Question: What can raise your chances of getting venous skin ulcer?

Answer: They're more common in older people, particularly women. You also may have a chance of getting one if you: Have previous leg injuries Have varicose veins Smoke Are obese Have had other circulation problems such as blood clots or phlebitis, a painful swelling of the veins A venous ulcer often feels itchy or burns, and the leg around it may be swollen.


Question: What are the symptoms of a venous skin ulcer?

Answer: You also may have a chance of getting one if you: Have previous leg injuries Have varicose veins Smoke Are obese Have had other circulation problems such as blood clots or phlebitis, a painful swelling of the veins A venous ulcer often feels itchy or burns, and the leg around it may be swollen. Other signs may include: A rash or dry skin Brownish discoloration A foul-smelling fluid oozing from the sore An ulcer can also become infected.


Question: What are the causes of venous skin ulcer?

Answer: A venous skin ulcer is a sore on your leg that's very slow to heal, usually because of weak blood circulation in the limb. The veins in the leg, which should send blood back to the heart, might not be doing their job all that well. That's often because the valves that stop the flow of blood back into the veins aren't working like they should. This backflow of blood means increased pressure in the end of the limb. When that happens, it can weaken the skin and make it harder for a cut or scrape to heal.


Question: How do you prevent venous skin ulcers?

Answer: But there are steps you can take to prevent them from happening. Your doctor will ask you if you have a history of ongoing (or âchronicâ) conditions, such as diabetes or hardening of the arteries.


Question: What is a venous skin ulcer?

Answer: They can last anywhere from a few weeks to years. You may hear a doctor or nurse call them âvenous leg ulcers.â They can sometimes lead to more serious problems if you don't have them treated. The pressure should improve the blood circulation in your leg, boosting your body's ability to heal the sore.


Question: What is an alanine aminotransferase test?

Answer: The alanine aminotransferase ( ALT) test is a blood test that checks for liver damage. Your doctor can use this test to find out if a disease, drug, or injury has damaged your liver.


Question: Why should your doctor order an alanine aminotransferase test?

Answer: Your doctor might recommend ALT if you have symptoms of liver disease or damage, such as: Stomach pain or swelling Nausea Vomiting Yellow skin or eyes (a condition called jaundice) Weakness Extreme tiredness (fatigue) Dark-colored urine Light-colored poop Itchy skin Here are some reasons you might get this test: You've been exposed to the hepatitis virus. You drink a lot of alcohol. You have a family history of liver disease. You take medicine that's known to cause liver damage. The ALT test can be done as part of a blood panel during a regular exam. If you've already been diagnosed with liver disease, your doctor can use the ALT test to see how well your treatment is working.


Question: When do you get results from an alanine aminotransferase test?

Answer: Risks are usually minor, and can include: Bleeding Bruising Infection Slight pain when the needle is inserted Fainting or feeling dizzy You should get your results in about a day.


Question: What causes slightly high alanine aminotransferase levels?

Answer: Slightly high ALT levels may be caused by: Alcohol abuse Cirrhosis (long-term damage and scarring of the liver) Mononucleosis Drugs such as statins, aspirin, and some sleep aids Moderately high ALT levels may be because of: Chronic (ongoing) liver disease Alcohol abuse Cirrhosis Blockage of the bile ducts Heart attack or heart failure (when your heart can't pump enough blood to your body) Kidney damage Muscle injury Damage to red blood cells Heat stroke Too much vitamin A Very high ALT levels can be caused by: Acute viral hepatitis An overdose of drugs such as acetaminophen ( Tylenol) Liver cancer Sepsis ALT usually is done as part of a group of liver function tests called a liver panel.


Question: What causes very high alanine aminotransferase levels?

Answer: Slightly high ALT levels may be caused by: Alcohol abuse Cirrhosis (long-term damage and scarring of the liver) Mononucleosis Drugs such as statins, aspirin, and some sleep aids Moderately high ALT levels may be because of: Chronic (ongoing) liver disease Alcohol abuse Cirrhosis Blockage of the bile ducts Heart attack or heart failure (when your heart can't pump enough blood to your body) Kidney damage Muscle injury Damage to red blood cells Heat stroke Too much vitamin A Very high ALT levels can be caused by: Acute viral hepatitis An overdose of drugs such as acetaminophen ( Tylenol) Liver cancer Sepsis ALT usually is done as part of a group of liver function tests called a liver panel.


Question: What is the role of the liver relative to an alanine aminotransferase test?

Answer: Your liver does a lot of important things for you: It makes a fluid called bile that helps your body digest food. It removes waste products and other toxins from your blood. It produces proteins and cholesterol. Diseases such as hepatitis and cirrhosis can damage your liver and prevent it from doing its many jobs.


Question: When should you talk to your doctor about an alanine aminotransferase test?

Answer: To find out what type of liver disease you have, your doctor might also test the levels of other enzymes and proteins found in your liver, including: Albumin Alkaline phosphatase Bilirubin Lactate dehydrogenase ( LDH) Total protein Talk to your doctor to make sure you understand all of your liver test results. Also find out how these results might affect your treatment.


Question: How do you prepare for an alanine aminotransferase test?

Answer: You don't need any special preparation for the ALT test. Your doctor might ask you to stop eating or drinking a few hours before the test. Tell your doctor what prescription drugs or supplements you take. Some medicines can affect the results of this test.


Question: What are the risks in an alanine aminotransferase test?

Answer: The ALT blood test is safe. Risks are usually minor, and can include: Bleeding Bruising Infection Slight pain when the needle is inserted Fainting or feeling dizzy You should get your results in about a day.


Question: What causes moderately high alanine aminotransferase levels?

Answer: Slightly high ALT levels may be caused by: Alcohol abuse Cirrhosis (long-term damage and scarring of the liver) Mononucleosis Drugs such as statins, aspirin, and some sleep aids Moderately high ALT levels may be because of: Chronic (ongoing) liver disease Alcohol abuse Cirrhosis Blockage of the bile ducts Heart attack or heart failure (when your heart can't pump enough blood to your body) Kidney damage Muscle injury Damage to red blood cells Heat stroke Too much vitamin A Very high ALT levels can be caused by: Acute viral hepatitis An overdose of drugs such as acetaminophen ( Tylenol) Liver cancer Sepsis ALT usually is done as part of a group of liver function tests called a liver panel.


Question: What other tests are done in addition to an alanine aminotransferase test?

Answer: To find out what type of liver disease you have, your doctor might also test the levels of other enzymes and proteins found in your liver, including: Albumin Alkaline phosphatase Bilirubin Lactate dehydrogenase ( LDH) Total protein Talk to your doctor to make sure you understand all of your liver test results.


Question: Why is an alanine aminotransferase test important?

Answer: Smaller amounts of ALT are in your kidneys and other organs, too. Your body uses ALT to break down food into energy. Normally, ALT levels in the blood are low. If your liver is damaged, it will release more ALT into your blood and levels will rise. ( ALT used to be called serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, or SGPT). Doctors often give the ALT test along with other liver tests. AST is another liver enzyme.


Question: What other tests will you take in addition to an alanine aminotransferase test?

Answer: The alanine aminotransferase ( ALT) test is a blood test that checks for liver damage. The ALT test can be done as part of a blood panel during a regular exam. AST is another liver enzyme. As with ALT, the levels of AST in your blood rise if your liver is damaged. Comparing ALT with AST levels gives your doctor more information about the health of your liver. The ALT-to- AST ratio can help your doctor figure out how severe the liver damage is and what might have caused it.


Question: What are the symptoms of lipedema?

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Question: How does lipedema develop?

Answer: As the condition progresses, fat continues to build up, and your lower body grows heavier. The lipedemic fat can later collect in the arms. Over time, fat cells block the vessels of your lymphatic system, which normally helps balance body fluid levels and protect against infection. This blockage prevents the proper drainage of lymph fluid, leading to a buildup of fluid called lymphedema.


Question: What can happen if lipedema is untreated?

Answer: Unlike obesity, it targets legs, thighs and sometimes arms. Unlike lymphedema, lipedema doesn't start in the lower legs (feet and ankles) but the upper legs, and it isn't related to prior surgery. It usually affects both legs.


Question: What causes lipedema?

Answer: The cause is not known, but doctors suspect female hormones play a role. That's because the condition affects mostly women, and it often begins or worsens at puberty, during pregnancy, following gynecologic surgery, and around the time of menopause. Scientists also believe genes are involved, because many women with the condition have family members with the condition.


Question: Can diet and exercise help with lipedema?

Answer: The lipedemic fat can later collect in the arms.


Question: What is lipedema?

Answer: It happens when fat is distributed in an irregular way beneath your skin, usually in the buttocks and legs. Although it begins as a cosmetic concern, it can eventually cause pain and other problems. Lipedema can be mistaken for regular obesity or lymphedema. For example, the top half of your body may be a size 8, but the bottom half may be a size 16.


Question: Can hormone therapy help treat endometriosis pain?

Answer: This type of treatment may be a good choice if pain medicines don't help enough. Doctors can prescribe medicines that cut down on how much estrogen your body makes. There are also hormonal meds that can prevent your menstrual period and make areas affected by endometriosis bleed less. That cuts down on inflammation and makes scars and ovarian cysts less likely.


Question: Can aromatase inhibitors help treat endometriosis pain?

Answer: Aromatase inhibitors block it, which lowers your estrogen level. These medicines aren't routinely used to treat endometriosis. But in some cases, doctors recommend it "off label" in addition to hormonal therapy to manage endometriosis pain, as long as you aren't planning to get pregnant while on this treatment.


Question: What are the side effects of hormone therapy that's used to treat endometriosis pain?

Answer: Others you can buy âover the counter.â Your doctor may recommend that you try more than one kind. If your symptoms are mild, your doctor will likely suggest you take a pain reliever. This type of treatment may be a good choice if pain medicines don't help enough.


Question: How is endometriosis pain treated?

Answer: Although they won't cure the condition, they may help you feel better. Some need a prescription. Others you can buy âover the counter.â Your doctor may recommend that you try more than one kind. So, if you try pain meds that you can buy without a prescription and you don't get enough relief, your doctor will consider whether you need a prescription for a stronger type of medicine.


Question: How does prediabetes increase the chances of getting type 2 diabetes?

Answer: That means your blood sugar level is above normal but you don't have the disease yet. To keep it that way, get more active and lose any extra weight. Your doctor may recommend you take the prescription drug metformin.


Question: How do lower cholesterol levels increase the chance of getting type 2 diabetes?

Answer: Your "good" cholesterol level is low. It's too low if it's less than 40 mg/d L (milligrams per deciliter).


Question: How does age increase the chance of getting type 2 diabetes?

Answer: You're age 45 or older. The chance of getting type 2 diabetes rises with age.


Question: How do triglyceride levels increase the chance of getting type 2 diabetes?

Answer: It's too high if it's over 150 mg/d L. 9.


Question: How does ethnicity increase the chance of getting type 2 diabetes?

Answer: You're Hispanic, African- American, Native American, or Asian American. Diabetes is more common among these groups. Talk with your doctor to get a better sense of your risk. He can help you make a plan that will keep you in good health.


Question: How does gestational diabetes increase the chance of getting type 2 diabetes?

Answer: You've had diabetes during pregnancy before. That condition (called gestational diabetes) or delivering a baby over 9 pounds can make you more likely to get type 2 diabetes.


Question: What makes someone more likely to develop type 2 diabetes?

Answer: You're more likely to get type 2 diabetes if: 1. You have prediabetes. You're not physically active. You've had heart disease. You have high blood pressure. Your "good" cholesterol level is low. You're a woman who has PCOS (polycystic ovary syndrome). You're age 45 or older. The chance of getting type 2 diabetes rises with age.


Question: How does genetic diabetes increase the chances of getting type 2 diabetes?

Answer: You're more likely to get type 2 diabetes if: 1. But you can take action through everyday lifestyle habits, like exercise and healthy eating, to lower your odds of following in their footsteps. You're a woman who has PCOS (polycystic ovary syndrome).


Question: What is immunotherapy?

Answer: Immunotherapy is a treatment option for many people living with advanced lung cancer. It helps your body's immune system better find and destroy cancer cells, even when they try to hide. The breakthrough therapy is helping some people with hard-to-treat cancer feel better and live longer.


Question: How will your doctor determine if your immunotherapy is working to treat cancer?

Answer: Your doctor will review your scans and discuss your symptoms. She'll decide if your treatment is really working and your cancer is stable.


Question: What are other cancer treatments besides immunotherapy?

Answer: Other Treatment Options If immunotherapy doesn't work, you and your doctor will discuss other ways to treat your cancer. These include: Chemotherapy Targeted drug treatments Radiation If these options also fail, your doctor may suggest you to take part in a clinical trial.


Question: Can your cancer look worse on a CT scan when it is really getting better from immunotherapy?

Answer: When the Cancer Looks Worse but Isn't Your doctor will order CT scans of your tumor to keep track of it and make sure your treatment is working. Your cancer might look worse on the first CT scan after your start immunotherapy. But it may really be getting better. Doctors call this âpseudoprogression."


Question: What kinds of immunotherapy side effects should you tell your doctor about?

Answer: Tell your doctor if you have: Cough Pain Trouble breathing Any other symptoms that concern you They may be a sign that your cancer is getting worse, or they may be side effects of treatment.


Question: What happens if immunotherapy and no other treatments work to treat your lung cancer?

Answer: When the Cancer Looks Worse but Isn't Your doctor will order CT scans of your tumor to keep track of it and make sure your treatment is working. Other Treatment Options If immunotherapy doesn't work, you and your doctor will discuss other ways to treat your cancer. These include: Chemotherapy Targeted drug treatments Radiation If these options also fail, your doctor may suggest you to take part in a clinical trial. They provide access to cutting-edge immunotherapy treatments that aren't yet approved for lung cancer.


Question: Can relaxing and exercising help you manage stress?

Answer: Learn and practice relaxation techniques; try meditation, yoga, or tai-chi. Exercise regularly. Your body can fight stress better when it is fit.


Question: Can changing your attitude ease your stress?

Answer: Accept that there are events that you cannot control. Be assertive instead of aggressive. Assert your feelings, opinions, or beliefs instead of becoming angry, defensive, or passive.


Question: Can getting enough sleep help manage stress?

Answer: Your body needs time to recover from stressful events.


Question: Should you cut out drugs and alcohol to reduce stress?

Answer: Drugs and alcohol can stress your body even more.


Question: Should you reach out to loved ones and health professionals to help you manage stress?

Answer: Seek out social support. Spend enough time with those you love. Seek treatment with a psychologist or other mental health professional trained in stress management or biofeedback techniques to learn more healthy ways of dealing with the stress in your life.


Question: Can you exercise if you have hidradenitis suppurativa (HS)?

Answer: Even if you may have pain and trouble moving, stay as active as possible. Exercise can slow HS down and make you feel better. Many people find swimming keeps them fit and also soothes their skin.


Question: Does a support group help if you have hidradenitis suppurativa (HS)?

Answer: You can share your experience with people who know what you're going through. They may have tips on how to deal with the things you're worried about. Plan how you'd like to explain your condition to an acquaintance or respond to a comment from a stranger. Practice saying it to family or friends until you feel comfortable. It may help to let people know that HS isn't contagious and has nothing to do with bad hygiene. Don't turn to alcohol, drugs, or food for comfort.


Question: Can the medicine I take give me high blood pressure?

Answer: Drugs: Certain drugs, such as amphetamines (stimulants), diet pills, and some pills used for cold and allergy symptoms, tend to raise blood pressure.


Question: What conditions cause secondary hypertension?

Answer: These causes include the following conditions: Chronic kidney disease Sleep apnea Tumors or other diseases of the adrenal gland Coarctation of the aorta -- A narrowing of the aorta that you are born with that can cause high blood pressure in the arms Pregnancy Use of birth control pills Alcohol addiction Thyroid dysfunction In the other 90% of cases, the cause of high blood pressure is not known (primary hypertension).


Question: Can obesity lead to secondary hypertension?

Answer: Medical professionals strongly recommend that all obese people with high blood pressure lose weight until they are within 15% of their healthy body weight. Your health care provider can help you calculate your healthy body weight range.


Question: Can taking birth control pills cause secondary hypertension?

Answer: Birth control pills (oral contraceptive use): Some women who take birth control pills develop high blood pressure.


Question: Can alcohol use lead to secondary hypertension?

Answer: Alcohol use: Drinking more than 1-2 drinks of alcohol per day tends to raise blood pressure in those who are sensitive to alcohol.


Question: Can sodium sensitivity lead to secondary hypertension?

Answer: Sodium (salt) sensitivity: Some people have high sensitivity to sodium (salt), and their blood pressure goes up if they use salt. Reducing sodium intake tends to lower their blood pressure.


Question: What factors that cause secondary hypertension can't be changed?

Answer: Age: The older you get, the greater the likelihood that you will develop high blood pressure, especially systolic, as your arteries get stiffer. They develop high blood pressure at a younger age and develop more severe complications sooner. Family history (heredity): The tendency to have high blood pressure appears to run in families. Gender: Generally men have a greater likelihood of developing high blood pressure than women. This likelihood varies according to age and among various ethnic groups. Americans consume 10-15 times more sodium than they need.


Question: What causes atypical depression?

Answer: Depression is believed to be the result of impaired functioning of brain circuits that regulate mood, and that allow one region of the brain to communicate with another. Nerve cells contained within these circuits transmit signals through brain chemicals called neurotransmitters -- such as dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine. Antidepressant medicines are thought to "tweak" these chemicals and thereby improve the efficiency of brain circuits related to mood. While the exact cause of depression is unknown, there are risk factors for depression, including: A family history of depression A significant loss -- from death, divorce, or separation -- that may trigger an underlying vulnerability to depression (rather than simply normal grief) Interpersonal conflicts and related emotions such as guilt Any type of abuse -- physical, sexual, or emotional Any type of major life event such as moving, changing or losing a job, graduating, retiring, or social isolation in people who have a biological vulnerability to depression Any type of serious illness such as cancer, heart disease, stroke, or HIV Drug or alcohol abuse Doctors are likely to recommend psychotherapy (talk therapy) and/or medications for atypical depression, depending on the severity of the symptoms.


Question: What are symptoms of atypical depression?

Answer: In other words, the person with atypical depression will see his or her mood improve if something positive happens. In melancholic depression, positive changes will seldom bring on a change in mood. In addition, diagnostic criteria call for at least two of the following symptoms to accompany the mood reactivity: Sleeping too much (hypersomnia) Increased appetite or weight gain Having a more intense reaction or increased sensitivity to rejection, resulting in problems with social and work relationships Having a feeling of being weighed down, paralyzed, or "leaden" A doctor will investigate physical causes for any of these symptoms.


Question: How do you treat atypical depression?

Answer: While the exact cause of depression is unknown, there are risk factors for depression, including: A family history of depression A significant loss -- from death, divorce, or separation -- that may trigger an underlying vulnerability to depression (rather than simply normal grief) Interpersonal conflicts and related emotions such as guilt Any type of abuse -- physical, sexual, or emotional Any type of major life event such as moving, changing or losing a job, graduating, retiring, or social isolation in people who have a biological vulnerability to depression Any type of serious illness such as cancer, heart disease, stroke, or HIV Drug or alcohol abuse Doctors are likely to recommend psychotherapy (talk therapy) and/or medications for atypical depression, depending on the severity of the symptoms. There are different types of psychotherapy and medications available for treatment. You may be referred to a specialist such as a psychiatrist, psychologist, or other licensed mental health professional for care.


Question: Can hypothyroidism cause symptoms of atypical depression?

Answer: With hypothyroidism, having low levels of thyroid hormone can lead to symptoms that include depression and weight gain.


Question: Who gets atypical depression?

Answer: While the exact cause of depression is unknown, there are risk factors for depression, including: A family history of depression A significant loss -- from death, divorce, or separation -- that may trigger an underlying vulnerability to depression (rather than simply normal grief) Interpersonal conflicts and related emotions such as guilt Any type of abuse -- physical, sexual, or emotional Any type of major life event such as moving, changing or losing a job, graduating, retiring, or social isolation in people who have a biological vulnerability to depression Any type of serious illness such as cancer, heart disease, stroke, or HIV Drug or alcohol abuse Doctors are likely to recommend psychotherapy (talk therapy) and/or medications for atypical depression, depending on the severity of the symptoms.


Question: What is helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)?

Answer: These include: Gastritis ( H. pylori) Pernicious anemia (vitamin B12 deficiency) Gastric polyps Chronic gastric ulcer Family history of gastric cancer History of gastric surgery for non-cancerous diseases, such as a peptic ulcer Blood group A Pre-malignant conditions, such as intestinal metaplasia Genetic abnormalities Hereditary factors such as familial adenomatous polyposis, hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer ( Lynch syndrome), and Peutz- Jeghers syndrome Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori) infection of the stomach lining is associated with gastric lymphoma and adenocarcinoma. H. pylori is a bacterium that infects the lining of the stomach and causes chronic inflammation and ulcers. The risk of developing cancer, in the presence of an infection with this bacteria is low. This bacterium can be found in up to two-thirds of the world's population. In persons infected with this bacterium, the risk of developing gastric cancer is thought to be up to six times that of non-infected persons.


Question: What is stomach cancer?

Answer: The tumor may spread along the stomach wall or may grow directly through the wall and shed cells into the bloodstream or lymphatic system. Once beyond the stomach, cancer can spread to other organs. Stomach cancers are classified according to the type of tissue in which they originate. Adenocarcinomas -- the most common -- start in the glandular stomach lining.


Question: What is helicobacter pylori (H. pulori) infection and how is it associated with stomach cancer?

Answer: These include: Gastritis ( H. pylori) Pernicious anemia (vitamin B12 deficiency) Gastric polyps Chronic gastric ulcer Family history of gastric cancer History of gastric surgery for non-cancerous diseases, such as a peptic ulcer Blood group A Pre-malignant conditions, such as intestinal metaplasia Genetic abnormalities Hereditary factors such as familial adenomatous polyposis, hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer ( Lynch syndrome), and Peutz- Jeghers syndrome Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori) infection of the stomach lining is associated with gastric lymphoma and adenocarcinoma. H. pylori is a bacterium that infects the lining of the stomach and causes chronic inflammation and ulcers. The risk of developing cancer, in the presence of an infection with this bacteria is low. This bacterium can be found in up to two-thirds of the world's population. In persons infected with this bacterium, the risk of developing gastric cancer is thought to be up to six times that of non-infected persons.


Question: What can increase your risk of stomach cancer?

Answer: Various medical conditions are associated with an increased risk of developing stomach cancer. These include: Gastritis ( H. pylori) Pernicious anemia (vitamin B12 deficiency) Gastric polyps Chronic gastric ulcer Family history of gastric cancer History of gastric surgery for non-cancerous diseases, such as a peptic ulcer Blood group A Pre-malignant conditions, such as intestinal metaplasia Genetic abnormalities Hereditary factors such as familial adenomatous polyposis, hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer ( Lynch syndrome), and Peutz- Jeghers syndrome Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori) infection of the stomach lining is associated with gastric lymphoma and adenocarcinoma.


Question: What medical conditions are associated with stomach cancer?

Answer: Various medical conditions are associated with an increased risk of developing stomach cancer. These include: Gastritis ( H. pylori) Pernicious anemia (vitamin B12 deficiency) Gastric polyps Chronic gastric ulcer Family history of gastric cancer History of gastric surgery for non-cancerous diseases, such as a peptic ulcer Blood group A Pre-malignant conditions, such as intestinal metaplasia Genetic abnormalities Hereditary factors such as familial adenomatous polyposis, hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer ( Lynch syndrome), and Peutz- Jeghers syndrome Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori) infection of the stomach lining is associated with gastric lymphoma and adenocarcinoma.


Question: Who is at risk for stomach cancer?

Answer: There is an increased risk of stomach cancer in people who use tobacco or drink alcoholic beverages regularly. People who work in certain industries are also at greater risk. This includes those in the coal mining, metal, and rubber industries. Stomach cancer is most often seen in people in their late 60s through 80s. It is more common in Japan, Korea, parts of Eastern Europe, and Latin America than in the U. S. and Canada. This is thought to be related to the common diet in these countries, which consists of nitrate-containing, salted foods -- especially meat and fish.


Question: How common is stomach cancer?

Answer: Even though it is not among the most common cancers in the U. S., it is still a leading cause of cancer deaths in other parts of the world.


Question: What activities can increase your risk for stomach cancer?

Answer: There is an increased risk of stomach cancer in people who use tobacco or drink alcoholic beverages regularly. People who work in certain industries are also at greater risk. This includes those in the coal mining, metal, and rubber industries.


Question: How are stomach cancers classified?

Answer: Almost all stomach cancers (about 95%) start in the glandular tissue that lines the stomach. Lymphomas develop from lymphocytes, a type of blood cell involved in the immune system. Sarcomas involve the connective tissue (muscle, fat, or blood vessels). Other types include carcinoid, small cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma. Metastatic cancers from breast cancer, melanoma, and other primary sites of cancer are also seen in the stomach.


Question: What are some good first solid foods to feed your baby?

Answer: Single-grain cereals, such as rice, are common first foods, but you don't have to start with these. You can try purees of any healthy food, including meats, vegetables or fruits. Should you start out with vegetables so your baby learns to like them? There's no evidence to support this. Babies have a natural preference for sweets and the order you introduce foods doesn't change that.


Question: Can I add solid foods to my baby's bottle?

Answer: It's an important part of your baby's development to learn how to eat from a spoon and to join in family meal time. If your baby has been diagnosed with reflux, your pediatrician may have you add cereal to the bottle.


Question: How can I prepare my baby to try his first solid food?

Answer: To prepare: Pick a time when your baby is happy and not too hungry, overtired or cranky. Make sure you're not rushed, so that you can enjoy the experience. Choose one food to introduce first. Feed that to her for a few days before introducing the next new food, to check for possible allergic reactions. If you note diarrhea, rashes, or vomiting after introducing a new food, stop offering it and consult your pediatrician. If you offer cereal, make sure it's one made specifically for babies; they're fortified with specific nutrients babies need at this age.


Question: When can my baby start eating solid foods?

Answer: The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends breastfeeding exclusively for about six months, and notes that most babies are ready to start solid foods between four and six months. Here are some signs that your baby is ready: She loses the tongue-thrust reflex that pushes the spoon back out of her mouth. Sheï¿½ï¿½s interested in what you're eating -- making âoohâ sounds as she watches you eat, or trying to grab your fork or slice of bread. She can sit up with good head control in the high chair, although she still needs the support of her body. She can draw in her lower lip to take food from a spoon.


Question: Should you continue breastfeeding even after you start feeding your baby  solid foods?

Answer: Even after you start solids, breast milk or formula are your baby's primary source of nutrition for her first year. Keep breastfeeding for at least a year if you can. Don't wait too long to start solid foods.


Question: Is there a cure for complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS)?

Answer: There is no cure for CRPS.


Question: What are the symptoms of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS)?

Answer: The symptoms of CRPS vary in their severity and length. One symptom of CRPS is continuous, intense pain that gets worse rather than better over time. If CRPS occurs after an injury, it may seem out of proportion to the severity of the injury. Even in cases involving an injury only to a finger or toe, pain can spread to include the entire arm or leg. In some cases, pain can even travel to the opposite extremity. Other symptoms of CRPS include: " Burning" pain Swelling and stiffness in affected joints Motor disability, with decreased ability to move the affected body part Changes in nail and hair growth pattern; there may be rapid hair growth or no hair growth. Skin changes; CRPS can involve changes in skin temperature -- skin on one extremity can feel warmer or cooler compared to the opposite extremity. Skin color may become blotchy, pale, purple or red. The texture of skin also can change, becoming shiny and thin. People with CRPS may have skin that sometimes is excessively sweaty. CRPS may be heightened by emotional stress.


Question: What is complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS)?

Answer: Experts believe that CRPS occurs as a result of dysfunction in the central or peripheral nervous systems. Other treatments include: Sympathetic nerve blocks: These blocks, which are done in a variety of ways, can provide significant pain relief for some people.


Question: How is complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) treated?

Answer: There is no cure for CRPS. Therapies used include psychotherapy, physical therapy, and drug treatment, such as topical analgesics, narcotics, corticosteroids, osteoporosis medication, antidepressants, osteoporosis medicines, and antiseizure drugs.


Question: What is the best mattress for lower back pain?

Answer: The latest thinking is that there isn't one type of mattress that's best for everyone, including people with chronic back pain. Let personal preference guide you, and choose what feels most comfortable.


Question: How can you tell which mattress is best for your back pain?

Answer: Or choose a mattress that comes with a money-back guarantee: A growing number of companies will let you buy a mattress and use it for anywhere from 30 to 100 days and send it back for a refund if you're not happy with it.


Question: When should you get a new mattress for lower back pain?

Answer: Research is limited, but in one study, researchers assigned new mattresses to more than 300 people with low back pain. That was true regardless of which model they were given, though people who slept in the cheapest beds did report more lower back pain than those in the medium- and higher-priced beds. They noted that the average age of the participants' old beds was 9.5 years. The takeaway: If you've been sleeping on the same mattress for 9 or 10 years (or more), it's time to get a new one. Almost any new replacement is going to be better than the saggy foundation of an old mattress. But it may pay to spring for at least a mid-priced model.


Question: How firm should a mattress be for lower back pain?

Answer: The latest thinking is that there isn't one type of mattress that's best for everyone, including people with chronic back pain. They used either "medium-firm" or "firm" mattresses for 90 days. Those in the medium group reported the least amount of discomfort. You might consider getting a memory foam mattress (instead of a traditional innerspring one). The foam molds to your body. The downside: Some memory foam mattresses keep in heat; and the material might have more chemicals.


Question: How long does a joint replacement last?

Answer: Here are some activities that you should probably avoid after hip or knee replacement, but speak with your doctor first: Jogging, running, or skiing Playing football, basketball, soccer, and other high-impact sports Doing karate or other martial arts Jumping rope Taking a high-impact aerobics class Your new knee or hip can last for more than 15 years, especially if you treat it well. But the more stress and strain you put on the joint, the sooner it is likely to wear out or become loose. Just as before you had joint replacement surgery, activities that put less weight on your joints, like swimming and cycling, are particularly good for exercising a new joint without overstressing it.


Question: How can I know if I'm ready for joint replacement surgery for osteoarthritis?

Answer: Ask yourself these questions: Can I still do the things I enjoy doing, like golfing, shopping or playing with my grandchildren? Do the medications I take, and/or physical therapy, still alleviate the pain reasonably well? Can I sleep at night without waking up multiple times due to pain? Can I still do daily activities, like getting out of a chair, going up and down stairs, using the toilet, and getting into and out of the car without much difficulty? If the answers to all of these questions are yes, then you probably don't need to consider joint replacement surgery yet. On the other hand, if you answered ânoâ to most of them, then you should discuss joint replacement surgery as a possible option with your doctor.


Question: What is a joint replacement surgery for osteoarthritis?

Answer: Joint replacement or other surgical procedures are sometimes considered the âtreatment of last resortâ for people with osteoarthritis. Doctors frequently tell patients to wait as long as possible before joint replacement, but to get the best results, it should also not be delayed too long.


Question: What  activities do I need to avoid after a hip of knee joint replacement surgery?

Answer: If you're in your 90s, your doctor may discuss with you whether or not the risks of surgery are greater than the long-term benefits you may get from a new joint. High impact activities should be avoided for the rest of your life. Here are some activities that you should probably avoid after hip or knee replacement, but speak with your doctor first: Jogging, running, or skiing Playing football, basketball, soccer, and other high-impact sports Doing karate or other martial arts Jumping rope Taking a high-impact aerobics class Your new knee or hip can last for more than 15 years, especially if you treat it well.


Question: What exercises do I need to do after a joint replacement surgery?

Answer: In order to get the most function out of your new joint, there's a lot of hard work to be done right after surgery. Before pursuing joint replacement surgery, you should commit to an exercise program that will include: Regular walking, first at home and later outdoors and for longer distance, aimed at gradually and safely increasing your mobility Gradually resuming other normal daily activities, like standing, climbing stairs, and getting up and down from a chair Daily, regular exercises designed to strengthen the muscles around your new joint; after your physical therapist teaches you these exercises, you can often do them at home.


Question: What are conditions that may make joint replacement surgery riskier?

Answer: There are several conditions that may make joint replacement surgery riskier, including: Obesity . Your doctor may ask you to lose some weight before undergoing surgery, which will both lessen the risks of surgery (such as infections, bleeding, and problems with anesthesia) and give your new hip or knee a better chance of success. If you're in your 90s, your doctor may discuss with you whether or not the risks of surgery are greater than the long-term benefits you may get from a new joint. Bone density. Heart, lung, or kidney disease.


Question: How much can joint replacement surgery for osteoarthritis help?

Answer: The vast majority of people who undergo joint replacement surgery experience dramatic reductions in pain and a great improvement in their ability to do everyday things like going to the store, cleaning house, walking around town, and engaging in light exercise like walking, swimming, ballroom dancing, and stair climbing. According to a study published in June 2008 in the Archives of Internal Medicine, older adults who had joint replacement surgery improved significantly on measurements of arthritis symptoms one year later compared with people who did not have the surgery.


Question: What is a carbuncle?

Answer: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } A carbuncle is a red, swollen, and painful cluster of boils that are connected to each other under the skin. A boil (or furuncle) is an infection of a hair follicle that has a small collection of pus (called an abscess) under the skin. Usually single, a carbuncle is most likely to occur on a hairy area of the body such as the back or nape of the neck. But a carbuncle also can develop in other areas of the body such as the buttocks, thighs, groin, and armpits.


Question: What are complications of carbuncles?

Answer: Sometimes, carbuncles are caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ( MRSA) bacteria, and require treatment with potent prescription antibiotics if the lesions are not drained properly. In rare cases, bacteria from a carbuncle can escape into the bloodstream and cause serious complications, including sepsis and infections in other parts of the body such as the lung, bones, joints, heart, blood, and central nervous system. Sepsis is an overwhelming infection of the body that is a medical emergency and can be fatal if left untreated. Symptoms include chills, a spiking fever, rapid heart rate, and a feeling of being extremely ill.


Question: What is the home treatment for carbuncles?

Answer: The cardinal rule is to avoid squeezing or irritating a carbuncle, which increases the risk of complications and severe scarring. Warm compresses may promote the drainage and healing of carbuncles. Gently soak the carbuncle in warm water, or apply a clean, warm, moist washcloth for 20 minutes several times per day. Similar strategies include covering the carbuncle with a clean, dry cloth and gently applying a heating pad or hot water bottle for 20 minutes several times per day. After each use, washcloths or cloths should be washed in hot water and dried at a high temperature. Washing the carbuncle and covering the area with a sterile bandage also may promote drainage and healing and help prevent the infection from spreading. Over-the-counter medications such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen can help relieve the pain of an inflamed carbuncle. It's important to thoroughly wash your hands after touching a carbuncle. Launder any clothing, bedding, and towels that have touched a carbuncle and avoid sharing bedding, clothing, or other personal items.


Question: What should I know about carbuncles?

Answer: Carbuncles are more likely than boils to leave scars. An active boil or carbuncle is contagious: the infection can spread to other parts of the person's body or to other people through skin-to-skin contact or the sharing of personal items. So it's important to practice appropriate self-care measures, like keeping the area clean and covered, until the carbuncle drains and heals. Carbuncles require medical treatment to prevent or manage complications, promote healing, and minimize scarring. Contact your doctor if you have a boil or boils that have persisted for more than a few days.


Question: How long do carbuncles take to heal?

Answer: But treatment with antibiotics may be necessary in cases such as: When MRSA is involved and drainage is incomplete There is surrounding soft-tissue infection (cellulitis) A person has a weakened immune system An infection has spread to other parts of the body Depending on severity, most carbuncles heal within two to three weeks after medical treatment.


Question: What causes carbuncles?

Answer: Most carbuncles are caused by Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, which inhabit the skin surface, throat, and nasal passages. These bacteria can cause infection by entering the skin through a hair follicle, small scrape, or puncture, although sometimes there is no obvious point of entry.


Question: How can my doctor treat carbuncles?

Answer: Washing the carbuncle and covering the area with a sterile bandage also may promote drainage and healing and help prevent the infection from spreading. Some of the pus can be collected and sent to a lab to identify the bacteria causing the infection and check for susceptibility to antibiotics.


Question: What are the warning signs of an acetaminophen overdose?

Answer: If you think you may have accidentally taken too much acetaminophen, you may have: Nausea Loss of appetite Vomiting Sweating Diarrhea These symptoms may not start until hours after you've taken the drug. By the time you notice something's wrong, your liver may already be severely damaged. If you have questions about whether you took the right amount, call your local poison control center, which will tell you if you need to go to the ER. If you think someone may have overdosed, call 911.


Question: How can you pass the daily limit for acetaminophen?

Answer: Common reasons people mistakenly pass the daily limit include: They take too much at once. They don't wait long enough between doses.


Question: What drugs contain acetaminophen?

Answer: It's still fine to use acetaminophen. For instance, if it's in your headache pill and your cold medicine, and you take them both, you could get more than you should.


Question: When should you talk to your doctor about taking acetaminophen?

Answer: In extreme cases, it can even cause liver failure. If you're not sure how much is OK, ask your doctor or pharmacist.


Question: How can acetaminophen affect your liver?

Answer: You use it to ease aches and pains or bring down a fever. When you follow the instructions on those pill-bottle labels, it's helpful and safe, and it generally doesn't upset the stomach like other pain relievers. In extreme cases, it can even cause liver failure. It's still fine to use acetaminophen. You just need to know how to do that safely. For instance, if it's in your headache pill and your cold medicine, and you take them both, you could get more than you should.


Question: Could I be allergic to echinacea if I am allergic to other plants?

Answer: If this happens, you might get: Rashes Worsening of asthma symptoms Anaphylaxis (a life-threatening emergency that can cause trouble breathing) You might be at higher risk of having a reaction to echinacea if you're allergic to other plants in the daisy family. This includes ragweed, chrysanthemums, and marigolds.


Question: What is echinacea?

Answer: It's a flowering plant that grows in the U. S. and Canada, and it's been used as medicine for centuries. There are nine species. Some of its common names are the purple coneflower or black-eyed Susan. The leaves, stems, flower, and roots are used to make supplements, liquid extracts, and teas.


Question: How long should you take echinacea?

Answer: Some experts say you shouldn't take echinacea for more than 8 weeks at a time. Although there is no evidence that the herb would cause harm after this point, doctors don't know enough yet about its long-term safety.


Question: What are possible reasons for conflicting results of studies on echinacea?

Answer: Still, sometimes it's hard to compare the results of different studies, because they look at different types and strengths of echinacea, as well as different parts of the plant or root. It's possible that some versions are better than others. Also, it's possible the herbal remedy may be useful against some, but not all, of the more than 200 viruses that cause colds.


Question: Is echinacea regulated in the United States?

Answer: Keep in mind that herbal remedies like echinacea aren't regulated in the U. S. the way medications are. The makers of supplements don't have to show their products are safe or effective before they go on the market. Also, there's a chance that what you buy at the drugstore may not actually have what the label says it does.


Question: Can my doctor give me information about herbal cold remedies?

Answer: If you're interested in using echinacea or another alternative treatment, talk to your doctor. Remember, herbal remedies may have risks, just like any drug. They can cause side effects and could affect how other medications work.


Question: Should I try echinacea?

Answer: Research shows it increases the number of white blood cells, which fight infections. Two studies funded by the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health did not find any help for a cold from echinacea in either children or adults, though. Some experts say you shouldn't take echinacea for more than 8 weeks at a time. If you're interested in using echinacea or another alternative treatment, talk to your doctor.


Question: Are there side effects of echinacea?

Answer: Extracts of echinacea do seem to have an effect on the immune system, your body's defense against germs. The most common side effect is upset stomach. But some people can have allergic reactions. If this happens, you might get: Rashes Worsening of asthma symptoms Anaphylaxis (a life-threatening emergency that can cause trouble breathing) You might be at higher risk of having a reaction to echinacea if you're allergic to other plants in the daisy family.


Question: When can you breastfeed your baby if you have tuberculosis (TB)?

Answer: After your baby is born, you should be able to breastfeed her safely, even if you're still taking first-line drugs for TB. If you're on isoniazid, keep taking vitamin B6 while you nurse your newborn. Although some of the drug will pass into your breast milk, the amount is too little to cause any harm.


Question: What are the effects of tuberculosis (TB) drugs during pregnancy?

Answer: Catch TB from you after birth, if your disease is active and you aren't being treated You may worry that taking medicine for tuberculosis may harm your unborn child. It's much worse to leave it untreated. TB drugs you take do reach your baby. But they haven't been shown to cause harm in unborn babies. Some TB drugs can lead to birth defects or other problems in a growing baby. But your doctor won't prescribe those drugs if you're pregnant or thinking about getting pregnant. The medicine you get will depend on what kind of TB you have.


Question: What sleep milestones should you expect in your 5-month-old?

Answer: He can pull objects closer and pick them up in the palm of his hand then move them adeptly from one hand to the other. He may even be able to hold a bottle or sippy cup by himself. Most babies sleep through the night by five months, but not all. To encourage your baby to get into a regular nighttime sleep rhythm, establish a bedtime routine.


Question: What communication milestones should you expect in your 5-month-old?

Answer: Your baby should be babbling away by now, and those babbles might even be starting to sound like real words. Five-month-olds can begin to put consonant and vowel sounds together (such as ''ba-ba''). If you hear a ''ma-ma'' or ''da-da'' in the mix, don't get too excited. Babies at this age haven't yet assigned meaning to words. Wait another couple of months and those ''ma-mas'' and ''da-das'' will be directed at you. At five months, babies are starting to make sense of the sounds they hear, such as a dog barking or a car engine starting. Though they can't yet understand words, they may turn their head at the sound of their name or a simple command like ''no.''


Question: What motor skills milestones should you expect in your 5-month-old?

Answer: Five-month-old babies can sit upright for longer periods of time. Your baby probably still needs to be propped up with a pillow or Boppy, but he may also be able to sit unsupported for a few seconds at a time. Some 5-month-olds can start rolling over from their back to their tummy. Once your baby does roll over, you may notice him working his legs and rocking. He's getting ready for crawling and scooting, which are just a couple of months away! But remember, when baby is able to roll over, make sure you never leave him on a bed or other high surface where he can accidentally roll off and get injured. Another thing you'll notice at five months is that your baby's grasp is getting stronger. He can pull objects closer and pick them up in the palm of his hand then move them adeptly from one hand to the other.


Question: What milestones should you expect in your 5-month-old?

Answer: You can expect him to make his first attempts at real speech. He's also gearing up to start crawling, which means you need to be ready for your little one's new mobility. This portion of Web MD's month-by-month guide describes a few of the baby milestones you can expect your child to reach at five months. Five-month-old babies can sit upright for longer periods of time.


Question: What are some tips for your babyâs fifth month?

Answer: Babies love music. Play all kinds of songs for your 5-month-old, from classical to jazz to pop. He will clap, smile, and maybe even babble along. Give your baby simple, colorful toys like a soft block or rattle to play with. When you hand over each item, name it ('' This is a block,'' '' That's a rattle'') to help teach your baby new words. Consider removing the mobile hanging over your baby's crib. Once babies can push up onto their hands and knees, they can get caught up in the mobile's hanging cords. If you haven't baby-proofed your house by now, make sure you do it soon. Cover all electrical outlets, place household cleaners and other hazardous materials in locked cabinets, and put away all choking hazards. Also be very careful about not leaving steaming mugs of coffee or curling irons on countertops where your baby might pull them down.


Question: What senses milestones should you expect in your 5-month-old?

Answer: Your 5-month-old's vision is continuing to improve. At this point, babies still don't have 20/20 vision, but they can see well at different distances and their eyes can focus together without crossing. At five months, your baby's color perception has sharpened to the point where he can tell the difference between two shades of the same color. But babies at this age still prefer primary colors such as red, blue, and yellow.


Question: How do you get medical marijuana?

Answer: To get medical marijuana, you need a written recommendation from a licensed doctor in states where that is legal. ( Not every doctor is willing to recommend medical marijuana for their patients.) You must have a condition that qualifies for medical marijuana use. Each state has its own list of qualifying conditions. Your state may also require you to get a medical marijuana ID card. Once you have that card, you can buy medical marijuana at a store called a dispensary.


Question: Is medical marijuana regulated?

Answer: Another issue is that the FDA doesn't oversee medical marijuana like it does prescription drugs. Although states monitor and regulate sales, they often don't have the resources to do so. That means the strength of and ingredients in medical marijuana can differ quite a bit depending on where you buy it. "


Question: What is medical marijuana used for?

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Question: How do you take medical marijuana?

Answer: To take medical marijuana, you can: Smoke it Inhale it through a device called a vaporizer that turns it into a mist Eat it -- for example, in a brownie or lollipop Apply it to your skin in a lotion, spray, oil, or cream Place a few drops of a liquid under your tongue How you take it is up to you. Each method works differently in your body. " If you smoke or vaporize cannabis, you feel the effects very quickly," Bonn- Miller says. " If you eat it, it takes significantly longer. It can take 1 to 2 hours to experience the effects from edible products."


Question: How is medical marijuana regulated?

Answer: Another issue is that the FDA doesn't oversee medical marijuana like it does prescription drugs. Although states monitor and regulate sales, they often don't have the resources to do so. That means the strength of and ingredients in medical marijuana can differ quite a bit depending on where you buy it. "


Question: Is medical marijuana a legal form of treatment?

Answer: More than half of U. S. states and the District of Columbia have legalized medical marijuana in some form, and more are considering bills to do the same. Yet while many people are using marijuana, the FDA has only approved it for treatment of two rare and severe forms of epilepsy, Dravet syndrome and Lennox- Gastaut syndrome.


Question: How effective is medical marijuana?

Answer: The greatest amount of evidence for the therapeutic effects of cannabis relate to its ability to reduce chronic pain, nausea and vomiting due to chemotherapy, and spasticity [tight or stiff muscles] from MS," Bonn- Miller says.


Question: Is medical marijuana addictive?

Answer: The National Institute on Drug Abuse says marijuana can be addictive and is considered a âgateway drugâ to using other drugs. " The higher the level of THC and the more often you use, the more likely you are to become dependent," Bonn- Miller says. " You have difficulty stopping if you need to stop.


Question: What is medical marijuana?

Answer: It's basically the same product as recreational marijuana, but it's taken for medical purposes. The marijuana plant contains more than 100 different chemicals called cannabinoids. Each one has a different effect on the body. Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol ( THC) and cannabidiol ( CBD) are the main chemicals used in medicine. THC also produces the "high" people feel when they smoke marijuana or eat foods containing it.


Question: Why has so little research been done about medical marijuana?

Answer: One reason is that the U. S. Drug Enforcement Administration ( DEA) considers marijuana a Schedule I drug, the same as heroin, LSD, and ecstasy, and likely to be abused and lacking in medical value. Because of that, researchers need a special license to study it, says Marcel Bonn- Miller, Ph D, a substance abuse specialist at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. That may not change anytime soon. The DEA considered reclassifying marijuana as a Schedule II drug like Ritalin or oxycodone, but decided ito keep it as a Schedule I drug. The agency did, however, agree to support additional research on marijuana and make the process easier for researchers."


Question: What are the medical benefits of cannabinoids?

Answer: Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol ( THC) and cannabidiol ( CBD) are the main chemicals used in medicine. Research suggests cannabinoids might: Reduce anxiety Reduce inflammation and relieve pain Control nausea and vomiting caused by cancer chemotherapy Kill cancer cells and slow tumor growth Relax tight muscles in people with MS Stimulate appetite and improve weight gain in people with cancer and AIDS Medical marijuana received a lot of attention a few years ago when parents said that a special form of the drug helped control seizures in their children.


Question: Has the FDA approved medical marijuana?

Answer: The FDA recently approved Epidiolex, which is made from CBD, as a therapy for people with very severe or hard-to-treat seizures. The cannabidiol Epidiolex was approved in 2018 for treating seizures associated with two rare and severe forms of epilepsy, Lennox- Gastaut syndrome and Dravet syndrome.


Question: Why isn't there more research on medical marijuana?

Answer: Because of that, researchers need a special license to study it, says Marcel Bonn- Miller, Ph D, a substance abuse specialist at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. That may not change anytime soon. The DEA considered reclassifying marijuana as a Schedule II drug like Ritalin or oxycodone, but decided ito keep it as a Schedule I drug. The agency did, however, agree to support additional research on marijuana and make the process easier for researchers." And you need more and more of it to have the same effect."


Question: What does psoriasis on your lips look like?

Answer: Psoriasis here is rare, but it does happen. Most of the time, patches are white or gray. They can be uncomfortable and may affect the way you talk and chew.


Question: What does psoriasis on your genitals look like?

Answer: Psoriasis can affect your genitals. Some people only have it on their genitals. These flares are usually pink or red. They usually have little or no flaking or scaling. Psoriasis can also cause painful cracks, particularly between the buttocks.


Question: What can you do to treat psoriasis on your lips?

Answer: What you can do: Talk to your doctor right away. She will probably recommend a low-potency steroid cream, like 1% hydrocortisone ointment. She may suggest a steroid-free treatment like pimecrolimus or tacrolimus, which will suppress your immune system.


Question: What are the signs of psoriasis and nail problems?

Answer: If you have either, you might notice your nails are: Pitted, with âpockingâ or holes in the nail Thicker than normal or discolored Separated from the nail bed What you can do: You may be able to disguise mild nail changes by scraping, filing, or polishing your nails.


Question: What does scalp psoriasis look like?

Answer: That can look like and flake off like dandruff. It can even go past your hairline and onto your neck, ear area, and forehead. Scalp psoriasis is usually powdery looking. It may be silver in color. If your psoriasis or psoriatic arthritis is severe and affects other areas of your body, you might be prescribed a medication that deals with all your symptoms.


Question: What can you do to treat psoriasis and nail problems?

Answer: If you have either, you might notice your nails are: Pitted, with âpockingâ or holes in the nail Thicker than normal or discolored Separated from the nail bed What you can do: You may be able to disguise mild nail changes by scraping, filing, or polishing your nails. Try to keep your nails short. Avoid injury to them as much as you can, too. Many people with psoriasis have a fungal infection in their nails (called onychomycosis). Ask your doctor or dermatologist to see if you have it. If so, treating the fungal infection will help your nails. If you have severe psoriasis or psoriatic arthritis, your doctor may want you to take a prescription medication that affects your whole body. That should ease nail problems, too. Your doctor may point you to: Tar products Salicylic acid Corticosteroid creams or ointments You'll probably have more success if you use more than one of these at a time.


Question: How common are nail problems in people with psoriasis?

Answer: That goes up to 80% in those with psoriatic arthritis. At least half of those with psoriasis have it here.


Question: What are symptoms of depression in children?

Answer: The primary symptoms of depression revolve around sadness, a feeling of hopelessness, and mood changes and may include: Irritability or anger Continuous feelings of sadness or hopelessness Social withdrawal Increased sensitivity to rejection Changes in appetite -- either increased or decreased Changes in sleep -- sleeplessness or excessive sleep Vocal outbursts or crying Difficulty concentrating Fatigue and low energy Physical complaints (such as stomachaches, headaches) that do not respond to treatment Reduced ability to function during events and activities at home or with friends, in school, extracurricular activities, and in other hobbies or interests Feelings of worthlessness or guilt Impaired thinking or concentration Thoughts of death or suicide Not all children have all of these symptoms.


Question: What are the warning signs of suicide risk in children?

Answer: Warning signs of suicidal behavior in children include: Many depressive symptoms (changes in eating, sleeping, activities, or restlessness/agitation) Social isolation Talk of suicide, hopelessness, or helplessness Increased acting-out of undesirable behaviors (sexual/behavioral) Increased risk-taking behaviors Frequent accidents Substance abuse Focus on morbid and negative themes Talk about death and dying Increased crying or reduced emotional expression Giving away possessions As in adults, depression in children can be caused by any combination of factors that relate to physical health, life events, family history, environment, genetic vulnerability, and biochemical disturbance.


Question: What are treatment options for children with depression?

Answer: Treatment options for children with depression are similar to those for adults, including psychotherapy (counseling) and medicine. The role that family and the child's environment play in the treatment process is different from that of adults. Your child's health care provider may suggest psychotherapy first, and consider antidepressant medicine as an additional option if symptoms are especially severe or if there is not significant improvement from psychotherapy alone. Currently, there are no good studies documenting the effectiveness of medicine over psychotherapy in children.


Question: Who is at risk for childhood depression?

Answer: Children with a family history of depression are at greater risk of experiencing depression themselves. Children who have parents that suffer from depression tend to develop their first episode of depression earlier than children whose parents do not. Children from chaotic or conflicted families, or children and teens who abuse substances like alcohol and drugs, are also at greater risk of depression.


Question: Is childhood depression the same as sadness?

Answer: But if these symptoms become persistent, disruptive and interfere with social activities, interests, schoolwork and family life, it may indicate that he or she is suffering from the medical condition depression. The role that family and the child's environment play in the treatment process is different from that of adults.


Question: What are benefits of preterm formulas in supplemental feeding?

Answer: For babies who were born early and aren't able to breast-feed, doctors often recommend a formula made specially for premature babies. These formulas are higher in calories than breast milk. They also contain: Extra protein Vitamins Minerals Special formulas.


Question: Can my baby use formula if she's allergic to milk?

Answer: Babies who are allergic to milk proteins may need a special formula that contains broken-down versions of these proteins. There are also formulas for babies who have trouble digesting or absorbing nutrients from food.


Question: Why do parents need to consider supplement options for premature babies?

Answer: Your doctor might also recommend supplementing breast milk with formula or switching over to formula if your baby is in one of these situations: Low blood sugar Dehydrated Loses too much body weight Has a high level of jaundice Can't get enough nutrition because he's not nursing well or you aren't producing enough milk Many premature babies can tolerate breast milk. In fact, it's an ideal source of nutrition. Yet for babies who are born very small, breast milk might not be enough.


Question: What are fortifiers for babies who need supplemental feeding?

Answer: But sometimes babies have trouble nursing or need extra nutrition. In those cases, your doctor might recommend adding formula or fortifying your breast milk. Fortifiers contain: Extra calories Vitamins Protein Minerals Preterm formulas.


Question: What is supplemental feeding for a baby?

Answer: But sometimes babies have trouble nursing or need extra nutrition. In those cases, your doctor might recommend adding formula or fortifying your breast milk. They'll get a fluid mix that contains sugar, protein, fat, vitamins, and minerals to help them grow. To make sure your baby is growing quickly enough, your doctor might recommend adding a liquid or powdered fortifier to breast milk.


Question: Where does angina hurt?

Answer: You usually feel angina in your chest, but you might feel it in your: Arms Back Jaw Neck Shoulder Symptoms are often subtler in women.


Question: Can ischemia happen when youâre at rest?

Answer: If this happens to you, call your doctor or go to the emergency room. Ischemia can happen without warning in anyone with heart disease, although it is more common in people with diabetes.


Question: What is EECP for heart disease?

Answer: People who have chronic angina but haven't gotten any help from nitrate medications or don't qualify for some procedures may find relief with this. It's an outpatient procedure -- one where you won't need to be admitted to the hospital -- that uses cuffs on the legs that inflate and deflate to boost blood supply to your coronary arteries.


Question: What is angiogenesis for heart disease?

Answer: For this treatment, you'll get stem cells and other genetic material through your vein or directly into your damaged heart tissue. It helps new blood vessels grow and go around the clogged ones.


Question: How does coronary artery disease develop?

Answer: Plaque can start to collect along your blood vessel walls when you're young and build up as you get older. That buildup inflames those walls and raises the risk of blood clots and heart attacks. The plaque makes the inner walls of your blood vessels sticky. Things like inflammatory cells, lipoproteins, and calcium attach to the plaque as they travel through your bloodstream.


Question: How is coronary artery disease diagnosed?

Answer: Your doctor can tell if you have coronary artery disease after: They learn your symptoms, medical history, and risk factors. They do a physical exam. You might also get diagnostic tests so your doctor can find the extent of your coronary artery disease and its effect on your heart. This helps them choose the best treatment for you.


Question: What lifestyle changes help treat coronary artery disease?

Answer: Eat less processed food, and change to a low-trans-fat, low-salt, and low-sugar diet. Keep your blood sugar in control if you have diabetes. Exercise regularly (but talk to your doctor before starting an exercise program). Medications . Call your doctor if you feel new symptoms or if the ones you're used to become more frequent or severe.


Question: What is pseudogout?

Answer: Pseudogout is a similar but generally less painful condition caused by calcium pyrophosphate crystals in the joints. While it can affect the large toe, it is more commonly seen in larger joints such as the knee, wrist, or ankle. More common after age 60 in both sexes, pseudogout is treated with anti-inflammatory agents.


Question: What causes gout?

Answer: Any extra uric acid usually filters through the kidneys and gets passed in urine. If the body produces too much uric acid or fails to excrete it in the urine, crystals of monosodium urate form in the joints and tendons. These crystals cause intense inflammation leading to pain swelling and redness.


Question: Is gout more common in men or women?

Answer: More than 8 million Americans suffer from gout. Women are more prone to gout after menopause, and it is rare in children and young adults. Men who are overweight or suffering from high blood pressure are particularly prone to gout, especially if they are taking thiazide diuretics (water pills). It used to be known as "the disease of kings" since it was mainly seen in wealthy men who drank and ate too much.


Question: What causes a pilonidal cyst?

Answer: Most doctors think that ingrown hairs are the reason for many of them. Pilonidal means "nest of hair," and doctors sometimes find hair follicles inside the cyst. Another theory is that pilonidal cysts appear after a trauma to that region of your body.


Question: How can I ease the pain of a pilonidal cyst?

Answer: Early in the infection of a pilonidal cyst, the redness, swelling, and pain may not be too bad. Some things you might want to try: To ease any pain, soak in a tub of warm water. Sometimes, your cyst may open and drain on its own this way. Take nonprescription pain medicine, but follow the dosing instructions. Keep the cyst and area around it clean and dry.


Question: How is a pilonidal cyst diagnosed?

Answer: Your doctor can diagnose a pilonidal cyst with a physical exam and by asking you questions about it. Among the things he may ask you: When did you first feel symptoms? Have you had this problem before? Have you had a fever? What medications or supplements do you take?


Question: What are symptoms of a pilonidal cyst?

Answer: The symptoms of a pilonidal cyst include: Pain, redness, and swelling at the bottom of the spine Pus or blood draining out of it Bad smell from the pus Tenderness to the touch Fever They can vary in size. Yours may be a small dimple or cover a large, painful area.


Question: Who's at risk for a pilonidal cyst?

Answer: It is more common in men than in women. It usually happens more often in younger people. People who sit a lot, such as truck drivers, have a higher chance of getting one. This dimple can tend to get infected, though doctors aren't exactly sure why. Disadvantages -- You're more likely to have more problems with the cyst down the road.


Question: What is a pilonidal cyst?

Answer: It's called a pilonidal cyst, and it can become infected and filled with pus. Once infected, the technical term is âpilonidal abscess,â and it can be painful. It looks like a large pimple at the bottom of your tailbone. If your cyst becomes a problem, your doctor can drain it or take it out through surgery.


Question: What causes leukemia?

Answer: People who have it have certain abnormal chromosomes, but the chromosomes don't cause the leukemia. You can't really prevent leukemia, but it may be possible that certain things in your environment could trigger the development of it. For example, if you are a tobacco smoker, you are more prone to some types of leukemia than a nonsmoker. It's also associated with a high amount of radiation exposure and certain chemicals. Some kinds of chemotherapy and radiation therapy used to treat other cancers can actually cause leukemia. The chance that you'll develop leukemia depends on the types of chemotherapy drugs used. Family history is another risk factor for leukemia. For example, if an identical twin gets a certain type of leukemia, there is a 20% chance the other twin will have it within a year.


Question: How is radiation used to treat leukemia?

Answer: You can get the medicine: Through an injection into a vein or muscle As a pill Into the fluid around your spinal cord Radiation uses high-energy X-rays to kill leukemia cells or keep them from growing. You can get it in only one part of your body where there are a lot of cancer cells, or all over.


Question: How is leukemia treated?

Answer: The treatment you get depends on the type of leukemia you have, how far it has spread, and how healthy you are.


Question: How is chemotherapy used to treat leukemia?

Answer: But the main options are: Chemotherapy Radiation Biologic therapy Targeted therapy Stem cell transplant Surgery Chemotherapy uses drugs to kill cancer cells in your blood and bone marrow. You can get the medicine: Through an injection into a vein or muscle As a pill Into the fluid around your spinal cord Radiation uses high-energy X-rays to kill leukemia cells or keep them from growing.


Question: How is leukemia grouped?

Answer: Leukemia is grouped in two ways: How fast it develops and gets worse Which type of blood cell is involved (usually myeloid or lymphoid) These types are then put into one of two categories: acute or chronic. Acute leukemia happens when most of the abnormal blood cells stay immature and can't carry out normal functions. It can get bad very fast. Chronic leukemia happens when there are some immature cells, but others are normal and can function normally. That means it gets bad, but more slowly.


Question: How is surgery used to treat leukemia?

Answer: Your doctor can remove your spleen if it is filled with cancer cells and is pressing on nearby organs. This procedure is called splenectomy.


Question: How is biologic therapy used to treat leukemia?

Answer: But the main options are: Chemotherapy Radiation Biologic therapy Targeted therapy Stem cell transplant Surgery Chemotherapy uses drugs to kill cancer cells in your blood and bone marrow. Drugs like interleukins and interferon can help boost your body's natural defenses against leukemia.


Question: How is stem cell transplant used to treat leukemia?

Answer: But the main options are: Chemotherapy Radiation Biologic therapy Targeted therapy Stem cell transplant Surgery Chemotherapy uses drugs to kill cancer cells in your blood and bone marrow. You can get the medicine: Through an injection into a vein or muscle As a pill Into the fluid around your spinal cord Radiation uses high-energy X-rays to kill leukemia cells or keep them from growing. First you'll have high doses of chemotherapy to destroy the cancer cells in your bone marrow. Then you'll get the new stem cells through an infusion into one of your veins. They will grow into new, healthy blood cells.


Question: What reactions can cause myocarditis?

Answer: Other causes include certain chemicals or allergic reactions to medications or toxins like: Alcohol Drugs Lead Spider bites Wasp stings Snakebites Chemotherapy and radiation therapy An autoimmune disease that causes inflammation throughout your body, like lupus or rheumatoid arthritis, may also lead to myocarditis.


Question: Can myocarditis be cured?

Answer: Your outlook depends on: What causes your myocarditis Your overall health If you have complications You may recover completely. Or you may have a chronic condition. Either way, follow-up care can help keep track of any ongoing problems. It's also important to know that myocarditis can recur, although it's not common.


Question: When should you call your doctor about myocarditis?

Answer: Call him right away if you have symptoms of myocarditis. If you have or had an infection, it's more likely that you have the condition. Seek immediate medical care if your symptoms are severe. If chest pain, trouble breathing, or swelling have gotten worse since you were told you have myocarditis, call 911 or go to the hospital.


Question: What are symptoms of myocarditis?

Answer: Myocarditis often has no symptoms. In fact, most people recover and never even know they had it. If you do have symptoms, they may include: Shortness of breath during exercise at first, then at night while lying down Abnormal heartbeat, which causes fainting in rare cases Light-headedness A sharp or stabbing chest pain or pressure, which may spread to your neck and shoulders Fatigue Signs of infection, such as Fever Muscle aches Sore throat Headache Diarrhea Painful joints Swollen joints, legs, or neck veins Small amounts of urine If you have symptoms like these, your doctor will check you for an abnormal or rapid heartbeat, fluid in your lungs, or leg swelling.


Question: How do you diagnose myocarditis?

Answer: If you do have symptoms, they may include: Shortness of breath during exercise at first, then at night while lying down Abnormal heartbeat, which causes fainting in rare cases Light-headedness A sharp or stabbing chest pain or pressure, which may spread to your neck and shoulders Fatigue Signs of infection, such as Fever Muscle aches Sore throat Headache Diarrhea Painful joints Swollen joints, legs, or neck veins Small amounts of urine If you have symptoms like these, your doctor will check you for an abnormal or rapid heartbeat, fluid in your lungs, or leg swelling. To make sure it's myocarditis and spot causes, your doctor may order tests such as: Blood tests to check for infection, antibodies, or blood cell counts A chest X-ray so he can see your heart, lungs, and other chest structures An electrocardiogram ( EKG) to record your heart's electrical activity A heart ultrasound (echocardiogram) to make an image of your heart and its structures In a few cases, doctors order cardiac MRI scans or heart muscle biopsies to help confirm it.


Question: What infections can cause myocarditis?

Answer: Some things that can cause myocarditis include: Coxsackie B viruses Epstein- Barr virus ( EBV) Cytomegalovirus ( CMV) Hepatitis C Herpes HIV Parvovirus Chlamydia (a common sexually transmitted disease) Mycoplasma (bacteria that cause a lung infection) Streptococcal (strep) bacteria Staphylococcal (staph) bacteria Treponema (the cause of syphilis) Borrelia (the cause of Lyme disease) Fungal and parasitic infections can also cause it.


Question: What can cause myocarditis?

Answer: Myocarditis is inflammation of the heart muscle (myocardium). When you have one, your body produces cells to fight it. These cells release chemicals. Other causes include certain chemicals or allergic reactions to medications or toxins like: Alcohol Drugs Lead Spider bites Wasp stings Snakebites Chemotherapy and radiation therapy An autoimmune disease that causes inflammation throughout your body, like lupus or rheumatoid arthritis, may also lead to myocarditis.


Question: What can happen if you don't treat myocarditis?

Answer: To make sure it's myocarditis and spot causes, your doctor may order tests such as: Blood tests to check for infection, antibodies, or blood cell counts A chest X-ray so he can see your heart, lungs, and other chest structures An electrocardiogram ( EKG) to record your heart's electrical activity A heart ultrasound (echocardiogram) to make an image of your heart and its structures In a few cases, doctors order cardiac MRI scans or heart muscle biopsies to help confirm it. In rare cases, it leads to other problems, such as: Cardiomyopathy : The heart muscle weakens or the structure of the heart muscle changes. Myocarditis and cardiomyopathy are leading causes of heart transplants in the U. S. In very rare cases, myocarditis can lead to sudden death.


Question: How should you take care of your skin and feet if you have diabetic nerve pain?

Answer: Your skin may be dry and cracked because of high glucose levels, and cracked skin means it's easier for bacteria to get under your skin and harder for infections to heal. Use a small amount of skin lotion daily, but be sure your feet feel dry, not damp or sticky, afterward. Try not to get the lotion in between your toes. Keep your toenails trimmed and filed smooth to avoid ingrown toenails. You may find it easier to trim your nails after using lotion, when your cuticles are softer. Use a pumice stone after showering or bathing to softly file corns or calluses.


Question: How should you check your feet if you have diabetic nerve pain?

Answer: Look over both feet carefully every day, and be sure you check between all of your toes. Blisters and infections can start between your toes, and with diabetic neuropathy, you may not feel them until they've become irritated or infected. If a physical challenge keeps you from checking your own feet, ask a family member to help.


Question: How should you protect your feet if you have diabetic nerve pain?

Answer: Look over both feet carefully every day, and be sure you check between all of your toes. Wash both of your feet briefly each day with warm -- not hot -- water. And be sure to have your doctor take a good look at your feet during each of your diabetes checkups in case you've missed anything.


Question: What should you know about caring for your feet if you have diabetic nerve pain?

Answer: First, diabetes can reduce blood flow to your feet, depriving your feet of oxygen and nutrients. This makes it more difficult for blisters, sores, and cuts to heal. And second, the diabetic nerve damage called peripheral neuropathy can cause numbness in your feet. When you can't feel cuts and blisters, you're more likely to get sores and infections. If you don't notice or treat the sores, they can become deeply infected, and lead to amputation. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy can also cause sharp pain in your feet. You may become excruciatingly sensitive to the lightest touch, like the sheets on your bed. Fortunately, a little TLC goes a long way in preventing foot problems from diabetes. Controlling your blood glucose also helps reduce the symptoms of diabetic nerve pain.


Question: How often should the patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) pump be used?

Answer: The pump can be used whenever the patient is feeling pain. However, patients should not press the button on the machine if they are feeling too sleepy. The more alert the patient is, the more likely he or she is to participate in a therapy program to aid and possibly shorten recovery. Once the acute pain from surgery is controlled, the patient will be switched to pills for pain relief. PCA pumps have built-in safety features. The total amount of analgesic (pain reliever) that the patient can self administer is within a safe limit.


Question: What are eosinophils?

Answer: When you have eosinophilic asthma, you have inflammation in your respiratory system caused by cells called eosinophils. Eosinophils are white blood cells. They're part of your body's immune system, and normally, they help you fight disease. One of their jobs is to help cause swelling. That may sound odd, but swelling is one of your body's key tools in fighting germs. But too much swelling can cause problems.


Question: What medications can help with treating eosinophilic asthma?

Answer: Usually, you need to take corticosteroid pills, which can have more side effects than an inhaler. Several biologics are approved to reduce the frequency of eosinophilic asthma attacks. These include: Benralizumab ( Fasenra) Mepolizumab ( Nucala) Reslizumab ( Cinqair) Your respiratory system is your body's system for breathing.


Question: Who is more likely to get carpal tunnel syndrome?

Answer: Medical conditions sometimes linked to carpal tunnel syndrome include: Obesity Hypothyroidism Rheumatoid Arthritis Diabetes Pregnancy Trauma Women are three times more likely than men to get the condition. That may be because in general they have a smaller carpal tunnel than men. When the condition is brought on by pregnancy, the symptoms usually clear up within a few months after delivery.


Question: How is carpal tunnel syndrome treated?

Answer: Lifestyle changes. If your symptoms are due to repetitive motion, you can take more frequent breaks or do a bit less of the activity that's causing you pain. Certain stretching and strengthening exercises could help, too. Speak with your doctor. Immobilization. The doctor may have you use a splint to keep your wrist from moving and to lessen pressure on the nerves. You may wear one at night to help get rid of that numbness or tingling feeling. This can help you sleep better and give your median nerve a rest. Medication . Your doctor may give you anti-inflammatory drugs or steroid shots to reduce swelling. Surgery. If none of the above treatments work, an operation may be an option. Talk with your doctor about it.


Question: What can cause carpal tunnel syndrome?

Answer: But it can happen due to: Repetitive motions, like typing or any motions of the wrist that you do over and over. This is especially true of actions when your hands are lower than your wrist. Conditions like hypothyroidism, obesity, rheumatoid arthritis, and diabetes Pregnancy If you have carpal tunnel syndrome and don't get it treated, its symptoms can last a long time, get worse, and can even go away and return.


Question: What can happen if you don't treat carpal tunnel syndrome?

Answer: Conditions like hypothyroidism, obesity, rheumatoid arthritis, and diabetes Pregnancy If you have carpal tunnel syndrome and don't get it treated, its symptoms can last a long time, get worse, and can even go away and return. When your doctor diagnoses it early, it's easier to treat.


Question: What are the symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome?

Answer: You may feel a burning, tingling, or itching numbness in the palm of your hand and thumb, or index and middle fingers. You might first notice that your fingers "fall asleep" and become numb at night. That usually happens in the evening because of the relaxed position of your hand and while sleeping. In the morning, you may wake up with numbness and tingling in your hands that may run all the way to your shoulder.


Question: Which tests help diagnose carpal tunnel syndrome?

Answer: Those jobs include: Assembly line worker Sewer or knitter Baker Cashier Hair stylist Musician Your doctor may ask you to tap the palm side of your wrist or fully flex your wrist with your arms completely extended. Another test called EMG- NCV measures the function of the nerve across the carpal tunnel.


Question: Which jobs can cause carpal tunnel syndrome?

Answer: In the morning, you may wake up with numbness and tingling in your hands that may run all the way to your shoulder. Those jobs include: Assembly line worker Sewer or knitter Baker Cashier Hair stylist Musician Your doctor may ask you to tap the palm side of your wrist or fully flex your wrist with your arms completely extended.


Question: What medications can cause a psoriasis flare-up?

Answer: Drugs that are known to make things worse include: Lithium , used to treat psychiatric disorders Propranolol and possibly other beta-blockers, which are prescribed for heart conditions Quinidine ( Cardioquin or Quinidex), medications for heart arrhythmias If you're using any of these medications, ask your doctor about substitutes.


Question: Can moisturizing lotions help psoriasis?

Answer: Symptoms get worse when your skin is dry, so keep it moist with creams and lotions. Thick and oily ones, like petroleum jelly, are usually best. They're better at trapping moisture beneath the skin. To help remove scales, apply cream on top of them, then cover the area with plastic wrap or another waterproof material. Leave it on for a few hours, then remove.


Question: How can zapping stress help prevent psoriasis flare-ups?

Answer: Although it hasn't been proven, many people link flare-ups to stress. So, try to relieve your anxiety. That may be easier said than done, but you can try relaxation techniques like meditation or yoga, for starters.


Question: Should I watch how much alcohol I can drink if I have psoriasis?

Answer: The connection between alcohol and psoriasis isn't clear, but some think it can worsen symptoms, especially in men. Alcohol can be dangerous if you're using certain psoriasis drugs, so check with your doctor.


Question: How can I zap stress if I have psoriasis?

Answer: Although it hasn't been proven, many people link flare-ups to stress. So, try to relieve your anxiety. That may be easier said than done, but you can try relaxation techniques like meditation or yoga, for starters.


Question: How can getting some sun help prevent psoriasis flare-ups?

Answer: Hot weather usually makes it better, but not always. But make it brief -- about 20 minutes or so at a time. And use sunscreen. Sunburn can trigger psoriasis, and it raises your risk of skin cancer. Some medications can make your skin more sensitive to ultraviolet rays, so talk to your doctor first.


Question: How can avoiding dry, cold weather help prevent psoriasis flare-ups?

Answer: When you have psoriasis, it's important to follow the advice of your doctor. Hot weather usually makes it better, but not always.


Question: Should I take care of my skin and scalp when I have psoriasis?

Answer: Never pick at patches or scales, as you may make your psoriasis worse. Use caution when trimming your nails. If you cut yourself, it might make symptoms flare. If you have psoriasis on your scalp, rub your topical treatments -- such as tar shampoos -- into your scalp. Regular bathing with soothing products, such as tar solutions, may bring relief, too. Be especially careful when shaving.


Question: Should I follow a special diet if I have psoriasis?

Answer: The connection between alcohol and psoriasis isn't clear, but some think it can worsen symptoms, especially in men. Some people say their symptoms improve when they remove dairy or gluten. Exercise may also help. Some studies show excess weight can trigger flares, so stay at a healthy weight.


Question: Which medications should you avoid to prevent psoriasis flare-ups?

Answer: When you have psoriasis, it's important to follow the advice of your doctor. If you have psoriasis on your scalp, rub your topical treatments -- such as tar shampoos -- into your scalp. Drugs that are known to make things worse include: Lithium , used to treat psychiatric disorders Propranolol and possibly other beta-blockers, which are prescribed for heart conditions Quinidine ( Cardioquin or Quinidex), medications for heart arrhythmias If you're using any of these medications, ask your doctor about substitutes. Trauma to the skin can cause a flare, a condition called " Koebner's phenomenon."


Question: How can using a humidifier help prevent psoriasis flare-ups?

Answer: Symptoms get worse when your skin is dry, so keep it moist with creams and lotions. Turn on the humidifier when the air inside your house is dry.


Question: Should I use a humidifier when I have psoriasis?

Answer: Symptoms get worse when your skin is dry, so keep it moist with creams and lotions. Turn on the humidifier when the air inside your house is dry.


Question: If I have psoriasis, should I follow my doctor's advice?

Answer: It's important to keep your skin moist. Avoid acupuncture, tattoos, and do your best to prevent insect bites and chafing.


Question: Can the weather affect my psoriasis?

Answer: When you have psoriasis, it's important to follow the advice of your doctor. Hot weather usually makes it better, but not always.


Question: Can skin injuries cause a psoriasis flare-up?

Answer: It's important to keep your skin moist. Trauma to the skin can cause a flare, a condition called " Koebner's phenomenon." Infections can also cause problems. Be especially careful when shaving. Avoid acupuncture, tattoos, and do your best to prevent insect bites and chafing.


Question: How can you manage rheumatoid arthritis (RA) pain?

Answer: Start with these eight ideas: Take your pain medication on a schedule and as prescribed. Don't wait until you are in more pain and have to play "catch-up." Use a warm, moist compress to loosen up a stiff joint. Try an ice pack on an inflamed joint. Massage may also help. These tried-and-true treatments are easy and can provide some quick relief for mild symptoms. Make it a priority every day to relax. If you need ideas for healthy ways to manage stress, ask your doctor or a counselor. You may want to try meditation, too. Focus on things you enjoy. Join a support group. It's a great place to talk with people who know what you are going through because they are, too. Exercise. It will make your joints feel better, not worse. Even if you're in pain, there are some exercises you can do. Talk to your doctor or a physical therapist about what's best for you. Eat a healthy, balanced diet. Don't turn to âcomfort food,â cigarettes, or alcohol. Consider talking to a counselor. These professionals are a great source of support. They can help you look for new solutions to make your life better.


Question: Are there ways to avoid the pain of rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: Use a warm, moist compress to loosen up a stiff joint. Try an ice pack on an inflamed joint. Massage may also help. Make it a priority every day to relax. If you need ideas for healthy ways to manage stress, ask your doctor or a counselor. You may want to try meditation, too. Focus on things you enjoy. Join a support group. It's a great place to talk with people who know what you are going through because they are, too. Exercise. It will make your joints feel better, not worse. Even if you're in pain, there are some exercises you can do. Talk to your doctor or a physical therapist about what's best for you. Eat a healthy, balanced diet. Don't turn to âcomfort food,â cigarettes, or alcohol. These professionals are a great source of support. They can help you look for new solutions to make your life better.


Question: Is there a cure or treatment for bone metastasis?

Answer: But treatment can often help relieve symptoms. The kind of treatment your doctor recommends depends, in part, on what kind of primary cancer you have.


Question: How is radiation therapy used to treat bone metastasis?

Answer: High-energy X-rays can kill cancer cells or slow their growth. Alone or combined with other treatments, this can relieve symptoms of bone mets.


Question: Are bones usually formed or destroyed in bone metastasis?

Answer: This includes bones in the: Spine Pelvis Ribs Upper arms Thighs In some cases, areas of bone are destroyed (osteolytic). In other cases, new bone may form in response to bone metastasis (osteoblastic). In many cases of cancer such as breast cancer, either - or both -- bone destruction and new bone formation may occur.


Question: How is denosumab used in bone metastasis?

Answer: Denosumab ( Xgeva). Similar to bisphosphonates, this drug is injected to help keep bone from breaking down.