Question: How do you treat pericoronitis?

Answer: You should also make sure that the gum flap has no food trapped under it. If your tooth, jaw, and cheek are swollen and painful, see your dentist right away. He or she can treat the infection with antibiotics (usually penicillin, unless you are allergic). You can also take pain relievers such as aspirin, acetaminophen, or ibuprofen. The dentist may also prescribe a pain medication. If the pain and inflammation are severe, or if the pericoronitis recurs, it may be necessary to have oral surgery to remove the gum flap or wisdom tooth.


Question: What causes pericoronitis?

Answer: Pericoronitis can develop when wisdom teeth only partially erupt (break through the gum). This allows an opening for bacteria to enter around the tooth and cause an infection. In cases of pericoronitis, food or plaque (a bacterial film that remains on teeth after eating) may get caught underneath a flap of gum around the tooth. If it remains there, it can irritate the gum and lead to pericoronitis.


Question: What are antibody tests for genital herpes?

Answer: Other Genital Herpes Tests Blood tests can detect the HSV antibodies, which are proteins produced by the immune system in response to an infection. With direct fluorescent antibody testing, a solution containing HSV antibodies and a fluorescent dye is added to the sample of cells. If the virus is present in the sample, the antibodies stick to it and glow when viewed under a special microscope.


Question: When is carb counting for type 2 diabetes most useful?

Answer: Anyone can use carb counting. It's most useful for people who take more than one daily injection of insulin, use the insulin pump, or want more flexibility and variety in their food choices.


Question: What are the ingredients for spicy seasoning to replace salt if you have type 2 diabetes?

Answer: Spicy Blend 2 tablespoons dried savory, crumbled 1/4 teaspoon freshly ground white pepper 1 tablespoon dry mustard 1/4 teaspoon ground cumin 2 1/2 teaspoons onion powder 1/2 teaspoon garlic powder 1/4 teaspoon curry powder Saltless Surprise 2 teaspoons garlic powder 1 teaspoon basil 1 teaspoon oregano 1 teaspoon powdered lemon rind or dehydrated lemon juice Herb Seasoning 2 tablespoons dried dill weed or basil leaves, crumbled 1 teaspoon celery seed 2 tablespoons onion powder 1/4 teaspoon dried oregano leaves, crumbled A pinch of freshly ground pepper Spicy Seasoning 1 teaspoon cloves 1 teaspoon pepper 2 teaspoons paprika 1 teaspoon coriander seed (crushed) 1 tablespoon rosemary


Question: How can you figure out how much carbohydrates to have if you have type 2 diabetes?

Answer: If you eat more carbohydrates than your insulin supply can handle, your blood sugar level goes up. If you eat too little, your blood sugar level may fall too low. You can manage these shifts by knowing how to count carbs. One carbohydrate serving equals 15 grams of carbohydrates. A registered dietitian can help you figure out a carbohydrate counting plan that meets your specific needs. For adults, a typical plan includes two to four carb servings at each meal, and one to two as snacks. You can pick almost any food product off the shelf, read the label, and use the information about grams of carbohydrates to fit the food into your type 2 diabetes meal plan.


Question: What foods should you avoid to limit the risk of high blood pressure if you have diabetes?

Answer: Diabetes raises your risk of getting high blood pressure. Too much salt can add to that risk. Your doctor or dietitian may ask you to limit or avoid: Salt and seasoned salt (or salt seasonings) Boxed mixes of potatoes, rice, and pasta Canned meats Canned soups and vegetables with salt Cured or processed foods Ketchup, mustard, salad dressings, other spreads, and canned sauces Packaged soups, gravies, and sauces Pickled foods Processed meats: lunch meat, sausage, bacon, and ham Olives Salty snack foods Monosodium glutamate ( MSG) Soy and steak sauces Use fresh ingredients and foods with no salt added.


Question: What salty items should I avoid if I have diabetes?

Answer: Too much salt can add to that risk. Your doctor or dietitian may ask you to limit or avoid: Salt and seasoned salt (or salt seasonings) Boxed mixes of potatoes, rice, and pasta Canned meats Canned soups and vegetables with salt Cured or processed foods Ketchup, mustard, salad dressings, other spreads, and canned sauces Packaged soups, gravies, and sauces Pickled foods Processed meats: lunch meat, sausage, bacon, and ham Olives Salty snack foods Monosodium glutamate ( MSG) Soy and steak sauces Use fresh ingredients and foods with no salt added.


Question: What is a spicy seasoning recipe substitute for salt?

Answer: Spicy Blend 2 tablespoons dried savory, crumbled 1/4 teaspoon freshly ground white pepper 1 tablespoon dry mustard 1/4 teaspoon ground cumin 2 1/2 teaspoons onion powder 1/2 teaspoon garlic powder 1/4 teaspoon curry powder Saltless Surprise 2 teaspoons garlic powder 1 teaspoon basil 1 teaspoon oregano 1 teaspoon powdered lemon rind or dehydrated lemon juice Herb Seasoning 2 tablespoons dried dill weed or basil leaves, crumbled 1 teaspoon celery seed 2 tablespoons onion powder 1/4 teaspoon dried oregano leaves, crumbled A pinch of freshly ground pepper Spicy Seasoning 1 teaspoon cloves 1 teaspoon pepper 2 teaspoons paprika 1 teaspoon coriander seed (crushed) 1 tablespoon rosemary


Question: Do I need to eat specific carbs if I am on a type 2 diabetes meal plan?

Answer: You can pick almost any food product off the shelf, read the label, and use the information about grams of carbohydrates to fit the food into your type 2 diabetes meal plan.


Question: What can psoriasis be associated with?

Answer: Psoriasis can also be associated with psoriatic arthritis, which causes achy, swollen joints. Between 10% and 30% of people with psoriasis also have this painful joint condition.


Question: What are common signs and symptoms of psoriasis?

Answer: The signs and symptoms of psoriasis can vary depending on the type of psoriasis you have. The 5 most common symptoms of psoriasis include: Rashes or patches of red, inflamed skin, often covered with loose, silver-colored scales. In severe cases, the plaques will grow and merge into one another, covering large areas. Itchy, painful skin that can crack or bleed. Small areas of bleeding where the involved skin is scratched. Problems with your fingernails and toenails, including discoloration and pitting. The nails may also begin to crumble or detach from the nail bed. Scaly plaques on the scalp.


Question: Is psoriasis associated with psoriatic arthritis?

Answer: Psoriasis can also be associated with psoriatic arthritis, which causes achy, swollen joints. Between 10% and 30% of people with psoriasis also have this painful joint condition.


Question: What will determine if surgery is necessary before performing a radical prostatectomy?

Answer: Radical prostatectomy can cure prostate cancer in men whose cancer is limited to the prostate. Men younger than age 75 with limited prostate cancer who are expected to live at least 10 more years tend to get the most benefit from radical prostatectomy. Before performing radical prostatectomy, doctors first try to establish that the prostate cancer has not spread beyond the prostate. The statistical risk of spread can be determined from tables comparing the results of a biopsy and PSA levels.


Question: What is a robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy?

Answer: Robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy Small incisions are made in the belly, as in regular laparoscopic prostatectomy. A surgeon controls an advanced robotic system of surgical tools from outside the body. A high-tech interface lets the surgeon use natural wrist movements and a 3- D screen during radical prostatectomy.


Question: What happens during radical prostatectomy?

Answer: During radical prostatectomy, the removed prostate is examined under a microscope to see if prostate cancer has reached the edge of the prostate. If so, the prostate cancer has probably spread. In these cases, further treatments may be needed.


Question: Who should undergo a radical prostatectomy?

Answer: They include: Urinary incontinence: More than 95% of men younger than age 50 are continent after radical prostatectomy.


Question: What happens before performing a radical prostatectomy?

Answer: Before performing radical prostatectomy, doctors first try to establish that the prostate cancer has not spread beyond the prostate. The statistical risk of spread can be determined from tables comparing the results of a biopsy and PSA levels. Further testing for spread, if needed, can include CT scans, bone scans, MRI scans, and ultrasound.


Question: What are the complications for a radical prostatectomy?

Answer: Still, complications from inadvertent nerve damage do occur after radical prostatectomy. They include: Urinary incontinence: More than 95% of men younger than age 50 are continent after radical prostatectomy. Around 85% of men aged 70 or older maintain continence after the operation. Erectile dysfunction ( ED): Problems with erections are common after prostatectomy. Still, most men are able to have sex after prostatectomy while using medicines for ED (such as Viagra or Cialis), an external pump, or injectable medications. The younger the man, the higher the chance of maintaining potency after prostatectomy. A period of penile rehabilitation is often necessary. Much of the skill involved in radical prostatectomy centers on sparing these nerves during the operation.


Question: What is the difference between open radical prostatectomy versus a minimally invasive radical prostatectomy?

Answer: In 2009, researchers in Boston reported on a study that compared outcomes, benefits, and complications of open surgery vs. minimally invasive surgery: No difference was found in deaths or in the need for additional cancer therapy between the two approaches. The median hospital stay was two days for minimally invasive surgery and three days for open surgery. 2.7% of men having laparoscopic surgery required a blood transfusion compared with 20.8% of men having open surgery. There was more anastomotic stricture -- narrowing of the suture where internal body parts are rejoined -- for open surgery (14%) than for minimally invasive surgery (5.8%). There were fewer respiratory complications with minimally invasive surgery (4.3%) than with open surgery (6.6%). There were lower rates of incontinence and erectile dysfunction with open surgery. The overall rate was 4.7% for laparoscopic surgery and 2.1% for open surgery.


Question: What is a laparoscopic prostatectomy?

Answer: Laparoscopic prostatectomy In laparoscopic prostatectomy, surgeons make several small incisions across the belly. Surgical tools and a camera are inserted through the incisions, and radical prostatectomy is performed from outside the body. The surgeon views the entire operation on a video screen.


Question: What are the risks for radical prostatectomy?

Answer: Radical prostatectomy has a low risk of serious complications. Death or serious disability caused by radical prostatectomy is extremely rare.


Question: What are some other complications of radical prostatectomy?

Answer: Other complications of radical prostatectomy include: Bleeding after the operation Urinary leaks Blood clots Infection Poor wound healing Groin hernia Narrowing of the urethra, blocking urine flow Less than 10% of men experience complications after prostatectomy, and these are usually treatable or short-term.


Question: Can I manage my blood sugar if I am diagnosed with diabetes?

Answer: Your doctor can teach you how to keep track of it and show you what to do to avoid highs and lows.


Question: Who should I go to for information after being diagnosed with diabetes?

Answer: Ask questions and learn as much as you can about: Changes you can make to take care of yourself Medical treatments you need Start with your doctor. They can put you in touch with experts that can give you answers, like: Diabetes educators Dietitians Other specialists Talk to your friends and family members who have diabetes.


Question: What are diabetes ABCs and what is their role in treatment?

Answer: Diabetes makes you more likely to get conditions that may affect your eyes, nerves, heart, teeth, and other body parts. So you want to watch your diabetes ABCs. " A" stands for A1c. This test measures your average blood sugar over the past 2 or 3 months. Your goal is to keep your score around 7% or less without risking low blood sugar. " B" stands for blood pressure. If you have diabetes, you're more likely to get high blood pressure. That can lead to other serious conditions. Get your pressure checked two to four times each year. " C" stands for cholesterol. Diabetes can also raise your chances of having high cholesterol, which makes heart disease and strokes more likely. Get it tested at least once every year.


Question: How can medicine help treat my diabetes?

Answer: You and your doctor will make treatment plan to fit your needs. It could include: Medicines. Whether you need them to treat your diabetes depends on things like your: Symptoms Complications Blood sugar levels Lifestyle changes.


Question: Where can I find a support system if I am diagnosed with diabetes?

Answer: They can put you in touch with experts that can give you answers, like: Diabetes educators Dietitians Other specialists Talk to your friends and family members who have diabetes. You could also join a support group and connect online with other people who are going through the same things you are. Knowing more will help you make good choices.


Question: What are the warning signs of diabetes-related eye problems?

Answer: You may get symptoms like: Numbness or tingling Burning Cuts or sores that heal slowly Erectile dysfunction or vaginal dryness Eye problems called diabetic retinopathy can happen from damage to small blood vessels in the retina. That's a layer of tissue on the inside of your eyes.


Question: How can I have the healthiest lifestyle possible if I have diabetes?

Answer: Once you know more about living with the condition, you'll be ready to put that knowledge into practice. A healthy lifestyle includes: Two to four doctor visits each year A balanced diet At least 30 minutes of exercise most days Steps to reach and keep a healthy weight At least two dentist visits a year No smoking Eye and foot exams every year Yearly vaccinations You can prevent problems if you control your diabetes with diet, medication, exercise, and regular checkups.


Question: What are the warning signs of nerve damage due to diabetes?

Answer: It's also important to know the warning signs of some common complications: Nerve damage called diabetic neuropathy can affect your feet and legs. You may get symptoms like: Numbness or tingling Burning Cuts or sores that heal slowly Erectile dysfunction or vaginal dryness Eye problems called diabetic retinopathy can happen from damage to small blood vessels in the retina.


Question: Why does eye pressure matter?

Answer: It can make you more likely to get several eye problems, including: Swelling in the cornea, the clear outer dome of your eyes Cataracts Damage to the macula, the light-sensing part of the retina that allows you to see Discomfort Unlike with blood pressure, the danger zones for eye pressure can be tricky to pin down.


Question: What is an eye pressure check?

Answer: It shows how firm your eyeball is with the same measurement units used to check blood pressure. The normal range for intraocular pressure is about 10-20 mm HG. The test is done in a couple of ways. Your doctor may touch your eye with the tip of a tool. You may get numbing eye drops first. Rarely, your doctor might give you a quick puff of air onto the eye.


Question: What does high pressure in your eyes cause?

Answer: When the fluid in the front of your eye doesn't drain as well as it should, or your eye is producing too much fluid, pressure can get too high. Your doctor may call this ocular hypertension. It can lead to glaucoma, a group of eye diseases that causes blindness. High eye pressure is one of the top reasons people get it. Glaucoma doesn't cause pain, and you can have it for years without noticing any changes in your vision. So checking for high eye pressure can help you catch it early.


Question: What are the signs of infection after a colposcopy?

Answer: But call your doctor right away if you show any signs of infection, such as: Fever of 100.4 F or higher Heavy, yellow, stinky vaginal discharge Severe pain in your lower abdomen that isn't relieved by over-the-counter pain relievers Vaginal bleeding that lasts more than 7 days There's always a risk that test results are incorrect.


Question: What is a loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) for cervical cancer?

Answer: Your doctor removes abnormal cells with a wire loop that carries an electric current.


Question: Is it possible that colposcopy results are incorrect?

Answer: But call your doctor right away if you show any signs of infection, such as: Fever of 100.4 F or higher Heavy, yellow, stinky vaginal discharge Severe pain in your lower abdomen that isn't relieved by over-the-counter pain relievers Vaginal bleeding that lasts more than 7 days There's always a risk that test results are incorrect. It's rare, but it happens. And there's a chance that abnormal cells can come back, even after your doctor removes them. That's why it's important to continue to get regular Pap smears and check-ups.


Question: What is cryotherapy for cervical cancer?

Answer: Your doctor uses liquid gas to freeze abnormal cells from your cervix.


Question: Why would my doctor recommend I have a colposcopy?

Answer: Your doctor can use a colposcopy to diagnose cervical cancer, genital warts, vaginal cancer, and vulvar cancer, as well.


Question: How can I prepare for a colposcopy?

Answer: Don't put anything inside your vagina -- like creams. This will make it hard for your doctor to see your cervix. And don't use tampons or have vaginal intercourse for a few days before. Call your doctor to reschedule if your period is heavy on the day of your appointment. And let her know if you're taking medicines that thin your blood. These could cause heavy bleeding during your procedure, especially if you have a biopsy, which is the removal of a tiny piece of tissue for testing. Lastly, let your doctor know if you're pregnant.


Question: What is a cone biopsy for cervical cancer?

Answer: Your doctor cuts a cone-shaped piece of tissue from your cervix to remove any precancerous cells. The abnormal cells are typically precancerous or cancerous.


Question: What is the recovery time for a colposcopy?

Answer: With both the colposcopy and the cervical biopsy, you should be able to go back to work or school right away. But don't put anything inside your vagina -- tampons, creams, etc. -- and don't have intercourse for at least 48 hours after your biopsy.


Question: What do the results of the biopsy show after a colposcopy?

Answer: The biopsy samples will be sent off for testing. The results will give your doctor an idea of what steps she should take next. If she's able to remove all the abnormal cells during the biopsy, you may not need more treatment.


Question: Does acupuncture help if you have arthritis?

Answer: The NIH considers acupuncture an acceptable alternative treatment for osteoarthritis, especially if it affects the knee. Studies have shown that acupuncture helps reduce pain, may significantly lessen the need for painkillers, and can help increase range of motion in affected knee joints.


Question: Does curcumin help with arthritis?

Answer: Topical curcumin may help relieve the inflammation of rheumatoid arthritis; if taken in capsule form, it can reduce morning stiffness and boost endurance.


Question: How can calcium help with parathyroid and osteoporosis?

Answer: Calcium helps you move muscles, clot blood, and send messages through nerves. It also builds and strengthens bone. Your body can't make its own calcium -- it has to get it from the food you eat or from supplements. When you aren't getting enough calcium, your body takes it from your bones. Over time, your bones get weak and brittle -- you get osteoporosis. But even a high-calcium diet can't get your body the calcium it needs if your parathyroids aren't working correctly.


Question: What do you need to know about parathyroid and osteoporosis?

Answer: Your parathyroids control how much calcium is in your bones and blood. When they aren't working the way they should, calcium levels can get out of whack. Since calcium is key to good bone health, this puts you at a higher risk of getting osteoporosis.


Question: What are symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis?

Answer: What you experience depends on the severity of the condition: Stiffness and pain in the lower back, buttocks, and hips upon waking in the morning or after a period of inactivity Back pain relieved by movement and exercise Difficulty bending the spine Pain in the hips and difficulty walking Pain in the heels and soles of the feet Pain in the jaw, the temporomandibular joint ( TMJ) Bent-over posture Straightening of the normal curvature of the spine Loss of appetite, weight loss Fatigue, decreased energy Eye swelling, redness, and pain Sensitivity to light Difficulty taking a deep breath (because expanding the chest is difficult and painful) Heart failure Heart block (problems with the flow of the electrical impulses that control your heart muscle) Bowel inflammation like Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis You develop symptoms such as persistent lower-back pain, especially if it is stiff in the morning but improves with movement and exercise You have redness or swelling in the eye, or are abnormally sensitive to light; you could have iritis, a condition commonly associated with ankylosing spondylitis.


Question: What are symptoms of tetanus that need immediate medical attention?

Answer: Go to a medical clinic or hospital emergency room for tetanus symptoms: rigid muscles and painful spasms, often starting in jaw and neck.


Question: How can premenstrual syndrome (PMS) or menopause cause anger?

Answer: Some men might joke about it, but the agitation felt during a woman's period is real. With premenstrual dysphoric disorder ( PMDD), a more intense but less frequent form of PMS, anger can be extreme. Levels of estrogen and progesterone (hormones) fall the week before a woman's period. This in turn can affect her serotonin levels. The drop in hormones is also the reason for the moodiness associated with menopause.


Question: How can epilepsy cause anger?

Answer: It can cause uncontrollable shaking and even loss of consciousness. That can be scary and confusing for someone. It's rare, but sometimes people lash out right after having a seizure. People with epilepsy are also more likely to feel self-conscious, depressed, and anxious. Sometimes anti-seizure medicines can cause behavior changes or outbursts, particularly in kids.


Question: How can a stroke cause anger?

Answer: A stroke can physically damage the brain. And if it strikes the area responsible for emotions, this can lead to changes in behavior like a rise in irritability. This new shift is typical after such a life-changing scare.


Question: What are useful tips to manage anger caused by medical conditions?

Answer: Here are some other useful tips: Try deep breathing and positive self-talk. Talk through your feelings and seek the support of others. Keep a log of your angry thoughts. Learn to assert yourself in healthy, productive ways. Look for the humor in situations.


Question: How can depression cause anger?

Answer: Irritability often goes along with despair. Depressed men in particular are more likely to have violent explosions. It's often described as âanger turned inward,â but it can be turned outward, too. This mood disorder is treatable with medication and therapy.


Question: How can liver failure cause anger?

Answer: Left untreated, inflammation, the early stages of diseases like cirrhosis and hepatitis, can damage the liver. When this organ fails, it stops removing toxic substances from the body. The buildup of poisons can lead to hepatic encephalopathy, a brain disorder that causes personality changes and loss of control.


Question: What are symptoms of allergic asthma?

Answer: The symptoms of allergic asthma are generally the same as those of non-allergic asthma. They include: Coughing Wheezing Shortness of breath Fast breathing Tightening of the chest Allergens you inhale are some of the most likely to worsen your allergic asthma.


Question: How do I know which allergens cause my allergic asthma?

Answer: Tobacco smoke Air pollution Cold air Strong chemical odors Perfumes or other scented products Intense emotions that cause you to laugh or cry Your doctor might recommend allergy tests to figure out what allergens affect you. These tests usually involve pricking your skin with a tiny amount of the suspected allergen or injecting it under your skin. Your doctor then checks your skin for a reaction. If a skin test isn't possible, you might get a blood test instead.


Question: What are the ingredients for spicy blend to maintain a low-salt diet for heart failure?

Answer: Spicy Blend 2 Tbsp dried savory, crumbled 1/4 tsp freshly ground white pepper 1 Tbsp dry mustard 1/4 tsp ground cumin 2 1/2 tsp onion powder 1/2 tsp garlic powder 1/4 tsp curry powder Salt-less Surprise 2 tsp garlic powder 1 tsp basil 1 tsp oregano 1 tsp powdered lemon rind or dehydrated lemon juice Herb Seasoning 2 Tbsp dried dill weed or basil leaves, crumbled 1 tsp celery seed 2 Tbsp onion powder 1/4 tsp dried oregano leaves, crumbled Pinch freshly ground pepper Spicy Seasoning 1 tsp cloves 1 tsp pepper 2 tsp paprika 1 tsp coriander seed (crushed) 1 Tbsp rosemary Restaurant Dining Tips Eventually, you'll eat at a restaurant.


Question: What should you have for breakfast if you have heart failure?

Answer: Breakfast Fresh fruit Low-sodium cereal (hot or cold) Milk Lunch Lean roast turkey on whole wheat bread with low-sodium mustard Raw carrot sticks Applesauce Milk Vanilla wafers Dinner Grilled chicken Boiled potatoes Steamed fresh vegetables Tossed salad and low-sodium dressing Fresh melon Snacks Fruit Walnuts or almonds Raisins Yogurt Cooking Tips Use fresh ingredients or foods with no added salt.


Question: How much breads and grains should you have if you have heart failure?

Answer: One could contain: 1/2 cup chopped, cooked, frozen, or canned fruit 1/2 cup chopped, cooked, frozen, or no-salt added canned vegetables 1/2 cup low-sodium tomato juice or vegetable juice 1/2 cup low-sodium tomato sauce Bread and Grains You should get six or more servings of these every day. One equals: 1 slice low-sodium bread, 1 small low-sodium roll, 1/2 low-sodium bagel 1/2 cup pasta (noodles, spaghetti, macaroni) 1/2 cup rice Low-sodium crackers (read label for serving size) Sweets and Snacks Everyone needs a snack every now and then.


Question: How can a low-salt diet help people with heart failure?

Answer: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } People with heart failure may improve their symptoms by reducing the amount of sodium in their diet. Sodium is a mineral found in many foods, especially salt. Eating too much salt causes the body to keep or retain too much water, worsening the fluid buildup that happens with heart failure. Following a low-salt diet helps keep high blood pressure and swelling (also called edema) under control. It can also make breathing easier if you have heart failure.


Question: What should you have as snacks if you have heart failure?

Answer: It can also make breathing easier if you have heart failure.


Question: What are recommended appetizers if you have heart failure and are trying to maintain a low-salt diet?

Answer: Stay away from bread and rolls with salty, buttery crusts.


Question: What are the ingredients for salt-less surprise to maintain a low-salt diet for heart failure?

Answer: Spicy Blend 2 Tbsp dried savory, crumbled 1/4 tsp freshly ground white pepper 1 Tbsp dry mustard 1/4 tsp ground cumin 2 1/2 tsp onion powder 1/2 tsp garlic powder 1/4 tsp curry powder Salt-less Surprise 2 tsp garlic powder 1 tsp basil 1 tsp oregano 1 tsp powdered lemon rind or dehydrated lemon juice Herb Seasoning 2 Tbsp dried dill weed or basil leaves, crumbled 1 tsp celery seed 2 Tbsp onion powder 1/4 tsp dried oregano leaves, crumbled Pinch freshly ground pepper Spicy Seasoning 1 tsp cloves 1 tsp pepper 2 tsp paprika 1 tsp coriander seed (crushed) 1 Tbsp rosemary Restaurant Dining Tips Eventually, you'll eat at a restaurant.


Question: How much dairy products should you have if you have heart failure?

Answer: 2-3 ounces of fresh or frozen fish, shellfish, meat (beef, veal, lamb, pork), or poultry 1/2 cup cooked dried beans or peas 1/2 cup low-salt canned fish (such as salmon or tuna) 1 low-sodium frozen dinner (less than 600 milligrams of sodium per meal; limit to one per day) 1 egg Dairy Products Two or more servings a day is the sweet spot here. Examples of a serving include: 2-3 ounces of low-sodium cheese 1 cup milk (fat-free, 1%, 2%, or whole) 1/2 cup low-sodium cottage cheese 1 cup soy milk Vegetables and Fruits Your goal here is five servings per day.


Question: What are recommended salads if you have heart failure and are trying to maintain a low-salt diet?

Answer: Avoid pickles, canned or marinated vegetables, cured meats, seasoned croutons, cheeses, salted seeds.


Question: What should you have for dinner if you have heart failure?

Answer: Breakfast Fresh fruit Low-sodium cereal (hot or cold) Milk Lunch Lean roast turkey on whole wheat bread with low-sodium mustard Raw carrot sticks Applesauce Milk Vanilla wafers Dinner Grilled chicken Boiled potatoes Steamed fresh vegetables Tossed salad and low-sodium dressing Fresh melon Snacks Fruit Walnuts or almonds Raisins Yogurt Cooking Tips Use fresh ingredients or foods with no added salt.


Question: What are the ingredients for herb seasoning to maintain a low-salt diet for heart failure?

Answer: Spicy Blend 2 Tbsp dried savory, crumbled 1/4 tsp freshly ground white pepper 1 Tbsp dry mustard 1/4 tsp ground cumin 2 1/2 tsp onion powder 1/2 tsp garlic powder 1/4 tsp curry powder Salt-less Surprise 2 tsp garlic powder 1 tsp basil 1 tsp oregano 1 tsp powdered lemon rind or dehydrated lemon juice Herb Seasoning 2 Tbsp dried dill weed or basil leaves, crumbled 1 tsp celery seed 2 Tbsp onion powder 1/4 tsp dried oregano leaves, crumbled Pinch freshly ground pepper Spicy Seasoning 1 tsp cloves 1 tsp pepper 2 tsp paprika 1 tsp coriander seed (crushed) 1 Tbsp rosemary Restaurant Dining Tips Eventually, you'll eat at a restaurant.


Question: What is considered a low-salt diet?

Answer: You should have no more than 2,300 milligrams of sodium each day if you've got heart failure. Less than 1,500 mg a day is ideal.


Question: How much sweets and snacks should you have if you have heart failure?

Answer: Make sure it's every now and then, and choose: 2 1/2 ounces unsalted nuts 1 slice angel food cake 1/2 cup low-sodium potato chips, pretzels, popcorn, and other snacks 1 tablespoon jelly or honey 1 cup sherbet, sorbet, or Italian ice 1 ice pop 3 fig bars or gingersnaps 8-10 jelly beans; 3 pieces hard candy Fats, Oils and Condiments Use these as much as you can.


Question: How can you prevent dehydration in babies and young children?

Answer: If your infant or young child is dehydrated, you can try the âbabyâ version of a sports drink, like Pedialyte or Equalyte. If an over-the-counter solution isn't available, give her small sips of water. Don't try to make up your own homemade version. Be sure to check with you pediatrician if your child doesn't get better quickly.


Question: How can you prevent dehydration during exercise?

Answer: Anyone who exercises, no matter what age or skill level, needs to make sure they get enough fluids: Drink a cup of water about 4 hours before you exercise. Have another half-cup of water every 10 to 15 minutes while you're exercising. Drink water after you're done. If your body is producing plenty of light-colored urine, that's a good sign.


Question: What are the causes of a urinary tract infection (UTI)?

Answer: Most UTIs are due to bacteria that are normally found in your gut, such as E. coli. Other bacteria that can cause them include staphylococcus, proteus, klebsiella, enterococcus, and pseudomonas. Some bladder infections in both men and women are linked to sexually transmitted infections, including Chlamydia trachomatis, mycoplasma, and ureaplasma. The parasite trichomonas can also cause similar symptoms.


Question: What are urinary tract infections (UTIs)?

Answer: UTIs are bacterial infections in the urinary system. They're very common and usually not serious, though there can be exceptions. Your urinary tract includes your bladder, kidneys, ureters (tubes that go from your kidneys to your bladder), and urethra (the tube that carries urine out of your body from your bladder).


Question: Who gets urinary tract infections (UTIs)?

Answer: Anyone can. But they're more likely when you: Are a woman Have had UTIs before Have a condition that affects your bladder's nerves (including diabetes, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, and spinal cord injuries) Have been through menopause Are overweight Have something that blocks the passage of urine, such as a tumor, kidney stone, or an enlarged prostate Use a diaphragm or spermicide for birth control Have a catheter, a tube placed into the bladder to drain urine from the bladder into a bag outside the body Are a man who has sex with men, has HIV, or hasn't been circumcised Most of these traits also raise the odds that a simple bladder infection may become a more serious kidney infection or turn into sepsis (an infection that has gotten into your bloodstream).


Question: What can I do to understand my medical information while Iâm coping with cancer?

Answer: Don't be afraid to ask your doctor, nurse, or other health care provider to repeat and explain any instructions or medical terms that you don't understand. They should be available to answer your questions and address your concerns. Make use of resources and support services offered by your hospital and in the community. Learning more about your disease will help you feel more comfortable with your treatment. Ask your family and friends to help you sort through the information you receive. Talk with other patients and families about cancer and its treatment.


Question: How can counseling help after a cancer diagnosis?

Answer: Counseling services can help cancer patients and families: Discuss issues of concern Develop and enhance coping abilities Gain a sense of control Enjoy a quality of life In addition, mental health care providers are available to create a treatment plan to meet your specific needs. Strategies can be designed to help you regain a sense of control over your life and improve your quality of life -- something everyone deserves. At times, if depression is present, medications other than those treating your cancer may be prescribed.


Question: What  trees  are bad for pollen allergies?

Answer: Trees Alder, ash (male), aspen (male), beech, birch, box elder (male), cedar (male), cottonwood (male), elm, hickory, red and silver maples (male), mulberry (male), oak, olive, palm (male), pecan, pine, poplar (male), sycamore, walnut, willow (male).


Question: What flowers and plants are worst for pollen allergies?

Answer: Flowers/herbs Amaranth (pigweed), chamomile, chrysanthemums, daisies, ordinary sunflowers.


Question: What are grasses that are bad for allergies?

Answer: Grasses Bermuda, fescue, Johnson, June, orchard, perennial rye, redtop, salt grass, sweet vernal, timothy.


Question: What  weeds  are bad for allergies?

Answer: Weeds Cocklebur, ragweed, Russian thistle, sagebrush.


Question: What is a nebulizer?

Answer: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } A nebulizer changes medication from a liquid to a mist so that it can be more easily inhaled into the lungs. Nebulizers are particularly effective in delivering asthma medications to infants and small children and to anyone who has difficulty using an asthma inhaler. It is also convenient when a large dose of an inhaled medication is needed. Nebulized therapy is often called a "breathing treatment." And a variety of medications -- both for immediate relief and maintenance of asthma symptoms -- are available for use with a nebulizer. Nebulizers come in home (tabletop) and portable models.


Question: Do antibiotics help treat gum disease?

Answer: This method reduces the size of the space between the gum and tooth, thereby decreasing the areas where harmful bacteria can grow and decreasing the chance of serious health problems associated with periodontal disease.


Question: How is flap surgery/pocket reduction surgery done to treat gum disease?

Answer: During this procedure the gums are lifted back and the tartar is removed. In some cases, irregular surfaces of the damaged bone are smoothed to limit areas where disease-causing bacteria can hide. The gums are then placed so that the tissue fits snugly around the tooth. This method reduces the size of the space between the gum and tooth, thereby decreasing the areas where harmful bacteria can grow and decreasing the chance of serious health problems associated with periodontal disease.


Question: What is guided tissue regeneration for gum disease treatment?

Answer: Performed when the bone supporting your teeth has been destroyed, this procedure stimulates bone and gum tissue growth. Done in combination with flap surgery, a small piece of mesh-like fabric is inserted between the bone and gum tissue. This keeps the gum tissue from growing into the area where the bone should be, allowing the bone and connective tissue to regrow to better support the teeth.


Question: How does chlorhexidine help in the treatment for gum disease?

Answer: The medication is available as a mouth rinse or as a gelatin-filled chip that is placed in pockets after root planing and releases the medication slowly over about 7 days.


Question: What are the method used to treat depression in teenagers?

Answer: There are a variety of methods used to treat depression, including medications and psychotherapy. Family therapy may be helpful if family conflict is contributing to a teen's depression. The teen will also need support from family or teachers to help with any school or peer problems. Occasionally, hospitalization in a psychiatric unit may be required for teenagers with severe depression. Your mental health care provider will determine the best course of treatment for your teen. The FDA warns that antidepressant medications can, rarely, increase the risk of suicidal thinking and behavior in children and adolescents with depression and other psychiatric disorders.


Question: What are the three approaches to treat adolescents with moderate to severe depression?

Answer: One key recent study, funded by the National Institute of Mental Health, reviewed three different approaches to treating adolescents with moderate to severe depression: One approach was using the antidepressant medication Prozac, which is approved by the FDA for use with pediatric patients ages 8-18. The second treatment was using cognitive behavioral therapy, or CBT, to help the teen recognize and change negative patterns of thinking that may increase symptoms of depression. The third approach was a combination of medication and CBT.


Question: What psychiatric disorders are ssociated with teen depression?

Answer: The doctor will also look for signs of potentially co-existing psychiatric disorders such as anxiety or substance abuse or screen for complex forms of depression such as bipolar disorder (manic depressive illness) or psychosis.


Question: What are the warning signs of a stroke?

Answer: These are called transient ischemic attacks (also called TIA or "mini-stroke"), brief episodes of the stroke symptoms listed above. A TIA is when a blockage, caused by a clot, is temporary. These leave no permanent brain damage but do put you at higher risk for a subsequent stroke. Some people have no warning signs before a stroke, or symptoms are so mild that they are not noticeable. Regular check-ups are important in catching problems before they become serious. Report any symptoms or risk factors to your doctor.


Question: What characteristics are common in a person with Munchausen syndrome by proxy (MSP)?

Answer: Certain characteristics are common in a person with MSP, including: Is a parent or caregiver, usually a mother May be a health care professional Is very friendly and cooperative with the health care providers Appears quite concerned (some may seem overly concerned) about their child May suffer from Munchausen syndrome (a related disorder in which a person repeatedly acts as if he or she has a physical or mental illness when he or she is not really sick) Other possible warning signs of MSP include: The child has a history of many hospitalizations, often with a strange set of symptoms.


Question: How can psychotherapy help with treating Munchausen syndrome by proxy (MSP)?

Answer: Psychotherapy (a type of counseling) generally focuses on changing the thinking and behavior of the individual with the disorder (cognitive-behavioral therapy). The goal of therapy for MSP is to help the person identify the thoughts and feelings that are contributing to the behavior, and to learn to form relationships that are not associated with being ill.


Question: What should you avoid doing until a root canal procedure is completely done?

Answer: Root canal therapy should relieve the pain you feel. Until your root canal procedure is completely finished -- that is, the permanent filling is in place and a crown, if needed, is in place -- it's wise to minimize chewing on the tooth under repair. This step will help avoid recontaminating the tooth's interior and also may prevent a fragile tooth from breaking before the tooth can be fully restored.


Question: How should you return to oral care after a root canal?

Answer: Because a tooth that needs root canal therapy often is one that has a large filling or extensive decay or other weakness, a crown, crown and post, or other restoration often needs to be placed on the tooth to protect it, prevent it from breaking, and restore it to full function.


Question: How does the dentist keep your mouth dry during a root canal?

Answer: Next, to keep the area dry and free of saliva during treatment, your dentist will place a rubber dam (a sheet of rubber) around the tooth.


Question: How might sex be different after giving birth?

Answer: After pregnancy, some women notice a lack of vaginal lubrication during intercourse. A water-based lubricant may be used during intercourse to decrease the discomfort of vaginal dryness.


Question: Will sex feel different during pregnancy?

Answer: As your pregnancy progresses, changing positions may become necessary for your comfort. After the fourth month of pregnancy a woman may notice feeling dizzy or nauseated while lying flat on her back. This is related to the weight of the growing uterus pressing on major blood vessels. Positions may need to be altered at this time. A water-based lubricant may be used during intercourse if necessary.


Question: Why would your doctor recommend against sex when you're pregnant?

Answer: Your doctor may recommend not having intercourse early in pregnancy if you have a history of miscarriages. Intercourse also may be restricted if you have certain complications of pregnancy, such as pre-term labor or bleeding. You may need to ask your doctor to clarify if this means no penetration, no orgasms, or no sexual arousal, because different complications may require different restrictions.


Question: When can I have sex after my baby is born?

Answer: In general, you can resume sexual activity between 4 and 6 weeks after delivery, but talk to your doctor. She may recommend that you wait until after your first postpartum appointment before having intercourse with your partner. That's typically at about 6 weeks.


Question: Will my sexual desires change during pregnancy?

Answer: Changing hormones cause some women to experience an increased sex drive during pregnancy, while others may not be as interested in sex as they were before they became pregnant. During the first trimester, some women commonly lose interest in sex because they are tired and uncomfortable, while other women's sexual desires stay the same. If your doctor has limited your sexual activity, or if you are not in the mood for intercourse, remember to take time for intimacy with your partner.


Question: Is painful sex during pregnancy normal?

Answer: During intercourse, you should not feel pain. During orgasm, your uterus will contract. If you have any contractions that are painful or regular, contact your doctor. Also, discontinue intercourse and call your doctor immediately if you have heavy vaginal bleeding (light spotting is normal) or if your water breaks (nothing should enter the vagina after your water breaks).


Question: How is a frozen shoulder treated?

Answer: Over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ( NSAIDs) like aspirin or ibuprofen can help relieve the pain and inflammation in your shoulder. If they don't help, your doctor might prescribe a stronger medication. Your treatment might also include going to a physical therapist for strengthening and stretching exercises to improve your range of motion.


Question: Is it possible that certain foods cause my child to be more hyperactive and should I cut them out?

Answer: Parents are encouraged to try cutting certain foods from their children's diet if they feel the foods affect behavior negatively. It's usually best to eliminate one food or category at a time so that you can be certain the effect you are seeing can be attributed to the category you are eliminating. Some experts, though, think that behavioral changes may be due to the way the families interact with each other while they're on an elimination diet. The child's behavior may improve -- not because of the diet, but as a result of getting more attention from the parents.


Question: Is it possible to prevent ADHD in children?

Answer: There is no scientific proof linking ADHD to sugar.


Question: What pregnancy complications are linked to ADHD?

Answer: Children whose mothers smoked while they were pregnant are twice as likely to develop ADHD. Some studies suggest a pregnant woman's exposure to lead, as well as lead exposure in early childhood, may be linked to ADHD. Other studies are exploring the possible connection between premature birth and ADHD.


Question: What is behavior management for children with ADHD?

Answer: Many therapists believe you can impact your child's behavior by using behavior management. The first step is to foster a positive parent-child relationship. Therapists say this can be done by spending quality time with your child each day -- your child's "special time." During this time, let them pick an activity. Then simply focus on enjoying your child and their interests. The next step in behavioral management is to use positive reinforcement when your child behaves well. Praise and reward them for it. Your child may behave well more often. Experts encourage parents to notice their child's good behavior at least five times a day and offer simple praise for it.


Question: For a child with ADHD, should I use the same reward system at home that the teacher at school uses?

Answer: If your child's teacher is using a behavior or reward system at school, try to implement a similar system at home. Many teachers use points, stickers, or color-level systems to reward good behavior.


Question: How can I help make sure my child with ADHD has a structured schedule?

Answer: Post a daily schedule where your child can see it, so they know what to expect. This daily schedule should include specific times for such activities as: Waking up Eating meals Playing Doing homework Doing chores Watching TV Taking part in after-school activities Going to bed Once the schedule is set, follow it as closely as possible each day. If there are going to be any disruptions in the schedule, explain them in advance to your child. Though posting a schedule doesn't prevent ADHD, it should help improve your child's ability to stay on task. For older children, with or without ADHD, having a homework routine in place can make the after-school time more effective. Set aside an area away from distractions for doing homework. Taking small breaks during homework time can also help, especially if your child is hyperactive and has difficulty staying focused.


Question: How do you know if you have abnormal nipple discharge caused by galactorrhea?

Answer: But galactorrhea simply describes a condition in which a woman's breast secretes milk or a milky nipple discharge even though she is not breastfeeding. Galactorrhea is not a disease and has many possible causes. These include: Pituitary gland tumors Certain medications, including some hormones and psychotropic drugs Some herbs, such as anise and fennel Hypothyroidism Illegal drugs, including marijuana Infection.


Question: What does a negative result from a D-Dimer test mean?

Answer: If your result is "negative," you most likely don't have a problem with blood clots, such as DVT.


Question: What are the symptoms of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)?

Answer: You have higher odds of a clot with: Antiphospholipid syndrome, a disease in your immune system Clotting diseases that you're born with Major surgery, such as a knee replacement Major injury, such as a broken leg Long periods of sitting or lying down, such as a long plane ride or hospital stay Pregnancy or if you recently had a baby Some cancers To test for Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation: D-dimer can also be used to help test for what's called disseminated intravascular coagulation ( DIC), in which blood clots form in small blood vessels throughout your body while also causing bleeding. It can be life-threatening.


Question: How do I choose a pair of shoes for a 1-year-old?

Answer: Though you might be tempted to reach for the cutest shoes on the shelf, comfort and fit are the most important priorities for your baby's first pair of shoes. Go to a store that specializes in children's shoes and ask a salesperson to measure your baby's feet. Make sure there is enough room in the shoes for your baby's feet to grow. You'll probably need to go shoe shopping again in two or three months as your baby's feet continue to grow.


Question: What happens to your baby's motor skills at the 12 month mark?

Answer: Your 1-year-old should be standing alone, and may even have taken those first tentative solo steps. If she hasn't, hopefully you'll have your video camera ready to capture the moment when she does. One-year-olds are pretty good at doing a few things for themselves, such as eating with their fingers, helping their parents dress them, and turning the pages of a storybook. Your baby should be starting to use a few everyday items correctly, including a spoon, telephone, and hairbrush.


Question: How are tooth infections treated?

Answer: These are some things you can do to ease your symptoms: Take over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen, aspirin, or naproxen for the discomfort Try to chew on the side of your mouth away from the tooth When you brush your teeth, use a toothbrush with soft bristles If you have an abscessed tooth, your dentist may recommend one of the following treatments, depending on how serious the abscess is: If you have a simple abscess, your dentist, or a specialist called an endodontist, can do a root canal to get rid of the infection and hopefully save the tooth. If the abscess is large, it may need to be drained first before a root canal is done. Your dentist or endodontist will make a small cut in the gum to let the pus out and then rinse the area with saline (salt water). After the tooth is sealed back up, your dentist can then put on a cap or crown as a top layer to protect the tooth and make sure you don't get another abscess. If your tooth can't be saved, your dentist might need to pull it, then drain the abscess to get rid of the infection. Your dentist also might give you antibiotics to make sure the infection doesn't spread to other teeth or other parts of your body.


Question: What should you know about tooth infections?

Answer: These infections don't go away on their own, so it's important to see your dentist if you think you have one. If it's not treated, it can spread to your jaw or other areas of your head or neck. These are some things you can do to ease your symptoms: Take over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen, aspirin, or naproxen for the discomfort Try to chew on the side of your mouth away from the tooth When you brush your teeth, use a toothbrush with soft bristles If you have an abscessed tooth, your dentist may recommend one of the following treatments, depending on how serious the abscess is: If you have a simple abscess, your dentist, or a specialist called an endodontist, can do a root canal to get rid of the infection and hopefully save the tooth.


Question: How can you prevent tooth infections?

Answer: Good dental habits can help keep your teeth and gums healthy: Brush with fluoride toothpaste twice a day for at least 2 minutes each time. Don't rinse your mouth with mouthwash or water immediately after brushing -- that can take the protective toothpaste off your teeth. Floss at least once a day to clean between your teeth and under your gums. Cut down on sugary and starchy drinks and foods, especially between meals and right before bed. See your dentist for regular checkups.


Question: How can menopause change your cholesterol levels relative to rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: Before menopause, women appear to get a boost in HDL "good" cholesterol thanks to the hormone estrogen. It also appears to help control levels of LDL "bad" cholesterol. After menopause, when this benefit goes away, it's even more crucial to eat healthy foods to keep your cholesterol levels in check.


Question: What statistics does the American Heart Association recommend that I reach if I have rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: Some examples are: Plant-based oils such as canola, olive, peanut, safflower, and sesame Nuts and seeds such as flaxseed, sunflower, and walnuts The American Heart Association suggests you shoot for these numbers: Total fat: 25%-35% of your daily calories. If you're eating 1,200 calories, that's between 33 and 47 grams of fat. Saturated fat: Less than 7% of daily calories, or 9 grams of saturated fat. Trans fats: Avoid all trans fats. Cholesterol: Less than 300 milligrams per day. If you already have high LDL or you take cholesterol medicine, you should get less than 200 milligrams of cholesterol per day. Fiber: 25 to 30 grams per day, preferably from whole grains, fruits, veggies, and legumes.


Question: What foods help my heart and my rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: There's a good reason to go for this bargain. If you have rheumatoid arthritis, you've got a bigger chance of having problems with your heart. So make smart choices when you go to the supermarket or dine out. When you have RA, the inflammation that makes your joints sore, hot, and swollen can lead to clogged arteries, heart attacks, and strokes. Eat the right foods -- and avoid some bad ones -- and your heart and joints will be grateful.


Question: What foods are high in unsaturated fats?

Answer: On the other hand, foods that are high in unsaturated fats are good for your heart. Some examples are: Plant-based oils such as canola, olive, peanut, safflower, and sesame Nuts and seeds such as flaxseed, sunflower, and walnuts The American Heart Association suggests you shoot for these numbers: Total fat: 25%-35% of your daily calories.


Question: Should I watch my weight if I have rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: Try to lose extra pounds if you need to, or keep up the good work if you're at the right weight now. If you're not overweight, you'll be less likely to get heart disease, and you'll keep extra pressure off your joints. If you're heavier than you should be, losing weight may help lower inflammation, because fat cells make chemicals that cause it. If you want to keep a healthy weight, figure out how many calories you need each day, and don't eat more than you can burn off. If you want to shed pounds, eat fewer than you burn. Make it a habit to check calorie amounts in the foods you eat. You can get the info from packaged food labels, cookbooks, websites, and cellphone apps. Use it to help you make a meal plan. It can also help to keep a food diary for a while.


Question: How does rheumatoid arthritis cause inflammation?

Answer: When you have RA, the inflammation that makes your joints sore, hot, and swollen can lead to clogged arteries, heart attacks, and strokes. Eat the right foods -- and avoid some bad ones -- and your heart and joints will be grateful.


Question: How can you keep a healthy weight if you have rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: If you want to keep a healthy weight, figure out how many calories you need each day, and don't eat more than you can burn off. If you want to shed pounds, eat fewer than you burn. Make it a habit to check calorie amounts in the foods you eat. You can get the info from packaged food labels, cookbooks, websites, and cellphone apps. Use it to help you make a meal plan. It can also help to keep a food diary for a while. Stay away from fatty snacks, and fill up on whole-grain foods, fruits, and vegetables that have lots of fiber. Because they're high in nutrients and low in calories, these foods will help you feel full. They're good for you and can help you maintain your weight.


Question: What foods cause high cholesterol levels relative to rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: The main culprits in your diet are foods high in saturated fat, such as some meats, butter, cheese, whole milk, and processed foods.


Question: Which foods are good for your heart if you have rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: On the other hand, foods that are high in unsaturated fats are good for your heart. Some examples are: Plant-based oils such as canola, olive, peanut, safflower, and sesame Nuts and seeds such as flaxseed, sunflower, and walnuts The American Heart Association suggests you shoot for these numbers: Total fat: 25%-35% of your daily calories.


Question: What should your meal plan consist of to help your heart and rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: Some examples are: Plant-based oils such as canola, olive, peanut, safflower, and sesame Nuts and seeds such as flaxseed, sunflower, and walnuts The American Heart Association suggests you shoot for these numbers: Total fat: 25%-35% of your daily calories. If you're eating 1,200 calories, that's between 33 and 47 grams of fat. Saturated fat: Less than 7% of daily calories, or 9 grams of saturated fat. Trans fats: Avoid all trans fats. Cholesterol: Less than 300 milligrams per day. If you already have high LDL or you take cholesterol medicine, you should get less than 200 milligrams of cholesterol per day. Fiber: 25 to 30 grams per day, preferably from whole grains, fruits, veggies, and legumes.


Question: What can rheumatoid arthritis lead to?

Answer: When you have RA, the inflammation that makes your joints sore, hot, and swollen can lead to clogged arteries, heart attacks, and strokes.


Question: Can fiber help fight inflammation caused by rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: Studies suggest it reduces C-reactive protein ( CRP), a sign of inflammation found in the blood. A high CRP level can signal rheumatoid arthritis or heart disease. Stock up on fruits, vegetables, and other high-fiber foods.


Question: What are treatments for different stages of esophageal cancer?

Answer: Chemotherapy, radiation, targeted therapy, immunotherapy; treatment for this stage focuses on "palliative" therapy.


Question: What are the symptoms of esophageal cancer?

Answer: Early on there may be no symptoms. In more advanced cancers, symptoms of esophageal cancer include: Difficulty or pain when swallowing Weight loss Pain in the chest, behind the breastbone Coughing Hoarseness Indigestion and heartburn There are a number of factors which increase a person's risk of developing esophageal cancer.


Question: Who gets esophageal cancer?

Answer: They include: Smoking or other use of tobacco Heavy alcohol use Gastroesophageal reflux disease ( GERD), in which contents and acid from the stomach back up into the esophagus Barrett's esophagus, a condition that affects the lower part of the esophagus and can lead to esophageal cancer; Barrett's esophagus may be caused by GERD. Over time, stomach acid in the esophagus can cause changes in the cells that increase risk for adenocarcinoma. In addition, certain groups -- men, the elderly, and people who are obese -- are at greater risk for esophageal cancer. Risk of adenocarcinoma of the esophagus is higher in white men, but squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus is more common in Asian men and men of color.


Question: How much exercise does someone with multiple sclerosis need?

Answer: How much exercise do you need, and what kind should you do? When it comes to MS, there's no one-size-fits-all answer. Your symptoms, treatment, and lifestyle will help determine your exercise plan.


Question: How do weights help people with multiple sclerosis?

Answer: Depending on your situation, a physical therapist can change your exercises to make them safer and more effective. What's more, a physical therapist can help with specific things like building strength, so you can move around better.


Question: Why is it important for people with multiple sclerosis to exercise slowly?

Answer: Ease into your exercise routine. If all you can manage is a walk around the block -- or across the room -- that's fine. Start with that and keep it up. In time, you'll build up your strength and be able to do much more.


Question: How can you manage fatigue from immunotherapy?

Answer: It sounds strange, but sleeping as much as you want can make you more tired. Limit daytime naps to less than 1 hour. Try short walks and light exercise to build more energy. Eat healthy meals with lean protein, and drink at least 8 glasses of water a day to keep up your strength. Find ways to lower stress: Talk with a friend, draw, or listen to music. Lots of things can help you recharge.


Question: Can you get flu-like symptoms after immunotherapy?

Answer: Flu-like symptoms: Some immunotherapy drugs can make you feel like you have the flu. Along with a fever, you could have a headache, nausea, muscle or joint aches, chills, weakness, and dizziness. Some people also get a runny nose, dry cough, or diarrhea.


Question: What should I do if I have a high fever after immunotherapy?

Answer: Fever: If your temperature's 100.5 F or higher, you can often lower it with over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ( NSAIDs) like ibuprofen, but check with your doctor first. If you have other health issues, like a bleeding disorder, NSAIDs could make it worse.


Question: How can you manage flu-like symptoms from immunotherapy?

Answer: Flu-like symptoms: Some immunotherapy drugs can make you feel like you have the flu. Along with a fever, you could have a headache, nausea, muscle or joint aches, chills, weakness, and dizziness. Some people also get a runny nose, dry cough, or diarrhea. There's no single way to treat all these symptoms. Instead, your doctor will suggest ways to ease them. Sometimes, an over-the-counter pain reliever can make you more comfortable. You may need a stronger prescription drug for symptoms like diarrhea and severe vomiting. Your doctor will also suggest ways to manage your symptoms at home. For instance, to calm your stomach, you can try cold foods that don't have a strong smell. If you're throwing up, sip ice water, juice, or ginger ale throughout the day so you don't get dehydrated. A heating pad or ice pack can ease sore muscles. Alternative treatments like massage, acupuncture, and hypnosis may help with some of these symptoms, too.


Question: What are the side effects of immunotherapy?

Answer: How you'll feel during and after treatment will depend on a few things: The cancer you have The type of drug and the dose you get How healthy you are when you start treatment Most people have these problems when they go through immunotherapy, but you can manage them.


Question: How can you manage skin problems from immunotherapy?

Answer: To keep inflamed skin from getting worse, use a mild, unscented soap and lukewarm -- not hot -- water in the shower or bath. Within 5 minutes of getting out, moisturize your skin. ( Choose a brand that doesn't have perfume in it.) Stay out of the sun as much as you can, and if you are outside, use a sunscreen of SPF 30 or higher. It's also a good idea to speak to a dermatologist (a skin doctor). If your symptoms don't clear up, they can prescribe a stronger cream or antibiotic.


Question: What are mood stabilizers for bipolar disorder?

Answer: Mood stabilizers are medicines that treat and prevent highs (mania) and lows (depression). They also help to keep your moods from interfering with work, school, or your social life.


Question: Which antipsychotic drugs are used for bipolar disorder today?

Answer: These drugs include: Haloperidol ( Haldol) Loxapine ( Loxitane) or loxapine inhaled ( Adasuve) Risperidone ( Risperdal) Today, doctors may prescribe newer antipsychotic drugs, including: Aripiprazole ( Abilify) Asenapine ( Saphris) Cariprazine ( Vraylar) Lurasidone ( Latuda) Olanzapine ( Zyprexa) Quetiapine fumarate ( Seroquel) Ziprasidone ( Geodon) If you have sleep problems along with bipolar symptoms, you may get a type of drug called a benzodiazepine.


Question: What should you know about mood stabilizers for bipolar disorder?

Answer: Not all of these drugs have the same effects, though. Some (such as lithium) are better at treating mania. Others (such as lamotrigine) may be more useful for depression. Keep in mind that the term "mood stabilizer" can be misleading. If you take one, your mood can still change during the day. These medicines treat full episodes of mania or depression that last for several days or weeks at a time.


Question: What are some tips for taking medications for bipolar disorder?

Answer: If you have bipolar disorder, taking your medication should be part of your routine. Take it at the same time every day. It's easier to remember if you do it along with another daily activity, like brushing your teeth, eating breakfast, or getting into bed. A weekly pillbox can help you see if you've missed a dose. Be sure to talk to your pharmacist or doctor about the best time of day to take your bipolar medications. Some are best if you take them in the morning or at bedtime and others with meals or after meals. Make sure you know what to do if you accidentally miss a dose. Ask your doctor. Don't assume that doubling up is a good idea.


Question: Do side effects of medications for bipolar disorder go away?

Answer: If you still feel bad after that, see your doctor. Don't assume you have to just live with the side effects. Your doctor may be able to change your dose, give you another medicine to control the side effects, or try a different medication altogether.


Question: What are examples of mood stabilizers for bipolar disorder?

Answer: Examples include: Carbamazepine ( Carbatrol, Epitol, Equetro, Tegretol) Divalproex sodium ( Depakote) Lamotrigine ( Lamictal) Lithium Valproic acid ( Depakene) Some of these drugs are known as anticonvulsants, including carbamazepine, lamotrigine, and valproic acid.


Question: What medicines are used for bipolar depression?

Answer: Most of the time, doctors will start bipolar treatment by prescribing a mood-stabilizing drug like lithium. But the FDA has approved some medicines for bipolar depression, too: Fluoxetine combined with olanzapine ( Symbyax) Quetiapine fumarate ( Seroquel) Lurasidone ( Latuda). You might take it alone or with lithium or valproic acid. For some people, traditional antidepressants may trigger a manic episode. Because of this risk, your doctor should keep track of you closely if you take one.


Question: What medications can help treat bipolar disorder and sleeping problems?

Answer: These drugs include: Haloperidol ( Haldol) Loxapine ( Loxitane) or loxapine inhaled ( Adasuve) Risperidone ( Risperdal) Today, doctors may prescribe newer antipsychotic drugs, including: Aripiprazole ( Abilify) Asenapine ( Saphris) Cariprazine ( Vraylar) Lurasidone ( Latuda) Olanzapine ( Zyprexa) Quetiapine fumarate ( Seroquel) Ziprasidone ( Geodon) If you have sleep problems along with bipolar symptoms, you may get a type of drug called a benzodiazepine. Doctors usually prescribe these drugs to treat anxiety and sleep disorders, but they can be part of bipolar treatment, too. Common benzodiazepines include: Alprazolam ( Xanax) Clonazepam ( Klonopin) Diazepam ( Valium) Lorazepam ( Ativan) Newer sleep medications such as eszopiclone ( Lunesta) and zaleplon ( Sonata) may cause fewer problems with memory and thinking than benzodiazepines.


Question: What medications can treat bipolar disorder?

Answer: Doctors use many types of drugs to treat bipolar disorder. Some fight the extreme highs of mania and others treat the depression. You might take one drug at a time or a few at the same time. The best bipolar medicine is the one that works best for you. Work with your doctor to decide on the medication plan that helps you the most. You may keep taking these medications for years or decades, even if it's been a long time since your last manic or depressive episode. This is called maintenance therapy.


Question: What physical changes might you get with Alzheimer's disease?

Answer: Some of the changes you might experience are: Loss of balance or coordination Stiff muscles Feet that shuffle or drag when you walk Trouble standing or sitting up in a chair Weak muscles and fatigue When and how much you sleep Trouble controlling your bladder or bowels Seizures and uncontrollable twitches Over time, most people with Alzheimer's lose the ability to take care of themselves.


Question: What happens to people with early-stage Alzheimer's disease?

Answer: The damage usually starts in the area of your brain that forms memories. People with early-stage Alzheimer's disease often have trouble remembering things. As the disease gets worse, the plaques and clusters also appear in the parts of the brain in charge of bodily behaviors. Everyday activities like walking, eating, going to the bathroom, and talking become harder.


Question: What health problems can Alzheimer's disease cause?

Answer: Infections may develop as your immune system begins to fail. Pneumonia can set in, especially if you inhale food or drinks by accident. Injuries from falls are more likely to happen. Most people with Alzheimer's disease die from pneumonia, another infection, or a heart attack.


Question: What is the life expectancy with Alzheimer's disease?

Answer: The pace can be slow. Some people live up to 20 years after a diagnosis. The average life expectancy, though, is 4 to 8 years.


Question: Can lifestyle changes help with misophonia?

Answer: You can also wear ear plugs and headsets to tune out sounds. Set up quiet areas or safe spots in your home where no one will make the noises that bother you.


Question: What causes misophonia?

Answer: Doctors aren't sure what causes misophonia, but it's not a problem with your ears. They think it's part mental, part physical. It could be related to how sound affects your brain and triggers automatic responses in your body.


Question: Where can I find other people with misophonia?

Answer: The Misophonia Association is based in Oregon and California, and holds a yearly convention for suffers. The International Misophonia Research Network Misophonia- Research.com is a resource for doctors and researchers interested in learning more about misophonia. Misophonia International.com offers free resources, such as handouts for parents, and webinars in association with Duke University for those in the U. S., Canada and U. K. Finally for those in the U. K. who are looking for support and research reports, try www.allergictosound.com You can also find online and social media groups where people share coping strategies.


Question: How do I treat misophonia?

Answer: The condition does affect daily life, but you can learn to manage it. Treatment often involves a multidisciplinary approach combining sound therapy by audiologists and supportive counseling in which coping strategies are emphasized. You might try a device like a hearing aid that creates a sound in your ear similar to a waterfall. The noise distracts you from triggers and reduces reactions. Other treatments include talk therapy.


Question: How does misophonia affect you?

Answer: The disorder appears to range from mild to severe. Individuals report a range of physiologic and emotional responses, with accompanying cognitions. If you have a mild reaction, you might feel: Anxious Uncomfortable The urge to flee Disgust If your response is more severe, the sound in question might cause: Rage Anger Hatred Panic Fear Emotional distress The disorder can put a cramp in your social life.


Question: What are other cancer drugs besides chemotherapy?

Answer: Chemotherapy is a common cancer treatment, but today, doctors often prescribe other kinds of cancer medicines, such as targeted therapies, hormone therapy, and immunotherapy. Unlike chemo, these types of medicine are better at attacking only cancer cells and leaving healthy cells alone. That means they cause milder side effects. Your doctor might recommend that you take them along with chemo drugs or on their own.


Question: How can I get chemotherapy?

Answer: You can take chemo as pills or shots. You might go to a clinic or hospital so you can get the drugs through an IV, what doctors call an infusion.


Question: Which type of chemotherapy is often used for breast and lung cancers?

Answer: Drugs called mitotic inhibitors stop cancer cells from making more copies of themselves. They can also stop your body from making the proteins that cancer cells need to grow. Doctors might prescribe them for breast and lung cancers and types of myeloma, leukemia, and lymphoma. Mitotic inhibitors include docetaxel, estramustine, paclitaxel, and vinblastine.


Question: What type of chemotherapy is most often used to treat leukemia, and cancer in breasts, ovaries, and intestines?

Answer: One type of chemo drug interferes with the normal metabolism of cells, which makes them stop growing. These drugs are called antimetabolites. Doctors often use them to treat leukemia and cancer in the breasts, ovaries, and intestines. Drugs in this group include 5-fluorouracil, 6-mercaptopurine, cytarabine, gemcitabine, and methotrexate, among many others.


Question: How does chemotherapy work?

Answer: Chemotherapy drugs work in a few different ways. They can: Kill both cancerous and healthy cells Fight only cancer cells Keep tumors from growing blood vessels, which help them thrive Attack the cancer cells' genes so the cells die and can't grow into new tumors There are dozens of chemotherapy drugs that doctors can prescribe.


Question: Can steroids be used to treat cancer?

Answer: Steroids are drugs that act like your body's own hormones. They are useful in treating many types of cancer, and they can keep you from having nausea and vomiting after a round of chemo. They can also prevent allergic reactions to some of the drugs. Some of the steroids your doctor might prescribe are prednisone, methylprednisolone, and dexamethasone.


Question: What type of chemotherapy works for many types of cancers?

Answer: Anthracycline chemotherapy attacks the enzymes inside cancer cells' DNA that help them divide and grow. They work for many types of cancer. Some of these drugs are actinomycin- D, bleomycin, daunorubicin, and doxorubicin, among others. High doses of anti-tumor antibiotics can damage your heart or lungs.


Question: Will my doctor prescribe chemotherapy alone or with other treatments?

Answer: Your cancer doctor, called an oncologist, may prescribe one chemo drug or a mix of different ones, depending on: Your type of cancer Whether you've had cancer before If you have other health problems like diabetes or heart, kidney, or liver disease Even after surgery to remove a tumor, your body might still have cancer cells.


Question: Why do I need chemotherapy?

Answer: Your cancer doctor, called an oncologist, may prescribe one chemo drug or a mix of different ones, depending on: Your type of cancer Whether you've had cancer before If you have other health problems like diabetes or heart, kidney, or liver disease Even after surgery to remove a tumor, your body might still have cancer cells. These cells can grow new tumors or spread the cancer to other parts of your body. Chemotherapy drugs help destroy, shrink, or control those cells. It might also treat symptoms the cancer causes, like pain. You might also get chemo to shrink a tumor before your doctor removes it in surgery.


Question: How does anthracycline chemotherapy work?

Answer: Anthracycline chemotherapy attacks the enzymes inside cancer cells' DNA that help them divide and grow. They work for many types of cancer. Some of these drugs are actinomycin- D, bleomycin, daunorubicin, and doxorubicin, among others. High doses of anti-tumor antibiotics can damage your heart or lungs. So your doctor will have you take them for a short time.


Question: How do chemotherapy drugs work?

Answer: Chemotherapy drugs work in a few different ways. They can: Kill both cancerous and healthy cells Fight only cancer cells Keep tumors from growing blood vessels, which help them thrive Attack the cancer cells' genes so the cells die and can't grow into new tumors There are dozens of chemotherapy drugs that doctors can prescribe.


Question: Are there different type of chemotherapy drugs?

Answer: They can: Kill both cancerous and healthy cells Fight only cancer cells Keep tumors from growing blood vessels, which help them thrive Attack the cancer cells' genes so the cells die and can't grow into new tumors There are dozens of chemotherapy drugs that doctors can prescribe. They're often divided into groups based on how they work and what they're made of. Each group of drugs destroys or shrinks cancer cells in a different way.


Question: How do you know if chemotherapy is working?

Answer: Your oncologist will watch your body's response during and after treatment. She'll look for signs that your tumor is shrinking or growing. She'll use tests like physical exams, blood tests, or imaging scans like X-rays. If your treatment doesn't seem to be working, she might give you a different dose or a mix of other treatments.


Question: How can you receive chemotherapy?

Answer: You can take chemo as pills or shots. You might go to a clinic or hospital so you can get the drugs through an IV, what doctors call an infusion.


Question: What drugs exist for cancer other than chemotherapy?

Answer: Chemotherapy is a common cancer treatment, but today, doctors often prescribe other kinds of cancer medicines, such as targeted therapies, hormone therapy, and immunotherapy. Unlike chemo, these types of medicine are better at attacking only cancer cells and leaving healthy cells alone. That means they cause milder side effects. Your doctor might recommend that you take them along with chemo drugs or on their own.


Question: How many types of chemotherapy drugs do you take?

Answer: Your cancer doctor, called an oncologist, may prescribe one chemo drug or a mix of different ones, depending on: Your type of cancer Whether you've had cancer before If you have other health problems like diabetes or heart, kidney, or liver disease Even after surgery to remove a tumor, your body might still have cancer cells.


Question: How can you avoid burns while cooking in the kitchen?

Answer: In the Kitchen Cooking equipment is the leading cause of home fires and burn injuries. Take these steps to keep from getting hurt: Don't cook if you're holding a child. First, put them into a high chair nearby Never walk away from a hot stove Turn all your pot handles inward so they can't be knocked over If you're nursing, don't warm your baby's bottle in a microwave.


Question: What are some ways to prevent household hazards?

Answer: To prevent getting burned in other ways, plug all appliances into the wall, not into extension cords. Replace electrical cords if they look cracked or frayed. Protect your fireplace with a screen. If yours has a glass door, be aware that it takes a long time to cool down after your fire goes out. If you have small children, cover all unused electrical outlets.


Question: How common are burns and what causes them?

Answer: Where is this most likely to happen? Inside your home. Hot stoves, scalding bathwater, and space heaters are just a few household items that can cause severe burns. Here are the steps you can take to keep you and your family safe. In the Kitchen Cooking equipment is the leading cause of home fires and burn injuries.


Question: How can you avoid burns while in the kitchen?

Answer: First, put them into a high chair nearby Never walk away from a hot stove Turn all your pot handles inward so they can't be knocked over If you're nursing, don't warm your baby's bottle in a microwave. Microwaves don't heat evenly and can create hot spots that burn your baby's mouth. Slowly open any container that's been heated in the microwave. The steam inside it can burn you. Store lighters, matches, and flammable liquids in a high cabinet where children can't reach them.


Question: How can you avoid burns from outdoor grills?

Answer: Keep your grill far away from your house. Watch kids carefully and don't allow any horseplay near it. Store gasoline in your garage or a detached shed. Start your lawnmower or snow blower outside. Make sure the motor is cool before you refuel.


Question: Who is at risk for carbon monoxide poisoning?

Answer: If the dangerous gas is getting into your system, you might: Feel short of breath Get dizzy Become nauseous Get a headache Feel confused Carbon monoxide is especially dangerous for infants, pregnant women, and people with ailments such as emphysema (which damages the air sacs in your lungs), asthma or heart disease. Smaller amounts of the fumes can hurt them.


Question: What are symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning?

Answer: If the dangerous gas is getting into your system, you might: Feel short of breath Get dizzy Become nauseous Get a headache Feel confused Carbon monoxide is especially dangerous for infants, pregnant women, and people with ailments such as emphysema (which damages the air sacs in your lungs), asthma or heart disease.


Question: What are danger signals of carbon monoxide poisoning?

Answer: A few danger signals: Soot falling from fireplaces or appliances. Rust or water streaks on vents. Loose or disconnected vent pipes. Moisture inside windows. Cracked or crumbling masonry on a chimney. If you see any of these, have a trained technician check them out and fix whatever needs it.


Question: What are complications of vaginal fistulas?

Answer: A vaginal fistula is an abnormal opening that connects your vagina to another organ. For example, a vaginal fistula can link your vagina to your: Bladder Ureters, the tubes that carry your pee from your kidneys to your bladder Urethra, the tube that carries your pee down from your bladder and outside your body Rectum, the lower part of your large intestine Large intestine Small intestine Vaginal fistulas can be upsetting and embarrassing because they leak and cause bad smells. But they can also cause complications, like: Vaginal or urinary tract infections that keep coming back Hygiene problems Stool or gas that leaks through the vagina Irritated or inflamed skin around your vagina or anus An abscess -- a swollen clump of infected tissue with pus that could be life-threatening if it's not treated Fistulas that come back Women who have Crohn's disease and develop a fistula have a high risk of getting complications, such as fistulas forming again later or fistulas that don't properly heal.


Question: What is choroiditis?

Answer: Choroiditis: A form of uveitis, or inflammation of the uvea, the eye's middle layer. It causes the layer beneath your retina to become inflamed.


Question: What is presbyopia?

Answer: Presbyopia: When your eye can no longer change focus to see objects close up. It isn't a disease, but a part of the eye's natural aging process. It affects everyone at some point in life. It usually shows up around age 40 to 45.


Question: What is macular edema?

Answer: Macular edema : A swelling of the macula that makes it hard to see. It usually results from injury or disease.


Question: What is the retina?

Answer: Retina: The thin layer of nerves that lines the back of your eye. It senses light and signals your optic nerve and brain to create images.


Question: What is the iris?

Answer: Iris: The colored membrane around your pupil. It expands and contracts to control the amount of light that gets into your eye.


Question: What is achromatopsia?

Answer: Achromatopsia: A lack of certain receptors in your retinas. Your vision won't be sharp, and you could be nearly or completely colorblind. It's an inherited condition.


Question: What is a vitrectomy?

Answer: Vitrectomy: In this surgical procedure, the vitreous humor is removed from your eyeball and replaced with a clear salt solution or temporarily with a gas bubble. It can help when scars or blood in your vitreous blocks your vision.


Question: What is the definition of legal blindness?

Answer: Legal blindness: When your vision, in both eyes, can't be corrected to better than 20/200. Or when you have a visual field of 20 degrees or less. ( Your eye doctor may call this tunnel vision.)


Question: What is astigmatism?

Answer: Astigmatism : When your cornea is shaped more like a football than a basketball. It causes blurry vision. You can fix it with glasses, contact lenses, or surgery.


Question: What is the definition of ocular?

Answer: Ocular: Of or related to your eye.


Question: What is the pupil?

Answer: Pupil: The round, dark central opening in your eye. This is where light comes in.


Question: What is photocoagulation?

Answer: Photocoagulation: A type of laser surgery used to stop bleeding or repair damaged tissue. It's most often used to treat retinal conditions like complications from diabetes. It also helps treat eye tumors.


Question: What is the vitreous humor?

Answer: Vitreous humor: The clear gel-like substance in the center of your eyeball.


Question: What is the definition of visual acuity?

Answer: Visual acuity: How well you see as measured on an eye chart.


Question: What is an ophthalmoscope?

Answer: Ophthalmoscope: An instrument that examines your retina. There are two types: Direct: Examines the center of your retina Indirect: Checks your entire retina Optic nerve: It carries light signals from your retina to your brain, which turns them into images.


Question: What is enucleation?

Answer: Enucleation: When your eye is surgically removed.


Question: What is the definition of visual field?

Answer: Visual field: Your entire range of sight, including peripheral vision.


Question: What is legal blindness?

Answer: Legal blindness: When your vision, in both eyes, can't be corrected to better than 20/200. Or when you have a visual field of 20 degrees or less. ( Your eye doctor may call this tunnel vision.)


Question: What is the definition of ophthalmoscope?

Answer: Ophthalmoscope: An instrument that examines your retina. There are two types: Direct: Examines the center of your retina Indirect: Checks your entire retina Optic nerve: It carries light signals from your retina to your brain, which turns them into images.


Question: What is your visual field?

Answer: Visual field: Your entire range of sight, including peripheral vision.


Question: What are beta-blockers?

Answer: Beta-blocker s: Medicated eye drops that treat glaucoma. They cause your eye to makes less aqueous humor, and that lowers pressure inside it.


Question: What is strabismus?

Answer: Strabismus: When your eyes aren't aligned and can't point in the same direction at the same time. Crossed eyes is one type of strabismus.


Question: What is pinkeye?

Answer: Pinkeye: See conjunctivitis.


Question: What is the definition of intraocular?

Answer: Intraocular: Of or related to the inside of your eye.


Question: What is the definition of amblyopia?

Answer: Amblyopia: A condition also known as "lazy eye" that starts in childhood. Because one or the other eye is not used all the time to provide a sharp image, vision doesn't develop the way it should in that eye. If it isn't treated, one eye will always be weaker.


Question: What is hyperopia?

Answer: Hyperopia: When it's hard to see objects up close, but things farther away are clearer. The common name for this is farsightedness.


Question: How can you prevent retinal vein occlusion?

Answer: Usually, an underlying medical condition brings on a retinal vein occlusion. So it's important to keep your blood pressure, cholesterol, and blood sugar under control. If you have diabetes, get your eyes checked every year. If you take birth control pills, talk to your doctor. Rarely, they can lead to retinal vein occlusion.


Question: How is focal laser therapy used for retinal vein occlusion?

Answer: A laser burns and seals off blood vessels near the macula. This keeps them from leaking. The retina does not have pain nerves, so you should not feel much discomfort.


Question: What tests are used to diagnose retinal vein occlusion?

Answer: Your doctor may also order a test called a fluorescein angiography. You'll get a harmless dye injected into your arm. When it travels through your bloodstream and reaches the retina, a special camera takes pictures of your eye. Your doctor will be able see any fluid leaks in your blood vessels. Sometimes, you may also need a test called optical coherence tomography. You may get drops to dilate your pupils and then a machine scans your eyes with rays of light to make a detailed image of your retina.


Question: How are injections used to treat retinal vein occlusion?

Answer: A drug called anti-vascular endothelial growth factor targets substances that cause fluid buildup in a part of your retina called the macula, which provides your central vision and helps you see details like fine print. This helps to ease swelling. Or your doctor may give you steroid injections in your eye instead. Your doctor will apply a pain-numbing drug first and use a very thin needle, so you shouldn't feel much discomfort.


Question: What are the symptoms of retinal vein occlusion?

Answer: Other things also can raise your odds for the condition: Smoking Being overweight Older age Hardened arteries, called atherosclerosis Glaucoma Lymphoma Leukemia Multiple myeloma Trauma to the eye You may not always know that you're going to have retinal vein occlusion. Almost always, it happens in only one eye. Some people -- especially those with blockage in smaller blood vessels -- have no symptoms.


Question: What is the outlook for retinal vein occlusion?

Answer: These treatments may help you get your vision back. Most people's eyesight will get better after a few months.


Question: When do I need laser surgery for retinal vein occlusion?

Answer: Laser surgery: You may need this if you grow new blood vessels in your eye. Your doctor will use a laser to make tiny burns on the retina. It stops the vessels from leaking and growing.


Question: What can happen if I have retinal vein occlusion?

Answer: The damage happens when a blocked vein keeps blood from draining from the retina. That raises pressure inside your eye, which can cause bleeding, swelling, and fluid leaks. Retinal vein occlusions can harm your eye in minutes. Usually, a blood clot blocks the vein. Sometimes, a nearby artery can be a problem. In the retina, arteries and veins cross over each other. When an artery hardens, it can press against a vein and narrow the opening. This causes choppy blood flow, which may lead to clotting. So if you have diabetes, high blood pressure, and other conditions that affect the blood vessels, you're more likely to have retinal vein occlusion.


Question: What are noticeable symptoms of retinal vein occlusion?

Answer: Usually, though, you may notice: Blurry or missing vision in part or all of an eye Dark spots or lines floating in your vision Pain and pressure in the eye If you have any of these symptoms, see a doctor right away.


Question: What other things can also raise your odds for retinal vein occlusion?

Answer: Other things also can raise your odds for the condition: Smoking Being overweight Older age Hardened arteries, called atherosclerosis Glaucoma Lymphoma Leukemia Multiple myeloma Trauma to the eye You may not always know that you're going to have retinal vein occlusion.


Question: Should you bank your baby's umbilical cord blood?

Answer: The American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists and the American Academy of Pediatrics don't recommend routine cord blood storage. The groups say private banks should only be used when there's a sibling with a medical condition who could benefit from the stem cells. Families are encouraged to donate stem cells to a public bank to help others.


Question: What can a baby's umbilical cord blood be used for?

Answer: They can treat cancer, blood diseases like anemia, and some immune system disorders, which disrupt your body's ability to defend itself. The fluid is easy to collect and has 10 times more stem cells than those collected from bone marrow.


Question: When are biopsies recommended?

Answer: A biopsy might be recommended whenever there is an important medical question the biopsy could help answer. Here are just a few examples: A mammogram shows a lump or mass, indicating the possibility of breast cancer. A mole on the skin has changed shape recently and melanoma is possible. A person has chronic hepatitis and it's important to know if cirrhosis is present. In some cases, a biopsy of normal-appearing tissue may be done. This can help check for cancer spread or rejection of a transplanted organ. In most cases, a biopsy is done to diagnose a problem or to help determine the best therapy option.


Question: What is a needle biopsy?

Answer: Most biopsies are needle biopsies, meaning a needle is used to access the suspicious tissue.


Question: Why are biopsies done?

Answer: Biopsies are most often done to look for cancer. But biopsies can help identify many other conditions.


Question: What is a kidney biopsy?

Answer: Similar to a liver biopsy, a needle is injected through the skin on the back, into the kidney.


Question: What is a skin biopsy?

Answer: A punch biopsy is the main biopsy method. It uses a circular blade to get a cylindrical sample of skin tissue.


Question: What is a aspiration biopsy?

Answer: Aspiration biopsy. A needle withdraws material out of a mass. This simple procedure is also called fine-needle aspiration.


Question: What is a ultrasound-guided biopsy?

Answer: An ultrasound scanner helps a doctor direct the needle into the lesion.


Question: What is a CT-guided biopsy?

Answer: A person rests in a CT-scanner; the scanner's images help doctors determine the exact position of the needle in the targeted tissue.


Question: How long does it take to get results from a biopsy?

Answer: The time it takes to get results from a biopsy can vary. During a surgery, a pathologist may read a biopsy and report back to a surgeon in a few minutes. Final, highly accurate conclusions on biopsies often take a week or longer. You will probably follow up with your regular doctor to discuss the biopsy results.


Question: What is a liver biopsy?

Answer: A needle is injected into the liver through the skin on the belly, capturing liver tissue.


Question: What is a surgical biopsy?

Answer: Either a piece of tissue or the whole lump of tissue may be removed.


Question: How can large meals or eating while you do something stressful lead to irritable bowel syndrome?

Answer: Again, these activities don't cause irritable bowel syndrome, but for those with a very sensitive colon, they can spell trouble.


Question: Do other digestive problems affect on individual's susceptibility to irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)?

Answer: Some scientists think these illnesses may trigger a person's first IBS symptoms. Talk to your doctor if you think you might have irritable bowel syndrome. She can discuss your symptoms with you and do some tests to find out what's going on.


Question: Do medications affect on individual's susceptibility to irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)?

Answer: Studies have shown a link between IBS symptoms and antibiotics, antidepressants, and drugs made with sorbitol.


Question: Do food sensitives affect an individual's susceptibility to irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)?

Answer: Some people may have digestive systems that rumble angrily when they eat dairy, wheat, a sugar in fruits called fructose, or the sugar substitute sorbitol. Fatty foods, carbonated drinks, and alcohol can also upset digestion. There's no proof any of these foods cause IBS, but they may trigger symptoms.


Question: How can medications lead to irritable bowel syndrome?

Answer: Studies have shown a link between IBS symptoms and antibiotics, antidepressants, and drugs made with sorbitol.


Question: How does age play a role in irritable bowel syndrome?

Answer: IBS can affect people of all ages, but it's more likely for people in their teens through their 40s.


Question: Are women at a higher risk for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)?

Answer: About twice as many women as men have the condition. It's not clear why, but some researchers think the changing hormones in the menstrual cycle may have something to do with it.


Question: How can emotional trouble lead to irritable bowel syndrome?

Answer: Some people with IBS seem to have trouble with stress, have a mental disorder, or have been through a traumatic event in their lives, such as sexual abuse or domestic violence. It's not clear what comes first -- the stress or the IBS. But there's evidence that stress management and behavioral therapy can help relieve symptoms in some people with the condition.