Question: If you know you may be allergic to bee or wasp stings, what should you take as soon as possible?

Answer: Taking an antihistamine such as diphenhydramine ( Benadryl) or a nonsedating one such as loratadine ( Claritin) will help with itching and swelling. If you have a more moderate allergic reaction such as a rash all over the body and some mild problems breathing, you will likely receive injections of antihistamines, steroids, and epinephrine. If you are stung inside the mouth or throat, you may may need to remain in the emergency department for observation, or you may need more intensive management if complications develop.


Question: How should you treat a bee or wasp sting with no allergic symptoms?

Answer: Here are the steps you need to take after someone who is allergic has been stung: Remove any stingers immediately. The doctor may also tell you to use ibuprofen ( Motrin) or acetaminophen ( Tylenol) for pain. If your tetanus immunization is not current, you'll receive a booster shot. With mild allergic symptoms such as a rash and itching over your body but no problems with breathing or other vital signs, you may be treated with an antihistamine. You may also be given steroids.


Question: How should you treat a bee or wasp sting with moderate allergic symptoms?

Answer: Treatment may be started at the scene or in the ambulance by the emergency medics. You will likely be given injections of antihistamines, steroids, and epinephrine. You will be closely monitored in the emergency department and likely be admitted to the hospital -- perhaps the intensive care unit.


Question: How should you treat a bee or wasp sting on the mouth, or eyeball?

Answer: If you are doing well, you may be sent home after observation in the emergency department. If you are stung inside the mouth or throat, you may may need to remain in the emergency department for observation, or you may need more intensive management if complications develop.


Question: How should you treat a bee or wasp sting with severe allergic symptoms?

Answer: If you have a more moderate allergic reaction such as a rash all over the body and some mild problems breathing, you will likely receive injections of antihistamines, steroids, and epinephrine. Treatment may include placing a breathing tube into your trachea. You will likely be given injections of antihistamines, steroids, and epinephrine. Intravenous fluids may also be given. Some of these treatments may start at the scene or in the ambulance. You will be closely monitored in the emergency department and likely be admitted to the hospital -- perhaps the intensive care unit.


Question: How much does Medicare cover for therapeutic footwear for people with diabetes?

Answer: Medicare will pay for 80% of the Medicare-approved amount either directly to the patient or by reimbursement after the Part B deductible is met. The patient is responsible for a minimum of 20% of the total payment amount and possibly more if the dispenser does not accept Medicare assignment and if the dispenser's usual fee is higher than the payment amount.


Question: How can I meet Medicare requirements for therapeutic footwear for people with diabetes?

Answer: In order to receive payment for therapeutic shoes and inserts, Medicare also requires: A podiatrist or other qualified doctor to prescribe the shoes A doctor or other qualified professional, such as a pedorthist, orthotist, or prosthetist fits and provides the shoes Note that in most cases the certifying physician and the prescribing physician will be two different individuals.


Question: How does a radiofrequency ablation work to treat colon cancer with liver metastasis?

Answer: Radiofrequency ablation uses heat from radio waves to destroy cancer cells if your liver tumors are small.


Question: How is chemotherapy done to treat colon cancer with liver metastasis?

Answer: Chemotherapy Before surgery, you may get a type of medicine called chemotherapy, or "chemo," to kill cancer cells. There are different kinds of chemo drugs, and your doctor will pick those that are right for your type of cancer. Chemo shrinks the tumor so it's easier to remove. You may get chemotherapy after surgery, too, to kill any cancer cells that are left behind.


Question: How can you get support for living with colon cancer with liver metastasis?

Answer: Make sure you get the emotional support you need during this time, too. Friends, family members, social workers, and therapists can all be a big help. They may not be sure what to offer, so let them know what would be helpful. Ask them to listen when you've had a tough day or to do something fun with you when you have the energy for it.


Question: When do you need radiation to treat colon cancer with liver metastasis?

Answer: Radiation Radiation uses high-energy X-rays to kill cancer cells. You may get this treatment if your tumor can't be removed with surgery or to relieve your symptoms.


Question: What clinical trials exist for colon cancer with liver metastasis?

Answer: Scientists also are doing clinical trials to look for new ways to treat colon cancer that has spread. These trials test new drugs to see if they're safe and if they work. They often are a way for people to try new medicine that isn't available to everyone. Your doctor can tell you if one of these trials might be a good fit.


Question: How is surgery done to treat colon cancer with liver metastasis?

Answer: Surgery The main treatment for colon cancer that has spread to the liver is surgery when possible. The surgeon will take out as much of the cancer as possible from both the liver and colon. People who have just one cancer tumor in the liver have the highest survival rates. Sometimes, the tumor can block the intestine. If this happens, your doctor can do surgery to put in a tube called a stent to open up the blockage.


Question: How are targeted therapies used for colon cancer with liver metastasis?

Answer: Monoclonal antibodies, or targeted therapies, are lab-made versions of proteins that can be targeted to the cancer. You get some of these drugs through an IV. One drug comes in a pill form. They attach to certain other proteins in your body and change the way they work.


Question: What scans are used to diagnose colon cancer that has spread to the liver?

Answer: To see where the cancer is and how big it has grown, your doctor may order one or more of these scans: CT, or computed tomography. It's a powerful X-ray that makes detailed pictures of the inside of your body. MRI, or magnetic resonance imaging. It uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures of organs and structures inside your body. PET, or positron emission tomography. It uses radioactive particles called tracers to find disease inside your body. Liver biopsy. Your doctor will take a tiny sample of your liver to test it.


Question: What are the symptoms of colon cancer with liver metastasis?

Answer: The types of symptoms depend on the size of the cancer and where in your body it has spread. Some people with colon cancer that has spread to the liver don't have any symptoms. Or you might have symptoms like: Blood in the stool Pain in the right side of your belly Swelling in your belly A tired, sick feeling Weight loss To find out whether you have colon cancer that has spread to your liver, your doctor may ask questions like: When were you diagnosed with colon cancer?


Question: How is colon cancer with liver metastasis diagnosed?

Answer: Or you might have symptoms like: Blood in the stool Pain in the right side of your belly Swelling in your belly A tired, sick feeling Weight loss To find out whether you have colon cancer that has spread to your liver, your doctor may ask questions like: When were you diagnosed with colon cancer? What treatments have you had? What are your symptoms?


Question: How do people find out if they have colon cancer that has spread to the liver?

Answer: Some people with colon cancer that has spread to the liver don't have any symptoms. Others learn about it after they have surgery to remove their colon.


Question: What questions should you ask your doctor about being diagnosed with colon cancer with liver metastasis?

Answer: What's involved? For how long will I need treatment? What's my outlook? What problems or side effects could I have? How will we manage them? Should I consider a clinical trial? Should I get a second opinion? Will you recommend someone? How often should I see you for follow-ups? You go through a lot when you have cancer.


Question: How is an external beam radiation used to treat colon cancer with liver metastasis?

Answer: Radiation Radiation uses high-energy X-rays to kill cancer cells. These treatments are often only used in people with a small number of tumors in the liver. The radiation beam focuses treatment on the cancer cells to destroy them while limiting damage to nearby normal tissue.


Question: How can you take care of yourself if you have colon cancer with liver metastasis?

Answer: You may also get blood tests to check how well your liver is working. You may get this treatment if your tumor can't be removed with surgery or to relieve your symptoms. They leave the rest of your liver alone. Work with a dietitian to make sure you get enough calories and nutrition. Ask your doctor for a referral. Ask them to listen when you've had a tough day or to do something fun with you when you have the energy for it.


Question: How is scarlet fever treated?

Answer: Typically, the treatment for scarlet fever is the same as that for strep throat. Your doctor will give your child an antibiotic. It's important that she finish it all. Take acetaminophen ( Tylenol) or ibuprofen ( Advil, Motrin) for pain or fever. Drink more fluids. Add moisture to the air in your home. If your child is 4 years or older, soothing drops can help with throat pain. If the rash itches, talk to your doctor about an anti-itch medicine.


Question: When should I get medical for a neck strain?

Answer: See a doctor or go to a hospital emergency room if: An accident caused neck strain. Neck pain radiates down arms and/or legs. Headaches, numbness, tingling, or weakness occur with the pain.


Question: What is the difference between surgery and cosmetic surgery relative to vaginoplasty or labiaplasty?

Answer: In order to decide if you should consider vaginoplasty or labiaplasty, it's important to understand the difference between reconstructive surgery and cosmetic surgery. Reconstructive surgery improves the function of a body part, while cosmetic surgery changes the aesthetics of essentially normal anatomy. You can think of it like a nose job: a surgeon can restructure the interior nasal cavities to help you breathe better or reshape the nose, just for the sake of appearances. It's a critical distinction, because the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists evaluates surgeries and outcomes to fix functional problems, such as urinary incontinence. But ACOG remains skeptical and cautious about cosmetic vaginal surgery due to its risks and lack of scientific data on safety and effectiveness. Some vaginoplasty procedures, for instance, were originally developed as reconstructive surgeries to repair birth defects when the vagina was malformed, too short, or absent (such as in vaginal agensis), so that a girl could grow up to have normal urination, menstruation, and intercourse.


Question: What surgeries are related to vaginoplasty or labiaplasty?

Answer: More recently, vaginoplasty has grown into a group of cosmetic surgeries marketed as "vaginal rejuvenation" and "designer vagina" procedures. Plastic surgeons and gynecologists are marketing their own array of designer vaginoplasty surgeries, claiming the same benefits to women as with other cosmetic surgeries, such as beauty, self-esteem, and confidence. Recently, laser technology has been introduced by some surgeons for "vaginal rejuvenation" and other vaginal surgeries to replace the traditional scalpel. Individual doctors who are members of the American Society of Plastic Surgery ( ASPS) offer various "vaginal rejuvenation" procedures, but the ASPS itself does not endorse particular surgeries and cautions that "vaginal rejuvenation" surgery may need further scientific study to determine efficacy and success. None of the cosmetic vaginoplasty surgeries are considered accepted, routine procedures by ACOG.


Question: What are some examples of vaginal rejuvenation and designer vagina procedures?

Answer: More recently, vaginoplasty has grown into a group of cosmetic surgeries marketed as "vaginal rejuvenation" and "designer vagina" procedures. The hymen, the thin tissue at the entrance to the vagina, normally "breaks" the first time a woman has intercourse. Because of the strong religious convictions surrounding the importance of virginity in some cultures, this is among the most controversial of cosmetic vaginal surgeries. Clitoral unhooding. Some surgeons are marketing a procedure called clitoral unhooding, which removes the tissue that normally covers the clitoris. G-spot amplification. The front wall of the vagina, some experts believe, holds the highly erotic G-spot, an especially sensitive stimulation site for female arousal and orgasm. The G-spot amplification procedure involves injecting collagen into the front wall of the vagina, theoretically to increase pleasure.


Question: When should you call your doctor about taking warfarin for heart disease?

Answer: If you notice any of the following signs of bleeding or illness, pick up the phone. Weakness or more fatigue than usual, or looking pale (symptoms of anemia) Cuts that won't stop bleeding after pressure is applied for 10 minutes Coughing or vomiting blood (which may look like coffee grounds) Blood from the nose, gums, or ears Unusual color of the urine or stool (including dark brown urine, or red or black, tarry stools) Unusual bruising (black and blue marks on your skin) for unknown reasons Menstrual bleeding that is heavier or lasts longer than normal A fever or illness that gets worse A serious fall or a blow to the head Unusual pain or swelling Unusual headache Dizziness Difficulty breathing Your doctor may want to do a blood test, stop the warfarin, or prescribe medication to stop the bleeding. Also contact your doctor if you have any other symptoms that cause concern.


Question: What should you do before you travel if you're taking warfarin for heart disease?

Answer: Check in with your doctor before you travel. You may need to have a blood test and get your dose adjusted. While traveling, carry your medications with you at all times. Don't put medications in checked baggage, and don't leave them in the car.


Question: How can other medications affect the way warfarin for heart disease works?

Answer: Many medications and dietary supplements can affect the way warfarin works. These include: Prescription drugs Nonprescription pain medications including aspirin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ( NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen, ketoprofen, and naproxen Cough or cold remedies Herbal products, natural remedies, and nutritional supplements Products with vitamin K Before you take any new drug -- including over-the-counter medications, herbal products, vitamins, nutritional supplements, or medication prescribed by another doctor or dentist -- check with the doctor who monitors your warfarin.


Question: When is warfarin used to treat heart disease?

Answer: People with atrial fibrillation (an irregular heart rhythm), pulmonary embolism (blockage of a major blood vessel in the lung), and who have had artificial heart valve surgery or an orthopedic procedure like hip replacement or other types of bone surgery often take it.


Question: What activities can be risky when taking warfarin for heart disease?

Answer: Check with your doctor before starting any exercise or sports program. Your doctor may want you to avoid activities that may cause a serious fall or other injury. Wear or carry identification that says you're taking warfarin. Use a soft toothbrush. Brush and floss gently so your gums won't bleed. Be careful when using razors.


Question: What is warfarin for heart disease?

Answer: People with atrial fibrillation (an irregular heart rhythm), pulmonary embolism (blockage of a major blood vessel in the lung), and who have had artificial heart valve surgery or an orthopedic procedure like hip replacement or other types of bone surgery often take it. Warfarin may also prevent other clots from forming or growing. It is best to avoid alcohol while taking warfarin.


Question: How can warfarin help with heart disease?

Answer: Your doctor may have prescribed warfarin because your body is making blood clots or you have a medical condition known to promote them. Warfarin won't dissolve a blood clot. However, over time, the blood clot may dissolve on its own. Warfarin may also prevent other clots from forming or growing.


Question: How is surgery used to treat frequent urination?

Answer: Several types of surgery are also available. The least invasive involve implanting small nerve stimulators just beneath the skin. The nerves they stimulate control the pelvic floor and the devices can manipulate contractions in the organs and muscles within the pelvic floor.


Question: What are some less common causes of frequent urination?

Answer: Less common causes include bladder cancer, bladder dysfunction, and radiation therapy.


Question: How is frequent urination treated?

Answer: Treatment for frequent urination will address the underlying problem that is causing it. For example, if diabetes is the cause, treatment will involve keeping blood sugar levels under control.


Question: How can interstitial cystitis cause frequent urination?

Answer: This condition of unknown cause is characterized by pain in the bladder and pelvic region. Often, symptoms include an urgent and/or frequent need to urinate.


Question: What drugs are used to treat frequent urination?

Answer: Treatment may also include drugs such as darifenacin ( Enablex), desmopressin acetate ( Noctiva), imipramine ( Tofranil), mirabegron ( Myrbetriq), oxybutynin ( Ditropan), oxybutynin skin patch ( Oxytrol), solifenacin ( Vesicare). tolterodine extended-release ( Detrol LA), and trospium extended-release ( Sanctura XR), Oxytrol for women is the only drug available over the counter. Darifenacin is specifically for people who wake up more than twice a night to urinate.


Question: When should you see a doctor about frequent urination?

Answer: When frequent urination is accompanied by fever, an urgent need to urinate, and pain or discomfort in the abdomen, you may have a urinary tract infection.


Question: What are some other options to treat frequent urination?

Answer: There are other options for those that do not respond to lifestyle changes and medication. The drug Botox can be injected into the bladder muscle causing the bladder to relax, increasing its storage capacity, and reducing episodes of leakage.


Question: How can frequent urination be a problem?

Answer: Often, frequent urination is not a symptom of a problem, but is the problem. In people with overactive bladder syndrome, involuntary bladder contractions lead to frequent and often urgent urination, meaning you have to get to a bathroom right now -- even if your bladder is not full. It may also lead you to wake up once or more during the night to use the bathroom.


Question: How can stroke or other neurological diseases cause frequent urination?

Answer: In people with overactive bladder syndrome, involuntary bladder contractions lead to frequent and often urgent urination, meaning you have to get to a bathroom right now -- even if your bladder is not full.


Question: What causes frequent urination?

Answer: Frequent urination can be a symptom of many different problems from kidney disease to simply drinking too much fluid. When frequent urination is accompanied by fever, an urgent need to urinate, and pain or discomfort in the abdomen, you may have a urinary tract infection.


Question: How can diabetes cause frequent urination?

Answer: Frequent urination with an abnormally large amount of urine is often an early symptom of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes as the body tries to rid itself of unused glucose through the urine.


Question: How can prostate problems cause frequent urination?

Answer: An enlarged prostate can press against the urethra (the tube that carries urine out the body) and block the flow of urine. This causes the bladder wall to become irritable. The bladder begins to contract even when it contains small amounts of urine, causing more frequent urination.


Question: How can pregnancy cause frequent urination?

Answer: From the early weeks of pregnancy the growing uterus places pressure on the bladder, causing frequent urination.


Question: How will your doctor diagnose frequent urination?

Answer: Do you have the problem only during the day or also at night? Are you drinking more than usual? Is your urine darker or lighter than usual? Do you drink alcohol or caffeinated beverages? Depending on the findings of the physical exam and medical history, your doctor may order tests, including: Urinalysis .


Question: How can diuretic use cause frequent urination?

Answer: This causes the bladder wall to become irritable. These medications that are used to treat high blood pressure or fluid buildup work in the kidney and flush excess fluid from the body, causing frequent urination.


Question: What behavioral therapies do doctors use to treat frequent urination?

Answer: The treatment for overactive bladder should begin with behavioral therapies, such as: Bladder retraining. This involves increasing the intervals between using the bathroom over the course of about 12 weeks. This helps retrain your bladder to hold urine longer and to urinate less frequently. Diet modification. You should avoid any food that appears to irritate your bladder or acts as a diuretic. These may include caffeine, alcohol, carbonated drinks, tomato-based products, chocolate, artificial sweeteners, and spicy foods. It's also important to eat high-fiber foods, because constipation may worsen the symptoms of overactive bladder syndrome. Monitoring fluid food intake. You should drink enough to prevent constipation and over-concentration of urine. These exercises help strengthen the muscles around the bladder and urethra to improve bladder control and reduce urinary urgency and frequency. This techinique can help you learn how your pelvic muscles work to help you better control them. The nerves they stimulate control the pelvic floor and the devices can manipulate contractions in the organs and muscles within the pelvic floor.


Question: How is cystometry used to diagnose frequent urination?

Answer: A test that measures the pressure inside of the bladder to see how well the bladder is working; cystometry is done to determine if a muscle or nerve problem may be causing problems with how well the bladder holds or releases urine. There's a broader term called urodynamics that includes tests such as cystometry, uroflowmetry, urethral pressure and others.


Question: What are  ticks?

Answer: In fact, they're second only to mosquitoes in spreading disease to humans. Ticks are related to spiders, so they have eight legs. They have flat, oval bodies that swell when they eat. And they feed on the blood of all kinds of animals, from birds to deer to humans. They're also very small. Even adult ticks are only about the size of an apple seed, unless they've just fed. That means they're hard to spot, which is partly why they're so good at passing along illnesses without getting caught.


Question: How can you get Powassan virus from ticks?

Answer: Powassan virus: This isn't common, but you can get it from blacklegged tick and groundhog ticks in the Great Lakes region and the Northeast. It can cause memory loss, confusion, and seizures.


Question: How can you get ehrlichiosis from ticks?

Answer: Ehrlichiosis: The lone star tick in the south-central and eastern United States causes this one. You get the typical symptoms and, sometimes, a rash. It's treated with antibiotics.


Question: How can you get 364D rickettsiosis from ticks?

Answer: 364 D rickettsiosis: This is a newer disease found in California from the Pacific Coast tick. It causes fever and a dark scab where you were bitten.


Question: How can you get babesiosis from ticks?

Answer: Babesiosis: Another disease from the blacklegged tick in the Northeast and Upper Midwest, this time you get parasites in your red blood cells. It can be life-threatening if you are elderly, had your spleen removed, or have a weak immune system.


Question: How can you get Colorado tick fever?

Answer: Colorado Tick Fever: Caused by the Rocky Mountain wood tick, you can get this in Rocky Mountain states at heights of 4,000 to 10,500 feet. You may get a fever for several days, then feel fine for a while, then have a fever for a few more days. For most, it's a mild illness.


Question: How can you get Rickettsia parkeri rickettsiosis from ticks?

Answer: Rickettsia parkeri rickettsiosis: You get this one from the Gulf Coast tick in the South and East, especially along the coast. You get a dark scab where you were bitten, and maybe a rash. It's treated with antibiotics.


Question: How can you get southern tick-associated rash illness (STARI) from ticks?

Answer: Southern tick-associated rash illness ( STARI): This comes from the lone star tick. The symptoms are a lot like Lyme disease -- joint pain and a similar rash. But where Lyme disease is caused by bacteria, experts don't know what causes STARI.


Question: What are treatments for Lyme disease from ticks?

Answer: If you don't treat Lyme disease, it can lead to severe problems, such as: Brain and nervous system problems Joint pain that doesn't go away Heart issues Problems with memory and thinking clearly It's usually treated with antibiotics, and the sooner you start, the better.


Question: How can ticks spread disease?

Answer: Ticks spread disease by passing along bacteria, viruses, and parasites (organisms that feed off their hosts). Most of these illnesses give you the typical flulike symptoms, such as chills, fever, headache, and muscle aches.


Question: How can you get Lyme disease from ticks?

Answer: Lyme disease: Probably the most widely known disease from ticks, you get Lyme from blacklegged ticks in the Upper Midwest and Northeast and the western blacklegged tick on the West Coast. In the United States, the tick can give you two different bacteria, each of which causes Lyme disease.


Question: How can you get heartland virus from ticks?

Answer: Heartland virus: This is a newer illness found only in Missouri and Tennessee so far. Experts think you can get it from lone star ticks but aren't totally sure.


Question: Where do ticks live?

Answer: Mostly, it's these ticks that gives illnesses to people: American dog tick, also called a wood tick Blacklegged tick, also called a deer tick Brown dog tick Gulf Coast tick Lone star tick Rocky Mountain wood tick Western blacklegged tick You can find at least one kind of disease-carrying tick just about anywhere in the United States, though some places have more than others. And the various regions of the country have different types, which carry different diseases. For example, Lyme disease is mostly a problem in the Northeast and Upper Midwest. Ticks make their homes in wooded areas with lots of shrubs, tall grasses and weeds, and leaf litter -- all good places from which to latch on to animals walking by. They'll settle down in overgrown patches in your yard, woodpiles, and even bird feeders.


Question: How can you get tularemia from ticks?

Answer: Tularemia: You get this from a dog tick, wood tick, or lone star tick pretty much anywhere across the country. The most common symptoms are high fever and an open, painful sore where you were bitten. It can be life-threatening, but it's treatable with antibiotics.


Question: What problems can be caused by Lyme disease from ticks?

Answer: If you don't treat Lyme disease, it can lead to severe problems, such as: Brain and nervous system problems Joint pain that doesn't go away Heart issues Problems with memory and thinking clearly It's usually treated with antibiotics, and the sooner you start, the better.


Question: How can you get red meat allergy from ticks?

Answer: Red meat allergy: For some people, a bite from the lone star tick -- found from Texas to New England -- causes an allergy to red meat. You may get hives, asthma, or even a severe, life-threatening reaction called anaphylaxis.


Question: How can you get anaplasmosis from ticks?

Answer: Anaplasmosis: In the Northeast and Upper Midwest, you get this illness from the blacklegged tick. On the West Coast, it's from the western blacklegged tick. It gives you the typical symptoms, and it's treated with antibiotics.


Question: How can you get tick-borne relapsing fever from ticks?

Answer: Tick-borne relapsing fever: While other diseases come from hard-bodied ticks, this one is from a soft-bodied type. People have gotten it from California to Ohio, usually after sleeping in more rustic cabins or homes. Without antibiotics, you'll repeat a cycle of 3 days of fever, then 7 days without.


Question: What kinds ticks can give illnesses to people?

Answer: Mostly, it's these ticks that gives illnesses to people: American dog tick, also called a wood tick Blacklegged tick, also called a deer tick Brown dog tick Gulf Coast tick Lone star tick Rocky Mountain wood tick Western blacklegged tick You can find at least one kind of disease-carrying tick just about anywhere in the United States, though some places have more than others.


Question: How can you get Borrelia mayamotoi from ticks?

Answer: Borrelia Mayamotoi: Once again, you get this from blacklegged ticks in the Northeast and Upper Midwest. You may get joint pain along with flulike symptoms. It's treated with antibiotics.


Question: How can you get rocky mountain spotted fever from ticks?

Answer: It can cause memory loss, confusion, and seizures. Rocky Mountain spotted fever: You can get RMSF from the American dog tick, Rocky Mountain wood tick, and brown dog tick. Despite the name, it's most common in the Southeast. It usually starts off with a bad headache and high fever. Most people then get a rash that starts on their ankles and wrists and spreads from there. Doctors treat it with antibiotics. It can be life-threatening, but it's treatable with antibiotics.


Question: Who is more likely to get hepatitis C?

Answer: People with HIV are more likely to have hepatitis C. About one in 4 people in the U. S. who have HIV also have hepatitis C, according to the CDC. Having both makes serious, life-threatening complications -- including liver failure -- more likely.


Question: What should you do if you find out you have hepatitis C?

Answer: The CDC recommends hepatitis C testing if you: Were born between 1945 and 1965 Have used injected drugs Have HIV Were born to a mother who had hepatitis C Were treated for a blood clotting problem before 1987 Got a blood transfusion or organ transplant before July 1992 Have been a long-term hemodialysis patient Work in health care or public safety and were exposed to blood through a needle stick or other sharp object injury If you get tested and find out you have hepatitis C, tell your sex partner(s) and anyone else who may have been exposed to your blood, including through drug use.


Question: What can you do to prevent hepatitis C?

Answer: Without using condoms, the following situations increase your risk of getting hepatitis C from sex: If you or your partner have HIV or another sexually transmitted disease Have multiple sexual partners Have rough sex that could cause tears or fissures Receiving anal intercourse Sex while menstruating To lower your chances of getting infected by someone who has or may have hepatitis C or infecting your partner, avoid sex acts that could cause bleeding. These include using toys, receiving anal sex, and using drugs while having sex. Don't have sex when you or your partner has your period or has genital sores. Always use a condom when you have sex with a new partner. If you use a sex toy that might break the skin, cover it with a condom. Put a new one on before someone else uses the toy.


Question: Can you get hepatitis C from kissing?

Answer: The hepatitis C virus usually spreads through blood. Not a problem.


Question: How can you make sure that your hearing aid does not cause sore or itchy ears?

Answer: If your ears feel sore inside, try these steps: Make sure you use the correct hearing aid for each ear. The device for the right ear usually has a red mark, while the device for the left is marked in blue. Place a dab of hearing aid gel or lubricant at the entrance of the ear after you remove your hearing aids each night. These products relieve dry skin and itching. But first, check with your audiologist to make sure you choose one that's safe for your style of hearing aid. If you notice a sore spot or general discomfort that doesn't go away in a few days, your audiologist may need to change the shape of your hearing aid or ear mold.


Question: How can you avoid whistling sound from hearing aid?

Answer: To avoid it: Don't lean your ear against a pillow or cover it with a hat or scarf. That can trap sound from the hearing aid and cause it to re-enter the microphone. Place the tip of the hearing aid or ear mold securely inside the ear. Feedback is more common when the tip is not in the right position. If you have a volume control, keep the setting near its default. Feedback can happen when you turn the sound up too high. Ask your audiologist or your doctor to check your ears and, if necessary, remove any wax buildup.


Question: What can you do to make sure that your hearing aid does not cause sore or itchy ears?

Answer: If you wear a behind-the-ear hearing aid, and the top of your ear is sore, try these steps: Place a strip of moleskin on the underside of the device, where it rests on the top of your ear. Ask your audiologist about changing the length of your tubing or receiver wire.


Question: What can you do to make sure your hearing aid works?

Answer: Place the tip of the hearing aid or ear mold securely inside the ear. If you've already replaced the battery, and the device still isn't working, follow these steps: Open the battery door and check that the battery is right side up. The flat side with the â+â should be facing up. If your hearing aid has an âon/offâ button, switch it on. If your hearing aids have tubing or wiring, check for cracks or tears. Your audiologist can usually replace these parts in the office when needed.


Question: How can you make sure that your hearing aid does not make sharp sounds?

Answer: But first, check with your audiologist to make sure you choose one that's safe for your style of hearing aid. If you wear a behind-the-ear hearing aid, and the top of your ear is sore, try these steps: Place a strip of moleskin on the underside of the device, where it rests on the top of your ear. That's a sign that your brain is getting used to the sounds, and you're ready for a boost in volume. The goal of hearing aids is to help you hear all the sounds of speech.


Question: What are some common problems with new hearing aids?

Answer: New hearing aid? Place a dab of hearing aid gel or lubricant at the entrance of the ear after you remove your hearing aids each night. These products relieve dry skin and itching. If you wear a behind-the-ear hearing aid, and the top of your ear is sore, try these steps: Place a strip of moleskin on the underside of the device, where it rests on the top of your ear. Ask your audiologist about changing the length of your tubing or receiver wire. To avoid it: Don't lean your ear against a pillow or cover it with a hat or scarf. If you have a volume control, keep the setting near its default. Ask your audiologist or your doctor to check your ears and, if necessary, remove any wax buildup.


Question: What should you do if your hearing aid has a weak or dull sound quality?

Answer: If you've already replaced the battery, and the device still isn't working, follow these steps: Open the battery door and check that the battery is right side up. If that doesn't help, check the opening where the sound comes out. Remove visible debris with your cleaning tool and change your wax filters. If you have tubing, it may need to be changed.


Question: What is dehydration?

Answer: Usually you replace the lost liquid by drinking fluids and eating foods that contain water. If you lose too much water or don't drink and eat enough, you can get dehydrated.


Question: What does urinalysis indicate in regard to dehydration?

Answer: Signs of mild or moderate dehydration include: Thirst Dry or sticky mouth Not peeing very much Dark yellow pee Dry, cool skin Headache Muscle cramps Signs of severe dehydration include: Not peeing or having very dark yellow pee Very dry skin Feeling dizzy Rapid heartbeat Rapid breathing Sunken eyes Sleepiness, lack of energy, confusion or irritability Fainting Symptoms for babies and young children can be different than for adults: Dry mouth and tongue No tears when crying Dry diapers for 3 hours Sunken eyes, cheeks, soft spot on the top of the skull Sleepiness, lack of energy, or irritability Severe dehydration is a medical emergency and needs to be treated immediately. Anyone can get dehydrated, but the odds are higher for some people: Babies and young children are the most likely to have severe diarrhea and vomiting, and they lose the most water from a high fever. The youngest can't tell you they're thirsty or get their own drink.


Question: When should you call a doctor about symptoms of dehydration?

Answer: You can lose more water than usual with: A fever Diarrhea Vomiting Excessive sweating Peeing a lot ( Diabetes and some medications like water pills -- also called diuretics -- can make you pee more often.)


Question: Can you get HIV by being around people who are HIV-positive?

Answer: HIV isn't spread through touch, tears, sweat, saliva, or pee. You can't catch it by: Breathing the same air Touching a toilet seat or door knob or handle Drinking from a water fountain Hugging, kissing, or shaking hands Sharing eating utensils Using exercise equipment at a gym You can get it from infected blood, semen, vaginal fluid, or breast milk.


Question: Is it true that you don't need to worry about getting HIV because drugs can keep you well?

Answer: Antiretroviral drugs, also called ART, do improve the lives of many people who are HIV-positive and help them live longer. But many of these drugs are expensive and have serious side effects. Nothing yet cures HIV. And drug-resistant strains of HIV can make treatment harder. Prevention is cheaper and easier than managing a life-long condition and the problems it brings.


Question: Do mosquitoes spread HIV?

Answer: Because the virus is passed through blood, people have worried that they could get it from biting or bloodsucking insects. Several studies show that doesn't happen -- even in areas with lots of mosquitoes and cases of HIV. When bugs bite, they don't inject the blood of the person or animal they bit before you. Also, HIV lives for only a short time inside them.


Question: If I'm straight and don't use IV drugs, can I still get HIV?

Answer: Most men become HIV-positive through sexual contact with other men. But you can get the virus from heterosexual contact, too: About 1 in 6 men and 3 in 4 women do.


Question: My partner and I are both HIV-positive. Do we still need to practice safe sex?

Answer: And drug-resistant strains of HIV can make treatment harder.


Question: If I'm getting treated for HIV, can I still spread the virus?

Answer: When HIV treatments work well, they can lower the amount of virus in your blood to a level that doesn't show up in blood tests. This is called an undetectable viral load. However, this doesn't mean zero viral load, and there can be intermittent increases in the virus level. So while you are less contagious with an undetectable viral load, the risk of spreading HIV is not zero. You should practice safe sex so you won't make someone else HIV-positive.


Question: How can I help myself stick to exercising?

Answer: Get an exercise buddy to walk with you, or take fitness classes together. When someone else is counting on you to go for a hike, work out, or ride bikes, you'll be less likely to make an excuse. The two of you will keep each other on track, and you won't want to let each other down.


Question: How can I exercise if the weather is bad?

Answer: Who says you have to go outside? Walk laps in your house, or walk up and down the stairs. Play an active video game like Wii Fit. Put on some music and dance around. Go to the mall, or find a high school or YMCA with an indoor track, and walk in comfort.


Question: How can I fit in exercise if I don't have time?

Answer: But if you're tied up with work, school, or family activities, find little pockets of time whenever you can. Park farther away in the parking lot. Take the stairs instead of the elevator. Walk around the field while the kids are at soccer practice. Be creative to fit in exercise. Little moments of movement add up to a more active lifestyle.


Question: What should I do if I don't know how to exercise?

Answer: You don't need to join a gym or find a personal trainer. Start out by simply going for a walk. Begin with a 5-minute walk and slowly build from there. You can also find free exercise videos online.


Question: Why is exercise important for people with diabetes?

Answer: Exercise does so many good things for you when you have diabetes. It lowers your blood sugar levels, can ease stress, and helps you lose extra weight.


Question: What can I do if I have diabetes and just never feel like exercising?

Answer: So what's stopping you? Recommended Related to Diabetes Diabetes Care: Managing Your Time When You Have Diabetes Sometimes, living with diabetes can seem like a full-time job -- trying to keep up with everything you need to do for proper diabetes care. " Do you want to feel good enough to dance at a wedding? Also, think of a non-food reward, like a massage or a movie, and treat yourself when you've exercised every day for a week.


Question: What if it hurts to exercise?

Answer: I don't have time to exercise. Walk laps in your house, or walk up and down the stairs. If you get the OK to start exercising, try non-impact exercises like swimming, biking, and using elliptical machines. Look for exercise videos made for people who have pain.


Question: How much calcium should I get through supplements?

Answer: It depends on how much you're already getting in your diet. Adults need 1,000 milligrams of calcium (from all sources) every day, and that amount goes up with age. Women over 50 and men over 70 need 1,200 milligrams per day. If you think you need a supplement to boost your number, check with your doctor.


Question: What can happen if I get too much calcium?

Answer: High levels of the mineral in your blood can lead to kidney problems, as well as hardened blood vessels and tissue. Some studies also link high calcium intake, particularly from supplements, with a greater risk of heart disease, though the results aren't settled.


Question: What are the symptoms of burns?

Answer: The symptoms of burns depend on the cause and type of burn. They can include: Blisters Pain ( The degree of pain is not related to the severity of the burn, as the most serious burns can be painless.) Peeling skin Red skin Shock ( Symptoms of shock may include pale and clammy skin, weakness, bluish lips and fingernails, and a drop in alertness.) Swelling White or charred skin Burn treatment depends on the type of burn.


Question: What causes burns?

Answer: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } Dry heat (such as fire), wet heat (such as steam or hot liquids), radiation, friction, heated objects, the sun, electricity, or chemicals can all cause burns. Thermal burns are the most common kind of burns. These burns occur when flames, hot metals, scalding liquids, or steam come in contact with skin as a result of many different circumstances, including house fires, vehicle accidents, kitchen accidents, and electrical malfunctions.


Question: How are burns treated?

Answer: Swelling White or charred skin Burn treatment depends on the type of burn. First-degree burns usually are treated with skin care products like aloe vera cream or an antibiotic ointment and pain medication such as acetaminophen ( Tylenol). Second-degree burns may be treated with an antibiotic cream or other creams or ointments prescribed by a doctor. The treatment of third-degree burns may require the process of skin grafting or the use of synthetic skin. Severe burns covering large parts of the body may need more intensive treatments such as intravenous ( IV) antibiotics to prevent infection or IV fluids to replace fluids lost when skin was burned.


Question: How can I manage burn pain?

Answer: They can include: Blisters Pain ( The degree of pain is not related to the severity of the burn, as the most serious burns can be painless.) Burn pain is difficult to control because of its unique characteristics, its changing patterns, and its various components. In addition, there is pain involved in the treatment of burns, as the wounds must be cleansed and the dressings changed. Studies show that aggressive treatments for pain are needed with severe burns.


Question: What are the three types of burns?

Answer: They result in pain and reddening of the epidermis (outer layer of the skin). Second-degree burns (partial thickness burns) affect the epidermis and the dermis (lower layer of skin). They cause pain, redness, swelling, and blistering. Third-degree burns (full thickness burns) go through the dermis and affect deeper tissues. They result in white or blackened, charred skin that may be numb. Thermal burns are the most common kind of burns. They can include: Blisters Pain ( The degree of pain is not related to the severity of the burn, as the most serious burns can be painless.)


Question: How can antihistamines help with nasal congestion and sinus pressure?

Answer: You may also find antihistamines in some multi-symptom cold medicines which can help a runny nose and sneezing.


Question: When should you see your doctor about nasal congestion and sinus pressure?

Answer: Check in with her if you have nasal congestion and sinus pressure for more than 7 days. Make the call sooner if your symptoms are severe.


Question: How can you treat nasal congestion and sinus pressure at home?

Answer: When you're stuffed up, focus on keeping your nasal passages and sinuses moist. Although people sometimes think that dry air might help clear up a runny nose, it actually has the opposite effect. Drying out the membranes will irritate them further.


Question: How can decongestants help with nasal congestion and sinus pressure?

Answer: These medicines help reduce the swelling in your nasal passages and ease the stuffiness and sinus pressure.


Question: What can you do to treat nasal congestion and sinus pressure at home?

Answer: To keep your nasal passages moist, you can: Use a humidifier or vaporizer. Take long showers or breathe in steam from a pot of warm (but not too hot) water. Drink lots of fluids. This will thin out your mucus, which could help prevent blocked sinuses. Use a nasal saline spray. It's salt water, and it will help keep your nasal passages from drying out. Try a Neti pot, nasal irrigator, or bulb syringe. Use distilled, sterile water or H2 O that's been boiled and cooled to make up the irrigation solution. Rinse the irrigation device after each use and let it air dry. Place a warm, wet towel on your face. It may relieve discomfort and open your nasal passages. Prop yourself up. At night, lie on a couple of pillows. Keeping your head elevated may make breathing more comfortable. Avoid chlorinated pools. They can irritate your nasal passages.


Question: How can pain relievers help with nasal congestion and sinus pressure?

Answer: Although they won't clear up congestion, pain relievers such as acetaminophen, ibuprofen, and naproxen can ease the pain caused by sinus pressure.


Question: What causes nasal congestion and sinus pressure?

Answer: Nasal congestion and sinus pressure have many causes: colds, the flu, and allergies to name a few. They begin to make more mucus to flush out whatever causes the irritation, such as an allergen. When you're stuffed up, focus on keeping your nasal passages and sinuses moist.


Question: What is gout?

Answer: It usually affects only one joint at a time, but if it's not treated, you might end up with it in your knee, ankle, foot, hand, wrist, or elbow. The most common signs of a gout attack are: Sudden and severe pain in a joint, usually in the middle of the night or early morning Tenderness in the joint. It can also be warm to the touch and look red or purple Stiffness in the joint If gout isn't treated over long periods of time, the crystals can form lumps under the skin around the joint.


Question: When should you call your doctor about gout?

Answer: Gout is arthritis that happens when you have too much uric acid in your blood and it forms sharp crystals in one of your joints. Until your appointment, you can ice and elevate the joint, and take anti-inflammatory drugs such as naproxen and ibuprofen. You also should drink plenty of fluids, especially water, but stay away from alcohol or sweet drinks.


Question: How can diabetes cause major foot problems?

Answer: Many people with diabetes have two other conditions that raise their chances of foot amputation: diabetic neuropathy and peripheral arterial disease ( PAD). Neuropathy is nerve damage. It can mean you're less able to feel heat, cold, and even sharp objects. If you have neuropathy in your feet, you could walk around all day with a rock in your shoe and not know it. That means you could get a bad cut and not notice until it gets infected. With PAD, fatty deposits build up in your arteries, causing poor blood flow to your legs and feet. When you don't have good circulation, it's hard for your body to fight infections. So, a cut you get from a rock in your shoe could get infected and not heal. It's one reason a doctor may recommend amputation. Poor blood flow also can cause gangrene, a medical term for dead tissue and a common reason for amputation. Gangrene can happen because of PAD or when high blood sugar levels damage blood vessels over time.


Question: What are some alternatives to foot amputation?

Answer: Besides neuropathy and PAD, other things can raise your odds of a foot amputation: A family history of diabetes-related foot amputations Other family members with diabetes Foot ulcers Foot fractures Slow-healing wounds Toenail fungus or other toenail infections Bunions Corns Thick calluses Even with a bad infection or a wound that won't heal, your doctor may not suggest foot amputation -- at least not right away. Depending on your condition, she might instead recommend: Surgery to clean the wound and remove dead tissue Antibiotics, which you'll get at the hospital through a tube (an IV) into your vein Amputation of one or more toes Surgery that brings new blood flow to your foot, called revascularization You're much more likely to avoid a foot amputation if you make your health and your feet a priority.


Question: What can make amputation more likely if you have diabetes?

Answer: Besides neuropathy and PAD, other things can raise your odds of a foot amputation: A family history of diabetes-related foot amputations Other family members with diabetes Foot ulcers Foot fractures Slow-healing wounds Toenail fungus or other toenail infections Bunions Corns Thick calluses Even with a bad infection or a wound that won't heal, your doctor may not suggest foot amputation -- at least not right away.


Question: What should you check for to prevent diabetes-related foot problems and amputation?

Answer: If these issues get bad enough, they can mean you'll need surgery to remove your foot, called amputation. You can avoid this operation, though, through two important strategies: Keep your condition under control, and be sure you protect and inspect your feet every day. Check your feet every day. Let your doctor know if you see cuts, blisters, or any other foot problems, such as: Color changes, a sign of a problem with your foot's blood supply Less feeling in your feet Ingrown toenails Corns or calluses Plantar warts (flesh-colored growths) Warm spots Wear the right shoes.


Question: How can medications help people with sleeplessness resulting from pain?

Answer: The first step for anyone with sleep problems is to improve their sleep habits. Many people need both. But don't treat chronic pain and insomnia on your own. Over-the-counter drugs are not intended for long-term use. Instead, talk to your health care provider so you can get a personalized treatment plan. Here are some of the drugs that help people with chronic pain feel better and get some rest.


Question: How can I treat pain and sleeplessness?

Answer: It all depends on your particular case -- the kind of pain you have and the other medications you take, for instance. The first step for anyone with sleep problems is to improve their sleep habits. This helps set the stage for a good night's rest. Cymbalta is approved for musculoskeletal pain.


Question: What is a casein allergy?

Answer: A casein allergy occurs when your body's immune system mistakenly thinks the protein is harmful and inappropriately produces allergic ( Ig E) antibodies for protection. Within minutes, the interaction between these antibodies and the specific protein triggers the release of body chemicals such as histamine that cause symptoms which may include: Swelling of the lips, mouth, tongue, face, or throat Skin reactions such as hives, a rash, or red, itchy skin Nasal congestion, sneezing, runny nose, itchy eyes, coughing, or wheezing The most serious reaction to milk allergy is called anaphylaxis.


Question: What are the risks of taking black cohosh?

Answer: Black cohosh may not be safe for: Women who are pregnant (although it is sometimes used to induce labor) Women who have -- or have had -- breast cancer or uterine cancer Women who have endometriosis Children under 18 People with liver disease, a high risk of stroke or blood clots, or seizure disorders People with allergies to aspirin Interactions.


Question: What medications can black cohosh interact with?

Answer: People taking other medicines including birth control pills, hormone replacement therapy, sedatives, or blood pressure medicine should not take black cohosh without the approval of their doctors.


Question: How much black cohosh should you take?

Answer: For menopausal symptoms, the dose of black cohosh used in studies has been 20-40 milligram tablets of a standardized extract taken twice a day. Directions for taking black cohosh in other forms will vary. Some experts say that no one should take black cohosh for more than six months at a time.


Question: Why do people take black cohosh?

Answer: Black cohosh is most often used to control the symptoms of menopause, such as: Headaches Hot flashes Mood changes Sleep problems Heart palpitations Night sweats Vaginal dryness Some studies have found evidence that black cohosh does help with these symptoms. However, many experts consider the evidence unclear and say that we need more research. Other uses of black cohosh have less scientific support. Women sometimes take it to regulate periods, ease PMS symptoms, and induce labor.


Question: What is black cohosh and what is it used for?

Answer: For centuries, the roots of the North American black cohosh plant have been used for various ailments. Black cohosh is now a popular remedy for the symptoms of menopause.


Question: What are the side effects of taking black cohosh?

Answer: Side effects from black cohosh include headaches and upset stomach, but there are many others. Side effects may be more likely to occur at high doses. There have been some people who may have developed liver problems after using black cohosh, the specifics of which are still being investigated. Nonetheless, people with pre-existing liver problems, or those taking any other medication/substance that affects the liver, should either avoid black cohosh or check in with their health care provider prior to use.


Question: Can you get black cohosh naturally from foods?

Answer: There are no food sources for black cohosh.


Question: Will you need treatment for eye floaters?

Answer: If you only have mild floaters without a retina problem, you probably won't need treatment. If you do, your doctor might use a special laser. If floaters are severe and interfere with vision and don't go away after several months, you might need surgery to remove and replace the vitreous, though this is not common. The operation is called a vitrectomy. Floaters may also be treated with a laser. Depending on what your doctor finds and whether or not you get treatment, you may need a follow-up eye exam.


Question: What is the treatment for eye floaters?

Answer: If you only have mild floaters without a retina problem, you probably won't need treatment. If you do, your doctor might use a special laser. If floaters are severe and interfere with vision and don't go away after several months, you might need surgery to remove and replace the vitreous, though this is not common. The operation is called a vitrectomy. Floaters may also be treated with a laser.


Question: What should you expect from your doctor regarding eye floaters?

Answer: This allows the doctor to see inside your eyes, including the vitreous and retina. The vitreous is the clear gel within the eye that gives the eyeball its round shape. If changes in this part of your eye cast shadows on your retina, you may see floaters. Your doctor may also do more eye tests. For example, you may have an ultrasound exam of your eyes. If you have a retinal tear or detachment, your doctor may be able to repair it with special procedures or surgery.


Question: Will I need a follow-up exam after my initial exam for floaters?

Answer: Depending on what your doctor finds and whether or not you get treatment, you may need a follow-up eye exam.


Question: Do I need surgery if I have eye floaters?

Answer: There's a dark shadow or curtain in part of your peripheral, or side, vision. These symptoms together may mean a tear or a more serious break in your retina. If you have a retinal tear or detachment, your doctor may be able to repair it with special procedures or surgery.


Question: Do you need to call your doctor about eye floaters?

Answer: They come and go and are usually harmless, if annoying. But there are times when floaters could be a sign of a problem. See your doctor if you have: Floaters that don't go away A sudden increase in floaters Also, call your doctor right away if you have floaters and: You see flashes of light. There's a dark shadow or curtain in part of your peripheral, or side, vision. Treatment may save your sight. If you have a retinal tear or detachment, your doctor may be able to repair it with special procedures or surgery.


Question: Do I need to see my doctor if I have floaters in my eye?

Answer: See your doctor if you have: Floaters that don't go away A sudden increase in floaters Also, call your doctor right away if you have floaters and: You see flashes of light. There's a dark shadow or curtain in part of your peripheral, or side, vision. These symptoms together may mean a tear or a more serious break in your retina. You should treat a possible retinal break or detachment as an emergency. Treatment may save your sight.


Question: What is a vitrectomy?

Answer: The vitreous is the clear gel within the eye that gives the eyeball its round shape. If floaters are severe and interfere with vision and don't go away after several months, you might need surgery to remove and replace the vitreous, though this is not common.


Question: What are the early warning signs of an asthma attack?

Answer: But by recognizing these signs, you can stop an asthma attack or prevent one from getting worse. Early warning signs of an asthma attack may include: Frequent cough, especially at night Reduced peak flow meter readings Losing your breath easily or shortness of breath Feeling very tired or weak when exercising Wheezing or coughing during or after exercise (exercise-induced asthma) Feeling tired, easily upset, grouchy, or moody Decreases or changes in lung function as measured on a peak flow meter Signs of a cold or allergies (sneezing, runny nose, cough, nasal congestion, sore throat, and headache) Trouble sleeping with nighttime asthma The severity of an asthma attack can escalate rapidly, so it's important to treat these symptoms immediately once you recognize them.


Question: What happens in an asthma attack?

Answer: An asthma attack is a sudden worsening of asthma symptoms caused by the tightening of muscles around your airways (bronchospasm). During the asthma attack, the lining of the airways also becomes swollen or inflamed and thicker mucus -- more than normal -- is produced. All of these factors -- bronchospasm, inflammation, and mucus production -- cause symptoms of an asthma attack such as difficulty breathing, wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, and difficulty performing normal daily activities. Call 911 for help.


Question: How are complementary therapies used to treat autism?

Answer: One symptom common to all types of autism is an inability to easily communicate and interact with others and the environment. In general, treatments fall into four categories: Behavioral and communication therapy Medical and dietary therapy Occupational and physical therapy Complementary therapy (music or art therapy, for example) What Are Behavioral and Communication Therapies for Autism? These treatments may help increase learning and communications skills in some people with autism. Complementary therapies include music, art, or animal therapy, such as horseback riding or swimming with dolphins.


Question: What are types of autism?

Answer: One symptom common to all types of autism is an inability to easily communicate and interact with others and the environment. All of these conditions are placed within a group of conditions called Autism Spectrum Disorders. Depending on how severe symptoms are, they are classified under level 1, 2 or 3.


Question: What are the symptoms of autism?

Answer: The word "autism" comes from the Greek word "autos," which means "self." It describes conditions in which a person is removed from social interaction. One symptom common to all types of autism is an inability to easily communicate and interact with others and the environment. Others may have difficulty interpreting body language, also called non-verbal communication, or holding a conversation. Other symptoms linked to autism may include unusual behaviors in any of these areas: Interest in objects or specialized information Reactions to sensations Physical coordination These symptoms are usually seen early in development.


Question: Where did the term "autism" come from?

Answer: The word "autism" comes from the Greek word "autos," which means "self." It describes conditions in which a person is removed from social interaction. In the 1940s, researchers in the United States began to use âautismâ to describe children with emotional or social problems. Leo Kanner, a doctor from Johns Hopkins University, used it to describe the withdrawn behavior of several children he studied. At about the same time, Hans Asperger, a scientist in Germany, identified a similar condition that's now called Asperger's syndrome.


Question: How is autism treated?

Answer: One symptom common to all types of autism is an inability to easily communicate and interact with others and the environment. Treatments for autism vary depending on the needs of the individual. In general, treatments fall into four categories: Behavioral and communication therapy Medical and dietary therapy Occupational and physical therapy Complementary therapy (music or art therapy, for example) What Are Behavioral and Communication Therapies for Autism?


Question: Is sun damage to the skin always visible?

Answer: Sunburn is the most obvious sign that you've been sitting outside for too long. But sun damage isn't always visible. Under the surface, ultraviolet light can alter your DNA, prematurely aging your skin. Over time, DNA damage can contribute to skin cancers, including deadly melanoma.


Question: What wavelengths of ultraviolet light does the sun give off?

Answer: Under the skin, things get a little more complicated. The sun gives off three wavelengths of ultraviolet light: UVA UVB UVC UVC light doesn't reach the Earth's surface.


Question: Can staying hydrated provide sunburn relief?

Answer: Stay hydrated. Drink plenty of water and other fluids so that you don't become dehydrated.


Question: How common are sunburns?

Answer: More than one-third of adults and nearly 70% of children admit they've gotten sunburned within the past year, according to the CDC. Here's what you need to know about how to keep your skin safe and where to find sunburn relief if you do linger on your lounger too long.


Question: How soon does a sunburn begin?

Answer: How soon a sunburn begins depends on: Your skin type The sun's intensity How long you're exposed to the sun A blonde-haired, blue-eyed woman sunbathing in Rio de Janeiro will redden far sooner than an olive-complexioned woman sitting out on a sunny day in New York City.


Question: How can compresses provide sunburn relief?

Answer: If the burn is severe, you can develop swelling and sunburn blisters. To take the sting out of your sunburn, gently rub on a cream or gel containing ingredients such as: Menthol Camphor Aloe Refrigerating the cream first will make it feel even better on your sunburned skin. But call for a doctor's help if you notice any of these more serious sunburn signs: Fever of 102 degrees or higher Chills Severe pain Sunburn blisters that cover 20% or more of your body Dry mouth, thirst, reduced urination, dizziness, and fatigue, which are signs of dehydration Here are some tips for keeping your skin safe when you're outside: Watch the clock.


Question: What parts of my reproductive system can pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) affect?

Answer: Pelvic inflammatory disease ( PID) is an infection of the female reproductive system. It's usually caused by a sexually transmitted infection. If you have it, most likely your doctor will give you antibiotics, but sometimes a hospital stay may be needed. PID can affect different parts of your reproductive system, including the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries. If it's not treated properly, you can end up with repeated infections, or it may make it hard for you to have a baby.


Question: How can antibiotics help treat pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)?

Answer: Several different types of antibiotics have been found to work against the illness, and you may be given several types to take together. You'll most likely be taking antibiotics for 2 weeks. You should always follow the directions and take all of them, even if you feel better. Your symptoms should improve within 3 days. If they don't, you should go back to your doctor, because you may need to try something else.


Question: Should I tell my sexual partner about your pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)?

Answer: You should tell anyone you've had sex with in the past 60 days about your illness. If it's been longer than 60 days since you've had sex, tell your most recent partner, who should also get treated. You should not have sex while you're undergoing treatment for PID, and neither should your partner.


Question: Why might I need to stay in the hospital for my PID?

Answer: If they don't, you should go back to your doctor, because you may need to try something else. There may be several reasons for this: You've been taking antibiotics and your symptoms aren't improving. If you're not able to keep pills down, for instance, your doctor will want you to get antibiotics directly into your body with intravenous fluids. You've developed what's called a âtubo-ovarian abscess.â This happens when part of an ovary or fallopian tube fills with infected fluid that needs to be drained. IV antibiotics are usually given first to see if they'll clear up the infection.


Question: When should you visit a sleep lab about sleep apnea?

Answer: If you think you have sleep apnea, ask your doctor for a referral to a sleep lab, where they can check to see if you need have this condition and need treatment such as a CPAP (continuous positive airway pressure) machine to help you breathe steadily while you sleep. If you're overweight, losing extra pounds may help, too.


Question: What is obstructive sleep apnea?

Answer: You are more likely to snore if you're overweight and if you: Drink alcohol Smoke Take medications such as sleeping pills, cold medicines, or antihistamines Sleep on your back Sleep on a pillow that's too soft or too large Have enlarged tonsils, chronic nasal congestion, or deviated nasal septum Obstructive sleep apnea is a serious condition that's linked to snoring. If you have sleep apnea, you briefly stop breathing during sleep several times a night. Sleep apnea can make you tired, give you headaches, and is linked to other serious conditions including high blood pressure, heart disease, diabetes, and stroke.


Question: When are you more likely to snore?

Answer: You are more likely to snore if you're overweight and if you: Drink alcohol Smoke Take medications such as sleeping pills, cold medicines, or antihistamines Sleep on your back Sleep on a pillow that's too soft or too large Have enlarged tonsils, chronic nasal congestion, or deviated nasal septum Obstructive sleep apnea is a serious condition that's linked to snoring.


Question: What are home remedies to get rid of hiccups?

Answer: There are a few home remedies you can try, although there's not very much proof that any of them really work. Hold your breath and swallow three times Breathe into a paper bag Drink a glass of water quickly Swallow a teaspoon of sugar Pull on your tongue Gargle with water If your hiccups last more than 2 days or are severe enough to interfere with eating, breathing, or sleeping, contact your doctor.


Question: How long do hiccups last?

Answer: Most hiccups will go away on their own. But in some cases they can last for a while. And if you test one of those old wives' tales about stopping hiccups â say, getting someone to scare you â you're probably going to be disappointed.


Question: When should you see your doctor about hiccups?

Answer: Hold your breath and swallow three times Breathe into a paper bag Drink a glass of water quickly Swallow a teaspoon of sugar Pull on your tongue Gargle with water If your hiccups last more than 2 days or are severe enough to interfere with eating, breathing, or sleeping, contact your doctor. She might be able to treat chronic hiccups with medication or run some tests to see why your hiccups aren't going away. Talk to your doctor immediately if, along with hiccups, you have any kind of stomach pain, fever, shortness of breath, or vomiting, or if you cough up blood.


Question: What do adult lice look like?

Answer: Adult lice are about 2 to 3 millimeters long, about the size of a sesame seed. They're tan or grayish-white. The color can be lighter or darker, depending on the shade of your hair. Adult lice have six legs with claws at the end that allow them to latch tightly to your hair. Typically, adult head lice live 30 days when stuck to your head. If they fall off, they die within 1 to 2 days.


Question: What type of lice is a nymph?

Answer: It's what hatches from the nit. It feeds on the blood on your scalp and keeps growing for 9 to 12 days. Nymphs (and adult lice) move quickly and avoid light.


Question: What are head lice?

Answer: These pests are a type of insect called a parasite. They need human blood to live. Head lice usually stay close to the scalp and behind the ears. You might also spot them on the eyebrows and eyelashes.


Question: How do kids get head lice?

Answer: These pesky creatures don't fly or jump -- they crawl over to the closest head they can find. This is called head-to-head contact, and most people get lice this way. But they also can spread onto hats, helmets, combs, bedding, pillows â even ear buds.


Question: What do I need to know about lice?

Answer: When these tiny mites infect the scalp and skin, they trigger intense itching and may even create a rash around the hairline. There are different types of lice. The type you have depends on the part of your body that's affected: Head lice affect the scalp. Pubic lice (also called âcrabsâ) affect your genital area. Body lice affect other areas of the body and are often found in seams of clothing.


Question: What should you do if you spot lice?

Answer: You can get lice even if you shower regularly and have super-clean hair. The CDC says lice aren't a medical hazard, and most health departments don't require that you report it. But local school boards make their own school lice policies. Check with your child's school to find out its policy.


Question: What are nits or lice eggs?

Answer: They're very tiny -- about half the size of a pinhead. They're hard to see. The oval-shaped eggs often look yellow or white but may be the same color as your hair. They stick like glue to the end? When they do, they leave behind clear shells, which remain stuck to the hair shaft and appear more grey in color. Typically, adult head lice live 30 days when stuck to your head.


Question: When can you get a cold?

Answer: That can change how you treat your symptoms.. You can get a cold anytime -- spring, summer, or fall, but most likely in winter.


Question: How often should I drink water if I have multiple sclerosis and have the urge to urinate?

Answer: Drink a small glass of water (about 6 to 8 ounces) all at once every few hours during the day. That's better than sipping drinks constantly, which might make you want to pee more often. You'll know when you get enough to drink because your urine will turn light yellow.


Question: Should I sip drinks throughout the day to stop going to the bathroom if I have multiple sclerosis?

Answer: Don't sip. Drink a small glass of water (about 6 to 8 ounces) all at once every few hours during the day. That's better than sipping drinks constantly, which might make you want to pee more often. You'll know when you get enough to drink because your urine will turn light yellow.


Question: Can I still drink caffeine and alcohol if I have multiple sclerosis and have the urge to urinate?

Answer: Caffeine and alcohol can irritate your bladder and increase the urge to go. Alcohol also affects the way your kidneys absorb water, and it can make your bladder fill up more quickly than usual.


Question: Should I limit caffeine and alcohol to stop going to the bathroom if I have multiple sclerosis?

Answer: Caffeine and alcohol can irritate your bladder and increase the urge to go. Alcohol also affects the way your kidneys absorb water, and it can make your bladder fill up more quickly than usual.


Question: How should I train my bladder if I have multiple sclerosis?

Answer: Drink a small glass of water (about 6 to 8 ounces) all at once every few hours during the day. Alcohol also affects the way your kidneys absorb water, and it can make your bladder fill up more quickly than usual. Do them wherever and whenever you like. If you feel the urge to pee before the full 2 hours are up, try to hold it in for just 5 minutes more by tightening your pelvic floor muscles. Over time, you should be able to have longer and longer periods of time between bathroom visits.


Question: Can I smoke if I have multiple sclerosis and have the urge to go to the bathroom?

Answer: Don't sip. If you smoke, ask your doctor for advice on nicotine replacement products, medicines, and other methods to help you quit.


Question: Should I smoke to stop going to the bathroom if I have multiple sclerosis?

Answer: Don't sip. If you smoke, ask your doctor for advice on nicotine replacement products, medicines, and other methods to help you quit.


Question: Does colorblindness cause other health problems?

Answer: The kind that's present at birth doesn't. Most people who are colorblind lead normal and complete lives. The condition might keep you from a job -- like a pilot -- that requires a certain level of color vision.


Question: What causes colorblindness?

Answer: If you don't have any pigments in your cones, you won't see color at all. Usually, genes inherited from your parents cause faulty photopigments -- molecules that detect color in the cone-shaped cells, or âcones,â in your retina. It affects 1% of males and is rare in females.


Question: Are there different types of colorblindness?

Answer: If you don't have any pigments in your cones, you won't see color at all. This is known as achromatopsia. There are several types: Deuteranomaly: It's the most common form of color blindness and affects 5% of males, but is rare in females. Yellow and green look redder, and it's hard to tell blue from violet. It's the second most common type, and it affects males and females equally. Blue looks green, and yellow looks light gray or violet. There are two types: Cone monochromacy: It happens when 2 of your 3 cone cell photopigments -- red, green, or blue -- don't work.


Question: How do we see color?

Answer: It's a bit like the way we hear sounds as being low or high. This is called pitch, and it corresponds to the frequency of the sound, or how many times it vibrates in a given time period. The keys on the left side of a piano keyboard make low-frequency sounds. The frequency rises as you go to the right. There's a similar order to the colors we see. The colors of every rainbow always appear in the same order: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet. The different colors in each part of the rainbow correspond to a different wavelength of light. Reddish colors have a long wavelength. Bluish colors have a shorter one. Just as there are many notes on the piano, many wavelengths of light match the different colors. Usually, genes inherited from your parents cause faulty photopigments -- molecules that detect color in the cone-shaped cells, or âcones,â in your retina.


Question: How is acquired autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) diagnosed?

Answer: He'll most likely discuss your past medical history, medications you take, and talk about your symptoms. He'll also request a blood test called a complete blood count, or CBC, to look for signs of anemia. This test measures: The number of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets The size of your red blood cells The protein in your red blood cells that carries oxygen (hemoglobin) How much space red blood cells take up in your blood (hematocrit) A low red blood cell count and low hemoglobin and hematocrit levels are signs of anemia.


Question: When should you see a doctor about acquired autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA)?

Answer: Some of these are: Cancers, including chronic lymphocytic leukemia and non- Hodgkin's lymphoma Infections like Mycoplasma pneumoniae Medicines such as penicillin, methyldopa ( Aldomet), quinine ( Qualaquin), and sulfonamides Viruses such as Epstein- Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, HIV, and hepatitis People with acquired autoimmune hemolytic anemia have symptoms that include: Chills Fast heartbeat, known as tachycardia Pale skin that may start to yellow Shortness of breath Weakness and fatigue Chest pain Yellow skin or whites of the eyes (jaundice) Dark urine A feeling of abdominal fullness related to an enlarged spleen If you think you could have any type of anemia, you should talk to your primary doctor. He may refer you to a hematologist, a doctor who specializes in blood diseases. He'll most likely discuss your past medical history, medications you take, and talk about your symptoms.


Question: How is acquired autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) treated?

Answer: If you have a disease like lupus that's causing your anemia, your doctor will treat it first. If a medication is the cause, you'll likely have to stop taking that medicine. If your AIHA is mild, you may not need any treatment at all. Doctors usually first prescribe steroids, such as hydrocortisone or prednisone, to stop your immune system from attacking your red blood cells. Then surgery to remove the spleen and a medicine called rituximab may be ordered. And other medicines such as azathioprine ( Imuran) and cyclophosphamide ( Cytoxan) can be used to suppress the immune system. Blood transfusions may also be needed in some cases.


Question: What is luteal phase defect?

Answer: It's a condition that disrupts your menstrual cycle, though there's debate about whether it's a direct cause of infertility and there is no way to really test to see if it is. It occurs after ovulation (when your ovaries release an egg) and before your period starts. During this time, the lining of your uterus normally gets thicker to prepare for a possible pregnancy. If you have a luteal phase defect, that lining doesn't grow properly each month. This can make it difficult to become or remain pregnant.


Question: How is snapping hip syndrome treated?

Answer: Unless snapping hip syndrome is painful or causes difficulty in sports or other activities, many people do not see a doctor or have it treated.


Question: What is the treatment for severe pain from snapping hip syndrome?

Answer: For minor snapping syndrome pain, try home treatments such as: Reducing or modifying activity Applying ice Using over-the-counter pain relievers For more severe pain or pain that does not improve with home treatment, see your doctor.


Question: What therapy can help treat snapping hip syndrome?

Answer: Physical therapy with emphasis on stretching, strengthening, and alignment can often help. Sometimes, treatment with a corticosteroid injection to the area can relieve inflammation. In rare cases, doctors may recommend surgery.


Question: How is a piriformis stretch done to help treat snapping hip syndrome?

Answer: With your other hand, take hold of the ankle of the painful leg and, keeping your knees together, pull your ankle up toward your buttocks. Hold for 30 to 60 seconds and release. Repeat three times. Lying on your back with both knees bent, place the foot of your uninjured leg flat on the floor and rest the ankle of your painful leg over the knee of your uninjured leg.


Question: What is snapping hip syndrome?

Answer: For most people, the condition is little more than an annoyance and the only symptom is the snapping sound or sensation itself. But for dancers or athletes, snapping hip syndrome symptoms may also include pain and weakness that interfere with performance. Recommended exercises to treat snapping hip syndrome will vary depending on the type of snapping hip syndrome you have.


Question: What should I do if my child has a fever?

Answer: Call your pediatrician if your child is less than 8 weeks old and is running a temperature of at least 100.4 F. Give her plenty of clear fluids. The condition draws water from her body. If she doesn't feel like drinking, give her small sips every 10 to 15 minutes. Use acetaminophen or ibuprofen (if child is at least 6 months old), if she feels so bad she can't sleep or eat. Both lower a fever and ease pain. Never give aspirin. It can lead to Reye's syndrome, a serious problem. Call your pediatrician if a fever lasts more than 24 or 48 hours -- or if your child also has a headache, vomiting, or a rash. Also call if she hasn't had all the recommended vaccines or has other health problems that make infections more likely or more risky. Try to stay calm -- a fever is how the body fights off an infection.


Question: What side effects of rosehip?

Answer: Reported side effects have included: Diarrhea Fatigue Headache Heartburn Nausea and vomiting Stomach cramps Trouble sleeping Rosehip supplements may raise your risk of certain types of kidney stones. And high doses may lead to dangerous blood clots, called deep vein thrombosis. Use caution when using this supplement if you are pregnant or breastfeeding. There are no studies to determine if such use is safe.


Question: How much rosehip should you take?

Answer: Usually, you place 2 to 2.5 grams of rosehip powder in 150 milliliters of boiling water, and drink it as a tea. However, some studies have mixed the powder into apple juice. Rosehip also comes in a capsule form.


Question: How safe are rosehips?

Answer: You should also ask your doctor if rosehip supplements are safe for you if you take: Prolixin (fluphenazine, an antipsychotic drug) Aspirin or other salicylates Estrogens Lithium Always tell your doctor about any supplements you are taking, including natural ones and those bought without a prescription.


Question: How can rosehip help treat osteoarthritis?

Answer: Rosehip is part of the fruit that grows on the blossom of a wild rose called Rosa canina. A review of studies shows that people who took the supplement had less pain after three months compared to a placebo (dummy pill). A few studies show that rosehip may also help people with long-term back pain and rheumatoid arthritis ( RA).


Question: What is rosehip?

Answer: Rosehip is part of the fruit that grows on the blossom of a wild rose called Rosa canina. Rosehips are packed full of vitamin C, E and B, and other antioxidants and minerals. They also contain a substance that fights inflammation. Rosehip comes from a certain wild rose.


Question: How are mental health problems related to hepatitis C treated?

Answer: Some doctors prescribe them before you take interferon so you can prevent or limit these symptoms. You can also get help from talking with a psychiatrist or mental health counselor. Your doctor can recommend one. Some therapists specialize in treating people like you who are trying to manage a long-term disease.


Question: What are symptoms of mental health problems related to hepatitis C?

Answer: You may feel: Depressed Irritable Confused Emotionally unstable Unable to concentrate But there are steps you can take to treat these problems.


Question: Are mental health problems normal with hepatitis C?

Answer: Mental health problems like depression and anxiety are more common among people with hep C. Sometimes, how you feel may be a side effect of the medicine you're taking.


Question: What should you do if you have mental health problems related to hepatitis C?

Answer: Friends and family can be a big help in giving you the emotional backing you need while you manage the disease. Along with your doctor, support group, and mental health specialist, they can help you stay positive and meet any challenges you face.


Question: Where can you get support for hepatitis C?

Answer: Ask your doctor how to find one in your area. Take care in finding a group that's right for you. If you find the conversation tends to break down into trading scary stories, it might not be a place that's going to give you the support you need. Feel free to switch to one that's got a more positive vibe. Some therapists specialize in treating people like you who are trying to manage a long-term disease. You're going to be living with hep C for some time, so don't hesitate to reach out to family and friends while you adjust to your situation. Along with your doctor, support group, and mental health specialist, they can help you stay positive and meet any challenges you face.


Question: How can diabetes affect your nerves?

Answer: Over time, high blood sugar levels can harm your nerves. As many as 70% of people with diabetes get this type of damage. Peripheral diabetic neuropathy can cause pain and burning or a loss of feeling in your feet. It usually starts with your toes. It can also affect your hands and other body parts. Autonomic neuropathy stems from damage to the nerves that control your internal organs. Symptoms include sexual problems, digestive issues (a condition called gastroparesis), trouble sensing when your bladder is full, dizziness and fainting, or not knowing when your blood sugar is low.


Question: How can diabetes affect teeth and gums?

Answer: Having diabetes puts you at higher risk for gum disease. Symptoms: Your gums might be red and swollen and bleed easily. The good news: If you keep your blood sugar under control, visit your dentist regularly, and take good care of your teeth each day by brushing, flossing and rinsing with an antiseptic mouthwash, you can avoid gum problems and tooth loss.


Question: How can diabetes affect your eyes?

Answer: Diabetes is the leading cause of new vision loss among adults ages 20 to 74 in the U. S. It can lead to eye problems, some of which can cause blindness if not treated: Glaucoma Cataracts Diabetic retinopathy, which involves the small blood vessels in your eyes Symptoms: Vision problems or sudden vision loss.


Question: How are complications of diabetes treated?

Answer: Treatment of complications focuses on slowing down the damage. That may include medication, surgery, or other options. But the most important ways to slow diabetes complications are to keep your blood sugar levels under control, eat right, exercise, lose weight, avoid smoking, and get high blood pressure and high cholesterol treated.


Question: What are symptoms of kidney disease due to diabetes?

Answer: Symptoms: You usually don't notice any symptoms with early diabetes-related kidney disease. In later stages it can make your legs and feet swell. The good news: Drugs that lower blood pressure (even if you don't have high blood pressure) can cut your risk of kidney failure by 33%.


Question: What are the symptoms of eye problems caused by diabetes?

Answer: Diabetes is the leading cause of new vision loss among adults ages 20 to 74 in the U. S. It can lead to eye problems, some of which can cause blindness if not treated: Glaucoma Cataracts Diabetic retinopathy, which involves the small blood vessels in your eyes Symptoms: Vision problems or sudden vision loss.


Question: How can diabetes affect your kidneys?

Answer: Diabetes is the leading cause of new vision loss among adults ages 20 to 74 in the U. S. It can lead to eye problems, some of which can cause blindness if not treated: Glaucoma Cataracts Diabetic retinopathy, which involves the small blood vessels in your eyes Symptoms: Vision problems or sudden vision loss.


Question: What are the symptoms of heart and blood vessel problems caused by diabetes?

Answer: Symptoms: You might not notice warning signs until you have a heart attack or stroke. Problems with large blood vessels in your legs can cause leg cramps, changes in skin color, and less sensation.


Question: How can diabetes affect the eyes?

Answer: Diabetes is the leading cause of new vision loss among adults ages 20 to 74 in the U. S. It can lead to eye problems, some of which can cause blindness if not treated: Glaucoma Cataracts Diabetic retinopathy, which involves the small blood vessels in your eyes Symptoms: Vision problems or sudden vision loss.


Question: What can you do to prevent kidney problems caused by diabetes?

Answer: The good news: Drugs that lower blood pressure (even if you don't have high blood pressure) can cut your risk of kidney failure by 33%.


Question: What can my doctor do to help with nerve issues because of diabetes?

Answer: He could also give you drugs that go on your skin, like creams or patches. He might suggest you use a device that stimulates your nerves called TENS (transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation).


Question: What are the symptoms of kidney problems caused by diabetes?

Answer: Symptoms: You usually don't notice any symptoms with early diabetes-related kidney disease. In later stages it can make your legs and feet swell.


Question: How can diabetes affect your teeth?

Answer: Having diabetes puts you at higher risk for gum disease.


Question: What can you do to avoid heart and blood vessel problems caused by diabetes?

Answer: The good news: Many studies show that controlling your diabetes can help you avoid these problems, or stop them from getting worse if you have them.


Question: What can you do to prevent teeth problems caused by diabetes?

Answer: The good news: If you keep your blood sugar under control, visit your dentist regularly, and take good care of your teeth each day by brushing, flossing and rinsing with an antiseptic mouthwash, you can avoid gum problems and tooth loss.


Question: What can you do to avoid complications from diabetes?

Answer: If you don't make the effort to get a handle on it, you could set yourself up for a host of complications. The good news: Many studies show that controlling your diabetes can help you avoid these problems, or stop them from getting worse if you have them. That may include medication, surgery, or other options. But the most important ways to slow diabetes complications are to keep your blood sugar levels under control, eat right, exercise, lose weight, avoid smoking, and get high blood pressure and high cholesterol treated.


Question: What parts of the body can diabetes affect if it is not managed?

Answer: Diabetes can take a toll on nearly every organ in your body, including your: Heart and blood vessels Eyes Kidneys Nerves Gastrointestinal tract Gums and teeth Heart disease and blood vessel disease are common problems for many people who don't have their diabetes under control. The good news: Studies show that regular eye exams and timely treatment of these kinds of problems could prevent up to 90% of diabetes-related blindness. But the most important ways to slow diabetes complications are to keep your blood sugar levels under control, eat right, exercise, lose weight, avoid smoking, and get high blood pressure and high cholesterol treated.


Question: How are the organisms that cause sexually transmitted disease (STDs) spread?

Answer: Most of the organisms are spread by vaginal, anal, or oral sex, but some, such as those that cause genital herpes and genital warts, may be spread through skin contact. You can get hepatitis B by sharing personal items, such as toothbrushes or razors, with someone who has it.


Question: What signs and symptoms of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)?

Answer: You may not realize you have certain STDs until you have damage to your reproductive organs (rendering you infertile), your vision, your heart, or other organs. Having an STD may weaken the immune system, leaving you more vulnerable to other infections. Pelvic inflammatory disease ( PID) is a complication of gonorrhea and chlamydia that can leave women unable to have children. It can even kill you. If you pass an STD to your newborn child, the baby may suffer permanent harm or death.


Question: Who is at high risk of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)?

Answer: You are at high risk if: You have more than one sex partner You have sex with someone who has had many partners You don't use a condom when having sex You share needles when injecting intravenous drugs You trade sex for money or drugs HIV and herpes are chronic conditions that can be managed but not cured.


Question: How are sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) contracted?

Answer: You can get a STD from vaginal, anal, or oral sex. You can also be infected with trichomoniasis through contact with damp or moist objects such as towels, wet clothing, or toilet seats, although it is more commonly spread by sexual contact.


Question: What are sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)?

Answer: HIV, chlamydia, genital herpes, genital warts, gonorrhea, some forms of hepatitis, syphilis, and trichomoniasis are STDs. STDs used to be called venereal diseases or VD. They are among the most common contagious diseases.


Question: Do sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) require treatment?

Answer: STDs are serious illnesses that require treatment. Some STDs, such as HIV, cannot be cured and can be deadly. By learning more about STDs, you can learn ways to protect yourself.


Question: Where do the germs that cause sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) come from?

Answer: The germs that cause STDs hide in semen, blood, vaginal secretions, and sometimes saliva.


Question: What kind of infection causes sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)?

Answer: STDs include just about every kind of infection. Bacterial STDs include chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis. Viral STDs include HIV, genital herpes, genital warts ( HPV), and hepatitis B. Trichomoniasis is caused by a parasite.


Question: What sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are chronic?

Answer: STDs are sexually transmitted diseases. Hepatitis B also may become chronic but can be managed.


Question: How common are sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)?

Answer: STDs are sexually transmitted diseases. They are among the most common contagious diseases. More than 65 million Americans have an incurable STD. Each year, 20 million new cases are reported; half of these infections are among people ages 15 to 24 and they can have long-term consequences.


Question: How can I lower my risk of type 2 diabetes if I have gestational diabetes?

Answer: To lower your risk: Try to keep your weight in a healthy range. Not sure what that is? Ask your doctor. Eat a good diet that includes lots of vegetables, whole grains, fruits, and lean protein. Make exercise a habit.


Question: How can lupus cause color changes in fingers and toes?

Answer: Blood vessels in your fingers and toes can tighten and slow the flow of blood there. The tips of your fingers or toes may turn red, white, or blue in cold weather or a cold room. They may also tingle, hurt, or go numb. This problem is known as Raynaud's phenomenon. It helps to keep your toes and fingers warm by wearing mittens and thick socks.


Question: How can you treat skin conditions caused by lupus?

Answer: Your doctor will likely prescribe a topical medication, such as a steroid cream or gel, to clear up the problems. Sometimes steroid shots are used. You can also help prevent skin reactions, too. The best way is to use sunscreen to protect yourself from the sun's ultraviolet ( UV) rays, and cover up!


Question: How can lupus cause bluish, lacy pattern under the skin?

Answer: This is known as livedo reticularis. It's likely to appear on your legs, where it can give a "fishnet" look. Like Raynaud's, it tends to be worse in cold weather.


Question: How can lupus cause butterfly rash?

Answer: Be on the lookout for some of these rashes that can be caused by skin lupus: Butterfly rash: Called a "malar" rash, this may spread over your nose and cheeks in the shape of a butterfly. The butterfly rash can be just a faint blush or a very severe, scaly rash.