Question: What are tips for concerned parents of a baby with skin that looks blue?

Answer: If you are concerned about a blue tinge to your baby's skin, check his entire body. An off-and-on blue cast to the hands and feet, with pink skin elsewhere, is not a sign of a problem, but rather just a little bit of immaturity of the circulatory system, which will go away over time.


Question: When should I worry about my baby's blue skin?

Answer: If there is a bluish cast over the entire body, the blood may be lacking sufficient oxygen. Blue primarily around the lips may also indicate low blood oxygen. This is very worrisome and you should seek medical attention immediately. It's also concerning if you notice any blueness at all when it seem like your baby might be having trouble breathing. But you don't need to worry if your baby's hands and feet turn blue for a short period of time when the rest of the body is pink and your baby is breathing normally.


Question: What does it mean if your baby's skin looks blue?

Answer: Fortunately, in most cases it's quite normal and harmless as long as it's temporary. An off-and-on blue cast to the hands and feet, with pink skin elsewhere, is not a sign of a problem, but rather just a little bit of immaturity of the circulatory system, which will go away over time.


Question: How is cradle cap prevented?

Answer: Once the cradle cap is under control, you can keep it at bay by washing your baby's hair often enough with baby shampoo and brushing her scalp with a soft brush. Ask your pediatrician how often to wash your baby's hair after cradle cap goes away. Your doctor may also suggest that you use the hydrocortisone cream or another lotion or ointment after the cradle cap has stopped being a problem.


Question: What are the causes of cradle cap?

Answer: They think the rough patches may appear when the oil glands in your baby's skin produce more oil than they need to. Doctors think the glands sometimes work harder because of the influence of the mother's hormones. They're left over from when your baby was in your womb. Some doctors may prescribe hydrocortisone cream for cradle cap, but only if the scalp is inflamed.


Question: What are tear ducts?

Answer: Tear ducts are like tiny tunnels that your tears pass through. They're part of the drainage system that goes from your eyes to your throat. Glands inside your eyelids and the white part of your eyes constantly release tears into your eyes. As you blink, they drain out. They exit through two small holes called puncta in the upper and lower inside corners of your eyelids, next to your nose.


Question: What causes blocked tear ducts in infants?

Answer: Sometimes babies are born with blocked tear ducts. This happens because a piece of tissue that covers the duct doesn't open up at birth like it should. It will usually open on its own within a few months. Less often, tear ducts get blocked because the tear drainage system didn't form correctly in the womb.


Question: What causes blocked tear ducts in adults?

Answer: In adults, tear ducts can get blocked for lots of reasons: The holes in the corners of the eyes, the puncta, narrow due to age. Trauma cuts the drainage duct. A broken nose or other injury leaves scar tissue that presses on the tear duct. Small, rounded growths called polyps form in the nose and block the duct. An infection in the eye or nose causes swelling around the tear duct. Sinus surgery damages the tear ducts or the holes that drain to them. Eye drops to treat glaucoma make the conjunctiva and the tear ducts swell. Radioactive iodine and chemotherapy treatment for cancer cause swelling in the tear ducts.


Question: What are blocked tear ducts?

Answer: They flow across the surface of your eyes to clean and moisten them, then they leave your eyes through a system of tiny drainage tubes that run along your nose. Sometimes these tubes can get narrowed or blocked, which prevents the tears from draining out of your eyes. This extra fluid can leave your eyes watery. If your eyes are watery and irritated, get them checked to find out whether it's a blocked tear duct. If it is, your eye doctor has things he can do to open up the blockage and help your tears flow normally again. If the portion of the tear duct in the bone of the nose is blocked, it can cause a serious infection of the tear sac called dacryocystitis. Tear duct probing.


Question: How should I tell my family about my melanoma diagnosis?

Answer: Who you tell about your diagnosis is completely up to you. When you're deciding, it helps to keep some things in mind: If you have melanoma, it means your parents, siblings, and children have a higher risk for skin cancer, too. So your information could help them protect their own health. If you have kids, you can tell them as much about your diagnosis as you think they can handle, based on their age or how mature they are. But be prepared to have more than one conversation with them about it.


Question: How can I be sure that my melanoma diagnosis is true?

Answer: Melanoma can be tricky to diagnose and to treat. You don't have to take your doctor's word as the final say on either of them. Think about asking another specialist to confirm the diagnosis and to discuss your options for treatment.


Question: When should I tell my family about my melanoma diagnosis and how much should I tell them?

Answer: Don't let yourself be rushed. You can decide if and when you're ready to reveal information. It's OK to put limits on how much you say.


Question: Where can I find information on melanoma?

Answer: Your doctor is a good starting point for information, but you can also look up support networks and online message boards. Be sure you're looking at information from reliable, well-known groups, though. Also, keep in mind that what some people went through with melanoma may not happen to you.


Question: When should I consider seeing a professional for mental support after a melanoma diagnosis?

Answer: It can be scary to learn you have melanoma. You don't have to take your doctor's word as the final say on either of them. There are lots of them who can give advice and, most importantly, hope. One day, you may be able to return the favor.


Question: Why is it important to learn about melanoma after being diagnosed?

Answer: It can be scary to learn you have melanoma. And less stress means a better shot at recovery.


Question: Do I still need a second opinion if I am sure that I have melanoma after the first diagnosis?

Answer: There are many cancer treatments out there, and what works for one person may not work for you. Don't feel bad. Doctors are used to patients asking for second opinions. Some even recommend it. And not only will most insurance companies pay for a visit to another doc, some require it. But be prepared to have more than one conversation with them about it.


Question: How is a biopsy used to diagnose peritoneal cancer?

Answer: A surgeon removes tissue by opening the abdomen during a laparotomy or by inserting tools through small holes in the abdomen (laparoscopy). If the doctor suspects cancer, he or she may remove one or more organs. A pathologist studies the tissue sample under a microscope to confirm a diagnosis of cancer.


Question: How is a paracentesis used to diagnose peritoneal cancer?

Answer: In cases where surgery is not possible or ascites could be due to other causes, the doctor may instead remove fluid for examination under a microscope. This is called paracentesis.


Question: How is peritoneal cancer related to ovarian cancers?

Answer: Peritoneal cancer acts and looks like ovarian cancer. This is mainly because the surface of the ovaries is made of epithelial cells, as is the peritoneum. Therefore, peritoneal cancer and a type of ovarian cancer cause similar symptoms. Doctors also treat them in much the same way. Despite its similarities with ovarian cancer, you can have peritoneal cancer even if your ovaries have been removed. Peritoneal cancer can occur anywhere in the abdominal space. It affects the surface of organs contained inside the peritoneum.


Question: How is a CA-125 blood test used to diagnose peritoneal cancer?

Answer: This test measures levels of a chemical in the blood called CA-125. If levels are high, peritoneal or ovarian cancer may be present. But CA-125 can be high for other reasons. So, this test cannot confirm a diagnosis of these cancers.


Question: What does hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy for peritoneal cancer consist of?

Answer: This is administration of heated chemotherapy into the peritoneum after surgery. This technique is common for peritoneal cancer that has spread from the appendix, colon, or stomach.


Question: How is chemotherapy used to treat peritoneal cancer?

Answer: The drugs for treating peritoneal cancer are similar to those used for ovarian cancer. You may receive these drugs by injection on an outpatient basis every one, two, or three weeks. Sometimes, chemotherapy is delivered directly into the abdomen through a catheter that was placed under the skin during surgery. This is called intraperitoneal chemotherapy. You also receive it about every three weeks, but it is a more complex treatment cycle.


Question: What is the prognosis for peritoneal cancer?

Answer: Peritoneal cancer can spread quickly because the peritoneum is rich in lymph and blood through which it can travel. Recurrence after treatment is common with peritoneal cancer. That's because this cancer is often diagnosed in an advanced stage. You may need more than one round of chemotherapy or other surgeries.


Question: How is peritoneal cancer treated?

Answer: You may have more than one type of treatment for peritoneal cancer. The type of treatment you have depends upon: The stage and grade of the cancer The size and location of the cancer Your age and overall health Treatments for peritoneal cancer include: Surgery.


Question: How similar is peritoneal cancer to ovarian cancer?

Answer: Peritoneal cancer acts and looks like ovarian cancer. This is mainly because the surface of the ovaries is made of epithelial cells, as is the peritoneum. Therefore, peritoneal cancer and a type of ovarian cancer cause similar symptoms. Doctors also treat them in much the same way.


Question: Can you still have peritoneal cancer if your ovaries are removed?

Answer: Despite its similarities with ovarian cancer, you can have peritoneal cancer even if your ovaries have been removed. Peritoneal cancer can occur anywhere in the abdominal space. It affects the surface of organs contained inside the peritoneum.


Question: How is HIPEC (hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy) used to treat peritoneal cancer?

Answer: This is administration of heated chemotherapy into the peritoneum after surgery. This technique is common for peritoneal cancer that has spread from the appendix, colon, or stomach.


Question: Who is most at risk for peritoneal cancer?

Answer: Peritoneal cancer starts in the peritoneum, and hence is called primary peritoneal cancer. Despite its similarities with ovarian cancer, you can have peritoneal cancer even if your ovaries have been removed. Older age is another risk factor for peritoneal cancer.


Question: What tests may be given for peritoneal cancer?

Answer: High-frequency sound waves produce a picture called a sonogram. CA-125 blood test. This test measures levels of a chemical in the blood called CA-125. If levels are high, peritoneal or ovarian cancer may be present. But CA-125 can be high for other reasons. So, this test cannot confirm a diagnosis of these cancers. CT scan . A computer linked to an X-ray machine produces detailed pictures of the inside the body. Lower GI series or barium enema. With this test, you first receive an enema containing a white, chalky solution called barium. This outlines the colon and rectum on an X-ray. It makes it possible to spot some tumors and other problems. Upper GI series. With this test, barium is swallowed and the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum (the first part of the small intestine) are outlined on an X-ray. Biopsy . A surgeon removes tissue by opening the abdomen during a laparotomy or by inserting tools through small holes in the abdomen (laparoscopy). If the doctor suspects cancer, he or she may remove one or more organs. A pathologist studies the tissue sample under a microscope to confirm a diagnosis of cancer. Paracentesis. In cases where surgery is not possible or ascites could be due to other causes, the doctor may instead remove fluid for examination under a microscope. You may have more than one type of treatment for peritoneal cancer.


Question: How is palliative care used to treat peritoneal cancer?

Answer: Supportive care can help relieve symptoms of peritoneal cancer such as pain, weight loss, or fluid buildup. That's because this cancer is often diagnosed in an advanced stage.


Question: How can you tell if you have peritoneal cancer in an exam?

Answer: A pathologist studies the tissue sample under a microscope to confirm a diagnosis of cancer. So, the pattern and location of any tumors helps indicate which type of cancer is present.


Question: What causes peritoneal cancer?

Answer: However, there are different theories about how it begins. Some believe it comes from ovarian tissue implants left in the abdomen during fetal development. Others think the peritoneum undergoes changes that make it more like the ovaries. The type of treatment you have depends upon: The stage and grade of the cancer The size and location of the cancer Your age and overall health Treatments for peritoneal cancer include: Surgery.


Question: How is a CT scan used to diagnose peritoneal cancer?

Answer: Just as with ovarian cancer, peritoneal cancer can be hard to detect in the early stages. A computer linked to an X-ray machine produces detailed pictures of the inside the body.


Question: How is an upper GI series used to diagnose peritoneal cancer?

Answer: Just as with ovarian cancer, peritoneal cancer can be hard to detect in the early stages. With this test, you first receive an enema containing a white, chalky solution called barium. With this test, barium is swallowed and the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum (the first part of the small intestine) are outlined on an X-ray.


Question: Are the symptoms of peritoneal cancer easy to spot?

Answer: Then, symptoms resemble those of ovarian cancer. Many of these symptoms are due to buildup of fluid (ascites) in the abdomen. Doctors often diagnose peritoneal cancer in advanced stages.


Question: What is peritoneal cancer?

Answer: It also covers the uterus, bladder, and rectum. Made of epithelial cells, this structure is called the peritoneum. It produces a fluid that helps organs move smoothly inside the abdomen. Peritoneal cancer is not the same as intestinal or stomach cancer. Nor is it to be confused with cancers that spread (metastasize) to the peritoneum. Peritoneal cancer starts in the peritoneum, and hence is called primary peritoneal cancer. Some believe it comes from ovarian tissue implants left in the abdomen during fetal development.


Question: What should you expect if you have peritoneal cancer?

Answer: To stage and treat this cancer, a surgeon removes all visible disease. These doctors have special knowledge of gynecologic cancers. Your doctors will closely watch you after treatment. Peritoneal cancer can spread quickly because the peritoneum is rich in lymph and blood through which it can travel. Recurrence after treatment is common with peritoneal cancer. That's because this cancer is often diagnosed in an advanced stage. You may need more than one round of chemotherapy or other surgeries. Be sure to seek support for yourself as you go through treatment and healing.


Question: What are the signs of slow transit constipation?

Answer: Signs of this kind of constipation include: Not feeling the urge to go to the bathroom Pooping less than once a week Passing dry, hard stools A bloated or painful belly This type is more common in young women. Doctors aren't sure why. Laxatives and fiber may not work for this type, but behavioral training (biofeedback) may help.


Question: When does someone have a defecation disorder?

Answer: You may have this problem if you: Spend a lot of time on the toilet straining and pushing to move your bowels Use your fingers to get stool out or use enemas frequently Laxatives or fiber supplements don't relieve your constipation People with this type often have hemorrhoids, cracks around the anus called fissures, and hard, impacted stools. These problems need treatment because they can make it even more difficult and painful to go. It's not clear what brings this kind of constipation on, but it's often treated with behavioral and relaxation training.


Question: What are defecation disorders?

Answer: Defecation disorders: It takes coordinated muscle movements in your pelvic floor to move stool out of your body. These muscles, including your anal sphincter, need to relax at the right time for you to poop comfortably. If you have this type of constipation, you may feel the urge to go but have a hard time doing it. It may be painful.


Question: What is functional constipation?

Answer: When you have chronic (long-lasting) constipation, you need to find out what's causing it. It could be a medical condition or even medications that you take that are backing you up. But it could also be that your body's waste disposal system isn't working as it should. This is called functional or primary constipation. It's constipation not caused by something else, and it's more common in young children and older adults.


Question: What is normal transit constipation?

Answer: There are 3 different types: Normal transit constipation: This is the most common. When you have this, muscles in your colon squeeze and relax the way they should: not too fast and not too slow. Your waste moves at the right speed. Still, your stool may be hard and difficult to pass. You may have belly pain or bloating, too. It usually gets better by eating more fiber-rich foods or by using a certain kind of laxative.


Question: What is slow transit constipation?

Answer: Slow transit constipation: This means your colon isn't moving waste fast enough. Doctors don't know exactly why this happens.


Question: How can I figure out what type of functional constipation I have?

Answer: When you have chronic (long-lasting) constipation, you need to find out what's causing it. When you have this, muscles in your colon squeeze and relax the way they should: not too fast and not too slow.


Question: What are the side effects of  coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10)?

Answer: Good food sources of Co Q10 include: Cold water fish, like tuna, salmon, mackerel, and sardines Vegetable oils Meats Side effects from Co Q10 seem to be rare and mild. They include diarrhea, nausea, and heartburn. Risks. People with chronic diseases such as heart failure, kidney or liver problems, or diabetes should be wary of using this supplement. Co Q10 may lower blood sugar levels and blood pressure. Doses of more than 300 milligrams may affect liver enzyme levels.


Question: Do I need more coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10)?

Answer: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } Although Co Q10 plays a key role in the body, most healthy people have enough Co Q10 naturally. There is some evidence that adding more -- in the form of Co Q10 supplements -- may be beneficial. Increasing age and some medical conditions are associated with dropping levels of Co Q10. But in these cases, it's uncertain that adding Co Q10 will have an effect.


Question: Why would I want to take a coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) supplement?

Answer: Co Q10 is also used to treat heart failure and other heart conditions, possibly helping to improve some symptoms and lessen future cardiac risks when combined with regular medications, but the evidence is conflicting. Though still controversial, some preliminary evidence suggests that Co Q10 may help to prevent or treat the adverse effects, such as muscle pains and liver problems, of taking statin-type cholesterol drugs. Follow the instructions on the bottle or get advice from your doctor or a dietitian. Co Q10 may lower blood sugar levels and blood pressure.


Question: Does caffeine increase the risk of osteoporosis, heart disease, and cancer?

Answer: Here are the facts: Osteoporosis and caffeine. At high levels (more than 744 milligrams/day), caffeine may increase calcium and magnesium loss in urine. But recent studies suggest it does not increase your risk for bone loss, especially if you get enough calcium. You can offset the calcium lost from drinking one cup of coffee by adding just two tablespoons of milk. However, research does show links between caffeine and hip fracture risk in older adults. Older adults may be more sensitive to the effects of caffeine on calcium metabolism. If you're an older woman, discuss with your health care provider whether you should limit your daily caffeine intake to 300 milligrams or less. Cardiovascular disease and caffeine. A slight, temporary rise in heart rate and blood pressure is common in those who are sensitive to caffeine. But several large studies do not link caffeine to higher cholesterol, irregular heartbeats, or an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. If you already have high blood pressure or heart problems, though, have a discussion with your doctor about your caffeine intake. You may be more sensitive to its effects. Also, more research is needed to tell whether caffeine increases the risk for stroke in people with high blood pressure. Cancer and caffeine. Reviews of 13 studies involving 20,000 people revealed no relationship between cancer and caffeine. In fact, caffeine may even have a protective effect against certain cancers.


Question: Is caffeine harmful for women trying to get pregnant?

Answer: Many studies show no links between low amounts of caffeine (a cup of coffee per day) and any of the following: trouble conceiving miscarriage birth defects premature birth low birth rate At the same time, for pregnant women or those attempting pregnancy, the March of Dimes suggests fewer than 200 milligrams of caffeine per day. This is equal to one large cup of coffee per day. This recommendation comes because, in limited studies, women consuming higher amounts of caffeine had an increased risk for miscarriage.


Question: Does caffeine have a dehydrating effect?

Answer: However, the fluid you consume in caffeinated beverages tends to offset the effects of fluid loss when you urinate. The bottom line is that although caffeine does act as a mild diuretic, studies show drinking caffeinated drinks in moderation doesn't actually cause dehydration.


Question: What happens if you suddenly stop taking caffeine?

Answer: If you stop taking caffeine abruptly, you may have symptoms for a day or more, especially if you consume two or more cups of coffee a day. Symptoms of withdrawal from caffeine include: headache fatigue anxiety irritability depressed mood difficulty concentrating No doubt, caffeine withdrawal can make for a few bad days.


Question: Can caffeine can help you sober up?

Answer: Actually, research suggests that people only think caffeine helps them sober up. For example, people who drink caffeine along with alcohol think they're OK behind the wheel. But the truth is reaction time and judgment are still impaired.


Question: Does caffeine harm children?

Answer: Some kids are sensitive to caffeine, developing temporary anxiety or irritability, with a "crash" afterwards. Also, most caffeine that kids drink is in sodas, energy drinks, or sweetened teas, all of which have high sugar content. These empty calories put kids at higher risk for obesity. Even if the caffeine itself isn't harmful, caffeinated drinks are generally not good for kids.


Question: Is caffeine addictive?

Answer: Caffeine is a stimulant to the central nervous system, and regular use of caffeine does cause mild physical dependence. But caffeine doesn't threaten your physical, social, or economic health the way addictive drugs do.


Question: Does caffeine cause insomnia?

Answer: But it also gets rid of it quickly. Processed mainly through the liver, caffeine has a relatively short half-life. This means it takes about five to seven hours, on average, to eliminate half of it from your body. After eight to 10 hours, 75% of the caffeine is gone. For most people, a cup of coffee or two in the morning won't interfere with sleep at night. Consuming caffeine later in the day, however, can interfere with sleep. If you're like most people, your sleep won't be affected if you don't consume caffeine at least six hours before going to bed. Your sensitivity may vary, though, depending on your metabolism and the amount of caffeine you regularly consume. People who are more sensitive may not only experience insomnia but also have caffeine side effects of nervousness and gastrointestinal upset.


Question: How often should someone with multiple sclerosis (MS) exercise and rest?

Answer: Exercise as often as you can without tiring yourself out. If the moves take too much effort, try working out in a cool-temperature pool. You'll put less pressure on your joints that way, so you'll use less energy. Rest when you need to. Stay active, but don't overdo it. Balance activity with periods of rest to give your muscles a chance to recover.


Question: What can help strengthen muscles for someone with multiple sclerosis (MS)?

Answer: Exercise keeps your muscles flexible and strong. It's a good idea to combine three types of exercise: Strength training. To keep your muscles strong, work them with light weights or exercise bands a couple of times a week.


Question: What type of exercise can help symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS)?

Answer: Put yourself in motion. Exercise keeps your muscles flexible and strong. It's a good idea to combine three types of exercise: Strength training. To keep your muscles strong, work them with light weights or exercise bands a couple of times a week. If you get a muscle spasm in the middle of your routine, stop and wait a few minutes for it to relax. Also stop if you feel any pain. Exercise should never hurt.


Question: What can I do when I have multiple sclerosis to strengthen my muscles?

Answer: Medicine and physical therapy can strengthen your muscles, prevent stiffness, and improve flexibility when you have multiple sclerosis ( MS).


Question: Should I work on my range of motion if I have multiple sclerosis?

Answer: To prevent stiffness, do exercises that take your joints through their full range of motion. For example, lift your arm up and over your head, or bring your leg out to the side and back.


Question: Should I exercise if I have multiple sclerosis?

Answer: Put yourself in motion. Exercise keeps your muscles flexible and strong.


Question: Should I stretch if I have multiple sclerosis?

Answer: Do a series of stretches at least twice a week. Pay special attention to muscles that tend to get tight and spasm, like the quadriceps, hamstrings, and calves. As you stretch, slowly move each muscle into position. Hold the position for up to 1 minute. Then gently release it. You can do these exercises alone, or you can work with a physical therapist who will show you how to do each movement safely and effectively.


Question: How often should I rest when I have multiple sclerosis?

Answer: Rest when you need to. Stay active, but don't overdo it. Balance activity with periods of rest to give your muscles a chance to recover.


Question: Should I do strength training if I have multiple sclerosis?

Answer: To keep your muscles strong, work them with light weights or exercise bands a couple of times a week. If you get a muscle spasm in the middle of your routine, stop and wait a few minutes for it to relax. Also stop if you feel any pain. Exercise should never hurt.


Question: Should I exercise often if I have multiple sclerosis?

Answer: Exercise as often as you can without tiring yourself out. If the moves take too much effort, try working out in a cool-temperature pool. You'll put less pressure on your joints that way, so you'll use less energy.


Question: Should I shift positions often to relieve muscle spasms from multiple sclerosis?

Answer: Sometimes you can relieve muscle spasms just by shifting position. To ease spasms in your knees and hips, lie on your stomach. Or turn on your side and put a pillow or rolled-up towel between your knees.


Question: Should I try relaxation techniques to sleep at night if I have multiple sclerosis?

Answer: Massage is another great way to soothe tight muscles so you can sleep.


Question: What is the treatment for IBS-M?

Answer: There is no cure for IBS, so the goal of treatment is to ease your symptoms so you feel better and can tackle your daily activities. When constipation is a major problem, as it often is with IBS- M, your doctor may suggest you take a fiber supplement. Prescription medications may also be part of your treatment. They may include drugs for constipation, diarrhea, pain, and depression or anxiety. However, drug treatment is often a challenge with IBS- M. That's because medication for diarrhea can make constipation worse, and vice-versa. The best medications for IBS- M may be those that have only a short-term effect.


Question: What common tests can diagnose mixed irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-M)?

Answer: Your doctor may order a few common tests, such as: Basic blood tests, including a complete blood count, to rule out other diseases A blood test for celiac disease (when your body can't digest gluten) If your main symptom is diarrhea, your doctor may test your stool If you have any âred flagâ issues such as weight loss, fever, bleeding, or a family history of digestive diseases (including colon cancer), you may need a colonoscopy.


Question: What are three types of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)?

Answer: IBS causes digestive problems like cramping, belly pain, and bloating; and diarrhea, constipation, or both. There are three types, which are grouped by the main bowel problem that you have. IBS- D (diarrhea) IBS- C (constipation) IBS- M (mixed), also known as IBS- A (alternating) It's called âmixedâ because you go back and forth between diarrhea and constipation, sometimes pretty quickly.


Question: What should you know about IBS-M?

Answer: IBS- D (diarrhea) IBS- C (constipation) IBS- M (mixed), also known as IBS- A (alternating) It's called âmixedâ because you go back and forth between diarrhea and constipation, sometimes pretty quickly.


Question: What can help with IBS-M?

Answer: Relaxation techniques can also be a big help for people with the condition. Techniques like meditation or hypnosis can help ease symptoms and calm some of the stress of living with IBS- M.


Question: What are the different types of irritable bowel syndrome?

Answer: IBS causes digestive problems like cramping, belly pain, and bloating; and diarrhea, constipation, or both. There are three types, which are grouped by the main bowel problem that you have. IBS- D (diarrhea) IBS- C (constipation) IBS- M (mixed), also known as IBS- A (alternating) It's called âmixedâ because you go back and forth between diarrhea and constipation, sometimes pretty quickly.


Question: What diet changes are recommended for mixed irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-M)?

Answer: You may need to try some diet changes to find out which foods make you feel better and which ones make your symptoms worse. For example, if gas is a problem, see if you feel better by avoiding foods that can cause it, such as: Beans Onions Celery Carrots Raisins Apricots Prunes Brussels sprouts Pretzels Bagels Many people with IBS feel better when they follow a diet that's low in FODMAPs, a type of carbohydrate.


Question: What tests are used to diagnose IBS-M?

Answer: Some possible reasons behind it include: Your genes Infections Inflammation The way your brain and your digestive tract signal each other Psychological factors, like stress or past trauma Your diet Gut bacteria There are no tests that can tell for sure whether you have IBS- M. It's tough for doctors to diagnose any type of the condition. They generally rely on the symptoms you describe and their experience treating IBS to make a diagnosis.


Question: When do you need a colonoscopy for IBS-M?

Answer: Your doctor may order a few common tests, such as: Basic blood tests, including a complete blood count, to rule out other diseases A blood test for celiac disease (when your body can't digest gluten) If your main symptom is diarrhea, your doctor may test your stool If you have any âred flagâ issues such as weight loss, fever, bleeding, or a family history of digestive diseases (including colon cancer), you may need a colonoscopy. For this test, the doctor looks inside your large intestine using a tool with a tiny camera.


Question: How is mixed irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-M) treated?

Answer: There is no cure for IBS, so the goal of treatment is to ease your symptoms so you feel better and can tackle your daily activities. When constipation is a major problem, as it often is with IBS- M, your doctor may suggest you take a fiber supplement. Prescription medications may also be part of your treatment. They may include drugs for constipation, diarrhea, pain, and depression or anxiety. However, drug treatment is often a challenge with IBS- M. That's because medication for diarrhea can make constipation worse, and vice-versa. The best medications for IBS- M may be those that have only a short-term effect.


Question: What causes mixed irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-M)?

Answer: Doctors don't really know what causes the condition. It may happen for a number of reasons, which could be different from person to person. Some possible reasons behind it include: Your genes Infections Inflammation The way your brain and your digestive tract signal each other Psychological factors, like stress or past trauma Your diet Gut bacteria There are no tests that can tell for sure whether you have IBS- M. It's tough for doctors to diagnose any type of the condition.


Question: What can you do to live with IBS-M?

Answer: For some, medications can be an important part of getting IBS- M under control. But there's more you can do to feel better -- physically and mentally -- with this condition. You may need to try some diet changes to find out which foods make you feel better and which ones make your symptoms worse. For example, if gas is a problem, see if you feel better by avoiding foods that can cause it, such as: Beans Onions Celery Carrots Raisins Apricots Prunes Brussels sprouts Pretzels Bagels Many people with IBS feel better when they follow a diet that's low in FODMAPs, a type of carbohydrate. Others say it helps to avoid foods that have lactose, the sugar in milk.


Question: What causes IBS-M?

Answer: It may happen for a number of reasons, which could be different from person to person. Some possible reasons behind it include: Your genes Infections Inflammation The way your brain and your digestive tract signal each other Psychological factors, like stress or past trauma Your diet Gut bacteria There are no tests that can tell for sure whether you have IBS- M. It's tough for doctors to diagnose any type of the condition.


Question: Why is mixed irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-M) called mixed?

Answer: IBS- D (diarrhea) IBS- C (constipation) IBS- M (mixed), also known as IBS- A (alternating) It's called âmixedâ because you go back and forth between diarrhea and constipation, sometimes pretty quickly. And some studies have found that people with this type tend to have more belly pain or discomfort than those who have IBS- C or D. The difference between occasional digestive issues and IBS is that, with IBS, discomfort and bowel troubles are common and go on for months.


Question: What do I need to know about alternating irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-M)?

Answer: The same goes for constipation. But if you get both of them often, you may have a type of irritable bowel syndrome ( IBS). Specifically, you may have IBS- M, the mixed type. IBS- D (diarrhea) IBS- C (constipation) IBS- M (mixed), also known as IBS- A (alternating) It's called âmixedâ because you go back and forth between diarrhea and constipation, sometimes pretty quickly.


Question: What will your doctor check for to diagnose IBS-M?

Answer: Your doctor may order a few common tests, such as: Basic blood tests, including a complete blood count, to rule out other diseases A blood test for celiac disease (when your body can't digest gluten) If your main symptom is diarrhea, your doctor may test your stool If you have any âred flagâ issues such as weight loss, fever, bleeding, or a family history of digestive diseases (including colon cancer), you may need a colonoscopy. If you have any new symptoms, tell your doctor.


Question: When is colonoscopy used in the diagnosis of mixed irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-M)?

Answer: IBS- D (diarrhea) IBS- C (constipation) IBS- M (mixed), also known as IBS- A (alternating) It's called âmixedâ because you go back and forth between diarrhea and constipation, sometimes pretty quickly. Your doctor may order a few common tests, such as: Basic blood tests, including a complete blood count, to rule out other diseases A blood test for celiac disease (when your body can't digest gluten) If your main symptom is diarrhea, your doctor may test your stool If you have any âred flagâ issues such as weight loss, fever, bleeding, or a family history of digestive diseases (including colon cancer), you may need a colonoscopy. For this test, the doctor looks inside your large intestine using a tool with a tiny camera.


Question: What is IBS-M?

Answer: The same goes for constipation. But if you get both of them often, you may have a type of irritable bowel syndrome ( IBS). Specifically, you may have IBS- M, the mixed type. IBS- D (diarrhea) IBS- C (constipation) IBS- M (mixed), also known as IBS- A (alternating) It's called âmixedâ because you go back and forth between diarrhea and constipation, sometimes pretty quickly.


Question: What are some alternative therapies for menopause symptoms?

Answer: These are the most effective treatments for hot flashes, and can also help with vaginal dryness and mood problems. If you are unable or do not want to take hormones, there are treatments that your doctor can prescribe to alleviate some of the symptoms of menopause. Talk to your doctor before taking any of these therapies.


Question: What are side effects of medications for spinal stenosis?

Answer: Spinal stenosis is a narrowing of the canal in your spinal column that affects mostly people age 50 and older. Spinal stenosis is commonly treated with medication, both over-the-counter and prescription. Too many NSAIDs can cause ulcers and other stomach problems and, especially among older people, may increase the chance of heart attacks and strokes. They might also interact with other medicines. Always check with your doctor before taking any medications, even those that don't need a prescription.


Question: How might surgery help treat spinal stenosis?

Answer: Spinal stenosis is a narrowing of the canal in your spinal column that affects mostly people age 50 and older. Some also use traction, which involves pulling bones further apart to make more room for the nerves. If these treatments don't work, your doctor may suggest surgery, especially if: You're in a lot of pain You have trouble walking You can't control your bladder In fact, your doctor may recommend surgery first if you have severe symptoms.


Question: What should you do if you have skin cysts?

Answer: Try putting a bathwater-warm washcloth on it for 20 to 30 minutes, three to four times a day, to help soothe it and speed healing. Wrap it in a bandage if it starts to drain and make an appointment with your doctor.


Question: How do doctors treat skin cysts?

Answer: Your doctor can easily treat them. Options include: Draining the cyst. The doctor cuts the cyst and pushes out the gunk inside. Cysts can still return after this. Injecting medicine into the cyst to reduce swelling if it's tender, swollen or growing, Removing it by minor surgery to take out the entire cyst wall. This usually keeps them from coming back. Laser removal.


Question: What should you know about skin cysts?

Answer: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } People often get painless little bumps under their skin, called cysts. Cysts can develop on most parts of the body. Some are found in hair follicles. They can develop for many reasons -- and sometimes for no obvious reason. They are more common in men than in women. Skin cysts don't need treatment most of the time. They're usually painless and nothing to worry about, unless they get sore or infected. But if you have a cyst that bothers you or is embarrassing, you should discuss it with your doctor. Also, let your doctor know about any skin conditions you have so he can check them for signs of a serious problem.


Question: What should you avoid doing if you have skin cysts?

Answer: It might be tempting, but don't try to pop or drain the cyst yourself. That can cause infection, and the cyst will probably come back.


Question: How can shingles cause chest pain?

Answer: Caused by the varicella zoster virus, shingles may prompt a sharp, band-like pain before a telltale rash appears several days later.


Question: How can pneumonia or lung abscess cause chest pain?

Answer: These lung infections can cause pleuritic and other types of chest pain, such as a deep chest ache. Pneumonia often comes on suddenly, causing fever, chills, cough, and pus coughed up from the respiratory tract.


Question: How do anxiety and panic attacks cause chest pain?

Answer: Another potential cause of chest pain is anxiety and panic attacks. Some associated symptoms can include dizziness, sensation of shortness of breath, palpitations, tingling sensations, and trembling.


Question: How can pancreatitis cause chest pain?

Answer: You may have pancreatitis if you have pain in the lower chest that is often worse when you lie flat and better when you lean forward.


Question: How can gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) cause chest pain?

Answer: Also known as acid reflux, GERD occurs when stomach contents move back into the throat. This may cause a sour taste in the mouth and a burning sensation in the chest or throat, known as heartburn. Factors that may trigger acid reflux include obesity, smoking, pregnancy, and spicy or fatty foods. Heart pain and heartburn from acid reflux feel similar partly because the heart and esophagus are located close to each other and share a nerve network.


Question: How can esophageal rupture or perforation cause chest pain?

Answer: A sudden, severe chest pain following vomiting or a procedure involving the esophagus may be the sign of a rupture in the esophagus.


Question: How can pulmonary hypertension cause chest pain?

Answer: With chest pain resembling that of angina, this abnormally high blood pressure in the lung arteries makes the right side of the heart work too hard.


Question: When should you see the doctor for chest pain?

Answer: When in doubt, call your doctor about any chest pain you have, especially if it comes on suddenly or is not relieved by anti-inflammatory medications or other self-care steps, such as changing your diet. Call 911 if you have any of these symptoms along with chest pain: A sudden feeling of pressure, squeezing, tightness, or crushing under your breastbone Chest pain that spreads to your jaw, left arm, or back Sudden sharp chest pain with shortness of breath, especially after a long period of inactivity Nausea, dizziness, rapid heart rate or rapid breathing, confusion, ashen color, or excessive sweating Very low blood pressure or very low heart rate Call your doctor if you have any of these symptoms: Fever, chills, or coughing up yellow-green mucus Problems swallowing Severe chest pain that does not go away


Question: How can hypertrophic cardiomyopathy cause chest pain?

Answer: This genetic disease causes the heart muscle to grow abnormally thick. Sometimes this leads to problems with blood flow out of the heart. Chest pain and shortness of breath often occur with exercise. Over time, heart failure may occur when the heart muscle becomes very thickened. This makes the heart work harder to pump blood. Along with chest pain, this type of cardiomyopathy may cause dizziness, lightheadedness, fainting, and other symptoms.


Question: How can esophageal contraction disorders cause chest pain?

Answer: Uncoordinated muscle contractions (spasms) and high-pressure contractions (nutcracker esophagus) are problems in the esophagus that can cause chest pain.


Question: How can hiatal hernia cause chest pain?

Answer: This common problem occurs when the top of the stomach pushes into the lower chest after eating. This often causes reflux symptoms, including heartburn or chest pain. The pain tends to get worse when you lie down.


Question: How can myocarditis cause chest pain?

Answer: In addition to chest pain, this heart muscle inflammation may cause fever, fatigue, fast heart beat, and trouble breathing. Although no blockage exists, myocarditis symptoms can resemble those of a heart attack.


Question: How can pneumothorax cause chest pain?

Answer: This can cause pain known as angina. This common problem occurs when the top of the stomach pushes into the lower chest after eating.


Question: How can esophageal hypersensitivity cause chest pain?

Answer: Heart pain and heartburn from acid reflux feel similar partly because the heart and esophagus are located close to each other and share a nerve network. This occurs when the esophagus becomes very painful at the smallest change in pressure or exposure to acid. The cause of this sensitivity is unknown.


Question: How can rib problems cause chest pain?

Answer: Sometimes chest pain may result from overuse or an injury to the chest area from a fall or accident. Pain from a rib fracture may worsen with deep breathing or coughing. It is often confined to one area and may feel sore when you press on it. The area where the ribs join the breastbone may also become inflamed.


Question: As Iâm being treated for cancer, how can I get support for everyday tasks?

Answer: Let people help. If someone says, " What can I do?" have an answer for them. Let people pitch in with everyday chores like cooking, cleaning, and running errands. Ask a friend to write down important questions, and make sure you ask them. Let someone help keep track of your insurance and appointments. They'll probably be happy if you reach out with a quick call or message saying you'd love a certain snack or could use help with a task like walking the dog or doing the laundry.


Question: How can joining a support group help me and my family deal with cancer?

Answer: This can help you manage your feelings by letting you talk and share with people who feel the same way. Members often talk about which treatments worked for them and how they faced challenges. When you talk to other people, you feel like part of a community. Some are just for people who have cancer. Others include your main caregiver, often a spouse or other close family member. Family members or children may find one just for them. Remember that your friends and family members may not know what you need or even what you want to talk about.


Question: What are the signs of infection after a colposcopy?

Answer: But call your doctor right away if you show any signs of infection, such as: Fever of 100.4 F or higher Heavy, yellow, stinky vaginal discharge Severe pain in your lower abdomen that isn't relieved by over-the-counter pain relievers Vaginal bleeding that lasts more than 7 days There's always a risk that test results are incorrect.


Question: What is a loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) for cervical cancer?

Answer: Your doctor removes abnormal cells with a wire loop that carries an electric current.


Question: Is it possible that colposcopy results are incorrect?

Answer: But call your doctor right away if you show any signs of infection, such as: Fever of 100.4 F or higher Heavy, yellow, stinky vaginal discharge Severe pain in your lower abdomen that isn't relieved by over-the-counter pain relievers Vaginal bleeding that lasts more than 7 days There's always a risk that test results are incorrect. It's rare, but it happens. And there's a chance that abnormal cells can come back, even after your doctor removes them. That's why it's important to continue to get regular Pap smears and check-ups.


Question: What is cryotherapy for cervical cancer?

Answer: Your doctor uses liquid gas to freeze abnormal cells from your cervix.


Question: Why would my doctor recommend I have a colposcopy?

Answer: Your doctor can use a colposcopy to diagnose cervical cancer, genital warts, vaginal cancer, and vulvar cancer, as well.


Question: How can I prepare for a colposcopy?

Answer: Don't put anything inside your vagina -- like creams. This will make it hard for your doctor to see your cervix. And don't use tampons or have vaginal intercourse for a few days before. Call your doctor to reschedule if your period is heavy on the day of your appointment. And let her know if you're taking medicines that thin your blood. These could cause heavy bleeding during your procedure, especially if you have a biopsy, which is the removal of a tiny piece of tissue for testing. Lastly, let your doctor know if you're pregnant.


Question: What is a cone biopsy for cervical cancer?

Answer: Your doctor cuts a cone-shaped piece of tissue from your cervix to remove any precancerous cells. The abnormal cells are typically precancerous or cancerous.


Question: What is the recovery time for a colposcopy?

Answer: With both the colposcopy and the cervical biopsy, you should be able to go back to work or school right away. But don't put anything inside your vagina -- tampons, creams, etc. -- and don't have intercourse for at least 48 hours after your biopsy.


Question: What do the results of the biopsy show after a colposcopy?

Answer: The biopsy samples will be sent off for testing. The results will give your doctor an idea of what steps she should take next. If she's able to remove all the abnormal cells during the biopsy, you may not need more treatment.


Question: What are the risks of colposcopy?

Answer: A colposcopy is a simple procedure that lets your doctor get a good look at your cervix. Your doctor may apply a liquid bandage to your cervix after the procedure to stop any bleeding. If she does, you might have brown or black vaginal discharge. It may even look like coffee grounds. Don't worryâit should clear up in a few days.


Question: What should I do if I see someone in sudden cardiac arrest?

Answer: If you witness someone experiencing sudden cardiac arrest, dial 911 or your local emergency personnel immediately and initiate CPR. If done properly, CPR can save a person's life, as the procedure keeps blood and oxygen circulating through the body until help arrives. If there is an AED available, the best chance of rescuing the person includes defibrillation with that device. The shorter the time until defibrillation, the greater the chance the person will survive.


Question: What are symptoms of sudden cardiac arrest?

Answer: Some people may experience symptoms of sudden cardiac arrest, such as a racing heartbeat or feeling dizzy, alerting them that a potentially dangerous heart rhythm problem has started. In over half of the cases, however, sudden cardiac arrest occurs without prior symptoms.


Question: Who is at risk for sudden cardiac arrest?

Answer: There are many risk factors that can increase a person's risk of sudden cardiac arrest and sudden cardiac death, including the following: Previous heart attack with a large area of the heart damaged (75% of SCD cases are linked to a previous heart attack.) A person's risk of SCD is higher during the first 6 months after a heart attack. Coronary artery disease (80% of SCD cases are linked with this disease.) Risk factors for coronary artery disease include smoking, hypertension, family history of heart disease, and high cholesterol.


Question: How can you lower your risk for  sudden cardiac arrest?

Answer: These lifestyle changes include: Quitting smoking Losing weight Exercising regularly Following a heart-healthy diet Managing diabetes Managing other health conditions including high blood pressure and cholesterol If you have questions or are unsure how make these changes, talk to your doctor. Patients and families should know the signs and symptoms of coronary artery disease and the steps to take if symptoms occur. Medications: To help reduce the risk of sudden cardiac arrest, doctors may prescribe medications to people who have had heart attacks or who have heart failure or arrhythmias such as irregular heart rhythms.


Question: Can medications lower your risk of sudden cardiac arrest?

Answer: These drugs may include ACE inhibitors, beta-blockers, calcium-channel blockers, and other antiarrhythmics. For patients with high cholesterol and coronary artery disease, statin drugs may be prescribed.


Question: Are athletes at risk for sudden cardiac death?

Answer: Cause: Many cases of SCD are related to undetected heart disease. In the younger population, SCD is often caused by congenital heart defects, while in older athletes (ages 35 and older), the cause is more often related to coronary artery disease. Prevalence: In the younger population, most SCD occurs while playing team sports. It occurs in about one in 50,000 athletes, and more often in males. In older athletes (ages 35 and older), SCD occurs more often while running or jogging. Screening: The American Heart Association recommends cardiovascular screening for high school and collegiate athletes and should include a complete and careful evaluation of the athlete's personal and family history and a physical exam.


Question: Can you prevent sudden cardiac death?

Answer: Keeping regular follow-up appointments with your doctor, making certain lifestyle changes, taking medications as prescribed, and having interventional procedures or surgery (as recommended) are ways you can reduce your risk.


Question: Can your family members help if you're at risk for sudden cardiac death?

Answer: Educate Your Family Members: If you are at risk for SCD, talk to your family members so they understand your condition and the importance of seeking immediate care in the event of an emergency. Family members and friends of those at risk for SCD should know how to perform CPR.


Question: How is sudden cardiac arrest different from a heart attack?

Answer: Sudden cardiac arrest is not a heart attack (myocardial infarction) but can occur during a heart attack. Heart attacks occur when there is a blockage in one or more of the arteries to the heart, preventing the heart from receiving enough oxygen-rich blood. The heart beats dangerously fast. In the first few minutes, the greatest concern is that blood flow to the brain will be reduced so drastically that a person will lose consciousness. Death follows unless emergency treatment is begun immediately.


Question: What is sudden cardiac death?

Answer: Sudden cardiac death ( SCD) is a sudden, unexpected death caused by a change in heart rhythm (sudden cardiac arrest). It is the largest cause of natural death in the U. S., causing about 325,000 adult deaths in the U. S. each year. Most sudden cardiac deaths are caused by abnormal heart rhythms called arrhythmias. The most common life-threatening arrhythmia is ventricular fibrillation, which is an erratic, disorganized firing of impulses from the ventricles (the heart's lower chambers). When this occurs, the heart is unable to pump blood and death will occur within minutes, if left untreated.


Question: Can you survive sudden cardiac arrest?

Answer: Survival can be as high as 90% if treatment is initiated within the first minutes after sudden cardiac arrest. The rate decreases by about 10% each minute longer it takes to initiate therapy. It is CPR plus defibrillation that saves a person.


Question: Can an ICD prevent sudden cardiac death?

Answer: Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator ( ICD): For people whose risk factors put them at great risk for sudden cardiac death, an ICD may be inserted as a preventive treatment. An ICD is a small machine similar to a pacemaker that is designed to correct arrhythmias. The ICD may be used in patients who have survived sudden cardiac arrest and need their heart rhythms constantly monitored. It may also be combined with a pacemaker to treat other underlying irregular heart rhythms.


Question: Can eating too much sodium make you more likely to get kidney stones?

Answer: It can raise your chances of getting several types of kidney stones. So watch out for salty snacks, canned foods, packaged meats, and other processed foods.


Question: Are gut problems linked to kidney stones?

Answer: Stones are the most common kidney problem in people with inflammatory bowel disease like Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Bowel problems can give you diarrhea, so you make less pee. Your body may absorb extra oxalate from the intestine, so more gets in your urine.


Question: How can not drinking enough water cause kidney stones?

Answer: You need to make enough urine to dilute the things that can turn into stones. If you don't drink enough or sweat too much, your pee may look dark. It should be pale yellow or clear.


Question: How can eating the wrong foods play a role in you getting kidney stones?

Answer: What you eat can play a big role in whether you get one of these stones. The most common type of kidney stone happens when calcium and oxalate stick together when your kidneys make urine. Oxalate is a chemical that's in many healthy foods and vegetables. Your doctor may tell you to limit high-oxalate foods if you've had this type of stone before. Examples include: Spinach Rhubarb Grits Bran cereal You may have heard that drinking milk can bring on kidney stones.


Question: Is animal protein linked to kidney stones?

Answer: Another kind of kidney stone forms when your pee is too acidic. Red meat and shellfish can make uric acid in your body rise. This can collect in the joints and cause gout or go to your kidneys and make a stone. More importantly, animal protein raises your urine's calcium level and lowers the amount of citrate, both of which encourage stones.


Question: Is gout linked to kidney stones?

Answer: This condition makes uric acid build up in the blood and form crystals in the joints and the kidneys. The kidney stones can become large and very painful.


Question: Can you get kidney stones from drinking milk?

Answer: Examples include: Spinach Rhubarb Grits Bran cereal You may have heard that drinking milk can bring on kidney stones. That's not true.


Question: Can obesity raise your odds of getting kidney stones?

Answer: You're almost twice as likely to get a kidney stone if you're obese. That's when your body mass index is 30 or above. If you're 5 feet 10 inches tall, obesity starts at 210 pounds. Weight loss surgery can help you shed pounds and improve your health. But studies suggest that people who have the most common weight loss operation, the Roux-en- Y gastric bypass, have an increased risk of stones. Not every weight loss surgery carries this risk. Only the ones that cause malabsorption..


Question: Can type 2 diabetes raise your risk for kidney stones?

Answer: It can make your urine more acidic, which encourages stones.


Question: Can certain medications bring on kidney stones?

Answer: Some that can cause stones include: Certain antibiotics, including ciprofloxacin and sulfa antibiotics Some drugs to treat HIV and AIDS Certain diuretics used to treat high blood pressure. But some thiazide-type diuretics actually help prevent stones.


Question: Will your doctor check your abdomen during a physical exam?

Answer: Your doctor can use a range of examination techniques including tapping your abdomen to detect liver size and presence of abdominal fluid, listening for bowel sounds with a stethoscope, and palpating for tenderness.


Question: Will your doctor check your heart and lungs during a physical exam?

Answer: Listening to your heart with a stethoscope, a doctor might detect an irregular heartbeat, a heart murmur, or other clues to heart disease. Lung Exam. Using a stethoscope, a doctor listens for crackles, wheezes, or decreased breath sounds. These and other sounds are clues to the presence of heart or lung disease.


Question: What might be included in an annual physical exam for a man?

Answer: Penis exam: A doctor might notice evidence of sexually transmitted infections such as warts or ulcers on the penis. Prostate exam: Inserting a finger in the rectum lets a doctor feel the prostate for its size and any suspicious areas.


Question: What vital signs will your doctor check during a physical exam?

Answer: Vital Signs.


Question: Will you get a screening lipid panel (cholesterol test) during an annual physical exam?

Answer: A screening lipid panel (cholesterol test) is recommended every 4 to 6 years, according to the American Heart Association. Your doctor might check more frequently if you have risk factors for heart disease. Abnormal cholesterol levels increase the risk for heart attacks and strokes.


Question: What might be included in an annual physical exam for a woman?

Answer: An annual physical exam for men might also include: Testicular exam: A doctor can check each testicle for lumps, tenderness, or changes in size. Feeling for abnormal lumps may detect breast cancer or benign breast conditions. The doctor will also check the lymph nodes in the underarm area and look for visual abnormalities of the breasts and nipples. Pelvic exam: The pelvic exam allows examination of the vulva, vagina, cervix, uterus and ovaries. Routine checks for sexually transmitted infections are often done. A Pap test and HPV test can screen for cervical cancer and help assess risk.


Question: What are mood stabilizers for bipolar disorder?

Answer: Mood stabilizers are medicines that treat and prevent highs (mania) and lows (depression). They also help to keep your moods from interfering with work, school, or your social life.


Question: Which antipsychotic drugs are used for bipolar disorder today?

Answer: These drugs include: Haloperidol ( Haldol) Loxapine ( Loxitane) or loxapine inhaled ( Adasuve) Risperidone ( Risperdal) Today, doctors may prescribe newer antipsychotic drugs, including: Aripiprazole ( Abilify) Asenapine ( Saphris) Cariprazine ( Vraylar) Lurasidone ( Latuda) Olanzapine ( Zyprexa) Quetiapine fumarate ( Seroquel) Ziprasidone ( Geodon) If you have sleep problems along with bipolar symptoms, you may get a type of drug called a benzodiazepine.


Question: What should you know about mood stabilizers for bipolar disorder?

Answer: Not all of these drugs have the same effects, though. Some (such as lithium) are better at treating mania. Others (such as lamotrigine) may be more useful for depression. Keep in mind that the term "mood stabilizer" can be misleading. If you take one, your mood can still change during the day. These medicines treat full episodes of mania or depression that last for several days or weeks at a time.


Question: What are some tips for taking medications for bipolar disorder?

Answer: If you have bipolar disorder, taking your medication should be part of your routine. Take it at the same time every day. It's easier to remember if you do it along with another daily activity, like brushing your teeth, eating breakfast, or getting into bed. A weekly pillbox can help you see if you've missed a dose. Be sure to talk to your pharmacist or doctor about the best time of day to take your bipolar medications. Some are best if you take them in the morning or at bedtime and others with meals or after meals. Make sure you know what to do if you accidentally miss a dose. Ask your doctor. Don't assume that doubling up is a good idea.


Question: Do side effects of medications for bipolar disorder go away?

Answer: If you still feel bad after that, see your doctor. Don't assume you have to just live with the side effects. Your doctor may be able to change your dose, give you another medicine to control the side effects, or try a different medication altogether.


Question: What are examples of mood stabilizers for bipolar disorder?

Answer: Examples include: Carbamazepine ( Carbatrol, Epitol, Equetro, Tegretol) Divalproex sodium ( Depakote) Lamotrigine ( Lamictal) Lithium Valproic acid ( Depakene) Some of these drugs are known as anticonvulsants, including carbamazepine, lamotrigine, and valproic acid.


Question: What medicines are used for bipolar depression?

Answer: Most of the time, doctors will start bipolar treatment by prescribing a mood-stabilizing drug like lithium. But the FDA has approved some medicines for bipolar depression, too: Fluoxetine combined with olanzapine ( Symbyax) Quetiapine fumarate ( Seroquel) Lurasidone ( Latuda). You might take it alone or with lithium or valproic acid. For some people, traditional antidepressants may trigger a manic episode. Because of this risk, your doctor should keep track of you closely if you take one.


Question: What medications can help treat bipolar disorder and sleeping problems?

Answer: These drugs include: Haloperidol ( Haldol) Loxapine ( Loxitane) or loxapine inhaled ( Adasuve) Risperidone ( Risperdal) Today, doctors may prescribe newer antipsychotic drugs, including: Aripiprazole ( Abilify) Asenapine ( Saphris) Cariprazine ( Vraylar) Lurasidone ( Latuda) Olanzapine ( Zyprexa) Quetiapine fumarate ( Seroquel) Ziprasidone ( Geodon) If you have sleep problems along with bipolar symptoms, you may get a type of drug called a benzodiazepine. Doctors usually prescribe these drugs to treat anxiety and sleep disorders, but they can be part of bipolar treatment, too. Common benzodiazepines include: Alprazolam ( Xanax) Clonazepam ( Klonopin) Diazepam ( Valium) Lorazepam ( Ativan) Newer sleep medications such as eszopiclone ( Lunesta) and zaleplon ( Sonata) may cause fewer problems with memory and thinking than benzodiazepines.


Question: What medications can treat bipolar disorder?

Answer: Doctors use many types of drugs to treat bipolar disorder. Some fight the extreme highs of mania and others treat the depression. You might take one drug at a time or a few at the same time. The best bipolar medicine is the one that works best for you. Work with your doctor to decide on the medication plan that helps you the most. You may keep taking these medications for years or decades, even if it's been a long time since your last manic or depressive episode. This is called maintenance therapy.


Question: What are some guidelines for taking medications that treat bipolar disorder?

Answer: Drugs called antipsychotic medications are also common in bipolar treatment plans. Don't stop taking a medicine without your doctor's approval. It can be dangerous. When you're feeling good, you might decide that you want to stop taking your medication. Treatment only during mood episodes may not be enough to prevent symptoms from coming back. In most people, maintenance treatment between mood episodes makes mania and depression happen less often and makes them less severe. If you're feeling good now, that's likely because your medication is working.


Question: What is the role of medications for bipolar disorder?

Answer: Bipolar distorts your view of yourself and the world, but the medicine can help you to see things clearly again. Medications are an essential part of a treatment plan. They won't cure you, but they will help you keep your moods in balance so you can do the things you need and want to do. If you have bipolar disorder, taking your medication should be part of your routine.


Question: Will medications for bipolar disorder work for me?

Answer: Work with your doctor to decide on the medication plan that helps you the most. You may need to try several different kinds and different doses to figure out the right approach. It can be frustrating, but don't give up. Eventually, you and your doctor should be able to find a prescription that works for you.


Question: Can visual impairments be passed genetically?

Answer: Infantile cataracts (a cloudy lens) and congenital glaucoma (a disorder that damages the optic nerve) often run in families.


Question: What is ptosis?

Answer: Ptosis , or drooping of the upper eyelid, usually requires surgery if it affects vision or can be corrected in adulthood for cosmetic reasons.


Question: Can I make time for myself if my child is severely visually impaired?

Answer: Learn all you can about your child's disability and the options for treatment and education.


Question: What is amblyopia (lazy eye)?

Answer: Amblyopia, also know as "lazy eye," occurs when vision in one eye is reduced. This happens because the brain and eye are not working together. Patching or special eye drops may help treat it.


Question: How can I educate myself if my child is severely visually impaired?

Answer: Learn all you can about your child's disability and the options for treatment and education. Look at other articles on this web site, and seek out relevant information from government and nonprofit organizations that offer resources for families of visually impaired children.


Question: Where can I find a support system if my child is severely visually impaired?

Answer: Seek out other parents of visually impaired children. They will be a wonderful source of information and support. Ask your doctor or learning specialist for referrals to parents' support groups in your area.


Question: What is albinism?

Answer: This genetic condition affects the pigment of the skin, and often causes eye problems.


Question: What are symptoms of vision problems in older children?

Answer: He or she can refer you to an eye doctor if needed: Redness or swelling in the eye Lots of tearing or blinking Poor eye alignment Frequent rubbing of one or both eyes Frequent closing or covering of one eye Extreme sensitivity to light Trouble tracking an object in range of vision Tilting the head when trying to focus Eyes that appear asymmetric or that show white reflection in photos These are other possible symptoms of vision problems you may notice in an older child: Trouble seeing the blackboard at school (check with your child or child's teacher) Sitting very close to the television Leaning close to books while reading or doing homework Dizziness Headaches or nausea Visually impaired children can have learning problems that range from mild to severe.


Question: What is retinopathy of prematurity (ROP)?

Answer: This occurs most often in premature and low-birthweight babies. It is the result of abnormal blood vessels or scarring in the eye's retina. The problem often resolves by itself.


Question: Should my child get their eyes checked?

Answer: Everyone needs regular eye exams. This is particularly important if your child has risk factors or a family history of eye problems. Children need their vision checked at infancy, 6 months, between 3 and 3 1/2 years, and upon entering school, around the age of 5.


Question: What is cortical visual impairment (CVI)?

Answer: This is a result of a problem in the area of the brain that controls vision. Not enough oxygen to the brain, brain injury, or infections such as encephalitis and meningitis can cause CVI. It can lead to temporary or permanent vision impairment and blindness.


Question: What does nearsightedness mean?

Answer: These are common vision problems: Nearsightedness (myopia) is a problem with focusing that makes distant objects appear blurry. Glasses or contacts can usually improve it.


Question: How common are vision problems in children?

Answer: Children need their vision checked at infancy, 6 months, between 3 and 3 1/2 years, and upon entering school, around the age of 5.


Question: What does farsightedness mean?

Answer: Farsightedness (hyperopia) is a problem with focusing that makes close objects appear blurry. Glasses or contacts can usually improve it.


Question: What is astigmatism?

Answer: Glasses can usually improve it. Amblyopia, also know as "lazy eye," occurs when vision in one eye is reduced.


Question: Are all visual impairments due to problems within the eye?

Answer: Some have nothing to do with the eye itself, but are the result of a problem in the way the brain processes information. He or she can refer you to an eye doctor if needed: Redness or swelling in the eye Lots of tearing or blinking Poor eye alignment Frequent rubbing of one or both eyes Frequent closing or covering of one eye Extreme sensitivity to light Trouble tracking an object in range of vision Tilting the head when trying to focus Eyes that appear asymmetric or that show white reflection in photos These are other possible symptoms of vision problems you may notice in an older child: Trouble seeing the blackboard at school (check with your child or child's teacher) Sitting very close to the television Leaning close to books while reading or doing homework Dizziness Headaches or nausea Visually impaired children can have learning problems that range from mild to severe.


Question: When does visual impairment in children require specialized education?

Answer: You will need to ensure that your child gets the support she needs to learn and flourish. If your child's visual impairment is severe, he or she may need help from other specialists to develop life skills. Rehabilitation specialists can help find the resources that will be most helpful, given your child's condition. If your child's visual impairment is severe, you'll need extra support.


Question: Can vision problems cause learning problems?

Answer: There are many types of visual impairments, and they can range in degree from mild to severe. Their educational needs and options will depend on the nature of their disability.


Question: What do I do if my child is visually impaired?

Answer: If your child's visual impairment is serious, give yourself time to adjust. You will be your child's best advocate in the years to come. There are many types of visual impairments, and they can range in degree from mild to severe. If your child's visual impairment is severe, you'll need extra support. Learn all you can about your child's disability and the options for treatment and education.


Question: How can I maintain relationships if I have a severely visually impaired child?

Answer: Learn all you can about your child's disability and the options for treatment and education. Nurture your relationship by having frequent dates and private time together. Don't forget your other children, too.


Question: What is strabismus?

Answer: Strabismus occurs when the eyes are out of alignment. If detected early, temporarily patching the normal eye may resolve the problem by forcing the brain to use the affected eye. If your child's visual impairment is severe, you'll need extra support.


Question: What kinds of desserts can trigger heartburn?

Answer: Omega-3 fatty acids = .1 g Omega-6 fatty acids = .2 g Rich desserts and desserts with chocolate or peppermint may trigger heartburn in some people.


Question: What can you learn from a semen analysis?

Answer: Some things you can learn from the analysis: Amount and thickness of semen.


Question: What can you do to improve the health of your sperm?

Answer: Many of the things you do to keep yourself healthy can also do the same for sperm. Try some of these tips: Don't smoke or use illicit drugs, especially anabolic steroids. Avoid contact with toxins such as pesticides and heavy metals. Limit how much alcohol you drink. Eat a healthy diet and keep your weight under control. Keep your scrotum cool, because heat slows down the making of sperm. To do this, avoid hot baths, wear boxers instead of briefs, and try not to wear tight pants.


Question: How long do sperm live if they are inside a woman's body?

Answer: But the odds that sperm in a tub of water will find their way inside a woman's body and cause her to get pregnant are extremely low. When sperm are inside a woman's body, they can live for up to 5 days. If you're a man and you have sex even a few days before your partner ovulates, there's chance she may get pregnant.


Question: Do men keep making sperm when they're older?

Answer: The amount of sperm you make goes down as you get older, but even elderly men have fathered children.


Question: How long do sperm live outside the body?

Answer: The answer depends on a number of things, but the most important is where the sperm are located. When sperm are inside a woman's body, they can live for up to 5 days. Also called sperm density, this is the number of sperm in millions per milliliter of semen. This is the percentage of sperm in a sample that are moving, as well as an assessment of how they move.


Question: How can internal or implant radiation help with treating brain cancer?

Answer: Internal or implant radiation uses a tiny radioactive capsule that is placed inside the tumor itself. The radiation emitted from the capsule destroys the tumor. The radioactivity of the capsule decreases a little bit each day and is carefully calculated to run out when the optimal dose has been given. You need to stay in the hospital for several days while receiving this treatment.


Question: How can stereotactic radiosurgery help with treating brain cancer?

Answer: Stereotactic radiosurgery is sometimes called a "knifeless" surgical technique, though it does not involve surgery. It destroys a brain tumor without opening the skull. A CT or MRI scan is used to pinpoint the exact location of the tumor in the brain. A single large dose of high-energy radiation beams are trained on the tumor from different angles. The radiation destroys the tumor. Stereotactic radiosurgery has fewer complications than open surgery and a shorter recovery time.


Question: What is the purpose of surgery for brain cancer?

Answer: Many people with a brain tumor undergo surgery. The purpose of surgery is to confirm that the abnormality seen during testing is indeed a tumor and to remove the tumor. If the tumor cannot be removed, the surgeon will take a sample of the tumor to identify its type. In some cases, mostly in benign tumors, symptoms can be completely cured by surgical removal of the tumor. The neurosurgeon will attempt to remove all the tumor when possible.


Question: How can external radiation help with treating brain cancer?

Answer: Radiation can be given in the following ways: External radiation uses a high-energy beam of radiation targeted at the tumor. The beam travels through the skin, the skull, healthy brain tissue, and other tissues to get to the tumor. The treatments are usually given five days a week for a certain amount of time. Each treatment takes only a few minutes.


Question: What treatments and procedures will I undergo before going through surgery for brain cancer?

Answer: For example: You may be given a steroid drug, such as dexamethasone ( Decadron), to relieve swelling. You may be treated with an anticonvulsant drug to relieve or prevent seizures. If you have excess cerebrospinal fluid collecting around the brain, a thin, plastic tube called a shunt may be placed to drain the fluid.


Question: What's the treatment for brain cancer?

Answer: Treatment of brain cancer is usually complex. The treatment protocols vary widely according to the location of the tumor, its size and type, your age, and any additional medical problems that you may have. The most widely used treatments are surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. In most cases, more than one of these is used.


Question: Is brain tumor treatment the same for everyone?

Answer: You and your loved ones will have many questions about brain cancer, the treatment, side effects, and the long-term outlook. Your health care team is the best source of this information. Don't hesitate to ask. The treatment protocols vary widely according to the location of the tumor, its size and type, your age, and any additional medical problems that you may have.


Question: How does radiation therapy help in treating brain cancer?

Answer: Radiation therapy may be used for people who cannot undergo surgery. In other cases, it is used after surgery to kill any tumor cells that may remain. Radiation therapy is a local therapy. It typically does not harm cells elsewhere in the body or even elsewhere in the brain. Chemotherapy is the use of powerful drugs to kill tumor cells.


Question: When should you go to the emergency room for pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)?

Answer: You'll need to go to the emergency room right away if you have: Severe pain in your lower belly Signs of shock, like fainting Vomiting Fever higher than 101 F Some of these also can be signs of other serious medical conditions, like appendicitis or an ectopic pregnancy (a pregnancy that happens in a fallopian tube outside the womb). You would need medical help right away for these as well.


Question: Why should you limit alcohol if you have osteopenia?

Answer: Too much beer, wine, or liquor can mess with the balance of calcium in your body and change how your body makes hormones and vitamins for healthy bones. Having too much to drink can also make you more likely to fall, which means you could break a bone.


Question: What are the natural treatments for osteopenia?

Answer: In some cases, especially if you've already broken a bone, your doctor may prescribe medicine to lower your chances for osteoporosis and to prevent more fractures. But many people try a number of nutritional supplements and herbs before they have a fracture to build stronger bones. The main ones are calcium and vitamin D supplements.


Question: What medications treat osteopenia?

Answer: In some cases, especially if you've already broken a bone, your doctor may prescribe medicine to lower your chances for osteoporosis and to prevent more fractures. Teriparatide ( Forteo ) is a drug that acts like a hormone made by your parathyroid glands.


Question: Can supplements treat osteopenia?

Answer: Talk to your doctor to see if you should consider this therapy. If you aren't getting enough of these nutrients in your diet and don't spend much time in the sun, ask your doctor if you should take a supplement. Other nutritional supplements may help strengthen bones, but so far, there's little research showing how well they work.


Question: What foods can trigger heartburn?

Answer: For example: Onions Peppermint Chocolate Beverages with caffeine Citrus fruits or juices Tomatoes High-fat and spicy foods A heartburn diary is a good way for you to figure out which foods cause your symptoms.


Question: What should you do if your heartburn gets worse after exercise?

Answer: Wait at least 2 hours after a meal to exercise. If you work out any sooner, you may get heartburn. Drink more water. Have plenty before and during exercise.


Question: What should you do if your heartburn is worse when lying down?

Answer: Raise the head of your bed so that your head and chest are higher than your feet. Put 6-inch blocks under the bedposts at the head of your bed. Don't use piles of pillows. You'll put your head at an angle that can put more pressure on your stomach and make your heartburn worse. Eat earlier. Try not to eat for at least 3 hours before you go to sleep.


Question: What can you do to prevent heartburn?

Answer: To make symptoms easier: Don't go to bed with a full stomach. Eat meals at least 2 to 3 hours before lying down. Eat smaller portions at mealtimes, or try to eat four to five small meals instead of three big ones. Avoid heartburn triggers. For example: Onions Peppermint Chocolate Beverages with caffeine Citrus fruits or juices Tomatoes High-fat and spicy foods A heartburn diary is a good way for you to figure out which foods cause your symptoms. Shed some pounds. Avoid alcohol. Wearing loose-fitting clothes can also help. You'll put your head at an angle that can put more pressure on your stomach and make your heartburn worse. Time your meals.


Question: What are physical therapists?

Answer: Physical therapists have a lot of training. Still, it's a good idea to ask them about their experience in working with people who've had conditions like yours. You can also ask them how many sessions you'll need.


Question: What is physical therapy?

Answer: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } Physical therapy is often one of the best choices you can make when you have long-term pain (also called chronic pain) or an injury. It can make you stronger and help you move and feel better. Ask your doctor to recommend a physical therapist. You'll probably need a series of visits, and you should practice some of the exercises at home for the best results.


Question: What is low-impact aerobic training?

Answer: These workouts will rev up your heart rate and still take it easy on your joints. For instance, you might walk fast or use a stationary bike to warm up, instead of running, before you do your strengthening exercises.


Question: What are some strengthening exercises I might do in a physical therapy session?

Answer: Your physical therapist may prescribe exercises for you to do at home. But because you'll use parts of your body that are injured or have chronic pain, physical therapy can be challenging, even hard.


Question: How does physical therapy treat pain?

Answer: Physical therapists have a lot of training. Yours will look for areas of weakness or stiffness that may be adding stress to the places that hurt.


Question: How is TENS and ultrasound used in a physical therapy session?

Answer: Yours will look for areas of weakness or stiffness that may be adding stress to the places that hurt. Pain relief exercises.


Question: Will physical therapy hurt?

Answer: Physical therapists have a lot of training. Physical therapy shouldn't hurt, and it will be safe. But because you'll use parts of your body that are injured or have chronic pain, physical therapy can be challenging, even hard. For example, you may feel sore after stretching or deep tissue massage. It will push you, but it shouldn't be too much. Each person may respond differently to therapy. Your body type, daily activities, alignment, and habits all affect your plan. Stick with it, and you'll get the benefits.


Question: What drugs are used to treat side effects from opioid (narcotic) pain medications?

Answer: One of the reasons why your doctor needs to manage pain medications so closely is that they can cause side effects, such as: Constipation Drowsiness Nausea and vomiting The drugs lubiprostone ( Amitiza), methylnaltrexone ( Relistor), naldemedine ( Symproic), and naloxegol ( Movantik) are approved to treat constipation due to opioid use in those with chronic pain.


Question: What are some types of opioid (narcotic) pain medications?

Answer: Opioid drugs include: Codeine (only available in generic form) Fentanyl ( Actiq, Duragesic, Fentora, Abstral, Onsolis) Hydrocodone ( Hysingla, Zohydro ER) Hydrocodone/acetaminophen ( Lorcet, Lortab, Norco, Vicodin) Hydromorphone ( Dilaudid, Exalgo) Meperidine ( Demerol) Methadone ( Dolophine, Methadose) Morphine ( Kadian, MS Contin, Morphabond) Oxycodone ( Oxy Contin, Oxaydo) Oxycodone and acetaminophen ( Percocet, Roxicet) Oxycodone and naloxone Your doctor can prescribe most of these drugs to take by mouth. Fentanyl is available in a patch. A patch allows the medication to be absorbed through the skin.


Question: Which drugs are dangerous to take with opioid (narcotic) pain medications?

Answer: Opioids can be dangerous if you take them with alcohol, or with certain drugs such as: Some antidepressants Some antibiotics Sleeping pills Continue Reading Below Make sure your doctor knows all of the other medicines you're taking.


Question: How do opioid (narcotic) pain medications work?

Answer: Opioid drugs bind to opioid receptors in the brain, spinal cord, and other areas of the body. They tell your brain you're not in pain. They are used to treat moderate to severe pain that may not respond well to other pain medications.


Question: What are the side effects of taking opioid (narcotic) pain medications?

Answer: One of the reasons why your doctor needs to manage pain medications so closely is that they can cause side effects, such as: Constipation Drowsiness Nausea and vomiting The drugs lubiprostone ( Amitiza), methylnaltrexone ( Relistor), naldemedine ( Symproic), and naloxegol ( Movantik) are approved to treat constipation due to opioid use in those with chronic pain.


Question: What should you do if you want to change your opioid (narcotic) pain medications?

Answer: Your doctor will need to know: How your pain is responding to the drug Whether you're having any side effects Whether you have any potential interactions or medical conditions that could make you more likely to have side effects, such as sleep apnea, alcohol use, or kidney problems Whether you're taking the drug properly Never change or stop taking any opioid medicine without first checking with your doctor. If a pain medication isn't working as well as it should, your doctor may switch you to a different dose -- or add on or try another drug. When you're ready to stop taking opioids, your doctor may help wean you off them slowly -- if you have taken them for a long time -- to give your body time to adjust. Otherwise, you may have withdrawal symptoms.


Question: Should you take opioid pain medications?

Answer: If you need to take opioids to control your pain, here are some ways to make sure you're taking them as safely as possible. They are used to treat moderate to severe pain that may not respond well to other pain medications.


Question: How can you work with your doctor to receive opioid (narcotic) pain medications?

Answer: If you need to take opioids to control your pain, here are some ways to make sure you're taking them as safely as possible. You may receive around-the-clock doses to manage pain throughout the day and night. And your doctor may prescribe opioids to be taken "as needed" in case you have "breakthrough" pain -- a flare of pain that you get despite round-the-clock doses.


Question: What will your doctor need to know while you're on opioid (narcotic) pain medications?

Answer: They tell your brain you're not in pain. Your doctor will need to know: How your pain is responding to the drug Whether you're having any side effects Whether you have any potential interactions or medical conditions that could make you more likely to have side effects, such as sleep apnea, alcohol use, or kidney problems Whether you're taking the drug properly Never change or stop taking any opioid medicine without first checking with your doctor.


Question: What is opioid tolerance and addiction?

Answer: That includes: Prescription drugs Over-the-counter drugs Herbal supplements After taking opioid pain medication for a while, you might find that you need more and more of the drug to achieve the same effect in easing pain. This is called tolerance. It's not the same as addiction, which involves a compulsive use of a drug. People who are addicted compulsively seek out the pain medications. Their behavior usually leads to negative consequences in their personal lives or workplace.


Question: What is holy basil?

Answer: Holy basil has a history of use for treating many diseases and conditions however, quality scientific research is needed to show how holy basil may benefit people is needed: The common cold Bronchitis Earache Fever Flu Some evidence of improvement of energy It's also been used to try to treat a range of other health concerns, including: Increased blood circulation Insect bites Kidney problems Skin problems Snake bites Stomach problems In addition, holy basil may be useful: As an antioxidant For protecting the liver For treating lowering blood sugar; in one study, people with diabetes had lower blood sugar while they were taking holy basil. Holy basil leaves, which have a spicy, lemony flavor, are used widely in food in Southeast Asia, such as in Thai stir-fried dishes.


Question: What foods use holy basil?

Answer: Holy basil leaves, which have a spicy, lemony flavor, are used widely in food in Southeast Asia, such as in Thai stir-fried dishes.


Question: What are some precautions about using holy basil?

Answer: Holy basil has a history of use for treating many diseases and conditions however, quality scientific research is needed to show how holy basil may benefit people is needed: The common cold Bronchitis Earache Fever Flu Some evidence of improvement of energy It's also been used to try to treat a range of other health concerns, including: Increased blood circulation Insect bites Kidney problems Skin problems Snake bites Stomach problems In addition, holy basil may be useful: As an antioxidant For protecting the liver For treating lowering blood sugar; in one study, people with diabetes had lower blood sugar while they were taking holy basil. Avoid using holy basil if you're allergic or sensitive to it or members of the Lamiaceae (mint) plant family. Side effects of holy basil also include upset stomach. You should be cautious about using holy basil if you: Have low blood sugar Are trying to get pregnant Take anticoagulant (blood-thinning) drugs Women who are pregnant should avoid holy basil, since it might cause the uterus to contract.


Question: Why do people take holy basil?

Answer: Holy basil has a history of use for treating many diseases and conditions however, quality scientific research is needed to show how holy basil may benefit people is needed: The common cold Bronchitis Earache Fever Flu Some evidence of improvement of energy It's also been used to try to treat a range of other health concerns, including: Increased blood circulation Insect bites Kidney problems Skin problems Snake bites Stomach problems In addition, holy basil may be useful: As an antioxidant For protecting the liver For treating lowering blood sugar; in one study, people with diabetes had lower blood sugar while they were taking holy basil. Research on animals suggests that holy basil might change the effect of many medications, including these drugs: Diazepam ( Valium) Pentobarbital ( Nembutal) Scopolamine (sold as generic only) Tell your doctor about any supplements you're taking, even if they're natural.


Question: What are the differences in men and women with multiple sclerosis?

Answer: In terms of all types of MS, at least twice as many women as men have the condition. But the ratio may be rising even higher. Some recent estimates place the number at 4 to 1 -- and suggest it is still going up. And ladies are more likely to have their first symptoms at younger ages. Three women for every man got MS before age 20.


Question: When does multiple sclerosis normally affect women?

Answer: Multiple sclerosis doesn't hit all women at the same time in life. But it almost always begins before menopause. Symptoms often get worse after childbirth or at the end of a menstrual cycle.


Question: How common is multiple sclerosis in women?

Answer: In terms of all types of MS, at least twice as many women as men have the condition. But the ratio may be rising even higher. Some recent estimates place the number at 4 to 1 -- and suggest it is still going up. And ladies are more likely to have their first symptoms at younger ages. Three women for every man got MS before age 20.


Question: When do men normally contract multiple sclerosis?

Answer: MS in men is usually worse than in women.


Question: What are the differences in the symptoms of primary progressive multiple sclerosis between men and women?

Answer: MS in men is usually worse than in women. But large studies of primary progressive MS show: Early on, the symptoms were just as severe and got worse just as fast for men as for women. After about 20 years of living with primary progressive MS, men's disease finally began to "outrun" the women's in terms of how bad their symptoms were. Why the differences? At this point, there are more questions than answers. Sex hormones may be one reason. Scientists are also studying clues in the body chemistry and brains of people with the condition. But research into this form of MS is only beginning.


Question: Does gender affect who contracts primary progressive multiple sclerosis?

Answer: Researchers don't know why it happens, but here's what scientists understand about this type: For people with primary progressive MS, there are no attacks followed by later improvement, as in the more common forms of MS. They found: Under age 30, equal numbers of men and women had the condition. In terms of all types of MS, at least twice as many women as men have the condition.


Question: What are the gender differences in the people who contract primary progressive multiple sclerosis?

Answer: In the largest studies done so far, scientists kept tabs on hundreds of men and women with primary progressive MS for decades. They found: Under age 30, equal numbers of men and women had the condition. There were more women than men who got it after age 45. Almost two women for each man were diagnosed with primary progressive MS after age 50 -- still short of the rates in other forms of MS. Why the differences?


Question: What are the gender differences in primary progressive multiple sclerosis?

Answer: In the largest studies done so far, scientists kept tabs on hundreds of men and women with primary progressive MS for decades. They found: Under age 30, equal numbers of men and women had the condition. There were more women than men who got it after age 45. Almost two women for each man were diagnosed with primary progressive MS after age 50 -- still short of the rates in other forms of MS. Why the differences?


Question: What is psychosis?

Answer: You might see, hear, or believe things that aren't real.


Question: How can supportive psychotherapy help with psychosis?

Answer: Supportive psychotherapy helps you learn to live with and manage psychosis.


Question: How is psychosis diagnosed?

Answer: You can see a psychologist, psychiatrist, or a social worker. They'll find out what might have caused your symptoms and look for related conditions. Doctors diagnose mental illnesses after ruling out other things that could be causing psychotic symptoms.