Question: What is informed consent in relation to clinical trials for arthritis?

Answer: Informed consent means that as a patient, you are given all available information so you can understand what is involved in a specific clinical trial. Ask the doctor or nurse to explain parts of the form or the trial that are not clear. You are free to decide whether or not you want to take part in the trial. If you choose not to participate in the trial, your care will not be affected in any way. Even if you sign the form, you are free to leave the trial at any time to receive other available treatments. After you agree to participate in a clinical trial, you will continue to receive any new information about your treatment that may affect your willingness to stay in the trial.


Question: What happens during a clinical trial for arthritis treatment?

Answer: A clinical trial is a research study conducted with patients to evaluate a new arthritis treatment, drug, or device. The new treatments are considered to be at least as effective or possibly more effective than the standard. Only the treatments most likely to work are further evaluated in a small group of humans prior to applying them in a larger clinical trial.


Question: What questions should you ask when you take a part in a clinical trial for arthritis?

Answer: How well does the treatment work? Here are some important questions to ask: What is the purpose of the clinical trial? What kinds of tests and treatments does the clinical trial involve? How are these tests given? What is likely to happen in my case with, or without, this new research treatment? Are there standard treatment options for my arthritis, and how does the study treatment compare with them? How could the clinical trial affect my daily life? What side effects can I expect from the clinical trial? ( Note: There can also be side effects from standard arthritis treatments and from the disease itself.) How long will the clinical trial last? Will the clinical trial require extra time on my part? Will I have to be hospitalized? If so, how often and for how long? If I agree to withdraw from the clinical trial, will my care be affected? Will I need to change doctors?


Question: Why should I choose a reliable brand of probiotic?

Answer: Some companies have been around for years, and you may know their names. Those that have made probiotics for a while may be more likely to have tested and studied them over and over. It's smarter to choose a product from a reputable maker. Check a third-party certifier (like Consumer Lab or the USP) to see if they have tested the product and found that it's safe and reliable. If you're in doubt, ask your doctor.


Question: How do I know what probiotic is right for me?

Answer: Each has its own benefits, so talk to your doctor about which one might help you the most. For example, different strains of lactobacillus bacteria, found in some yogurts, can help with some types of diarrhea.


Question: What are ways I could add probiotics to my diet?

Answer: You can buy them as tablets, capsules, powders, or liquids. Look for them in health food stores, grocery stores, drugstores, and online. You can also find probiotics in many foods. Yogurt is the most well-known source, but they're also in: Dairy foods like buttermilk, some soft cheeses, fermented milk, and kefir Soy drinks and products like miso and tempeh Kimchi, sauerkraut, and many pickles Many types of bacteria are probiotics. If you go with a supplement, know that the FDA regulates these products but treats them like foods and not medications. If you're in doubt, ask your doctor.


Question: How do I take a probiotic?

Answer: Here are some things you should be able to find on the label: The genus, species, and strain of the probiotic ( Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, for example) The number of organisms that will be alive by the use-by date The dose The company name and contact information If you can't find this on the label, you may be able to find it on the company's website. If you're in doubt, ask your doctor. Probiotic-rich foods, like yogurt, can become a part of a healthy diet, too.


Question: Why is it important to read the label of probiotics?

Answer: If you choose yogurt or another dairy food, look on the label for the phrase "contains live active cultures" or "contains probiotics." Not all yogurts have them. If you go with a supplement, know that the FDA regulates these products but treats them like foods and not medications. Unlike drug manufacturers, supplement makers don't have to show their products are safe or effective to sell them. That's why it's key to get as much info as you can before you buy. Here are some things you should be able to find on the label: The genus, species, and strain of the probiotic ( Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, for example) The number of organisms that will be alive by the use-by date The dose The company name and contact information If you can't find this on the label, you may be able to find it on the company's website.


Question: How is anti-thyroid medication used for hyperthyroidism?

Answer: After you start using anti-thyroid medications, your symptoms should begin to disappear in about 6-8 weeks. But you'll typically need to keep taking the medication for about a year. At that time, your doctor will check to see if you can stop. You'll need regular checkups once you're off the medicine to make sure your hormone levels stay balanced.


Question: When do you need surgery to treat hyperthyroidism?

Answer: Doctors don't usually do surgery unless you're pregnant (and can't take anti-thyroid medicine) or have a large goiter or cancerous nodule.


Question: How is radioactive iodide treatment used for hyperthyroidism?

Answer: Thyroid hormone production can be slowed or stopped completely with: Radioactive iodide treatment Anti-thyroid medication Surgery If your doctor decides that radioactive treatment is best, you'll swallow a tablet or liquid with enough radioactive iodide to damage the cells of your thyroid gland so they can't make hormones. Sometimes you'll need more than one treatment to cut back hormone production to a normal level.


Question: Which products should you avoid if you have thyroid problems?

Answer: Avoid these products: Pseudoephedrine (found in over-the-counter cold remedies) can cause nervousness, insomnia, headache, and high blood pressure. Alkaloids, including caffeine, morphine, and quinine, can raise your blood pressure and heart rate.


Question: What are alternative medicines for thyroid problems?

Answer: Some people try other therapies to cleanse the body, restore immune function, and balance the production and release of hormones. While they may help with the stress associated with thyroid disease, there are no good studies showing that these therapies are effective for treating thyroid disorders.


Question: How can you tweak your settings to treat computer vision syndrome (CVS)?

Answer: You don't have to live with the factory-installed presets if you're uncomfortable. Adjust the brightness, contrast, and font size until you find what's best for you. Visit your eye doctor regularly for exams and to keep your prescriptions up to date. Let him know about any problems you have. You may need glasses or contact lenses. He'll decide if you can wear your regular glasses for computer work or if you need a special pair. He might prescribe a single or bifocal lens, or tinted lens material to boost contrast and filter out glare. Get your kids' eyes checked, too. Make sure any computers they use are set up at the right height and in the best light.


Question: How can you cut the glare to treat computer vision syndrome (CVS)?

Answer: You can also add a glare filter to your monitor. Rearrange your desk. The best position for your monitor is slightly below eye level, about 20 to 28 inches away from your face. You shouldn't have to stretch your neck or strain your eyes to see what's on the screen.


Question: What are the symptoms of computer vision syndrome (CVS)?

Answer: There's no proof that computer use causes any long-term damage to the eyes. But regular use can lead to eye strain and discomfort. You may notice: Blurred vision Double vision Dry, red eyes Eye irritation Headaches Neck or back pain If you don't do anything about them, it could affect more than your eyes. You could also have issues with your work performance.


Question: Who can be affected by computer vision syndrome (CVS)?

Answer: Working adults aren't the only ones affected. Kids who stare at tablets or use computers during the day at school can have issues, too, especially if the lighting and their posture are less than ideal.


Question: How do you know if you have computer vision syndrome?

Answer: You may notice: Blurred vision Double vision Dry, red eyes Eye irritation Headaches Neck or back pain If you don't do anything about them, it could affect more than your eyes. You could also have issues with your work performance.


Question: How can you give your eyes a break to treat computer vision syndrome (CVS)?

Answer: Follow the 20-20-20 rule. Look away from the screen every 20 minutes or so and look at something around 20 feet away for about 20 seconds. Blink often to keep your eyes moist. If they feel dry, try some eye drops.


Question: How does using a computer affect vision?

Answer: When you work at a computer, your eyes have to focus and refocus all the time. They move back and forth as you read. You may have to look down at papers and then back up to type. Your eyes react to images constantly moving and changing, shifting focus, sending rapidly varying images to the brain. All these jobs require a lot of effort from your eye muscles.


Question: How often should I visit my eye doctor for computer vision syndrome?

Answer: Visit your eye doctor regularly for exams and to keep your prescriptions up to date. Let him know about any problems you have. You may need glasses or contact lenses. He'll decide if you can wear your regular glasses for computer work or if you need a special pair. He might prescribe a single or bifocal lens, or tinted lens material to boost contrast and filter out glare. Get your kids' eyes checked, too. Make sure any computers they use are set up at the right height and in the best light.


Question: Who Is more likely to have problems of computer vision syndrome?

Answer: You're more likely to have problems if you already have eye trouble, if you need glasses but don't have them, or if you wear the wrong prescription for computer use. Computer work gets harder as you age and the natural lenses in your eyes becomes less flexible. Somewhere around age 40, your ability to focus on near and far objects will start to go away. Your eye doctor will call this condition presbyopia.


Question: Who is affected by computer vision syndrome?

Answer: Working adults aren't the only ones affected. Kids who stare at tablets or use computers during the day at school can have issues, too, especially if the lighting and their posture are less than ideal.


Question: What is computer vision syndrome (CVS)?

Answer: That can put a real strain on your eyes. Eye problems caused by computer use fall under the heading computer vision syndrome ( CVS). It isn't one specific problem. Instead, it includes a whole range of eye strain and discomfort. Research shows that between 50% and 90% of people who work at a computer screen have at least some symptoms. All these jobs require a lot of effort from your eye muscles.


Question: How can you rearrange your desk to treat computer vision syndrome (CVS)?

Answer: You shouldn't have to stretch your neck or strain your eyes to see what's on the screen. Put a stand next to your monitor and place any printed materials you're working from on it. That way, you won't have to look up at the screen and back down at the desk while you type. Look away from the screen every 20 minutes or so and look at something around 20 feet away for about 20 seconds.


Question: What is computer vision syndrome?

Answer: That can put a real strain on your eyes. Eye problems caused by computer use fall under the heading computer vision syndrome ( CVS). It isn't one specific problem. Instead, it includes a whole range of eye strain and discomfort. Research shows that between 50% and 90% of people who work at a computer screen have at least some symptoms. All these jobs require a lot of effort from your eye muscles.


Question: How do nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) cause high blood pressure problems?

Answer: NSAIDs -- nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs -- include both prescription and over-the-counter varieties. They are often used to relieve pain or reduce inflammation from conditions such as arthritis. However, NSAIDs can make the body retain fluid and decrease kidney function. This may cause blood pressure to rise even higher, putting greater stress on your heart and kidneys.


Question: How do migraine headache drugs worsen high blood pressure?

Answer: Some migraine headache drugs work by tightening blood vessels in your head. This relieves migraine pain. However, the medication also constricts blood vessels throughout your body. This can make blood pressure rise, perhaps to dangerous levels. If you have high blood pressure or any other type of heart disease, talk with your doctor before taking medication for migraines or severe headaches.


Question: How do cough and cold medications worsen high blood pressure?

Answer: Many cough and cold medications contain NSAIDs to relieve pain. Decongestants can make blood pressure worse in two ways: Decongestants may make your blood pressure and heart rate rise. Avoid using cough and cold medicine that contains NSAIDs or decongestants. Ask your doctor for suggestions about other ways to ease symptoms of cold, flu, or sinus problems.


Question: What are tips to avoid blood pressure problems from medication?

Answer: If you have high blood pressure to begin with, it can rise to dangerous levels. NSAIDs -- nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs -- include both prescription and over-the-counter varieties. Read medication labels before buying over-the-counter preparations. Make sure the medicine doesn't contain ingredients that could make your high blood pressure worse, such as NSAIDs or decongestants. Talk to your doctor before using any over-the-counter medication, herbal preparation, vitamins, or other nutritional supplements. Ask for alternatives to potentially harmful medicines.


Question: How do weight loss drugs worsen high blood pressure?

Answer: Some drugs can make blood pressure rise. Decongestants can make blood pressure worse in two ways: Decongestants may make your blood pressure and heart rate rise. When the blood pressure rises, it can put more stress on your heart. Before using any weight loss drug, whether prescription or over-the-counter, be sure to check with your doctor. These medications may do you more harm than good.


Question: When should someone seek medical attention for peritonitis?

Answer: If you have any symptoms of peritonitis, call your doctor right away. Seeking prompt medical attention is especially important for peritoneal dialysis patients who have a combination of abdominal pain and a clouding of the peritoneal fluid, which is caused by a buildup of infection-fighting white blood cells. Because peritonitis can rapidly lead to potentially fatal complications such as sepsis and septic shock, which causes a massive drop in blood pressure, organ failure, and death, it's essential to receive a quick diagnosis followed by appropriate treatment.


Question: What should you know about peritonitis?

Answer: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } Peritonitis is an inflammation of the peritoneum, the tissue that lines the inner wall of the abdomen and covers and supports most of your abdominal organs. Peritonitis is usually caused by infection from bacteria or fungi. Left untreated, peritonitis can rapidly spread into the blood (sepsis) and to other organs, resulting in multiple organ failure and death. So if you develop any of the symptoms of peritonitis -- the most common of which is severe abdominal pain -- it's essential to seek prompt medical evaluation and treatment that can prevent potentially fatal complications.


Question: What are common causes of secondary peritonitis?

Answer: Common causes of secondary peritonitis include: A ruptured appendix, diverticulum, or stomach ulcer Digestive diseases such as Crohn's disease and diverticulitis Pancreatitis Pelvic inflammatory disease Perforations of the stomach, intestine, gallbladder, or appendix Surgery Trauma to the abdomen, such as an injury from a knife or gunshot wound Noninfectious causes of peritonitis include irritants such as bile, blood, or foreign substances in the abdomen, such as barium.


Question: What are the two main types of peritonitis?

Answer: Other signs and symptoms related to peritonitis may include: Abdominal tenderness or distention Chills Fever Fluid in the abdomen Not passing any urine, or passing significantly less urine than usual Difficulty passing gas or having a bowel movement Vomiting The two main types of peritonitis are primary spontaneous peritonitis, an infection that develops in the peritoneum; and secondary peritonitis, which usually develops when an injury or infection in the abdominal cavity allows infectious organisms into the peritoneum. Both types of peritonitis are life-threatening. The death rate from peritonitis depends on many factors, but can be as high as 40% in those who also have cirrhosis. As many as 10% may die from secondary peritonitis.


Question: How can I lower my risk of peritonitis?

Answer: Wear a mouth/nose mask during exchanges. Observe the proper sterile exchange technique. Apply an antibiotic cream to the catheter exit site every day. Immediately report any possible contamination of your dialysis fluid or catheter to your peritoneal dialysis nurse.


Question: What is the treatment for peritonitis?

Answer: Typically, you'll immediately start receiving intravenous antibiotics or antifungal medications to treat the infection. Additional supportive treatments will be necessary if organ failure from sepsis develops as a complication of the infection. Such treatments may include intravenous fluids, drugs to maintain blood pressure, and nutritional support.


Question: What are the symptoms of peritonitis?

Answer: The first symptoms of peritonitis are typically poor appetite and nausea and a dull abdominal ache that quickly turns into persistent, severe abdominal pain, which is worsened by any movement. Other signs and symptoms related to peritonitis may include: Abdominal tenderness or distention Chills Fever Fluid in the abdomen Not passing any urine, or passing significantly less urine than usual Difficulty passing gas or having a bowel movement Vomiting The two main types of peritonitis are primary spontaneous peritonitis, an infection that develops in the peritoneum; and secondary peritonitis, which usually develops when an injury or infection in the abdominal cavity allows infectious organisms into the peritoneum.


Question: When is emergency surgery required to treat peritonitis?

Answer: Because peritonitis can rapidly lead to potentially fatal complications such as sepsis and septic shock, which causes a massive drop in blood pressure, organ failure, and death, it's essential to receive a quick diagnosis followed by appropriate treatment. In many cases, emergency surgery is required, especially if peritonitis has been caused by conditions such as appendicitis, a perforated stomach ulcer, or diverticulitis. Infected tissue such as a burst appendix or abscess will be surgically removed.


Question: What is the treatment for peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis?

Answer: Typically, you'll immediately start receiving intravenous antibiotics or antifungal medications to treat the infection. Until the peritonitis is cured, you will need to use another method of dialysis, such as hemodialysis.


Question: How will my doctor diagnose peritonitis?

Answer: Diagnostic tests for peritonitis may include: Blood and urine tests Imaging studies such as X-rays and computerized tomography ( CT) scans Exploratory surgery Your doctor also may perform a paracentesis, a procedure in which fluid from the abdominal cavity is withdrawn through a thin needle and checked for infection. Paracentesis is useful for identifying primary spontaneous peritonitis and secondary peritonitis caused by pancreatitis. If you're receiving peritoneal dialysis, you can lower your risk of peritonitis by following these tips: Thoroughly wash your hands, including the areas between your fingers and under your fingernails, before touching the catheter.


Question: What are some harmful toxins associated with vaping?

Answer: It's hard to know how much of these chemicals you breathe in when you vape. The levels are usually lower in e-cigarettes than regular cigarettes. But some studies show that high-voltage e-cigarettes have more formaldehyde and other toxins than standard e-cigarettes. Also, some chemicals in e-cigarettes can irritate the airways in your lungs. This can cause problems. Studies have found that flavorings like cinnamon can cause inflammation of lung cells. But more research is needed to understand the long-term health risks of vaping.


Question: How can losing extra weight prevent you from getting prediabetes?

Answer: If you're overweight, slimming down is the key to turning the odds in your favor. Research shows that shedding just 5% to 10% of your body weight is often enough to get blood sugar levels back into the normal range and avoid diabetes or at least delay its onset. To reach your goal, limit portion sizes; cut calories; and eat fewer foods that are high in fat (especially saturated fat), sugar, and carbohydrates. You should also eat a wide variety of fruits, vegetables, lean protein, and whole grains.


Question: How can I make exercise a habit if I have prediabetes?

Answer: Leading an active life is a must. Aim for 30 minutes of aerobic activity (something that raises your heart rate, like walking, biking, or swimming) 5 days a week (150 minutes per week). Plus, do some strength-training exercise, like lifting weights or using resistance bands, at least twice a week. Strength work builds muscle, which helps lower your blood sugar level, helps your body respond better to insulin (which controls blood sugar), and burns calories even when you're not moving.


Question: What should I do to lose weight if I have prediabetes?

Answer: If you're overweight, slimming down is the key to turning the odds in your favor. Research shows that shedding just 5% to 10% of your body weight is often enough to get blood sugar levels back into the normal range and avoid diabetes or at least delay its onset. To reach your goal, limit portion sizes; cut calories; and eat fewer foods that are high in fat (especially saturated fat), sugar, and carbohydrates. You should also eat a wide variety of fruits, vegetables, lean protein, and whole grains.


Question: What should I do if I smoke and have prediabetes?

Answer: Smoking is strongly linked to diabetes: People who smoke are 30% to 40% more likely to develop type 2 diabetes than those who don't. And people with diabetes who continue smoking are more likely to develop complications such as heart disease and blindness. So the sooner you ditch the cigarettes, the better.


Question: How can you stop prediabetes in its tracks?

Answer: Making lifestyle changes may be even more powerful than just taking medication. Start by making these three changes. Research shows that shedding just 5% to 10% of your body weight is often enough to get blood sugar levels back into the normal range and avoid diabetes or at least delay its onset. Plus, do some strength-training exercise, like lifting weights or using resistance bands, at least twice a week.


Question: How common is osteoporosis overall?

Answer: In the U. S., more than 10 million men and women have osteoporosis. And nearly another 34 million are thought to have low bone mass. That places them at increased risk for osteoporosis.


Question: How many people will break a bone due to osteoporosis?

Answer: About half of all women over age 50 and about one in four men will break a bone due to osteoporosis. But there are many things you can do to prevent osteoporosis and avoid painful fractures. For instance, make sure you get plenty of calcium in your daily diet. You can get calcium from both foods and supplements. You can also check your osteoporosis risk factors and change those you can control. For example, stop smoking if you are a smoker. If you need them, your health care provider can make recommendations about using osteoporosis medications.


Question: How can estrogen contribute to the development of osteoporosis?

Answer: For instance, a decrease in estrogen at menopause is one cause. This can happen with natural menopause or an early surgical menopause if you have your ovaries removed. During the first five to 10 years after menopause, women can lose about 2.5% of bone density each year. That means they can lose as much as 25% of their bone density during that time. Accelerated bone loss after menopause is a major cause of osteoporosis in women.


Question: How can menopause increase your risk for osteoporosis?

Answer: Then, for several years, the breakdown of bone occurs at a much greater pace than the building of new bone. This is the process that eventually causes osteoporosis. During this time, even though your bones may still be strong enough to prevent unusual fractures and you have no signs to alert you to the disease, bone loss may become detectable with a bone density test. During the first five to 10 years after menopause, women can lose about 2.5% of bone density each year.


Question: What causes osteoporosis?

Answer: For instance, a decrease in estrogen at menopause is one cause. There is also a genetic component. If your mother or grandmother had osteoporosis, the chances are higher that you will develop it, too. Eating a diet that's low in calcium, getting little exercise, and smoking cigarettes can also increase your chances of getting osteoporosis. But there are many things you can do to prevent osteoporosis and avoid painful fractures.


Question: How can transcranial magnetic stimulation help prevent migraines?

Answer: There are also several devices which can prevent migraines: Transcranial magnetic stimulation ( TMS): During this treatment, you'll hold a small device called Spring TMS to the back of your head. It sends a split-second pulse which interrupts abnormal electrical activity caused by migraine, thus aborts the migraine. Transcutaneous supraorbital nerve stimulation ( TSNS): Cefaly uses transcutaneous supraorbital nerve stimulation and is worn as a headband on the forehead and turned on daily for 20 minutes to prevent migraine from developing. Noninvasive vagus nerve stimulator (n VS): gamma Core is a n VS and works by being placed placed over the vagus nerve in the neck. It releases a mild electrical stimulation to the nerve's fibers to relieve pain.


Question: How can biofeedback help prevent migraines?

Answer: You can try: Biofeedback: This type of therapy teaches you to be aware of how your body reacts to stress, whether that's tense muscles, a fast heart rate, or cold, clammy hands. A trained professional teaches you how to change that response and calm down. Studies show that people who use biofeedback have 55% fewer migraines. This therapy may work even better when you also take medicine that prevents headaches.


Question: How can progressive muscle relaxation help prevent migraines?

Answer: Progressive muscle relaxation ( PMR): This relaxation technique helps stop your body's response to stress before it triggers a migraine. A therapist will show you to tightly contract, then fully release, each of your muscles. He'll also teach you to deepen and slow your breathing.


Question: How can tonabersat help prevent migraines?

Answer: They affect the release of certain brain chemicals and block pain pathways in your brain.


Question: How can cognitive behavioral therapy help to prevent migraines?

Answer: She'll also teach you to change the way your body reacts to the pain you feel during an attack.


Question: How do triggers of migraines vary?

Answer: Every person with migraine has different symptoms. Everyone's triggers are different too, although some common ones include lack of sleep, certain foods, and stress. As doctors learn more about migraine and what parts of the brain are involved, they're finding better ways to prevent these headaches.


Question: What are some alternative therapies to prevent migraines?

Answer: Clinical trials are under way to test drugs that block prostaglandins in people. After all, stress is the most common trigger. Studies show that people who learn to better deal with their worries actually start to have fewer migraines. Progressive muscle relaxation ( PMR): This relaxation technique helps stop your body's response to stress before it triggers a migraine.


Question: What are some treatments that could prevent migraines?

Answer: When blood vessels in your brain get inflamed and swollen, it sets many other changes in motion. If you have frequent attacks, your doctor may prescribe a drug to reduce the number of migraines you have. Drugs used to prevent migraines include: Antidepressants: amitriptyline and venlafaxine ( Effexor) Anti-seizure drugs: gabapentin ( Neurontin), topiramate ( Qudexy XR, Topamax, Trokendi XR) and valproate ( Depakote) Beta-blockers: metoprolol, propranolol, and timolol CGRP Inhibitors: erenumab ( Aimovig), fremanezumab ( Ajovy), and galcanezumab-gnlm ( Emgality) Although they can offer help, some of these medications were made to treat other health problems. There are also several devices which can prevent migraines: Transcranial magnetic stimulation ( TMS): During this treatment, you'll hold a small device called Spring TMS to the back of your head. It sends a split-second pulse which interrupts abnormal electrical activity caused by migraine, thus aborts the migraine. Transcutaneous supraorbital nerve stimulation ( TSNS): Cefaly uses transcutaneous supraorbital nerve stimulation and is worn as a headband on the forehead and turned on daily for 20 minutes to prevent migraine from developing. Noninvasive vagus nerve stimulator (n VS): gamma Core is a n VS and works by being placed placed over the vagus nerve in the neck. It releases a mild electrical stimulation to the nerve's fibers to relieve pain.


Question: Can cold packs ease itching due to psoriasis?

Answer: Chill out. Cold packs can take the itch out by short-circuiting the itch-scratch cycle. They âconfuseâ your brain because it's hard for it to feel itch and cold at the same time.


Question: How can softening scales help you ease psoriasis pain?

Answer: Lotions with salicylic, lactic, or glycolic acids can break up dead skins cells that build up on psoriasis plaques. Slather it on at night and cover the area with plastic wrap. This helps keep the lotion in place so you skin absorbs it better.


Question: Can washing with vinegar ease psoriasis itching?

Answer: Apple cider vinegar can help soothe itchy scalp psoriasis. Massage it into your scalp a few times a week. If it burns your head, use a half water-half vinegar mixture. Or rinse your scalp after the vinegar dries to prevent irritation. If it's going to work, you should see results in about 2 weeks. Take a pass if your scalp is cracked or bleeding.


Question: How can moistureizers help you ease psoriasis symptoms?

Answer: Your psoriasis may be uncomfortable because your skin is dry, scaly, and inflamed. A moisturizer is your friend. Thicker or greasier is usually better. Pick creams and ointments that come in a tub or tube. Lotions, on the other hand, tend to be watered down. Look for moisturizers with an ingredient called ceramide. Even something as basic as petroleum jelly can help your skin and lock in moisture.


Question: Can baths help you ease psoriasis symptoms?

Answer: Soak for about 15 minutes. This soothing brew helps remove scales and eases itch. Oatmeal baths can take the tickle out, too. After your bath, pat your skin dry and put on moisturizer right away. In China and elsewhere in Asia, it's widely used for psoriasis.


Question: How can heat help you ease psoriasis pain?

Answer: Lotions with salicylic, lactic, or glycolic acids can break up dead skins cells that build up on psoriasis plaques. The ingredient that makes chili peppers hot can ease pain. Ask your pharmacist for lotions and creams with pramoxine or menthol. That only makes it worse and can injure you skin, which makes it hurt even more. One recent study found that acupuncture therapies were simple, effective, and had few side effects.


Question: Can acupuncture ease psoriasis symptoms?

Answer: Having some remedies on hand can soothe your sore skin when you need it the most. It's often used to treat pain. Some studies show acupuncture doesn't make a meaningful difference, while others find it helps. One recent study found that acupuncture therapies were simple, effective, and had few side effects. Run it by your doctor before you get acupuncture. So try to find ways to relax if you have it.


Question: Why should you call your doctor about psoriasis pain?

Answer: That's a sign of an infection. It can spread and become much worse than a regular flare. You may need an antibiotic. Call her if your psoriasis gets worse, you're depressed, your skin is red all over, or your joints hurt.


Question: How can you be smart with antibiotics?

Answer: The best way to help slow the spread of super bacteria is by being smart with antibiotics. Here's how: Trust your doctor if she says you don't need them. Don't take them for a viral infection. Only take the ones your doctor has prescribed for you. Take them as directed. Don't skip doses. Take them for the full number of days your doctor prescribes. Don't save them for later.


Question: What types of infections can be treated with antibiotics?

Answer: The word antibiotic means âagainst life.â Any drug that kills germs in your body is technically an antibiotic. These are the types of infections that can be treated with antibiotics: Some ear and sinus infections Dental infections Skin infections Meningitis (swelling of the brain and spinal cord) Strep throat Bladder and kidney infections Bacterial pneumonias Whooping cough Only bacterial infections can be killed with antibiotics.


Question: What happens during an evoked potential test?

Answer: When you have the tests, you'll have wires placed on your scalp. It's safe and painless. It usually takes about 2 hours to do all three types of evoked potential tests. A doctor with special training in these tests will interpret the results.


Question: How do evoked potential tests help treat multiple sclerosis?

Answer: If you have multiple sclerosis ( MS), the disease causes damage to your nerves that may slow down, garble, or stop this activity entirely. Evoked potential tests can help doctors see if this is happening to you. The tests measure the electrical activity in parts of the brain caused by light, sound, and touch.


Question: What should you know about multiple sclerosis and evoked potential tests?

Answer: If you have multiple sclerosis ( MS), the disease causes damage to your nerves that may slow down, garble, or stop this activity entirely. Evoked potential tests can help doctors see if this is happening to you. The tests measure the electrical activity in parts of the brain caused by light, sound, and touch. They can help doctors diagnose someone with MS because they can detect problems along some nerves that are too subtle to find through other exams.


Question: What are the three main types of evoked potential tests?

Answer: There are three main types of evoked potential tests: Visual evoked potentials ( VEP): You sit in front of a screen and watch an alternating checkerboard pattern. Brainstem auditory evoked potentials ( BAEP): You hear a series of clicks in each ear. Sensory evoked potentials ( SEP): You get short electrical pulses on one of your arms or legs. A fourth type of test, motor evoked potentials, can find damage along nerves in the brain and spinal cord that make your body move. But doctors don't usually use this type to diagnose MS.


Question: What are the different types of evoked potential tests for multiple sclerosis?

Answer: There are three main types of evoked potential tests: Visual evoked potentials ( VEP): You sit in front of a screen and watch an alternating checkerboard pattern. Brainstem auditory evoked potentials ( BAEP): You hear a series of clicks in each ear. Sensory evoked potentials ( SEP): You get short electrical pulses on one of your arms or legs. A fourth type of test, motor evoked potentials, can find damage along nerves in the brain and spinal cord that make your body move. But doctors don't usually use this type to diagnose MS.


Question: What happens in an evoked potential test for multiple sclerosis?

Answer: When you have the tests, you'll have wires placed on your scalp. It's safe and painless. It usually takes about 2 hours to do all three types of evoked potential tests. A doctor with special training in these tests will interpret the results. While evoked potentials can help diagnose MS, they can't let your doctor know for sure whether the condition is causing problems with the signals in your nerves or if they're happening because of another health problem. Your doctor will consider the results of these tests along with those of other lab tests and your symptoms before he makes a diagnosis.


Question: What will the results of an evoked potential test tell my doctor?

Answer: They can help doctors diagnose someone with MS because they can detect problems along some nerves that are too subtle to find through other exams. A doctor with special training in these tests will interpret the results.


Question: What are the effects of too much magnesium from supplements?

Answer: Too much magnesium from supplements can bring side effects including: Nausea Cramping Diarrhea Magnesium supplements can also interfere with some antibiotics.


Question: How is riboflavin related to migraine?

Answer: Riboflavin plays a key role in metabolism, the process by which our bodies make energy. Research has shown that people with migraines may have a glitch in that process. That glitch could be responsible for the headaches.


Question: Is riboflavin safe?

Answer: Riboflavin is considered most likely safe for most people, but it can turn your urine an orange color.


Question: What is feverfew and what does it treat?

Answer: This plant, which looks like a daisy, has a long history in treating -- you guessed it -- fevers, as well as aches and pains due to inflammation.


Question: What are the side effects of riboflavin for migraines?

Answer: Riboflavin is considered most likely safe for most people, but it can turn your urine an orange color.


Question: What is the relationship between chronic migraines and melatonin levels?

Answer: Some research shows that those with chronic migraines have very low levels of melatonin. One study compared melatonin to amitriptyline (a medicine used in migraine prevention) and to a placebo. The results of that study showed that melatonin was better than a placebo in preventing migraines. It also had fewer side effects than amitriptyline and was just as effective.


Question: Is riboflavin found in daily vitamin pills?

Answer: It's found naturally in foods like: Meat Eggs Milk Green veggies Nuts Enriched flour And like many of the other B vitamins, it's also found in daily vitamin pills.


Question: How much feverfew should I take to treat migraines?

Answer: If you want to try it, start at a low dose of about 50 milligrams a day. It may take a few months to see any results.


Question: Can feverfew treat migraines?

Answer: Research shows that feverfew may treat and prevent migraines.


Question: How is magnesium levels related to migraines?

Answer: It seems that people with migraines have lower levels of magnesium than the rest of us. Magnesium is naturally found in foods like spinach, nuts, and whole grains. It helps control blood pressure and blood sugar, and your muscles and nerves need it to work properly.


Question: Should I discuss natural treatments for migraines with my doctor?

Answer: Remember, âall naturalâ doesn't necessarily mean safe. Any supplement you take should be discussed with your doctor.


Question: Are there any side effects from coenzyme Q10?

Answer: Co Q10 doesn't have many major side effects, though you could get an upset stomach or nausea. Doses higher than 300 milligrams daily may affect your liver. And if you take the anticoagulant warfarin, co Q10 may make it less effective.


Question: How can melatonin help with migraines?

Answer: Melatonin, a natural hormone, is similar to indomethacin, an anti-inflammatory drug used to treat aches, pains, and migraines. Some research shows that those with chronic migraines have very low levels of melatonin. One study compared melatonin to amitriptyline (a medicine used in migraine prevention) and to a placebo. The results of that study showed that melatonin was better than a placebo in preventing migraines. It also had fewer side effects than amitriptyline and was just as effective.


Question: How can feverfew help with migraines?

Answer: This plant, which looks like a daisy, has a long history in treating -- you guessed it -- fevers, as well as aches and pains due to inflammation. Research shows that feverfew may treat and prevent migraines. But most results have been mixed. None of the studies showed that feverfew caused any serious side effects.


Question: Is melatonin used to treat migraines?

Answer: Melatonin, a natural hormone, is similar to indomethacin, an anti-inflammatory drug used to treat aches, pains, and migraines.


Question: Does feverfew cause any side effects in treating migraines?

Answer: None of the studies showed that feverfew caused any serious side effects.


Question: How can magnesium help with migraines?

Answer: Researchers have tested magnesium supplements for treating and preventing migraines. So far, the results are mixed. If you want to try it, you should take about 400 milligrams each day. You have to take it for at least 3 months to know whether it works for you. It's found naturally in foods like: Meat Eggs Milk Green veggies Nuts Enriched flour And like many of the other B vitamins, it's also found in daily vitamin pills. Some research shows that those with chronic migraines have very low levels of melatonin.


Question: How much feverfew should you take to help with migraines?

Answer: If you want to try it, you should take about 400 milligrams each day. You have to take it for at least 3 months to know whether it works for you. Don't take feverfew if you take an anticoagulant drug.


Question: Are there side effects of melatonin treatment for chronic migraines?

Answer: And that can cause problems. If you take an anticoagulant, an immunosuppressant, diabetes medications, or birth control pills, talk to your doctor since it can interact with these drugs.


Question: How much riboflavin should I take to prevent migraines?

Answer: If you want to try it, you should take about 400 milligrams each day. Don't take more multivitamins to get that much riboflavin. You'd also be taking too much of everything else in that vitamin. And that can cause problems. Taking more than 400 milligrams every day probably won't do you more good. If you're taking antibiotics, specifically tetracycline antibiotics, riboflavin may interfere with them.


Question: How can coenzyme Q10 help with migraines?

Answer: Foods like liver, whole grains, and oily fish like salmon are the primary food sources for this vitamin. Some studies do show it may help prevent migraines. In one small study, people with migraines were given coenzyme Q10 each day. More than 60% of them had a 50% drop in the number of days they had a migraine. And if you take the anticoagulant warfarin, co Q10 may make it less effective.


Question: What  tests are done to help you know when to consider knee replacement surgery?

Answer: X-rays are a key tool. They'll give your surgeon a better idea of whether your bone is damaged or deformed. An imaging test called an MRI will give a more detailed look into the bone and soft tissues around your knee. You also may get a blood test to rule out, or point to, other causes for your knee pain. If your doctor decides a total knee replacement is the way to go, you can learn about how much it might help, possible complications, and what to expect after surgery. If you are obese, most surgeons will insist you lose some weight.


Question: What do you need to know about knee replacement surgery?

Answer: You'll also have a physical exam so your surgeon can check out how your leg lines up and how much motion, strength, and stability you have in your knee. X-rays are a key tool. You also may get a blood test to rule out, or point to, other causes for your knee pain. They may talk about other treatment options like arthroscopic surgery, joint preservation procedures, or a partial knee replacement.


Question: How is cervical osteoarthritis (cervical spondylosis) diagnosed?

Answer: The doctor will generally begin by asking you about symptoms and taking a medical history. This will be followed by a physical exam of the body, with a focus on the neck, back, and shoulders. The doctor is also likely to test reflexes and the strength of hands and arms, check for loss of sensation, and watch you walk. Other tests that might be done include imaging exams such as X-rays, computed tomography ( CT), and magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI). MRI scans use large magnets, radio waves, and a computer to produce the best images of the body. You might also be referred to a neurologist.


Question: What are the symptoms of cervical osteoarthritis (cervical spondylosis) with myelopathy?

Answer: If cervical spondylosis results in pressure on the spinal cord (cervical stenosis), it can put pressure on the spinal cord, a condition called cervical myelopathy. Symptoms of cervical spondylosis with myelopathy include: Tingling, numbness, and/or weakness in the arms, hands, legs, or feet Lack of coordination and difficulty walking Abnormal reflexes Muscle spasms Loss of control over bladder and bowel (incontinence) Another possible complication of cervical spondylosis is cervical radiculopathy, when bone spurs press on nerves as they exit the bones of the spinal column.


Question: What is cervical osteoarthritis (cervical spondylosis)?

Answer: It is a condition involving changes to the bones, discs, and joints of the neck. These changes are caused by the normal wear-and-tear of aging. With age, the discs of the cervical spine gradually break down, lose fluid, and become stiffer. Cervical spondylosis usually occurs in middle-aged and elderly people.


Question: What causes cervical osteoarthritis (cervical spondylosis)?

Answer: With age, the discs of the cervical spine gradually break down, lose fluid, and become stiffer. As a result of the degeneration of discs and other cartilage, spurs or abnormal growths called osteophytes may form on the bones in the neck. These abnormal growths can cause narrowing of the interior of the spinal column or in the openings where spinal nerves exit, a related condition called cervical spinal stenosis. Cervical spondylosis most often causes neck pain and stiffness. But surgery is considered only when there is a severe loss of function.


Question: When is surgery needed for cervical osteoarthritis (cervical spondylosis)?

Answer: Cervical spondylosis is also called cervical osteoarthritis. The doctor is also likely to test reflexes and the strength of hands and arms, check for loss of sensation, and watch you walk. But in most cases, it is not progressive. Surgery is required only in rare cases. The goal of surgery is to remove the source of pressure on the spinal cord and nerves. The surgery may also include adding stabilization in the form of implants or through fusion of the vertebrae.


Question: What are the risk factors of cervical osteoarthritis (cervical spondylosis)?

Answer: Cervical spondylosis is also called cervical osteoarthritis. In most people older than age 50, the discs between the vertebrae become less spongy and provide less of a cushion. Bones and ligaments get thicker, encroaching on the space of the spinal canal. People in certain occupations or who perform specific activities -- such as gymnasts or other athletes -- may put more stress on their necks. You might also be referred to a neurologist.


Question: What are the symptoms of cervical osteoarthritis (cervical spondylosis)?

Answer: With age, the discs of the cervical spine gradually break down, lose fluid, and become stiffer. The symptoms of cervical spondylosis include: Neck stiffness and pain Headache that may originate in the neck Pain in the shoulder or arms Inability to fully turn the head or bend the neck, sometimes interfering with driving Grinding noise or sensation when the neck is turned Symptoms of cervical spondylosis tend to improve with rest.


Question: What are the treatments for cervical osteoarthritis (cervical spondylosis)?

Answer: With age, the discs of the cervical spine gradually break down, lose fluid, and become stiffer. In most cases, cervical spondylosis treatments are conservative. They include: Rest Use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ( NSAIDs) or other non-narcotic products to relieve pain from inflammation Chiropractic manipulation that can help to control episodes of more severe pain Wearing a cervical collar to limit movement and provide support Other forms of physical therapy, including the application of heat and cold therapy, traction, or exercise Injecting drugs (corticosteroids and a local anesthetic) into the joints of the spine or the area surrounding the spine, known as epidural steroid injection or cervical facet joint injection Cervical spondylosis tends to be a chronic (long-term) condition.


Question: How can I reduce the side effects of stimulant therapy for ADHD?

Answer: Clonidine and guanfacine can help reduce some of the side effects of stimulant therapy, especially sleeplessness and aggressive behavior. However, combining stimulants with one of these drugs is controversial, because there have been some deaths in children taking both stimulants and Catapres (a patch form of clonidine). It is not known whether these deaths were due to the combination of drugs, but caution should be exercised whenever such combinations are used.


Question: What are the advantages of non-stimulant drugs over stimulant medications for ADHD?

Answer: Nonstimulants don't tend to cause agitation, sleeplessness, or lack of appetite. They also don't pose the same risk of abuse or addiction. Plus, they have a longer-lasting and smoother effect than many stimulants, which can take effect and wear off abruptly.


Question: What ADHD-specific nonstimulants are used for treating ADHD?

Answer: Atomoxetine ( Strattera) is OK for children, teens, and adults. It seems to boost the amount of an important brain chemical called norepinephrine. This appears to increase a person's attention span and lessen their impulsive behavior and hyperactivity. Clonidine ER ( Kapvay) and Guanfacine ER ( Intuniv) are approved for children ages 6 to 17. Doctors also prescribe them to adults. These two drugs have an effect on certain areas in the brain. Studies show they lower distractibility and improve attention, working memory, and impulse control.


Question: What are the side effects of antidepressants for ADHD?

Answer: The most common side effects of tricyclics include: Stomach upset Constipation Dry mouth Blurred vision Drowsiness Low blood pressure Weight gain Tremors Sweating Trouble peeing An overdose can be deadly.


Question: Is venlafaxine used to treat ADHD?

Answer: Venlafaxine ( Effexor and Effexor XR) is a newer antidepressant that boosts the levels of norepinephrine and serotonin in the brain. It helps improve mood and concentration. It's not often used to treat ADHD, though.


Question: What are some tips to keep in mind when taking antidepressants for ADHD?

Answer: When taking one of these meds, be sure to tell your doctor if you: Are nursing, pregnant, or plan to become pregnant Take or plan to take any dietary supplements, herbal medicines, or nonprescription medications Have any medical problems now or have had any in the past including high blood pressure, seizures, heart disease and urinary problems Have a history of drug or alcohol abuse or dependency, or if you have had mental health problems, including depression, manic depression, or psychosis Get any depressive symptoms or feelings that you might harm yourself Start to have irregular heartbeats (heart palpitations) or fainting spells Keep these tips in mind if you take antidepressants or give them to your child: Always give the medication exactly as prescribed. Call your doctor with any problems or questions. Antidepressants usually take at least 2 to 4 weeks before you start to notice if they're working. Be patient, and don't give up before giving them a chance to work. Your doctor will probably want to start your medication at a low dose and raise it slowly over time until your symptoms are under control. It's best not to miss doses. You take most once or twice a day. If you miss a day or two of venlafaxine ( Effexor), it can cause an unpleasant withdrawal symptoms. Tell your doctor if you notice any new or unusual side effects.


Question: How do monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors work to treat ADHD?

Answer: But they're rarely used because they sometimes have dangerous side effects and can cause serious problems when you take them with foods and other medications. They may help people if no other medications have worked. Examples include phenelzine ( Nardil) or tranylcypromine ( Parnate).


Question: Who should not take antidepressants for ADHD?

Answer: Don't take them if you: Have a history or a tendency toward manic behavior or manic depression (bipolar disorder). Have taken a MAO inhibitor antidepressant, such as phenelzine ( Nardil) or tranylcypromine ( Parnate), within the last 14 days. Bupropion ( Wellbutrin) can't be taken if you have any history of seizures or epilepsy. Talk about the pros and cons of antidepressants with your doctor to figure out if they might be right for you.


Question: Can I use anti-depressants to treat ADHD?

Answer: Several types of these can treat the disorder, too. They're sometimes the treatment of choice for children or adults who have ADHD and depression.


Question: What are the side effects of atomoxetine (Strattera) for the treatment of ADHD?

Answer: Atomoxetine might cause: Upset stomach Less appetite, which may cause weight loss Nausea Dizziness Fatigue Mood swings Other less-common risks include: Jaundice and liver problems. Call your doctor right away if you get yellowing of the skin or whites of the eyes. Suicidal thinking. There's a possibility that atomoxetine, like many antidepressant drugs, may slightly raise the risk of these thoughts in kids, teenagers, and young adults. Erections that last more than 4 hours. Serious allergic reactions. Some people get rashes, hives, or swelling, although this is rare.


Question: How does venlafaxine (Effexor and Effexor XR) work to treat ADHD?

Answer: Venlafaxine ( Effexor and Effexor XR) is a newer antidepressant that boosts the levels of norepinephrine and serotonin in the brain. It helps improve mood and concentration. It's not often used to treat ADHD, though.


Question: What are the side effects of taking high blood pressure drugs to treat ADHD?

Answer: The most common ones include: Drowsiness Lowered blood pressure Headache Dizziness Rarely, the drugs can cause irregular heartbeats.


Question: Who shouldn't take anti-depressants to treat ADHD?

Answer: Don't take them if you: Have a history or a tendency toward manic behavior or manic depression (bipolar disorder). Have taken a MAO inhibitor antidepressant, such as phenelzine ( Nardil) or tranylcypromine ( Parnate), within the last 14 days. Bupropion ( Wellbutrin) can't be taken if you have any history of seizures or epilepsy. Talk about the pros and cons of antidepressants with your doctor to figure out if they might be right for you.


Question: What should I tell my doctor before taking anti-depressants for ADHD?

Answer: When taking one of these meds, be sure to tell your doctor if you: Are nursing, pregnant, or plan to become pregnant Take or plan to take any dietary supplements, herbal medicines, or nonprescription medications Have any medical problems now or have had any in the past including high blood pressure, seizures, heart disease and urinary problems Have a history of drug or alcohol abuse or dependency, or if you have had mental health problems, including depression, manic depression, or psychosis Get any depressive symptoms or feelings that you might harm yourself Start to have irregular heartbeats (heart palpitations) or fainting spells Keep these tips in mind if you take antidepressants or give them to your child: Always give the medication exactly as prescribed.


Question: What should you tell your doctor before taking blood pressure drugs to treat ADHD?

Answer: When taking one of these meds for your ADHD, be sure to tell your doctor if you: Are nursing, pregnant, or plan to become pregnant Are taking or plan to take any dietary supplements, herbal medicines, or nonprescription medications Have any medical problems now or in the past, including low blood pressure, seizures, heart rhythm disturbances, and urinary problems Start having irregular heartbeats (heart palpitations) or fainting spells Also, keep these guidelines in mind: Always take or give the medication exactly as prescribed.


Question: What should I tell my doctor before taking high blood pressure drugs to treat ADHD?

Answer: When taking one of these meds for your ADHD, be sure to tell your doctor if you: Are nursing, pregnant, or plan to become pregnant Are taking or plan to take any dietary supplements, herbal medicines, or nonprescription medications Have any medical problems now or in the past, including low blood pressure, seizures, heart rhythm disturbances, and urinary problems Start having irregular heartbeats (heart palpitations) or fainting spells Also, keep these guidelines in mind: Always take or give the medication exactly as prescribed.


Question: What should I tell my doctor before taking non-stimulants for ADHD?

Answer: You should probably not take guanfacine ( Intuniv) if you: Have an allergy to any of the ingredients in it Take other products containing guanfacine, like the blood pressure medicine guanfacine hcl ( Tenex) Before you take this type of medicine, be sure to tell your doctor if you: Are nursing, pregnant, or plan to become pregnant Take any prescription medications for other conditions, like blood pressure drugs, antidepressants, sedatives, or antipsychotics Take any dietary supplements, herbal medicines, or over-the-counter medications Have any medical problems, including high or low blood pressure, seizures, heart disease, glaucoma, mental health issues, liver disease or jaundice, or kidney problems Have had an allergic reaction to any medications Have a history of drug or alcohol abuse or dependency Become agitated or irritable, or have suicidal thoughts If you and your doctor decide nonstimulants are right for you, take your medicine exactly as prescribed.


Question: What should you tell your doctor before taking nonstimulant and other drugs for ADHD?

Answer: When taking one of these meds, be sure to tell your doctor if you: Are nursing, pregnant, or plan to become pregnant Take or plan to take any dietary supplements, herbal medicines, or nonprescription medications Have any medical problems now or have had any in the past including high blood pressure, seizures, heart disease and urinary problems Have a history of drug or alcohol abuse or dependency, or if you have had mental health problems, including depression, manic depression, or psychosis Get any depressive symptoms or feelings that you might harm yourself Start to have irregular heartbeats (heart palpitations) or fainting spells Keep these tips in mind if you take antidepressants or give them to your child: Always give the medication exactly as prescribed.


Question: What should you tell your doctor before you take antidepressants for ADHD?

Answer: You should probably not take guanfacine ( Intuniv) if you: Have an allergy to any of the ingredients in it Take other products containing guanfacine, like the blood pressure medicine guanfacine hcl ( Tenex) Before you take this type of medicine, be sure to tell your doctor if you: Are nursing, pregnant, or plan to become pregnant Take any prescription medications for other conditions, like blood pressure drugs, antidepressants, sedatives, or antipsychotics Take any dietary supplements, herbal medicines, or over-the-counter medications Have any medical problems, including high or low blood pressure, seizures, heart disease, glaucoma, mental health issues, liver disease or jaundice, or kidney problems Have had an allergic reaction to any medications Have a history of drug or alcohol abuse or dependency Become agitated or irritable, or have suicidal thoughts If you and your doctor decide nonstimulants are right for you, take your medicine exactly as prescribed.


Question: What are the side effects of taking bupropion to treat ADHD?

Answer: Bupropion ( Wellbutrin) can't be taken if you have any history of seizures or epilepsy.


Question: Who shouldn't take high blood pressure drugs to treat ADHD?

Answer: They might not be a good fit if you have a history of low blood pressure or if you or a family member has had a heart problem.


Question: Who should not take blood pressure drugs to treat ADHD?

Answer: They might not be a good fit if you have a history of low blood pressure or if you or a family member has had a heart problem.


Question: What are the guidelines for using blood pressure drugs to treat ADHD?

Answer: When taking one of these meds for your ADHD, be sure to tell your doctor if you: Are nursing, pregnant, or plan to become pregnant Are taking or plan to take any dietary supplements, herbal medicines, or nonprescription medications Have any medical problems now or in the past, including low blood pressure, seizures, heart rhythm disturbances, and urinary problems Start having irregular heartbeats (heart palpitations) or fainting spells Also, keep these guidelines in mind: Always take or give the medication exactly as prescribed. Call your doctor about any problems or questions. It's best not to miss doses or patches, since this may cause the blood pressure to rise quickly, which may cause headaches and other symptoms. Your doctor will probably want to start the medication at a low dose and increase it gradually until your symptoms are under control. For very young children, clonidine tablets can be changed into a liquid by a compounding pharmacy. This will make it easier for them to take. Tablets can be crushed and mixed with food if you have to. Do not stop taking clonidine or guanfacine suddenly. This can cause an increase in blood pressure. These medications must be tapered off gradually.


Question: What is the effect of high blood pressure drugs for ADHD?

Answer: Experts aren't sure, but it's clear that they have a calming effect on certain areas of the brain.


Question: What are the side effects of tricyclics for the treatment of ADHD?

Answer: Tricyclics have the potential to cause certain heart defects, too. You may need ECG tests at a doctor's office to look for these problems.


Question: What are the side effects of taking MAO inhibitors to treat ADHD?

Answer: MAO inhibitors can cause a wide variety of side effects, including dangerously increased blood pressure when combined with certain foods or medications.


Question: Are blood pressure drugs normally used to treat ADHD?

Answer: Some drugs normally taken for high blood pressure, like clonidine ( Kavpay) and guanfacine hcl ( Tenex), may help control symptoms of the disorder. They also can help lower some of the side effects of stimulant meds, especially sleeplessness and aggressive behavior. They can be used alone or along with stimulants.


Question: Is it safe to take blood pressure drugs with stimulants to treat ADHD?

Answer: Some children taking both stimulants and clonidine hcl have died. It's unclear whether their deaths were due to the combination of drugs. If you take them together, your doctor should watch you closely to help lower your risk of problems. They can screen you for heart rhythm irregularities, check your blood pressure often, and do electrocardiograms or a pre-existing heart conditions. If your doctor thinks that taking these two medications has more possible benefits than risks, it may be a good option for you.


Question: What can I do to make sure my non-stimulant ADHD drugs work?

Answer: You should probably not take guanfacine ( Intuniv) if you: Have an allergy to any of the ingredients in it Take other products containing guanfacine, like the blood pressure medicine guanfacine hcl ( Tenex) Before you take this type of medicine, be sure to tell your doctor if you: Are nursing, pregnant, or plan to become pregnant Take any prescription medications for other conditions, like blood pressure drugs, antidepressants, sedatives, or antipsychotics Take any dietary supplements, herbal medicines, or over-the-counter medications Have any medical problems, including high or low blood pressure, seizures, heart disease, glaucoma, mental health issues, liver disease or jaundice, or kidney problems Have had an allergic reaction to any medications Have a history of drug or alcohol abuse or dependency Become agitated or irritable, or have suicidal thoughts If you and your doctor decide nonstimulants are right for you, take your medicine exactly as prescribed. Your doctor may order some lab tests once in a while to make sure the drug is working well and not causing you any problems.


Question: How do antidepressant drugs treat ADHD?

Answer: Several types of these can treat the disorder, too. They're sometimes the treatment of choice for children or adults who have ADHD and depression. Antidepressants seem to improve attention span, impulse control, hyperactivity, and aggressiveness. Children and teens who take them are often more willing to take direction and are less disruptive. But these drugs generally don't work as well as stimulants or nonstimulants to improve attention span and concentration. Antidepressants have the advantage of a low potential for abuse, and there is no evidence that they suppress growth or contribute to significant weight loss. Most of them work by boosting the levels of brain messenger-chemicals (neurotransmitters), such as norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine.


Question: What are the side effects of taking tricyclic anti-depressants to treat ADHD?

Answer: The most common side effects of tricyclics include: Stomach upset Constipation Dry mouth Blurred vision Drowsiness Low blood pressure Weight gain Tremors Sweating Trouble peeing An overdose can be deadly. Tricyclics have the potential to cause certain heart defects, too.


Question: What are the side effects of taking venlafaxine to treat ADHD?

Answer: But they can cause some unpleasant side effects, like dry mouth, constipation, or urinary problems.


Question: What are the side effects of venlafaxine (Effexor) for the treatment of ADHD?

Answer: But they can cause some unpleasant side effects, like dry mouth, constipation, or urinary problems.


Question: What are the advantages of nonstimulants over stimulants for the treatment of ADHD?

Answer: Nonstimulants don't tend to cause agitation, sleeplessness, or lack of appetite. They also don't pose the same risk of abuse or addiction. Plus, they have a longer-lasting and smoother effect than many stimulants, which can take effect and wear off abruptly.


Question: What are the side effects of clonidine (Kapvay) for the treatment of ADHD?

Answer: Clonidine ( Kapvay) and Guanfacine ( Intuniv) side effects include: Sleepiness, fatigue, sedation Headache Dizziness Since it can cause drowsiness, make sure you know how it affects you before you drive or use heavy machinery. Rarer and more serious side effects include: Low blood pressure Heart rhythm changes Talk to your doctor about your medical history and go over all the risks.


Question: What are the side effects of guanfacine (Intuniv) for the treatment of ADHD?

Answer: Rarer and more serious side effects include: Low blood pressure Heart rhythm changes Talk to your doctor about your medical history and go over all the risks.


Question: Who shouldn't take clonidine?

Answer: You should probably not take atomoxetine ( Strattera) if you: Have been diagnosed with narrow angle glaucoma (a condition that causes pressure in the eyes and can lead to blindness) Use a depression drug called a monoamine oxidase inhibitor ( MAOI), like phenelzine ( Nardil) or tranylcypromine ( Parnate) Have an allergy to any of the ingredients in atomoxetine ( Strattera) Have jaundice or liver problems Don't take clonidine ( Kapvay) if you're allergic to it.


Question: What are side effects of atomoxetine?

Answer: Atomoxetine might cause: Upset stomach Less appetite, which may cause weight loss Nausea Dizziness Fatigue Mood swings Other less-common risks include: Jaundice and liver problems. Call your doctor right away if you get yellowing of the skin or whites of the eyes. Suicidal thinking. There's a possibility that atomoxetine, like many antidepressant drugs, may slightly raise the risk of these thoughts in kids, teenagers, and young adults. Erections that last more than 4 hours. Serious allergic reactions. Some people get rashes, hives, or swelling, although this is rare.


Question: How are monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors used to treat ADHD?

Answer: Monoamine oxidase ( MAO) inhibitors are a group of antidepressants that can treat ADHD with some benefit. But they're rarely used because they sometimes have dangerous side effects and can cause serious problems when you take them with foods and other medications. They may help people if no other medications have worked. Examples include phenelzine ( Nardil) or tranylcypromine ( Parnate).


Question: How do anti-depressants work in the brain?

Answer: Most of them work by boosting the levels of brain messenger-chemicals (neurotransmitters), such as norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine.


Question: Who shouldn't take guanfacine?

Answer: You should probably not take guanfacine ( Intuniv) if you: Have an allergy to any of the ingredients in it Take other products containing guanfacine, like the blood pressure medicine guanfacine hcl ( Tenex) Before you take this type of medicine, be sure to tell your doctor if you: Are nursing, pregnant, or plan to become pregnant Take any prescription medications for other conditions, like blood pressure drugs, antidepressants, sedatives, or antipsychotics Take any dietary supplements, herbal medicines, or over-the-counter medications Have any medical problems, including high or low blood pressure, seizures, heart disease, glaucoma, mental health issues, liver disease or jaundice, or kidney problems Have had an allergic reaction to any medications Have a history of drug or alcohol abuse or dependency Become agitated or irritable, or have suicidal thoughts If you and your doctor decide nonstimulants are right for you, take your medicine exactly as prescribed.


Question: Who should take atomoxetine for ADHD?

Answer: Atomoxetine ( Strattera) is OK for children, teens, and adults. It seems to boost the amount of an important brain chemical called norepinephrine.


Question: Who should take clonidine and guanfacine for ADHD?

Answer: Clonidine ER ( Kapvay) and Guanfacine ER ( Intuniv) are approved for children ages 6 to 17. Doctors also prescribe them to adults. These two drugs have an effect on certain areas in the brain. Studies show they lower distractibility and improve attention, working memory, and impulse control.


Question: How is bupropion used to treat ADHD?

Answer: Options include: Desipramine ( Norpramin, Pertofrane) Imipramine ( Tofranil) Nortriptyline ( Aventyl, Pamelor) Bupropion ( Wellbutrin) is a different type of antidepressant that is very effective in treating ADHD in adults and children. It's generally well-tolerated, but it also has some side effects that may be a problem for some people who have anxiety or seizures.


Question: Who shouldn't take atomoxetine?

Answer: You should probably not take atomoxetine ( Strattera) if you: Have been diagnosed with narrow angle glaucoma (a condition that causes pressure in the eyes and can lead to blindness) Use a depression drug called a monoamine oxidase inhibitor ( MAOI), like phenelzine ( Nardil) or tranylcypromine ( Parnate) Have an allergy to any of the ingredients in atomoxetine ( Strattera) Have jaundice or liver problems Don't take clonidine ( Kapvay) if you're allergic to it.


Question: How do tricyclic antidepressants reduce side effects of ADHD stimulants?

Answer: The main kinds of these drugs used to treat ADHD are: Tricyclic antidepressants. They've been shown to be helpful and are relatively inexpensive. But they can cause some unpleasant side effects, like dry mouth, constipation, or urinary problems.


Question: What is the advantage of taking anti-depressants to treat ADHD?

Answer: Antidepressants have the advantage of a low potential for abuse, and there is no evidence that they suppress growth or contribute to significant weight loss.


Question: Who shouldn't take clonidine (Kapvay) for ADHD?

Answer: You should probably not take atomoxetine ( Strattera) if you: Have been diagnosed with narrow angle glaucoma (a condition that causes pressure in the eyes and can lead to blindness) Use a depression drug called a monoamine oxidase inhibitor ( MAOI), like phenelzine ( Nardil) or tranylcypromine ( Parnate) Have an allergy to any of the ingredients in atomoxetine ( Strattera) Have jaundice or liver problems Don't take clonidine ( Kapvay) if you're allergic to it.


Question: How do high blood pressure drugs treat ADHD?

Answer: How high blood pressure drugs work in treating ADHD is not yet known, but it is clear that they have a calming effect on certain areas of the brain.


Question: What blood pressure drugs are used to treat ADHD?

Answer: Some drugs normally taken for high blood pressure, like clonidine ( Kavpay) and guanfacine hcl ( Tenex), may help control symptoms of the disorder. They also can help lower some of the side effects of stimulant meds, especially sleeplessness and aggressive behavior. They can be used alone or along with stimulants.


Question: How are tricyclic antidepressants used to treat ADHD?

Answer: The main kinds of these drugs used to treat ADHD are: Tricyclic antidepressants. Options include: Desipramine ( Norpramin, Pertofrane) Imipramine ( Tofranil) Nortriptyline ( Aventyl, Pamelor) Bupropion ( Wellbutrin) is a different type of antidepressant that is very effective in treating ADHD in adults and children.


Question: What are the risks of using antidepressants for ADHD?

Answer: Suicidal thinking. Call your doctor with any problems or questions.


Question: What should I keep in mind if I am taking anti-depressant drugs to treat ADHD or giving them to my child?

Answer: It's best not to miss doses or patches, since this may cause the blood pressure to rise quickly, which may cause headaches and other symptoms. When taking one of these meds, be sure to tell your doctor if you: Are nursing, pregnant, or plan to become pregnant Take or plan to take any dietary supplements, herbal medicines, or nonprescription medications Have any medical problems now or have had any in the past including high blood pressure, seizures, heart disease and urinary problems Have a history of drug or alcohol abuse or dependency, or if you have had mental health problems, including depression, manic depression, or psychosis Get any depressive symptoms or feelings that you might harm yourself Start to have irregular heartbeats (heart palpitations) or fainting spells Keep these tips in mind if you take antidepressants or give them to your child: Always give the medication exactly as prescribed. Call your doctor with any problems or questions. Antidepressants usually take at least 2 to 4 weeks before you start to notice if they're working. You take most once or twice a day.


Question: What should I keep in mind if I am taking high blood pressure drugs to treat ADHD?

Answer: When taking one of these meds for your ADHD, be sure to tell your doctor if you: Are nursing, pregnant, or plan to become pregnant Are taking or plan to take any dietary supplements, herbal medicines, or nonprescription medications Have any medical problems now or in the past, including low blood pressure, seizures, heart rhythm disturbances, and urinary problems Start having irregular heartbeats (heart palpitations) or fainting spells Also, keep these guidelines in mind: Always take or give the medication exactly as prescribed. Call your doctor about any problems or questions. Do not stop taking clonidine or guanfacine suddenly. This can cause an increase in blood pressure. These medications must be tapered off gradually.


Question: How can clonidine (Kapvay) for ADHD be applied?

Answer: However, combining stimulants with one of these drugs is controversial, because there have been some deaths in children taking both stimulants and Catapres (a patch form of clonidine). But they can cause some unpleasant side effects, like dry mouth, constipation, or urinary problems. Antidepressants usually take at least 2 to 4 weeks before you start to notice if they're working.


Question: How can I reduce the side effects of clonidine?

Answer: You should probably not take atomoxetine ( Strattera) if you: Have been diagnosed with narrow angle glaucoma (a condition that causes pressure in the eyes and can lead to blindness) Use a depression drug called a monoamine oxidase inhibitor ( MAOI), like phenelzine ( Nardil) or tranylcypromine ( Parnate) Have an allergy to any of the ingredients in atomoxetine ( Strattera) Have jaundice or liver problems Don't take clonidine ( Kapvay) if you're allergic to it. But they can cause some unpleasant side effects, like dry mouth, constipation, or urinary problems. Antidepressants usually take at least 2 to 4 weeks before you start to notice if they're working.


Question: Other than stimulants, what medications work for ADHD?

Answer: There are three main groups of nonstimulant medications for the condition: ADHD-specific nonstimulants. These were specifically created to treat the disorder and are FDA-approved for that. Blood pressure medications. Some of these have the same active ingredient as ADHD-specific nonstimulants. These can help against the disorder by working on chemicals in the brain. They're also helpful for people who have ADHD and depression, anxiety, or another mood disorder.


Question: What can I do if my stimulant medications for ADHD aren't working?

Answer: They can cause bad side effects for some people. For others, they just don't work very well. If you're looking for other medications that work for the disorder, you've got several choices. Sometimes your doctor will add one of these medicines to the stimulant you take, or he might have you take one of the following by itself. They're sometimes the treatment of choice for children or adults who have ADHD and depression.


Question: How common is urinary incontinence?

Answer: Urinary incontinence -- when you accidentally leak urine -- is a problem that affects millions of Americans, most of them women.


Question: Which conditions can lead to urge incontinence?

Answer: Causes of overactive bladder include: Damage to the bladder's nerves Damage to other parts of the nervous system Damage to muscles Aging Conditions such as multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, diabetes, and stroke can affect nerves, leading to urge incontinence. Bladder problems, such as infections and bladder stones, and certain medications can also cause it.


Question: How can a catheter help with treating urinary incontinence?

Answer: Some people use a catheter to make sure their bladder is emptied. It's a thin plastic tube that you insert in your urethra. A doctor or nurse can teach you how to insert it for yourself.


Question: What is mixed urinary incontinence?

Answer: This means you have any two types of the condition. Many women have both stress and urge incontinence.


Question: How do you do pelvic exercise to treat urinary incontinence?

Answer: Pelvic floor exercises. Here's how: Squeeze the muscles that you use stop the flow of urine. Hold the squeeze for 10 seconds, then rest for 10 seconds. Do 3 or 4 sets daily. Note: You can learn how to do Kegels by stopping your urine, but don't do this routinely. Stopping the flow of urine can lead to an infection.


Question: Is easy bruising a symptom of medication for rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: Certain arthritis medications make you more likely to bruise because they thin the skin or interfere with blood clotting. These include aspirin and steroids such as prednisone.


Question: Are there medication side effects for treating rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: The skin problems people with RA have are often related to the medications they take to ease symptoms or control their disease. Drug-related skin problems include: Skin rashes .


Question: Can rheumatoid arthritis cause skin problems?

Answer: Rheumatoid arthritis ( RA) mainly affects the joints. But it, and many of the medications that treat it, can also affect the skin.


Question: What rheumatoid arthritis drugs can make your skin more sensitive to sun?

Answer: Drugs that can make your skin more sensitive to sun include: Cyclosporine ( Sandimmune, Neoral) Diclofenac ( Voltaren) Diflunisal ( Dolobid) Ketoprofen Methotrexate ( Rheumatrex, Trexall) Naproxen ( Naprosyn) Piroxicam ( Feldene) If you take medicines that do this, avoid direct sunlight, especially between the hours of 10 a.m. and 2 p.m. Don't use tanning beds.


Question: What are rheumatoid nodules?

Answer: About 1 in 5 of people with rheumatoid arthritis get rheumatoid nodules. These hard lumps of tissue range in size from about the size of a pea to as large as a ping pong ball. They may develop under the skin over bony areas such as the elbow, ankle, or finger. They can also form on organs such as the lungs. For some people, treatment with â DMARDsâ (disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs) or steroid shots may shrink nodules. You may need surgery to remove them if they get infected or become painful.


Question: Are skin rashes a side effect of medication for rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: This can happen if you take drugs such as: Celecoxib ( Celebrex) Diclofenac ( Voltaren) Hydroxychloroquine ( Plaquenil) Ibuprofen Leflunomide ( Arava) Methotrexate ( Rheumatrex, Trexall) Minocycline ( Minocin) Naproxen Sulfasalazine ( Azulfidine) Tolmetin ( Tolectin) A skin rash can be a sign of an allergic reaction to a drug. So you should let your doctor know if your skin breaks out or starts itching.


Question: What are signs of rheumatoid vasculitis?

Answer: About 1 in 5 of people with rheumatoid arthritis get rheumatoid nodules. Only about 1 in 100 people with rheumatoid arthritis get vasculitis. The most commonly affected blood vessels are arteries that carry blood to the skin, nerves, and internal organs. When the small vessels of the fingertips and around the nails are affected, the result can be small pits on the fingertips or small sores or redness around the nail. If it happens in larger blood vessels, it can cause a painful rash, often on the legs. In serious cases, ulcers can form and there's a chance they could become infected.


Question: Is sun sensitivity a symptom of medication for rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: This can happen if you take drugs such as: Celecoxib ( Celebrex) Diclofenac ( Voltaren) Hydroxychloroquine ( Plaquenil) Ibuprofen Leflunomide ( Arava) Methotrexate ( Rheumatrex, Trexall) Minocycline ( Minocin) Naproxen Sulfasalazine ( Azulfidine) Tolmetin ( Tolectin) A skin rash can be a sign of an allergic reaction to a drug. When outdoors, wear protective clothing, such as a long-sleeved shirt, pants, and a wide-brimmed hat. Use a sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or more that protects against UVA and UVB rays.


Question: How do doctors treat rashes that are caused by medication for rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: You may need surgery to remove them if they get infected or become painful. So you should let your doctor know if your skin breaks out or starts itching.


Question: What is vasculitis?

Answer: About 1 in 5 of people with rheumatoid arthritis get rheumatoid nodules. Only about 1 in 100 people with rheumatoid arthritis get vasculitis. The most commonly affected blood vessels are arteries that carry blood to the skin, nerves, and internal organs. When the small vessels of the fingertips and around the nails are affected, the result can be small pits on the fingertips or small sores or redness around the nail. If it happens in larger blood vessels, it can cause a painful rash, often on the legs. In serious cases, ulcers can form and there's a chance they could become infected.


Question: What is autogenic training as a form of meditation for pain?

Answer: This technique uses visual imagery and body awareness to help you relax. The person imagines being in a peaceful place and then focuses on different physical sensations, such as heaviness of the limbs or a calm heartbeat. People may practice on their own, creating their own images, or be guided by a therapist.


Question: What research say about hypnosis (hypnotherapy) for pain?

Answer: Research shows that medical hypnosis can help with both sudden (acute) and long-term (chronic) pain from cancer, burns, and rheumatoid arthritis. It may also ease the anxiety some people feel before surgery. When researchers at Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York analyzed 18 studies, they found moderate to large pain-relieving effects from hypnosis, supporting its use for pain management.


Question: How can you use breathing as meditation?

Answer: It's something you do every second of every day -- but often, we forget that it's happening at all. You can practice tuning into your breathing as a form of meditation: in and out, in and out. You can also learn to do breathing exercises. For instance, you can breathe in slowly while you count to 4, hold your breath for 7 more counts, and then exhale for 8 counts.


Question: What is clinical hypnotherapy for pain?

Answer: Clinical hypnosis is a real therapy in which you learn how to use the power of your mind to help make positive changes. And you're in control. During hypnosis, you'll focus on relaxation and letting go of distracting thoughts. You may become more open to specific suggestions and goals, such as lowering pain. After your session, your therapist will go over the things that you can do to help you reach those goals.


Question: What is the best way to learn relaxation techniques for pain?

Answer: The details vary, depending on what type of meditation you choose to do, but it comes down to spending a few minutes (or longer) focusing your attention on one thing -- such as your breathing or a word or phrase that inspires or comforts you. The best way to learn relaxation techniques is with the help of a trained practitioner. Usually, these techniques are taught in a group class and then practiced regularly at home. If you've had psychosis or epilepsy, you may want to speak with your doctor before trying meditation. You should check with your doctor first.


Question: What's a breathing exercise that helps you meditate and manage pain?

Answer: And you're in control. You can also learn to do breathing exercises. For instance, you can breathe in slowly while you count to 4, hold your breath for 7 more counts, and then exhale for 8 counts.


Question: How can acupuncture help treat migraines?

Answer: In this ancient Chinese technique, practitioners insert fine needles into points on your body. They say it helps ease headaches by correcting energy imbalances and making your body better able to resist or overcome illness. Research shows acupuncture may cause your body to release chemicals that block pain, like endorphins. It also may tell your brain to give off other chemicals and hormones that send signals between different types of cells, including those of the immune system.


Question: Is acupuncture effective in treating migraines?

Answer: Acupuncture seems to help with a variety of health problems. The World Health Organization recognizes more than 30 conditions it can improve, from allergies to tennis elbow. Other studies, though, suggest it mainly helps people because they believe it will work.


Question: What is the best way to change my diet in order to treat my migraines?

Answer: Your best bet is to eat a well-balanced diet. Don't skip meals or fast. Each can trigger a migraine. Talk to your doctor before you start a new diet or take any new medications, including vitamins, herbs, and supplements.


Question: Are dietary changes used to treat migraines?

Answer: Certain foods, such as chocolate, aged cheese, citrus fruits, and red wine, may trigger headaches for some people. If this is true for you, try to identify and avoid food-related headache triggers. ( The same goes for other things that bring on headaches, including stress, lack of sleep, and fatigue.) You can start by keeping a careful diary of your headache symptoms and eating habits.


Question: How can I learn how to use biofeedback?

Answer: A specialist in psychology, psychiatry, or integrative medicine can teach you how to use relaxation training.


Question: Who can teach me effective relaxation techniques?

Answer: A specialist in psychology, psychiatry, or integrative medicine can teach you how to use relaxation training.


Question: How can stress management help treat migraines?

Answer: Life events that increase stress, anxiety, and depression have been linked with chronic migraines and other headaches. Studies show that a combination of stress management and some antidepressant drugs ease headaches and the use of pain medications. Along with a regular practice of relaxation, it may also help to get enough sleep and eat a healthy diet.


Question: Are dietary changes effective in treating migraines?

Answer: Researchers have done only a few studies to test if diet changes can ease headache pain. Some found that people who ate less fat had fewer migraines. Others suggest adding omega-3 fatty acids to your diet. Supplements that might help include magnesium, riboflavin, coenzyme Q10, and melatonin.


Question: How can acupuncture help treat migraines and headaches?

Answer: In this ancient Chinese technique, practitioners insert fine needles into points on your body. They say it helps ease headaches by correcting energy imbalances and making your body better able to resist or overcome illness. Research shows acupuncture may cause your body to release chemicals that block pain, like endorphins. It also may tell your brain to give off other chemicals and hormones that send signals between different types of cells, including those of the immune system.


Question: How is biofeedback used to treat migraines and headaches?

Answer: Some tried and true methods include: Electromyographic ( EMG) biofeedback Botox Stress management Acupuncture Massage Herbs Aromatherapy Diet changes Biofeedback helps you use information (feedback) about muscle tension, skin temperature, brain waves, and other body signals to ease your stress. A technician places small metal sensors, called electrodes, on your skin to measure those signs. A machine shows that data as numbers, electrical waves, or sounds on a screen.


Question: What should you do when considering acupuncture for migraines and headaches?

Answer: If you try this approach, be sure to look for an experienced, well-trained acupuncturist who uses sterile needles. Many states require a license, certification, or registration to practice it, so check the laws in your area.


Question: How can stress management help treat migraines and headaches?

Answer: Life events that increase stress, anxiety, and depression have been linked with chronic migraines and other headaches. Studies show that a combination of stress management and some antidepressant drugs ease headaches and the use of pain medications. Along with a regular practice of relaxation, it may also help to get enough sleep and eat a healthy diet. A specialist in psychology, psychiatry, or integrative medicine can teach you how to use relaxation training.


Question: How can you learn to use biofeedback to treat migraines and headaches?

Answer: A specialist in psychology, psychiatry, or integrative medicine can teach you how to use relaxation training.


Question: How can aromatherapy help with migraines and headaches?

Answer: In this type of treatment, you breathe in essential oils or rub them on your skin to help you relax and change how you perceive pain. Many people say that lavender, ginger, or peppermint oils may help relieve tension headaches.


Question: Are herbs used to treat migraines?

Answer: People use a variety of herbs for migraine and headache treatment and prevention. Most of the studies on effectiveness and safety have looked at two: Feverfew is the most popular herbal way to prevent migraines, and studies have shown that it may be helpful, with only mild side effects. But there are no convincing data that it is more effective than a placebo (a fake pill). Scientists need to do more research on these treatments. Talk to your doctor before you start a new diet or take any new medications, including vitamins, herbs, and supplements.


Question: Is biofeedback effective in treating migraines?

Answer: What makes acupuncture a unique pain treatment is that its effects may be long-lasting. Most of the studies on effectiveness and safety have looked at two: Feverfew is the most popular herbal way to prevent migraines, and studies have shown that it may be helpful, with only mild side effects.


Question: Are the effects of acupuncture treatment long lasting?

Answer: In general, its effects seem similar to many drugs that treat headaches, and it can be part of early treatment for migraines. In one study, it eased chronic pain in the neck and shoulder areas and the headaches it caused, and the effects lasted for months.


Question: What are alternative treatments for migraines and headaches?

Answer: So scientists have studied alternative treatments aimed at stress reduction, such as biofeedback and relaxation, and found that they often work well. Some people get relief from nontraditional headache treatments -- including acupuncture, massage, herbs, and diets -- but others don't. Studies show that a combination of stress management and some antidepressant drugs ease headaches and the use of pain medications.


Question: What makes acupuncture unique as a treatment for migraines and headaches?

Answer: In general, its effects seem similar to many drugs that treat headaches, and it can be part of early treatment for migraines. Acupuncture seems to help with a variety of health problems. The World Health Organization recognizes more than 30 conditions it can improve, from allergies to tennis elbow. Other studies, though, suggest it mainly helps people because they believe it will work. In one study, it eased chronic pain in the neck and shoulder areas and the headaches it caused, and the effects lasted for months.


Question: Why should you make an appointment for Alzheimer's now?

Answer: The sooner you know, the better. Starting treatment may help relieve symptoms and keep you independent longer. It also helps you plan better. You can work out living arrangements, make financial and legal decisions, and build up your support network.


Question: What are warning signs of Alzheimer's?

Answer: Words and conversations are frustrating Vocabulary becomes hard.


Question: What are symptoms of peripheral artery disease?

Answer: It can affect different muscle groups, including: Buttock and hip Calf (most common) Foot (less common) Thigh Some people have a sense of burning or numbness. If you have an advanced form of peripheral artery disease, your toes or feet might hurt even while you're resting. Other signs and symptoms of peripheral artery disease include: Changes in the color of your legs Erectile dysfunction Leg weakness Legs that are cooler than your arms Loss of hair on your legs Fainter pulse in your feet Shiny skin on your legs Slow toenail growth Wounds or sores on your toes or feet that don't heal well You can also have severe blockages with no pain at all. This usually is because your body grows blood vessels around the blockages.


Question: Can I prevent peripheral artery disease?

Answer: You might get other tests, including: Angiogram, in which your doctor uses a needle to put dye into your bloodstream before taking an X-ray to find blocked arteries Ankle-brachial index, which compares blood pressure in your lower leg and your upper arm Blood tests to check for risk factors like diabetes or high cholesterol Ultrasound to check blood flow and find blocked arteries Some simple things you can do to manage your symptoms and keep peripheral artery disease from getting worse include: Control your cholesterol and blood pressure Eat a healthy diet Exercise Don't smoke You also might need medical treatments including: Angioplasty.


Question: How is peripheral artery disease diagnosed?

Answer: This type of pain is called claudication. You might get other tests, including: Angiogram, in which your doctor uses a needle to put dye into your bloodstream before taking an X-ray to find blocked arteries Ankle-brachial index, which compares blood pressure in your lower leg and your upper arm Blood tests to check for risk factors like diabetes or high cholesterol Ultrasound to check blood flow and find blocked arteries Some simple things you can do to manage your symptoms and keep peripheral artery disease from getting worse include: Control your cholesterol and blood pressure Eat a healthy diet Exercise Don't smoke You also might need medical treatments including: Angioplasty. Your doctor might also put a mesh tube called a stent into your artery to keep it open. You also might take medicines to lower your cholesterol, blood pressure, or blood sugar.