Question: Who is most likely to receive prescription medication for the flu?

Answer: Your doctor may be more likely to prescribe one if your illness is severe or to people who are: Children under 5 Adults age 65 or older People with asthma, diabetes, or other chronic medical conditions Pregnant women or those who delivered within 2 weeks Nursing home residents American Indians/ Alaska Natives People who are extremely obese People with weakened immune systems Oscillococcinum is popular in Europe and has gained fans in the U. S. Studies have shown it may shorten your case of the flu and ease your symptoms, but there's no proof that it prevents the flu.


Question: What should I do if I think I am getting the flu?

Answer: The first step in treating this illness is to take good care of yourself. If you have symptoms -- fever, chills, aches, and feeling bad all over -- doctors say you should rest, eat healthy food, and drink more fluids than you usually do. A fever can dry out your system, so you need to replace what you're losing. Water and broth are fine, especially if you don't really want to eat. It's best to give your body a rest. So if you don't feel much like moving around, it's fine to stay in bed. Get up when you feel you can. Don't exercise if you have chest congestion, a hacking cough, body aches, or fever.


Question: What should I give my child for body aches due to the flu?

Answer: Call the doctor if your child: Is under 3 months old with a fever of 100.4 degrees F or higher Is between 3 months and 36 months old with a fever of 102.2 degrees or higher Has a fever higher than 104 degrees Is very ill, drowsy, or fussy, not acting normally, has a fever that lasts more than 24 hours (in a child under age 2) or 3 days (in an older child), or has a fever that keeps getting higher Has other medical conditions, other symptoms, or has a seizure Vomiting or belly pain Earache or other symptoms not typical of the flu For body aches, doctors suggest you give your child over-the-counter ( OTC) acetaminophen, ibuprofen, or naproxen sodium. Don't give aspirin to anyone under 19 years old. It's linked with Reye's syndrome, a sometimes fatal illness that affects children and teens. To avoid stomach upset, take ibuprofen with food.


Question: What should you know about yeast infections?

Answer: Or you may experience swelling so extreme, it leads to sores. Whether your symptoms are mild or severe, a yeast infection can be uncomfortable. Also known as vaginal candidiasis, yeast infections are caused by a fungus. It generally causes your vagina and vulva (the tissues at the opening of the vagina) to itch. There can also be discharge. Yeast infections are common. Three of every four women get one in their lifetime. And many women get it more than once. Knowing how to spot the signs and symptoms of a yeast infection can help you get the most effective treatment.


Question: How can you develop complicated yeast infections?

Answer: The discharge could be: Watery or Thick, white, and odorless, resembling cottage cheese Sometimes the symptoms of your yeast infection can be more serious and require extra care. You might need a longer course of treatment or a plan to keep the infection from coming back. You can develop a more complicated infection if: You're pregnant You have uncontrolled diabetes Your immune system is weakened by medications you're taking or a health condition like HIV Your infection might also be more complicated if it's caused by a type of fungus that's not the kind that usually causes yeast infections.


Question: What are the symptoms of yeast infections in men?

Answer: The symptoms include: Itching, burning, or redness on the penis A thick, white substance in the skin folds of the penis, and moistness Shiny, white areas on the penis


Question: What are common symptoms of a yeast infection?

Answer: If you have a vaginal yeast infection, you'll most likely experience extreme itching in and around your vagina; this is the most common symptom. Aside from itching, you might also have: Intense burning, especially when you urinate or during sex Swelling and redness around your vulva Pain and soreness in your vagina You might also have vaginal discharge. The discharge could be: Watery or Thick, white, and odorless, resembling cottage cheese Sometimes the symptoms of your yeast infection can be more serious and require extra care.


Question: When should you call a doctor about signs of a complicated yeast infection?

Answer: Signs of a complicated infection include: Severe symptoms (such as redness, swelling, and itching so severe that it causes tears or sores) A yeast infection that occurs four or more times in a year If your symptoms are severe or they don't get better after treatment with an over-the-counter cream or suppository, call your doctor. Here are some other reasons to make an appointment: You've developed other kinds of symptoms. This is your first yeast infection. You're not sure whether you have a yeast infection or something else.


Question: What are the types of mitral valve regurgitation?

Answer: There are two kinds: chronic (which means ongoing) or acute (which means sudden onset). A chronic case develops slowly, and you may not even notice symptoms at first. Signs of the condition slowly get worse over time. An acute case comes on quickly and can be life-threatening. Your doctor will want to take fast action.


Question: What are the complications of mitral valve regurgitation?

Answer: You may feel tired and out of breath if you have mitral regurgitation. You might have fluid collecting in your legs and feet. This is called edema. It can also cause high blood pressure and a buildup of fluid in your lungs. If it's left untreated and gets worse, regurgitation could lead to heart failure, stroke, or blood clots because the heart can't pump enough blood to your body.


Question: What kinds of medications treat mitral valve regurgitation?

Answer: But it can treat many of the symptoms regurgitation causes and can be used if the leakage isn't too bad. Depending on what's going on in your body, your doctor may put you or a loved one on the following: Diuretics that help reduce the buildup of fluids in the body and swelling in the legs and feet Blood thinners to prevent with clots Beta blockers that help control your heart rate Hypertension drugs to keep your blood pressure stable Sometimes, lifestyle changes and medications aren't enough.


Question: Do spermicides help prevent HIV and other STDs?

Answer: This can make it easier for you to get HIV and other STDs. If your penis or vagina gets irritated, stop using the spermicide and see your doctor. Other than not having sex, condoms are the best way to prevent STDs.


Question: What are spermicides?

Answer: Spermicide is a chemical that prevents pregnancy by killing sperm so they can't fertilize an egg. The only spermicide available in the U. S. is nonoxynol-9 ( N-9).


Question: How effective are spermicides?

Answer: Spermicide used alone is about 70% to 80% effective, but when used together and properly, spermicide and condoms are about 97% effective in preventing pregnancy.


Question: Why should people with weakened immune systems get a pneumonia vaccine?

Answer: Many diseases can cause your immune system to weaken, so it's less able to fight off bugs like pneumonia. If you have heart disease, diabetes, emphysema, asthma, or COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), you're more likely to have a weakened immune system, which makes you more likely to get pneumonia. The same goes for people who receive chemotherapy, people who have had organ transplants, and people with HIV or AIDS.


Question: Why should people over the age of 65 get a pneumonia vaccine?

Answer: As you age, your immune system doesn't work as well as it once did. You're more likely to have trouble fighting off a pneumonia infection. All adults over age 65 should get the vaccine.


Question: Why should people getting over surgery get a pneumonia vaccine?

Answer: People getting over surgery or a severe illness. If you were in the hospital ICU (intensive care unit) and needed help breathing with a ventilator, you're at risk of getting pneumonia. The same is true if you've just had major surgery or if you're healing from a serious injury. When your immune system is weak because of illness or injury or because it's helping you get better from surgery, you can't fight off germs as well as you normally can.


Question: Do I need a pneumonia vaccine?

Answer: And if you've had the shot and you do get pneumonia anyway, you will probably have a much milder case. Older adults and some people with health problems are more likely to get pneumonia, a lung infection that makes it harder to breathe. It's more common among people whose immune systems are weak.


Question: Why should smokers get a pneumonia vaccine?

Answer: If you've smoked for a long time, you could have damage to the small hairs that line the insides of your lungs and help filter out germs. When they're damaged, they aren't as good at stopping those bad germs.


Question: How does a pneumonia vaccine work?

Answer: PPSV23 protects against an additional 23 types of pneumonia bacteria. Neither can prevent every type of pneumonia, but they work against more than 30 common, severe types. People who need a pneumonia vaccine should get both shots: first, the PCV13 shot and then the PPSV23 shot a year or more later. For most people, one of each shot should be enough to protect them for their entire lives. Sometimes, you may need a booster shot. Ask your doctor whether you should get one. You cannot get pneumonia from the vaccine. The shots only contain an extract of the pneumonia bacteria, not the actual bacteria that cause the illness.


Question: What are the symptoms that can occur with chronic pain?

Answer: The pain can feel like: A dull ache Throbbing Burning Shooting Squeezing Stinging Soreness Stiffness Sometimes pain is just one of many symptoms, which can also include: Feeling very tired or wiped out Not feeling hungry Trouble sleeping Mood changes Weakness A lack of energy Chronic pain can interfere with your daily life, keeping you from doing things you want and need to do.


Question: What makes you feel chronic pain?

Answer: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } The feeling of pain comes from a series of messages that zip through your nervous system. When you hurt yourself, the injury turns on pain sensors in that area. They send a message in the form of an electrical signal, which travels from nerve to nerve until it reaches your brain. Your brain processes the signal and sends out the message that you hurt. Usually the signal stops when the cause of the pain is resolved -- your body repairs the wound on your finger or your torn muscle. But with chronic pain, the nerve signals keep firing even after you've healed.


Question: What are the symptoms of chronic pain?

Answer: Some of the leading causes include: Past injuries or surgeries Back problems Migraines and other headaches Arthritis Nerve damage Infections Fibromyalgia, a condition in which people feel muscle pain throughout their bodies Chronic pain can range from mild to severe. It can continue day after day or come and go. The pain can feel like: A dull ache Throbbing Burning Shooting Squeezing Stinging Soreness Stiffness Sometimes pain is just one of many symptoms, which can also include: Feeling very tired or wiped out Not feeling hungry Trouble sleeping Mood changes Weakness A lack of energy Chronic pain can interfere with your daily life, keeping you from doing things you want and need to do.


Question: Which conditions cause chronic pain?

Answer: Sometimes chronic pain can begin without any obvious cause. But for many people, it starts after an injury or because of a health condition. Some of the leading causes include: Past injuries or surgeries Back problems Migraines and other headaches Arthritis Nerve damage Infections Fibromyalgia, a condition in which people feel muscle pain throughout their bodies Chronic pain can range from mild to severe.


Question: What is precocious puberty?

Answer: When a child has precocious puberty, she or he starts developing sexual characteristics early, before ages 7 or 8 for girls and age 9 for boys.


Question: What are the signs of precocious puberty?

Answer: The signs include breast development, penis and/or testicle growth, rapid jumps in height, pubic or underarm hair, and acne.


Question: How is precocious puberty treated?

Answer: Many parents of children with precocious puberty choose to put their child on a treatment that lowers the level of sex hormones and slows puberty to a crawl. Delaying puberty can give the child's bones a chance to grow at their own pace for a longer period of time. It also gives the child's mind, emotions, and social skills a chance to come up to speed.


Question: What happens to your bones if you have precocious puberty?

Answer: Bones matures during puberty, and when puberty starts early, the growth spurt begins and ends sooner than normal. At first, children with precocious puberty tower over their friends who haven't started to grow. But within a few years, they may stand among the shortest in their class. Diagnosing the condition early can help the child's growth return to the appropriate pre-precocious rate.


Question: How does early puberty occur in girls?

Answer: If a girl shows any sign of beginning puberty -- the onset of breasts -- before turning age 7, she may have precocious puberty.


Question: How can I support my joints during a flare-up of rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: Use your strongest muscles and larger joints when possible. For example, lean into a door to open it and hook your grocery bag over your forearm instead of holding it in your fingers. Braces, wraps, or splints can support weak, sore joints. Wear flat, supportive shoes.


Question: How can I relieve stress or anxiety during a flare-up of rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: Stress and anxiety can make your symptoms worse. Deep breathing exercises, guided imagery, yoga, tai chi, hypnosis, visualization, or muscle relaxation can help control your pain. You can also relieve stress by talking with a friend, taking part in a support group, writing in a journal, or engaging in a relaxing hobby. A massage or acupuncture can help ease pain and stress.


Question: What should I stay away from during a flare-up of rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: Stress and anxiety can make your symptoms worse.


Question: Should I use heat packs if I have a flare of rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: Try heating pads, warm baths, or hot compresses.


Question: What foods should I eat during a flare-up of rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: Cold-water fish (like salmon) are rich in omega-3 fatty acids, which have been shown to fight inflammation. It may help if you eat small amounts several times a day rather than big meals.


Question: Can I lose my appetite during a flare-up of rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: During a flare, you may lose your appetite. And you may not have the energy to prepare meals. But it's important to eat a balanced, nutritious diet even -- and especially -- when you feel poorly. Your body needs fuel to heal.


Question: How can I balance activity and rest during a flare-up of rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: At the height of your flare, you may need complete bed rest. Your body may not give you any choice. But try not to stay in bed for more than a day or two. Spending too much time lying on the bed or sofa will make you stiff and increase your pain. Once you start to feel a bit better, get up, stretch, go for a walk, and continue with as many of your usual activities as possible. You may need to cut back on your work, exercise, and social activities, but don't abandon them. Take breaks when you get tired.


Question: How can cleaning your face gently help with treating eczema?

Answer: Clean gently. Soap can irritate your skin, but washing with water alone may not be enough, especially if your face is oily. Use a gentle non-soap cleanser instead.


Question: How do steroid creams help treat eczema?

Answer: These are a key part of eczema treatment. Over-the-counter hydrocortisone cream can help with red, itchy skin. Put it on once or twice a day for several weeks. If that doesn't work well enough, you may need a stronger prescription steroid. Use it only for a short time, though, because it can thin your skin.


Question: Do humidity and temperature affect eczema?

Answer: Use only cool -- not hot -- water on your face, and for as little time as possible. Stay away from places that are too hot or activities that make you sweat. They can make you itchy. Air that's either too dry or too humid also can irritate your eczema.


Question: Does phototherapy (ultraviolet light therapy) help treat eczema?

Answer: This may help if your eczema is moderate to severe and cream medications haven't worked. Keep in mind that using this type of treatment for a long time can raise your odds for skin cancer.


Question: Does the sun help with eczema?

Answer: Some people's eczema gets worse in sunlight, while it's the opposite for others.


Question: When might I need an anti-yeast medication for eczema treatment?

Answer: Check for fungus. Your doctor may prescribe anti-yeast ointments or creams if your eczema is caused by a fungal infection. High levels of one kind of yeast normally found on skin can show up on people with atopic eczema on their heads or necks.


Question: What kinds of moisturizers help if you have eczema on your face?

Answer: The best way to keep your skin from drying out is with thick creams ( Cetaphil, Eucerin) and ointments ( Aquaphor, Vaseline), not with thinner lotions. The best time to do this is right after you wash your face. If ointments are too greasy for your face, try using them only at night.


Question: How can calcineurin inhibitors help with treating eczema on the face?

Answer: Your doctor may prescribe these instead of a steroid cream. These creams and ointments block chemicals that can make your eczema flare. They're used particularly to treat eczema on your face, including your eyelids, neck, and skin folds.


Question: Are nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs used to treat rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: NSAIDs As part of rheumatoid arthritis treatment, your doctor will probably prescribe a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug ( NSAID). These medications reduce pain and inflammation but do not slow down RA. So if you have moderate to severe RA, you'll probably also need to take other drugs to prevent further joint damage.


Question: Are nutritional supplements used to treat rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: Nutritional supplements: Keep in mind that even natural supplements can interact with medicines. So tell your doctor of all medicines and supplements you take. She can make sure they're OK for you. Research shows that omega-3 fatty acids in fish oil have an anti-inflammatory effect in the body. Several studies have shown that fish oil supplements may help reduce morning stiffness with RA. Some studies show that borage seed oil along with anti-inflammatory painkillers can reduce RA symptoms. These studies show that in people with RA, joints were less tender and swollen after 6 weeks.


Question: Is physical and occupational therapy used to treat rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: Physical and occupational therapy make a big difference to your daily life. They are a key part of any rheumatoid arthritis treatment plan. Physical therapists can give you an exercise plan, teach you how to use heat and ice, do therapeutic massage, and encourage and motivate you. Occupational therapists help you handle daily tasks -- like cooking or using your computer -- and show you easier ways to do those things. They can also check on whether any gadgets would help you.


Question: What is the typical treatment for rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: Treatment usually includes medications, occupational or physical therapy, and regular exercise. Some people need surgery to correct joint damage. Early, aggressive treatment is key to good results. And with today's treatments, joint damage can be slowed or stopped in many cases.


Question: How can applying heat and cold help with rheumatoid arthritis (RA)?

Answer: Heat and cold: Ice packs can reduce joint swelling and inflammation. Heat compresses relax muscles and stimulate blood flow.


Question: When are biologics used to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA)?

Answer: When methotrexate or other DMARDS don't ease RA symptoms and inflammation, doctors may recommend a biologic. These are genetically engineered proteins. They block specific parts of the immune system that play a key role in inflammation of rheumatoid arthritis. They may slow or stop RA.


Question: How can cognitive therapy help treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA)?

Answer: Because one of the most trying aspects of rheumatoid arthritis is learning to live with pain, many doctors recommend pain management training. They may call it âcognitive therapy.â The goal is to improve your emotional and psychological well-being as you develop ways to relax, handle stress, and pace yourself. For instance, it may include activity scheduling, guided imagery, relaxation, distraction, and creative problem-solving.


Question: What are potential side effects of long-term steroid use to treat rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: Potential side effects of long-term steroid use include high blood pressure, osteoporosis, and diabetes. But when used appropriately, steroids quickly improve pain and inflammation.


Question: What are some risks associated with using biologics to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA)?

Answer: Biologics include: Abatacept ( Orencia) Adalimumab ( Humira) Adalimumab-atto ( Amjevita), a biosimilar to Humira Anakinra ( Kineret) Baricitinib ( Olumiant) Certolizumab ( Cimzia) Etanercept ( Enbrel) Etanercept-szzs ( Ereizi), a biosimilar to Enbrel Golimumab ( Simponi, Simponi Aria) Infliximab ( Remicade) Infliximab-dyyb ( Inflectra), a biosimilar to Remicade Rituximab ( Rituxan) Sarilumab ( Kevzara) Tocilizumab ( Actemra) Tofacitinib ( Xeljanz) Since biologics suppress the immune system, they raise the risk of infection. Severe infections have been reported with biologics.


Question: How are steroids used to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA)?

Answer: For severe RA or when RA symptoms flare, your doctor may recommend steroids to ease the pain and stiffness of affected joints. In most cases, they can be used temporarily to calm a symptom flare. But some people need to take steroids for a longer time to control pain and inflammation. You can get steroids as a shot directly into an inflamed joint or take them as a pill. These are not the type of steroids that bulk up your muscles. Potential side effects of long-term steroid use include high blood pressure, osteoporosis, and diabetes. But when used appropriately, steroids quickly improve pain and inflammation.


Question: How can exercise help with rheumatoid arthritis (RA)?

Answer: When your joints are stiff and painful, exercise might be the last thing on your mind. Yet with RA, exercising regularly is one of the best things you can do. People who work out live longer, with or without rheumatoid arthritis. Regular exercise can cut down on RA pain. Your bones will be stronger. Thinning of the bones can be a problem with rheumatoid arthritis, especially if you need to take steroids. Stronger muscles help you move better. Your mood and energy level will benefit.


Question: Is exercise useful in treating rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: When your joints are stiff and painful, exercise might be the last thing on your mind. Yet with RA, exercising regularly is one of the best things you can do. People who work out live longer, with or without rheumatoid arthritis. Regular exercise can cut down on RA pain. Your bones will be stronger. Thinning of the bones can be a problem with rheumatoid arthritis, especially if you need to take steroids. Stronger muscles help you move better. Your mood and energy level will benefit.


Question: What are the main treatment goals of rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: The main treatment goals with rheumatoid arthritis are to control inflammation, relieve pain, and reduce disability associated with RA..


Question: Is acupuncture used to treat rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: Acupuncture: Studies show that acupuncture curbs pain, may lower the need for painkillers, and is good for flexibility in affected joints.


Question: How can smoking affect your treatment for rheumatoid arthritis (RA)?

Answer: If you smoke, make it a priority to quit. If you keep smoking, it may make your RA treatment less effective.


Question: How are disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) used to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA)?

Answer: â DMARDsâ stands for disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs. They help slow or stop RA from getting worse. Doctors usually first prescribe methotrexate to treat rheumatoid arthritis. If that alone doesn't calm the inflammation, doctors may try or add a different type of DMARD. Other DMARDs include hydroxychloroquine ( Plaquenil), leflunomide ( Arava) and sulfasalazine ( Azulfidine). In rheumatoid arthritis, an overactive immune system targets joints and other areas of the body. DMARDs curb the immune system, but they aren't selective in their targets. They can lead to infection and a wide variety of other side effects. DMARDs, particularly methotrexate, have made dramatic improvements in severe rheumatoid arthritis and can help save your joints.


Question: Are there side effects from nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs?

Answer: There are many prescription NSAIDs that your doctor will consider. All of them carry a warning about the increased risk of heart attack and stroke. NSAIDs can also raise blood pressure and can cause stomach irritation, ulcers, and bleeding. You and your doctor can weigh the benefits of NSAIDs against the potential risks. You may have to try a few different ones to find the one that's right for you.


Question: Is surgery necessary to treat rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: If joint pain and inflammation become unbearable or joints are severely damaged, some people need joint replacement surgery. The hips and knees, and sometimes the shoulders, are the most common joints that get replaced. Surgery can dramatically improve pain and mobility. Most people wait until after age 50, because artificial joints tend to wear down after 15 to 20 years. Some joints, such as the ankles, don't respond well to artificial replacement and do better with joint fusion, which is a different operation.


Question: Is cognitive therapy used to treat rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: Because one of the most trying aspects of rheumatoid arthritis is learning to live with pain, many doctors recommend pain management training. They may call it âcognitive therapy.â The goal is to improve your emotional and psychological well-being as you develop ways to relax, handle stress, and pace yourself. For instance, it may include activity scheduling, guided imagery, relaxation, distraction, and creative problem-solving.


Question: What over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are used to treat rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: Over-the-counter NSAIDs include ibuprofen and naproxen. Most people with RA need a prescription NSAID as they offer a higher dose with longer-lasting results and require fewer doses throughout the day.


Question: How can eating more fruits and veggies help manage knee osteoarthritis (OA)?

Answer: Eat More Fruits and Veggies Feel free to eat plenty of these. Many are loaded with antioxidants -- substances that can help protect your cells from damage. Some antioxidants, found in fruits and veggies like apples, onions, shallots, and strawberries, may also help reduce joint inflammation and pain.


Question: How does vitamin C help manage knee osteoarthritis (OA)?

Answer: Get Enough Vitamin C A key element for joint health, vitamin C helps build collagen and connective tissue. A lot of tasty foods can give you this nutrient. Try citrus fruits, red peppers, strawberries, broccoli, cabbage, and kale. Aim for the recommended amount of 75 milligrams a day for women or 90 milligrams a day for men.


Question: How can healthy eating help manage knee osteoarthritis (OA)?

Answer: There's no specific diet that treats your problem, but you can get some big health benefits if you eat smart. You'll keep your weight under control, build strong cartilage, and cut some inflammation.


Question: How do Omega-3 fatty acids help manage knee osteoarthritis (OA)?

Answer: Add Omega-3 Fatty Acids Omega-3s may help relieve your joint pain and decrease morning stiffness. They work by reducing inflammation in your body. One easy way to add them to your diet is to eat two 3-ounce servings of fatty fish each week. Some of the best sources of omega-3s are trout, salmon, mackerel, herring, tuna, and sardines.


Question: How does olive oil help manage knee osteoarthritis (OA)?

Answer: Use Olive Oil in Place of Other Fats One study shows that a compound in olive oil, called oleocanthal, helps prevent inflammation. It works in much the same way that NSAIDs do. Olive oils with the strongest flavor have the highest amount. About 3 1/2 tablespoons of olive oil offers the same relief as 200 milligrams of ibuprofen. But that much oil also gives you about 400 calories. To add olive oil to your diet without extra calories, use it in place of other fats, such as butter.


Question: What are the symptoms of gastritis?

Answer: However, the most common symptoms include: Nausea or recurrent upset stomach Abdominal bloating Abdominal pain Vomiting Indigestion Burning or gnawing feeling in the stomach between meals or at night Hiccups Loss of appetite Vomiting blood or coffee ground-like material Black, tarry stools To diagnose gastritis, your doctor will review your personal and family medical history, perform a thorough physical evaluation, and may recommend any of the following tests: Upper endoscopy.


Question: What does the treatment for gastritis involve?

Answer: Treatment for gastritis usually involves: Taking antacids and other drugs (such as proton pump inhibitors or H-2 blockers) to reduce stomach acid Avoiding hot and spicy foods For gastritis caused by H. pylori infection, your doctor will prescribe a regimen of several antibiotics plus an acid blocking drug (used for heartburn) If the gastritis is caused by pernicious anemia, B12 vitamin shots will be given. Eliminating irritating foods from your diet such as lactose from dairy or gluten from wheat Once the underlying problem disappears, the gastritis usually does, too. You should talk to your doctor before stopping any medicine or starting any gastritis treatment on your own.


Question: How does an upper endoscopy help diagnose gastritis?

Answer: However, the most common symptoms include: Nausea or recurrent upset stomach Abdominal bloating Abdominal pain Vomiting Indigestion Burning or gnawing feeling in the stomach between meals or at night Hiccups Loss of appetite Vomiting blood or coffee ground-like material Black, tarry stools To diagnose gastritis, your doctor will review your personal and family medical history, perform a thorough physical evaluation, and may recommend any of the following tests: Upper endoscopy. An endoscope, a thin tube containing a tiny camera, is inserted through your mouth and down into your stomach to look at the stomach lining. The doctor will check for inflammation and may perform a biopsy, a procedure in which a tiny sample of tissue is removed and then sent to a laboratory for analysis.


Question: How is a fecal occult blood test (stool test) used to diagnose gastritis?

Answer: This test checks for the presence of blood in your stool, a possible sign of gastritis.


Question: What is gastritis?

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Question: When is it time to call the doctor if I have a gout attack?

Answer: You have a higher risk of gout if you: Are overweight Eat foods high in purines (anchovies, asparagus, dried beans, liver, sardines, gravy, beer, and animal organs) Drink too much alcohol Take certain medicines A gout attack will usually go away in about 3 to 10 days. But you can feel better sooner if you treat it. To be sure that you have gout, see your doctor. He'll examine you, and he might do some tests.


Question: How common is gout?

Answer: In the U. S., about 1 person in 50 gets gout. It's more common in men than in women and children. And it tends to run in families. You have a higher risk of gout if you: Are overweight Eat foods high in purines (anchovies, asparagus, dried beans, liver, sardines, gravy, beer, and animal organs) Drink too much alcohol Take certain medicines A gout attack will usually go away in about 3 to 10 days.


Question: What are ways to fight gout?

Answer: The good news is that gout can be controlled with medicine. To manage the pain, apply ice, raise the affected area, rest, and take a pain reliever such as ibuprofen. These steps can help prevent another gout attack: Exercise and eat a balanced diet to control your weight. Drinking lots of water may help prevent uric acid stones. Stay away from sugary drinks. Avoid alcohol. Eat less meat and seafood. Get protein from things like low-fat dairy products (yogurt, cheese, milk). Take medicines to lower uric acid levels. People with gout usually do quite well once they learn to manage an attack and prevent future attacks. The first step is see your doctor to make sure that gout is the real cause of those red, painful, swollen joints.


Question: What tests will help determine if I have gout?

Answer: These test help your doctor know if you have gout, or something else with similar symptoms: Joint fluid test. Fluid is taken from the painful joint with a needle. The fluid is studied under a microscope to see if the crystals are there. Blood test. A blood test can check the level of uric acid. A high level of uric acid doesn't always mean gout. X-ray. Images of the joints will help rule out other problems. Ultrasound. This painless test uses sound waves to look areas of uric acid.


Question: How is prediabetes diagnosed?

Answer: Eat red and processed meat, or drink sugary beverages but skimp on fruit, veggies, nuts, whole grains, and olive oil Have a sleep problem, like sleep apnea, or you work changing shifts or night shifts Get tested for prediabetes if you meet the criteria above and you: Had an abnormal blood sugar reading in the past Have heart disease Show signs of insulin resistance, which means your body produces insulin but doesn't respond to it the way it should Your doctor can do one of three different blood tests -- the fasting plasma glucose test, the oral glucose tolerance test, or the hemoglobin A1c test.


Question: Who is most at risk for prediabetes?

Answer: You're most likely to get this disease if you: Had gestational diabetes or gave birth to a baby weighing more than 9 pounds Have polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS) Are African- American, Native American, Latino, or Pacific Islander Are overweight or obese, especially around the middle (belly fat) Have high cholesterol, high triglycerides, low HDL cholesterol, and high LDL cholesterol Don't exercise Are older; people over age 45 are most likely to get it.


Question: What are the symptoms of prediabetes?

Answer: Although most people with prediabetes have no symptoms, you might notice: You're extra thirsty.


Question: Who should get tested for prediabetes?

Answer: Eat red and processed meat, or drink sugary beverages but skimp on fruit, veggies, nuts, whole grains, and olive oil Have a sleep problem, like sleep apnea, or you work changing shifts or night shifts Get tested for prediabetes if you meet the criteria above and you: Had an abnormal blood sugar reading in the past Have heart disease Show signs of insulin resistance, which means your body produces insulin but doesn't respond to it the way it should Your doctor can do one of three different blood tests -- the fasting plasma glucose test, the oral glucose tolerance test, or the hemoglobin A1c test.


Question: Will I need surgery for heartburn?

Answer: You won't need it if you have ordinary heartburn. It's rare, but you may need an operation if: Other treatments haven't helped. The muscle that controls the valve at the top of your stomach doesn't work properly. You have cancer in your esophagus. Keep in mind that trouble swallowing, and not heartburn or GERD, is the most common symptom of this type of cancer.


Question: How does osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) work?

Answer: One of the keys to osteopathic medicine is the idea that tightness and restriction in your nerves and muscles can be caused by or lead to other problems. So DOs are trained to use their hands to gently move your joints and tissues to correct any restrictions in your range of motion. OMT is the way that they do that.


Question: What is osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT)?

Answer: If your doctor of osteopathic medicine ( DO) recommends âosteopathic manipulative treatment, or â OMT,â and youï¿½ï¿½ve never had it before, you'll want to know what it is and what it will feel like. All DOs learn this hands-on technique in medical school. Many use it in the practice along with -- or, in some cases, instead of -- other treatments, such as medication and surgery.


Question: What are different techniques used in osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT)?

Answer: The practice includes 40 different techniques, including: Soft tissue: You'll feel stretching and pressure on your muscles. Muscle energy: In this technique, you move your muscles in a specific direction while the DO counters that movement. Think push-pull. Myofascial release: Your DO uses firm but gentle pressure to release tension in the fascia, which is the layer of connective tissue that surrounds your bones, muscles, and organs. Osteopathic cranial manipulative medicine: Your DO applies soft pressure to your skull to stimulate healing.


Question: How does surgery help with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?

Answer: If you have severe COPD with significant lung damage, you may need surgery, especially if you have severe symptoms, can't control your COPD with medications, or have trouble breathing most of the time. Surgery may involve: Bullectomy to remove enlarged air spaces that interfere with breathing. They sometimes form when walls of air sacs break. Lung volume reduction surgery ( LVRS) to remove sections of damaged lung tissue. Lung transplant to replace a diseased lung with a healthy donor lung. This is only done in very severe cases of COPD.


Question: How do antibiotics treat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?

Answer: Antibiotics.


Question: How does Daliresp treat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?

Answer: This is a pill that's part of a new class of COPD treatment -- it's an inhibitor of an enzyme called phosphodiesterase type 4 ( PDE-4). Daliresp prevents COPD flares in people whose condition is associated with chronic bronchitis. The drug is not intended for other types of COPD.


Question: How do corticosteroids treat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?

Answer: These medications may help reduce airway inflammation. Inhaled corticosteroids are mainly used in those whose symptoms are not well controlled with bronchodilators only. That's because they work less well for COPD than they do for other lung problems such as asthma.


Question: When is palliative care recommended for newborns?

Answer: For this reason, palliative care may be recommended before, during, and after delivery. Palliative care is recommended for newborns who: Are born at extremely low birth weight (i.e.


Question: What does neonatal palliative care look like during delivery?

Answer: When a newborn is not expected to live long after birth - be it hours, days, or weeks - the birth plan may include limiting the number of people in the delivery room. For a normal birth, there may be several health care professionals in the room. For a newborn with a short life expectancy, depending on what life-prolonging measures will be taken, the delivery may be attended only by the doctor. This helps to make the delivery as simple and intimate as possible and maximizes the time parents can spend alone with their child.


Question: What should you know about palliative care if your baby is diagnosed with a life-threatening illness?

Answer: Before birth, health care providers will assist parents in putting all plans in place for the baby's birth, life, and possible death. When a baby is expected to live longer than a couple of days, parents often have the option of taking the baby home. In certain cases, perinatal hospice services can assist in planning the transition home and arrange in-home care with the parents. Care at this time may focus in part on the psychosocial and spiritual well-being of the parents and siblings. Families will be referred to a social worker or other mental health professional and, if desired, to a hospital chaplain.


Question: How can you monitor your weight and lose weight if needed to manage heart failure?

Answer: Learn what your "dry" or "ideal" weight is. This is your weight without extra fluid. Your goal is to keep your weight within four pounds of your dry weight. Weigh yourself at the same time each day, preferably in the morning, in similar clothing, after urinating but before eating, and on the same scale. Record your weight in a diary or calendar. If you gain 2 pounds in one day or 5 pounds in one week, call your doctor. Your doctor may want to adjust your medications.


Question: How can taking your medications as prescribed help with managing heart failure?

Answer: Drugs are used to improve your heart's ability to pump blood, decrease stress on your heart, decrease the progression of heart failure, and prevent fluid retention. Many heart failure drugs are used to decrease the release of harmful hormones. These drugs will cause your blood vessels to dilate or relax (thereby lowering your blood pressure).


Question: How can heart failure cause congested lungs?

Answer: A weak heart causes fluid to back up in the lungs. This can cause shortness of breath with exercise or difficulty breathing at rest or when lying flat in bed. Lung congestion can also cause a dry, hacking cough or wheezing.


Question: How can you lessen your heart failure symptoms?

Answer: To lessen symptoms of heart failure: Maintain fluid balance. Your doctor may ask you to keep a record of the amount of fluids you drink or eat and how often you go to the bathroom. Remember, the more fluid you carry in your blood vessels, the harder your heart must work to pump excess fluid through your body. Limiting your fluid intake to less than two liters per day will help decrease the workload of your heart and prevent symptoms from recurring. Limit how much salt (sodium) you eat.


Question: How can heart failure cause fluid and water retention?

Answer: Fluid and water retention. A weak heart pumps less blood to your kidneys and causes fluid and water retention, resulting in swollen ankles, legs, and abdomen (called edema) and weight gain. This can also cause an increased need to urinate during the night as your body attempts to get rid of this excess fluid. Bloating in your stomach may cause a loss of appetite or nausea.


Question: How can symptoms vary in heart failure?

Answer: If you have heart failure, you may have one or all of these symptoms or you may have none of them. In addition, your symptoms may not be related to how weak your heart is; you may have many symptoms but your heart function may be only mildly weakened. Or you may have a more severely damaged heart but have few symptoms.


Question: How does a tetatnus shot work?

Answer: You normally receive tetanus shots in the deltoid (shoulder) muscle. If you did not receive a tetanus vaccine as a child, you should start with a three-dose primary series with the first dose being a three-in-one combination called Tdap that protects against tetanus, diphtheria ( Td) and pertussis (whooping cough). The other two doses are a dual vaccine ( Td) cover tetanus and diphtheria. You receive these vaccines over a period of seven to 12 months. Vaccination against pertussis is especially important for those in direct contact with young infants or patients. After receiving the primary series, get a Td booster every 10 years.


Question: What are the side effects of a tetanus shot?

Answer: However, sometimes the tetanus vaccine can cause mild side effects. These may include: Soreness, redness, or swelling at the site of the injection Fever Headache or body aches Fatigue A severe allergic reaction (anaphylaxis) is also very rare, but can result within minutes of being vaccinated.


Question: What's in a tetanus shot?

Answer: The vaccines are made up of tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis toxins that have been made nontoxic but they still have the ability to create an immune response. These vaccines do not contain live bacteria.


Question: How do you get tetanus?

Answer: You can get it through a cut or other wound. Tetanus bacteria are commonly present in soil, dust, and manure. The tetanus bacteria can infect a person even through a tiny scratch. But you are more likely to get tetanus through deep punctures from wounds created by nails or knives. The bacteria travel via blood or nerves to the central nervous system.


Question: Can pregnant women get a tetanus shot?

Answer: In fact, current guidelines recommend that all pregnant women receive a Tdap vaccine each time they are pregnant, specifically to prevent pertussis. Wait to get the Tdap vaccine if you have a moderate to severe acute illness.


Question: What are the symptoms of tetanus?

Answer: Symptoms often begin around a week after infection. But this may range from three days to three weeks or even longer. The most common symptom is a stiff jaw, which can become "locked." This is how the disease came to be called lockjaw. Symptoms of tetanus may include: Headache Muscle stiffness, starting in the jaw, then the neck and the arms, legs, or abdomen Trouble swallowing Restlessness and irritability Sweating and fever Palpitations and high blood pressure Muscle spasms in the face, causing a strange-looking steady smile or grin If not treated, tetanus can cause death from suffocation.


Question: Can everyone get a tetanus shot?

Answer: You should have a tetanus shot if you: Did not receive a primary series of tetanus shots as a child Have not had a tetanus booster in the last 10 years Have recovered from tetanus You should not get a Tdap vaccine if you have had a severe allergic reaction after a previous Tdap vaccine. You also should not get a Tdap vaccine if you have a history of coma or seizures within a week following a previous Tdap vaccine. Talk to your doctor if you have a history of epilepsy or other nervous system problems, severe pain or swelling in the past after a previous tetanus vaccine, or a history of either Guillain- Barre syndrome or chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy.


Question: How is the hemoglobin A1c test used in people with diabetes?

Answer: People who have diabetes need this test regularly to see if their levels are staying within range. It can tell if you need to adjust your diabetes medicines. The A1c test is also used to diagnose diabetes.


Question: Is it possible get misleading A1c test results?

Answer: People with diseases affecting hemoglobin, such as anemia, may get misleading results with this test. Other things that can affect the results of the hemoglobin A1c include supplements such as vitamins C and E and high cholesterol levels. Kidney disease and liver disease may also affect the test.


Question: What is the target A1c level for people with diabetes?

Answer: $('.ua_type_mobile .article table').css('width','100%'); The target A1c level for people with diabetes is usually less than 7%. The higher the hemoglobin A1c, the higher your risk of having complications related to diabetes.


Question: What is the target hemoglobin A1c level for people with diabetes?

Answer: $('.ua_type_mobile .article table').css('width','100%'); The target A1c level for people with diabetes is usually less than 7%. The higher the hemoglobin A1c, the higher your risk of having complications related to diabetes.


Question: What can affect the results of a hemoglobin A1c test?

Answer: People with diseases affecting hemoglobin, such as anemia, may get misleading results with this test. Other things that can affect the results of the hemoglobin A1c include supplements such as vitamins C and E and high cholesterol levels. Kidney disease and liver disease may also affect the test.


Question: What is a normal hemoglobin A1c test?

Answer: For people without diabetes, the normal range for the hemoglobin A1c level is between 4% and 5.6%. Hemoglobin A1c levels between 5.7% and 6.4% mean you have a higher chance of getting diabetes. Levels of 6.5% or higher mean you have diabetes.


Question: How does the hemoglobin A1c test work?

Answer: The sugar in your blood is called glucose. When glucose builds up in your blood, it binds to the hemoglobin in your red blood cells. The A1c test measures how much glucose is bound. Red blood cells live for about 3 months, so the test shows the average level of glucose in your blood for the past 3 months. If your glucose levels have been high over recent weeks, your hemoglobin A1c test will be higher.


Question: What is a normal hemoglobin A1c test result?

Answer: For people without diabetes, the normal range for the hemoglobin A1c level is between 4% and 5.6%. Hemoglobin A1c levels between 5.7% and 6.4% mean you have a higher chance of getting diabetes. Levels of 6.5% or higher mean you have diabetes.


Question: How often should people with diabetes get a hemoglobin A1c test?

Answer: People with diabetes should have an A1c test every 3 months to make sure their blood sugar is in their target range. If your diabetes is under good control, you may be able to wait longer between the blood tests. But experts recommend checking at least two times a year.


Question: What is the hemoglobin A1c test for diabetes?

Answer: The hemoglobin A1c test tells you your average level of blood sugar over the past 2 to 3 months. It's also called Hb A1c, glycated hemoglobin test, and glycohemoglobin. People who have diabetes need this test regularly to see if their levels are staying within range. It can tell if you need to adjust your diabetes medicines. The A1c test is also used to diagnose diabetes.


Question: How often should people with diabetes have an A1c test?

Answer: People with diabetes should have an A1c test every 3 months to make sure their blood sugar is in their target range. If your diabetes is under good control, you may be able to wait longer between the blood tests. But experts recommend checking at least two times a year.


Question: What else should I know about genital herpes?

Answer: Educate yourself about genital herpes. You'll find out that it's not as serious as it may seem, and that couples can and do have wonderful, sexually fulfilling relationships, even if one partner has genital herpes. Sometimes, people in long-term relationships suspect that their partner has been cheating when he or she is diagnosed. That's not necessarily true -- your partner could have been infected years or decades before you met. Also, consider the possibility that you gave your partner herpes. Millions of people live with genital herpes without having a clue that they're infected. In fact, health experts estimate that 90% of those who are infected in the United States don't know it. A herpes infection doesn't always cause obvious sores on the genitals. In many cases, it causes no noticeable symptoms at all. Health care professionals say that sex partners of people with herpes should be tested, as that is the only way to know for sure if they are infected or not.


Question: What do I do if my partner has genital herpes?

Answer: But instead of declaring the sexual part of your relationship over or out of the question, think of ways you can be intimate without risking infection. You can reduce the risk of becoming infected through sexual intercourse by using condoms and avoiding sex when your partner has symptoms. There will always be some risk, even if you practice safer sex, but you can minimize it as much as possible.


Question: What happens when stage II chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) symptoms get worse?

Answer: You may also start to have flare-ups, called exacerbations. This is when your symptoms get worse for several days at a time. They can be very serious. Keep an eye out for: Feeling confused Being more breathless than usual Change in color of mucus, which may be the first sign of a flare-up Change in amount of mucus, either more or less More coughing More tiredness New sleep problems Tell your doctor if you have any of these. Get medical help right away if you feel confused or have trouble breathing.


Question: How can I prevent night terrors?

Answer: If your child has night terrors, you can try to interrupt her sleep in order to prevent one. Here is how to do it: First, note how many minutes the night terror occurs from your child's bedtime. Then, awaken your child 15 minutes before the expected night terror, and keep her awake and out of bed for five minutes. You may want to take your child to the bathroom to see if she will urinate. Continue this routine for a week.


Question: What exams and tests do doctors use to diagnose night terrors?

Answer: Usually, a complete history and a physical exam are sufficient to diagnose night terrors. If other disorders are suspected, additional tests may be useful to exclude them: An electroencephalogram ( EEG), which measures brain activity, may be performed if a seizure disorder is suspected. Polysomnography (a combination of tests used to check for adequate breathing while asleep) may be done if a breathing disorder is suspected. CT scans and MRIs are usually not necessary.


Question: How can I treat night terrors at home?

Answer: Parents might take the following precautions at home: Make the child's room safe to try to prevent the child from being injured during an episode. Eliminate all sources of sleep disturbance. Maintain a consistent bedtime routine and wake-up time.


Question: What is the medical treatment for night terrors?

Answer: Unfortunately, no adequate treatment exists for night terrors. Management primarily consists of educating family members about the disorder and reassuring them that the episodes are not harmful. In severe cases in which daily activities (for example, school performance or peer or family relations) are affected, low-dose benzodiazepines (such as clonazepam) or tricyclic antidepressants (such as imipramine) may be used as a temporary treatment.


Question: What are the symptoms of night terrors?

Answer: While most of the time they have no specific cause, night terrors can sometimes result from: Stressful life events Fever Sleep deprivation Medications that affect the central nervous system (the brain) Recent anesthesia given for surgery In addition to frequent recurrent episodes of intense crying and fear during sleep, with difficulty arousing the child, children with night terrors may also experience the following: Tachycardia (increased heart rate) Tachypnea (increased breathing rate) Sweating during episodes The typical night terror episode usually begins approximately 90 minutes after falling asleep.


Question: What should I know about night terrors?

Answer: Night terrors typically occur in children ages 3-12, with a peak onset at age 3 1/2. There are two main types of sleep: rapid eye movement ( REM) and non-rapid eye movement (non- REM). Non- REM sleep has stages, and night terrors happen during the transition from stage 3 to stage 4. They typically occur approximately 90 minutes after the child falls asleep. Night terrors are distinctly different from the common nightmares, which occur during REM sleep. Night terrors are characterized by frequent recurrent episodes of intense crying and fear during sleep, with difficulty arousing the child. Unlike nightmares, most children do not recall a dream after a night terror episode, and they usually do not remember the episode the next morning. Night terrors are frightening episodes that can disrupt family life. An estimated 1%-6% of children experience night terrors. Boys and girls are equally affected. Children of all races also seem to be affected equally. It is a disorder that is usually outgrown by adolescence.


Question: What is the outlook for night terrors?

Answer: It is a disorder that is usually outgrown by adolescence.


Question: When should I seek medical care for night terrors?

Answer: Sleep disruption is a parent's most frequent concern during the first years of a child's life. Half of all children develop a disrupted sleep pattern serious enough to warrant a visit to the pediatrician. During his or her evaluation, the doctor may also be able to exclude other possible disorders that might cause night terrors.


Question: What is chondromalacia?

Answer: Chondromalacia refers to a softening of the cartilage under the kneecap (patella). It is a common cause of deep knee pain and stiffness in younger women and can be associated with pain and stiffness after prolonged sitting and climbing stairs or hills. While treatment with anti-inflammatory medications, ice packs, and rest can help, long-term relief is best achieved by strengthening exercises for the muscles of the front of the thigh.


Question: What diseases and conditions can cause knee pain?

Answer: Pain can occur in the knee from diseases or conditions that involve the knee joint, the soft tissues and bones surrounding the knee, or the nerves that supply sensation to the knee area. The knee joint is commonly affected by rheumatic diseases, immune diseases that affect various tissues of the body including the joints.


Question: How do you treat bursitis of the knee?

Answer: Bursitis is generally treated with ice packs, immobilization, and anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen ( Advil, Motrin) or aspirin and may require local injections of corticosteroids (cortisone medication) as well as exercise therapy to develop the musculature of the front of the thigh.


Question: How can skipping your medication affect your blood pressure?

Answer: For some people, lifestyle changes are enough to get and keep blood pressure under control. But many people need medication, too. It's important to take it exactly as your doctor prescribes. That means not cutting doses or skipping days. If you have trouble remembering, get help with electronic reminders or daily pillboxes.


Question: What should you eat to help lower your blood pressure?

Answer: The experts recommend you: Skip foods high in total and saturated fat. Load up on fruits and vegetables in as many colors as possible. Go heavy on whole grains, and stay away from processed foods, especially ones high in carbohydrates, sugar, fat, and salt. Control how much alcohol you drink. While small amounts may lower your blood pressure, large amounts can have the opposite effect. Have no more than one drink a day if you're a woman; two or less if you're a man. Go easy on the caffeine. It can raise your blood pressure. These are the basic rules of a program called DASH ( Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension). It's considered by many to be the best diet when it comes to managing and lowering blood pressure.


Question: How can relaxing help to lower your blood pressure?

Answer: Lowering your stress helps keep your blood pressure normal. Try mind-body exercises like yoga and tai chi. Listen to calming music, or make music. One study found that playing music had benefits that were similar to physical activity. Sitting in the sun can boost feel-good chemicals called endorphins and lower your blood pressure. And don't forget about your support network. Rely on friends and family to lighten your mood. Meditation can also help with stress.


Question: How can losing weight affect your blood pressure?

Answer: If you're overweight, losing as little as 10 pounds can lower your blood pressure. It will also help with sleep apnea -- when your breathing briefly stops multiple times while you sleep. ( It can raise your blood pressure and make your heart beat irregularly.) Shed pounds slowly with a steady mix of healthy eating and exercise. Keeping tabs on the scale will help your blood pressure take care of itself. Check your readings regularly at home, and try to stay in your target range.


Question: How can salt affect your blood pressure?

Answer: It's a prime offender in raising blood pressure. The American Heart Association recommends that people with hypertension keep it under 1,500 milligrams a day. Check your food labels to see how much you're getting. If you cut back gradually, you're less likely to notice the difference. One way to cut back is to prepare your food at home. 75% of your sodium intake comes from eating out and packaged foods. Use more spices for flavor instead of salt. Eating more potassium (found in foods like bananas, raisins, tuna, and milk) helps move sodium out of your body. A small effort can bring blood pressure down as much as 2 to 8 points.


Question: How can trauma to the skin cause psoriasis?

Answer: Trauma to the skin. In some people with psoriasis, trauma to the skin -- including cuts, bruises, burns, bumps, vaccinations, tattoos, and other skin conditions -- can cause a flare-up of psoriasis symptoms at the site of the injury. This condition is called " Koebner phenomenon."


Question: What triggers a psoriasis flare-up?

Answer: While the underlying cause of psoriasis stems from your body's immune system, certain triggers can make symptoms worse or cause flare-ups. These psoriasis triggers include: Cold and dry weather. Such weather can dry out your skin, which makes the chances of having a flare-up worse. In contrast, hot, sunny weather appears to help control the symptoms of psoriasis in most people. Stress. Having psoriasis can itself cause stress, and patients often report that outbreaks of symptoms come during particularly stressful times. Some medications. Certain drugs, such as lithium (a common treatment for bipolar disorder), drugs for malaria, and some beta-blockers (used to treat high blood pressure, heart disease, and some heart arrhythmias), can cause flare-ups of psoriasis symptoms. Infections. Certain infections, such as strep throat or tonsillitis, can result in guttate (small, salmon-pink droplets) or other types of psoriasis two to three weeks after the infection. Psoriasis symptoms may worsen in people who have HIV. Trauma to the skin. In some people with psoriasis, trauma to the skin -- including cuts, bruises, burns, bumps, vaccinations, tattoos, and other skin conditions -- can cause a flare-up of psoriasis symptoms at the site of the injury. This condition is called " Koebner phenomenon." Alcohol. Using alcohol may increase the chances of psoriasis flare-ups. Smoking. Some experts think that smoking can worsen psoriasis symptoms.


Question: How can alcohol cause psoriasis?

Answer: Using alcohol may increase the chances of psoriasis flare-ups.


Question: How can infections cause psoriasis?

Answer: Certain infections, such as strep throat or tonsillitis, can result in guttate (small, salmon-pink droplets) or other types of psoriasis two to three weeks after the infection. Psoriasis symptoms may worsen in people who have HIV.


Question: How can I use a deep breathing technique to help relieve stress that may be causing erectile dysfunction (ED)?

Answer: Deep breathing: Imagine a spot just below your navel. Breathe into that spot, filling your abdomen with air. Let the air fill you from the abdomen up, then let it out, like deflating a balloon. With every long, slow exhalation, you should feel more relaxed.


Question: What is recovery from brucellosis like?

Answer: Recovery can take weeks, even months. Patients who receive treatment within one month of the start of symptomscan be cured of the disease.


Question: What are the long-lasting symptoms of brucellosis?

Answer: Severe brucellosis may cause: Infection of the central nervous system Endocarditis (infection of the lining of the heart or valves) Liver abscess Brucellosis can cause long-lasting symptoms that are similar to systemic exertion intolerance disease. SEID is formerly known as Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/ Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. The symptoms can lead to disability. They may include: Fatigue Fevers that come and go Joint pain Brucellosis in a pregnant woman may lead to: Miscarriage Birth defects in the baby Death from brucellosis is uncommon.


Question: What might your doctor find when examining for brucellosis?

Answer: You may have: A swollen liver Swollen lymph nodes A swollen spleen Unexplained fever Joint swelling and pain A rash Blood tests will be done to diagnose the infection and determine what type of Brucella is making you sick.


Question: What risks does brucellosis present for a pregnant woman?

Answer: They may include: Fatigue Fevers that come and go Joint pain Brucellosis in a pregnant woman may lead to: Miscarriage Birth defects in the baby Death from brucellosis is uncommon.


Question: What are the symptoms of brucellosis?

Answer: These come from high-risk regions, including the Mediterranean Travel to areas where Brucella is common Work in a meat-processing plant or slaughterhouse Work on a farm Brucellosis has also been reported in: Hunters in the U. S. Veterinarians who have immunized cattle with the Brucellavaccine General symptoms of brucellosis are often vague and similar to the flu. They may include: Fever (the most common symptom, with high "spikes" that usually occur in the afternoon) Back pain Body-wide aches and pains Poor appetite and weight loss Headache Night sweats Weakness Abdominal pain Cough Symptoms usually appear within five to 30 days after you come in contact with the bacteria.


Question: What does severe brucellosis cause?

Answer: Severe brucellosis may cause: Infection of the central nervous system Endocarditis (infection of the lining of the heart or valves) Liver abscess Brucellosis can cause long-lasting symptoms that are similar to systemic exertion intolerance disease.


Question: Who is more likely to get brucellosis?

Answer: You are more likely to get brucellosis if you: Eat or drink unpasteurized dairy products from cows, goats, or other animals that are infected with the bacteria Eat other unpasteurized cheeses called "village cheeses." These come from high-risk regions, including the Mediterranean Travel to areas where Brucella is common Work in a meat-processing plant or slaughterhouse Work on a farm Brucellosis has also been reported in: Hunters in the U. S. Veterinarians who have immunized cattle with the Brucellavaccine General symptoms of brucellosis are often vague and similar to the flu.


Question: What does the treatment for brucellosis involve?

Answer: Brucellosis can be difficult to treat. If you have brucellosis, your doctor will prescribe antibiotics. Antibiotics commonly used to treat brucellosis include: doxycycline ( Acticlate, Monodox, Vibra- Tabs, Vibramycin) streptomycin ciprofloxacin ( Cipro) or ofloxacin ( Floxin) rifampin ( Rifadin, Rimactane) sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim ( Bactrim) tetracycline ( Sumycin) You will generally be given doxycycline and rifampin a in combination for 6-8 weeks. You must take the antibiotics for many weeks to prevent the disease from returning. The rate of relapse following treatment is about 5-15% and usually occurs within the first six months after treatment.


Question: Which insurance companies provide coverage for intravenous steroid treatment?

Answer: Where you get IV steroid treatment may depend on your insurance coverage or what's available in your area.


Question: What are the common side effects of IV steroid treatment for multiple sclerosis?

Answer: Here are some possible, short-term side effects from taking steroids: Mood swings Swollen hands, ankles, or feet Bigger appetite Sleep problems like insomnia High blood pressure Upset stomach Cramps Back pain Headache Metallic taste in your mouth Flushed face Rash Heart palpitations Follow these tips to ease steroid side effects: Suck on hard candies or mints while you have your infusion to ease the metal taste.


Question: What medications are used to treat an acute attack of multiple sclerosis?

Answer: Dexamethasone ( Decadron) is another liquid steroid used to treat MS flares.


Question: What are the long-term side effects of IV steroid treatment for multiple sclerosis?

Answer: But these medications don't affect the long-term course of your MS.


Question: After treatment for multiple sclerosis, can I return to my daily activities?

Answer: The most common MS flare treatment is 1 gram of intravenous ( IV) methylprednisolone ( Solu- Medrol) daily for 3 to 5 days.


Question: Does insurance cover IV steroid treatment for multiple sclerosis?

Answer: Where you get IV steroid treatment may depend on your insurance coverage or what's available in your area.


Question: What steroid medications are used to treat multiple sclerosis?

Answer: Dexamethasone ( Decadron) is another liquid steroid used to treat MS flares.


Question: How do you know if a low-carb diet is right for you?

Answer: If you're considering a high-protein diet, check with your doctor or a nutritionist to see if it's OK for you. They can help you come up with a plan that will make sure you're getting enough fruits and vegetables, and that you're getting lean protein foods. Remember, weight loss that lasts is usually based on changes you can live with for a long time, not a temporary diet.


Question: What kind of sexual side effects can treatment for cervical cancer cause?

Answer: If you're getting chemotherapy for cervical cancer, you may notice a loss of libido or other sexual side effects like vaginal dryness during and after treatment. This is because chemotherapy causes your ovaries to suddenly stop producing estrogen. Your doctor can recommend estrogen replacement therapy or a topical estrogen cream. Radiation therapy in your pelvic area can damage your ovaries and change in your vaginal lining. Talk to your doctor about your treatment and whether he can recommend any specific strategies for preventing long-term side effects. Talking to your treatment team, your partner, and other cancer survivors can help you deal with the sexual changes you're experiencing and figure out ways to cope.


Question: What are the treatments for cervical cancer?

Answer: You and your doctor will decide what treatment is best for you, and it may include chemotherapy, radiation, surgery, or targeted therapy. And it could have side effects, including changes in your appetite or sense of taste, nausea, and weight loss or weight gain. Making good food choices during treatment can help you feel better, tolerate side effects, lower your chances of infection, and even heal faster.


Question: How can exercise help in treating cervical cancer?

Answer: Your treatment program may make you feel extra tired, and exercise probably seems impossible. But even doing a small amount can have tons of benefits. It can help you stay strong, improve your appetite and energy, and help you feel less stressed or depressed. Talk with your doctor to about what exercise makes sense for you, and pay attention to how you feel when moving your body. When your doctor approves it, and you're up for it, even adding 30 minutes of walking to your day can make a big difference in how you feel.


Question: What are examples of products that may contain asbestos?

Answer: Other items that may contain asbestos include: · Insulation in walls and attics · Vinyl tiles used for floors · Shingles · Siding on houses · Blankets that protect hot water pipes · Fabrics that resist heat · Car brakes The fibers that form asbestos separate very easily into tiny pieces when they're handled or damaged.


Question: How long does diarrhea last?

Answer: Diarrhea in an adult worsens or doesn't clear up after 2 or 3 days A child doesn't feel better after 24 hours


Question: What fluids are best for dehydration from diarrhea?

Answer: Here are some basic tips: Give an adult plenty of clear fluid, like fruit juices, soda, sports drinks and clear broth. Avoid milk or milk-based products, alcohol, apple juice, and caffeine while you have diarrhea and for 3 to 5 days after you get better. They may make diarrhea worse. Give a child or infant frequent sips of a rehydration solution such as Pedialyte, Cera Lyte, or Infalyte. Do not add salt tablets to a baby's bottle.


Question: What should you eat when you have diarrhea?

Answer: Ease Into Eating Feed an infant or child easily digested foods; the BRAT diet (bananas, rice, applesauce, and toast) is a good choice as soon as they can tolerate food. For an adult, add semisolid and low-fiber foods gradually as diarrhea stops. Avoid spicy, greasy, or fatty foods.


Question: What other problems can the flu lead to in children?

Answer: Those can include a sinus infection, ear infection, or pneumonia. Call the doctor if your child's fever lasts more than 3 to 4 days. Also call if she complains of trouble breathing, ear pain, a stuffy nose or head, a cough that won't go away, or she seems to be getting worse. Young children under age 2 -- even healthy children -- are more likely than older children to be hospitalized from the complications of the flu.


Question: What medications should not be used in children?

Answer: Don't give aspirin to children or teenagers. It can boost their risk of Reye's syndrome, a rare disorder that can harm their liver or cause brain damage. The FDA and drug makers say not to give over-the-counter cough and cold medicines to children under age 4. The American Academy of Pediatricians goes higher -- they warn against using them for children younger than 6. Talk to your doctor before you give your child one of these products.


Question: Do home remedies help children with the flu?

Answer: These treatments can help your kid feel better: Plenty of rest Plenty of liquids Using acetaminophen or ibuprofen to lower fever and ease aches -- you can get both in children's versions.


Question: How can I remove mucus in a very young and congested child?

Answer: If you have a very young child with congestion, use a nasal bulb to remove mucus. Or spray three drops of saline nasal spray into each nostril.


Question: Can kids take any medicine to shorten or prevent getting the flu?

Answer: If the doctor thinks your child is likely to have a complication from the flu, he may give her antiviral medicines like baloxavir marboxil ( Xofluza), oseltamivir ( Tamiflu) or zanamivir ( Relenza). They can help if she gets them in the first 2 days of getting sick. They may even shorten the flu by 1 or 2 days. In some cases, they can prevent it. They stop the virus from reproducing, so it can't spread. Still, the best way to prevent the flu is to get the vaccine. Antibiotic drugs don't work. They treat bacterial infections, and the flu is a viral infection.


Question: Which children are most at risk to have serious complications with the flu?

Answer: Some children are more likely to have serious complications with the flu. Talk to your doctor as soon as you know your child is sick if she's younger than 5 or has an ongoing (chronic) health condition like asthma or other lung disease, heart condition, or diabetes.


Question: What are symptoms of an alcohol allergy?

Answer: Symptoms of that include: Rashes Trouble breathing Stomach cramps Collapse Anaphylaxis, which is a severe reaction that can include a rapid, weak pulse, nausea, and vomiting. If you have this, swelling or trouble breathing, Call 911. If you have an alcohol allergy, it doesn't take much to trigger reactions. Two teaspoons of wine or a mouthful of beer may be enough.


Question: What are common allergens in alcoholic beverages?

Answer: Alcoholic beverages are made from complex mixtures of grains, chemicals, and preservatives that your body needs to break down. If your body can't do this well enough, you will have a reaction. Common allergens in alcoholic beverages include: Barley Egg protein (usually in wine) Gluten Grapes Histamines Hops Rye Seafood proteins Sodium metabisulphite Sulphites Wheat Yeast Red wine is more likely to cause a reaction than any other alcoholic drink.


Question: Does taking antidepressants make you weak?

Answer: Fact: Like medical conditions such as diabetes or high cholesterol, major depression is a condition that often responds to medication. When depression interferes with your ability to function normally, seeking treatment is not a sign of weakness. It's a sign of good self-care.


Question: Do antidepressants make you gain weight?

Answer: Fact: Like all drugs, antidepressants have side effects, and weight gain can be a common one of many of them. Some antidepressants may be more likely than others to cause weight gain; others may actually cause you to lose some weight. If this is a concern, talk with your doctor.


Question: Do antidepressants change your personality or turn you into a zombie?

Answer: Fact: When taken correctly, antidepressants will not change your personality. They will help you feel like yourself again and return to your previous level of functioning. ( If a person who isn't depressed takes antidepressants, they do not improve that person's mood or functioning - it's not a "happy pill.") Rarely, people experience apathy or loss of emotions while on certain antidepressants. When this happens, lowering the dose or switching to a different antidepressant may help.


Question: Do antidepressants affect your sex life?

Answer: Fact: Some antidepressants can have an effect on sex. The problem is usually in having an orgasm rather than a lack of desire. But because depression itself decreases libido, a medication that eases depression may improve your sex life. As with other side effects, certain antidepressants may be more likely than others to cause sexual problems.


Question: Are antidepressants covered by insurance?

Answer: Fact: Antidepressants are usually covered by insurance plans with prescription drug coverage. The cost of antidepressants varies widely, depending on the dosage, the drug you are taking, and whether it is available as a generic. Even without insurance coverage, it is possible to purchase a generic antidepressant for as little as $4 per month.


Question: Do you have to take antidepressants for the rest of your life?

Answer: Fact: Most people who take antidepressants for a first-time episode of depression need to take them continuously for six to nine months, not necessarily a lifetime. Once an antidepressant gets depression under control, you should work with your doctor to decide when to stop your medication and then decrease your dose gradually. Discontinuing them suddenly may cause problems such as headaches, dizziness, and nausea.


Question: Do antidepressants make you forget your problems rather than deal with them?

Answer: Fact: Antidepressants can't make you forget your problems, but they may make it easier for you to deal with them. Being depressed can distort your perception of your problems and sap you of the energy to address difficult issues. Many therapists report that when their patients take antidepressants, it helps them make more progress in psychotherapy.


Question: What are the signs that I should be tested for diabetes?

Answer: If you experience symptoms of severe increased thirst, frequent urination, unexplained weight loss, increased hunger, tingling of your hands or feet -- your doctor may run a test for diabetes.


Question: What are the signs of type 2 diabetes in children?

Answer: Many children have no symptoms before they are diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Most of the time, diabetes is discovered when a blood or urine test taken for other health problems shows diabetes.


Question: When should you talk to your doctor about your child's risk for diabetes?

Answer: Talk to your doctor about your child's risk for diabetes. If your child's blood sugar tests are higher than normal, but not yet at the level of diabetes (called prediabetes), your doctor may instruct you in specific diet and exercise changes to help your child avoid getting diabetes altogether. Children with type 2 diabetes or prediabetes are almost always overweight or obese.


Question: How can the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes be confirmed?

Answer: To confirm the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes, your doctor will order a fasting plasma glucose test or a casual plasma glucose.


Question: What levels on a casual plasma glucose test indicate diabetes ?

Answer: The Hb A1c level can also be used to diagnose diabetes if a value of equal to or greater than 6.5% is found.


Question: What do the results of the blood glucose test mean for your diabetes?

Answer: Normal fasting blood glucose -- or blood sugar -- is between 70 and 100 milligrams per deciliter or mg/d L for people who do not have diabetes. The standard diagnosis of diabetes is made when two separate blood tests show that your fasting blood glucose level is greater than or equal to 126 mg/d L. However, if you have normal fasting blood sugar, but you have risk factors for diabetes or symptoms of diabetes, your doctor may decide to do a glucose tolerance test (see below) to be sure that you do not have diabetes. Some people have a normal fasting blood sugar reading, but their blood sugar rapidly rises as they eat. These people may have impaired glucose tolerance. If their blood sugar levels are high enough, they may be diagnosed with diabetes.


Question: What do the results of the blood glucose test mean?

Answer: Normal fasting blood glucose -- or blood sugar -- is between 70 and 100 milligrams per deciliter or mg/d L for people who do not have diabetes. The standard diagnosis of diabetes is made when two separate blood tests show that your fasting blood glucose level is greater than or equal to 126 mg/d L. However, if you have normal fasting blood sugar, but you have risk factors for diabetes or symptoms of diabetes, your doctor may decide to do a glucose tolerance test (see below) to be sure that you do not have diabetes.


Question: What is the fasting plasma glucose test?

Answer: The fasting plasma glucose test ( FPG) is the preferred method for diagnosing diabetes, because it is easy to do, convenient, and less expensive than other tests, according to the American Diabetes Association.


Question: If my fasting blood glucose is normal, can I still be tested for diabetes?

Answer: The standard diagnosis of diabetes is made when two separate blood tests show that your fasting blood glucose level is greater than or equal to 126 mg/d L. However, if you have normal fasting blood sugar, but you have risk factors for diabetes or symptoms of diabetes, your doctor may decide to do a glucose tolerance test (see below) to be sure that you do not have diabetes.


Question: How do you prepare for the blood glucose test for diabetes?

Answer: Before taking the blood glucose test, you will not be allowed to eat anything for at least eight hours.


Question: How is diabetes diagnosed in children?

Answer: Many children have no symptoms before they are diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Most of the time, diabetes is discovered when a blood or urine test taken for other health problems shows diabetes.


Question: What is the casual plasma glucose test for diabetes?

Answer: To confirm the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes, your doctor will order a fasting plasma glucose test or a casual plasma glucose. The fasting plasma glucose test ( FPG) is the preferred method for diagnosing diabetes, because it is easy to do, convenient, and less expensive than other tests, according to the American Diabetes Association. Before taking the blood glucose test, you will not be allowed to eat anything for at least eight hours.


Question: How many people have diabetes in the U.S.?

Answer: According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, some 29 million children and adults in the U. S., or over 9% of the population, have diabetes today. Yet, millions of Americans are unaware that they have diabetes, because there may be no warning signs.


Question: How do I prepare for the blood glucose test?

Answer: Before taking the blood glucose test, you will not be allowed to eat anything for at least eight hours.


Question: What is a risky level of LDL (bad cholesterol) level?

Answer: Doctors recommend your total cholesterol stay below 200 mg/d L. Here is the breakdown: Total Cholesterol Category Less than 200 Desirable 200 - 239 Borderline high 240 and above High An LDL (bad cholesterol) level of 190 or above is considered a serious risk factor for heart attack, stroke, and other problems caused by clogged arteries.


Question: How much cholesterol is too much?

Answer: Doctors recommend your total cholesterol stay below 200 mg/d L. Here is the breakdown: Total Cholesterol Category Less than 200 Desirable 200 - 239 Borderline high 240 and above High An LDL (bad cholesterol) level of 190 or above is considered a serious risk factor for heart attack, stroke, and other problems caused by clogged arteries.


Question: What's the difference between "good" and "bad" cholesterol?

Answer: HDL (high density lipoprotein) cholesterol is known as "good" cholesterol. HDL takes the "bad," LDL (low density lipoprotein) cholesterol out of your blood and keeps it from building up in your arteries. LDL cholesterol is known as bad cholesterol because it leads to the development and build up of plaque on the walls of your arteries. That increase your chances of getting cardiovascular disease. When being tested for cholesterol, make sure you get numbers of total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and LDL cholesterol.


Question: What makes my cholesterol levels go up?

Answer: Eating foods such as red meat, whole milk dairy products, egg yolks, and some kinds of fish can make your cholesterol levels go up. Being overweight can make your bad cholesterol go up and your good cholesterol go down.


Question: How will your doctor assess the risk of your cholesterol level?

Answer: Your doctor will first work with you to determine your current level of risk, considering such things as your age, whether or not you smoke, and your blood pressure.


Question: What are high triglyceride levels?

Answer: Then together, the two of you will consider the options you have for achieving that percentage Triglyceride levels that are borderline high (150-199) or high (200 or more) may require treatment in some people.


Question: If a product's package reads "low cholesterol," does that mean it is low in fat?

Answer: Numerous foods marked "low cholesterol" can contain oils that may be high in saturated fats, which are not healthy. In addition, unsaturated fats like vegetable oil can also be high in calories.


Question: What can I do to lower my cholesterol levels?

Answer: You can lower your cholesterol levels by making changes to your lifestyle. Here are some tips. Eat foods with less fat, saturated fat, and cholesterol. Take off the skin and fat from meat, poultry, and fish. Eat food that has been broiled, baked, roasted, or poached instead of fried. Eat lots of fruits and vegetables everyday. Eat cereals, breads, rice, and pasta made from whole grains, such as whole wheat bread or spaghetti. Get at least 30 minutes of moderate to vigorous exercise everyday. Talk to your doctor about the safest and best ways for you to exercise. Lose weight if you are overweight. Stop smoking. Take your cholesterol medication as prescribed by your doctor.


Question: Why should I be concerned about cholesterol?

Answer: Too much cholesterol in your body means that you have an increased risk of getting cardiovascular diseases such as heart disease. If you have too much cholesterol in your body, the cholesterol can build up inside the walls of the arteries that carry blood to your heart. This buildup, which occurs over time, causes less blood and oxygen to get to your heart. This can cause chest pain and heart attacks. Too much cholesterol can also increase your risk of stroke.


Question: How does the appetite suppressant drug  naltrexone (Contrave) work?

Answer: It contains two medications and may affect the reward system in your brain, so eating certain foods that would normally make you feel good no longer do. It also works on the hypothalamus, the part of your brain that regulates appetite, temperature, and other functions.


Question: How does the appetite suppressant drug  phentermine (Qsymia) work?

Answer: It's a combo of two drugs. Phentermine is a stimulant that makes you feel less hungry. Topiramate is a medicine used for seizures and headache, but as part of a combo with phentermine may make you feel less hungry and more full.


Question: How are warts and bacterial infections complications of hyperhidrosis?

Answer: Warts and bacterial infections.


Question: What is athlete's foot (tinea pedis) as a complication of hyperhidrosis?

Answer: Similar to jock itch, athlete's foot is a fungal infection of the feet. The fungus thrives in moist conditions. Athlete's foot often starts in between the toes, where excessive sweating may be severe.


Question: What are social and emotional complications of hyperhidrosis?

Answer: They avoid social and professional opportunities because of embarrassment. Many also report difficulties in their romantic lives because of excessive sweating.


Question: What is maceration as a complication of hyperhidrosis?

Answer: This is a fancy word for the mushy, wet appearance skin gets when it's continually moist. This general skin breakdown can lead to other skin conditions, which are usually mild.


Question: What is jock itch (tinea cruris) as a complication of hyperhidrosis?

Answer: This fungal infection takes hold in the folds of the groin. Heavy sweating creates a continuous moist environment that can make jock itch more likely.


Question: What is glucosamine?

Answer: There are two main types: hydrochloride and sulfate. The glucosamine in your body helps keep up the health of your cartilage -- the rubbery tissue that cushions bones at your joints. But as you get older, your levels of this compound begin to drop, which leads to the gradual breakdown of the joint.


Question: When is glucosamine useful?

Answer: Some studies show it gives relief for mild to moderate knee osteoarthritis, and it may work for other joints, too.


Question: How much glucosamine should you take?

Answer: Ask your doctor what he recommends for you. Some experts suggest you take it with meals to prevent an upset stomach.


Question: What does glucosamine do?

Answer: The glucosamine in your body helps keep up the health of your cartilage -- the rubbery tissue that cushions bones at your joints. But as you get older, your levels of this compound begin to drop, which leads to the gradual breakdown of the joint. There's some evidence that glucosamine sulfate supplements help counteract this effect, although experts aren't sure how.


Question: Can you get glucosamine naturally from foods?

Answer: Although glucosamine sulfate supplements are often manufactured from the shells of shellfish, there aren't any natural food sources of glucosamine.


Question: Is lack of focus a sign of ADHD?

Answer: Everyone misplaces car keys or jackets once in a while. But this kind of thing happens often when you have ADHD.


Question: Is it common for people with ADHD to have problems starting or finishing projects?

Answer: Problems with attention and memory can make it tough to start or finish projects, especially ones that you know will take a lot of focus to complete. This symptom can point to depression, too.


Question: Is lack of attention or focus common in people with ADHD?

Answer: Problems with attention, especially focusing for long periods of time or paying attention to details, is one of the hallmarks of the condition. Depression, anxiety, and addiction disorders can also take a toll on your focus, and many people with ADHD have one or more of these issues, too. Your doctor can ask you questions to get to the bottom of what's causing your attention problems.


Question: Is lack of concentration a sign of ADHD?

Answer: Problems with attention, especially focusing for long periods of time or paying attention to details, is one of the hallmarks of the condition. Depression, anxiety, and addiction disorders can also take a toll on your focus, and many people with ADHD have one or more of these issues, too. Your doctor can ask you questions to get to the bottom of what's causing your attention problems.


Question: How is miraDry used to treat hyperhidrosis?

Answer: Microwave energy mira Dry is a treatment that was FDA approved in 2011 for the treatment of excessive underarm sweating. It is a noninvasive treatment using electromagnetic energy that targets heat on sweat glands, destroying them. Local anesthesia is used and the skin is cooled during this hour-long procedure. It can be repeated 2-3 times for optimal effect.


Question: How are oral drugs used for hyperhidrosis?

Answer: Oral anticholinergic drugs such as glycopyrrolate ( Robinul) are not commonly used for excessive sweating, because in order to work they often produce side effects like dry mouth, blurred vision, and urinary retention. Oral medication is typically reserved for people who have tried first-line treatments without success.


Question: How do over-the-counter antiperspirants help treat hyperhidrosis?

Answer: The approach to treating excessive sweating generally proceeds as follows: Over-the-counter antiperspirants containing a low dose of metal salt (usually aluminum) are usually tried first because they are readily available. Antiperspirants containing aluminum chloride (for example Certain Dri) may be more effective when other antiperspirants have failed. Prescription strength antiperspirants, which contain aluminum chloride hexahydrate. Iontophoresis, a device which passes ionized tap water through the skin using direct electricity. Oral medications, Anticholinergics reduce sweating. Botox (botulinum toxin)- A, has been approved in the U. S. by the FDA for treating excessive axillary (underarm) sweating. mira Dry. This technique uses microwave energy to permanently kill sweat glands. Lasers. Lasers can target and kill the underarm sweat glands. Surgery. A procedure called thoracic sympathectomy may be considered as a last resort.


Question: What is the treatment for hyperhidrosis?

Answer: An estimated 2%-3% of Americans suffer from excessive sweating of the underarms (axillary hyperhidrosis) or of the palms and soles of the feet (palmoplantar hyperhidrosis).


Question: How are lasers used to treat hyperhidrosis?

Answer: Lasers Lasers can focus heat a narrow beam of heat to destroy underarm sweat glands and can be done faster with a faster recovery.


Question: How is Botox used to reduce sweating?

Answer: A small amount of Botox is injected with a very fine needle into roughly 25 to 20 spots in each armpit. This may produce up to 14 months of relief from sweating. The injections are uncomfortable, but use of a very small injection needle makes them tolerable.


Question: Who commonly gets prostate cancer?

Answer: Prostate cancer affects mainly older men. Six out of ten cases are diagnosed in men over 65, but less than 1% in men under 50. Though uncommon, prostate cancer can be seen in men even in their 30's and 40's. Men with a family history of prostate cancer are more likely to develop prostate cancer than the general population.


Question: What is associated with an increased risk for prostate cancer?

Answer: The following are also associated with an increased risk of advanced prostate cancer: Height, high body mass index, low physical activity, smoking, low tomato sauce consumption, high calcium intake, high linoleic acid intake, African- American race, and a positive family history. No proven link exists between prostate cancer and an active sex life, vasectomy, masturbation, use of alcohol or tobacco, circumcision, infertility, infection of the prostate, or a common noncancerous condition called benign prostatic hyperplasia ( BPH). Most, if not all, men will experience an enlarged prostate as they age.


Question: What contributes to prostate cancer?

Answer: Men who consume large amounts of fat -- particularly from red meat and other sources of animal fat cooked at high heat -- may be more likely to develop advanced prostate cancer. The disease is much more common in countries where meat and dairy products are dietary staples than in countries where the basic diet consists of rice, soybean products, and vegetables such as broccoli, cauliflower, cole slaw, or sauerkraut.


Question: Should I go to work if I have a cough?

Answer: If you've got a tickle in the back of your throat or it feels like mucus is dripping into that area from your nose, your cough is probably from allergies or a cold. But unless you've got other symptoms like aches or fever, get dressed and go to work! If you've been sick for a few days and you now cough up darker yellow mucus, it's still probably just a cold. But if it goes on this way for more than a week, it's a good idea to see your doctor.


Question: Should I go to work if I have the sniffles?

Answer: Take stock of your symptoms and see if they meet this commonsense standard for calling in sick: If you've the sniffles, but you're not achy or feverish and feel fine otherwise, you probably have allergies. It's OK to go to work. You can turn to several over-the-counter medicines to treat mild allergies. But keep in mind that some medications, such as diphenhydramine or chlorpheniramine, can make you sleepy. Drugs with less of this side effect include loratidine and cetirizine.


Question: Can I go to work if I have a headache?

Answer: If you wake up with a headache, it may be a cold or flu, especially if you have other symptoms such as sneezing, stuffy nose, and body aches. You may need to stay home a day or two while you're most contagious and feel the worst. If you have a headache and can't handle noise or light, you may have a migraine and shouldn't be at work. If this is something that happens to you again and again, see a doctor. There are medications that can help.