Question: What conditions are linked to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)?

Answer: Researchers believe some things you may have breathed in could be linked to IPF. So are some infections, such as the flu, Epstein- Barr virus (which causes mononucleosis), hepatitis, and herpes. These things may increase your risk of the disease, although they are not direct causes. People with IPF may also have gastroesophageal reflux disease ( GERD), also known as acid reflux. Scientists don't know if one disease causes the other, but they suspect that people with GERD may breathe tiny drops of stomach acid into their lungs, which can cause damage over time.


Question: How does idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) change over time?

Answer: There's no cure, and the disease gets worse over time. Cigarette smoking is linked to IPF. For others, the symptoms stay more or less the same for years. Over time, you might get complications like a collapsed lung, infections, blood clots, or pneumonia. In some people, IPF can lead to lung cancer. Nowadays doctors are able to diagnose IPF more quickly than before. And once that happens, they can recommend medications, other treatments, or lifestyle changes that can help you feel better and stay as healthy as possible.


Question: What is cavernous sinus thrombosis?

Answer: In cavernous sinus thrombosis, a blood clot blocks a vein that runs through a hollow space underneath the brain and behind the eye sockets. These veins carry blood from the face and head back to the heart. The cause of cavernous sinus thrombosis is usually an infection. But other factors may play a role. Cavernous sinus thrombosis is a serious condition. It causes death in up to 30% of cases.


Question: What are tests for cavernous sinus thrombosis?

Answer: Doctors may order brain scans, including CT and MRI scans, to look for cavernous sinus thrombosis. They may also test blood or spinal fluid to check for signs of infection.


Question: What are symptoms of cavernous sinus thrombosis?

Answer: Symptoms of cavernous sinus thrombosis may include: Severe headache often accompanied by tearing Swelling, redness, or irritation around one or both eyes Drooping eyelids Inability to move the eye High fever Pain or numbness around the face or eyes Fatigue Vision loss or double vision Seizures Altered mental status that can range from confusion to coma Double vision and seizures are rare.


Question: Who is more likely to get cavernous sinus thrombosis?

Answer: Cavernous sinus thrombosis is more common in people who take certain medications such as oral contraceptives or who have underlying health conditions such as uncontrolled diabetes or cancer that may increase their risk for blood clots.


Question: What are treatments of cavernous sinus thrombosis?

Answer: Doctors may order brain scans, including CT and MRI scans, to look for cavernous sinus thrombosis. Corticosteroid medications may also be used to reduce swelling. Blood thinners are sometimes given. Surgery may be needed to drain the site of the initial infection.


Question: When might you need a barium enema if you think you have irritable bowel syndrome?

Answer: Another way your doctor might want to look at your large intestine is with an X-ray called a lower GI series, or barium enema. For this test, he puts a flexible tube into the rectum and fills the large intestine with barium, a liquid that lights up on X-rays.


Question: When might you need a colonoscopy if you think you have irritable bowel syndrome?

Answer: Your doctor might order a colonoscopy, an exam that looks for polyps in your large intestine. Another option may be a test called a flexible sigmoidoscopy. During both procedures, your doctor puts a narrow, flexible tube with a camera into your rectum. He moves it into your body to examine part or all of the large intestine. During the colonoscopy, he may collect small sections of tissue from the large intestine and examine them under a microscope. It won't show if you have IBS, but you may learn if you've got other conditions like colitis or inflammatory bowel disease.


Question: Will my doctor examine my large intestine to figure out if I have IBS?

Answer: Another way your doctor might want to look at your large intestine is with an X-ray called a lower GI series, or barium enema. For this test, he puts a flexible tube into the rectum and fills the large intestine with barium, a liquid that lights up on X-rays.


Question: Will I need to provide stool samples to my doctor to figure out if I have IBS?

Answer: Finally, you may be asked to save a stool sample to be tested for blood, infection, or parasites. Your doctor will give you a container and instructions on where to send or take the kit for analysis.


Question: Will I need to have a colonoscopy to figure out if I have IBS?

Answer: Your doctor might order a colonoscopy, an exam that looks for polyps in your large intestine. Another option may be a test called a flexible sigmoidoscopy. During both procedures, your doctor puts a narrow, flexible tube with a camera into your rectum. He moves it into your body to examine part or all of the large intestine. During the colonoscopy, he may collect small sections of tissue from the large intestine and examine them under a microscope. It won't show if you have IBS, but you may learn if you've got other conditions like colitis or inflammatory bowel disease.


Question: What are stool samples used for if you think you have irritable bowel syndrome?

Answer: Finally, you may be asked to save a stool sample to be tested for blood, infection, or parasites. Your doctor will give you a container and instructions on where to send or take the kit for analysis.


Question: Will my doctor check to see how well I digest certain foods to figure out if I have IBS?

Answer: For instance, he may check to see if your body isn't able to absorb or digest certain ingredients, like dairy or a simple sugar called fructose. One way to find out is to see if your symptoms get better if you take them out of your diet.


Question: Are there blood tests that can diagnose IBS?

Answer: You've heard of something called IBS -- or irritable bowel syndrome. But scientists are still studying how well the test works when constipation is your chief complaint. There are tests that can help rule them in or out. Your doctor might order a colonoscopy, an exam that looks for polyps in your large intestine.


Question: How is IBS diagnosed?

Answer: And how will your doctor find out? He'll compare that with a set of symptoms known as the Rome IV Criteria. To meet the standard, your belly pain needs to have been a problem for at least 6 months. You also need to have two of these symptoms: Your belly pain is related to a bowel movement. When you have pain or discomfort, your bowel movements are either more or less frequent than usual. Your stools have changed in appearance and are harder or softer than usual when you have pain or discomfort.


Question: How can you know what's causing your stomach problems related to irritable bowel syndrome?

Answer: One way to find out is to see if your symptoms get better if you take them out of your diet. Once you've got a diagnosis, your doctor can start the right treatment and put you on the road to relief.


Question: What other tests may your doctor do to check why you have symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome?

Answer: Your stomach has been feeling crummy for a while now. There are some tests that help figure out what's going on, including a new blood test. One thing to keep in mind: Sometimes the results are inconclusive. For instance, he may check to see if your body isn't able to absorb or digest certain ingredients, like dairy or a simple sugar called fructose. One way to find out is to see if your symptoms get better if you take them out of your diet. You may also need to get a blood test to look for signs of Celiac disease, which happens when your body can't handle gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley, and oats.


Question: Do I have to go through all these tests to find out if I have IBS?

Answer: One way to find out is to see if your symptoms get better if you take them out of your diet. Once you've got a diagnosis, your doctor can start the right treatment and put you on the road to relief.


Question: What are opioids made of?

Answer: You can also benefit from behavioral therapy.


Question: What are the symptoms of opioid dependence?

Answer: You might have symptoms like: Continue Reading Below Anxiety Irritability Craving for the drug Rapid breathing Yawning Runny nose Salivation Goosebumps Nasal stuffiness Muscle aches Vomiting Abdominal cramping Diarrhea Sweating Confusion Enlarged pupils Tremors Loss of appetite While they aren't medically dangerous, these symptoms can be painful and hard to live with.


Question: How can you prevent opioid withdrawal symptoms?

Answer: Your doctor can give you medicines to help prevent withdrawal symptoms, a process called detoxification (detox). The most common ones are buprenorphine ( Buprenex, Butrans, Probuphine), methadone ( Methadose Dolophine), and naltrexone and naltrexone ( Revia).


Question: What side effects do opioids have?

Answer: Man-made versions of morphine produce the other opioids: Fentanyl ( Duragesic) Heroin, a street drug Hydrocodone with acetaminophen ( Lorcet, Lortab, Vicodin) Hydrocodone ( Hysingla ER, Zohydro ER) Hydromorphone ( Dilaudid, Exalgo) Methadone Oxycodone ( Oxy Contin) Oxycodone with acetaminophen ( Percocet) Oxycodone with aspirin ( Percodan) Meperidine ( Demerol) These drugs are generally safe when you take them for a short time, as prescribed by your doctor. But in addition to helping you manage the pain, they can also give you a feeling of well-being or euphoria. And each of those effects could lead you to misuse the drug or take it in a way your doctor didn't intend. You might: Take a higher dose than prescribed Take someone else's prescription, even for a legitimate problem, like pain Take it to get high It's a widespread problem.


Question: What are the symptoms of opioid use disorder (OUD)?

Answer: Your doctor will look for these symptoms if he thinks you have opioid use disorder ( OUD): Using more of the drugs or using them longer than you intended Can't control or cut down use Spend lots of time finding drugs or recovering from use Have a strong desire or urge to use Use despite legal or social problems Stop or cut down important activities Use while doing something dangerous, like driving Use despite physical or mental problems Become tolerant -- need more of the drug or need to take it more often Have withdrawal -- physical symptoms when you try to stop Your condition could be: Mild: 2-3 symptoms Moderate: 4-5 symptoms Severe: 6 or more symptoms If you spot the signs of dependence on the drug or your doctor thinks you have a problem, there is treatment.


Question: What is the long-term outlook for people with opioid disorder?

Answer: Substance abuse disorder is a chronic illness, which means you'll have it for the rest of your life. Most people have a relapse at some point. Some people take the medications that help manage withdrawal symptoms, or other drugs like them, for years.


Question: What determines the length and severity of opioid withdrawl

Answer: In general, the length and harshness of opioid drug withdrawal depends on the drug you are using and the amount you have been taking.


Question: Can behavioral therapy help opioid disorder?

Answer: But in addition to helping you manage the pain, they can also give you a feeling of well-being or euphoria. It can help you: Manage cravings Build healthy habits and thoughts Avoid triggers that could lead to relapse Therapy could be just you as an individual, it could include your entire family, or you could be part of a group with similar issues.


Question: Can cobra venom treat multiple sclerosis?

Answer: Can the cobratoxin in snake venom slow down the immune system and help with MS?


Question: What is Reiki?

Answer: This form of energy healing may help boost your body's ability to heal itself. It often includes light touching.


Question: Should I use alternative treatment plans to treat multiple sclerosis or just medications?

Answer: Your best bet is to stick to your treatment plan. Don't stop taking your medication. Talk to your doctor about any complementary medicine or alternative treatment you want to try, especially since it may affect how your drugs work. Together, you can decide if it makes sense and won't do more harm than good.


Question: Are bees ever used to treat any illnesses like multiple sclerosis?

Answer: Bees don't stand up to 21st-century studies.


Question: Can Reiki effectively treat multiple sclerosis?

Answer: Some people find massage in general can soothe stress and be relaxing, but there are no studies that show Reiki eases MS symptoms. That being said, Reiki is generally safe. And some research shows that it helps ease pain and anxiety for people who have cancer.


Question: Are bees used to safely treat multiple sclerosis?

Answer: Melittin, found in bee venom, supposedly brings down inflammation related to MS. But one study shows that it doesn't. What's more, bee sting therapy could be dangerous if you have a life-threatening reaction to bee venom.


Question: What is the allergic march?

Answer: For some kids, eczema and allergies come in a specific order as they get older. It starts with eczema, then food allergies, asthma, then hay fever. It's called the allergic march. But just because your child has eczema doesn't mean she'll get the above things. It just means there's a higher risk of it happening.


Question: Is eczema in kids linked to allergies and asthma?

Answer: It starts with eczema, then food allergies, asthma, then hay fever.


Question: What is the connection between eczema, allergies, and asthma?

Answer: Doctors used to think eczema was just a sign of an allergic reaction -- your body overreacting to a harmless allergen, like pollen or dander. Now, most agree that eczema is actually a problem with the outer layer of your skin. Instead of working as a barrier, your skin is "leaky" and lets in germs, irritants, or allergens. Most experts don't believe that eczema is purely allergic. Still, they know it's clearly connected to allergic conditions like food allergies, hay fever, and asthma. Up to 80% of kids with eczema get hay fever or asthma later in childhood. Thirty-five percent of adults with asthma or nasal allergies had eczema when they were kids. If a mom has allergies, there's almost a 1 in 3 chance her baby will have eczema. Thirty-seven percent of kids with moderate to severe eczema also have food allergies.


Question: How fast does follicular lymphoma grow?

Answer: Follicular lymphoma is a non- Hodgkin's lymphoma. Many people live disease-free afterward. Your doctor can tell you if one of these trials might be a good fit for you. Your doctor may recommend it if your lymphoma comes back or doesn't respond to chemotherapy.


Question: What causes follicular lymphoma?

Answer: Follicular lymphoma is a non- Hodgkin's lymphoma. Unlike some cancers, they are not passed down in families. In some cases, radiation or cancer-causing chemicals, or certain infections, may be a cause. But other times there is no known cause.


Question: What tests might you get if you have follicular lymphoma?

Answer: Your doctor will take samples of your bone marrow, usually from the back of your hip bone. CT scan, or computed tomography. It's a powerful X-ray that makes detailed pictures inside your body. PET scan . This creates 3- D images by using a radioactive chemical that collects where your cells are very active. The results will help your doctor check which parts of your body are affected and the stage of the lymphoma.


Question: What should I expect before semen analysis?

Answer: Your doctor may ask you not to have sex or masturbate for 2 to 5 days before your test to make sure your sperm count will be as high as possible. However, don't avoid ejaculation for more than 2 weeks before your test. That can result in a sample with sperm that are less active. It's best not to drink alcohol before your semen analysis. You should also tell your doctor about any medications or herbal supplements you're taking. And don't use lubricants when you collect your sample because they can affect how easily your sperm can move around.


Question: What are the results of a semen analysis?

Answer: This will give them a wealth of information, including: How many sperm there are (concentration). A normal sperm count is at least 15 million sperm per milliliter of semen. How your sperm are moving (motility). Your doctor will look at how many sperm are moving and how well they move. The size and shape of your sperm affect their ability to fertilize an egg.


Question: What should I expect if I need to give a semen sample for testing?

Answer: Normally, you ejaculate into a collection cup in a private room at your doctor's office. Sometimes you can collect your sample at home, though you have to keep it at room temperature and get it to your doctor or lab within 1 hour. Some doctors can provide you with a special condom that collects your semen during sex. You will need to provide another sample within 2 to 3 weeks.


Question: When should you call your pediatrician for a 4-month-old with a fever?

Answer: The child is younger than 3 months old with a rectal temperature of 100.4 F or higher.


Question: When should you call 911 for a fever in children?

Answer: Is limp or unresponsive Is having trouble breathing Is vomiting and has a headache or a stiff neck Has blue lips or skin Has a rash that looks like bruises and the bruises don't go white when pressed Has a seizure var s_context; s_context= s_context || {}; s_context['wb.modimp'] = 'vidfloat'; if(webmd.useragent && webmd.useragent.ua.type === 'desktop'){ webmd.ads2.disable Initial Load(); webmd.ads2.disable Ads Init = true; $(function() { webmd.p.pim.increment(); $('.responsive-video-container').insert After('.module-social-share-container'); require(['video2/1/responsive-player/video-loader'], function(video Loader) { video Loader.init({ autoplay: webmd.useragent.ua.type === 'desktop' && !


Question: When should you call the doctor about your child's fever?

Answer: You think the child needs medical attention. The child is younger than 3 months old with a rectal temperature of 100.4 F or higher. The child is 3 to 6 months old with a temperature of 101 F or higher or has had any fever for more than one day. The child is older than 6 months and younger than a year with a temperature of 103 F or higher or has had any fever more than one day. The child is 1 to 2 years old with a high fever lasting more than 24 hours. The child is any age with a temperature of 104 F or higher. The soft spot on the child's skull is bulging. The child vomits repeatedly or has severe diarrhea. The child has signs of dehydration, such as not wetting diapers, crying without tears, dry mouth or mucous membranes, or sunken soft spot. The fever triggers a seizure. The child has a fever and a rash. Your child is at special risk for serious infections. This includes children with blood or immune disorders, or any child who has not received the routine immunizations.


Question: What should you do if temperature is below 102 degrees for a 4-month-old or older who has been immunized?

Answer: The child is 3 to 6 months old with a temperature of 101 F or higher or has had any fever for more than one day. The child has a fever and a rash.


Question: How should you take the temperature of a 4-month-old or older who has been immunized?

Answer: For a child under 4 or 5 months, use a rectal thermometer to get an accurate reading. If the child is 6 months old or older, you can use an ear or temporal artery thermometer, but this may not be as accurate. Still, under most circumstances, it's a reasonable way to get a good enough estimate. If it's essential that you get an accurate reading, take a rectal temperature. If you take the child's temperature in the armpit, a reading above 100.4 F usually indicates a fever.


Question: What should you do if temperature is above 102 degrees but below 105 degrees for a 4-month-old or older who has been immunized?

Answer: Bathing or sponging the child with lukewarm water may help bring down a fever. Do not use cold water, ice baths, or alcohol. Do not give any medicine unless discussed first with the doctor, Rectal. For a child over 4 or 5 months, you can use an oral or pacifier thermometer. Call your pediatrician to see if you need to bring your child in to see the doctor.


Question: How should you take the temperature for a 4-month-old with a fever?

Answer: If it is higher than 99 F, then double check it rectally using a rectal thermometer to get the most accurate reading. If you take the child's temperature in the armpit, a reading above 100.4 F usually indicates a fever.


Question: What are examples of vasodilators?

Answer: Examples of vasodilators include: Apresoline Dilatrate- SR Imdur Ismo Isordil Sorbitrate Follow the label to find out how often you should take them.


Question: When should you call your doctor about side effects of vasodilators?

Answer: If you get any of these, contact your doctor right away: Fever Joint or chest pain Sore throat Skin rash (especially on the face) Unusual bleeding or bruising Weight gain Swelling of the ankles While taking them, have your blood pressure checked regularly.


Question: What are the side effects of vasodilators?

Answer: Headache ; rapid, irregular, or pounding heartbeat; numbness or tingling of the fingers or toes; lightheadedness or passing out; loss of appetite; and diarrhea : Your doctor probably will prescribe more medicine to control these. If they linger or are severe, talk to your doctor. Upset stomach , flushing of face or neck: Call your doctor if these side effects hang around or get serious.


Question: What are vasodilators?

Answer: They're used to treat heart failure and control high blood pressure because they cause your blood vessels to relax so that all-important fluid can flow more easily through your body. Keep all appointments with your medical team so they can see if the medicine is working.


Question: Can I still eat during the holidays if I am diabetic?

Answer: Holiday eating is difficult for most people with chronic health problems. If you have diabetes, you need to plan and prioritize the foods you enjoy so you don't feel deprived.


Question: Can I still travel, work, etc. if I have diabetes?

Answer: By learning some simple steps to help you navigate the holiday buffet table safely, you can keep your blood sugar at healthy levels and enjoy the food and friendships during the holidays.


Question: How can I manage my diabetes if I am sick?

Answer: Your doctor may ask you to take more insulin. Drink plenty of fluids. Check for ketones if your blood sugars are above 240 mg/d L (or as your doctor recommends). If ketones are found in your urine in mild to moderate levels or if they continue elevated for more than 12 hours, call your doctor. Check your temperature regularly. Don't stop taking your insulin, even if you cannot eat solid foods. People with type 2 diabetes who are on oral drugs may need to stop taking their medications when sick. Always check with your doctor to see what's best for your situation. Call your doctor if your blood sugar stays higher than 180 mg/d L or lower than 70 mg/d L, you have abdominal pain or vomiting and diarrhea, or have a fever for more than one day.


Question: Can I travel if I am diabetic?

Answer: Holiday eating is difficult for most people with chronic health problems. If you have diabetes, you need to plan and prioritize the foods you enjoy so you don't feel deprived.


Question: How can you protect yourself to prevent allergy symptoms?

Answer: So cleaning is an important step in controlling your allergy and asthma triggers. Most pollen peaks between 5 a.m. and 10 a.m. each day, and can also be high around midday when it's warm and windy. And anytime you garden or clean the garage, wear a dust mask and sunglasses to keep allergens out of your nose, mouth, and eyes.


Question: What are the side effects of treatment for syphilis?

Answer: If you do spread the STD to your fetus or newborn, it can be very serious and lead to: Stillbirth (the baby is born dead) Birth defects Infant death Cataracts Deafness Seizures After getting a penicillin injection or taking other antibiotics, you may experience: Fever Headaches Joint or muscle pain All of the above, plus nausea and chills If you do have side effects, they typically only last about 24 hours. Once you've completed your treatment, the antibiotics will kill the bacteria that cause syphilis and prevent any additional problems from occurring because of that particular case. But it's important to understand that the treatment can't reverse or heal damage that you've already experienced.


Question: Will syphilis treatment work if I'm pregnant?

Answer: If you're expecting, it's especially important to seek treatment because you could pass the disease on to your fetus or newborn. Again, your doctor will give you penicillin. If you're allergic to it, your doctor will have you go through a special process to enable you to take the antibiotic. If you do spread the STD to your fetus or newborn, it can be very serious and lead to: Stillbirth (the baby is born dead) Birth defects Infant death Cataracts Deafness Seizures After getting a penicillin injection or taking other antibiotics, you may experience: Fever Headaches Joint or muscle pain All of the above, plus nausea and chills If you do have side effects, they typically only last about 24 hours.


Question: What is the treatment for syphilis?

Answer: The recommended treatment at all stages of this disease is the antibiotic penicillin. If you've been infected for less than a year, you may need just one injection of penicillin to be cured. But you may need more doses if you've had syphilis for more than a year. There are no over-the-counter medications or home remedies that will cure syphilis -- only antibiotics can do that.


Question: What should you know about treating syphilis?

Answer: First, the bad news: If you allow the disease to go untreated for several years, it can damage your heart, blood vessels, brain, and nervous system. Syphilis can cause blindness or paralysis. It increases your chances of getting and spreading HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. Over time, it can damage your organs and even lead to death. And, of course, if you're not treated, you'll likely spread the STD to your sexual partner. The good news: It's easily treated and curable in its early stages.


Question: How can nerve entrapment syndromes cause tingling hands and feet?

Answer: The remaining 40% of cases have a variety of causes such as: Nerve entrapment syndromes. These include carpal tunnel syndrome, ulnar nerve palsy, peroneal nerve palsy, and radial nerve palsy.


Question: What are the treatments for tingling hands and feet?

Answer: An electromyogram ( EMG), a test of the electrical activity of muscle Nerve conduction velocity ( NCV) Other tests may include: Computed tomography ( CT) Magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI) Nerve biopsy Skin biopsy to look at nerve fiber endings Successful treatment depends on an accurate diagnosis and treatment of the underlying cause of the tingling. As long as the peripheral nerve cells have not been killed, they have the ability to regenerate. Although no treatments are available for inherited types of peripheral neuropathy, many of the acquired types can be improved with treatment. For example, good blood sugar control in diabetes can slow the progression of diabetic neuropathy; vitamin supplementation can correct peripheral neuropathy in people with vitamin deficiencies.


Question: How can systemic diseases cause tingling hands and feet?

Answer: These include kidney disorders, liver disease, vascular damage and blood diseases, amyloidosis, connective tissue disorders and chronic inflammation, hormonal imbalances (including hypothyroidism), and cancers and benign tumors that impinge on nerves.


Question: What tests are used to diagnose tingling hands and feet?

Answer: He or she also may perform additional tests such as: Blood tests. These can include tests to detect diabetes, vitamin deficiencies, liver or kidney dysfunction, other metabolic disorders, and signs of abnormal immune system activity. An examination of cerebrospinal fluid. This can identify antibodies associated with peripheral neuropathy. An electromyogram ( EMG), a test of the electrical activity of muscle Nerve conduction velocity ( NCV) Other tests may include: Computed tomography ( CT) Magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI) Nerve biopsy Skin biopsy to look at nerve fiber endings Successful treatment depends on an accurate diagnosis and treatment of the underlying cause of the tingling.


Question: What causes tingling in the hands and feet?

Answer: In diabetic neuropathy, tingling and other symptoms often first develop in both feet and go up the legs, followed by tingling and other symptoms that affect both hands and go up the arms. About two-thirds of people with diabetes have mild to severe forms of nerve damage. In many cases, these symptoms are the first signs of diabetes. In another 30% of peripheral neuropathy cases, the cause is unknown or "idiopathic."


Question: What are general lifestyle recommendations for tingling hands and feet?

Answer: Toxins.


Question: How can an injury cause tingling hands and feet?

Answer: Often related to trauma, nerves can be compressed, crushed, or damaged, resulting in nerve pain. Examples include nerve compression caused by a herniated disc or dislocated bone.


Question: How common is it to get tingling hands and feet?

Answer: Such nerve damage is known as peripheral neuropathy because it affects nerves distant from the brain and spinal cord, often in the hands and feet. There are more than 100 different types of peripheral neuropathy. Over time, peripheral neuropathy can worsen, resulting in decreased mobility and even disability. More than 20 million Americans, most of them older adults, are estimated to have peripheral neuropathy.


Question: Can drugs treat tingling hands and feet?

Answer: In some cases, tingling and other symptoms of peripheral neuropathy may be reduced with prescriptions originally developed for treating seizures and depression.


Question: What does it mean if I have tingling in my hands and feet?

Answer: In either case, the "pins and needles" effect -- which is usually painless -- is soon relieved by removing the pressure that caused it. !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } In many cases, however, tingling in the hands, feet, or both can be severe, episodic, or chronic. It also can accompany other symptoms. such as pain, itching, numbness, and muscle wasting. In such cases, tingling may be a sign of nerve damage, which can result from causes as varied as traumatic injuries or repetitive stress injuries, bacterial or viral infections, toxic exposures, and systemic diseases such as diabetes. Such nerve damage is known as peripheral neuropathy because it affects nerves distant from the brain and spinal cord, often in the hands and feet. It's important to seek prompt medical evaluation for any persistent tingling in your hands, feet, or both.


Question: How are tingling hands and feet diagnosed?

Answer: It's important to seek prompt medical evaluation for any persistent tingling in your hands, feet, or both. He or she also may perform additional tests such as: Blood tests.


Question: Do I need to see a doctor about tingling hands and feet?

Answer: Tingling hands, feet, or both is an extremely common and bothersome symptom. An electromyogram ( EMG), a test of the electrical activity of muscle Nerve conduction velocity ( NCV) Other tests may include: Computed tomography ( CT) Magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI) Nerve biopsy Skin biopsy to look at nerve fiber endings Successful treatment depends on an accurate diagnosis and treatment of the underlying cause of the tingling.


Question: How can alcoholism cause tingling hands and feet?

Answer: Vitamin deficiencies. Alcoholism.


Question: Should I tell my doctor if I have any conditions prior to Novantrone treatment?

Answer: If you have any concerns or questions, discuss them with your doctor. * Patients who have or have had heart disease or cancer treatment should not take Novantrone. Serious side affects could result. Your doctor should thoroughly check for warning signs before beginning your treatment with Novantrone.


Question: What can I expect after Novantrone treatment?

Answer: Because Novantrone suppresses your immune system (the body's system for fighting illness), you will have an increased risk of infection after treatment. It's important to avoid contact with people who are sick. You should avoid being vaccinated with a live vaccine while being treated with this drug.


Question: What is novantrone and how does it treat multiple sclerosis?

Answer: Because Novantrone suppresses your immune system (the body's system for fighting illness), you will have an increased risk of infection after treatment. Call your doctor immediately if you have any of the following symptoms: Fever Chills Sore throat or cough Sores on lips or in mouth Shortness of breath Stomach pain Vomiting Diarrhea Painful or difficult urination Uneven or rapid heartbeat Swollen feet or ankles Unusual bleeding or bruising Pain, swelling, redness, or irritation at the injection site In addition to the possible side effects listed above, other side effects that often go away as your body adjusts to Novantrone include: A blue-green color of urine for 24 hours after receiving Novantrone.


Question: How do you treat depression?

Answer: Treatment choices for depression depend on how serious the illness is. Major depressive disorder is treated with psychotherapy (counseling, or talk therapy with a psychologist, psychiatrist, or licensed counselor), medications, or a combination of the two. The most effective treatment for depression is often a combination of psychotherapy and medication. Drugs tend to work more quickly to decrease symptoms while psychotherapy helps people learn coping strategies to prevent the onset of future depressive symptoms.


Question: How are sleep and depression linked?

Answer: An inability to sleep, or insomnia, can be one of the signs of depression (a small percentage of depressed people, approximately 15%, oversleep or sleep too much). Lack of sleep alone cannot cause depression, but it does play a role. Lack of sleep caused by another medical illness or by personal problems can make depression worse. An inability to sleep that lasts over a long period of time is also an important clue that someone may be depressed.


Question: What can help you sleep if you have depression?

Answer: Psychotherapy can also address coping skills to improve a person's ability to fall asleep. In addition to trying medications, here are some tips to improve sleep: Learn relaxation or mindfulness-based meditation and deep-breathing techniques. Clear your head of concerns by writing a list of activities that need to be completed the next day and tell yourself you will think about it tomorrow. Get regular exercise, no later than a few hours before bedtime. Don't use caffeine, alcohol, or nicotine in the evening. Don't lie in bed tossing and turning. Get out of bed and do something in another room when you can't sleep. Go back to bed when you are feeling drowsy. Use the bed only for sleeping and sexual activity. Don't lie in bed to watch TV or read.


Question: How can sedative-hypnotics help with treating depression?

Answer: However, there are several types of depressive disorders. Treatment choices for depression depend on how serious the illness is. Medications used to treat depression include antidepressants such as: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors ( SSRIs), like Zoloft, Prozac, Celexa and Paxil; these medications can perform double duty for patients by helping them sleep and elevating their mood, though some people taking these drugs may have trouble sleeping. There are other types of sleep aids in addition to hypnotics, including benzodiazepines like Halcion, Ativan, and Restoril.


Question: What medications are used to treat depression?

Answer: Lack of sleep caused by another medical illness or by personal problems can make depression worse. Medications used to treat depression include antidepressants such as: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors ( SSRIs), like Zoloft, Prozac, Celexa and Paxil; these medications can perform double duty for patients by helping them sleep and elevating their mood, though some people taking these drugs may have trouble sleeping. Tricyclic antidepressants (including Pamelor and Elavil) Serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors ( SNRIs) like Effexor, Pristiq, Khedezla, Fetzima, or Cymbalta, that affect the functioning of brain circuits involved in mood regulation that communicate using chemicals such as serotonin and norepinephrine Novel antidepressants such as bupropion ( Wellbutrin) Some of the most effective types of psychotherapy for depression are cognitive-behavioral therapy and interpersonal therapy.


Question: Who should you talk to if you or your loved one has clinical depression and a life-threatening illness?

Answer: If you see these signs in a loved one, or find that you're experiencing them yourself, it's important to talk with your doctor or someone else on your care team about them. Get immediate medical help if you or a loved one is having thoughts of suicide. Clinical depression in someone who is dying can be treated.


Question: Are people with life-threatening illnesses more likely to be depressed?

Answer: True, people facing a serious illness are more likely than healthy people to suffer depression or anxiety. One study of terminally ill cancer patients, for example, found that at least 17% were clinically depressed. Other research points to even higher numbers of people with terminal illness meeting the criteria for major depression.


Question: What are signs you or your loved one may have clinical depression due to a life-threatening illness?

Answer: Here are some of the signs that you or your loved one may be experiencing clinical depression: You don't feel like doing the activities you normally enjoy, even if they are things you can still physically do. Even when you do participate in things you once enjoyed, you find that you are getting little pleasure out of them. You have major changes in sleeping or eating habits -- sleeping or eating much more, or much less, than usual. ( These symptoms can sometimes be the side effects of certain medications or treatments.) You withdraw from your friends and family. You think or talk seriously about suicide.


Question: If you have life-threatening illness, why is talking about it important?

Answer: Much anxiety near the end of life may stem from not talking. Both the dying person and the people around the dying person are often reluctant to talk about what is happening because of how they think doing so will affect the other. Your palliative care team can help the family talk calmly and not be alarmist about the process, dispelling a lot of the anxiety and making it easier on everyone.


Question: How can clinical depression be treated?

Answer: The most effective treatments for clinical depression usually combine short-term psychotherapy with antidepressant medications as needed.


Question: What if you are feeling grief and anxiety rather than depression from a life-threatening illness?

Answer: In this case you might not need medications for anxiety or depression, but that doesn't mean your care team can't help. The social worker and other members of the palliative care team can answer questions, work with you through talk therapy, and help you live as well as you are able for as long as you can.


Question: What is true clinical depression due to a life-threatening illness?

Answer: Experts point out that it's perfectly natural to feel scared, sad, and anxious about death and the dying process. True clinical depression, however, goes beyond this usual sadness and anxiety. ( These symptoms can sometimes be the side effects of certain medications or treatments.)


Question: How is central pain syndrome treated?

Answer: Central pain syndrome is characterized by a mixture of pain sensations, the most prominent being a constant burning.


Question: What are symptoms of central pain syndrome?

Answer: The steady burning sensation is sometimes increased by light touch. Pain also increases in the presence of temperature changes, most often cold temperatures. A loss of sensation can occur in affected areas, most prominently on distant parts of the body, such as the hands and feet. There may be brief, intolerable bursts of sharp pain on occasion.


Question: What does a low CO2 level in a bicarbonate blood test mean?

Answer: A normal result is between 23 and 29 mmol/ L. A low CO2 level can be a sign of several conditions, including: Kidney disease Diabetic ketoacidosis, which happens when your body's blood acid level goes up because it doesn't have enough insulin to digest sugars Metabolic acidosis, which means your body makes too much acid Addison's disease, a rare condition that affects the hormone-producing adrenal glands Ethylene glycol poisoning. This sweet-tasting chemical is in antifreeze, detergents, paints, and other household products. Aspirin overdose High CO2 in blood may point to: Lung diseases like COPD, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Dehydration Anorexia Adrenal gland problems, such as Cushing's syndrome or Conn's syndrome


Question: What nonprescription meds help with back pain?

Answer: Ibuprofen ( Advil, Nuprin, Motrin) or naproxen ( Aleve) are excellent medications for the short-term treatment of low back pain. Because of the risk of ulcers and gastrointestinal bleeding, talk with your doctor before using these medications, especially if you have any medical problems or take any other medicines. Acetaminophen can also be effective in relieving pain. Topical agents such as âdeep heating rubsâ may provide relief for some people. Some people seem to benefit from the use of ice or heat.


Question: What are some basic tips for taking care of back pain at home?

Answer: General recommendations are to gradually increase your activity to tolerance as soon as possible. Bed rest is usually not advised for more than a day or two. Stretching or activities that place additional strain on the back are also discouraged.


Question: Is bed rest good for caring for back pain?

Answer: Most experts agree that prolonged bed rest is associated with a longer recovery period. Further, people on bed rest are more likely to develop depression, blood clots in the legs, and decreased muscle tone. Very few experts recommend more than a 48-hour period of decreased activity or bed rest. In other words, get up and get moving to the extent you can.


Question: What are other ways to combat fatigue from prostate cancer?

Answer: Other ways to combat fatigue include: Maintaining good nutrition; extra B vitamins seem to help lessen fatigue during radiation treatments.


Question: What factors contribute to fatigue related to prostate cancer?

Answer: More than one cancer treatment at the same time or one after the other increases the chances of developing fatigue. Several other factors could contribute to fatigue, including: Tumor cells compete for nutrients, often at the expense of the normal cells' growth. Decreased nutrition from the side effects of treatments (such as nausea, vomiting, mouth sores, taste changes, heartburn, or diarrhea) can also cause fatigue. Cancer treatments, specifically chemotherapy, can cause reduced blood counts, which may lead to anemia, a blood disorder that occurs when the blood cannot adequately transport oxygen through the body. When tissues don't get enough oxygen, fatigue can result. Medicines used to treat side effects such as nausea, pain, depression, anxiety, and seizures can also cause fatigue. Research shows that chronic, severe pain increases fatigue. Stress can worsen feelings of fatigue. Stress can result from dealing with the disease and the "unknowns," as well as from worrying about daily tasks or trying to meet others' needs. Fatigue may result when you try to maintain your normal daily routines and activities during treatments. Modifying your schedule and activities can help conserve energy. Depression and fatigue often go hand-in-hand. It may not be clear which started first. One way to sort this out is to try to understand your depressed feelings and how they affect your life. If you are depressed all the time, were depressed before your cancer diagnosis, or are preoccupied with feeling worthless and useless, you may need treatment for depression.


Question: What is fatigue related to prostate cancer?

Answer: It is not predictable by tumor type, treatment, or stage of illness. Usually, it comes on suddenly, does not result from activity or exertion, and is not relieved by rest or sleep. It may continue even after treatment is complete. Getting moderate exercise on a regular basis Learning to manage stress Although cancer-related fatigue is a common, and often an expected side effect of cancer and its treatments, you should feel free to mention your concerns to your health care providers.


Question: What can you do to combat fatigue from prostate cancer?

Answer: Some treatments may help improve fatigue caused by an underactive thyroid or anemia. Other causes of fatigue must be managed on an individual basis. Fatigue may be a clue to an underlying medical problem. Other times, there may be treatments to help control some of the causes of fatigue.


Question: How can you conserve energy to help with fatigue from prostate cancer?

Answer: You can conserve your energy in several ways. Here are some suggestions: Plan ahead and organize your work. Schedule rest. Balance periods of rest and work. Practice proper body mechanics. Limit work that requires reaching over your head. Limit work that increases muscle tension. Identify the effects of your environment. Prioritize your activities.


Question: Can artificial nails cause allergic reactions?

Answer: Issues you should watch for include: Allergic reaction: The chemicals used to attach or remove artificial nails can irritate your skin. You may see redness, pus, or swelling around your fingernails.


Question: What are some safety tips for using artificial nails?

Answer: If you've had nail fungus before, stay away from artificial nails. Don't use them to cover up nail problems. Get nails that can be soaked off instead of filed off. Ask your manicurist not to cut or push back the cuticles too much. They help guard against infections. Pick a salon that hardens gel polish with LED lights, which have smaller amounts of UV light. Apply a broad-spectrum ( UVA/ UVB) sunscreen to your hands before you go under the lights. Use cream moisturizer on your nails, especially after you soak them in acetone. Take a break from artificial nails every couple of months.


Question: Can artificial nails weaken your natural nails?

Answer: This chemical is very drying to your real nails and can irritate your skin. Some artificial nails must be filed off. That can make your natural nails thin, brittle, and weak. Use cream moisturizer on your nails, especially after you soak them in acetone.


Question: Is stem cell therapy approved to treat heart failure?

Answer: It's not approved to treat heart failure, yet. You can get it through a clinical trial. That's when the research moves from the lab to the hospital to see if a treatment is safe and if it works. If you want to try stem cell therapy, ask your doctors if there are studies that may be a good fit for you.


Question: How are stem cells used to treat heart failure?

Answer: Doctors are testing several different methods of giving people stem cells: Intramyocardial injection: Cells go right into the heart muscle, usually during another procedure like open-heart surgery, bypass surgery, or implanting a pacemaker. Intracoronary infusion: A catheter puts cells into your coronary artery. It goes into a large blood vessel in your groin and threaded through your heart. Intravenously: Cells go right into the bloodstream through a needle placed in a vein.


Question: How can I find a right nursing home?

Answer: They often include: Room and board Help with medication Personal care (including dressing, bathing, and using the toilet) 24-hour emergency care Social and recreational activities It takes time to research them and find one you like. So start your search for one long before you'll need to move to a facility. You may have to get on a waiting list, especially if you're using government funding such as Medicaid. Also, if you plan ahead, you can make the transition of moving much easier.


Question: Should I talk with other about the services I'll need for a nursing home?

Answer: Talk with your family and caregivers about the services you'll need. Think about the ones that are important to you before you start calling different nursing homes.


Question: What is Medicaid?

Answer: This is a joint federal/state health insurance program that provides medical care benefits to low-income Americans who qualify. The program covers nursing home care, but eligibility and covered services vary a lot from state to state.


Question: What questions about food service should I ask about a nursing home

Answer: Food Service How often does the center provide meals? What's a typical menu? Are there set meal times? Is the food hot and appetizing? Are snacks available? What if residents need special foods? Is it easy to get to drinking water from anywhere in the facility? Are there group dining areas, or do residents eat meals in their rooms? Are there staff who can assist residents who need help with eating?


Question: What questions should I look for in the facility of a nursing home?

Answer: Facility Does the nursing home offer the level of care you need, such as skilled care? Does it meet local or state licensing requirements? Does the administrator have an up-to-date license? What are the visiting hours? What's the policy on insurance and personal property? How does the staff respond to a medical emergency?


Question: What is private long-term care insurance?

Answer: You can purchase this health insurance option to supplement Medicare coverage. Private long-term care insurance policies vary greatly. Each has its own rules for eligibility, restrictions, costs, and benefits.


Question: What questions about medication and health care should I ask about a nursing home?

Answer: Medication and Health Care What is the policy on storing medication and helping residents take it? Can residents take their meds themselves? Who coordinates visits from physical, occupational, or speech therapists? Does a doctor or nurse visit the resident regularly to give checkups?


Question: What services do nursing homes offer?

Answer: They often include: Room and board Help with medication Personal care (including dressing, bathing, and using the toilet) 24-hour emergency care Social and recreational activities It takes time to research them and find one you like.


Question: What are the two types of care provided at nursing homes?

Answer: You may reach a point when you need a lot of extra help to take care of yourself and everyday tasks. Skilled care includes help from trained health professionals, like a registered nurse, physical therapists, occupational therapists, and respiratory therapists.


Question: What questions should I ask myself when deciding a nursing home?

Answer: How often do I need help? Before you schedule a visit to the nursing homes that interest you, ask about vacancies, admission requirements, the level of care they offer, and if they accept government-funded health insurance options. How often do they assess residents?


Question: How can I pay for a nursing home?

Answer: Talk with your family and caregivers about the services you'll need. Not all facilities accept each form of payment, so it's important to ask the staff which options they take when you're researching nursing homes. Medicaid.


Question: What are your chances of getting autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) if one parent has the disease?

Answer: That's why this kind of PKD is called âautosomal dominant,â meaning only one parent has to pass on a broken gene. If one parent has the disease, each child has a 50-50 chance of getting it. You can get ADPKD even if neither of your parents had the disease. This happens when one of your PKD genes gets a defect on its own. But it's rare for someone to get it this way.


Question: What happens if your cysts from autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) grow big enough to damage your kidneys?

Answer: Other signs that you have ADPKD include: Pain in your back or sides, often because of a burst cyst, a kidney stone, or a urinary tract infection Blood in your pee Swelling in your belly as the cysts grow Over time, cysts may grow big enough to damage your kidneys, and for some people, can cause them to fail. If that happens, you may have: Fatigue The need to pee often Irregular periods Nausea Shortness of breath Swollen ankles, hands, and feet Erectile dysfunction If your doctor thinks there's a problem with your kidneys, she may want you see a nephrologist, a specialist who treats kidney diseases.


Question: What is autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD)?

Answer: That can cause health problems like high blood pressure, infections, and kidney stones. It can also cause kidney failure, although that doesn't happen to everyone. You can have ADPKD and not know it for many years. It's often called âadult PKD,â because the symptoms don't usually appear until people reach ages 30 to 40. But over time, ADPKD can start to damage your kidneys. Other signs that you have ADPKD include: Pain in your back or sides, often because of a burst cyst, a kidney stone, or a urinary tract infection Blood in your pee Swelling in your belly as the cysts grow Over time, cysts may grow big enough to damage your kidneys, and for some people, can cause them to fail. What can I do to keep my kidneys working?


Question: What causes autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD)?

Answer: A problem with either gene causes kidney cells to grow out of control and form cysts. This happens when one of your PKD genes gets a defect on its own. People with a defect in the PKD1 gene tend to get kidney failure before those with a problem in PKD2.


Question: How can you prevent the complications of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD)?

Answer: Depending on the type of ADPKD you have, you can lead an active life for many years by managing your symptoms and working with your doctor. There's not a cure, but scientists are doing research to look for new treatments. Exercise can help control your weight and blood pressure.


Question: Can moisturizer help venous stasis dermatitis?

Answer: A moisturizer can help with dry skin and keep the area soft. Choose one that has no fragrance, dyes, or perfumes so it doesn't irritate your skin. Petroleum jelly and thick creams can be good options.


Question: What are ways to get fluid moving in your legs?

Answer: Because circulation is the main issue, your doctor may suggest surgery to repair your veins. Whether or not that is an option, there are other ways to get the fluid moving in your legs: Wear compression stockings. They ease swelling and improve blood flow. Keep your feet elevated above your heart. When you can, do it for 15 minutes every 2 hours and while you sleep. Don't stand still for too long. Walk around often.


Question: What are other symptoms of venous stasis dermatitis?

Answer: Other symptoms can include: The skin around or above your ankles looks reddish, yellowish, or a brown color Varicose veins, which look twisted, bulging, and dark purple or blue Itching Pain Sores that ooze, crust, or look scaly Thickened skin around your ankles or shins Hair loss on ankles or shins The condition often affects people who have circulation problems.


Question: What are some conditions that make you more likely to get venous stasis dermatitis?

Answer: Some conditions that make you more likely to get venous stasis dermatitis include: High blood pressure Varicose veins Being very overweight Heart conditions such as congestive heart failure Kidney failure A blood clot, especially in your leg Many pregnancies Past surgery or injury in the area You also may be more likely to have it if you usually stand or sit for long periods of time or you don't get much exercise.


Question: How can you treat pain, redness, or swelling from venous stasis dermatitis?

Answer: To treat pain, redness, or swelling, your doctor may give you a steroid or other medicine to rub on your ankles and legs. An antihistamine pill or cream might help if your legs are itchy. You might need to wrap the area with a medicated dressing to help it heal. If you have an infection, your doctor will prescribe an antibiotic pill or cream.


Question: What is venous stasis dermatitis?

Answer: The veins in your legs have one-way valves that help blood move through. Take care of your skin.


Question: What causes venous stasis dermatitis?

Answer: Venous stasis dermatitis happens when there's a problem with your veins, usually in your lower legs, that keeps blood from moving through very well. Their job is to push blood up your legs. As you get older or have other health problems, the valves may not work like they should. This is called venous insufficiency.


Question: What foods are rich in beta carotene and other carotenoids?

Answer: Beta-carotene and other carotenoids: apricots, asparagus, beets, broccoli, cantaloupe, carrots, corn, green peppers, kale, mangoes, turnip and collard greens, nectarines, peaches, pink grapefruit, pumpkin, squash, spinach, sweet potato, tangerines, tomatoes, and watermelon Vitamin C: berries, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cantaloupe, cauliflower, grapefruit, honeydew, kale, kiwi, mango, nectarine, orange, papaya, snow peas, sweet potato, strawberries, tomatoes, and red, green, or yellow peppers Vitamin E: broccoli (boiled), avocado, chard, mustard and turnip greens, mangoes, nuts, papaya, pumpkin, red peppers, spinach (boiled), and sunflower seeds These foods are also rich in antioxidants: Prunes Apples Raisins Plums Red grapes Alfalfa sprouts Onions Eggplant Beans Other antioxidants that can help keep you healthy include: Zinc: oysters, red meat, poultry, beans, nuts, seafood, whole grains, some fortified cereals (check the ingredients to see if zinc has been added), and dairy products Selenium : Brazil nuts, tuna, beef, poultry, fortified breads, and other grain products Cooking tip: To get the biggest benefits of antioxidants, eat these foods raw or lightly steamed.


Question: Do beta carotene supplements help treat heart disease?

Answer: There's also no proof that beta-carotene supplements can fight heart disease. Some studies show that people who smoke or drink heavily and take beta-carotene supplements are actually more likely to get it.


Question: Do antioxidant supplements help prevent heart disease?

Answer: If you're thinking about taking supplements, keep in mind they don't offer the same benefits as the antioxidants you get from food. The U. S. Preventive Services Task Force ( USPSTF) says there's not enough evidence to show that multivitamins or mineral supplements can lower the odds of getting heart disease.


Question: Do vitamin E supplements help prevent heart disease?

Answer: You can get the same vitamin in foods such as nuts, leafy greens, seed oils, and fortified cereals. There's also no proof that beta-carotene supplements can fight heart disease. Some studies show that people who smoke or drink heavily and take beta-carotene supplements are actually more likely to get it. The USPSTF recommends against taking beta-carotene or vitamin E supplements if your goal is to prevent heart disease.


Question: Where can you get antioxidants for your heart?

Answer: You'll get plenty from fruits, veggies, whole grains, beans, legumes, and nuts. You'll also get fiber and great taste. That's a win-win plan. If you're thinking about taking supplements, keep in mind they don't offer the same benefits as the antioxidants you get from food.


Question: What does the United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommend for antioxidants supplements for heart disease?

Answer: The USPSTF recommends against taking beta-carotene or vitamin E supplements if your goal is to prevent heart disease. Remember, the recommendation only applies to supplements. According to the USPSTF, a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, fat-free and low-fat dairy products, and seafood is linked to a lower risk of heart disease. You can get beta-carotene from fruits and vegetables such as carrots, sweet potatoes, spinach, and tomatoes.


Question: What is the aura stage of a seizure?

Answer: This phase happens right before a seizure starts and is a warning that it is about to happen. The symptoms come on quickly and may only last a few seconds. If you have an aura, you may have: Deja vu (a sense that something has happened before when it hasn't) Jamais vu (a feeling that you're seeing something you know well for the first time) Vision problems Odd smells, sounds, or tastes Dizziness Numbness or âpins and needlesâ in parts of your body Headache Nausea Panic Feelings of intense fear If you have an aura, you should try to get to a safe place before the seizure happens.


Question: What things can let you know a seizure is about to happen?

Answer: Common prodrome symptoms include: Changes in mood Trouble sleeping Anxiety Problems staying focused Feeling lightheaded People who have tonic-clonic (once called grand mal) seizures seem more likely to have prodrome signs.


Question: What are common signs of middle (ictal) seizure stage?

Answer: But you may have physical signs which others can see, Some common signs of this stage are: Loss of awareness (blacking out) Feeling confused Memory lapse Trouble hearing Odd smells or tastes Hallucinations (seeing things that aren't really there) Seeing flashing lights Trouble speaking Drooling Loss of muscle control Twitching Repeated movements like lip smacking or chewing Body convulsions Trouble breathing Racing heart During this final stage, your brain trying to get back to normal following the seizure.


Question: How can pampering hands and feet affect psoriatic arthritis?

Answer: Fingernails and toenails can become pitted and can separate from the nail bed. Make sure any nail changes you have are from your condition and not a fungal infection -- your doctor can diagnose and treat the true cause of the problem. Keep your nails short so they don't get caught on things, and don't push back your cuticles. When getting a manicure or pedicure, soak for only a few minutes. Nail polish is usually safe, but don't get acrylic nails. When they're removed, your nail bed may be damaged.


Question: How can stress affect psoriatic arthritis?

Answer: Stress can trigger a psoriasis flare, particularly for women. Take charge of your tension to ease your symptoms and keep things from getting worse. You can meditate, listen to soothing music, go for a walk, practice yoga, or try tai chi. Find what works for you, and do it for at least 15 minutes every day.


Question: How can staying warm affect psoriatic arthritis?

Answer: When you're stiff, a bit of warmth can really help. Since hot baths and showers are bad for your skin, put the heat right where it's needed. Use an electric heating pad, a microwaveable heat wrap, or an air-activated heat pack. You can even soothe stiff fingers and moisturize your hands at the same time: Apply oil to your hands, put on rubber gloves, and soak your hands in warm water for 5 to 10 minutes.


Question: How can exfoliation affect psoriatic arthritis?

Answer: Remove the scales and flakes from your skin to ease the burning and itching. This will make your lotions and anti-itch ointments work better. Over-the-counter lotions that have ingredients like salicylic acid, lactic acid, urea, or phenol can help soften and remove scales.


Question: How can staying cool affect psoriatic arthritis?

Answer: A cool shower or bath can soothe your skin, especially when you use some heavy-duty moisturizer afterward. If you take a bath, you can add oilated oatmeal, bath oil, Dead Sea salts, or Epsom salts for added comfort. After you get out, creams and ointments can lock in moisture and soothe your skin. So go ahead and slather it on. Store your lotion in the fridge for an extra dose of relief. You can also put cold packs on your painful joints to ease pain and swelling. Wrap the cold pack in a light towel to protect your skin -- 10-15 minutes on, 10-15 minutes off.


Question: How can stiffness affect psoriatic arthritis?

Answer: You can also put cold packs on your painful joints to ease pain and swelling. It'll also help you stay at a healthy weight. That'll keep pressure off you and reduce inflammation. You can walk, bike, swim, do yoga -- anything you enjoy that doesn't make your joint pain worse. Keep your nails short so they don't get caught on things, and don't push back your cuticles.


Question: How can devices affect psoriatic arthritis?

Answer: Your doctor or physical therapist can help you decide which is best for you. They can also teach you how to use it properly. Other devices, like jar openers and long-handled grabbers, can make your day-to-day life easier. A healthy diet full of fruits and vegetables can help ease your symptoms.


Question: How can diet affect psoriatic arthritis?

Answer: Take charge of your tension to ease your symptoms and keep things from getting worse. Eat to beat inflammation. You can get them from fish like salmon, lake trout, herring, sardines, and tuna.


Question: What medications are used to treat dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM)?

Answer: In the case of dilated cardiomyopathy, it's aimed at making the heart stronger and getting rid of substances in the bloodstream that enlarge the heart and lead to more severe symptoms: Medications: To manage heart failure, most people take drugs, such as a: Beta blocker ACE inhibitor or an ARB Diuretic If you have an arrhythmia (irregular heartbeat), your doctor may give you medicine to control your heart rate or make them happen less often. Blood thinners may also be used to prevent blood clots.


Question: When should you consider screening for dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM)?

Answer: If you have a relative with dilated cardiomyopathy, ask your doctor if you should be screened for it. Genetic testing may also be available to find abnormal genes.


Question: What are the symptoms of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM)?

Answer: Many people with dilated cardiomyopathy have no symptoms. Some that do have only minor ones, and live a normal life. Others develop symptoms that may get worse as their heart gets sicker. Symptoms of DCM can happen at any age and may include: Shortness of breath Swelling of your legs Fatigue Weight gain Fainting Palpitations (fluttering in the chest due to abnormal heart rhythms) Dizziness or lightheadedness Blood clots in the dilated left ventricle because of pooling of the blood. If a blood clot breaks off, it can lodge in an artery and disrupt blood flow to the brain, causing a stroke. A clot can also block blood flow to the organs in the abdomen or legs. Chest pain or pressure Sudden death DCM can be inherited, but it's usually caused by other things, including: Severe coronary artery disease Alcoholism Thyroid disease Diabetes Viral infections of the heart Heart valve abnormalities Drugs that damage the heart It can also happen in women after they give birth.


Question: How can surgery treat dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM)?

Answer: Surgery: Your doctor may recommend a surgery for coronary artery disease or valve disease. You may be eligible for one to fix your left ventricle or one that gives you a device to help your heart work better.


Question: How can a heart transplant treat dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM)?

Answer: Heart transplant: These are usually just for those with end-stage heart failure. You'll go through a selection process. Hearts that can be used are in short supply. Also, you must be both sick enough that you need a new heart, and healthy enough to have the procedure.


Question: How does the doctor diagnose dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM)?

Answer: Your doctor will decide if you have DCM after he looks at things like: Your symptoms Your family history A physical exam Blood tests An electrocardiogram A chest X-ray An echocardiogram An exercise stress test Cardiac catheterization A CT scan An MRI Another test that's rarely done to find the cause of cardiomyopathy is called a myocardial biopsy, or heart biopsy.


Question: What lifestyle changes can you make to treat dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM)?

Answer: Lifestyle changes: If you have heart failure, you should have less sodium, based on your doctor's recommendations. He may point you toward aerobic exercise, but don't do heavy weightlifting.


Question: Could allergies cause my eyes to be bloodshot?

Answer: Eye allergies cause redness, itching, burning, and watery eyes. You may have other allergy symptoms too, like sneezing or a runny or stuffy nose. Typical causes are pollen, pets, dust, or cigarette smoke. If you know what may be bugging your eyes, try to avoid it if you can.


Question: How do you know if something serious is causing your eyes to be bloodshot?

Answer: See a doctor if your eyes are bloodshot and if any of the following are true: You have eye pain You have light sensitivity You have a discharge from your eye Something punctured your eye You're having problems seeing You see bright circles (halos) around lights You have a headache You throw up or feel like you're going to Some other more serious conditions that can cause bloodshot eyes include: Corneal ulcers.


Question: Could contact lenses cause my eyes to be bloodshot?

Answer: Red eyes and infections can happen if you don't clean your lenses correctly or if you wear them longer than you're supposed to. For instance, you may have fallen asleep in contacts that aren't meant for overnight use. Bad fitting contacts can irritate your eyes too. If they feel uncomfortable when you put them in, quit wearing them until you can go see your eye doctor.


Question: Why are my eyes bloodshot?

Answer: It happens when blood vessels on the eye's surface swell or leak. You may wonder what caused it to happen and if it's serious. Usually, it's not a big deal, especially if your eyes don't hurt and you can see OK. How you treat it depends on what's causing the problem. Your eyelids may be red and itchy and look greasy and crusted. See a doctor if your eyes are bloodshot and if any of the following are true: You have eye pain You have light sensitivity You have a discharge from your eye Something punctured your eye You're having problems seeing You see bright circles (halos) around lights You have a headache You throw up or feel like you're going to Some other more serious conditions that can cause bloodshot eyes include: Corneal ulcers.


Question: How can you treat bloodshot eyes from dry tears?

Answer: But some people have chronic dry eyes. If you do, you may need prescription eye drops. Some people may find relief by supplementing their diet with omega-3 fatty acids. They're found naturally in foods like oily fish (salmon, sardines, anchovies) and flax seeds. Check with your eye doctor to see if you should take omega-3 supplements. Also, your doctor may suggest a warm compress for your eyes to help them make more tears. These over-the-counter products may help: Artificial tears. If they feel uncomfortable when you put them in, quit wearing them until you can go see your eye doctor.


Question: Could blepharitis cause my eyes to be bloodshot?

Answer: It happens when blood vessels on the eye's surface swell or leak. Your eyelids may be red and itchy and look greasy and crusted. Your doctor may first try to treat the problem with eye drops to fight the infection.


Question: What serious conditions can cause bloodshot eyes?

Answer: Dry eye happens when your body isn't making enough tears or they're evaporating too quickly. See a doctor if your eyes are bloodshot and if any of the following are true: You have eye pain You have light sensitivity You have a discharge from your eye Something punctured your eye You're having problems seeing You see bright circles (halos) around lights You have a headache You throw up or feel like you're going to Some other more serious conditions that can cause bloodshot eyes include: Corneal ulcers. These are sores on the cornea -- the clear layer that covers the front of your eye. They are usually caused by an infection. Your eyes will be red and sensitive to light. It may feel like there's something in your eye. You may see halos and feel sick to your stomach. Sudden attacks often happen when your pupils are enlarged. This can happen when you're stressed or in dark places like movie theaters. Taking certain drugs, including cold medications, can increase your chances too. If you think you have acute glaucoma, get to an emergency room. Iritis. This is inflammation inside the front of your eye. Treatment with steroids can help with pain and swelling and prevent vision loss. If you have immune system conditions like rheumatoid or psoriatic arthritis, you may be more likely to get this. Certain infections put you at risk too.


Question: Could a broken blood vessel cause my eyes to be bloodshot?

Answer: This can happen after something as simple as a strong sneeze or cough. It probably looks bad, but it's usually not serious. It shouldn't hurt or affect how well you see. Think of it as a bruise in your eye that time will heal. It will take a week or two for it to go away. Your eye will be very red and painful.


Question: When should I call my doctor about an allergy shot?

Answer: Get on the phone and go to the nearest emergency room if you have shortness of breath, a tight throat, or any other symptoms that worry you after getting your shot.


Question: What causes Parkinsonism related to Parkinson's disease?

Answer: Medically, parkinsonism refers to any condition that causes symptoms similar to Parkinson's disease tremors at rest, muscle rigidity, slow movement, and changes in walking. Parkinson's disease is probably the most common form of parkinsonism. Other conditions that cause it include: Medications such as reserpine, Thorazine Toxic exposures to carbon monoxide, cyanide Hypothyroidism Hypoparathyroidism A variety of other neurologic conditions affecting the nerves in the substantia nigra such as Wilson's disease (a condition causing abnormal deposition of copper in the brain) and progressive supranuclear palsy Learn more about other causes of Parkinson's.


Question: Who gets Parkinson's disease?

Answer: Common symptoms of Parkinson's disease include: Muscle rigidity Tremors Bradykinesia (the slowing down of movement and the gradual loss of spontaneous activity) Changes in walking pattern and posture Changes in speech and handwriting Loss of balance and increased falls Orthrostatic hypotension (a drop in blood pressure when standing, resulting in lightheadedness or fainting) Approximately one million Americans have Parkinson's disease, including three out of every 100 people over the age of 60. There is increasing evidence that Parkinson's disease may be inherited (genetically passed on between family members). However, about 4% of those with Parkinson's disease are diagnosed before age 50, and about half of those are diagnosed before age 40. When the diagnosis is made early, it is referred to as "young-onset" Parkinson's disease.


Question: Is Parkinson's disease curable?

Answer: Although research is ongoing, to date there is no known cure or way to prevent Parkinson's disease. Still, even though there is no cure for Parkinson's disease, by identifying individual symptoms and determining a proper course of treatment, most people with the disease can live enjoyable, fulfilling lives.


Question: What is the difference between young-onset Parkinson's disease and older onset Parkinson's disease?

Answer: However, about 4% of those with Parkinson's disease are diagnosed before age 50, and about half of those are diagnosed before age 40. Associated problems, such as memory loss, confusion, and balance difficulties, are also less frequent in young people with the disease. On the other hand, people with young-onset Parkinson's disease often have more movement problems due to the most commonly prescribed medication, levodopa, than older people with the disease.


Question: How can an occupational therapist help manage the symptoms of multiple sclerosis?

Answer: Not everyone with MS will need this kind of therapy, but you might consider it if your symptoms make it hard to: Be productive at home, work, or school Have fun, including enjoying your hobbies and finding new ways to spend time Take care of yourself, including dressing, bathing, grooming, and eating In general, an occupational therapist can help you find easier ways to: Write Cook and do chores at home Eat Do your job Have fun and enjoy your hobbies Bathe and use the toilet Get dressed and groom yourself She also can give you information on how to adjust your surroundings to suit your needs. She might suggest ways to alter your home, your car, or your computer to make them easier to use. She can also teach you how to use a cane, wheelchair, and other devices to help you get around.


Question: What are the signs of anaphylaxis, and how should I respond to them?

Answer: Signs of anaphylaxis are: Hives and itchiness Vomiting Diarrhea Pain in the abdomen Severe swelling in the throat that makes it hard to swallow or breathe; this can lead to stridor, or wheezing. Confusion Slurred speech Fast or weak pulse Dizziness (caused by a drop in blood pressure) Unconsciousness Anaphylaxis is a medical emergency. Keep in mind that anaphylaxis often develops quickly after exposure to the allergen -- possibly within minutes. If you know you're at risk for anaphylaxis, your doctor should have prescribed an epinephrine injection kit for emergencies (usually two pens).


Question: What are the signs of an asthma emergency?

Answer: They include: Symptoms that keep getting worse, even with treatment Difficulty catching your breath or talking Flaring your nostrils as you breathe Sucking in your chest or stomach with each breath Difficulty walking A bluish or grayish tinge to your lips or fingernails If you have any of these asthma symptoms, call 911.


Question: What are some of the most common symptoms of asthma?

Answer: The most common symptoms of asthma include: Coughing, especially at night or during exercise Wheezing or losing your breath easily Tightness in the chest Runny or stuffy nose, itchy eyes, itchy or sore throat Fatigue and weakness, especially during exercise Trouble sleeping Asthma triggers may include a common cold, exercise, cold air, and allergens.


Question: How do fungi spread?

Answer: Fungi enter your body through tiny cracks in your skin. You can catch them by touching someone who has them. You can also catch fungi if your bare feet come in contact with them. This might happen when you walk barefoot in warm, moist areas, like a locker room or public pool.


Question: How contagious is foot fungus?

Answer: Not as much as you might think. Foot fungus loves wet places, but you might have a better chance of catching it if you don't wash or dry your feet well, or don't change your socks and shoes often.


Question: Are pedicures safe if I have foot fungus?

Answer: Yes. Never assume the spa cleans its tools after each client. Take your own to your appointment. That's the only way to make sure you don't catch -- or spread -- a pesky foot fungus in the nail salon.


Question: Where can I walk barefoot if I have foot fungus?

Answer: You can also catch fungi if your bare feet come in contact with them. Always wear shoes in public places. You never know what germs or fungi lurk there. If you're using a public pool or shower, wear sandals or shower shoes.


Question: Can I catch foot fungus from someone in my house?

Answer: Athlete's foot is the most common type of foot fungus. You can also catch fungi if your bare feet come in contact with them. Wash your feet with soap and water at least once each day and keep them dry.


Question: Where do fungi thrive?

Answer: That's why they like your feet. Each foot has over 250,000 sweat glands. To stop the spread of foot fungus, dry your feet after they get wet. Let your shoes air out before you wear them again. Always wear shoes in public places.


Question: What is foot fungus?

Answer: There are more than 80 types of fungi on your feet. That's way more than on other parts of the body, even the palms of your hands. But while some of these fungi may get a bad rap, you can relax. Most aren't harmful. Fungi enter your body through tiny cracks in your skin.


Question: What should you expect when seeing a doctor about snoring?

Answer: During the doctor's visit, the doctor will ask about your symptoms and take a complete medical history. He or she will also perform a general physical exam, paying particular attention to your nose and throat. Your weight and blood pressure will be evaluated, and your blood may be tested for thyroid function. Your doctor may suggest you see an otolaryngologist (ear, nose, and throat doctor). These doctors are better equipped to examine your nasal passages for any blockages. Additionally, you may be referred to a sleep lab for further testing.


Question: Should you talk to a doctor if you are a habitual snorer?

Answer: Occasional snoring is usually not very serious; mostly, it's a nuisance for your bed partner. However, if you are a habitual snorer, it is a good idea to get checked out by a doctor to make sure a more serious problem isn't causing your snoring.


Question: How can antipsychotic drugs help your bipolar disorder mania?

Answer: Doctors used to prescribe these medicines as a short-term treatment to control agitation or psychotic symptoms such as hallucinations or delusions that can happen during mania or severe depression. Today, they are increasingly being used for other symptoms (such as agitation or insomnia) along with mood stabilizers to bring about faster improvements, and to help prevent relapses. Doctors also use some antipsychotic drugs as antidepressants for bipolar depression. Some of the newer antipsychotics seem to help stabilize moods on their own. As a result, doctors may use them as long-term treatment for people who can't take or don't respond to lithium and anticonvulsants.


Question: What is lithium and how does it help people with bipolar disorder mania?

Answer: What It Is: Lithium is a drug that acts on the brain and spinal cord. It helps people with bipolar disorder have more control over their emotions, sleep, energy, and extremes in behavior.


Question: How do antiseizure drugs help bipolar disorder mania?

Answer: What It Is: These medicines calm hyperactivity in the brain in various ways. For this reason, some of these drugs are used to treat epilepsy, prevent migraines, and treat other problems. Doctors sometimes favor them over lithium or use them with lithium or antipsychotic drugs for people who have ârapid cycling,â which is four or more episodes of mania and depression in a year.


Question: What do I do if I miss a dose of lithium?

Answer: If you miss a dose, doctors and pharmacists usually recommend taking it as soon as you remember it -- unless the next scheduled dose is within 2 hours (or 6 hours for slow-release forms). If so, they usually recommend skipping the missed dose and resuming the usual dosing schedule. Don't "double-up" the dose to catch up.


Question: What are benzodiazepines and how can it help treat your bipolar disorder mania?

Answer: What They Are: These medicines are sedatives. They slow the brain and nerves. In doing so, they can help treat mania, anxiety, panic disorder, insomnia, and seizures. They may also help restore normal sleep patterns and calm agitation in people with bipolar disorder.


Question: What should I expect if I take lithium for my bipolar disorder?

Answer: What to Expect: It usually takes several weeks for lithium to work. Your doctor will give you blood tests during your treatment because lithium can affect how well your kidney s or thyroid work.


Question: What are antipsychotic drugs?

Answer: What It Is: Antipsychotic drugs affect chemicals in the brain called neurotransmitters. It is not clear exactly how these drugs work, but they usually improve manic episodes quickly.


Question: What is electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and how can it help ibipolar disorder mania?

Answer: What It Is: Doctors use electroconvulsive therapy ( ECT), also known as electroshock therapy, to treat hospitalized people who are severely depressed or manic, suicidal, psychotic, or persistently agitated and unable to take basic care of themselves. It works for nearly 75% of people. ECT is one of the fastest ways to relieve symptoms in people who have mania or severe depression. It's not a "last resort" only when the illness does not respond to medicine or psychotherapy. Instead, doctors should consider it sooner rather than later when medicines aren't effective or when there it's urgent to ease severe symptoms, such as when depression causes severe suicidal thoughts or psychosis that needs care very quickly.


Question: What does lithium do to help treat bipolar disorder mania?

Answer: And it may also help relieve or prevent bipolar depression in some people. Studies show that lithium can lower the risk of suicide among people with bipolar disorder. It also helps prevent future manic episodes. Doctors may prescribe it for long periods of time as maintenance therapy. What It Is: Lithium is a drug that acts on the brain and spinal cord. It helps people with bipolar disorder have more control over their emotions, sleep, energy, and extremes in behavior.


Question: What can I expect if I take benzodiazepines for bipolar disorder mania?

Answer: Benzodiazepines prescribed for bipolar disorder include (among others): Alprazolam ( Xanax) Clonazepam ( Klonopin) Diazepam ( Valium) Lorazepam ( Ativan) What to Expect: You'll probably take these for a brief time, up to 2 weeks or so, with other mood-stabilizing drugs. These medicines act quickly and bring on a sense of calmness. They can sometimes cause lightheadedness, slurred speech, or unsteadiness.


Question: Which medicines treat the mania associated with bipolar disorder?

Answer: Your doctor will also likely prescribe a mood stabilizer, also called an âantimanicâ medication. These help control mood swings and prevent them, and may help to make someone less likely to attempt suicide. You may need to take medicine for a long time, sometimes indefinitely. Your doctor may prescribe lithium and certain anti-seizure drugs like carbamazepine ( Tegretol), lamotrigine ( Lamictal), or valproate ( Depakote). You may need very close medical supervision and blood tests while you take these.


Question: What side effects are there from using antipsychotic drugs for bipolar disorder mania?

Answer: Antipsychotics used to treat bipolar disorder include: Aripiprazole ( Abilify) Asenapine ( Saphris) Cariprazine ( Vraylar) Clozapine ( Clozaril) Lurasidone ( Latuda) (for bipolar depression) Quetiapine ( Seroquel) (for mania or bipolar depression) Olanzapine ( Zyprexa) Risperidone ( Risperdal) Ziprasidone ( Geodon) Risks and Side Effects: Certain antipsychotics cause rapid weight gain and high cholesterol levels. They may also raise the chance of high blood sugar levels or eventual diabetes. Your doctor should first check on your risk for heart disease, stroke, and diabetes. Common side effects of antipsychotic drugs include: Blurry vision Dry mouth Drowsiness Muscle spasms or tremor Involuntary facial tics Weight gain Also, ziprasidone ( Geodon) has been linked to a rare but potentially fatal skin reaction called "drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms" ( DRESS syndrome).


Question: What treatments will I get if I'm hospitalized for bipolar disorder?

Answer: If you have mania, you'll probably need to take medicine to bring it quickly under control. Electroconvulsive therapy ( ECT) may also be something your doctor considers. Your doctor may change your medicine dose, or add or subtract medicine. For instance, she may stop antidepressants, or add an antipsychotic or another drug to lessen your symptoms. You may also find that psychological therapy and a well-ordered daily routine help, along with your medicine.


Question: Are antiseizure drugs usedto treat bipolar disorder mania?

Answer: Your doctor may prescribe lithium and certain anti-seizure drugs like carbamazepine ( Tegretol), lamotrigine ( Lamictal), or valproate ( Depakote). But sometimes, lithium alone is enough. Some other anticonvulsant drugs -- such as gapabentin ( Neurontin), oxcarbazenpine ( Trileptal), and topiramate ( Topamax) -- aren't proven treatments for mood symptoms in bipolar disorder. But doctors sometimes prescribe them either experimentally or for symptoms other than mood (such as anxiety or pain).


Question: What are the side effects of lithium for bipolar disorder mania?

Answer: Risks and Side Effects: Most people who take lithium -- about 75% -- have some side effects, although they may be minor. They may become less troublesome after a few weeks as your body adjusts to the drug. Common side effects include: Weight gain Trouble remembering Poor concentration Mental slowness Hand tremor Drowsiness or tiredness Hair loss Acne Being very thirsty Peeing more than usual Your thyroid doesn't work as well Problems with how your kidney s work Tell your doctor if you have lasting symptoms from lithium or if you have diarrhea, vomiting, a fever, unsteady walking, tremors, fainting, confusion, slurred speech, or a rapid heart rate.


Question: What is applied behavior analysis (ABA), and how can it help children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD)?

Answer: This is one of the most widely accepted therapies for children with autism spectrum disorder. ABA training is most effective if therapy begins when children are younger than age 5, although older children with ASD can also benefit. ABA helps teach social, motor, and verbal behaviors, as well as reasoning skills, and works to manage challenging behavior. It’s based on teaching these skills through observation and positive reinforcement.


Question: How does sensory therapy work for children who have autism spectrum disorder (ASD)?

Answer: Therapists skilled in conducting sensory therapy for ASD work one-on-one with a child. The goal is to help regulate the child’s reaction to external stimuli. For example, if the child is hypersensitive to being touched, the therapist will work to desensitize the child over time.


Question: How should parents contribute in Relationship Development Intervention (RDI) to help their child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD)?

Answer: Parents’ involvement is key to its success. Parents are taught how to use all opportunities as “teachable moments.” These moments are chances to engage your child and build more appropriate social skills. Since RDI training is relatively new, there isn’t much clinical evidence to show its effectiveness. However, studies conducted by its developers have shown significant improvement in children treated with RDI. To provide your child with RDI training, you’ll need to devote time to workshops or watching videos to learn how to give your child an effective intervention program. This instruction for you can be both time-consuming and expensive. You’ll also have to commit to regular communication with a certified RDI program consultant, which includes regularly videotaping interactions with your child.


Question: What can therapies do for children who have autism spectrum disorder (ASD)?

Answer: Because every child with autism spectrum disorder ( ASD) has unique symptoms, each child should receive treatment that meets their specific needs. There are a variety of therapy options that have been shown to be successful for improving learning, communication, and social skills of children with ASD.


Question: What is Relationship Development Intervention (RDI), and how can it help children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD)?

Answer: RDI training is a relatively new, trademarked therapy for autism spectrum disorder. The developers of the treatment think RDI training is most effective when children start getting therapy at a young age, but it can be beneficial for people of all ages. RDI training aims to teach children how to think flexibly and engage in social relationships with other people. Typically, RDI training begins by helping children develop relationships with their parents and other family members. It is very similar to other therapies for ASD in that it focuses on the disorder’s core deficit -- social skills and interaction.


Question: What are some sensory therapies used for children who have autism spectrum disorder (ASD)?

Answer: Various sensory therapies can be used to address a variety of problems that affect children with ASD. For example, spinning in a chair can reduce hyperactivity in some children. Other sensory therapies may include swinging, vibration therapy, and aerobic exercise. You and your child's therapist may need to experiment with a variety of therapeutic options to determine which ones help your child improve. Your developmental pediatrician or neurologist also can provide guidance.


Question: What are the health effects of nightmares in adults?

Answer: Nightmares become much more than bad dreams when they have a significant effect on your health and well-being. Among people who experience nightmares, those who are anxious or depressed are more likely to be distressed about the experience and suffer even more psychological ill effects. Although the relationship is not understood, nightmares have been associated with suicide. Because nightmares may have a significant impact on your quality of life, it's important to consult a medical professional if you experience them regularly. Sleep deprivation, which can be caused by nightmares, can cause a host of medical conditions, including heart disease, depression, and obesity. If nightmares in adults are a symptom of untreated sleep apnea or post-traumatic stress disorder, the underlying disorders can also have significant negative effects on physical and mental health.


Question: What are some signs someone needs reading glasses?

Answer: Here are a few signs that you do: When you hold books and other reading materials up close, they look blurry. You have to hold them farther away to read them. You have trouble seeing smaller print in dim light. Your eyes hurt when you try to read, sew, or do other close work. You get a headache when you try to read.


Question: How do reading glasses treat astigmatism?

Answer: Keep in mind that these glasses might not fit you as well as prescription glasses. They also don't correct astigmatism (a common condition that causes blurred vision), and they can't be adjusted if you need a different strength in each eye. Also, your vision can change as you get older. You might need to buy a stronger pair of reading glasses in a year or two.


Question: When should I make a doctor's appointment for reading glasses?

Answer: If your close vision is blurry, make an appointment with your eye doctor for an exam. He can recommend a reading glass strength or write a prescription based on your exam. And it's always a good idea to get checked for other eye issues.


Question: How do I pick out reading glasses?

Answer: Test out a few to see which one works best. Hold a book or magazine 14 to 16 inches away from your face, and see if the glasses make the print easier to read. You might need two different strengths -- one pair for very close reading and one for middle distances like your computer screen. Choose the weakest (lowest number) glasses that will work for you.


Question: What happens to your eyes in your 40s?

Answer: When you reach your 40s, the natural internal lenses in your eyes become less flexible. They can't focus as easily from near to far vision like they could when you were younger. If your close vision is blurry, make an appointment with your eye doctor for an exam.


Question: Why does Koebner phenomenon happen?

Answer: Doctors aren't sure what makes your skin respond to an injury with plaques. You can have a Koebner response from anything that changes your skin on the outside or the inside, including: Injuries such as animal bites, stings, burns, cuts, bumps, or rubbed skin Conditions like diaper rash, eczema, infection, scabies, warts, or dermatitis Allergic reactions or skin irritations Sunburn or radiation You can also trigger the condition when you get a tattoo, vaccinations, or acupuncture.


Question: What is the Koebner phenomenon and who gets it?

Answer: Doctors sometimes call it âisomorphic responseâ or â Koebnerization." It happens most often in people with psoriasis, but it happens in other skin conditions, too, including warts and vitiligo. If you have active flares, you are more likely to have a Koebner response. But it can still happen even if you have never had plaques on your skin. Each reaction has its own pace. It takes about 10-20 days after a skin injury for plaques to show up. Sometimes it can take as long as 2 years. Doctors aren't sure what makes your skin respond to an injury with plaques.


Question: What is the Koebner phenomenon?

Answer: For some people with psoriasis, even the tiniest pinprick or a bite from a mosquito can trigger plaques to appear in new places. Anytime your skin is hurt or irritated, you can get a new patch of psoriasis. Doctors call this reaction the Koebner phenomenon, and it happens to 1 out of 4 people who have psoriasis.


Question: What kind of reaction will someone have with the Koebner phenomenon?

Answer: Koebner phenomenon plaques are just like regular psoriasis flare-ups. They can be: Raised Red Scaly Itchy or painful They can also crack and bleed. In most cases, worse injuries mean more plaques. Unlike regular psoriasis flares that show up on knees, elbows, the scalp, and the lower back, Koebner phenomenon plaques can happen anywhere your skin has been hurt.