Question: How does stress management combat cancer-related fatigue?

Answer: Stress. The following are some suggestions to manage stress: Adjust your expectations. For example, if you have a list of ten things you want to accomplish today, pare it down to two and leave the rest for other days. A sense of accomplishment goes a long way to reducing stress. Help others understand and support you. Family and friends can be helpful if they can "put themselves in your shoes" and understand what fatigue means to you. Cancer support groups can be a source of support as well. Other people with cancer understand what you are going through. Relaxation techniques, such as audiotapes that teach deep breathing or visualization, can help reduce stress. Activities that divert your attention away from fatigue can also be helpful. For example, activities such as knitting, reading, or listening to music require little physical energy but require attention. If your stress seems out of control, talk to a health care professional. They are here to help.


Question: How does tiredness affect cancer patients?

Answer: Usually, you know why you are tired and a good night's sleep solves the problem. More than one cancer treatment at the same time or one after the other increases the chances of developing fatigue.


Question: How does biologic therapy cause cancer-related fatigue?

Answer: These cytokines carry messages that regulate other elements of the immune and endocrine systems. In high amounts, these cytokines can be toxic and lead to persistent fatigue. Hemoglobin is a substance in the red blood cells that enables the blood to transport oxygen through the body.


Question: What can someone do to combat their fatigue?

Answer: The exact reason is unknown. Hypothyroidism. The best way to combat fatigue is to treat the underlying medical cause. The following are tips you can use to combat fatigue. Other times, there may be medical interventions to assist in controlling some of the causes of fatigue.


Question: How does identifying your environment combat cancer-related fatigue?

Answer: Eliminate smoke or harmful fumes. Avoid long, hot showers or baths. Finally, there may be suggestions that are more specific to your situation that would help in combating your fatigue.


Question: How does drinking plenty of fluids combat cancer-related fatigue?

Answer: person needs 75 to 90 grams of protein per day; active people need 1-1.5 grams of protein per pound of body weight. The best sources of protein include foods from the dairy group (8 oz. Of course, water is fine, too. Beverages containing caffeine do NOT count. Keep in mind that you'll need more fluids if you have treatment side effects such as vomiting or diarrhea. In warm climates, 96 ounces of fluids should be the minimum daily intake. A dietitian can also suggest ways to maximize calories and include proteins in smaller amounts of food (such as powdered milk, instant breakfast drinks, other commercial supplements, or food additives).


Question: How can I stop the bleeding from a puncture wound?

Answer: Apply firm, direct pressure with sterile gauze or clean cloth until bleeding stops.


Question: When should you call or see a doctor about a puncture wound right away?

Answer: The object that caused the puncture wound cannot be easily removed The puncture wound is deep, on the face, or touching bone The wound is visibly dirty The wound is an animal or human bite The wound occurred through the bottom of a shoe -- stepping on a nail, for example If the object that caused the puncture is small and you can easily remove it, do so.


Question: How can I clean and protect a puncture wound, and whatâs the follow-up for treatment?

Answer: The object that caused the puncture wound cannot be easily removed The puncture wound is deep, on the face, or touching bone The wound is visibly dirty The wound is an animal or human bite The wound occurred through the bottom of a shoe -- stepping on a nail, for example If the object that caused the puncture is small and you can easily remove it, do so. Rinse the wound under clean water for several minutes. Then wash the area with mild soap and water and rinse again. Apply an antibiotic cream. See a healthcare provider for any signs of infection: redness, increasing pain, swelling, or pus at the site. Ask the health care provider if a tetanus shot is needed.


Question: What tips can I tell a young child to follow at school to avoid getting sick?

Answer: Also follow these tips: Tell your child not to share cups, glasses, and forks and spoons. Keep him at home when he's sick. Make sure he gets enough sleep, eats a healthy diet, and gets plenty of time to play outdoors. Replace his toothbrush and make sure he doesn't borrow one from his brother or sister.


Question: What advice should I give a student in dorms for preventing sickness?

Answer: Tell your student to follow some of the same advice he needed back when he was in preschool: Wash hands often, eat healthy foods, and get as much sleep as possible.


Question: What can older adults do to prevent catching colds?

Answer: As you get older, especially from age 65 and on, you're at more risk for getting colds, and they may stick around longer, too. To stay healthy, eat right, get plenty of exercise, drink lots of water, and get enough rest. Wash your hands thoroughly several times a day, and especially before eating and after you go to the bathroom. Also, never share a toothbrush, and make sure you replace your toothbrush regularly.


Question: Are colds and sicknesses common in young kids?

Answer: Most you kids get five to seven -- or more -- colds each year. And that's not all. Ear infections are common, especially for kids with brothers and sisters or who spend time with their friends in day care. For this age group, there's no big mystery about how colds spread. If your kid touches his runny nose and then puts his hands on a toy, those cold germs are still around when another child picks it up.


Question: Will breastfeeding prevent my child from getting sick?

Answer: To help your newborn from getting sick, breastfeed him if possible. It gives him antibodies that fight germs. If you bottle-feed, sterilize the bottles and nipples between feedings. To do this, boil them or put them in the dishwasher.


Question: When is a newborn most at risk for sickness?

Answer: Your little one is at higher risk for colds and other infections for the first 4 to 6 weeks. That's because his immune system -- the body's defense against germs -- isn't working at full speed yet.


Question: How should I teach my children to wash their hands?

Answer: Colds can spread easily in day care, so you'll want to take some extra steps to keep your child healthy. Teach him to wash his hands the right way. Make sure he gets them wet with water and plain soap and rubs for 20 to 30 seconds. An easy way for him to get the timing right -- sing " Happy Birthday" twice while he washes. Remind him to wash up before eating and after going to the bathroom.


Question: What can I do to prevent my newborn from catching a virus from someone?

Answer: Keep your little one away from anyone who's sick. If possible, avoid crowds and public transportation when you go out with your baby.


Question: How can I prevent colds if I have a weakened immune system?

Answer: Your little one is at higher risk for colds and other infections for the first 4 to 6 weeks. That's the case if you have AIDS, get chemotherapy, or just had an organ transplant. Make sure everyone in your family is up to date with their vaccines. Your visitors may need to wear gloves and masks so they don't spread their germs to you. And like anyone who wants to keep germs at bay, try to have a nutritious diet and get enough rest.


Question: What is a cystectomy and how can it treat bladder cancer?

Answer: If cancer has spread to the muscle layer of your bladder and is still small, your doctor may be able to perform a partial cystectomy. But most people who have cancer that has grown into the muscle of the bladder will need a more extensive surgery instead. If the cancer is large or has spread to more than one part of your bladder, your doctor will likely remove the entire organ and the nearby lymph nodes. This is a radical cystectomy.


Question: What is bladder cancer treatment like?

Answer: For both of these procedures, you'll be given medication so that you won't be awake. You may have to stay in the hospital for up to a week afterward. Usually, you can go back to your normal routine in a few weeks.


Question: What is intravesical therapy to treat bladder cancer?

Answer: This treatment is also used for early-stage cancers. Your doctor uses a catheter to inject a liquid medication right into your bladder. He'll choose between two different types of medications -- immunotherapy or chemotherapy (âchemoâ). Immunotherapy. In this method, your body's own immune system attacks the cancer cells. Your doctor will inject a germ called Bacillus Calmette- Guerin ( BCG) into your bladder through a catheter. This germ is related to the one that causes tuberculosis. This draws your body's immune cells to your bladder. There, they're activated by the BCG and begin to fight the cancer cells. Your doctor may start this treatment a few weeks after you have a TURBT. Intravesical chemotherapy (âchemoâ). If your doctor and you decide on this treatment, he'll inject cancer-fighting medications into your bladder through a catheter. The chemo works to kill the harmful cells. Systemic chemo. Your doctor will give you chemo through an IV. That means the medication travels through your bloodstream to other parts of your body. It can kill cancer cells that may have spread beyond your bladder.


Question: What is radiation therapy to help treat bladder cancer?

Answer: This treatment involves using high-energy radiation to kill cancer cells. It's a lot like getting an X-ray -- only much stronger. It doesn't hurt. You might need to get radiation 5 days a week for several weeks. Your doctor may recommend it for one of the following reasons: You have early-stage bladder cancer You have early-stage cancer but can't have surgery As a follow-up to TURBT or partial bladder removal surgery To prevent or treat symptoms of advanced bladder cancer


Question: How can surgery help treat bladder cancer?

Answer: This procedure is done in a hospital, but you should be able to go home the same day or the next. Your doctor will put an instrument called a resectoscope into your bladder through your urethra. That's the tube that urine flows through when you go to the bathroom. The resectoscope has a wire loop at the end. Your doctor will use it to remove abnormal tissues or tumors. If you still have cancer after the tumor is removed, your doctor can destroy it using a laser and another tool called a cystoscope. Your doctor may recommend it for one of the following reasons: You have early-stage bladder cancer You have early-stage cancer but can't have surgery As a follow-up to TURBT or partial bladder removal surgery To prevent or treat symptoms of advanced bladder cancer


Question: How does tea tree oil treat foot fungus?

Answer: Tea Tree Oil This oil comes from a tree in Australia. It's a popular treatment for many conditions, including foot fungus. Research shows it works as well as clotrimazole, which is found in many OTC treatments.


Question: How does undecylenic acid treat foot fungus?

Answer: Although these may not be as effective as medicines your doctor can prescribe, they might be worth a try: Undecylenic Acid This fungus fighter is the main ingredient in many over-the-counter ( OTC) products. You can buy it at your local drugstore as a liquid or a polish you paint onto your nails. It eases the raw, irritated skin that can come with a fungus.


Question: How does baking soda treat foot fungus?

Answer: Baking Soda In the lab, plain old sodium bicarbonate limited growth of the most common types of fungi that cause skin and nail infections. You probably have a box in your pantry already.


Question: How does ozonized sunflower oil treat foot fungus?

Answer: Ozonized Sunflower Oil Who knew sunflower oil can also fight germs? One study found that this natural remedy worked against yeasts that cause foot fungus. There's more work to do, but so far, researchers don't see any side effects.


Question: How does eucalyptus oil treat foot fungus?

Answer: Eucalyptus Oil People love this popular plant because of its fresh scent. But it does more than smell good. It also works on toenail fungus. Scientists say it may work just as well as treatments you get from your doctor.


Question: How does clotrimazole treat foot fungus?

Answer: Clotrimazole You'll find this in many OTC yeast infection creams. But it's also used to treat toenail fungus. Scientists in the U. K. found it worked for most of the patients who used it in a 12-week trial. You can buy it as a cream or lotion.


Question: How do home tests for a urinary tract infection (UTI) work?

Answer: You can buy over-the-counter UTI dipstick tests at your local drugstore or online. They work much like a pregnancy test: Each kit comes with a testing strip (usually three to a kit). You wet a test strip by holding it in your urine stream for a few seconds. Or, you can collect urine in a clean cup and dip the strip into the sample. Wait 1 to 2 minutes for the color of the test strip to change. This will vary depending on the brand you use. Check the chart on the home test kit to find out if you've tested positive for a UTI. Home test kits might be useful if you have UTIs that keep coming back. They check for white blood cells and bacteria in the urine. But the results can be affected by a number of things, like medications you're taking. And studies show that urine cultures are far more reliable for showing whether you have a UTI. The bottom line: See your doctor to be sure, no matter what your UTI home test reveals.


Question: What should you know about a urinary tract infection (UTI)?

Answer: UTIs are most often caused by bacteria, but they can also be brought on by fungi, or viruses. Normally, your body gets rid of these germs before they cause a problem. But if the germs win, you can get a painful UTI. If you've ever had one, you know the telltale signs: an intense urge to pee, having to pee more often, peeing very little when you go, and a burning sensation during urination. If you think you have a UTI, see your doctor. He'll find out whether your symptoms are caused by that or another infection. He'll also be able to prescribe antibiotics to treat it. Can't wait to find out if you have a UTI? A home test can help you find out faster.


Question: What if I never want to cook during chemotherapy?

Answer: Plan ahead and keep your pantry stocked with easy-to-prepare foods. On days you feel well enough to cook, make extra portions and freeze them for later. Ask friends and family to help you shop and prepare meals, or consider getting your meals delivered.


Question: How can I make myself eat more during meals during chemotherapy?

Answer: Make mealtimes an event. You tend to eat more when you're distracted. Eat while you watch TV or listen to music. Or invite a friend over to keep you company during meals.


Question: Is it bad to eat unhealthy foods during chemotherapy?

Answer: Eat your favorite foods. Your appetite, and the foods that appeal to you, can change from day to day. It's OK to eat high-fat, high-calorie foods you normally try to stay away from, or to eat, say, breakfast foods for dinner. For now, eat what sounds good, when it sounds good.


Question: What if I never want to eat big meals during chemotherapy?

Answer: Try small meals. Many people who get chemo find they have more of an appetite when they eat every few hours. Try having six to eight small meals a day rather than three big ones.


Question: What if drinking water for chemotherapy is making me less hungry?

Answer: Sip liquids throughout the day. Staying hydrated helps your body get rid of toxins, but drinking too much at once can make you too full to eat. Try to drink most of your fluids between meals, rather than during. It's best to make sure you get plenty of water.


Question: Can a specialist help me with eating during chemotherapy?

Answer: Try foods you've never eaten before, so you won't notice if they taste âoff.â Get help from an expert. Ask your doctor about seeing a registered dietitian. She can make an eating plan, suggest vitamins and supplements, and help you deal with side effects.


Question: What if nothing tastes good during chemotherapy?

Answer: Your appetite, and the foods that appeal to you, can change from day to day. Make mealtimes an event. Maybe you get a bitter, metallic taste with some foods. To solve this, try plastic silverware rather than metal. Choose frozen or fresh vegetables and fruit over canned. Try foods you've never eaten before, so you won't notice if they taste âoff.â Get help from an expert.


Question: How can I make healthy foods more caloric during chemotherapy?

Answer: Nutritious food keeps up your strength, fights fatigue, and helps your body heal. It's OK to eat high-fat, high-calorie foods you normally try to stay away from, or to eat, say, breakfast foods for dinner. Top salads with avocado or seeds, and add olive oil to rice and pasta or dip your bread into it. Liquid meal replacements can be another good option.


Question: Is it normal to not feel hungry during chemotherapy?

Answer: It helps repair body tissue and keeps your immune system healthy. You tend to eat more when you're distracted.


Question: Can exercise help my appetite during chemotherapy?

Answer: Your appetite, and the foods that appeal to you, can change from day to day. Maybe you get a bitter, metallic taste with some foods.


Question: What conditions do people believe oolong tea can help?

Answer: Some people drink oolong tea because of a belief that it helps with other conditions, such as: Heart disease Hyperlipidemia Osteoporosis Dermatitis Atherosclerosis High blood pressure Tooth decay But studies done in these areas have been inconsistent and not conclusive.


Question: Is there a set dosage for probiotics?

Answer: Because there are so many different probiotic organisms, there is no set dosage. Ask your health care provider for advice. Some probiotics are dosed by the number of live organisms they contain. For instance, a typical dosage of Lactobacillus acidophilus ranges between 1 billion to 10 billion live organisms split into three or four doses. Dosage may also be indicated as colony forming units ( CFU).


Question: How many probiotics should I take?

Answer: Because there are so many different probiotic organisms, there is no set dosage. Ask your health care provider for advice. Some probiotics are dosed by the number of live organisms they contain. For instance, a typical dosage of Lactobacillus acidophilus ranges between 1 billion to 10 billion live organisms split into three or four doses. Dosage may also be indicated as colony forming units ( CFU).


Question: How can probiotics prevent disease?

Answer: They may also be used with antibiotics to help prevent diarrhea that may come with taking antibiotics. In addition, researchers are studying probiotics to determine if they may help certain types of stomach ulcers (those caused by H. pylori), infections (including urinary tract, vaginal, GI, sinus, and respiratory), dental disease, allergies, and diseases of the liver. However, more research is needed to determine if probiotics are safe and effective for these conditions.


Question: What kinds of probiotics exist?

Answer: There are many types of probiotics. They include lactobacilli (like Lactobacillus acidophilusand Lactobacillus GG), bifidobacteria (like Bifidobacterium bifidus) and some yeasts (like Saccharomyces boulardii). Different probiotics have different effects. So while one may help treat diarrhea or a vaginal infection, another may have no effect. Before you start taking a probiotic supplement, talk to your health care provider to make sure that you get the treatment most likely to help.


Question: How do probiotics differ from prebiotics?

Answer: Probiotics are different from prebiotics. Prebiotics are non-digestible ingredients in foods that are used to spur the growth of probiotic bacteria in the body by providing a suitable environment in which the probiotics themselves can flourish. Synbiotics are combinations of prebiotics with probiotics.


Question: Why do people take probiotics?

Answer: Probiotics work by balancing the levels of microorganisms in the intestines. They drive down the numbers of harmful bacteria. They also seem to boost the body's immune system. Although research is ongoing, there's good evidence that some probiotics may be helpful in treating irritable bowel syndrome, some types of diarrhea, colitis (particularly ulcerative colitis and and a complication of surgery for ulcerative colitis called pouchitis), acne, and eczema in children. They may also be used with antibiotics to help prevent diarrhea that may come with taking antibiotics.


Question: What interactions can occur when ingesting probiotics?

Answer: Before you start taking a probiotic supplement, talk to your health care provider to make sure that you get the treatment most likely to help. They could interact with medicines such as antibiotics or immunosuppressive drugs.


Question: How does bronchial artery embolization help treat coughing up blood (hemoptysis)?

Answer: A doctor advances a catheter through the leg into an artery supplying blood to the lungs. By injecting dye and viewing the arteries on a video screen, the doctor identifies the source of bleeding. That artery is then blocked, using metal coils or another substance. Bleeding usually stops, and other arteries compensate for the newly blocked artery.


Question: How does yellow fever spread?

Answer: Yellow fever is typically spread to humans from bites by infected mosquitoes. People cannot spread yellow fever among themselves through casual contact, although the infection can be transmitted directly into the blood through contaminated needles. A few different species of mosquitoes transmit the yellow fever virus; some breed in urban areas, others in jungles. Mosquitoes that breed in the jungle also transmit yelllow fever to monkeys, who, in addition to humans, are a host for the disease.


Question: How high is the risk of yellow fever?

Answer: The CDC has identified 44 counties with a risk of yellow fever transmission, many of them with tropical climates. While the actual number of yellow fever cases among U. S. and European travelers to these at-risk countries is low, vaccination is advised for most international travelers to these countries, because yellow fever has no cure and can be deadly.


Question: What are symptoms of yellow fever?

Answer: Yellow fever gets its name from two of its most obvious symptoms: fever and yellowing of the skin. The yellowing occurs because the disease causes liver damage, hepatitis. For some people, yellow fever has no initial symptoms, while for others, the first symptoms appear from three to six days after exposure to the virus from a mosquito bite.


Question: How is yellow fever treated?

Answer: Because there is no cure for the viral infection itself, medical treatment of yellow fever focuses on easing symptoms such as fever, muscle pain, and dehydration. Because of the risk of internal bleeding, avoid aspirin and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs if you suspect you have yellow fever. Hospitalization is often needed.


Question: Who should not be vaccinated for yellow fever?

Answer: While the actual number of yellow fever cases among U. S. and European travelers to these at-risk countries is low, vaccination is advised for most international travelers to these countries, because yellow fever has no cure and can be deadly. The vaccine can cause serious adverse effects in certain people. Efforts are under way to develop a killed vaccine that will be safer. Talk with your doctor before getting the vaccine if you: Have a compromised immune system, such as from HIV Have cancer or thymus gland problems Have had treatment that can disrupt the immune system, such as steroids or cancer treatment Have had a life-threatening allergic reaction to eggs, chicken, gelatin, or past yellow fever vaccine Are pregnant or breastfeeding Are age 65 or older Your child is younger than 9 months old.


Question: What should I tell my friends if I have psoriasis?

Answer: Since most people know very little about psoriasis, it's important to help your friends learn about it and its treatment. Reassure your friends that they can't catch psoriasis from you. Explain that unlike many diseases, there's no cure. It's a condition you'll need to manage for the rest of your life. If you're trying a new treatment, tell your close friends how it works and what the side effects might be. Ask for practical help if you need it.


Question: What can I do if I'm having trouble handling the effects of psoriasis?

Answer: They may be able to refer you to a psychologist or counselor who can help. If you're having serious side effects from treatment, let your doctor know right away. Treatments can cause depression, fatigue, skin sensitivity, joint pain, and other things. Your doctor may suggest ways to ease those problems.


Question: How can I find a support group if I have psoriasis?

Answer: They understand what you're going through and can offer personal suggestions. To find a support group in your area, check with the National Psoriasis Foundation. It keeps a list of active chapters. The organization also offers mentoring to connect newly diagnosed people with volunteers who know about the condition. Events such as walkathons and benefits organized by the National Psoriasis Foundation or local groups in your area can help, too.


Question: How should I prepare for psoriasis treatment?

Answer: While you're getting treated for psoriasis, make sure you find a way to manage the stress and emotions that may tag along. Reach out to family, friends, and support groups to get the backing you need.


Question: How will hydrocelectomy treat hydrocele in baby boys?

Answer: The doctor can remove a hydrocele in a brief operation called a hydrocelectomy. Your baby will get medicine to numb his body or to put him under completely. Then, a surgeon makes a cut in his scrotum or lower belly. The surgeon then drains the fluid and sews the sac closed. Once it's finished, your son can go home the same day. In the days after surgery, you'll need to keep the area clean and dry. The doctor and her team will show you how to care for your son as he heals. After a few days, you may need to take him back to the doctor to make sure he's healing well.


Question: What are the types of hydrocele in baby boys?

Answer: There are two types: Noncommunicating hydrocele happens when the sac closes like normal, but the boy's body doesn't absorb the fluid inside it. Communicating hydrocele happens when the sac doesn't seal. With this type, his scrotum may swell more over time. Babies born prematurely are more likely to have a hydrocele.


Question: How do I get a diagnosis for hydrocele in baby boys?

Answer: She'll check his scrotum for fluid and tenderness, and she'll shine a light through it to see if there's fluid around his testicle. She'll also check to make sure your baby doesn't have a hernia. Your son may also have a blood test and an ultrasound to make sure nothing else is causing the swelling. After a few days, you may need to take him back to the doctor to make sure he's healing well.


Question: What are the symptoms of hydrocele in baby boys?

Answer: A hydrocele is a swelling in a boy's scrotum, the thin sac that holds his testicles. Communicating hydrocele happens when the sac doesn't seal. Even if he's not in pain, you should see the pediatrician to make sure he doesn't have other health problems that are causing the swelling, such as an infection, a tumor, or a hernia. The swelling from a noncommunicating hydrocele doesn't change in size. A communicating hydrocele can get bigger during the day, and if you gently squeeze it, the fluid will move out of the scrotum and into his belly.


Question: What is hydrocele in baby boys?

Answer: The condition is most common in newborns, though older boys and men can get it, too. It may sound or look serious, even painful, but don't worry, it won't hurt your baby. It might even go away on its own, though you should still see the doctor about it. There are two types: Noncommunicating hydrocele happens when the sac closes like normal, but the boy's body doesn't absorb the fluid inside it. The only symptom you'll notice is that one or both of your son's testicles look swollen.


Question: How do I treat hydrocele in baby boys?

Answer: It might even go away on its own, though you should still see the doctor about it. If it doesn't, or if it gets bigger, his doctor will refer him to a specialist called a urologist. If your son has a communicating hydrocele, the pediatrician will usually recommend surgery without waiting for it to go away.


Question: How can skipping your medication affect your blood pressure?

Answer: For some people, lifestyle changes are enough to get and keep blood pressure under control. But many people need medication, too. It's important to take it exactly as your doctor prescribes. That means not cutting doses or skipping days. If you have trouble remembering, get help with electronic reminders or daily pillboxes.


Question: What should you eat to help lower your blood pressure?

Answer: The experts recommend you: Skip foods high in total and saturated fat. Load up on fruits and vegetables in as many colors as possible. Go heavy on whole grains, and stay away from processed foods, especially ones high in carbohydrates, sugar, fat, and salt. Control how much alcohol you drink. While small amounts may lower your blood pressure, large amounts can have the opposite effect. Have no more than one drink a day if you're a woman; two or less if you're a man. Go easy on the caffeine. It can raise your blood pressure. These are the basic rules of a program called DASH ( Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension). It's considered by many to be the best diet when it comes to managing and lowering blood pressure.


Question: How can relaxing help to lower your blood pressure?

Answer: Lowering your stress helps keep your blood pressure normal. Try mind-body exercises like yoga and tai chi. Listen to calming music, or make music. One study found that playing music had benefits that were similar to physical activity. Sitting in the sun can boost feel-good chemicals called endorphins and lower your blood pressure. And don't forget about your support network. Rely on friends and family to lighten your mood. Meditation can also help with stress.


Question: How can losing weight affect your blood pressure?

Answer: If you're overweight, losing as little as 10 pounds can lower your blood pressure. It will also help with sleep apnea -- when your breathing briefly stops multiple times while you sleep. ( It can raise your blood pressure and make your heart beat irregularly.) Shed pounds slowly with a steady mix of healthy eating and exercise. Keeping tabs on the scale will help your blood pressure take care of itself. Check your readings regularly at home, and try to stay in your target range.


Question: How can salt affect your blood pressure?

Answer: It's a prime offender in raising blood pressure. The American Heart Association recommends that people with hypertension keep it under 1,500 milligrams a day. Check your food labels to see how much you're getting. If you cut back gradually, you're less likely to notice the difference. One way to cut back is to prepare your food at home. 75% of your sodium intake comes from eating out and packaged foods. Use more spices for flavor instead of salt. Eating more potassium (found in foods like bananas, raisins, tuna, and milk) helps move sodium out of your body. A small effort can bring blood pressure down as much as 2 to 8 points.


Question: What should you know about lowering your blood pressure?

Answer: ( It can raise your blood pressure and make your heart beat irregularly.) A small effort can bring blood pressure down as much as 2 to 8 points. It's important to take it exactly as your doctor prescribes.


Question: What does the National Cancer Institute website provide regarding clinical trials?

Answer: National Cancer Institute This website lists thousands of cancer clinical trials, describes them, gives eligibility criteria, and explains what to do when you find one that you think may be right for you.


Question: What does the Emerging Med's Cancer Clinical Trial Matching Service website provide regarding clinical trials?

Answer: Onco Link Cancer Clinical Trial Matching Service This website enables you to create a detailed profile to see if you match the eligibility requirements of more than 10,000 trials in the U. S. and Canada.


Question: What are cancer clinical trials and what are they used for?

Answer: Through cancer clinical trials, researchers test the effects of new drugs on a group of volunteers with cancer. Following a strict protocol and using carefully controlled conditions, researchers evaluate the drugs under development and measure the ability of the new drug to treat cancer, its safety, and any possible side effects. These cancer treatments may be even more effective than the current cancer treatment.


Question: How is oppositional defiant disorder similar to ADHD?

Answer: Kids who lose their temper a lot, refuse to follow rules, argue with adults, and say mean things to other people are often diagnosed with oppositional defiant disorder, or ODD. It usually goes away within 3 years in about 60% of kids. But studies have shown that about 30% of children with ODD develop conduct disorder.


Question: How is depression related to ADHD?

Answer: Depression. About 1 in 7 children with ADHD are also diagnosed with depression. Experts think it could be made worse by the stress from having ADHD. To complicate things even more, certain ADHD medications have side effects that can look like symptoms of depression, including changes in eating and sleeping habits.


Question: How are anxiety disorders related to ADHD?

Answer: About one-fifth of kids with ADHD also have some type of anxiety disorder, including separation anxiety, social anxiety, or general anxiety. And children with ADHD are more likely than others to get anxiety. The type of medication they take for ADHD makes a big difference if they also have anxiety.


Question: How do I treat sprains, finger dislocations or fractures?

Answer: Apply ice and elevate hand to reduce swelling. If a finger or part of a finger has been cut off, collect all parts and tissue and place in a plastic bag on ice for transport to the hospital with the person. See a health care provider immediately for a deep cut, puncture wound, animal bite, human bite, or a scrape that you cannot get clean or if the cut shows signs of infection.


Question: When should I get medical attention for my hand injury?

Answer: The person is seriously injured. Injury includes amputation. Bone is protruding through skin. Bleeding cannot be stopped after several minutes of firm pressure. Blood spurts from the wound. The hand feels numb or cold.


Question: How do pill organizers work?

Answer: They come with separate sections for days of the week and times of the day. This allows you to sort drugs according to exactly when you need to take them. Most medications can be stored in compartments with other drugs for short periods of time without interacting. But check with your doctor or pharmacist to make sure.


Question: How can keeping a checklist help me take my medicine?

Answer: A written chart that shows which medications to take and when to take them is another good way to stay organized. You can find them online or make your own. Include the name of the medicine, the dose, when you take it, and what the pill looks like. Also mark any special instructions, such as whether it should be taken with food. Leave space to check off that you've taken each dose. Update your drug list as soon as you change prescriptions.


Question: What are the different types of pill organizers?

Answer: Other variations on the theme: Try automatic pill dispensers that help you organize your pills. Or put medications in different colored bottles for separate times of day. You can also ask your pharmacy for pills that come in "multi-dose" packages. They group meds that need to be taken together into packets marked with the date and time. Make sure you don't order too many in advance, though, in case there's a change in your prescriptions.


Question: What are some tips for taking medication after an organ transplant?

Answer: Taking medication is absolutely crucial to staying healthy. Here are some tips. When it comes to taking organ transplant drugs, strictly follow your health care provider's advice. Use weekly or daily pillboxes to set up doses beforehand, and keep track. Use alarm clocks, timers, or digital watches to help you remember doses. Ask your family members to help you stay on a medication schedule. Keep drugs away from children and pets. Store medication in a cool, dry place. Keep a list of all your drugs somewhere obvious. If you miss a dose, don't assume you can double up with your next one. Keep track of how much medicine you have left. Always call the pharmacy for refills early. If your doctor agrees, take medication with food to prevent gastrointestinal side effects. Set up doses so that they coincide with other daily activities, such as brushing your teeth, eating lunch, or going to bed. Never stop taking a medication without your health care provider's approval.


Question: How do immunosuppressant drugs work?

Answer: Immunosuppressant drugs can block the effects of these natural defenses. They usually allow your body to live in relative harmony with a donor organ. The catch is that by blocking your defenses, you become more vulnerable to infections. It's the trade-off of getting a transplant. "


Question: Are immunosuppressant drugs effective?

Answer: Immunosuppressant drugs can block the effects of these natural defenses. They usually allow your body to live in relative harmony with a donor organ. The catch is that by blocking your defenses, you become more vulnerable to infections. It's the trade-off of getting a transplant. "


Question: How many medications are normal to have to take after an organ transplant?

Answer: Living with an organ transplant usually means taking a lot of medication, probably for the rest of your life. Most people take six to 12 different medications daily, Punch says.


Question: What happens six months after an organ transplant?

Answer: Over the next six months to a year after an organ transplant, your health care team will probably reduce your medication. You'll settle into the "maintenance phase" on a lower dose. At this point, you can usually relax some of your safety measures. You won't be as susceptible to infection. But you should still take precautions. Wash your hands regularly and limit contact with people who are sick or recently vaccinated.


Question: For how long do I need to take extra precautions against infection after an organ transplant?

Answer: Organ rejection is your own body's misguided attempt to protect you. Over the next six months to a year after an organ transplant, your health care team will probably reduce your medication. You'll settle into the "maintenance phase" on a lower dose. At this point, you can usually relax some of your safety measures. But you should still take precautions. Wash your hands regularly and limit contact with people who are sick or recently vaccinated. If you ever have an episode where your body rejects a donor organ (organ rejection), your doctor may need to change your medications or boost the dosage of immunosuppressant drugs. Since your immune system will be further suppressed, you'll need to take those extra precautions again. Your doctor may also occasionally need to change some of the medicines. New and more effective drugs may also come on the market that will replace old ones.


Question: What are some tips for people with a complicated medication regimen?

Answer: Taking medication is absolutely crucial to staying healthy. Here are some tips. Use alarm clocks, timers, or digital watches to help you remember doses. Ask your family members to help you stay on a medication schedule. Keep drugs away from children and pets. Store medication in a cool, dry place. Keep a list of all your drugs somewhere obvious. If you miss a dose, don't assume you can double up with your next one. Keep track of how much medicine you have left. Always call the pharmacy for refills early. If your doctor agrees, take medication with food to prevent gastrointestinal side effects. Set up doses so that they coincide with other daily activities, such as brushing your teeth, eating lunch, or going to bed. Never stop taking a medication without your health care provider's approval.


Question: Is it possible to balance rejection and infection after an organ transplant?

Answer: But you can't take so much that your risk of infection gets too high." No, you won't have to live in a sterile bubble to stay healthy. You won't be as susceptible to infection.


Question: What should you do to avoid infection while in the phase of immunosuppression after an organ transplant?

Answer: They usually allow your body to live in relative harmony with a donor organ. You should: Wash your hands often. Avoid people who are sick. Stay out of crowded areas. Don't take care of pets. Pets carry germs, so limit your exposure to them. Don't garden. Clean them and put on a bandage. Practice very safe sex . It could be more. Use weekly or daily pillboxes to set up doses beforehand, and keep track.


Question: How does our body treat transplanted organs?

Answer: Organ rejection is your own body's misguided attempt to protect you. That's why there's immunosuppression. Some may not work as well over time. It could be more. Always call the pharmacy for refills early.


Question: What can happen if someone's body rejects a donor organ?

Answer: Organ rejection is your own body's misguided attempt to protect you. If you ever have an episode where your body rejects a donor organ (organ rejection), your doctor may need to change your medications or boost the dosage of immunosuppressant drugs. Since your immune system will be further suppressed, you'll need to take those extra precautions again.


Question: How does someone take extra good care of themselves after an organ transplant?

Answer: You should: Wash your hands often. Hand washing is an excellent way to reduce exposure to germs. It's especially important before you eat. Avoid people who are sick. It's best to limit contact with anyone who has a cold or any other infection like measles or chicken pox. Stay out of crowded areas. For example, avoid malls and movie theaters. Don't take care of pets. Pets carry germs, so limit your exposure to them. You don't have to kick them out of the house. Instead, look at this as an excuse to make your spouse or kids clean out the litter box for a change. Don't garden. Some dangerous bacteria live in the soil. So let your garden go wild for a few months. Or hire someone to do the weeding for you. Brush and floss daily. Both help keep your mouth free of infections. Have your teeth cleaned regularly. Don't ignore cuts or scratches. Clean them and put on a bandage. Get in touch with your health care provider if you have any signs of infection. Practice very safe sex . Sexually transmitted diseases such as herpes can be a problem for anyone. But they can be dangerous for people who have had an organ transplant. Condoms may not be enough to fully protect you. Even saliva can expose you to colds and viruses. So be careful. Ask your health care provider about what's safe in your case. Living in the country poses different risks, such as exposure to farm animals or potentially unsafe well water, Friedman says. It could be more.


Question: How can living in certain areas present risks to immunosuppression after an organ transplant?

Answer: Obviously, specific recommendations depend on your health and situation. Where you live can even make a difference. Ask your health care adviser for recommendations.


Question: What can I eat if I have hypothyroidism?

Answer: Calcium and vitamin D supplements can keep hypoparathyroidism in check. A healthy diet helps, too. Your doctor may tell you to: Limit foods with phosphates, like soda and other fizzy drinks. These can pull calcium from your bones. Eat foods high in calcium such as low-fat dairy products, dark green vegetables like collard greens and kale, and foods with added calcium like some cereals and orange juices.


Question: What things can trigger hypoparathyroidism?

Answer: Several things can trigger hypoparathyroidism. They include: Injury or removal of the glands during surgery Autoimmune diseases Radiation therapy to your neck or head Low levels of magnesium Genetic disorders Some of the symptoms of low blood calcium are: Muscle cramps or spasms in your legs, feet, lower back, or face Tingling in your fingers, toes, or lips Anxiety and depression Heart failure An irregular heartbeat Low blood pressure Seizures Low calcium in the long term can lead to: Cataracts Dental problems Movement disorders like tremors Hair loss and brittle nails Your doctor will test your blood and your urine for calcium, PTH, phosphorus, and magnesium.


Question: What foods and beverages may sulfites be added to?

Answer: Sulfites may be added to foods and beverages such as: Apple cider and other types of cider Avocado dip Beer and wine Condiments, jams, gravies, and molasses Dried fruits and vegetables Fruit and vegetable juices Peeled potatoes (including french fries) Pickled meats and vegetables Restaurant food and other prepared foods Shrimp and shellfish Sulfites may also occur naturally in foods such as: Asparagus Chives Corn starch Eggs Fish, such as salmon and dried cod Garlic Leeks Lettuce Maple syrup Onions Soy Tomatoes According to federal law, sulfites cannot be added to foods that are intended to be eaten raw, such as fruits and vegetables.


Question: In what foods and beverages may sulfites occur naturally?

Answer: Sulfites may be added to foods and beverages such as: Apple cider and other types of cider Avocado dip Beer and wine Condiments, jams, gravies, and molasses Dried fruits and vegetables Fruit and vegetable juices Peeled potatoes (including french fries) Pickled meats and vegetables Restaurant food and other prepared foods Shrimp and shellfish Sulfites may also occur naturally in foods such as: Asparagus Chives Corn starch Eggs Fish, such as salmon and dried cod Garlic Leeks Lettuce Maple syrup Onions Soy Tomatoes According to federal law, sulfites cannot be added to foods that are intended to be eaten raw, such as fruits and vegetables.


Question: What can happen if I have asthma and a sulfite allergy?

Answer: Unfortunately, 5%-10% of people with asthma are also allergic to sulfites. An allergy is an increased sensitivity to a specific substance (called an allergen). The combination of asthma and sulfites can be dangerous. If you have asthma and sulfite allergy, eating foods or taking drugs that contain sulfites can even be life-threatening. "


Question: What are sulfites?

Answer: Sulfites are a common additive in many foods and drugs. Sulfites" is the general name for six specific substances: Sulfur dioxide Sodium sulfite Sodium bisulfite Sodium metabisulfite Potassium bisulfite Potassium metabisulfite As additives, sulfites do many things: They can prevent spoilage and preserve foods -- and certain beverages -- by preventing the growth of mold and bacteria, for example. This can be tough, especially since sulfites are in many foods and drugs.


Question: What are symptoms of a sulfites allergy?

Answer: The combination of asthma and sulfites can be dangerous. Symptoms of a sulfite allergy include: Hives and itchiness Upset stomach, diarrhea, and vomiting Trouble swallowing Flushing Dizziness Drop in blood pressure Trouble breathing The combination of asthma and sulfites can be life-threatening because it can lead to anaphylactic shock.


Question: How do osmotic laxatives treat constipation that comes from irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)?

Answer: These pull water back into your colon, which softens your stool so it's easier to get it out of your body. They are fairly safe to take for long-lasting constipation. Just make sure you drink plenty of water when you take them to avoid getting dehydrated.


Question: Do stimulant laxatives have side effects?

Answer: Side effects can include diarrhea, upset stomach, vomiting, and stomach cramping.


Question: Where can you buy stimulant laxatives?

Answer: You can buy many brands over the counter at the pharmacy.


Question: Can osmotic laxatives cause problems for people suffering from irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)?

Answer: Osmotic laxatives can cause problems for some people, like bloating, diarrhea, and dehydration. In rare cases, some of them may lead to kidney or heart disease. These laxatives include milk of magnesia, magnesium citrate, sorbitol, polyethylene glycol, and lactulose. You can buy many brands over the counter at the pharmacy.


Question: Is fiber a good way to treat constipation that comes from irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)?

Answer: But some people may need more help from bulk-forming laxatives. They add soluble fiber to your stool, which makes it easier to pass by absorbing more water in your intestines. Make sure you drink plenty of water when you take one, though. These laxatives include methylcellulose ( Citrucel), polycarbophil ( Fiber Con), and psyllium ( Metamucil). These pull water back into your colon, which softens your stool so it's easier to get it out of your body. When you take them for a long time, your body can get used to them so that they won't work for you anymore. Talk with your doctor before you take a laxative to see if it will help with your symptoms.


Question: Do laxatives relieve constipation for people suffering from irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)?

Answer: Many people with irritable bowel syndrome turn to laxatives to relieve constipation. Laxatives do ease constipation and help you have more regular bowel movements. There's no proof they relieve stomach aches, bloating, and other problems that come with IBS, though. Researchers haven't done enough of the right kinds of scientific studies to know exactly how well they work. They are fairly safe to take for long-lasting constipation. Talk with your doctor before you take a laxative to see if it will help with your symptoms.


Question: Should I talk to my doctor before I take a laxative?

Answer: There's no proof they relieve stomach aches, bloating, and other problems that come with IBS, though. If you're thinking about taking one, talk with your doctor first.


Question: What is alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency?

Answer: In this inherited liver disease an important liver protein known as alpha-1 antitrypsin is either lacking or exists in lower than normal levels in the blood. People with alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency are able to produce this protein; however, the disease prevents it from entering the bloodstream and it instead accumulates in the liver.


Question: How can cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) help treat anxiety?

Answer: In CBT, a therapist helps you identify negative thoughts (including anxious ones) and replace them with healthier, more realistic ones. Some sessions may include outings or social events. You may decide to see a therapist on your own and also go to a group, along with using other treatments for anxiety, such as medication.


Question: What should I do if I'm concerned about how my anxiety support group is going?

Answer: If you have concerns about how your group is going, you may want to privately talk to the therapist who leads it to see if they can change how things are done. Or you may want to try another group or one-on-one therapy.


Question: What should I ask about a support group before I join?

Answer: Before you join, it can help to ask the organizer or therapist running the group these questions: Is this group open or closed? Can people join at any time, or does everyone begin together and meet for a set period of time (for example, 12 weeks)? How many people are in the group? Do all the members have anxiety?


Question: How can group therapy help anxiety?

Answer: Group therapy is one way to make those connections as part of your treatment. The goal is to learn about yourself and find new ways to ease your anxious feelings.


Question: How is viral pneumonia spread?

Answer: Viruses that cause pneumonia travel through the air in droplets of fluid after someone sneezes or coughs. These fluids can get into your body through your nose or mouth. You can also get viral pneumonia after touching a virus-laden doorknob or keyboard, then touching your mouth or nose.


Question: How do you diagnose viral pneumonia?

Answer: Pneumonia is an infection in your lungs, and it can keep you in bed feeling very sick. If you have mild symptoms, your doctor may suggest blood tests or a chest X-ray. If your symptoms are serious, and you are 65 or older (or an infant or young child), the doctor might recommend collecting fluids. She or he may also put a camera down your throat to check your airways.


Question: For how long are people with swine flu contagious?

Answer: People who have it can spread it one day before they have any symptoms and as many as 7 days after they get sick. Kids can be contagious for as long as 10 days.


Question: What are the symptoms of swine flu?

Answer: These, too, are pretty much the same as seasonal flu. They can include: Cough Fever Sore throat Stuffy or runny nose Body aches Headache Chills Fatigue Like the regular flu, swine flu can lead to more serious problems including pneumonia, a lung infection, and other breathing problems. And it can make an illness like diabetes or asthma worse. If you have symptoms like shortness of breath, severe vomiting, pain in your belly or sides, dizziness, or confusion, call your doctor or 911 right away.


Question: How does a doctor test for swine flu?

Answer: To test for swine flu, your doctor runs a swab -- a bigger version of the ones in your bathroom -- up the inside of your nose around the back of your throat. But the test isn't as common or widespread as those for regular flu.


Question: How can I prevent getting swine flu?

Answer: Besides a flu shot, there are other things you can do to stay healthy: Wash your hands throughout the day with soap and water. Sing the " Happy Birthday" song twice to make sure you've washed long enough. Or use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer. Don't touch your eyes, nose, or mouth. Avoid people who are sick.


Question: Can you get a test for swine flu?

Answer: If you have swine flu, you may be more likely to feel sick and your stomach and throw up than with regular flu. Antibiotics won't do anything for you.


Question: How is swine flu treated?

Answer: Oseltamivir ( Tamiflu), peramivir ( Rapivab), and zanamivir ( Relenza) seem to work best, although some kinds of swine flu don't respond to oseltamivir. These drugs can help you get well faster. They can also make you feel better. They work best when you take them within 48 hours of the first flu symptoms, but they can help even if you get them later on. The same flu vaccine that protects against seasonal flu also protects against the H1 N1 swine flu strain.


Question: Why is swine flu called swine flu?

Answer: That changed several years ago, when a new virus emerged that spread among people who hadn't been near pigs. Without one it's hard to tell whether you have swine flu or seasonal flu, because most symptoms are the same. The same flu vaccine that protects against seasonal flu also protects against the H1 N1 swine flu strain.


Question: Should people still be cautious about the swine flu?

Answer: Like seasonal flu, it can cause more serious health problems for some people. The best bet is to get a flu vaccine, or flu shot, every year. Swine flu is one of the viruses included in the vaccine. You can get it as a shot or as a nasal spray.


Question: Is the swine flu a pandemic?

Answer: It's called swine flu because in the past, the people who caught it had direct contact with pigs. Since then, people have continued to get sick from swine flu, but not as many.


Question: What can I do to help treat my depression at home?

Answer: Monitor your mood. Whether your social network stems from your spouse, family members, close friends, co-workers, religious organizations, or community groups, support is available. Stick with the prescribed treatment. Develop good habits. Don't ignore side effects. See if there's any way to minimize or eliminate them. Let your doctor know if you are prescribed other medicines by another health care professional. Never stop taking your depression medicine without your doctor's permission.


Question: How can protective eyewear help prevent injuries to your child during sports?

Answer: It's a good idea for any kid who's into: Baseball/softball Basketball Soccer Hockey Tennis Karate Racquetball Your child may not want to use protective eyewear at first, especially if he's the only one on the team who has it. But you can help. Let him pick out the eye gear, so he's in charge of style. Or lead by example and wear the gear yourself when you play sports.


Question: What are some tips for getting new glasses for your child?

Answer: Fit the frames: They shouldn't pinch his ears or nose, or weigh down his face. Get the prescription right: If your child looks over the tops of his glasses or complains that he can't see with them, his prescription may be wrong. Go back to your optician or eye doctor and get it checked out. Start slowly: Have him wear the glasses for short periods of time while he sits down at the beginning. Encourage him to put them on in the morning when he gets dressed and take them off at night before he goes to bed.


Question: What typically causes dissociative identity disorder?

Answer: While the causes of dissociative identity disorder are still vague, research indicates that it is likely a psychological response to interpersonal and environmental stresses, particularly during early childhood years when emotional neglect or abuse may interfere with personality development.


Question: What other psychiatric illnesses might occur with DID?

Answer: Along with the dissociation and multiple or split personalities, people with dissociative disorders may experience a number of other psychiatric problems, including symptoms: Depression Mood swings Suicidal tendencies Sleep disorders (insomnia, night terrors, and sleep walking) Anxiety, panic attacks, and phobias (flashbacks, reactions to stimuli or "triggers") Alcohol and drug abuse Compulsions and rituals Psychotic-like symptoms (including auditory and visual hallucinations) Eating disorders Famous people with dissociative identity disorder include singer Lady Gaga, comedienne Roseanne Barr, Adam Duritz, and retired NFL star Herschel Walker.


Question: What roles do the different personalities play in dissociative identity disorder?

Answer: The distinct personalities may serve diverse roles in helping the individual cope with life's dilemmas. For instance, there's an average of two to four personalities present when the patient is initially diagnosed. Then there's an average of 13 to 15 personalities that can become known over the course of treatment. While unusual, there have been instances of dissociative identity disorder with more than 100 personalities. Environmental triggers or life events cause a sudden shift from one alter or personality to another.


Question: What is dissociative identity disorder?

Answer: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } Dissociative identity disorder is a severe form of dissociation, a mental process which produces a lack of connection in a person's thoughts, memories, feelings, actions, or sense of identity. Dissociative identity disorder is thought to stem from a combination of factors that may include trauma experienced by the person with the disorder. The dissociative aspect is thought to be a coping mechanism -- the person literally shuts off or dissociates himself from a situation or experience that's too violent, traumatic, or painful to assimilate with his conscious self.


Question: How is dissociative identity disorder diagnosed?

Answer: Making the diagnosis of dissociative identity disorder takes time. It's estimated that individuals with dissociative disorders have spent seven years in the mental health system prior to accurate diagnosis. This is common, because the list of symptoms that cause a person with a dissociative disorder to seek treatment is very similar to those of many other psychiatric diagnoses. In fact, many people who have dissociative disorders also have coexisting diagnoses of borderline or other personality disorders, depression, and anxiety.


Question: What is identity confusion or identity alteration in dissociative identity disorder?

Answer: Identity confusion or identity alteration. Both of these involve a sense of confusion about who a person is. An example of identity confusion is when a person has trouble defining the things that interest them in life, or their political or religious or social viewpoints, or their sexual orientation, or their professional ambitions. In addition to these apparent alterations, the person may experience distortions in time, place, and situation.


Question: How can dissociated states affect daily life for someone with dissociative identity disorder?

Answer: It is now acknowledged that these dissociated states are not fully mature personalities, but rather they represent a disjointed sense of identity. With the amnesia typically associated with dissociative identity disorder, different identity states remember different aspects of autobiographical information. There is usually a "host" personality within the individual, who identifies with the person's real name. Ironically, the host personality is usually unaware of the presence of other personalities.


Question: What are the symptoms of dissociative identity disorder?

Answer: Dissociative identity disorder is characterized by the presence of two or more distinct or split identities or personality states that continually have power over the person's behavior. With dissociative identity disorder, there's also an inability to recall key personal information that is too far-reaching to be explained as mere forgetfulness. With dissociative identity disorder, there are also highly distinct memory variations, which fluctuate with the person's split personality. The "alters" or different identities have their own age, sex, or race. Each has his or her own postures, gestures, and distinct way of talking. Sometimes the alters are imaginary people; sometimes they are animals. As each personality reveals itself and controls the individuals' behavior and thoughts, it's called "switching." Switching can take seconds to minutes to days. When under hypnosis, the person's different "alters" or identities may be very responsive to the therapist's requests.


Question: How can amnesia happen in dissociative identity disorder?

Answer: This is the failure to recall significant personal information that is so extensive it cannot be blamed on ordinary forgetfulness. There can also be micro-amnesias where the discussion engaged in is not remembered, or the content of a meaningful conversation is forgotten from one second to the next.


Question: What's the treatment plan for dissociative identity disorder?

Answer: Effective treatment includes: Psychotherapy: Also called talk therapy, the therapy is designed to work through whatever triggered and triggers the DID. The goal is to help âfuseâ the separate personality traits into one consolidated personality that can control the triggers. This therapy often includes involving family members in the therapy. Hypnotherapy. Used in conjunction with psychotherapy, clinical hypnosis can be used to help access repressed memories, control some of the problematic behaviors which accompany DID as well as help integrate the personalities into one. Adjunctive therapy . Therapies such as art or movement therapy have been shown to help people connect with parts of their mind that they have shut off to cope with trauma. There are no established medication treatments for dissociative identity disorder, making psychologically-based approaches the mainstay of therapy. Treatment of co-occurring disorders, such as depression or substance use disorders, is fundamental to overall improvement. Because the symptoms of dissociative disorders often occur with other disorders, such as anxiety and depression, medicines to treat those co-occurring problems, if present, are sometimes used in addition to psychotherapy.


Question: What is the criteria used to diagnose dissociative identity disorder?

Answer: The DSM-5 provides the following criteria to diagnose dissociative identity disorder: Two or more distinct identities or personality states are present, each with its own relatively enduring pattern of perceiving, relating to, and thinking about the environment and self. Amnesia must occur, defined as gaps in the recall of everyday events, important personal information, and/or traumatic events. The person must be distressed by the disorder or have trouble functioning in one or more major life areas because of the disorder. The disturbance is not part of normal cultural or religious practices. The symptoms cannot be due to the direct physiological effects of a substance (such as blackouts or chaotic behavior during alcohol intoxication) or a general medical condition (such as complex partial seizures).


Question: How common is dissociative identity disorder?

Answer: Studies indicate DID affects about 1% of the population. As an example, someone with dissociative identity disorder may find themselves doing things they wouldn't normally do, such as speeding, reckless driving, or stealing money from their employer or friend, yet they feel they are being compelled to do it.


Question: What's the difference between dissociative identity disorder and schizophrenia?

Answer: Dissociative identity disorder is characterized by the presence of two or more distinct or split identities or personality states that continually have power over the person's behavior. With dissociative identity disorder, there are also highly distinct memory variations, which fluctuate with the person's split personality. Sometimes the alters are imaginary people; sometimes they are animals. While unusual, there have been instances of dissociative identity disorder with more than 100 personalities.


Question: Is dissociative identity disorder real?

Answer: Dissociative identity disorder is thought to stem from a combination of factors that may include trauma experienced by the person with the disorder. Amnesia. It's estimated that individuals with dissociative disorders have spent seven years in the mental health system prior to accurate diagnosis.


Question: What is temporal arteritis?

Answer: It can start with a severe headache, pain when you chew, and tenderness in your temple. A few weeks later, you might have a sudden vision loss in one eye, followed quickly by the second. Other symptoms include joint pain, weight loss, and a low-grade fever. Doctors think a damaged immune system causes it. Early diagnosis and treatment with medication can help prevent vision loss. If you suddenly can't see, get to the doctor as soon as you can. It's an emergency.


Question: How do you develop dry eyes?

Answer: It's rare, but if you don't take care of it, you could lose some vision. Your eye doctor may suggest a humidifier in your home or special eye drops that simulate tears. Doctors treat severe cases with tear duct plugs, prescription eye drops, or surgery. Tearing, when your eyes make too many tears, can happen if you're sensitive to light, wind, or temperature changes. It can make your eye burn and itch, tear up, look red, or feel like there's something in it.


Question: Will my eyes change as I age?

Answer: Some problems become more common as you get older, although they can affect anyone at any age. If you notice a sudden change in the type or number of spots or flashes you see, visit your eye doctor as soon as you can.


Question: How can medications lead to depression?

Answer: Certain medications prescribed for various medical conditions do cause such feelings as sadness, despair, and discouragement. And those are feelings that are often associated with depression. So have oral contraceptives, high blood pressure drugs, and even statins that treat high cholesterol. The best way to know if a drug could be affecting your mood in a negative way is to know which medicines commonly cause depression or mania.


Question: What should I do if I think my medicine causes depression or mania?

Answer: Certain medications prescribed for various medical conditions do cause such feelings as sadness, despair, and discouragement. So have oral contraceptives, high blood pressure drugs, and even statins that treat high cholesterol. Then talk to your doctor to see if any of the medicines you are taking are likely causing or contributing to mood symptoms, and if so, discuss whether a different medication may be a better choice. When a medicine does produce symptoms of mania or depression, your doctor may recommend discontinuing the drug or reducing the dosage (if possible). If this is not possible, your doctor may treat the manic or depressive symptoms with other drugs. If you do experience depression or mania while taking one of these medications or any other, call your doctor immediately.


Question: What are the goals of palliative care?

Answer: The goals are: Relieve pain and other symptoms Address your emotional and spiritual concerns, and those of your caregivers Coordinate your care Improve your quality of life during your illness For example, a palliative care doctor may prescribe medications and other therapies to treat pain, constipation, shortness of breath, and other symptoms.


Question: What services can a palliative care team provide?

Answer: Your palliative care team can provide the following services: Expert treatment of pain and other symptoms Open discussion about treatment choices for your illness (including difficult and complex choices) and management of your symptoms Coordination of your care with all of your health care providers Help with navigating the health care system Help with making a smooth transition from the hospital to home care or a nursing home Emotional, spiritual, and practical support for you and your family Here are questions to ask your palliative care team, according to the Center to Advance Palliative Care: What can I expect from palliative care?


Question: What are some questions to ask your palliative care team?

Answer: Your palliative care team can provide the following services: Expert treatment of pain and other symptoms Open discussion about treatment choices for your illness (including difficult and complex choices) and management of your symptoms Coordination of your care with all of your health care providers Help with navigating the health care system Help with making a smooth transition from the hospital to home care or a nursing home Emotional, spiritual, and practical support for you and your family Here are questions to ask your palliative care team, according to the Center to Advance Palliative Care: What can I expect from palliative care? Where will I receive my care (for example, in the hospital, home, nursing home, or hospice?) Who will be part of my palliative care team? What are your recommendations for my care? What will you do if I experience severe pain or uncomfortable symptoms? How will you communicate with my other doctors? What decisions will my family or I need to make? Will you be able to help explain the issues involved in making these decisions? Will you communicate candidly about my illness with me and my family?


Question: Who is on a palliative care team?

Answer: In general, the interdisciplinary palliative care team includes a doctor, a nurse, and a social worker. But other experts often fill out the team, according to a patient's needs. These include chaplains, counselors, pharmacists, dietitians, rehabilitation specialists, physical therapists, music and art therapists, and home health aides.


Question: What are examples of what a palliative care team might do?

Answer: The goals are: Relieve pain and other symptoms Address your emotional and spiritual concerns, and those of your caregivers Coordinate your care Improve your quality of life during your illness For example, a palliative care doctor may prescribe medications and other therapies to treat pain, constipation, shortness of breath, and other symptoms. A social worker may coordinate your care and serve as an advocate on behalf of you and your family. A chaplain may offer spiritual support and help you to explore your beliefs and values. The palliative care team can also help your family by offering medical information, emotional support, and home care assistance.


Question: What over-the-counter medicines help for a cough?

Answer: You have two main choices in the cold-and-flu aisle: Cough suppressants , like dextromethorphan, can provide relief for a short time. They work on the part of your brain that controls the process. Expectorants, like guaifenesin, can break up congestion in your chest by thinning the mucus in your airways. This way, when you do cough, you can get rid of phlegm more easily. Drink plenty of water if you take this medicine.


Question: Can over-the-counter medicines cure a cold?

Answer: Over-the-counter medicines won't cure your cold, but they might make you feel better, so you can rest as it runs its course.


Question: Can I take over-the-counter medicines for fever, aches, and a sore throat?

Answer: These symptoms are usually mild with a cold compared to a more serious illness, like the flu. Still, if you feel bad and can't rest, most experts agree it's OK to take something to ease pain and lower a fever, like acetaminophen or ibuprofen. Always check drug labels for side effects, and follow the instructions for taking the medicine. Make sure it won't mix poorly with any other medications you're taking or health problems you have -- ask your doctor or pharmacist if you're not sure.


Question: What kind of over-the-counter medicine helps with congestion?

Answer: Decongestants can curb swelling inside your nose and sinuses, and help you breathe more easily. If you see the letter " D" at the end of a medicine's name, it means it includes a decongestant. Look for products with phenylephrine or pseudoephedrine. ( You may have to ask for these. They're still considered over-the-counter but are often stored behind the counter.) Nasal sprays. Products with oxymetazoline and phenylephrine may work faster than pills or syrups. But if you use them for more than 2-3 days in a row, your congestion could get worse. Don't take both types of decongestant at the same time. Start with a nasal spray for the first couple of days, and switch to a pill or syrup if you still need it.


Question: What do over-the-counter antihistamines do?

Answer: They're still considered over-the-counter but are often stored behind the counter.) When you have a cold, your body makes chemicals called histamines. They can also make you sleepy and dry out your eyes, nose, and mouth.


Question: What does sexual orientation mean?

Answer: Sexual orientation is usually divided into three categories: Heterosexual: attracted to individuals of the opposite sex Bisexual: attracted to members of either sex Homosexual: attracted to individuals of one's own sex Sexual orientation involves a person's feelings and sense of identity; it may or may not be evident in the person's appearance or behavior. People may have attractions to people of the same or opposite sex, but may elect not to act on these feelings.


Question: How can a person's sexual orientation be changed?

Answer: Most experts agree that sexual orientation is not a choice and, therefore, cannot be changed. Some people who are homosexual or bisexual may hide their sexual orientation and live as heterosexuals to avoid prejudice against people who are homosexual and bisexual.


Question: What are the categories of sexual orientation?

Answer: Sexual orientation is usually divided into three categories: Heterosexual: attracted to individuals of the opposite sex Bisexual: attracted to members of either sex Homosexual: attracted to individuals of one's own sex Sexual orientation involves a person's feelings and sense of identity; it may or may not be evident in the person's appearance or behavior.


Question: Why are some people homosexual or bisexual?

Answer: Most scientists today agree that sexual orientation (including homosexuality and bisexuality) is the result of a combination of environmental, emotional, hormonal, and biological factors. In other words, there are many factors that contribute to a person's sexual orientation, and the factors may be different for different people. However, homosexuality and bisexuality are not caused by the way a child was reared by his or her parents, or by having a sexual experience with someone of the same sex when the person was young. Also, being homosexual or bisexual does not mean the person is mentally ill or abnormal in some way, although there may be social problems that result from prejudicial attitudes or misinformation.


Question: How do people know their sexual orientation?

Answer: In other words, there are many factors that contribute to a person's sexual orientation, and the factors may be different for different people. For example, homosexuals become aware that their sexual thoughts and activities focus on people of the same sex. It is possible, however, to have fantasies or to be curious about people of the same sex without being homosexual or bisexual, or choosing to act on these impulses/attractions.


Question: How can zinc be used as a treatment?

Answer: In addition, zinc has also been studied as a treatment for herpes, high cholesterol, rheumatoid arthritis, HIV, and more. However, the evidence of zinc's benefit for these conditions is inconclusive. Zinc may be part of an effective treatment for age-related macular degeneration, but more proof is needed.


Question: What are the goals of treatment for juvenile rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: Treatment usually includes medications along with exercise. The goals are to: Stop inflammation Ease pain and swelling Strengthen joints and help them move better Prevent joint damage and other complications Medications for juvenile rheumatoid arthritis include: NSAIDS ( Nonsteroidal Anti- Inflammatory Drugs) The medicines can curb pain, fever, and inflammation.


Question: What medications can stop juvenile rheumatoid arthritis from getting worse?

Answer: Meds That Stop the Condition From Getting Worse Your doctor may prescribe â DMARDs,â which stands for Disease- Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs. They also help with joint stiffness, pain, and swelling. Examples include hydroxychloroquine ( Plaquenil), methotrexate, and sulfasalazine ( Azulfidine). It may take about 3 to 6 months for these medicines to work.


Question: Do hot and cold treatments help treat juvenile arthritis?

Answer: It can help to use hot and cold treatments. For instance, a warm compress can loosen up a stiff muscle and an ice pack often reduces swelling and inflammation.


Question: How are nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs taken to treat juvenile rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: They come as a liquid or a pill. People usually take them from one to 4 times a day. Some common NSAIDs are aspirin, ibuprofen, naproxen, and tolmetin.


Question: Do children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis recover?

Answer: Adults who have it usually have symptoms all their lives. But studies show that by adulthood, children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis don't have symptoms anymore. They simply outgrow it.


Question: What biologic drugs are used to treat juvenile rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: â Biologicâ Drugs for Your Immune System These drugs are genetically engineered to work on the immune system. They include adalimumab ( Humira), adalimumab-atto ( Amjevita), a biosimilar to Humira, anakinra ( Kineret), etanercept ( Enbrel), etanercept-szzs ( Ereizi), a biosimilar to Enbrel, infliximab ( Remicade), and infliximab-dyyb ( Inflectra), a biosimilar to Remicade.


Question: Are eye problems linked to juvenile arthritis?

Answer: Eye problems are linked to some forms of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, so keep up with your child's eye tests.


Question: What are corticosteroids and how do they treat juvenile arthritis?

Answer: If You Need Corticosteroids These are strong, anti-inflammatory drugs. Doctors usually prescribe them only if other treatments don't work, or if the condition is severe. This type of steroid isn't the kind that bulks up your muscles.


Question: How do nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs treat juvenile rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: The goals are to: Stop inflammation Ease pain and swelling Strengthen joints and help them move better Prevent joint damage and other complications Medications for juvenile rheumatoid arthritis include: NSAIDS ( Nonsteroidal Anti- Inflammatory Drugs) The medicines can curb pain, fever, and inflammation.


Question: What are the symptoms of flare-ups of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: Flare-ups, times when it gets worse, can last for several weeks. Later on, symptoms may lessen. They include: Fevers of 103 F or higher Pink rash that comes and goes Eye inflammation Joint pain or stiffness Limping Swelling in joints Being less active Trouble with movements of hands or fingers, affecting things like handwriting or coloring Problems with bone development and growth There are three kinds.


Question: What is systemic juvenile rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: It affects much of the body. Doctors may call this form âsystemic.â Signs of this include joint swelling, fever, and a light pink rash. It may involve the heart, liver, spleen, and lymph nodes. A small percentage of children who have it develop arthritis in their joints. They may have severe arthritis that lasts into adulthood.


Question: What medications are used for juvenile rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: The goals are to: Stop inflammation Ease pain and swelling Strengthen joints and help them move better Prevent joint damage and other complications Medications for juvenile rheumatoid arthritis include: NSAIDS ( Nonsteroidal Anti- Inflammatory Drugs) The medicines can curb pain, fever, and inflammation. They come as a liquid or a pill. People usually take them from one to 4 times a day. Some common NSAIDs are aspirin, ibuprofen, naproxen, and tolmetin.


Question: How is juvenile rheumatoid arthritis different from adult rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: Adults who have it usually have symptoms all their lives. But studies show that by adulthood, children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis don't have symptoms anymore. They simply outgrow it.


Question: Should children with juvenile arthritis be active?

Answer: If your child has juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, encourage her to get out there and be active. Avoid contact sports and instead go for things that are not stressful on the joints, like swimming.


Question: What are the treatment goals of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: Treatment usually includes medications along with exercise. The goals are to: Stop inflammation Ease pain and swelling Strengthen joints and help them move better Prevent joint damage and other complications Medications for juvenile rheumatoid arthritis include: NSAIDS ( Nonsteroidal Anti- Inflammatory Drugs) The medicines can curb pain, fever, and inflammation.


Question: What are the side effects of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs used to treat juvenile arthritis?

Answer: Because these are strong drugs, your child will need frequent tests to check for side effects. They can include anemia, low blood count, and kidney and liver problems. Other possible problems could be stomach aches, diarrhea, vomiting, nausea, headaches, rashes, loss of appetite, and weakness.


Question: What are the side effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for juvenile rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: While NSAIDs ease pain and inflammation, they also have side effects. These include stomach pain, nausea, vomiting, headache, and anemia. Sometimes your doctor will give you another stomach-protecting medication to take with the NSAIDs. This will make stomach bleeding less likely.


Question: What other drugs can be used for juvenile rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: If you child does not respond well to NSAIDS, the doctor may prescribe a new drug called Xatmep. Xatmep is the first ready-to-use oral solution formulation of methotrexate to be approved for use in children with polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis. An aggressive therapy, this medicine helps reduce further joint damage and helps preserve joint function. Side effects can include dizziness, fatigue, chills and fever.


Question: How will a doctor diagnose symptoms of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: If a doctor thinks a child may have juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, she will ask about symptoms and the family's medical history. She will give the child a physical exam to look for joint swelling, rashes, signs of internal organ inflammation, and eye problems. She may also take samples of the child's blood and joint fluid, and use X-rays or other tests.


Question: What are the signs of systemic juvenile arthritis?

Answer: Doctors may call this form âsystemic.â Signs of this include joint swelling, fever, and a light pink rash. It may involve the heart, liver, spleen, and lymph nodes. A small percentage of children who have it develop arthritis in their joints. They may have severe arthritis that lasts into adulthood.


Question: Are biologic drugs used to treat juvenile arthritis?

Answer: â Biologicâ Drugs for Your Immune System These drugs are genetically engineered to work on the immune system. They include adalimumab ( Humira), adalimumab-atto ( Amjevita), a biosimilar to Humira, anakinra ( Kineret), etanercept ( Enbrel), etanercept-szzs ( Ereizi), a biosimilar to Enbrel, infliximab ( Remicade), and infliximab-dyyb ( Inflectra), a biosimilar to Remicade.


Question: How is juvenile rheumatoid arthritis diagnosed?

Answer: Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis is often hard to diagnose. Sometimes children who have it do not complain of pain. In fact, parents may not be aware of symptoms.


Question: Is polyarticular juvenile rheumatoid arthritis symmetrical?

Answer: This type of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis is usually symmetrical. That means it affects the same joints on both sides of the body.


Question: Are there various medications for juvenile rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: If You Need Corticosteroids These are strong, anti-inflammatory drugs.


Question: What is the treatment for juvenile arthritis if my child doesn't respond to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs?

Answer: If you child does not respond well to NSAIDS, the doctor may prescribe a new drug called Xatmep. Xatmep is the first ready-to-use oral solution formulation of methotrexate to be approved for use in children with polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis. An aggressive therapy, this medicine helps reduce further joint damage and helps preserve joint function. Side effects can include dizziness, fatigue, chills and fever.


Question: How is juvenile rheumatoid arthritis different than adult rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: Adults who have it usually have symptoms all their lives. But studies show that by adulthood, children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis don't have symptoms anymore. They simply outgrow it.


Question: Are there side effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs used to treat juvenile rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: While NSAIDs ease pain and inflammation, they also have side effects. These include stomach pain, nausea, vomiting, headache, and anemia. Sometimes your doctor will give you another stomach-protecting medication to take with the NSAIDs. This will make stomach bleeding less likely.


Question: What percentage of children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis have polyarticular JRA?

Answer: About 30% of all children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis have this type. It usually affects the small joints, like those in the hands and feet, but it can sometimes involve the large joints.


Question: How are corticosteroids used to treat juvenile rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: They include: Fevers of 103 F or higher Pink rash that comes and goes Eye inflammation Joint pain or stiffness Limping Swelling in joints Being less active Trouble with movements of hands or fingers, affecting things like handwriting or coloring Problems with bone development and growth There are three kinds. Side effects can include dizziness, fatigue, chills and fever. If You Need Corticosteroids These are strong, anti-inflammatory drugs. Doctors usually prescribe them only if other treatments don't work, or if the condition is severe. Examples of steroids include dexamethasone, hydrocortisone, methylprednisolone, prednisolone, and prednisone.


Question: Do children with rheumatoid arthritis fully recover?

Answer: About 30% of all children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis have this type. Treatment usually includes medications along with exercise.


Question: What is pauciarticular juvenile rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: Four or fewer joints are involved. About half of all children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis have this type. It usually affects large joints like the knees. Girls under age 8 are most likely to get it. Lots of children with this condition will outgrow it by adulthood.


Question: What is the cause of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: The inflammation can cause redness, swelling, warmth, and soreness in the joints. Researchers don't know exactly why it happens. But they think it's a two-step process. First, something in a child's genes makes them more likely to get it. Then something else, like a virus, triggers the arthritis itself. This type of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis is usually symmetrical. â Biologicâ Drugs for Your Immune System These drugs are genetically engineered to work on the immune system.


Question: Is weight related to juvenile arthritis?

Answer: They often have a more severe form of the condition. Check with your doctor about which ones are appropriate for children. Others gain too much weight because they have problems being active, or because of side effects from medication. Extra weight is hard on the joints.


Question: Are oral health problems related to juvenile arthritis?

Answer: Dentists can recommend special toothbrushes and floss to help children take care of their mouths. If the lower jaw doesn't develop correctly, it can cause an overbite.


Question: Are there different types of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: Doctors call this pauciarticular JRA. Some children with this type have special proteins in the blood called antinuclear antibodies. If your child has juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, encourage her to get out there and be active.


Question: To help prevent heart disease, what type of exercise should I do?

Answer: Anything that makes your heart beat a bit faster counts. Think about what you need. For instance, if you're looking for something easy on your joints, consider walking and swimming. Don't forget to think about what would be fun, too. Maybe you could do something you used to do or something you've always wanted to try. What's convenient for you is important, too.


Question: To help prevent heart disease, how hard should I work out?

Answer: A cardio workout is moderate if you can talk but not sing. You're exercising vigorously if you can't say more than a few words without taking a breath. Ask your doctor if you should limit the intensity of your exercise. It's much better to start out taking it easier and work up to more challenging workouts. That'll help prevent injury.


Question: To help prevent heart disease, how often and how long should I exercise?

Answer: Regular exercise, especially aerobic exercise, is one of the best things you can do for yourself. If you're not active now, check in with your doctor before you start.


Question: Why should I exercise to help prevent heart disease?

Answer: If you're not active now, check in with your doctor before you start. She'll let you know what you can do safely. If you take any prescription medicines, ask her if you need to adjust them when you start exercising. While the more exercise you can do, the better, any amount is good for you. What's convenient for you is important, too.


Question: Iâm exercising to prevent heart disease. How can I stick with it?

Answer: Ban boredom. Pick a variety of activities that you like. Use music to keep you entertained. Commit. You won't always feel like it, and you'll find all sorts of excuses not to do it. You'll need to make a decision ahead of time and ignore that impulse and exercise anyway. Socialize. Working out is more fun if you have a friend with you. Stay within your budget. Don't buy expensive equipment or health club memberships unless you know you'll use them.


Question: How long will an elimination diet take?

Answer: This method takes several weeks. Don't do it if you've had a severe allergic reaction (called anaphylaxis). If you have, you need to know your trigger food as soon as possible so you can avoid it. Talk with your doctor about that.


Question: What is the goal of an elimination diet?

Answer: Instead, the goal of an elimination diet is to pinpoint food that you might be sensitive to or allergic to.


Question: What are the behaviors of people who engage in self-injury?

Answer: Self injury, also called self-harm, self-mutilation, or simply cutting, is defined as any intentional injury to one's own body. Usually, self-injury leaves marks or causes tissue damage. Self-injury can involve any of the following behaviors: Cutting Burning (or "branding" with hot objects) Excessive body piercing or tattooing Picking at skin or re-opening wounds Hair-pulling (trichotillomania) Head-banging Hitting (with hammer or other object) Bone-breaking Most who engage in self-injury act alone rather than in groups.


Question: What are the signs that a person may be engaging in self-injury?

Answer: The symptoms of self-injury include: Frequent cuts and burns that cannot be explained Self-punching or scratching Needle sticking Head banging Eye pressing Finger or arm biting Pulling out one's hair Picking at one's skin Signs that an individual may be engaging in self-injury include: Wearing of pants and long sleeves in warm weather The appearance of lighters, razors, or sharp objects that one would not expect among a person's belongings Low self-esteem Difficulty handling feelings Relationship problems Poor functioning at work, school, or home If an individual shows signs of self-injury, a mental health professional with self-injury expertise should be consulted.


Question: When should you see your doctor about heartburn while pregnant?

Answer: Or place pillows under your shoulders to help prevent stomach acids from rising into your esophagus. Ask your doctor about using over-the-counter medications such as Tums or Maalox, which are generally safe to use during pregnancy.


Question: How are heartburn and pregnancy linked?

Answer: More than half of all pregnant women report symptoms of severe heartburn, particularly during their second and third trimesters. Heartburn, also called acid indigestion, is an irritation or burning sensation of the esophagus caused by stomach contents that reflux (comes back up) from the stomach.


Question: How can you reduce heartburn during pregnancy?

Answer: To reduce heartburn during pregnancy without hurting your baby, you should try the following: Eat several small meals each day instead of three large ones. Eat slowly. Avoid fried, spicy, or rich (fatty) foods or any foods that seem to cause relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter and increase the risk of heartburn. Drink less while eating. Drinking large amounts while eating may increase the risk of acid reflux and heartburn. Don't lie down directly after eating. Keep the head of your bed higher than the foot of your bed. Or place pillows under your shoulders to help prevent stomach acids from rising into your esophagus. Ask your doctor about using over-the-counter medications such as Tums or Maalox, which are generally safe to use during pregnancy. You may find that liquid heartburn relievers are more effective in treating heartburn, because they coat the esophagus. Wear loose-fitting clothing. Tight-fitting clothes can increase the pressure on your stomach and abdomen. Avoid constipation.


Question: What causes heartburn in pregnancy?

Answer: Pregnancy hormones can cause the lower esophageal sphincter (the muscular valve between the stomach and esophagus) to relax, allowing stomach acids to flow back up into the esophagus. In addition, the enlarged uterus can crowd the abdomen, pushing stomach acids upward. Although it's rare, gallstones can also cause heartburn during pregnancy. Avoid fried, spicy, or rich (fatty) foods or any foods that seem to cause relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter and increase the risk of heartburn.


Question: What do the side effects of chemotherapy for colorectal cancer depend on?

Answer: Several new chemotherapy drugs also are used for the treatment of colorectal cancer that has spread. Because the mechanism of chemotherapy is to kill rapidly dividing cancer cells, it also kills other rapidly dividing healthy cells in our bodies, such as the membranes lining the mouth, the lining of the gastrointestinal tract, the hair follicles, and the bone marrow. Although it may take some time, side effects related to chemotherapy will resolve when chemotherapy is stopped.