Question: Are people with life-threatening illnesses more likely to be depressed?

Answer: True, people facing a serious illness are more likely than healthy people to suffer depression or anxiety. One study of terminally ill cancer patients, for example, found that at least 17% were clinically depressed. Other research points to even higher numbers of people with terminal illness meeting the criteria for major depression.


Question: What are signs you or your loved one may have clinical depression due to a life-threatening illness?

Answer: Here are some of the signs that you or your loved one may be experiencing clinical depression: You don't feel like doing the activities you normally enjoy, even if they are things you can still physically do. Even when you do participate in things you once enjoyed, you find that you are getting little pleasure out of them. You have major changes in sleeping or eating habits -- sleeping or eating much more, or much less, than usual. ( These symptoms can sometimes be the side effects of certain medications or treatments.) You withdraw from your friends and family. You think or talk seriously about suicide.


Question: If you have life-threatening illness, why is talking about it important?

Answer: Much anxiety near the end of life may stem from not talking. Both the dying person and the people around the dying person are often reluctant to talk about what is happening because of how they think doing so will affect the other. Your palliative care team can help the family talk calmly and not be alarmist about the process, dispelling a lot of the anxiety and making it easier on everyone.


Question: How can clinical depression be treated?

Answer: The most effective treatments for clinical depression usually combine short-term psychotherapy with antidepressant medications as needed.


Question: What is cavernous sinus thrombosis?

Answer: In cavernous sinus thrombosis, a blood clot blocks a vein that runs through a hollow space underneath the brain and behind the eye sockets. These veins carry blood from the face and head back to the heart. The cause of cavernous sinus thrombosis is usually an infection. But other factors may play a role. Cavernous sinus thrombosis is a serious condition. It causes death in up to 30% of cases.


Question: What are tests for cavernous sinus thrombosis?

Answer: Doctors may order brain scans, including CT and MRI scans, to look for cavernous sinus thrombosis. They may also test blood or spinal fluid to check for signs of infection.


Question: What are symptoms of cavernous sinus thrombosis?

Answer: Symptoms of cavernous sinus thrombosis may include: Severe headache often accompanied by tearing Swelling, redness, or irritation around one or both eyes Drooping eyelids Inability to move the eye High fever Pain or numbness around the face or eyes Fatigue Vision loss or double vision Seizures Altered mental status that can range from confusion to coma Double vision and seizures are rare.


Question: Who is more likely to get cavernous sinus thrombosis?

Answer: Cavernous sinus thrombosis is more common in people who take certain medications such as oral contraceptives or who have underlying health conditions such as uncontrolled diabetes or cancer that may increase their risk for blood clots.


Question: How can someone with erythrodermic psoriasis soothe their skin from the outside?

Answer: To soothe your skin from the outside, you can use: Steroid cream or ointment moisturizers Wet wraps Oatmeal baths Other treatments. You may also need: Antibiotics to help prevent infection Pain medication Drugs to control itching Medications to relieve anxiety Some risk factors can't be avoided, like a family history of psoriasis.


Question: What can trigger erythrodermic psoriasis?

Answer: It can appear if you suddenly stop taking your oral psoriasis medication. Other triggers include: Alcoholism Drug reaction HIV Infection Oral steroid medicine Severe sunburn Stress Your doctor will start by asking about your health history and doing a physical exam.


Question: What treatments are used to treat erythrodermic psoriasis?

Answer: Treatment depends on how bad your symptoms are and whether you have other health problems. You may be prescribed a combination of one or more drugs: Cyclosporine ( Sandimmune), infliximab ( Remicade), or infliximab-abda ( Renflexis) and infliximab-dyyb ( Inflectra), may be the first line of defense. They work by stopping the attack of out-of-control immune cells. Your doctor may also prescribe acitretin ( Soriatane) or methotrexate to control cell growth. You might also take an immune-suppressing drug, such as adalimumab ( Humira), adalimumab-atto ( Amjevita), brodalumab ( Siliq), etanercept ( Enbrel), etanercept-szzs ( Erelzi), guselkumab ( Tremfya), ixekizumab ( Talz), secukinumab ( Cosentyx), or ustekinumab ( Stelara).


Question: Which drugs help treat erythrodermic psoriasis?

Answer: Treatment depends on how bad your symptoms are and whether you have other health problems. You may be prescribed a combination of one or more drugs: Cyclosporine ( Sandimmune), infliximab ( Remicade), or infliximab-abda ( Renflexis) and infliximab-dyyb ( Inflectra), may be the first line of defense. They work by stopping the attack of out-of-control immune cells. Your doctor may also prescribe acitretin ( Soriatane) or methotrexate to control cell growth. You might also take an immune-suppressing drug, such as adalimumab ( Humira), adalimumab-atto ( Amjevita), brodalumab ( Siliq), etanercept ( Enbrel), etanercept-szzs ( Erelzi), guselkumab ( Tremfya), ixekizumab ( Talz), secukinumab ( Cosentyx), or ustekinumab ( Stelara). These medicines are powerful and can have many side effects. Talk to your doctor to find out if they're right for you. Make sure she's aware of any other medical conditions you have or any other medications you take.


Question: What does erythrodermic psoriasis look like?

Answer: Fiery red skin from head to toe is the main symptom. Your skin is also covered in scales and peels off in large pieces. It can be very painful and itchy. You might see tiny blisters called pustules that are filled with pus. Symptoms can develop over time, but they can come on suddenly, too.


Question: What are some symptoms of erythrodermic psoriasis?

Answer: You also may have: Chills or fever Joint pain Rapid heartbeat Swollen ankles Your skin is important to your overall health.


Question: What are the symptoms of erythrodermic psoriasis?

Answer: Fiery red skin from head to toe is the main symptom. Your skin is also covered in scales and peels off in large pieces. It can be very painful and itchy. You might see tiny blisters called pustules that are filled with pus. Symptoms can develop over time, but they can come on suddenly, too. You also may have: Chills or fever Joint pain Rapid heartbeat Swollen ankles Your skin is important to your overall health.


Question: Why is erythrodermic psoriasis dangerous?

Answer: It helps control your body temperature, keeps germs and toxins out, and holds moisture in. Erythrodermic psoriasis throws all this off, and the results can be life-threatening. They include a dangerously low body temperature (hypothermia), the loss of much-needed proteins and fluids, and severe illnesses like sepsis and pneumonia. If you lose too much fluid, your heart won't have enough blood to pump. That can lead to shock, kidney failure, and heart failure.


Question: Does ADHD continue into adulthood?

Answer: ADHD begins in childhood and often lasts into adulthood. As many as 2 out of every 3 children with ADHD continue to have symptoms as adults.


Question: What signs of ADHD might a child show?

Answer: Children with ADHD often have trouble functioning at home and in school and can have difficulty making and keeping friends. If left untreated, ADHD may interfere with school and work, as well as with social and emotional development.


Question: How common is ADHD?

Answer: No one knows for sure whether ADHD is more common today, but it is very clear that the number of children getting diagnosed and treated for ADHD has risen over time. Some of this increase in diagnosis and treatment is due to greater awareness of the symptoms and an expansion of what is considered ADHD. Some experts feel that ADHD is over diagnosed, while others feel it is under diagnosed or under treated.


Question: Is ADHD more common in boys or girls?

Answer: ADHD is more common in boys, whose impulsivity and hyperactivity may appear as disruptive behavior. Inattentiveness is a hallmark of ADHD in girls, but because they aren't often disruptive in the classroom, they may be harder to diagnose.


Question: How hereditary is ADHD?

Answer: When one person is diagnosed with ADHD, there is a 25%-35% chance that another family member will also have the condition, compared to 4%-6% of the general public.


Question: What can happen if ADHD is left untreated?

Answer: Children with ADHD often have trouble functioning at home and in school and can have difficulty making and keeping friends. If left untreated, ADHD may interfere with school and work, as well as with social and emotional development.


Question: How can you tell if a blood clot is forming in your lung?

Answer: Watch out for symptoms like these: Severe pain in your chest and arm Sweating Trouble breathing A blood clot in your lung usually starts out in a deep vein in your arm or leg, then breaks off and travels to your lung. When this happens, you get what's called a pulmonary embolism, an extremely dangerous condition. Get medical help right away if you: Feel short of breath or have problems breathing Get pain in your chest Start to cough Begin to sweat Feel dizzy Blood clots here may be caused by fatty deposits in the walls of the blood vessels that bring blood to your brain.


Question: How can you tell if a blood clot is forming in your kidney?

Answer: Check with your doctor if you have problems like these: Nausea or vomiting Severe pain in your belly, which may be worse after you eat Diarrhea Bloody stools A sensation that feels like you're bloated A blood clot there can keep them from removing waste from your body. That can cause high blood pressure or even kidney failure. This is dangerous, so look out for these symptoms: Pain in the side of your belly, legs, or thighs Blood in your urine Fever Nausea or vomiting High blood pressure Sudden severe leg swelling Trouble breathing


Question: How can you tell if a blood clot is forming in your arms and legs?

Answer: See More: Dos and Don'ts of a Blood Clot When a blood clot forms in one of the deep veins in your arm or leg, way beneath your skin's surface, it could be something called a deep vein thrombosis ( DVT). That's dangerous because the clot could travel to your heart or lungs. You're more likely to get a DVT if you've haven't moved around for a long time, say after surgery or during a long plane trip. Get medical help right away if you notice any of these symptoms: Swelling. This can happen in the exact spot where the blood clot forms, or your entire leg or arm could puff up. Change in color. You might notice that your arm or leg takes on a red or blue tinge, or gets warm or itchy. Pain. As the clot gets worse, you may hurt or get sore. The feeling can range from a dull ache to intense pain. Trouble breathing. If this happens, it could mean that the clot has moved from your arm or leg to your lungs. You may also get a bad cough, and might even cough up blood. You may get pain in your chest or feel dizzy. Call 911 to get medical help right away.


Question: How can you tell if a blood clot is forming in your heart?

Answer: A blood clot that forms in or around your ticker may cause a heart attack. Watch out for symptoms like these: Severe pain in your chest and arm Sweating Trouble breathing A blood clot in your lung usually starts out in a deep vein in your arm or leg, then breaks off and travels to your lung.


Question: Does palliative care mean you are dying?

Answer: Not necessarily. It's true that palliative care does serve many people with life-threatening or terminal illnesses. But some people are cured and no longer need palliative care. Others move in and out of palliative care, as needed.


Question: What diseases can be treated with palliative care?

Answer: Today, patients with cancer, heart disease, chronic lung disease, AIDS, Alzheimer's, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ( ALS), and many other serious illnesses are eligible for palliative care.


Question: What are symptoms palliative care may help?

Answer: Here are some symptoms that palliative care may address: Pain Constipation Nausea and vomiting Diarrhea Bowel or bladder problems Loss of appetite, weight loss, or wasting Shortness of breath or labored breathing Coughing Depression Delirium or mental confusion Weakness Difficulty sleeping You may start palliative care at any stage of your illness, even as soon as you receive a diagnosis and begin treatment.


Question: How does someone prepare for an eye exam?

Answer: When you call to make an appointment for your exam, mention any vision problem you're having. Before you go, list any questions you want to ask the doctor. Also be ready to update him or her on any medicines you take and your (and your family's) eye health history. Bring your glasses and contact lenses along with the prescription with you. Also bring sunglasses for the trip home. The doctor might use eye drops to open up your pupils. This is called dilation. Your eyes will be sensitive to light afterward.


Question: Why should I see an eye doctor?

Answer: If you've had eye trouble in the past, or if you're at risk for developing it (if someone in your family had it), you should see an eye doctor every year. Why? You need to check to see if you have serious, sometimes "silent" problems that can affect your vision, like: Glaucoma Age-related macular degeneration Cataracts Diabetic retinopathy If your child has no risk factors for eye problems, she should get her vision checked as a newborn and again at every regular health visit.


Question: How often should I get my eyes checked?

Answer: It depends in part on your age and also on your eyes and family. If you're younger than 40 and have no eye problems, your doctor might suggest you get routine tests every 2 years. Or he could tell you that you don't need any tests. Ask what he thinks is best for you. If you're 40 or older, you should get your eyes checked every 1 to 2 years.


Question: What is a visual field test when getting an eye exam?

Answer: Visual field test (perimetry): Your visual field is the area you can see in front of you without moving your eyes. Using one of three tests, the eye doctor maps what you see at the edges (periphery) of your visual field and will use this map to diagnose eye conditions.


Question: What is an eye muscle movement test in an eye checkup?

Answer: You'll probably have all or most of the following eye tests, and possibly some other ones, too: Eye muscle movement test: This checks your eyes' alignment. The doctor will watch your eyes move while you follow a target (like a finger tip or his pen) as it moves in different directions.


Question: When should my child see their eye doctor?

Answer: You need to check to see if you have serious, sometimes "silent" problems that can affect your vision, like: Glaucoma Age-related macular degeneration Cataracts Diabetic retinopathy If your child has no risk factors for eye problems, she should get her vision checked as a newborn and again at every regular health visit. By the time she's 3, it will be easier for the doctor to assess her eyes. After the first grade, she should get eye tests every 1 to 2 years.


Question: How should I prepare for my eye exam?

Answer: When you call to make an appointment for your exam, mention any vision problem you're having. Before you go, list any questions you want to ask the doctor. Also be ready to update him or her on any medicines you take and your (and your family's) eye health history. Bring your glasses and contact lenses along with the prescription with you. Also bring sunglasses for the trip home. The doctor might use eye drops to open up your pupils. This is called dilation. Your eyes will be sensitive to light afterward.


Question: What are some side effects associated with taking aromatase inhibitors to treat breast cancer?

Answer: One serious side effect of aromatase inhibitors is osteoporosis, which can lead to bone fractures. You'll need bone density tests to check for osteoporosis. Other side effects include hot flashes, muscle and joint pain, memory problems, and a greater chance of heart disease.


Question: How is Tamoxifen taken to treat breast cancer?

Answer: Tamoxifen ( Nolvadex, Soltamox) is a pill you take daily. It's been prescribed for decades to treat breast cancer. Women of any age can use it, regardless of whether they've gone through menopause. Research shows that taking tamoxifen for 5 years lowers the chance of breast cancer recurrence and new breast cancers in women with ER-positive or ER-unknown breast tumors.


Question: How does ovarian ablation help with breast cancer?

Answer: If you haven't yet gone through menopause and have ER-positive cancer, your doctor may want to stop your ovaries from making estrogen. This can be done by: Aiming radiation at the ovaries Surgically removing the ovaries Taking a drug called luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone ( LHRH) agonist Your treatment may include both ovarian ablation and hormone therapy.


Question: What are large-cell carcinomas of the lung?

Answer: Large cell carcinomas, sometimes referred to as undifferentiated carcinomas, are the least common type of NSCLC, accounting for 10%-15% of all lung cancers. This type of cancer has a high tendency to spread to the lymph nodes and distant sites.


Question: What are adenocarcinomas of the lung?

Answer: They are: Adenocarcinomas are the most common type of NSCLC in the U. S. and comprise up to 40% of lung cancer cases. While adenocarcinomas are associated with smoking like other lung cancers, this type is also seen in non-smokers -- especially women -- who develop lung cancer. Most adenocarcinomas arise in the outer, or peripheral, areas of the lungs. They also have a tendency to spread to the lymph nodes and beyond.


Question: Why is bone health important for those with lupus?

Answer: Good nutrition is important for strong bones and muscles. For people with lupus, bone health is a particular concern. That's because medications used to treat it can increase the risk for osteoporosis, a condition in which the bones become less dense and break easily.


Question: What should I do if achieving or maintaining a healthy weight with lupus is a problem?

Answer: If weight loss or gain is a problem, it is important to speak with your doctor or nurse. The doctor or nurse can assess your diet and suggest a program to help control your weight. The program will probably include a low-fat diet and exercise. A registered dietitian can help you design a diet specifically for your needs and lifestyle.


Question: What types of diets can help those with lupus that are at risk for heart disease?

Answer: If your doctor finds you have risk factors for heart disease -- including high blood pressure or high cholesterol -- a low-fat diet and exercise may help. Your doctor may prescribe a low-sodium diet for high blood pressure.


Question: What foods can help improve bone health for those with lupus?

Answer: Eating foods high in calcium and vitamin D is important for bone health. When buying dairy products, choose ones that are either low-fat or fat-free. Good choices include: 1% or 1/2% skim milk low-fat, low-sodium yogurt low-fat cheese If you cannot drink milk, good alternatives include: lactose-free milk soy milk almond milk juices that are fortified with calcium and Vitamin D Dark green vegetables are another source of calcium. If you don't get enough calcium in your diet, your doctor will probably recommend a calcium supplement.


Question: How can a healthy diet help lupus?

Answer: If you have lupus, following a varied, healthy diet may help: Reduce inflammation and other symptoms Maintain strong bones and muscles Combat the side effects of medications Achieve or maintain a healthy weight Reduce the risk of heart disease Here's what you need to know about lupus, diet, and nutrition to gain these important benefits.


Question: What foods should people with lupus avoid?

Answer: Saturated fats, on the other hand, can raise cholesterol levels and may contribute to inflammation. So they should be limited. Sources of saturated fats include fried foods, commercial baked goods, creamed soups and sauces, red meat, animal fat, processed meat products, and high-fat dairy foods. That includes whole milk, half and half, cheeses, butter, and ice cream.


Question: Do your genes play a role in type 1 diabetes?

Answer: Your genes definitely play a role in type 1, a less common form of diabetes that's often diagnosed in children and young adults. But they're not the whole story. Like much in life, it's a mix of nature and nurture. Your environment, from where you grow up to the foods you eat, also matters. Researchers don't know exactly how -- and how much -- all those things affect your chances of getting the disease. Your genes set the stage, but you can't be certain how it'll all play out.


Question: Before I join a clinical trial that involves immunotherapy, what questions should I ask?

Answer: Only you and your doctor can decide if that's right for you. Before you enroll, you'll want to find out: The benefits of receiving an immunotherapy drug The risks of the medication(s) you're considering Who you'll be working with.


Question: Can oils ease nerve pain?

Answer: Some studies have shown that applying botanical oils such as geranium oil can reduce the pain of postherpetic neuralgia. Other oils, such as lavender oil, have been shown to help relax people, which may also help take the mind off nerve pain.


Question: Can meditating ease nerve pain?

Answer: Techniques such as guided imagery, meditation, biofeedback, and hypnosis help some people with nerve pain live better. Finding the right professional at a reasonable price can be challenging. Do your homework and ask for a referral from your doctor or someone whose advice you trust.


Question: Can capsaicin ease nerve pain?

Answer: Capsaicin cream, made from hot chili peppers, causes an uncomfortable burning sensation when initially applied. Some individuals find the burning sensation to be intolerable, especially when they are already suffering from a painful condition. But those who stick with it for weeks often report improvement in nerve pain (and less burning over time).


Question: Can sleep ease nerve pain?

Answer: Nerve pain can worsen at night, disrupting sleep and making it more difficult to cope with pain. Help break the cycle with good sleep habits. Limit afternoon caffeine intake, keep a consistent bedtime that allows for eight hours of sleep, and reserve the bedroom for sleep and sex.


Question: Does alcohol make nerve pain worse?

Answer: There's no magic number for how many alcoholic beverages you can have and still avoid nerve pain, but some experts advise four drinks or less per week. Sleep on it. Nerve pain can worsen at night, disrupting sleep and making it more difficult to cope with pain.


Question: Can lidocaine ease nerve pain?

Answer: The anesthetic lidocaine -- in gel, ointment, or patches -- is available in prescription and over-the-counter preparations. The relief from lidocaine is satisfying, although temporary.


Question: What diet tips can help you stay healthy after an organ transplant?

Answer: These may include: Eat high-fiber foods such as raw fruits and vegetables. Increase calcium by eating low-fat dairy products, eating green leafy vegetables, or taking calcium supplements (if directed by your doctor). Eat less salt, processed food, and snacks. Drink plenty of water (unless you are told to limit fluids). Eat high-protein foods such as lean meat, chicken (without the skin), fish, eggs, unsalted nuts, and beans. Instead of frying your food, try baking, broiling, grilling, boiling, or steaming.


Question: Which conditions are side effects of an organ transplant?

Answer: You also may experience other side effects such as: Diarrhea High blood pressure High cholesterol Elevated blood sugars Infection If you notice any side effects, don't stop taking the drugs on your own.


Question: What is Alli (orlistat)?

Answer: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } All AAlli (orlistat) is an over-the-counter medication used to help people lose weight. Studies have shown that Alli can help people lose more weight than dieting alone. The weight loss drug is intended for overweight adults ages 18 and older who also follow a reduced-calorie, low-fat diet. A stronger dose of the same active ingredient in Alli is available by prescription and is sold under the brand name Xenical. Xenical may also be recommended after weight loss surgery to help patients keep off the lost pounds.


Question: Who shouldn't take Alli (orlistat)?

Answer: Don't take Alli if: You've had an organ transplant. Alli is known to interfere with drugs used to prevent transplant rejection. You're taking cyclosporine. You're not overweight. You're pregnant or breastfeeding.


Question: How do I take Alli (orlistat)?

Answer: It's taken by mouth three times a day, either with a meal that contains a little bit of fat, or up to one hour afterward. If you eat a no-fat meal, your doctor may tell you to skip your dose. Never take more medicine than recommended.


Question: What are signs of liver damage linked to Alli (orlistat)?

Answer: Tell your doctor if you have any of the following symptoms and they become severe or do not go away: Difficulty controlling bowel movements Loose, frequent stools Oily or fatty stools Oily spots on undergarments Stomach or rectum pain Passing gas more often Urgent need to have a bowel movement Anxiety Changes in your menstrual cycle Headaches Call 911 or your doctor immediately if you develop any of these symptoms: Difficulty breathing Difficulty swallowing Hives or itching Stomach pain that is severe or does not go away Alli has been linked to severe liver injury in rare cases, though it has mostly occurred in those taking the prescription-strength dose ( Xenical). Stop taking Alli and call your doctor immediately if you develop any of these possible signs of liver damage: Dark urine Fatigue Fever Light-colored stools Loss of appetite Severe, persistent itching Weakness Vomiting Yellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice)


Question: When should you call 911 about side effects of Alli (orlistat)?

Answer: Tell your doctor if you have any of the following symptoms and they become severe or do not go away: Difficulty controlling bowel movements Loose, frequent stools Oily or fatty stools Oily spots on undergarments Stomach or rectum pain Passing gas more often Urgent need to have a bowel movement Anxiety Changes in your menstrual cycle Headaches Call 911 or your doctor immediately if you develop any of these symptoms: Difficulty breathing Difficulty swallowing Hives or itching Stomach pain that is severe or does not go away Alli has been linked to severe liver injury in rare cases, though it has mostly occurred in those taking the prescription-strength dose ( Xenical).


Question: How does rheumatoid arthritis affect women?

Answer: In one study, researchers found that women with RA reported more symptoms and more severe ones. Women in the study also didn't do as well when taking the same treatment as men. Early in the disease, women with RA are also less likely than men to reach "remission," which means they have no symptoms.


Question: Does rheumatoid arthritis affect women more than men?

Answer: About 1.5 million Americans have RA -- and about three times more women have it than men. The disease acts differently in each gender, too.


Question: How long does it take for ADHD medication to work?

Answer: Some things to check might include how often your child: Misses details or makes careless mistakes Gets off task Seems not to listen when spoken to Doesn't follow directions or finish a task Can't get organized Dislikes activities that take concentration Loses things Gets distracted easily Forgets things Fidgets and squirms Doesn't stay in his seat Runs around when everyone else is seated Can't play quietly Seems to be in constant motion Talks too much Blurts out answers Won't wait his turn Interrupts others It depends on the medication your child takes, and if it's extended release or short-term.


Question: How long does it take for non-stimulant ADHD medication to work and how long do they last?

Answer: Non-stimulant drugs act differently. They need time to build up in your child's system but their effects last for 24 hours. You may not see a difference for weeks, and it may take several more to fine-tune the dose.


Question: What should I do if my child's ADHD medication doesn't work as well years later?

Answer: If his old behavior seems to be returning, tell his doctor. It may be time to increase the dose or try a different drug. They can also switch to a formula that lasts longer, or add another shorter-acting pill later in the day.


Question: Is it normal for ADHD medication to affect my child's personality or irritability?

Answer: If you think your child's personality has changed or he seems irritable all the time, his dose may be too high, even if his symptoms have gotten better. Talk to his doctor.


Question: Why do people take L-citrulline?

Answer: L-citrulline boosts nitric oxide production in the body. Nitric oxide helps your arteries relax and work better, which improves blood flow throughout your body. This may be helpful for treating or preventing some diseases. Ther is some evidence to suggest the supplement could possibly help lower blood pressure in people with prehypertension. This is an early warning sign for high blood pressure. It means you have a slightly raised blood pressure reading of 120/80 to 139/89. Prehypertension raises your risk for high blood pressure and heart disease. L-citrulline supplements may ease symptoms of mild-to-moderate erectile dysfunction ( ED). Scientists say L-citrulline does not work as well as ED drugs such as Viagra. However, it appears to be a safe option. Animal studies suggest L-citrulline might also help people with blood vessel problems such as slow wound healing due to diabetes. Other animal research says L-citrulline might improve muscle protein levels and prevent malnourishment in the elderly.


Question: When should you call the doctor if you are pregnant with the flu?

Answer: You have trouble breathing. Your symptoms don't improve or get worse after 3 to 4 days. After feeling a little better, you start having signs of a more serious problem, like a sick-to-your-stomach feeling, vomiting, high fever, shaking chills, chest pain, or coughing with thick, yellow-green mucus.


Question: How do you prevent the flu if you are pregnant?

Answer: Get a flu shot. Don't use Flu Mist, the nasal spray influenza vaccine. It isn't recommended for pregnant women. To avoid catching the illness when you're pregnant: Wash your hands often. Avoid crowds. Stay away from people who have a cold. Don't touch your eyes, nose, or mouth. Germs are often spread when you touch a contaminated surface and then touch these areas.


Question: What prescriptions can I use for the flu if I am pregnant?

Answer: Your doctor will know what prescription drug you can use. There are 4 to choose from: baloxavir marboxil ( Xofluza), oseltamivir ( Tamiflu), peramivir ( Rapivab), or zanamivir ( Relenza) in pregnant women with suspected or test-proven flu. Xofluza and oseltamivir are taken by mouth are preferred because of their safety and effectiveness.


Question: Is it safe to get the flu vaccine if you are pregnant?

Answer: It doesn't contain the live virus and can't give you the flu. You may have fatigue and muscle aches afterward as your immune system responds to the vaccine. The flu shot is also OK while you're breastfeeding. It can't cause you or your nursing baby to get sick. The shot takes about 2 weeks to work. Pregnant women should not get the nasal flu vaccine. Pregnant women should not use a nasal flu vaccine called Flu Mist that contains live but weakened viruses.


Question: Where should you get a flu shot if you're pregnant?

Answer: The American Lung Association offers an online flu vaccine clinic locator. Visit the site, enter a zip code and a date (or dates), and you'll get information about clinics in your area. Pharmacies offer the flu shots, as do local health departments and your doctor's office.


Question: When should you get a flu shot if you're pregnant?

Answer: The vaccine is the number one way to prevent this illness. You can get the shot no matter how far along you are -- even the third trimester isn't too late. Flu season can begin as early as October and last as late as May. October or November is the best time to get vaccinated, but you can get the shot as long as it's being offered. The shot will protect both you and the baby from getting the flu for 6 months after you give birth. This is especially important, because the flu shot isn't safe for infants less than 6 months old. If you have had contact with someone who has the flu, your doctor may recommend that you take an antiviral medication as a prevention measure.


Question: How can I treat my flu symptoms if I'm pregnant?

Answer: Call your doctor before you take any over-the-counter treatment. Your doctor may suggest: Acetaminophen , the preferred treatment for fever, aches, and pains Saline nasal spray or nasal irrigation Pseudoephedrine, the decongestant, may be helpful. Avoid it in the first trimester or if you have high blood pressure. You can usually find these treatments among over-the-counter cold and flu remedies. Check labels carefully.


Question: How does patellofemoral pain syndrome cause knee pain?

Answer: Patellofemoral pain syndrome: Muscle imbalance, tightness, and alignment problems of the legs usually cause this condition. It causes knee pain and occasional âbuckling,â meaning your knee suddenly can't bear your weight. It's not due to an injury.


Question: How can I prevent knee pain?

Answer: Although you can't prevent all injuries, you can take these steps to make them less likely. Stop exercising if you feel pain in your knee. If you want to make your workout more intense, always do it gradually. Stretch your legs before and after physical activity. Use kneepads to prevent bursitis, especially if you have to kneel a lot. Wear shoes that fit well and offer enough support. Keep your thigh muscles strong with regular stretching and strengthening. If you're overweight, work to drop some pounds so there's less stress on all of your joints, including your knees.


Question: How does patellar tendinitis cause knee pain?

Answer: Patellar tendinitis: This means you have inflammation in the tendon that connects the kneecap to the shinbone. Tendons are tough bands of tissue that connect muscles to your bones. When you overdo exercise, they can become inflamed and sore. You may also hear it called âjumper's kneeâ because repetitive jumping is the most common cause.


Question: How can bursitis cause knee pain?

Answer: Several other things can also cause knee pain, such as: Bursitis: A bursa is a sac that holds a small amount of fluid that's under the skin above your joint. It helps prevent friction when the joint moves. Overuse, falls, or repeated bending and kneeling can irritate the bursa on top of your kneecap. That leads to pain and swelling. Doctors call this prepatellar bursitis. You may also hear it called ''preacher's knee."


Question: How does osteoarthritis cause knee pain?

Answer: Osteoarthritis: This is the âwear and tearâ type of arthritis. It's a top cause of knee pain after age 50. This condition causes the knee joint to ache or swell when you're active. Joints affected by osteoarthritis can also be stiff early in the day.


Question: How does Osgood-Schlatter disease cause knee pain?

Answer: Osgood- Schlatter disease: This condition happens when you're young, when bones and other parts of the knee are still changing. It can cause a painful bump below the knee, where a tendon from the kneecap connects to the shin. Overdoing exercise, and irritation at a point on the bottom of your knee called the tibial tubercle, often make this area hurt. The ache may come and go over time. It's especially common in teenage boys and girls.


Question: How can iliotibial band syndrome cause knee pain?

Answer: Your doctor may call this âpatellar dislocation.â IT (iliotibial) band syndrome: The iliotibial ( IT) band is a piece of tough tissue that runs from your hip down to the outer part of your knee. When you overdo activity, it can become inflamed over time. That causes pain on the outer side of the knee. It's common among runners when going downhill.


Question: What does a knee injury feel like?

Answer: You may have: Pain, usually when you bend or straighten the knee (including when you go down stairs) Swelling Trouble putting weight on the knee Problems moving your knee Knee buckling or âlockingâ If you have these symptoms, see your doctor.


Question: How often should pregnant women with diabetes have their eyes checked for diabetic retinopathy?

Answer: Women with diabetes who become pregnant should have a comprehensive eye exam during the first trimester and close follow-up with an eye doctor during their pregnancy. ( This recommendation does not apply to women who develop gestational diabetes.)


Question: What are the signs of diabetic neuropathy?

Answer: Over time, diabetes can cause nerve damage that produces symptoms of numbness, burning, or pain. If your skin becomes numb, you may not notice small wounds that could grow to become bigger health threats. Check your feet and hands daily for redness, calluses, cracks, or skin breakdown. If you notice any of these symptoms before your next scheduled visit, notify your health care provider immediately.


Question: How can I be proactive about diabetic nephropathy if I have diabetes?

Answer: If you have diabetes, urine testing should be performed yearly to look for diabetic nephropathy -- kidney disease. A baseline creatinine blood test should also be done to determine your kidney function. Your health care provider will also check your blood pressure regularly, because control of high blood pressure is essential in slowing kidney disease. Blood pressure should be less than 130/80.


Question: Does having diabetes increase my risk of heart disease?

Answer: Diabetes complications include: Heart disease Stroke Kidney disease Nerve damage Eye damage Digestion problems Erectile dysfunction Skin problems Infection Dental problems Heart disease is one of the most common diabetes complications. In office visits, your doctor may perform various tests to check for heart disease and help you prevent any serious heart-related problems. At every visit, your health care provider will check your blood pressure. Your cholesterol level and triglycerides may be checked at your first visit. A baseline EKG should also be obtained as part of a complete medical record. Learn more about personal risk factors you have for heart disease, such as a family history or whether you smoke, and work out a prevention plan that includes weight loss, regular exercise, and stress management, as well as keeping your blood pressure, cholesterol, and triglycerides at normal levels.


Question: How often should I have my eyes checked for diabetic retinopathy if I have diabetes?

Answer: To protect your vision, all people with diabetes should see an ophthalmologist (an eye doctor) at least yearly. As part of the eye exam the doctor will dilate your eyes so that he or she can see the back of the eye (retina) and determine if the diabetes is causing damage. In people with type 1 diabetes, these annual exams should start within three to five years of diabetes once the patient is age 10 or older. People with type 2 diabetes should have their first eye exam once they are diagnosed. Those with eye complications may need to see their ophthalmologist more frequently.


Question: How can I prevent my diabetes from causing skin problems?

Answer: As many as a third of people with diabetes will have a skin condition related to their disease at some time in their lives. High levels of glucose in the blood provide an excellent breeding ground for bacteria and fungi and can reduce the body's ability to heal itself. Fortunately, most skin conditions can be prevented and successfully treated if caught early. If your skin is not cared for properly with type 2 diabetes, a minor skin condition can turn into a serious problem with potentially severe consequences.


Question: What signs and symptoms of stroke should I be aware of if I have diabetes?

Answer: Signs and symptoms of stroke include sudden weakness on one side of the face or body; numbness in the face, arm, or leg; difficulty speaking; trouble seeing with both eyes; or dizziness. If you have any of these symptoms, see a doctor immediately. You may be referred to a neurologist or other stroke specialist.


Question: How can I prevent my diabetes from causing erectile dysfunction?

Answer: Diabetes increases the chance of developing erectile dysfunction, or impotence. For some men, adopting a healthier lifestyle, such as quitting smoking, exercising regularly, and reducing stress, may be all that is needed to resolve erectile dysfunction. In this health topic, you'll also learn why it's important to talk to your health care provider about your erectile dysfunction, as your doctor can recommend other remedies -- including medications, a vacuum constriction device ( VCD), and other erectile dysfunction aids -- that can help.


Question: How can I help my 8- to 12-month-old baby learn to scribble?

Answer: Encourage her to doodle on the sidewalk with thick sidewalk chalk. Or set her up to scribble with fat, sturdy crayons and thick paper.


Question: How can I help my 8- to 12-month-old baby finger feed herself?

Answer: With baby finger-feeding herself, make sure it's food she can gum. This includes some cereals, shredded cheese, and small pieces of tofu, well-cooked fruits or vegetables, or ripe banana. Avoid foods like raw vegetables, hard fruits, whole grapes, nuts, raisins, popcorn, hard cheese, and hot dogs, all choking hazards.


Question: How can I help my 8- to 12-month-old baby learn to grasp food?

Answer: Your baby is moving from the raking grasp to a precise finger-and-thumb pincer grasp. For practice, give him little finger foods to pick up -- like cooked peas or O-shaped cereal. Keep away choking hazards, including older children's small toys and foods like grapes, nuts and peanuts, and raw vegetables.


Question: Does my 8- to 12-month-old baby use body language to communicate?

Answer: Though he isn't using words yet, your baby uses his body to talk. He points to things and may nod his head "yes" or "no." He may pause when you say " No!" and " Uh-oh." He may wave "bye bye." Help him learn words with rhymes, songs, and books. Name objects for him often.


Question: How does Baclofen treat spasticity?

Answer: Normally, your muscles get electrical signals from your nerves that tell them when to tense and relax. Spasticity happens when these signals become uneven, usually because the nerves have been damaged. This makes muscles tense up or move when you don't want them to. Baclofen works by restoring the normal signals. It can help you move your muscles more normally.


Question: What are the risks of intrathecal Baclofen surgery?

Answer: They include: A bad reaction to anesthesia Infection Bleeding Trouble with bladder control Pump malfunction: If the pump stops working (this is rare), it may give you too much medicine at once. That can cause symptoms such as drowsiness, dizziness, weakness, trouble sleeping, lightheadedness, nausea, constipation, vomiting, loose muscles, trouble with vision, coma, respiratory depression, seizures, dry mouth, double vision, poor concentration, or diarrhea. If this happens, go to the nearest emergency room right away. A doctor can give you a drug called physostigmine to counteract baclofen. Kinked catheter: If the catheter stops working well, you may need surgery to replace it.


Question: What is Baclofen?

Answer: Baclofen ( Gablofen, Lioresal) is a medication that treats stiff muscles and spasms, a condition called spasticity, that can happen to people with multiple sclerosis ( MS) and other nerve diseases.


Question: For individuals with the intrathecal Baclofen pump, how often must they go back to the doctor's office for pump refills?

Answer: People with the pump must go back to their doctor's office for pump refills and medication adjustments, typically every 1 to 3 months. At the end of the battery's life span (usually 5 to 7 years), your doctor will remove and replace the system.


Question: How do I know if the Baclofen pump system is right for me?

Answer: If your treatment team recommends the baclofen pump system, you'll try it out to see how well it works. Your doctor will inject baclofen into your spine with a small needle. Then the team checks how well it works over 2 to 4 hours. If your muscles don't relax during the first try, you may get a larger dose to see if that makes a difference. If it works, you can decide with your doctor and family members if you should have a baclofen pump system implanted.


Question: What are the risks of implanting the baclofen for multiple sclerosis?

Answer: They include: A bad reaction to anesthesia Infection Bleeding Trouble with bladder control Pump malfunction: If the pump stops working (this is rare), it may give you too much medicine at once.


Question: How do I know if the baclofen pump system is right for my multiple sclerosis?

Answer: If your treatment team recommends the baclofen pump system, you'll try it out to see how well it works. Your doctor will inject baclofen into your spine with a small needle. Then the team checks how well it works over 2 to 4 hours. If your muscles don't relax during the first try, you may get a larger dose to see if that makes a difference. If it works, you can decide with your doctor and family members if you should have a baclofen pump system implanted.


Question: How is baclofen used to treat multiple sclerosis?

Answer: Baclofen ( Gablofen, Lioresal) is a medication that treats stiff muscles and spasms, a condition called spasticity, that can happen to people with multiple sclerosis ( MS) and other nerve diseases. Normally, your muscles get electrical signals from your nerves that tell them when to tense and relax. Spasticity happens when these signals become uneven, usually because the nerves have been damaged. This makes muscles tense up or move when you don't want them to. Baclofen works by restoring the normal signals. It can help you move your muscles more normally.


Question: What are the side effects of baclofen for multiple sclerosis?

Answer: Side effects may include: Dizziness Drowsiness Headaches Nausea Weakness You can take baclofen as a pill or get it directly into an area of your spine called the intrathecal space.


Question: What is intrathecal baclofen for multiple sclerosis?

Answer: This type of treatment, called intrathecal baclofen ( ITB), can help people who have a hard time with side effects of the pill form. It delivers the drug right to the spinal cord, so it doesn't circulate throughout the body first. You need only tiny doses for the drug to work. This keeps side effects to a minimum.


Question: How can talking to your co-workers help you stay connected when you have depression?

Answer: The decision to open up to them or to your boss about your depression is a complicated one. It's your choice. Legally you don't have to tell them anything you don't want to. But some people find that telling certain people at work can be a relief. Your colleagues or employer may have been confused or concerned about your behavior when you were depressed. You might put them at ease if you feel comfortable explaining the situation to them. And you might feel a lot better knowing that you have support at the office.


Question: How is farsightedness diagnosed?

Answer: Glasses, contact lenses, or vision correction surgery can correct your vision. If your problem is severe, you may need to wear glasses or contacts all the time.


Question: What are symptoms of farsightedness?

Answer: You may have Trouble focusing on nearby objects Headaches Blurry vision Eye strain Fatigue or headache after you do a close-up task such as reading If you have these symptoms when you wear glasses or contacts, you may need a new prescription.


Question: Does farsightedness improve over time?

Answer: It's normal for your eyes to change as you get older. Adults over 40 who are already farsighted often need reading glasses earlier in life. Eventually, you may also need glasses or contacts to help you see better at a distance.


Question: What happens after LASEK eye surgery?

Answer: After LASEK eye surgery, expectations are similar to what can be expected after LASIK. The flap created by LASEK eye surgery heals in about four to seven days, and the patient usually wears a special contact lens that acts as a bandage for up to four days after surgery.


Question: When should I call my doctor about laser epithelial keratomileusis (LASEK) eye surgery?

Answer: Once you have gone through your evaluation your surgeon will answer any questions you may have.


Question: What are possible side effects of laser epithelial keratomileusis (LASEK) eye surgery?

Answer: Side effects may include: Sensation of having a foreign object in your eye (lasts anywhere from one to four days) Temporarily reduced vision under poorly lit conditions (up to 12 months) Dry eyes, requiring the use of moisturizing drops (up to six months) Hazy or cloudy vision (should disappear within six to nine months) LASEK eye surgery may be better for patients who have steep or very thin corneas, which make it difficult for the surgeon to make a proper LASIK flap.


Question: What is laser epithelial keratomileusis (LASEK) eye surgery?

Answer: Laser epithelial keratomileusis, or LASEK, combines benefits of the two most commonly performed procedures -- LASIK and PRK. LASEK eye surgery is used to treat astigmatism, nearsightedness, or farsightedness.


Question: How do I prepare for laser epithelial keratomileusis (LASEK) eye surgery if I have contact lenses?

Answer: If you wear rigid gas permeable contact lenses, you should not wear them for at least three days before your evaluation. Other types of contact lenses shouldn't be worn for at least three days prior to the evaluation.


Question: What happens after laser epithelial keratomileusis (LASEK) eye surgery?

Answer: After LASEK eye surgery, expectations are similar to what can be expected after LASIK. The flap created by LASEK eye surgery heals in about four to seven days, and the patient usually wears a special contact lens that acts as a bandage for up to four days after surgery. Patients also may experience irritation in their eye during the first day or two after LASEK eye surgery.


Question: When should you call a doctor about LASEK eye surgery?

Answer: Once you have gone through your evaluation your surgeon will answer any questions you may have.


Question: What happens during LASEK eye surgery?

Answer: LASEK eye surgery is done under a topical anesthesia placed directly into the eye. During the procedure, the top layer of cells, or epithelium, is treated with alcohol for about 30 seconds and detached from the underlying tissue. It is then lifted or rolled back so that the eye doctor can access the cornea tissue. The newly exposed tissue is treated with the same laser used in LASIK eye surgery and PRK. Then the top layer of cells is put into place. This is in contrast to LASIK eye surgery, in which a laser or cutting device makes a flap in the cornea. LASEK eye surgery differs from PRK by preserving the top layer of cells, rather than scraping them away and waiting for them to grow back. This is believed to facilitate healing of the cornea with less discomfort than PRK, but it also causes more blurriness during the first few days compared to PRK.


Question: How do you know if LASEK eye surgery is right for you?

Answer: Side effects may include: Sensation of having a foreign object in your eye (lasts anywhere from one to four days) Temporarily reduced vision under poorly lit conditions (up to 12 months) Dry eyes, requiring the use of moisturizing drops (up to six months) Hazy or cloudy vision (should disappear within six to nine months) LASEK eye surgery may be better for patients who have steep or very thin corneas, which make it difficult for the surgeon to make a proper LASIK flap. Since traumatic injury to the eye is more serious after LASIK than after LASEK eye surgery, patients who engage in professional or leisure activities that put their eyes at increased risk for injury (such as boxing) may be better suited for LASEK. LASEK (or PRK) eye surgery may be better for people with dry eye syndrome because in avoiding a deeper flap, the corneal nerves responsible for the tearing reflex are not cut.


Question: What happens during laser epithelial keratomileusis (LASEK) eye surgery?

Answer: In LASEK eye surgery, various techniques are used to retain the very thin corneal surface layer of cells (epithelium) that is used to recover the cornea after the laser sculpting is performed. With LASIK, a thicker flap is created using a laser or mechanical device (microkeratome) under which the laser sculpting is done.


Question: What are treatment options for knee osteoarthritis?

Answer: These include: Medications you take by mouth. Over-the-counter options include acetaminophen ( Tylenol) as well as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ( NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen ( Advil, Motrin) or naproxen ( Aleve). NSAIDs fight inflammation. Stronger NSAIDs are available by prescription. Creams or ointments you rub onto the skin. Different forms are sold over the counter. You can get stronger versions with a prescription. Medications injected into the joint. Corticosteroid injections, also called cortisone shots, fight inflammation and can offer fast pain relief that may last up to several months. Injections of hyaluronic acid boost the natural joint fluid that keeps knees moving smoothly. They may take up to a couple of months to have their full effect but can last up to 6 months or more. Exercise and physical therapy. Exercise strengthens the muscles that support your knee. Physical therapy also helps. A physical therapist can design the program for you and see if you need supportive braces, splints, or canes. If you need to lose weight, diet and exercise can help you shed some pounds and take some of the pressure off your knees. Weight loss. Every pound you gain puts an extra 3 pounds of pressure on your knees. If you eventually need knee replacement surgery, your chances of success are much greater if you first lose extra weight. Nutritional supplements. Some people take glucosamine and chondroitin for OA. Studies on how well they work have had mixed results. Another supplement, called SAMe, has been shown to work as well as nonprescription pain relievers and may have fewer side effects. It takes longer to work, though. Before you start taking any supplements, even if they're natural, tell your doctor so he can check for any side effects.


Question: When should you get a knee replacement surgery for knee osteoarthritis?

Answer: Your knee can be cleaned or flushed to remove loose bone or cartilage pieces that may be causing pain.


Question: What should you know about treating knee osteoarthritis?

Answer: Knee osteoarthritis ( OA) can affect your every move: walking, climbing stairs, even sitting or lying down. Surgery can help bring relief, but doctors almost always advise trying other treatment options first.


Question: How is arthroscopic surgery done to treat knee osteoarthritis?

Answer: In this type of surgery, the surgeon inserts a thin tube with a tiny camera on the end through a small opening in your skin to view the inside of your knee. The surgeon can then remove damaged cartilage -- the smooth covering that protects the bones in the joint. Your knee can be cleaned or flushed to remove loose bone or cartilage pieces that may be causing pain. Most people can get back to their usual activities a few days later.


Question: What will a doctor need to know before diagnosing ADHD?

Answer: The tests include: A medical and social history of both the child and the family.


Question: How often should dosage of stimulant medication for ADHD be monitored?

Answer: A doctor needs to monitor the dosage of the stimulant medication closely, both to determine the most effective level of drug and to watch for any side effects.


Question: What physical examinations will be done before an ADHD diagnosis?

Answer: A physical exam and neurological assessment that includes screenings of vision , hearing, and verbal and motor skills. More tests may be given if there is a possibility that hyperactivity is related to some other physical problem.


Question: What are the more serious side effects of stimulant medication for ADHD?

Answer: However, in rare cases, stimulants can have more serious side effects. For instance, some are linked to a higher risk of heart problems and sudden death in children with preexisting heart disease. They may also worsen psychiatric conditions like depression or anxiety or cause a psychotic reaction in some individuals. Before your kids start taking an ADHD medicine, talk to your doctor about the risks and benefits.


Question: What are lifestyle tips for the treatment of ADHD?

Answer: These tips may help your child -- and you: Join a support group. Organizations include Children and Adults with Attention- Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder ( CHADD). Boost your child's self-esteem. Because a child with ADHD may have difficulty processing directions and other information, he or she is apt to be bombarded with corrections, leaving him with a low opinion of himself. Do whatever you can to boost your child's self-esteem. Praise and reward good behavior promptly. Be consistent with discipline, and make sure other caregivers follow your methods. Make instructions simple and specific (" Brush your teeth. Now, get dressed. "), instead of general (" Get ready for school."). Encourage your child's special strengths, particularly in sports and out-of-school activities. Set and follow routines for meals, bedtime, play, and other activities. Make time for play and exercise -- outside in a natural setting if possible. Don't let homework or screen time monopolize all of your child's time after school. Simplify your child's room to minimize distractions, such as toys and improve organization.


Question: What tests are used to diagnose ADHD?

Answer: The tests include: A medical and social history of both the child and the family. A physical exam and neurological assessment that includes screenings of vision , hearing, and verbal and motor skills. More tests may be given if there is a possibility that hyperactivity is related to some other physical problem. An evaluation of intelligence, aptitude, personality traits, or processing skills. These evaluations are often done with input from the parents and teachers if the child is of school age. A scan, called the Neuropsychiatric EEG- Based Assessment Aid ( NEBA) System, that measures theta and beta brain waves. The theta/beta ratio has been shown to be higher in children and adolescents with ADHD than in children without it. The most effective treatment for ADHD is thought to be a combination of medication and psychological and behavioral therapies.


Question: What other drugs are used to treat ADHD?

Answer: In some cases, doctors may try prescribing other antidepressant medications, such as drugs called SSRIs, bupropion ( Wellbutrin), venlafaxine ( Effexor) or others.


Question: How is ADHD diagnosed?

Answer: There is no single test for ADHD. Doctors diagnose ADHD in children and teens after discussing symptoms at length with the child, parents, and teachers and observing the child's behaviors. The doctor will also gather information about any similar problems that run in the family and consider all possible causes.


Question: How is psychological therapy used to treat ADHD?

Answer: Of the psychological therapies, behavior modification may be the most commonly recommended for children. It can be quite effective, particularly if the therapist helps parents learn techniques to help the child's behavior. It is often combined with specific educational interventions, such as help with learning skills. Psychotherapy, including cognitive behavioral therapy is a valuable option, particularly if the child has low self-esteem, depression or anxiety.


Question: What is the test for ADHD?

Answer: There is no single test for ADHD. Doctors diagnose ADHD in children and teens after discussing symptoms at length with the child, parents, and teachers and observing the child's behaviors. The doctor will also gather information about any similar problems that run in the family and consider all possible causes. To confirm a diagnosis of ADHD or learning differences, a battery of tests may be given to assess a child's neurological and psychological status. The tests should be given by a pediatrician or mental health provider with experience in diagnosing and treating ADHD .


Question: What psychological therapy is recommended for ADHD?

Answer: Of the psychological therapies, behavior modification may be the most commonly recommended for children. It can be quite effective, particularly if the therapist helps parents learn techniques to help the child's behavior. It is often combined with specific educational interventions, such as help with learning skills. Psychotherapy, including cognitive behavioral therapy is a valuable option, particularly if the child has low self-esteem, depression or anxiety.


Question: What skill evaluations will be done before an ADHD diagnosis?

Answer: An evaluation of intelligence, aptitude, personality traits, or processing skills. These evaluations are often done with input from the parents and teachers if the child is of school age.


Question: Is stimulant medication for ADHD effective?

Answer: Although there is considerable controversy about their possible overuse, stimulants are the most commonly prescribed medications for treating ADHD. Stimulants often decrease hyperactivity and improve concentration.


Question: How often do stimulant medications need to be taken?

Answer: The newest formulations allow children to take the medicine only once a day.


Question: What are the non-stimulant medications used to treat ADHD?

Answer: Atomoxetine ( Strattera ) and clonidine ( Catapres and Kapvay) are two non-stimulant drugs for ADHD. Another drug similar to clonidine, approved for children aged 6 to 17, is guanfacine ( Intuniv), which uses the same active ingredient as guanfacine hydrochloride ( Tenex), ablood pressuremedicine that has been used as an ADHD treatment.


Question: Do non-stimulant medications for ADHD have side effects?

Answer: Of course, these drugs have their own side effects and risks, and your doctor will want to watch for problems. In 2005, the FDA issued a public health advisory about rare reports of suicidal thinking in children and adolescents taking Strattera.


Question: What are the common side effects of stimulant medication for ADHD?

Answer: Generally, most side effects of stimulants are mild and may include decreased appetite, stomach aches, sleep problems, headaches , and an increase in anxiety .


Question: What do high dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEA-S) results mean?

Answer: The normal range for DHEA- S depends on your age, sex, health, and even the way the lab measures the results. A normal level means your adrenal glands are working right. A high level of DHEA- S could mean you might have: Adrenal cancer or tumors Cushing's disease, which can cause fat on the back of the neck and on the belly, full face, skin bruising, and excess hair growth Adrenal hyperplasia, a condition that makes your adrenal gland overactive Polycystic ovarian syndrome, which causes sex hormones to get out of balance and often leads to infertility A low level of DHEA- S might mean: A damaged adrenal gland Addison's disease, a rare condition that causes weak muscles, lack of energy, weight loss, and low blood pressure Hypopituitarism, a rare hormonal disease that can lead to tiredness, low sex drive, infertility, weight loss, and short height in children This will depend on your specific condition or disease.


Question: What do low dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEA-S) results mean?

Answer: A high level of DHEA- S could mean you might have: Adrenal cancer or tumors Cushing's disease, which can cause fat on the back of the neck and on the belly, full face, skin bruising, and excess hair growth Adrenal hyperplasia, a condition that makes your adrenal gland overactive Polycystic ovarian syndrome, which causes sex hormones to get out of balance and often leads to infertility A low level of DHEA- S might mean: A damaged adrenal gland Addison's disease, a rare condition that causes weak muscles, lack of energy, weight loss, and low blood pressure Hypopituitarism, a rare hormonal disease that can lead to tiredness, low sex drive, infertility, weight loss, and short height in children This will depend on your specific condition or disease.


Question: What symptoms should I look out for if my blood pressure is extremely high?

Answer: If your blood pressure is extremely high, there may be certain symptoms to look out for, including: Severe headache Fatigue or confusion Vision problems Chest pain Difficulty breathing Irregular heartbeat Blood in the urine If you have any of these hypertension symptoms, see a doctor immediately.


Question: When should I call my doctor about high blood pressure?

Answer: Your diastolic pressure -- the second, or bottom, number in a blood pressure reading -- suddenly shoots above 120 ,or your systolic pressure, the first number, is over 180; you may have malignant hypertension (also known as ''hypertensive emergency''), a life-threatening condition that can result in heart attack, stroke, kidney and eye problems. You are experiencing severe headaches, nausea, blurred vision, and confusion or memory loss; this may be a sign of malignant hypertension. You are pregnant and develop hypertension; symptoms may include severe headache and sudden swelling of the legs. High blood pressure during pregnancy can affect not only your own health, but also the health of your unborn child. You're taking drugs for high blood pressure and experiencing worrisome side effects, such as angioedema (swelling of your mouth or tongue), drowsiness, constipation, dizziness, or loss of sexual function; your doctor may prescribe a different anti-hypertensive drug.


Question: How many Americans have nonallergic rhinitis?

Answer: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } Unlike allergic rhinitis, nonallergic rhinitis does not involve the immune system. About 58 million Americans have allergic rhinitis. By comparison, 19 million have nonallergic rhinitis.


Question: What are the risks of smoking?

Answer: There are a lot of them. Smoking is life-threatening because it makes you much more likely to get many diseases, like heart disease and cancers of the lungs, stomach, pancreas, kidney, colon, rectum, bladder, esophagus, mouth, throat, and larynx. It also makes you more likely to get acute myeloid leukemia (a blood cancer) and pneumonia. If you're pregnant, smoking makes miscarriage or low birth weight more likely. It's also linked to a bigger chance of sudden infant death syndrome ( SIDS) after you have a baby.


Question: Will I gain weight if I quit smoking?

Answer: Not everyone does. When people do gain weight when they give up smoking, it's usually less than 10 pounds. Eat a healthy diet, stay active, and try not to let any weight gain distract you from your main goal of quitting. Some of the medications to help you quit smoking may delay weight gain.


Question: What can I do to avoid smoking in the morning?

Answer: When you first try to quit smoking, change your routine. Eat breakfast in a different place, and drink tea instead of coffee. Take another route to work. The idea is to shake up your habits so they won't trigger you into smoking again.


Question: How can I get help to quit smoking?

Answer: Get one-on-one, group, or telephone counseling to help you quit smoking. There are also apps, websites, and text message programs that can help you stay on track. Check with hospitals or health centers to see if they have quit-smoking programs. Your doctor can also encourage you to keep going.


Question: How does smoking harm you?

Answer: The ashes, tar, gases, and other toxins in cigarettes harm your body over time. They damage your heart and lungs. They also make it harder for you to taste and smell things and fight infections.


Question: Does behavioral therapy ease IBS symptoms?

Answer: And when they felt physically better, they also had fewer symptoms of depression and anxiety.


Question: How do irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and depression work together?

Answer: The symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome can cause a level of distress that looks like depression. Some people are so worried that their diarrhea, constipation, or other symptoms will flare up that they avoid going to work, school, or out with friends. They may focus less on their social lives and lose interest in activities they once enjoyed. They may feel restless or irritable. All of these are symptoms of depression.


Question: Which antidepressants can help irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) symptoms?

Answer: The American College of Gastroenterology says two types of antidepressants can help IBS symptoms: Tricyclic antidepressants, like amitriptyline ( Elavil, Vanatrip), desipramine ( Norpramin), or nortriptyline ( Pamelor) Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors ( SSRIs), like citalopram ( Celexa), paroxetine ( Paxil), or sertraline ( Zoloft) But experts say they need more research to fully understand how safe and effective the drugs are for people with IBS.


Question: How do depression and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) work together?

Answer: Some people are so worried that their diarrhea, constipation, or other symptoms will flare up that they avoid going to work, school, or out with friends. They may focus less on their social lives and lose interest in activities they once enjoyed. They may feel restless or irritable. All of these are symptoms of depression. On the other hand, the mood disorder may influence the way people handle IBS. They may feel too tired or hopeless to bother changing their diet to ease digestive symptoms or think they can't treat their constipation or diarrhea well enough. Also, emotional stress makes bowel symptoms worse.


Question: Is talk therapy helpful for those with IBS?

Answer: Many people with depression get help by working with a therapist to figure out conflicts and understand feelings. One type of talk therapy, called cognitive behavioral therapy, can help with IBS symptoms and the mood disorder. Cognitive behavioral therapy teaches you how to recognize negative and distorted thoughts, and replace them with positive, more realistic ones.


Question: Can support groups help people with IBS?

Answer: Support groups for people with IBS or the mood disorder can make a difference, too. When you talk with others who know what you're going through, you might feel less alone. To find support groups that meet in person or online, contact the International Foundation for Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders or tap into the IBS Self Help and Support Group. Talk with your doctor about what's right for you, too. Ask if meeting with a mental health professional will help.


Question: How can you recover better after tonsillectomy?

Answer: These tips can help you feel your best while you recover: Take your pain medication as your doctor prescribed. The pain will be worse immediately after surgery -- it should start to go away after the first week. Call your doctor if your pain gets worse instead of better. Suck on ice cubes to help with throat pain. Drink plenty of water, apple juice, and other clear fluids to stay hydrated. Drink smoothies or eat soft foods to make sure you get enough nutrition.


Question: Why do kids tend to recover much faster after tonsillectomy than adults?

Answer: They only need a week to heal, while adults need about two. There are a few reasons for this: Children typically heal faster than adults. Children are less likely to have bleeding problems after their tonsils are removed. Adults tend to have more pain after surgery. This may be because adults try to do too much too soon after surgery. They may not follow the rest and recovery instructions as a parent would make a child.


Question: What can you expect after tonsillectomy?

Answer: Your doctor will discuss these with you, but you should call him if you have any trouble breathing, bleeding, pain that gets worse, signs of dehydration (you don't have to pee often), or a fever over 102 F. Most adults who have their tonsils taken out because of chronic infection say they: Have fewer sore throats Don't have to use antibiotics as often Miss fewer days at work Have fewer doctor's visits Have better general health


Question: How can psychotherapy help treat depression relapse?

Answer: Psychotherapy Counseling, or "talk therapy," can help you to understand your problems, including new issues that have arisen since you were last treated for depression. You'll explore better ways to cope or to solve problems. Through psychotherapy, you can also learn how to manage your own thoughts and actions so that you feel less depressed.


Question: Who should I talk to if I am having a depression relapse?

Answer: Talk to your doctor about whether you need maintenance therapy.


Question: How can maintenance treatment help in treating depression relapse?

Answer: After patients have been treated for an acute bout of depression, doctors sometimes place them on maintenance therapy to try to prevent another episode, especially if they're at high risk for a recurrence. Talk to your doctor about whether you need maintenance therapy. For this type of ongoing treatment, which can last one year or longer, you may continue taking an antidepressant, with or without psychotherapy. Ask how long you may need maintenance therapy.


Question: How is depression relapse treated?

Answer: A depression relapse or recurrence can be treated in various ways, sometimes through a combination of therapies. For example, your doctor may recommend both antidepressant treatment and psychotherapy.


Question: Are there certain things to keep in mind that can help my speech problems caused by multiple sclerosis?

Answer: There are other ways to manage your speech problems, too: Don't feel rushed or pressured when you're trying to talk. If you feel comfortable, it may help to let the other person know you have a speech problem. Try to talk with someone face-to-face whenever possible. Your facial expressions and gestures can help you get your point across. If a conversation goes on too long, ask if you can take a break. Try to relax. If you can keep a positive attitude, it might put you and the other person at ease so you won't feel anxious about understanding each other.


Question: How can I make swallowing easier if I have multiple sclerosis?

Answer: Along with therapy, there are things you can do to make swallowing easier: Sit upright at a 90-degree angle, tilt your head slightly forward, or stay sitting or standing upright for 45 to 60 minutes after you eat. Stay focused on the tasks of eating and drinking. Keep distractions away. Don't talk with food in your mouth. Go slowly. Aim to eat about 1/2 teaspoon of your food at a time. You may need to swallow two or three times per bite or sip. If food or liquid catches in your throat, cough gently or clear your throat, and swallow again before you take a breath. Concentrate on swallowing often. Try alternating a bite of food with a sip of liquid. Try different temperatures and textures of liquids. For example, you can make drinks colder or try carbonated beverages. Drink plenty of fluids. Suck on popsicles, ice chips, or lemon-flavored water to get your mouth to make more saliva, which will help you swallow more often. If chewing is hard for you, stay away from foods that need a lot of jaw power. If thin liquids make you cough, try thickening them. You can also substitute thin liquids with thicker ones -- nectars for juices and cream soups for plain broths, for instance. When you take medication, crush your pills and mix them with applesauce or pudding. Ask your pharmacist to let you know which pills you shouldn't crush and which medicines you can buy in a liquid form.


Question: What is involved in the diagnosis of speech problems and swallowing problems in multiple sclerosis?

Answer: Trouble changing tone of voice Nasal-sounding speech Your doctor will ask you about your symptoms and do a physical exam, paying attention to how well your tongue and other muscles in your mouth and throat work.


Question: If I have multiple sclerosis can I have speech problems?

Answer: The kinds of speech problems MS causes can vary depending on which part of the brain is damaged. Someone with the disease might have mild trouble with words or severe problems that make it hard for them to speak and be understood. A problem that's subtle in the beginning might get worse over time.


Question: What are the distinctive language problems of people with multiple sclerosis?

Answer: People with MS usually have a few distinctive language problems: â Scanning" speech, when a person's normal speech pattern is disrupted with long pauses between words or syllables Slurring words. It usually happens because of weak tongue, lip, and mouth muscles. Trouble changing tone of voice Nasal-sounding speech Your doctor will ask you about your symptoms and do a physical exam, paying attention to how well your tongue and other muscles in your mouth and throat work.


Question: What are symptoms of speech problems in multiple sclerosis?

Answer: People with MS usually have a few distinctive language problems: â Scanning" speech, when a person's normal speech pattern is disrupted with long pauses between words or syllables Slurring words. It usually happens because of weak tongue, lip, and mouth muscles. Trouble changing tone of voice Nasal-sounding speech Your doctor will ask you about your symptoms and do a physical exam, paying attention to how well your tongue and other muscles in your mouth and throat work.


Question: Will I need a speech therapist to help my swallowing problems from multiple sclerosis?

Answer: She can figure out which part of your speech is affected and study your breathing control and way you move your lips, tongue, and other parts of your mouth. If muscle stiffness is making it hard for you to speak, medications might help. Your speech therapist might also suggest: Exercises to strengthen or relax your vocal cords or improve how you move your jaw, tongue, and lips Strategies other than speech that can help you communicate with others.


Question: Do people with multiple sclerosis often have trouble swallowing?

Answer: People with multiple sclerosis, or MS, often have trouble swallowing, a problem called dysphagia. It can also lead to speech problems. It happens when the disease damages the nerves in the brain and spinal cord that make these tasks happen. For some people, these problems are mild. Others have a harder time dealing with severe symptoms.


Question: What are stain-making types of foods and drinks?

Answer: Stain-makers to watch out for include: Coffee or tea Soda Red and white wine Grape or cranberry juice Blueberries Beets Soy sauce Tomato sauce Drink with a straw.


Question: What is St. John's wort?

Answer: The St. John's wort plant has yellow flowers and is a weed in some parts of the U. S. It has been used for medicinal purposes in other parts of the world for thousands of years. Many studies have evaluated the effectiveness of St. John's wort. Some studies have shown a benefit, but other studies have not. If you choose to use it, be sure to learn all you can about it, and check with your doctor before taking it. St. John's wort can interact with medicines or supplements you may be taking and may have side effects.


Question: What is a dietary supplement?

Answer: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } The FDA says dietary supplements include herbs like St John's wort, vitamins, minerals, and amino acids. They come in pills, liquids, and powders, and are intended to supplement your diet. They aren't regulated the same way as medications are.


Question: How do I take St. John's wort?

Answer: St. John's wort is most often taken in liquid or capsules. The dried herb may also be used as a tea. The most common dose used in studies has been 300 milligrams, three times a day as a standardized extract.


Question: Can St. John's wort help with depression?

Answer: There is some scientific evidence that St. John's wort may help treat mild depression, and the benefit seems similar to that of antidepressants.


Question: Who shouldn't take St. John's wort?

Answer: Herbal remedies aren't recommended for pregnant women, children, the elderly, or people with certain medical conditions or taking certain medicines. Research from National Institutes of Health shows that St. John's wort may reduce the effectiveness of several drugs, including birth control pills, drugs used to prevent organ transplant rejections, and some heart disease medications. Talk to your doctor about all the medications you take. If you have side effects such as nausea, vomiting, rapid heartbeat, anxiety, insomnia, diarrhea, or skin rashes, stop taking St. John's wort and tell your doctor.


Question: What should I watch for if I take St. John's wort?

Answer: You should be alert for any of the following effects: Allergic reactions Fatigue and restlessness Increased blood pressure Increased sensitivity to the sun, especially if you are fair-skinned and take large doses Upset stomach Don't combine St John's wort and prescription antidepressants such as SSRIs.


Question: What medication for heartburn works best?

Answer: All of these over-the-counter medicines, to a varying degree, can relieve the symptoms of heartburn. If you have more severe heartburn symptoms that these medications don't relieve, or if you've been using these medicines for more than 2 weeks, call your doctor. You may need a stronger prescription medicine and tests to see what's causing your symptoms.


Question: What conditions are treated with steroid injections?

Answer: Steroids often are injected directly into joints to treat conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, gout, or other inflammatory diseases. They also can be injected into an inflamed bursa or around tendons near most joints in the body. Some people report relief from osteoarthritis when steroids are injected directly into swollen or painful joints.


Question: What are the possible side effects of oral steroids?

Answer: Side effects are much more common with oral drugs. Some side effects are more serious than others. Common side effects of oral steroids include: Acne Blurred vision Cataracts or glaucoma Easy bruising Difficulty sleeping High blood pressure Increased appetite, weight gain Increased growth of body hair Insomnia Lower resistance to infection Muscle weakness Nervousness, restlessness Osteoporosis Stomach irritation or bleeding Sudden mood swings Swollen, puffy face Water retention, swelling Worsening of diabetes Please note: The side effects listed are the most common side effects. All possible side effects are not included. Always contact your doctor if you have questions about your personal situation.


Question: What are the benefits of steroids for arthritis?

Answer: When inflammation threatens to damage critical body organs, steroids can be organ saving and, in many instances, life-saving. For example, they may help prevent the progression of kidney inflammation, which can lead to kidney failure in people who have lupus or vasculitis. For these people, steroid therapy may eliminate the need for kidney dialysis or transplant. Low doses of steroids may provide significant relief from pain and stiffness for people with conditions including rheumatoid arthritis. Temporary use of higher doses of steroids may help a person recover from a severe flare-up of arthritis.


Question: When should steroid injections not be used?

Answer: Steroids should not be injected when there is infection in the area to be targeted or even elsewhere in the body, because they could inhibit the natural infection-fighting immune response. Also, if a joint is already severely destroyed, injections are not likely to provide any benefit. If someone has a potential bleeding problem or is taking anticoagulants (often referred to as blood thinners), steroid injections may cause bleeding at the site. For these people, injections are given with caution. Frequent steroid injections, more often than every three or four months, are not recommended because of an increased risk of weakening tissues in the treated area.


Question: How do I know if steroid treatment is right for me?

Answer: In general, people with the following conditions should not take steroids: Infection Uncontrolled diabetes Uncontrolled high blood pressure or congestive heart failure Peptic ulcer Osteoporosis (bone thinning) Glaucoma The decision to prescribe steroids is always made on an individual basis. Your doctor will consider your age, your overall health, and other drugs you are taking. Your doctor also will make sure you understand the potential benefits and risks of steroids before you start taking them.


Question: What is knee replacement surgery?

Answer: It's painful to walk the dog, climb a flight of stairs, or simply get out of a chair. You've tried medicines, injections, and physical therapy. Nothing seems to work. If that's the case, it could be time to consider knee replacement surgery. Also known as arthroplasty, knee replacement surgery is one of the most common bone surgeries in the United States. It can help ease the pain caused by severe arthritis. It also may help you move more freely. U. S. doctors perform more than 600,000 knee replacement surgeries each year. During surgery, an orthopedic surgeon removes the damaged part of the knee and replaces it with an artificial joint made of metal and plastic. The artificial joint is then attached to the thigh bone, shin, and kneecap with a special material such as acrylic cement.


Question: How is meralgia paresthetica diagnosed?

Answer: A lot of things can squeeze or damage the nerve, including: Weight gain and obesity Tight clothing Pregnancy Injury, such as trauma from a seatbelt during a car crash A disease that can damage the nerves, like diabetes Repetitive motions that could irritate the nerve, such as certain leg movements Standing or walking for a long time Your doctor will give you a physical exam and ask about your symptoms and your medical history -- especially about any recent injuries or surgeries. The doctor will touch your leg to find the affected area.


Question: What can squeeze or damage the nerve related to meralgia paresthetica?

Answer: A lot of things can squeeze or damage the nerve, including: Weight gain and obesity Tight clothing Pregnancy Injury, such as trauma from a seatbelt during a car crash A disease that can damage the nerves, like diabetes Repetitive motions that could irritate the nerve, such as certain leg movements Standing or walking for a long time Your doctor will give you a physical exam and ask about your symptoms and your medical history -- especially about any recent injuries or surgeries.


Question: How long does it take for meralgia paresthetica to go away after treatment?

Answer: It can take some time for your pain to go away. Some people will still feel numbness even after treatment. In most cases, though, you should be able to recover within 4 to 6 weeks.


Question: What causes nerve restriction or damage in meralgia paresthetica?

Answer: A lot of things can squeeze or damage the nerve, including: Weight gain and obesity Tight clothing Pregnancy Injury, such as trauma from a seatbelt during a car crash A disease that can damage the nerves, like diabetes Repetitive motions that could irritate the nerve, such as certain leg movements Standing or walking for a long time Your doctor will give you a physical exam and ask about your symptoms and your medical history -- especially about any recent injuries or surgeries.


Question: How is severe meralgia paresthetica treated?

Answer: Surgery to ease pressure on the nerve. Doctors usually recommend an operation only when no other treatment helps.


Question: How will my doctor diagnose meralgia paresthetica?

Answer: A lot of things can squeeze or damage the nerve, including: Weight gain and obesity Tight clothing Pregnancy Injury, such as trauma from a seatbelt during a car crash A disease that can damage the nerves, like diabetes Repetitive motions that could irritate the nerve, such as certain leg movements Standing or walking for a long time Your doctor will give you a physical exam and ask about your symptoms and your medical history -- especially about any recent injuries or surgeries. The doctor will touch your leg to find the affected area.


Question: What causes meralgia paresthetica?

Answer: Nerves travel throughout your body, carrying messages to and from your brain. A certain set of nerves, called the sensory nerves, gather and send signals to your brain about your skin, muscles, and other tissues. If you have meralgia paresthetica, a large sensory nerve in your outer thigh doesn't have enough room to pass through your hip bone or joints. This may be due to swelling, trauma, or increased pressure in this area.


Question: What will my doctor recommend if I am diagnosed with meralgia paresthetica?

Answer: For mild cases, your doctor may recommend: Heat, ice, or taking over-the-counter pain relievers like aspirin, acetaminophen, naproxen, or ibuprofen for a few days Weight loss Wearing loose-fitting clothing, especially around your upper front hip Physical therapy for a hip injury or to strengthen your leg muscles or abs If your condition is more severe, you may need: A corticosteroid shot to reduce swelling.


Question: What tests will my doctor do for meralgia paresthetica?

Answer: A lot of things can squeeze or damage the nerve, including: Weight gain and obesity Tight clothing Pregnancy Injury, such as trauma from a seatbelt during a car crash A disease that can damage the nerves, like diabetes Repetitive motions that could irritate the nerve, such as certain leg movements Standing or walking for a long time Your doctor will give you a physical exam and ask about your symptoms and your medical history -- especially about any recent injuries or surgeries.


Question: How are mild cases of meralgia paresthetica treated?

Answer: For mild cases, your doctor may recommend: Heat, ice, or taking over-the-counter pain relievers like aspirin, acetaminophen, naproxen, or ibuprofen for a few days Weight loss Wearing loose-fitting clothing, especially around your upper front hip Physical therapy for a hip injury or to strengthen your leg muscles or abs If your condition is more severe, you may need: A corticosteroid shot to reduce swelling.


Question: How do symptoms of meralgia paresthetica progress?

Answer: You might feel: Pain, tingling, numbness, or burning in the outside of your thigh Sensitivity to light touch rather than to firm pressure High sensitivity to heat Your symptoms may be mild at first, but as the condition gets worse, you might feel sharper, shooting pain. It may go away and come back for no clear reason.


Question: What is the goal of treatment for meralgia paresthetica?

Answer: The goal of treatment is to ease the pressure on your nerve. The type of therapy you get depends on the cause of your condition.


Question: When should you take your child to the doctor about a nose bleed?

Answer: Regardless of your child's age, you should take him to the doctor if: He gets nosebleeds often. The bleeding's caused by something he inserted into his nose. He bleeds heavily even when he has minor injuries. He bleeds from other areas of his body, like his gums. He develops bruises from minor injuries. The nosebleed(s) happened shortly after he started a new medication.


Question: When should you take your child to the ER for a nose bleed?

Answer: In some cases, your child might need immediate emergency care for a nosebleed. Take him to an ER if: He's bleeding heavily and/or they feel dizzy or weak. It happened because of a fall or an injury. The bleeding won't stop, even after two attempts to put pressure on his nose for 10 minutes at a time.


Question: Should I tell my doctor if I'm getting a lot of nose bleeds?

Answer: If you get nosebleeds a lot, you should talk to your doctor about them. Even if they're not serious enough to require emergency care, it's important for your doctor to know about them so she can figure out why they're happening.


Question: Can bleeding disorders cause nosebleeds

Answer: It's rare, but a bleeding disorder can cause nosebleeds. If you have one, your blood may not clot properly. If your nosebleeds are hard to stop and/or you get bleeding from your gums or from minor cuts, you should see a doctor immediately or get emergency care.


Question: How can brain injuries be classified?

Answer: They could be brought on by medical problems like a stroke or tumor. These are called acquired brain injuries ( ABIs). But most often, brain injuries are due to a violent blow or jolt to the head. These are called traumatic brain injuries ( TBIs).


Question: What are the symptoms of second impact syndrome?

Answer: This is known as second impact syndrome. Second impact syndrome causes rapid and severe brain swelling. The symptoms are almost immediate and include the following: Dilated pupils Loss of eye movement Respiratory failure Unconsciousness Symptoms will progress rapidly. At the very least, it will result in severe TBI and have long-lasting effects that will change your everyday life.


Question: What are symptoms of brain injuries?

Answer: If you take a hit to the head, be on the lookout for these symptoms: Balance problems Blurred vision Dizziness Delayed response to questions Headaches Memory loss Nausea Ringing in the ears Seizure Slurred speech Vomiting This form of TBI is when you have bruises on the brain that cause bleeding.


Question: Is a concussion the same thing as a traumatic brain injuries (TBI)?

Answer: Concussions are the most common type of TBI. They aren't usually life-threatening, but there are dangers. These injuries may not show up in initial tests and could take as long as a few years to completely heal. Immediate symptoms can be loss of consciousness or feeling dazed and confused. But it may take a while before you have any symptoms.


Question: What precautions should I take if Iâve had a traumatic brain injury (TBI)?

Answer: If you have had a TBI, take steps to avoid another injury to your brain. Even with mild TBIs, repeated injuries can do long-lasting damage to your nervous system and weaken your mental awareness. If TBIs continue to happen over a short period of time, they could lead to death. Make sure your first TBI has fully healed. Although concussions are generally listed as mild, getting a second concussion before the first one has healed can be deadly. This is known as second impact syndrome.


Question: How can I prevent trichomoniasis?

Answer: Here are ways to prevent trichomoniasis: Use a latex condom when having sex Have a monogamous partner who is not infected Abstain from sexual activity


Question: How do I know if I have trichomoniasis?

Answer: Your safest course is to get tested if you think you may have been exposed to the parasite. Nine out of 10 people with trichomoniasis are cured with a single course of antibiotics.


Question: How can you feel better from menstrual cramps?

Answer: You should also: Rest when needed. Avoid foods that contain caffeine and salt. Not use tobacco or drink alcohol Massage your lower back and abdomen.


Question: What are the symptoms of menstrual cramps?

Answer: Your doctor may call your cramps âdysmenorrhea.â Chances are, you know all too well how it feels. You may have: Aching pain in your belly (sometimes severe) Feeling of pressure in your belly Pain in the hips, lower back, and inner thighs When cramps are severe, symptoms may include: Upset stomach, sometimes with vomiting Loose stools Menstrual cramps happen because of contractions in the uterus, or womb, which is a muscle.


Question: What medications can you take to treat menstrual cramps?

Answer: If these steps do not relieve pain, tell your doctor, in case you need medicines such as: Ibuprofen (higher dose than is available over the counter) or other prescription pain relievers Oral contraceptives ( Women taking birth control pills have less menstrual pain.)


Question: What causes menstrual cramps?

Answer: You may have: Aching pain in your belly (sometimes severe) Feeling of pressure in your belly Pain in the hips, lower back, and inner thighs When cramps are severe, symptoms may include: Upset stomach, sometimes with vomiting Loose stools Menstrual cramps happen because of contractions in the uterus, or womb, which is a muscle. If it contracts too strongly during your menstrual cycle, it can press against nearby blood vessels. This briefly cuts off the supply of oxygen to the uterus. It's this lack of oxygen causes your pain and cramping.