or make your own. Pedialyte comes in frozen pops, too. Gelatin. Use a cookie cutter to make fun shapes. Soups. The warmth may help break up congestion in your child's airways. Some studies also show that chicken soup -- your grandmother's home remedy -- really may fight inflammation and help with colds. Offer your child liquids in new, fun ways. Put a drink in a cup they don't usually use. Give him a straw. Pour some juice in a bowl and have him eat with a spoon. Try any tricks you can think of to make it more interesting.


Question: How much fluid does my kid need if they have a cold or flu?

Answer: It depends on his weight and age. Some experts say kids older than 1 need as many as 4 to 5 cups of fluid a day -- from both drinks and foods. If your child is older or weighs more, he'll need more fluid.


Question: What fluids will help your child when they have a cold or flu?

Answer: According to the experts, just about any fluids are good for your sick child. Try some of these: Water. Dilute it with water so your child gets less sugar. But if your child is dehydrated, fruit juice doesn't have the right mix of sugar and salt to treat it. Get an oral rehydration solution like Pedialyte instead. Decaffeinated tea. For anolder child, warm beverages are soothing and can help break up mucus. As long as he's older than 1 year old, add some honey to make his sore throat feel better and ease a cough. Milk. Despite what you may have heard, it's fine for kids with colds or flu. It won't cause mucus buildup.


Question: What are adenomas?

Answer: These are some of the most common types of benign tumors: Adenomas are benign tumors starting in the epithelial tissue of a gland or gland-like structure. The epithelial tissue is the thin layer of tissue covering organs, glands, and other structures. A common type of adenoma is a polyp in the colon. Adenomas might also grow in the liver or the adrenal, pituitary, or thyroid gland. If needed, adenomas can often be removed with surgery. Although not common, this type of tumor can become malignant. In the colon, less than 1 out of every 10 adenomas become cancerous.


Question: What are lipomas?

Answer: Lipomas grow from fat cells. They are the most common benign tumor in adults, often found in the neck, shoulders, back, or arms. Lipomas are slow growing, usually round and movable, and soft to the touch. They may run in families and sometimes they result from an injury. Treatment may be needed if a lipoma is painful or growing quickly. This may include steroid shots or removal through liposuction or surgery. Two other types of benign fat tumors are lipoblastomas, which occur in young children, and hibernomas.


Question: What are myomas?

Answer: Myomas are tumors that grow from muscle. Leiomyomas grow from smooth muscle, which is found in internal organs such as the stomach and uterus. They can start in the walls of blood vessels. In the wall of the uterus, leiomyomas are often called fibroids. A rare benign tumor of skeletal muscle is rhabdomyoma. These tumors may be simply watched. To address symptoms, they may be shrunk with medication or removed with surgery.


Question: What are neuromas?

Answer: Neuromas grow from nerves. Two other types of nerve tumors are neurofibromas and schwannomas. These benign nerve tumors can occur almost anywhere in nerves that run throughout the body. Neurofibromas are more common in people with an inherited condition called neurofibromatosis. Surgery is the most common type of treatment for benign nerve tumors.


Question: How are benign tumors treated?

Answer: A benign tumor is not a malignant tumor, which is cancer. But the growth of a benign tumor might be linked to: Environmental toxins, such as exposure to radiation Genetics Diet Stress Local trauma or injury Inflammation or infection In many cases, benign tumors need no treatment. Doctors may simply use "watchful waiting" to make sure they cause no problems. Other types of treatment may include medication or radiation. Surgery is the most common type of treatment for benign nerve tumors.


Question: What are benign tumors?

Answer: A benign tumor is not a malignant tumor, which is cancer. But benign tumors can be serious if they press on vital structures such as blood vessels or nerves. Therefore, sometimes they require treatment and other times they do not. Although not common, this type of tumor can become malignant. Sometimes it is necessary to remove a mole like this to check it for signs of cancer.


Question: What are osteochondromas?

Answer: Surgery is the most common type of treatment for benign nerve tumors. Often, the doctor will simply watch this benign tumor with X-rays. Surgery may be needed if the tumor causes symptoms such as pain or pressure on nerves or blood vessels.


Question: What are meningiomas?

Answer: In the colon, less than 1 out of every 10 adenomas become cancerous. Others grow more quickly. Treatment varies depending on the location of the meningioma and the symptoms it causes. Symptoms may include headache and weakness on one side, seizures, personality changes, and visual problems. Sometimes the doctor will choose to watch the tumor for a time. If surgery is needed, its success depends on your age, the location of the tumor, and whether it is attached to anything. Radiation treatment may be used for tumors that can't be removed. Myomas are tumors that grow from muscle.


Question: What are fibromas?

Answer: Fibroids commonly grow in the uterus. Although not cancerous, uterine fibroids can lead to heavy vaginal bleeding, bladder problems, or pelvic pain or pressure. Another type of fibrous tissue tumor is a desmoid tumor. These tumors can cause problems by growing into nearby tissues. Because they can cause symptoms, fibrous tissue tumors may need to be removed with surgery. Myomas are tumors that grow from muscle.


Question: How friendly is circuit training for beginners?

Answer: You can choose exercises that use your own body weight.


Question: How can I keep my circuit training interesting?

Answer: Or you can buy at-home equipment like dumbbells and resistance bands. If you're looking for a full-body workout in 30 minutes or less, circuit training does the trick. An instructor or trainer can work with you to find moves that will still get your heart pumping and tone your muscles.


Question: How does circuit training work?

Answer: Each station has a different exercise. You may do bicep curls or jump rope for 60 seconds. You'll do about 10-25 reps at each station, lasting between 30 seconds and 3 minutes, and then move on to the next station. An instructor or trainer can work with you to find moves that will still get your heart pumping and tone your muscles.


Question: How will my child's pediatrician help with ADHD?

Answer: Pediatrician The same doctor that takes care of your child's overall health can treat his ADHD, too. He'll map out an action plan that's based on guidelines from the American Academy of Pediatrics. If your child is 4 to 5 years old, that will likely mean behavior therapy. If he's 6 or older, medicine will also be part of it. Since other conditions sometimes tag along with ADHD, your pediatrician may also test your child for things like anxiety, depression, and learning disorders such as dyslexia.


Question: How can cognitive behavioral therapy help my child with ADHD?

Answer: It uses what your child's psychologist may call "mindfulness" techniques. To help your child improve his focus and concentration, he'll find out how to become aware and more accepting of his own thoughts and feelings.


Question: How can I support my child with ADHD at school?

Answer: School Support Team If ADHD gets in the way of your child's ability to learn, he may qualify for special accommodations under a law known as " Section 504." His teachers and other members of the school staff can help set up an agenda called a "504 plan." It will outline adjustments to the lesson plans for your child, specialized teaching techniques, behavior management methods, and beefed-up parent/teacher collaboration.


Question: How can a psychiatrist help my child with ADHD?

Answer: Psychiatrist He can prescribe and manage your kid's medication. Your pediatrician can do the same, of course, but a psychiatrist has the expertise to closely monitor the effects of different drugs. A psychiatrist can also help if your child has some other conditions that sometimes go along with ADHD, such as anxiety, mood disorders, seizures, and sleep problems.


Question: How can an occupational therapist help my child with ADHD?

Answer: He'll evaluate your child at home and school to figure out how his ADHD affects his ability to keep up with things like assignments and regular family life. Then he'll work with your kid to help him get organized and manage his time better.


Question: How will a psychiatrist help my child with ADHD?

Answer: Psychiatrist He can prescribe and manage your kid's medication. Your pediatrician can do the same, of course, but a psychiatrist has the expertise to closely monitor the effects of different drugs. A psychiatrist can also help if your child has some other conditions that sometimes go along with ADHD, such as anxiety, mood disorders, seizures, and sleep problems.


Question: How does behavioral therapy help a child with ADHD?

Answer: The goal is to help your child change some of the ways he acts. It might be helpful for some practical everyday things like trouble finishing schoolwork. Or the psychologist can show him how to work through emotionally tough events. This kind of therapy can also teach your child to monitor his behavior. He'll learn how to praise himself or give himself rewards when he controls his anger or thinks before acting.


Question: How can a pediatrician help my child with ADHD?

Answer: Pediatrician The same doctor that takes care of your child's overall health can treat his ADHD, too. He'll map out an action plan that's based on guidelines from the American Academy of Pediatrics. If your child is 4 to 5 years old, that will likely mean behavior therapy. If he's 6 or older, medicine will also be part of it. Since other conditions sometimes tag along with ADHD, your pediatrician may also test your child for things like anxiety, depression, and learning disorders such as dyslexia.


Question: How will a psychologist help my child with ADHD?

Answer: Psychologist He'll give your child tools to manage some of his behavior and emotional problems. He'll show him ways to control angry outbursts, for instance, or stay focused in the classroom. He may also teach your child social skills, like how to wait his turn, share toys, ask for help, or respond to teasing.


Question: How can behavioral therapy help my child with ADHD?

Answer: The goal is to help your child change some of the ways he acts. It might be helpful for some practical everyday things like trouble finishing schoolwork. Or the psychologist can show him how to work through emotionally tough events. This kind of therapy can also teach your child to monitor his behavior.


Question: How can a school support team help my child with ADHD?

Answer: School Support Team If ADHD gets in the way of your child's ability to learn, he may qualify for special accommodations under a law known as " Section 504." His teachers and other members of the school staff can help set up an agenda called a "504 plan." It will outline adjustments to the lesson plans for your child, specialized teaching techniques, behavior management methods, and beefed-up parent/teacher collaboration.


Question: How will an occupational therapist help my child with ADHD?

Answer: He'll evaluate your child at home and school to figure out how his ADHD affects his ability to keep up with things like assignments and regular family life. Then he'll work with your kid to help him get organized and manage his time better.


Question: What type of doctor should my child see for ADHD?

Answer: But a group of specialists will use behavior therapy, medicine, or a combo to let your child put his best foot forward. He'll show him ways to control angry outbursts, for instance, or stay focused in the classroom.


Question: How often do I need to see my doctor if I have an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD)?

Answer: Regular follow-up is important after an ICD implant. Your doctor will tell you how often you will need to have the ICD checked. During ICD checks, the doctor will determine if the ICD has detected or treated any abnormal heart rhythms and will check the ICD battery. These visits are very important. You will also need to see a cardiologist at least once a year.


Question: What is the card you get after you have an ICD implanted?

Answer: In about three months after the procedure, you will receive a permanent identification card with this information. It is important that you carry this card with you at all times in case you need medical attention.


Question: Can I use a cell phone if I have an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD)?

Answer: Cellular phones should be kept at least 6 inches from your ICD. Do not store cell phones in a pocket over the device.


Question: Who can get an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD)?

Answer: ICDs are used for: People who have had an episode of sudden cardiac arrest or ventricular fibrillation. People who have had a heart attack and are at high risk for sudden cardiac arrest. People who have hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and are at high risk for sudden cardiac arrest. People who have dilated cardiomyopathy with severely reduced heart function and are at high risk for sudden cardiac arrest. People who have had at least one episode of ventricular tachycardia, an abnormal heart rhythm.


Question: How should I prepare to get an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD)?

Answer: Your doctor may ask you to stop taking certain medications before the procedure. You will receive specific instructions. If you have diabetes, ask your doctor how you should adjust your diabetes medications. Do not eat or drink anything after midnight the evening before the procedure. If you must take medications, drink only with a sip of water. When you come to the hospital, wear comfortable clothes. You will change into a hospital gown for the procedure. Leave all jewelry and valuables at home.


Question: How do doctors implant an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD)?

Answer: The ICD may be implanted in two ways, but the endocardial (transvenous) approach is most common. A small incision is made under the collarbone. The lead is placed into a vein and guided inside your heart chamber. The generator is placed under skin in your upper chest and attached to the lead(s).


Question: How does antitachycardia pacing (ATP) of implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD) work?

Answer: When the heart beats too fast, a series of small electrical impulses are delivered to the heart muscle to restore a normal heart rate and rhythm.


Question: How does an ICD help treat abnormal heart rhythms?

Answer: An ICD is an electronic device that constantly monitors your heart rate and rhythm. When it detects a very fast, abnormal heart rhythm, it delivers energy to the heart muscle. This causes the heart to beat in a normal rhythm again.


Question: How long does an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) last?

Answer: A defibrillator lasts five to ten years, depending on how often it delivers a shock. When you need your ICD changed, you will be admitted to the hospital for the procedure. An incision is made above the ICD and the ICD is removed. The leads are tested. If the function of the leads is acceptable, they will be attached to a new generator. Otherwise, new leads may be inserted.


Question: What should I do if I get shocked by my implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD)?

Answer: If you get shocked by your ICD: Stay calm. Sit or lie down. Ask someone to stay with you. If you do not feel well after the shock, call your doctor or an ambulance (dial 911 in most areas). If you feel fine after the shock, you do not need to seek immediate medical attention. Call your doctor within 24 hours. If someone is touching you when the ICD fires, they may feel a tingling sensation; this is not harmful to them.


Question: What is a single-chamber implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD)?

Answer: A lead is attached in the right ventricle. If needed, energy is delivered to the ventricle to restore a normal heart rhythm.


Question: Can I use a microwave if I have an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD)?

Answer: Most electrical devices, such as microwave ovens, do not interfere with ICD function. You need to avoid strong electric or magnetic fields, such as some industrial equipment, MRI machines, high-output ham radios, high-intensity radio waves (found near large electrical generators, power plants, or radio frequency transmission towers), and arc or resistance welders. Stay at arm's length from less powerful electric or magnetic fields, such as large magnets, stereo speakers, airport security wands, and antennas used in ham or CB radios.


Question: What is bradycardia pacing for an implantabale cardioverter defibrillator (ICD)?

Answer: When the heart beats too slow, small electrical impulses stimulate the heart muscle to maintain a suitable heart rate.


Question: What is cardioversion?

Answer: A low-energy shock is delivered to restore a normal heart rhythm.


Question: When should I call a doctor about my implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD)?

Answer: Call your doctor if you notice: Unusual redness Swelling Drainage from the wound Fever Chills You will have a slight bulge under the skin where the generator is located.


Question: What does it feel like to have an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD)?

Answer: You may or may not be aware of when your ICD detects and corrects your heart rhythm. Often it depends on the type of therapy you receive. Pacing. You may or may not feel the impulses -- usually they are not detectable. Defibrillation. The shock feels like a kick in the chest but only lasts for a moment. Some patients describe the sensation as feeling like a shock from an electrical outlet.


Question: Are there any types of clothes you shouldn't wear after you get an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD)?

Answer: Call your doctor if you notice: Unusual redness Swelling Drainage from the wound Fever Chills You will have a slight bulge under the skin where the generator is located. It will not be noticeable under clothes. Avoid wearing tight fitting clothing so your incision will not be irritated.


Question: What happens right after you get an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD)?

Answer: You will normally be admitted to the hospital overnight after your ICD is implanted. The morning after your implant, you will have a chest X-ray to make sure the ICD leads are in the proper position and your ICD will be programmed to ensure it is functioning properly.


Question: What are dual-chamber implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD)?

Answer: Dual-chamber ICD. Leads are attached in the right atrium and the right ventricle. Energy can be delivered to the right atrium and then to the right ventricle, helping your heart to be paced in a normal sequence.


Question: What are the two parts of implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD)?

Answer: The lead(s) are made up of wires and sensors that monitor the heart rhythm and deliver energy used for pacing and/or defibrillation (see below for definitions). The generator houses the battery and a tiny computer. Energy is stored in the battery until it is needed. The computer receives information from the leads to determine how the heart is beating. The generator is placed under skin in your upper chest and attached to the lead(s).


Question: How should I care for the wound after implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD)?

Answer: The morning after your implant, you will have a chest X-ray to make sure the ICD leads are in the proper position and your ICD will be programmed to ensure it is functioning properly. It will take a few weeks to heal completely.


Question: When should I call my doctor about my implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD)?

Answer: If you have concerns about your job or activities, ask your doctor. You lose consciousness before receiving a shock. You have swelling, bleeding, redness, warmth, or drainage at the implant site. You have numbness or tingling of the arm closest to your ICD. Any part of the device or leads is visible or protruding through the skin. You have a fever or chills within 6 weeks to 8 weeks after the implant procedure.


Question: What activities should you avoid after getting an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD)?

Answer: You will receive specific instructions. This requires open-heart surgery. You have a fever or chills within 6 weeks to 8 weeks after the implant procedure.


Question: What should you know about breaking your nose?

Answer: When you've taken a blow to the nose and it's swollen and bleeding, you may wonder whether or not it's broken. If it is, your injury won't be unique. A broken nose (also called a nasal fracture) is the most common type of face injury. Noses stick out, so they're easy to break. It can happen in a car accident, during a sporting event, in a fistfight, or even during a clumsy encounter with a door. You might not be sure if it's broken.


Question: When should you see a doctor for a broken nose?

Answer: If you only have swelling and moderate pain, you may choose to wait to see your doctor. Your symptoms could improve, and you might get better on your own. But see your doctor if 3 to 5 days have passed and you notice any of the following: The pain and swelling aren't getting better. The swelling is gone, but your nose looks crooked. You have a hard time breathing, even after the swelling improves. You're having frequent nosebleeds. You have a fever.


Question: How is manual realignment done for a broken nose?

Answer: If your doctor decides your nose can be fixed without surgery, they'll have to do it within 1 to 2 weeks of your accident. If they wait any longer, the injury will begin to heal on its own, even if the bones are out of place. Your doctor will give you pain medication before the procedure. Then, they'll open your nostrils with a flat tool called a speculum. They'll use special instrument to align your broken bones and cartilage back in place. Your doctor will use packing inside your nose. They'll also put a dressing on the outside. That'll keep your nose in place while it heals. They may give you antibiotics to prevent infection.


Question: How can you reduce the swelling from a broken nose?

Answer: Reduce the Swelling Wrap an ice pack in a towel. Place it on your nose for 10 minutes, then remove for 10 minutes. Repeat. Don't put pressure on the ice pack -- you may hurt your nose. Put an ice pack or cold compress on your nose at least four times per day for the first 2 days after you get hurt.


Question: When is surgery needed for a broken nose?

Answer: Your doctor probably will choose this option if your nasal fracture is severe or has gone untreated for more than 2 weeks. The goal is to put your bones back in their proper place and reshape your nose, if necessary. You'll get pain medication for the procedure. You might also have to have nasal surgery to fix any breathing problems. In many cases, you can go home the day of surgery. But you may have to stay home for about a week due to swelling and bruising.


Question: How can you stop the bleeding from broken nose?

Answer: Do these things until you can get to a doctor: Stop the Bleeding Sit up -- don't lie down or lean back. Your nose needs to stay higher than your heart. Lean forward so that the blood won't run into the back of your throat. Pinch the soft part of your nose with your thumb and index finger, and hold it tightly for 5 minutes. If the bleeding hasn't stopped, pinch your nose again for 10 more minutes.


Question: What is the treatment for a broken nose?

Answer: Get emergency help if you have any of these things in addition to nose pain: A severe headache, neck pain, vomiting, or passing out Hard time breathing Bleeding that won't stop Clear, watery fluid draining from your nose If your doctor confirms that your nose is broken, they'll likely wait for the swelling to go down before deciding whether or not it needs to be fixed. If it does, they'll choose to fix it either with surgery or without. They'll know what's best, based on your injuries.


Question: How can you ease the pain from a broken nose?

Answer: Ease the Pain Take over-the-counter pain medicine as directed on the package (like acetaminophen or ibuprofen) as needed. Sleep with your head propped on extra pillows.


Question: What are the signs that I should be tested for diabetes?

Answer: If you experience symptoms of severe increased thirst, frequent urination, unexplained weight loss, increased hunger, tingling of your hands or feet -- your doctor may run a test for diabetes.


Question: What are the signs of type 2 diabetes in children?

Answer: Many children have no symptoms before they are diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Most of the time, diabetes is discovered when a blood or urine test taken for other health problems shows diabetes.


Question: When should you talk to your doctor about your child's risk for diabetes?

Answer: Talk to your doctor about your child's risk for diabetes. If your child's blood sugar tests are higher than normal, but not yet at the level of diabetes (called prediabetes), your doctor may instruct you in specific diet and exercise changes to help your child avoid getting diabetes altogether. Children with type 2 diabetes or prediabetes are almost always overweight or obese.


Question: How can the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes be confirmed?

Answer: To confirm the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes, your doctor will order a fasting plasma glucose test or a casual plasma glucose.


Question: What levels on a casual plasma glucose test indicate diabetes ?

Answer: The Hb A1c level can also be used to diagnose diabetes if a value of equal to or greater than 6.5% is found.


Question: What do the results of the blood glucose test mean for your diabetes?

Answer: Normal fasting blood glucose -- or blood sugar -- is between 70 and 100 milligrams per deciliter or mg/d L for people who do not have diabetes. The standard diagnosis of diabetes is made when two separate blood tests show that your fasting blood glucose level is greater than or equal to 126 mg/d L. However, if you have normal fasting blood sugar, but you have risk factors for diabetes or symptoms of diabetes, your doctor may decide to do a glucose tolerance test (see below) to be sure that you do not have diabetes. Some people have a normal fasting blood sugar reading, but their blood sugar rapidly rises as they eat. These people may have impaired glucose tolerance. If their blood sugar levels are high enough, they may be diagnosed with diabetes.


Question: What do the results of the blood glucose test mean?

Answer: Normal fasting blood glucose -- or blood sugar -- is between 70 and 100 milligrams per deciliter or mg/d L for people who do not have diabetes. The standard diagnosis of diabetes is made when two separate blood tests show that your fasting blood glucose level is greater than or equal to 126 mg/d L. However, if you have normal fasting blood sugar, but you have risk factors for diabetes or symptoms of diabetes, your doctor may decide to do a glucose tolerance test (see below) to be sure that you do not have diabetes.


Question: What is the fasting plasma glucose test?

Answer: The fasting plasma glucose test ( FPG) is the preferred method for diagnosing diabetes, because it is easy to do, convenient, and less expensive than other tests, according to the American Diabetes Association.


Question: If my fasting blood glucose is normal, can I still be tested for diabetes?

Answer: The standard diagnosis of diabetes is made when two separate blood tests show that your fasting blood glucose level is greater than or equal to 126 mg/d L. However, if you have normal fasting blood sugar, but you have risk factors for diabetes or symptoms of diabetes, your doctor may decide to do a glucose tolerance test (see below) to be sure that you do not have diabetes.


Question: How do you prepare for the blood glucose test for diabetes?

Answer: Before taking the blood glucose test, you will not be allowed to eat anything for at least eight hours.


Question: How is diabetes diagnosed in children?

Answer: Many children have no symptoms before they are diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Most of the time, diabetes is discovered when a blood or urine test taken for other health problems shows diabetes.


Question: What is the casual plasma glucose test for diabetes?

Answer: To confirm the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes, your doctor will order a fasting plasma glucose test or a casual plasma glucose. The fasting plasma glucose test ( FPG) is the preferred method for diagnosing diabetes, because it is easy to do, convenient, and less expensive than other tests, according to the American Diabetes Association. Before taking the blood glucose test, you will not be allowed to eat anything for at least eight hours.


Question: How many people have diabetes in the U.S.?

Answer: According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, some 29 million children and adults in the U. S., or over 9% of the population, have diabetes today. Yet, millions of Americans are unaware that they have diabetes, because there may be no warning signs.


Question: How do I prepare for the blood glucose test?

Answer: Before taking the blood glucose test, you will not be allowed to eat anything for at least eight hours.


Question: What is the oral glucose tolerance test for diabetes?

Answer: The standard diagnosis of diabetes is made when two separate blood tests show that your fasting blood glucose level is greater than or equal to 126 mg/d L. However, if you have normal fasting blood sugar, but you have risk factors for diabetes or symptoms of diabetes, your doctor may decide to do a glucose tolerance test (see below) to be sure that you do not have diabetes. The oral glucose tolerance test is yet another method used to detect diabetes, but it is usually only done during pregnancy to diagnose gestational diabetes or for someone who is suspected of having type 2 diabetes yet has a normal fasting glucose level. It can also be performed to diagnose prediabetes.


Question: What questions should I ask my doctor about ADHD?

Answer: Questions include: Could it be something else that has similar symptoms? What could have caused it? Is medication necessary? Are there other treatments? How do the drugs work? What are the side effects? Do people outgrow ADHD? How will we know if we no longer need ADHD medication? How often do I (or my child) need to see a doctor?


Question: Can probiotics help with digestive problems linked to fibromyalgia?

Answer: Probiotics are dietary supplements that contain potentially beneficial bacteria or yeasts. They may assist with the breakdown and proper absorption of food and help improve digestion. Some of the ways probiotics are used include: treating diarrhea preventing and treating infections of the female genital tract treating irritable bowel syndrome Side effects of taking probiotics are usually mild and include gas or bloating.


Question: Does L-carnitine help improve fibromyalgia symptoms?

Answer: If you want to take a natural approach to treating fibromyalgia, it's important to learn as much as you can about the therapies you consider. The studies are limited, but it's thought that L-carnitine may give some relief from fatigue in people with fibromyalgia. Some researchers have also concluded that while more studies are warranted, L-carnitine may provide support for the muscular system of patients with fibromyalgia.


Question: Can negative thoughts and moods be symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?

Answer: You may: Be down on yourself, other people, or the world Feel detached from other people, hopeless, or emotionally numb Changes in emotional and physical reactions.


Question: What kind of help is available for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression?

Answer: Prescription medicines and talk therapy can work well. Some treatments can help with depression and PTSD at the same time. For example, a counselor can help you let go of negative thoughts and habits, and put positive ones in their place. If you feel so low that you think about killing yourself, get help right away. Call a doctor or counselor, or talk to a loved one or minister. If you or someone near you might be in immediate danger, call 911 or a crisis line right away. You can reach the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline at 800-273- TALK (800-273-8255).


Question: Can changes in emotional and physical reactions be symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?

Answer: You could: Be easily startled or frightened, or you might always be on guard for danger Do self-destructive things, like drinking too much alcohol or driving too fast Have trouble sleeping or concentrating If your symptoms go on for longer than 4 weeks, cause you a lot of distress, or get in the way of your home life or work, you may have posttraumatic stress.


Question: Do some people with posttraumatic stress disorder avoid people or things that are linked to their PTSD?

Answer: You might: Try to keep from thinking or talking about what happened Stay away from people, places, or activities that remind you of it Negative thoughts and moods.


Question: Can unwanted memories be a symptom of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?

Answer: You might: Keep remembering what happened, even though that upsets you Have flashbacks, like you're reliving it Have an emotional or physical reaction when something reminds you of it Avoidance.


Question: How often can you have a bout of depression?

Answer: It's just part of life. Or they might not come for years.


Question: What are the symptoms of hepatitis A?

Answer: You don't always get symptoms, but when you do, you might have: Jaundice (yellow eyes and skin, dark urine) Pain in your belly Loss of appetite Nausea Fever Diarrhea Fatigue Children often have the disease with few symptoms.


Question: Is there a hepatitis A vaccine?

Answer: Vaccination is recommended for: Travelers to areas of the world with higher hepatitis A infection Infants aged 6 to 11 months who are traveling internationally Men who have sex with other men Those with a blood clotting problem People who inject illegal drugs Anyone with long-term liver disease The vaccine is given in 3 separate doses.


Question: Who gets hepatitis A?

Answer: Hepatitis transmission can also happen if you: Eat fruits, vegetables, or other foods that were contaminated during handling Eat raw shellfish harvested from water that's got the virus in it Swallow contaminated ice You could be at risk for the disease if you: Live with or have sex with someone who's infected Travel to countries where hepatitis A is common People who are also at risk are: Men who have sex with men People who inject illegal drugs Kids in child care and their teachers Your doctor will suspect hepatitis if you have the symptoms above and you have high levels of liver enzymes when he tests your blood.


Question: Are there any long-term effects of hepatitis A?

Answer: Usually the virus doesn't cause any long-term problems or complications. But according to the CDC, 10% to 15% of people with hepatitis A will have symptoms that last a long time or come back over a 6- to 9-month period. In rare situations, some people may have liver failure or need a transplant.


Question: Can you prevent hepatitis A?

Answer: He'll also do tests that check how well your liver is working to be sure your body is healing. If you come in contact with someone with hepatitis A, you can get an immune globulin shot within 2 weeks. Good hygiene is also important. Always wash your hands with soap and water after using the bathroom, before and after handling food, and after changing a diaper.


Question: Who is more likely to get high blood pressure?

Answer: High blood pressure is more likely in people with a family history of high blood pressure, heart disease, or diabetes. It's also more common in people who are: African- American Older than 55 Overweight Inactive Heavy alcohol drinkers Smokers If you eat foods high in salt, or use medications like NSAIDs (such as ibuprofen and aspirin), decongestants, and illicit drugs such as cocaine, you also have a higher chance of getting high blood pressure.


Question: What is high blood pressure?

Answer: Also known as hypertension, high blood pressure is the most common cardiovascular disease. Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against your artery walls as it goes through your body. Like air in a tire or water in a hose, blood fills your arteries to a point. Just as too much air pressure can damage a tire, or too much water pushing through a garden hose can damage the hose, high blood pressure can hurt your arteries and lead to life-threatening conditions like heart disease and stroke.


Question: What can happen if high blood pressure is untreated?

Answer: Left untreated, hypertension can lead to serious problems, such as: Vision problems Heart attack Stroke Kidney failure Heart failure Critically ill patients who have very high blood pressure may have "malignant hypertension."


Question: What plays a role in essential high blood pressure?

Answer: In the U. S. alone, about 30% of adults have high blood pressure. High blood pressure is more likely in people with a family history of high blood pressure, heart disease, or diabetes. Diet and lifestyle also play a big role in essential hypertension. The link between salt and high blood pressure is especially noteworthy. People living on the northern islands of Japan eat more salt than anyone else in the world. They're also most likely to get hypertension. Many people with high blood pressure are "salt sensitive." That means anything more a minimal amount will raise their blood pressure.


Question: What blood pressure readings are too high?

Answer: If yours is 180/120 or higher, get medical attention right away. Your doctor could also tell you that you have something called prehypertension. That's when your BP is just a bit higher than 120/less than 80. Many people with high blood pressure are "salt sensitive."


Question: What is essential high blood pressure?

Answer: That's the force in the arteries when the heart beats. This is essential hypertension.


Question: How do you know if a low-carb diet is right for you?

Answer: If you're considering a high-protein diet, check with your doctor or a nutritionist to see if it's OK for you. They can help you come up with a plan that will make sure you're getting enough fruits and vegetables, and that you're getting lean protein foods. Remember, weight loss that lasts is usually based on changes you can live with for a long time, not a temporary diet.


Question: What are high-protein, low-carb diets?

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Question: What are the risks of high protein, low carb diets?

Answer: High-protein, low-carbohydrate diets, like The Atkins Diet, have been widely promoted as effective weight loss plans. High cholesterol. Some protein sources -- like fatty cuts of meat, whole dairy products, and other high-fat foods -- can raise cholesterol, increasing your chance of heart disease. However, studies showed that people on the Atkins diet for up to 2 years actually had decreased âbadâ cholesterol levels. Kidney problems. If you have any kidney problems, eating too much protein puts added strain on your kidneys. This could worsen kidney function. Osteoporosis and kidney stones. When you're on a high-protein diet, you may urinate more calcium than normal. There are conflicting reports, but some experts think this could make osteoporosis and kidney stones more likely.


Question: Who shouldn't take diuretics (water pills) for high blood pressure?

Answer: Some diuretics are sulfa drugs, so they could cause a reaction if you're allergic. Older people tend to have more side effects such as fainting and dizziness from dehydration. You'll need to work closely with your doctor. Diuretics aren't recommended for women who are pregnant or breastfeeding. We don't know how these drugs affect an unborn baby. But potassium-sparing diuretics can cause low levels of calcium, which could hurt bone development.


Question: What are the side effects of diuretics (water pills) for high blood pressure?

Answer: If you only need one dose a day, you might want to take your diuretic in the morning so you can sleep through the night instead of getting up to go to the bathroom. You also run the risk of getting dehydrated, and simply drinking more fluids may not be enough. Call your doctor if you're very thirsty or have a very dry mouth, your pee is a deep yellow, you aren't peeing much or get constipated, or you have a bad headache. You may feel dizzy or lightheaded, especially when you stand up, if your blood pressure has dropped too low, or you're getting dehydrated. Your blood chemistry can get thrown off. You could have too little or too much sodium or potassium in your system. This can make you tired or weak or give you muscle cramps or a headache. It's rare, but your heart may speed up (over 100 beats a minute) or you might start throwing up because of a dangerously low potassium level. Diuretics may make it harder for you to control your blood sugar, which can lead to diabetes if you don't already have it. You might be more likely to get gout. Taking combination pills or multiple medicines could boost these side effects. To help lower those odds, ask your doctor when during the day you should take each medication.


Question: What are diuretics (water pills) for high blood pressure?

Answer: Because you have less total fluid in your blood vessels, like a garden hose that's not turned on all the way, the pressure inside will be lower. This also makes it easier for your heart to pump. !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } They're usually the first type of medication that your doctor will try to control your blood pressure. She may want to regularly check your blood pressure as well as test your blood and pee for levels of specific minerals and to see how well your kidneys are working.


Question: What are the three treatment options for tuberculosis?

Answer: These are the three treatment options: Isoniazid ( INH): This is the most common therapy for latent TB. You typically take an isoniazid antibiotic pill daily for 9 months. Rifampin ( Rifadin, Rimactane): You take this antibiotic each day for 4 months. It's an option if you have side effects or contraindications to INH. Isoniazid and rifapentine: You take both of these antibiotics once a week for 3 months under your doctor's supervision.


Question: What is the treatment for drug-resistant tuberculosis?

Answer: If several types of medications don't do the job, you have what doctors call âmultidrug-resistant TB.â You'll need to take a combination of medications for 20 to 30 months. They include: Antibiotics called fluoroquinolones An injectable antibiotic, such as amikacin ( Amikin), capreomycin ( Capastat), and kanamycin Newer antibiotic treatments, such as bedaquiline ( Sirturo), ethionamide ( Trecator), and para-amino salicylic acid. These are given in addition to other medications. The new drug Pretomanid is used in conjunction with bedaquiline and linezolid. Scientists are still studying these medicines. A rare and serious type of the disease is called "extensively drug-resistant TB." This means that many of the common medications -- including isoniazid, rifampin, fluoroquinolones, and at least one of the antibiotics that are injected -- don't knock it out. Research shows that it can be cured around 30% to 50% of the time.


Question: What are the treatment medications for active tuberculosis?

Answer: If you have this form of the disease, you'll need to take a number of antibiotics for 6 to 9 months. These four medications are most commonly used to treat it: Ethambutol ( Myambutal) Isoniazid Pyrazinamide Rifampin Your doctor may order a test that shows which antibiotics will kill the TB strain. Based on the results, you'll take three or four medications for 2 months. Afterward, you'll take two medications for 4 to 7 months. You'll probably start to feel better after a few weeks of treatment. But only a doctor can tell you if you're still contagious. If you're not, you may be able to go back to your daily routine.


Question: What are side effects for treatments of tuberculosis?

Answer: Tell your doctor right away if you have any of the following symptoms: Fever for 3 or more days Pain in the lower abdomen Itchiness or a rash Nausea, vomiting, or no appetite Yellowish skin or eyes Dark or brown urine Tingling, burning, or numbness of the hands and feet Fatigue Easy bruising or bleeding Dizziness It's important to take every dose of your antibiotics.


Question: What are the two types of tuberculosis?

Answer: There are two types of TB -- latent and active. Depending on your risk factors, latent TB can re-activate and cause an active infection. That's why your doctor might prescribe medication to kill the inactive bacteria -- just in case.


Question: How is tuberculosis treated?

Answer: What medications you take and how long you'll have to take them depends on which works to eradicate your TB. Sometimes, antibiotics used to treat the disease don't work. Doctors call this "drug-resistant" TB. If you have this form of the disease, you may need to take stronger medications for longer. That's why your doctor might prescribe medication to kill the inactive bacteria -- just in case. These are the three treatment options: Isoniazid ( INH): This is the most common therapy for latent TB. If you have this form of the disease, you'll need to take a number of antibiotics for 6 to 9 months.


Question: How do you prevent the spread of tuberculosis?

Answer: If you have this form of the disease, you'll need to take a number of antibiotics for 6 to 9 months. But only a doctor can tell you if you're still contagious. If you have active TB of the lungs, you can infect other people. Or your health care provider may admit you to the hospital until TB germs are no longer expelled in your cough. You may be hospitalized for a longer period if you cannot reliably take your medications, do not have stable housing, or have a multidrug resistant strain of TB. The goal is to prevent the spread of the disease.


Question: What are resources for dementia caregivers?

Answer: But the course dementia takes can vary widely from person to person. The Alzheimer's Association (800-272-3900) will refer you to your local chapter for information, resources, and their hands-on caregiver training workshops. "


Question: How soon do you get symptoms of fish-handler's disease?

Answer: The disease generally develops 2-7 days after injury to the skin and subsequent bacterial infection. A sharply defined, red-purple circular area appears and surrounds the puncture. The area of injury increases in diameter by about one-half inch per day. Pain, burning, itching, and swelling at the infection site; joint stiffness; and lymph node swelling accompany the infection.


Question: How is fish-handler's disease treated?

Answer: All wounds require immediate cleansing with fresh tap water. Gently scrub the wound with soap and water to remove any foreign material. After cleansing, a topical antibiotic ointment (for example, bacitracin) should be applied 3-4 times per day.


Question: What are risk factors for type 2 diabetes other than genetics?

Answer: Other type 2 diabetes risk factors include the following: High blood pressure High blood triglyceride (fat) levels Gestational diabetes or giving birth to a baby weighing more than 9 pounds High-fat and carbohydrate diet High alcohol intake Sedentary lifestyle Obesity or being overweight Ethnicity: Certain groups, such as African Americans, Native Americans, Hispanic Americans, and Asian Americans, have a greater risk of developing type 2 diabetes than non- Hispanic whites. Aging: Increasing age is a significant risk factor for type 2 diabetes.


Question: Is type 2 diabetes genetic?

Answer: Several genes may be related to type 2 diabetes. If you have any of the following risk factors, it's important to ask your doctor about a diabetes test.


Question: What are the health risk factors for type 2 diabetes?

Answer: Other type 2 diabetes risk factors include the following: High blood pressure High blood triglyceride (fat) levels Gestational diabetes or giving birth to a baby weighing more than 9 pounds High-fat and carbohydrate diet High alcohol intake Sedentary lifestyle Obesity or being overweight Ethnicity: Certain groups, such as African Americans, Native Americans, Hispanic Americans, and Asian Americans, have a greater risk of developing type 2 diabetes than non- Hispanic whites. Aging: Increasing age is a significant risk factor for type 2 diabetes. The risk of developing type 2 diabetes begins to rise significantly at about age 45, and rises considerably after age 65.


Question: Why does diabetes occur?

Answer: When you're healthy, the pancreas (an organ behind the stomach) releases insulin to help your body store and use sugar from the food you eat. Diabetes happens when one or more of the following occurs: Your pancreas doesn't make any insulin.


Question: How is diabetes defined?

Answer: It also tells the body to release less insulin.. People with diabetes either don't make insulin or their body's cells can no longer use their insulin. This leads to high blood sugars. By definition, diabetes is: A blood glucose level of greater than or equal to 126 milligrams per deciliter of blood (mg/d L) after an 8-hour fast (not eating anything) A non-fasting glucose level greater than or equal to 200 mg/d L along with symptoms of diabetes A glucose level of greater than or equal to 200 mg/d L on a 2-hour glucose tolerance test A1 C greater than or equal to 6.5%. Unless the person is having obvious symptoms of diabetes or is in a diabetic crisis, the diagnosis must be confirmed with a repeat test.


Question: What is the role of insulin in the cause of type 2 diabetes?

Answer: It builds up in your bloodstream instead. When you eat or drink, much of the food is broken down into a simple sugar called glucose. It moves through your bloodstream to these cells where it provides the energy your body needs for daily activities. Insulin and other hormones control the amount of glucose in your bloodstream. Your pancreas is always releasing small amounts of insulin. When the amount of glucose in your blood rises to a certain level, the pancreas will release more insulin to push more glucose into the cells. This causes the glucose levels in the blood (blood glucose levels) to drop. To keep blood glucose levels from getting too low (hypoglycemia or low blood sugar), your body signals you to eat and releases some glucose from the stores kept in the liver.


Question: How much medical care is accounted for by ear infections in the U.S.?

Answer: Among the bacteria most often found in infected middle ears are the same varieties responsible for many cases of sinusitis, pneumonia, and other respiratory infections.


Question: What can untreated ear infections lead to?

Answer: Untreated, ear infections can lead to more serious complications, including mastoiditis (a rare inflammation of a bone adjacent to the ear), hearing loss, perforation of the eardrum, meningitis, facial nerve paralysis, and possibly -- in adults -- Meniere's disease.


Question: How does a doctor see an ear infection?

Answer: When the doctor looks at the eardrum, he or she will see that it is red, often bulging, and be able to make the diagnosis of an ear infection.


Question: Is there a vaccine that can prevent ear infections?

Answer: Among the bacteria most often found in infected middle ears are the same varieties responsible for many cases of sinusitis, pneumonia, and other respiratory infections. According to the American Academy of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery (ear, nose, and throat physicians), the conjugate pneumococcal vaccine is very effective against several strains of the most common bacteria that cause ear infections. This vaccine is routinely given to infants and toddlers to prevent meningitis, pneumonia, and blood infections. Your child's doctor should advise you on the use of this vaccine, which may help to prevent at least some ear infections.


Question: What does it mean if an ear infection is recurring?

Answer: If the condition clears up but comes back as many as three times in a 6-month period (or four times in a single year), the person is said to have recurrent ear infections (recurrent acute otitis media). This usually indicates the Eustachian tube isn't working well. A fluid buildup in the middle ear without infection is termed otitis media with effusion, a condition where fluid stays in the ear because it is not well ventilated, but germs have not started to grow.


Question: What happens if an ear infection is left untreated?

Answer: Untreated, ear infections can lead to more serious complications, including mastoiditis (a rare inflammation of a bone adjacent to the ear), hearing loss, perforation of the eardrum, meningitis, facial nerve paralysis, and possibly -- in adults -- Meniere's disease.


Question: How can children get ear infections?

Answer: Allergies, post nasal drainage, sinus infections, common cold viruses and adenoid problems can all interfere with the Eustachian tube's ability to let air pass into the middle ear.


Question: Who is most likely to get ear infections?

Answer: In recent years, scientists have identified the characteristics of people most likely to suffer recurrent middle ear infections: Males Individuals with a family history of ear infections Babies who are bottle-fed formula (babies who are fed breastmilk have fewer ear infections) Children who attend day care centers People living in households with tobacco smokers People with abnormalities of the palate, such as a cleft palate People with poor immune systems or chronic respiratory diseases, such as cystic fibrosis and asthma


Question: What is an ear infection?

Answer: For children, the most common trigger of an ear infection is an upper respiratory viral infection, such as a cold or the flu.


Question: What causes an ear infection?

Answer: The middle ear is a small space behind the ear drum that is supposed to be well ventilated by air that normally passes up from behind the nose, through the Eustachian tube, keeping the middle ear clean and dry. When there is not enough fresh air ventilating the middle ear, such as when the Eustachian tube is clogged or blocked, the area becomes damp, stagnant, and warm, a perfect breeding ground for germs.


Question: How is an ear infection diagnosed?

Answer: When the doctor looks at the eardrum, he or she will see that it is red, often bulging, and be able to make the diagnosis of an ear infection.


Question: Why do ear infections often accompany a cold or the flu?

Answer: Germs that are growing in the nose or sinus cavities can climb up the Eustachian tube and enter the middle ear to start growing. The middle ear is a small space behind the ear drum that is supposed to be well ventilated by air that normally passes up from behind the nose, through the Eustachian tube, keeping the middle ear clean and dry.


Question: What triggers an ear infection in children?

Answer: The middle ear is a small space behind the ear drum that is supposed to be well ventilated by air that normally passes up from behind the nose, through the Eustachian tube, keeping the middle ear clean and dry. For children, the most common trigger of an ear infection is an upper respiratory viral infection, such as a cold or the flu. Bacteria can cause an ear infection directly, but usually these organisms come on the heels of a viral infection or an allergic reaction, quickly finding their way into the warm, moist environment of the middle ear. Invading bacteria can wreak major havoc, turning inflammation into infection and provoking fevers.


Question: How is a Meniett device used to treat MÃ©niÃ¨reâs disease?

Answer: Meniett device: Another approach uses this device to apply pressure to your ear canal through a tube. This improves how fluid moves through your ear. You can do these treatments at home.


Question: How is MÃ©niÃ¨reâs disease treated?

Answer: Drug treatment deals with reducing both your vertigo and the fluid in your ear. Medication for motion sickness might help with your vertigo, and an anti-nausea drug might reduce vomiting if that's a side effect of your dizziness.


Question: When should you call a doctor about MÃ©niÃ¨reâs disease?

Answer: If you are dizzy, you should sit or lie down at once. Avoid any type of movement that might make your vertigo worse. Don't try to drive. If you think you have symptoms, call your doctor for an appointment. It is hard to predict the course of the disease, and you should not assume it will get better on its own.


Question: How can symptoms of MÃ©niÃ¨reâs disease change?

Answer: As your MÃ©niÃ¨re's progresses, your symptoms may change. Your hearing loss and tinnitus may become constant. You might struggle all the time with balance and vision issues instead of having occasional bouts of vertigo.


Question: What is MÃ©niÃ¨reâs disease?

Answer: MÃ©niÃ¨re's disease is an inner-ear condition that can cause vertigo, a specific type of dizziness in which you feel as though you're spinning. It also can cause ringing in your ear (tinnitus), hearing loss that comes and goes, and a feeling of fullness or pressure in your ear. Usually, only one ear is affected. The hearing loss eventually can be permanent. The disorder takes its name from a French doctor, Prosper MÃ©niÃ¨re, who suggested in the 1860s that the symptoms came from the inner ear and not the brain, as most people believed.


Question: Why do people get MÃ©niÃ¨reâs disease?

Answer: Why people get MÃ©niÃ¨re's isn't clear. Researchers have several theories about what might affect the fluid in the inner ear, though: Poor drainage (because of blockage or an abnormal structure in your ear) Autoimmune response (when your body's defense system misfires and attacks healthy cells) Allergic reaction Viral infection Inherited tendency Blow to the head Migraine headaches It's possible that a combination of issues come together to cause MÃ©niÃ¨re's.


Question: What causes MÃ©niÃ¨reâs disease?

Answer: Doctors think they understand how the symptoms of MÃ©niÃ¨re's develop. Fluid builds up inside a part of your inner ear called the labyrinth, which holds structures that help with hearing and balance. The extra fluid interferes with the signals your brain receives, causing vertigo and hearing problems.


Question: How is a vestibular nerve sectioning used to treat MÃ©niÃ¨reâs disease?

Answer: Vestibular nerve sectioning: A neurosurgeon does this procedure, and you need a longer hospital stay, up to 5 days. The surgeon will destroy the nerve that sends signals about balance to the brain to stop the messages that are causing your vertigo.


Question: How are diuretics used to treat MÃ©niÃ¨reâs disease?

Answer: Other possible treatments include: Diuretics: To reduce fluid in your ear, your doctor might prescribe a diuretic -- medicine that keeps your body from retaining fluids. If you take a diuretic, your doctor probably also will ask you to cut the amount of salt in your diet.


Question: How is a labyrinthectomy used to treat MÃ©niÃ¨reâs disease?

Answer: Labyrinthectomy: Your surgeon destroys the parts of the ear that control balance. You aren't awake during this procedure, and you stay in the hospital a few days. You will have hearing loss afterward, so it's for people who have really bad vertigo and already don't hear well.


Question: When is therapy or a hearing aid used to treat MÃ©niÃ¨reâs disease?

Answer: Therapy or hearing aid: In addition to medication, you might try therapy targeted to help with balance issues. A hearing aid could improve your affected ear.


Question: How is a cochleosacculotomy used to treat MÃ©niÃ¨reâs disease?

Answer: Cochleosacculotomy: This is another procedure aimed at draining fluid. You're given something to numb any pain, and it takes about 30 minutes. It can cause hearing loss, though.


Question: What triggers MÃ©niÃ¨reâs disease attacks?

Answer: Some people with MÃ©niÃ¨re's find that certain things trigger attacks. Those might include: Stress Overwork Fatigue Sharp changes in weather, specifically air pressure Underlying illness You can take steps to identify and avoid your triggers and also to reduce stress in your life.


Question: What can you do to prevent MÃ©niÃ¨reâs disease?

Answer: It's not clear you can do anything to prevent MÃ©niÃ¨re's disease. However, there are many things you can do the help manage your symptoms. In addition to eating a low-salt diet, you may want to cut down on alcohol and caffeine. Some people think such diet changes lessen the effects of the disease.


Question: How is an endolymphatic sac shunt surgery done to treat MÃ©niÃ¨reâs disease?

Answer: They include: Endolymphatic sac shunt surgery: The part of your ear that is responsible for reabsorbing fluid is opened and drained. You'll be given anesthesia so that you won't be awake or feel pain during the operation. You will probably spend the night in the hospital.


Question: How long do symptoms of MÃ©niÃ¨reâs disease last?

Answer: Along with the main symptoms, some people may have: Anxiety Blurry vision Nausea or diarrhea Trembling Cold sweat and rapid pulse Attacks are as brief as 20 minutes or last as long as 24 hours. You might get several in a week, or they might come months or even years apart. Afterward, you may feel tired and need to rest.


Question: What are the symptoms of MÃ©niÃ¨reâs disease?

Answer: Doctors think they understand how the symptoms of MÃ©niÃ¨re's develop. Along with the main symptoms, some people may have: Anxiety Blurry vision Nausea or diarrhea Trembling Cold sweat and rapid pulse Attacks are as brief as 20 minutes or last as long as 24 hours. It can cause hearing loss, though. It's not clear you can do anything to prevent MÃ©niÃ¨re's disease.


Question: What anti-seizure drugs can prevent migraines?

Answer: These meds may work by calming nerve cells in the brain. They include: Topiramate ( Qudexy XR, Trokendi XR, Topamax) Valproic acid ( Depakene, Depakote, Stavzor) Beta-blockers usually treat high blood pressure and heart disease.


Question: When should I consider using preventive migraine medications?

Answer: You may want to consider preventive medications if: The drugs you take to relieve your migraines don't help or you have bad side effects from them.


Question: How does Botox treat migraines?

Answer: Often used to treat wrinkles, it also helps some people who get migraines at least 15 days per month, called chronic migraines. It's for people who have long-term migraine headaches, with the attack lasting 4 hours at a time or longer. Doctors think Botox may keep the brain from giving off chemicals that the body uses to send pain signals.


Question: What tips should I keep in mind as I take medications for my migraines?

Answer: When you take medication to prevent migraines, keep these tips in mind: Your doctor will likely start you on a low dose and gradually increase it over time. It may take several months to find the best dose with the fewest side effects. Don't suddenly stop taking preventive medications. That could trigger a rebound headache. If you do need to stop taking them, you'll need to gradually taper off under your doctor's care. These meds probably won't completely get rid of your headaches. You may still need to take medicine when you do have one.


Question: What do preventive migraine medications do?

Answer: Make your headaches less severe. Make them shorter. This type of treatment can help if you get migraines often.


Question: How does preventative medication work to treat migraines?

Answer: These meds can: Help you have fewer migraines. Make your headaches less severe. Make them shorter. This type of treatment can help if you get migraines often.


Question: How do anti-seizure drugs work to prevent migraines?

Answer: These meds may work by calming nerve cells in the brain. They include: Topiramate ( Qudexy XR, Trokendi XR, Topamax) Valproic acid ( Depakene, Depakote, Stavzor) Beta-blockers usually treat high blood pressure and heart disease.


Question: What beta-blockers can prevent migraines?

Answer: They include: Topiramate ( Qudexy XR, Trokendi XR, Topamax) Valproic acid ( Depakene, Depakote, Stavzor) Beta-blockers usually treat high blood pressure and heart disease. It's not clear how they help prevent migraines. Some that work for these headaches include: Metoprolol ( Lopressor, Toprol XL) Propranolol ( Inderal, Innopran XL) Timolol ( Blocadren) Antidepressants .


Question: How can I limit stress to help treat my migraines?

Answer: So, take time each day to relax. You could: Listen to calming music.


Question: How can complementary techniques help my migraines?

Answer: Along with your prescribed treatment, you might want to try one of these to help prevent migraines, such as: Acupuncture Massage Talk therapy


Question: Can lifestyle changes help prevent migraines?

Answer: Your everyday habits can go a long way to help you have fewer, less-severe migraines.


Question: What antidepressants can prevent migraines?

Answer: These medications affect the level of the brain chemical serotonin, which may be linked to migraines. Some of them, such as amitriptyline and venlafaxine, can help keep the headaches away. Other kinds may work, too.


Question: How do triptans for menstrual-related migraines treat severe headaches?

Answer: These drugs treat migraines when they're already happening, but one -- frovatriptan ( Frova) -- may help prevent migraines that women get because of their menstrual cycle. The medicine affects serotonin levels and may also relieve pain in other ways.


Question: How can eating regular meals prevent migraines?

Answer: Eat regular meals. A drop in blood sugar can set off a migraine, so keep it steady by not skipping meals. Also, drink plenty of water to avoid dehydration, which can trigger the headaches.