Question: How does timed voiding help treat bladder problems that arise from multiple sclerosis?

Answer: Then you train yourself to resist the first urge to go and refrain from going until your scheduled time. This method doesn't try to teach the person to resist the urge to go. People often use timed voiding at the same time.


Question: How do kegel exercises affect bladder control issues associated with multiple sclerosis?

Answer: Trouble with bladder control is common for people with MS. Talk to your doctor if you notice any changes in when and how often you're going to the bathroom.


Question: How does multiple sclerosis (MS) affect bladder control?

Answer: Trouble with bladder control is common for people with MS. If you don't get treatment, it can turn into other health issues, including bladder infections, kidney damage, and hygiene problems. Kegel exercises strengthen the pelvic floor muscles, which help with bladder control.


Question: How does timed voiding affect bladder control problems associated with multiple sclerosis?

Answer: Then you train yourself to resist the first urge to go and refrain from going until your scheduled time. This method doesn't try to teach the person to resist the urge to go. People often use timed voiding at the same time.


Question: What can make getting ready in the morning easier if I have psoriatic arthritis?

Answer: As you get ready to do your hair and makeup, think about how you're feeling. In the shower, use a moisturizing body wash so you don't have apply moisturizer again when you get out of the shower. If you have trouble applying liquid foundation, think about a switch to powder. You can put it on with a wide-handled makeup brush. Get extra-wide lip-gloss tubes and makeup pencils. Hairbrushes with longer handles can make it easier to reach the back of your head.


Question: What are the risks of the Valsalva maneuver?

Answer: Valsalva maneuver. It may also be riskier for children. If you sometimes have episodes of tachycardia, talk with your doctor about all your treatment options. But if your doctor suggests you learn one or more vagal maneuvers to slow your heart down, you may be able to cut short the unsettling feeling that comes with a racing heart.


Question: What is a carotid sinus massage?

Answer: Carotid sinus massage: Only a doctor should perform this one: Lie down and stick out your chin. The doctor will put pressure on your carotid sinus, a bundle of nerves surrounding the carotid artery in your neck just below your jaw. You should only do them if your doctor has explained when and how.


Question: Is strep throat more serious than a sore throat with a cold?

Answer: Other cold symptoms such as a runny nose and congestion may follow the sore throat. That's why it's important to get proper medical treatment. With proper treatment, strep throat is usually cured within 10 days.


Question: How are tonsillitis symptoms different from symptoms of a sore throat with a cold?

Answer: Other cold symptoms such as a runny nose and congestion may follow the sore throat. In some cases, he or she may be able to diagnose strep based on your reported symptoms and other signs, such as white spots in the throat area, fever, and swollen lymph nodes in the neck. Other symptoms with tonsillitis include the following: Bad breath Fever Voice changes because of swelling Painful swallowing Swollen lymph glands in neck If the tonsillitis infection is bacterial like strep throat, then antibiotics are given.


Question: What is the treatment for strep throat?

Answer: Strep throat, which is an infection due to streptococcus bacteria, is another cause of sore throats and tonsillitis. Antibiotics should not be used to treat a cold virus and sore throat. Other antibiotics are prescribed for people who are allergic to penicillin. Follow your health care provider's instructions for antibiotic use. Take all of the medication, even if you feel better. You should feel better within a day or two. A person with strep throat should stay home until 24 hours after starting the antibiotic. In addition to a sore throat, a cold usually causes nasal symptoms, such as runny nose or congestion.


Question: Is a sore throat with a cold caused by viruses or bacteria?

Answer: Other cold symptoms such as a runny nose and congestion may follow the sore throat. Sore throats can be caused by viruses or bacteria. Tonsillitis can be caused by viruses or bacteria. In addition to a sore throat, a cold usually causes nasal symptoms, such as runny nose or congestion.


Question: How is tonsillitis different from a sore throat with a cold?

Answer: Strep throat is caused by an infection of streptococcus bacteria. Tonsillitis can be caused by viruses or bacteria. While the tonsils' job is to help fight infection, the tonsils can also become infected. When they do, the result is tonsillitis and a very painful sore throat.


Question: How are UTIs treated?

Answer: Complicated UTIs happen in people with abnormal urinary tracts or when antibiotics cannot treat the bacteria causing the infection. In this case, you may get tests such as: Blood tests X-rays, CT scans, MRIs, or ultrasound to show your urinary tract Cystoscopy, in which your doctor inserts a long, thin instrument into your urethra (the tube that carries urine out of your body) to look inside your bladder Intravenous pyelogram, an X-ray test that uses dye so your doctor can better see your urinary system. You might take antibiotics for a longer time, depending on what caused the infection and how long you've had your UTI, or if you have an infection that won't go away. Men usually have to take antibiotics for weeks if the infection is in their prostate. That's important to do to make sure the infection doesn't cause serious problems. You'll need to take all the pills in your prescription and follow the instructions to take them on time -- even after you start to feel better. If you have bladder pain and pain when you urinate, you may get a bladder anesthetic to curb irritation of the bladder and urethra. Depending on which bladder pain medication you take, it may change the color of your urine to reddish-orange or even blue.


Question: How do doctors diagnose and treat UTIs?

Answer: A urine culture is another test that can find the type of bacteria that caused the infection, which will help your doctor choose an antibiotic to give you. In this case, you may get tests such as: Blood tests X-rays, CT scans, MRIs, or ultrasound to show your urinary tract Cystoscopy, in which your doctor inserts a long, thin instrument into your urethra (the tube that carries urine out of your body) to look inside your bladder Intravenous pyelogram, an X-ray test that uses dye so your doctor can better see your urinary system. If you're pregnant and you have a UTI, be sure to see your doctor promptly before it causes problems with your pregnancy.


Question: How does exercise help stress?

Answer: Many studies show that exercise, along with the boosted endorphin levels, really does increase confidence and self-esteem and reduce tension. Exercise also acts as a displacement defense mechanism for those who are "stressed out." What does that mean? If you've ever walked for several miles, you know how hard it is to think of your problems when your mind is focused on walking. When stress levels increase, it results in an overproduction of stress hormones that weaken the immune system.


Question: When should I seek help for stress?

Answer: Talk it out. Saying "no" can help bring your stress to a manageable level and give you more control over your life.


Question: What causes stress?

Answer: We all live with it each day. These demands are physical, mental, emotional, or even chemical in nature. The word "stress" encompasses both the stressful situation, known as the stressor, and the symptoms you experience under stress, your stress response.


Question: How can ADHD affect my job?

Answer: It can make it tough to excel at work and sometimes even keep a job. You may feel restless or not be able to focus -- classic parts of having the disorder. These are all called executive-function abilities that are important in the workplace. But you have to be comfortable enough to let your employer know that you have ADHD.


Question: In what ways can my ADHD affect my job performance?

Answer: How much ADHD affects your job outlook depends on how severe your condition is. One study showed that people with ADHD often had more trouble with attention, working memory, mental processing, and verbal fluency. These are all called executive-function abilities that are important in the workplace. If you have ADHD, it may be hard to: Manage time Get and stay organized Listen and pay attention Follow directions Complete assignments Attend to details Get to work on time Speak just when it's your turn Sit still Keep emotions under control You may also have trouble with: Anger Procrastination ADHD often leads to depression and low self-esteem. Work with a manager or colleague who is well-organized and can help guide you through projects from start to completion.


Question: If I have ADHD, can a counselor or executive coach help me manage my job?

Answer: If you are about to start a job search, work with a career counselor to find a job that best matches your interests, needs, and abilities. If you can, get an assistant or intern to take care of the small details to free you up so you can focus on the big picture. They can also help you work through the job situations that you find most troublesome. For example, they could help you role play how to discuss a pay raise with your boss without the conversation becoming emotionally charged.


Question: How much will my ADHD affect my job?

Answer: Some people may just have trouble staying on task, while others can't make it through the workday without getting into a huge blow-up with a boss or co-worker. Some people who are more severely affected can lose their job, wind up bouncing from job to job, or need to seek disability benefits. Because ADHD is considered a disability under the Americans with Disabilities Act, if you work at a larger company, they can't discriminate against you on the basis of your condition.


Question: Can I work if I have ADHD?

Answer: Excellent focus, attention to detail, speed, and organization -- they are all things employers are looking for in employees and job candidates. It can make it tough to excel at work and sometimes even keep a job. But there are things you can do to help you get a job and thrive despite your ADHD.


Question: How does ADHD affect employment?

Answer: When they were able to secure a job, they tended to earn less than their peers without it. Those job problems translate into nearly $77 billion in lost income each year. Break up your days into a series of individual assignments, and only try to tackle one task at a time.


Question: Are there certain medicines that can help rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: Your joints are painful, stiff, and swollen -- and you're looking for quick relief. There are a lot of medicines that can help. Although the best approach is to use prescription drugs that slow down your disease, you can also fight your symptoms with meds you can find easily on the shelves of your pharmacy. You could also get an upset stomach if you take NSAIDs regularly.


Question: What are some tips for exercising to help with cancer-related fatigue?

Answer: A balanced diet can help you feel better and have more energy. Even during your cancer treatment, you may be able to keep exercising. Here are some tips: Check with your doctor before you begin an exercise program. Start slowly if you get the OK. Give your body time to adjust. Keep a regular exercise schedule. Try to be active at least 150 minutes a week. If you're just starting, build up to this amount over time. The right kind of exercise never makes you feel sore, stiff, or exhausted. If you that happens or you feel out of breath, you're overdoing it.


Question: How do family and friends help you fight cancer-related fatigue?

Answer: And it'll help you get calories. Family and friends can be helpful if they can put themselves in your shoes and understand what fatigue means to you. Cancer support groups can be a source of strength, too. Other people with the disease may understand what you're going through.


Question: How does nutrition affect breast cancer-related fatigue?

Answer: A balanced diet can help you feel better and have more energy. Ask your doctor whether you should take a vitamin supplement if you're not sure you're getting enough nutrients.


Question: How does exercise help breast cancer-related fatigue?

Answer: But that sort of inactivity can lead to feelings of anxiety, depression, weakness, and further fatigue. If you that happens or you feel out of breath, you're overdoing it.


Question: How common is fatigue with breast cancer?

Answer: That's one of the most common side effects of the disease and treatments for it. Fatigue isn't the same as being tired. Tiredness happens to everyone, and a good night's sleep usually re-energizes you. Depression and fatigue often go hand in hand, but it may not be clear which started first. Ask your doctor whether you should take a vitamin supplement if you're not sure you're getting enough nutrients.


Question: How can I save up energy to combat fatigue?

Answer: Changing your activities can help you save energy. Figure out your level of energy. Ask family members or friends to help you with tasks when possible. A moderate pace is better than rushing through your day. Balance periods of rest and work. Use your energy only on important tasks. Schedule rest before you become fatigued -- frequent, short breaks are helpful. When you sit, use a chair with good back support. Sit up with your back straight and your shoulders back. When you have to lift something, bend your knees and use your leg muscles to lift, not your back. Limit work that requires reaching over your head or that adds to muscle tension. Change where you store items to reduce trips or reaching. Rather than moving a large load, break it into smaller ones, or use a cart. Avoid too-hot or too-cold temperatures. Don't take long, hot showers or baths. Your cancer and treatments may make you feel drained, leaving you lying in bed or sitting in chairs for hours.


Question: How does chemotherapy cause breast cancer fatigue?

Answer: That's one of the most common side effects of the disease and treatments for it. Tumor cells steal calories and nutrients from normal cells, and that leads to tiredness that won't seem to let up. Treatments can cause fatigue, too: Chemotherapy . Any chemo drug can cause you to have fatigue. It lasts for a few days in some people, while others say they have it throughout treatment or even afterward.


Question: How do fluids affect breast cancer-related fatigue?

Answer: Get plenty of protein. Drink plenty of fluids. That will help you avoid fatigue that comes from dehydration. Be sure to let your doctor or nurse know if you have: Shortness of breath Pain Side effects from treatments (such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or loss of appetite) Anxiety or nervousness Depression


Question: How soon can you wear contacts if you have pinkeye?

Answer: The symptoms may last a week or 10 days, maybe longer, but they usually go away without your having to go to the doctor. You may need to throw away your contact lenses and case, because bacteria or viruses may be living in it and you can reinfect yourself If the problem is allergic conjunctivitis, it's very important to wash clothes and pillowcases often.


Question: Do I have to go to the doctor for pinkeye?

Answer: If you have pinkeye, or your child has it, you may be tempted to rush to a doctor right away. But that may not be necessary. The symptoms may last a week or 10 days, maybe longer, but they usually go away without your having to go to the doctor.


Question: How do you treat pinkeye at home?

Answer: If you only have pinkeye in one eye, keep the compress away from the other one, or it could get infected. If a warm compress feels better, then use warm water. Don't make it too hot â that could make your pinkeye worse and burn your eyelid skin. Use a compress for a few minutes at a time, several times a day. Make sure no one else uses the cloth. You may need to throw away your contact lenses and case, because bacteria or viruses may be living in it and you can reinfect yourself If the problem is allergic conjunctivitis, it's very important to wash clothes and pillowcases often. Try not to touch your eyes. It's also helpful to change towels and pillowcases often, and use hot water when you wash them.


Question: What can you do to prevent pinkeye?

Answer: There are some easy steps you can take to ease the symptoms of pinkeye. The two most important things for everyone in your household to remember are: Wash your hands, and often. Try not to touch your eyes. It's also helpful to change towels and pillowcases often, and use hot water when you wash them. Never share towels or pillows with someone who has pinkeye.


Question: Can I eat salt if I have hemorrhoids?

Answer: That's the advice everyone gets about hemorrhoids -- and it's good. Too much fiber too fast can cause gas and bloating, so add a little bit to your diet at a time if you're not used to it. You'll also need to drink more fluids to help your body use that fiber: 8-10 large glasses (at least a half-gallon) of water every day.


Question: Can what I eat affect my hemorrhoids?

Answer: Let's take a look at specific foods that can help this painful problem and ways to work them into your meals. Foods with little fiber can cause or make constipation (and therefore hemorrhoids) worse, so it's best to limit how much you eat of them.


Question: How can you prevent running injuries?

Answer: By taking a few precautions and planning, you can prevent many common running injuries. Create a running plan: Before beginning a running routine, talk to a trainer. Also, warm up for five minutes -- by walking, for example -- before you start stretching. Strength train: Add weight training and ab exercises to your routine. Cross train: Mix up your fitness routine. Dress in layers. Be shoe smart: Wear proper-fitting socks and shoes with good support. Run wisely: Run on a flat, smooth surface and avoid steep hills until your body gets used to the activity. Weather matters: Monitor the weather conditions before you go for a run. Stay hydrated: Make sure you drink an extra 1 1/2 to 2 1/2 cups of water on the days you run.


Question: How can you treat common running injuries?

Answer: If pain and discomfort continues, see your health care provider. Rest: Take it easy. Choose alternative ways to exercise while you heal, such as swimming or cycling. Ice and cold therapy: Apply ice packs to reduce pain, inflammation, and swelling. Compression: Wrap the affected area with tape and use splints and supports to control swelling and stabilize the affected area. Elevate: If you sprain your ankle or hurt your foot, elevate it to reduce swelling. Stretch: To reduce pain and tension of the affected area, gently stretch and massage the injured area. Pain relievers: Take over-the-counter pain relievers, such as acetaminophen ( Tylenol) or anti-inflammatory medications, such as ibuprofen ( Advil, Motrin) and naproxen ( Aleve), as recommended by your health care provider to relieve pain and inflammation. Don't try to push through pain. If you notice discomfort, take a break from running.


Question: What is runner's knee?

Answer: This is a common overuse injury. When that happens, you may feel pain around the kneecap, particularly when: Going up or down stairs Squatting Sitting with the knee bent for a long time 2. It often happens when the foot twists or rolls inward.


Question: What are common running injuries?

Answer: It's often due to working too hard before your body gets used to a new activity. Ankle sprain.


Question: How are sinus headaches treated?

Answer: You might take antibiotics, as well as antihistamines or decongestants for a short time. You can also use inhaled nasal decongestants, but only for up to 3 days. Longer use can make your symptoms worse. You usually have to treat the two conditions separately.


Question: What is dwarfism?

Answer: Although other groups may extend the criteria for certain forms of dwarfism to 5 feet, the average height of an adult with dwarfism is 4 feet. This is a fatal condition that usually results in miscarriage.


Question: What is the treatment for autoimmune inner ear disease?

Answer: To diagnose AIED, your doctor will ask questions about your health and medical history, do a physical exam, and give you a hearing test. High doses of steroids have been shown to work well for AIED, but they have many side effects. So you probably won't take them for more than a few weeks. After you take the steroids, your doctor may prescribe a medication that can calm down your immune system. Other drugs like azathioprine ( Imuran), cyclophosphamide ( Cytoxan), and methotrexate are sometimes used for this.


Question: What treatments exist for autoimmune inner ear disease (AIED) other than steroid medications?

Answer: It can cause dizziness, ringing in your ears, and hearing loss. She'll also test your balance, which can show how well your inner ear is "talking" to your brain. There, the brain turns them into sound. Part of the cochlear implant sits behind your ear. The other part is put under your skin during surgery. As doctors learn more about AIED, more treatment options may be possible. These include drugs that work better with fewer side effects as well as gene therapy. New genes may be used to help damaged ear cells start working again.


Question: How is osteoporosis treated?

Answer: These drugs help maintain bone density and can reduce fracture risk. If you start taking a bone-maintenance drug, be sure your doctor knows about all other medicines you are on. Some drugs can affect the bones, and your doctor may want to switch you to another drug or adjust the dose. Hormone replacement therapy ( HRT) -- either estrogen alone or a combination of estrogen and progestin -- can prevent and treat osteoporosis. However, research has shown that hormone replacement therapy increases the risk of breast cancer, heart disease, and stroke in some women.


Question: Where are fractures from osteoporosis most common?

Answer: Fractures from osteoporosis often occur at the hip, wrist, and/or spine. Hip fractures often require surgery. About 700,000 spinal fractures occur a year. Weak bones can lead to a compression fracture in the vertebrae, the bones that form your spine. Over time, these fractures can change the strength and shape of your spine. You may lose height. Spine fractures sometimes can lead to chronic back pain.


Question: How common is osteoporosis?

Answer: Many more are at high risk for the condition. About 50% of women and up to 25% of men over age 50 will break a hip or wrist, or suffer a spinal fracture due to osteoporosis. The National Osteoporosis Foundation recommends adult women age 50 and younger and adult men age 70 and younger get 400-800 IU of vitamin D and 1,000 mg of calcium daily.


Question: What should you do if you get depressed about erectile dysfunction (ED)?

Answer: The first step in overcoming depression is to be honest with yourself, your partner, and your doctor. After depression has been brought out into the open, coping with it will be easier and less stressful. There is no single test that can diagnose depression; however, there are certain patterns that doctors look for in order to make the diagnosis.


Question: How can laser surgery help treat a detached retina?

Answer: The retina is a thin layer of tissue in the back of the eye that is crucial for vision. For different reasons, it can start to peel away from the layer beneath it. If your retina has a hole or tear, but has not started to detach, you won't need those procedures. An eye surgeon points a laser beam into your eye to cause tiny burns around the hole. This creates scars or a âsealâ to wall off the tear to prevent it from developing into a retina detachment.


Question: How can an injecting gas in the eye help with treating retinal detachment?

Answer: The retina is a thin layer of tissue in the back of the eye that is crucial for vision. For different reasons, it can start to peel away from the layer beneath it. Injecting gas in the eye is one possibility to push the retina back in original position. The doctor injects a bubble of gas into the center of your eye, which pushes the retina back. Your body will later absorb the gas over time. Doctors use this method, called pneumatic retinopexy, if the retina has just begun to detach.


Question: What are the risks of surgery for retinal detachment?

Answer: If you have a detached retina, you'll likely need surgery right away to raise the odds of saving your sight in that eye. The surgery itself can cause other problems, though, including: Bleeding Infection Not getting your full vision back Failure to repair the detached retina, which can mean more surgery An increase in eye pressure Before surgery, you and your doctor will talk about its risks and benefits.


Question: Can you avoid surgery for retinal detachment?

Answer: Injecting gas in the eye is one possibility to push the retina back in original position. If your retina has a hole or tear, but has not started to detach, you won't need those procedures. Your doctor may advise the following methods, though, to repair the hole. An eye surgeon points a laser beam into your eye to cause tiny burns around the hole. This creates scars or a âsealâ to wall off the tear to prevent it from developing into a retina detachment. Freezing, which doctors call âcryopexy,â is another possibility. For this procedure, the doctor will numb your eye and then put a small, freezing probe on it. Like laser surgery, the freezing method creates a scar tissue around the hole to correct the problem. Sometimes the retina detaches with no tear. This usually happens if you have a disease or injury that causes fluid to build up behind the retina. In these rare cases, the detached retina may be fixed by treating the disease, and no surgery is needed.


Question: Do I need surgery for retinal detachment?

Answer: Over time, this can cause the retina to lift off the layer below it like wallpaper falling off a wall. Only a doctor can tell you if you have a retinal detachment or a retinal tear. If you do need surgery, there are different types. This usually happens if you have a disease or injury that causes fluid to build up behind the retina. That's why you need to see your doctor right away if you have sudden changes in your vision, especially if you suddenly start to see a lot more âfloatersâ -- these are dots or squiggles that appear before your eyes -- or you see flashes of light or a dark curtain moving into your vision.


Question: What is "indenting" as a treatment for retinal detachment?

Answer: The retina is a thin layer of tissue in the back of the eye that is crucial for vision. For different reasons, it can start to peel away from the layer beneath it. An eye surgeon points a laser beam into your eye to cause tiny burns around the hole. This creates scars or a âsealâ to wall off the tear to prevent it from developing into a retina detachment.


Question: How do you use a neti pot?

Answer: You might also want to ask your family doctor or an ear, nose, and throat specialist to talk you through the process so you can get comfortable with the Neti pot before trying it on your own. Typically, to use the Neti pot or other nasal irrigation device, mix 3 teaspoons of iodide-free, preservative-free salt with 1 teaspoon of baking soda and store in a small clean container. Mix 1 teaspoon of this mixture in 8 ounces of distilled, sterile or previously boiled and cooled water. Place the spout into your top nostril, and gently pour the saline solution into that nostril.


Question: What drinks can cause migraines?

Answer: But doctors agree that brief changes in your brain activity bring them on. Caffeine can cause headaches. But it isn't wise to go cold turkey on your favorite drinks. That could lead to a withdrawal headache. Instead, you may need to limit your caffeine intake to no more than 200 milligrams a day. That's about one small cup of coffee. Feeling tense and worried may be enough to make your head throb.


Question: How is breast reconstruction without implants done?

Answer: When you use your own tissue, it's commonly called a flap procedure. There are two basic methods for the reconstruction: Pedicle or tunneling procedure. With this technique, the section of tissue being moved stays attached to its blood supply. With this technique, the tissue being moved is disconnected from its blood supply and then reconnected to vessels in its new location using microsurgical techniques. This is a more complicated procedure.


Question: How can you make a baby smile?

Answer: By encouraging your baby to smile, you're helping her develop self-esteem. Smile widely at her and offer a warm "hello" in that sing-song pitch parents do so well. If you're trying to get your baby to smile and can't seem to coax a grin, don't fret. Respect differences between you and your partner in the way each of you plays with the baby. Caring for baby at this age is still demanding.


Question: What lifestyle changes can prevent you from catching a cold if you have a medical condition?

Answer: Keep your hands away from those areas to avoid a cold. Move regularly. Aerobic exercise, which gets your heart pounding, helps increase your body's natural virus-killing cells and helps you fight off a cold. Eat healthy. Make sure your diet includes foods with lots of nutrients, like dark green, red, and yellow vegetables and fruits. But make sure your meals include lean protein, good fats, and complex carbs to keep your immune system in top shape. Don't smoke. Heavy smokers get more severe colds and more frequent ones. Heavy drinkers are more likely to get sick and also get complications from a cold. De-stress. There's some evidence that when you relax, your immune system gets stronger. Take time to learn how, and use those techniques throughout your day.


Question: How does having a cold affect you if you have HIV/AIDS?

Answer: If you have complications from your cold, such as lung infections, it makes it hard to take in oxygen efficiently. When you get sick, you're also more likely to get complications such as pneumonia. For in-depth information, see HIV/ AIDS and Colds.


Question: How does having a cold affect you if you have heart disease?

Answer: If you have it, a cold can make your symptoms worse. When that happens, your heart works even harder to pump oxygen-rich blood throughout the body.


Question: Should I change my diet for my eye medication?

Answer: If you have any questions about your medication, ask your doctor. Some foods can increase the potency of drugs. And some drugs need to be taken with food so that your stomach won't get upset.


Question: What should I be aware of when taking eye medication?

Answer: Don't share your medications with others. If you store your medications in a container, label it with the drug name, dose, frequency, and expiration date. Know when your medications will run out. Buy your medications at the same pharmacy, if you can. If you have any questions about your medication, ask your doctor.


Question: What are the stages of pancreatic cancer?

Answer: Stage is a term used in cancer treatment to describe the extent of the cancer's spread. The stages of pancreatic cancer are used to guide treatment and to classify patients for clinical trials. The stages of pancreatic cancer are: Stage 0: No spread. Pancreatic cancer is limited to top layers of cells in the ducts of the pancreas. The pancreatic cancer is not visible on imaging tests or even to the naked eye. Stage I: Local growth. Pancreatic cancer is limited to the pancreas, but has grown to less than 2 centimeters across (stage IA) or greater than 2 but no more than 4 centimeters (stage IB). Stage II: Local spread. Pancreatic cancer is over 4 centimeters and is either limited to the pancreas or there is local spread where the cancer has grown outside of the pancreas, or has spread to nearby lymph nodes. The tumor may have expanded into nearby major blood vessels or nerves, but has not metastasized to distant sites. Stage IV: Confirmed spread. Pancreatic cancer has spread to distant organs.


Question: What are the side effects of radiation and chemotherapy for pancreatic cancer?

Answer: Chemotherapy ("chemo") kills pancreatic cancer cells in the main tumor as well as those that have spread widely. Radiation therapy is done during a series of daily treatments, usually over a period of weeks. Treatment consists of chemotherapy with or without radiation therapy.


Question: How effective is radiation therapy and chemotherapy for the treatment of pancreatic cancer?

Answer: Chemotherapy ("chemo") kills pancreatic cancer cells in the main tumor as well as those that have spread widely. Radiation therapy is done during a series of daily treatments, usually over a period of weeks. Treatment consists of chemotherapy with or without radiation therapy.


Question: What is the best treatment for pancreatic cancer?

Answer: What is difficult is attempting to stage pancreatic cancer without resorting to major surgery. In practice, doctors choose pancreatic cancer treatments based upon imaging studies, surgical findings, and an individual's general state of well being. The stages of pancreatic cancer are: Stage 0: No spread. Pancreatic cancer is then described as follows: Resectable: On imaging tests, pancreatic cancer hasn't spread (or at least not far), and a surgeon feels it might all be removable.


Question: How is the stage of pancreatic cancer determined?

Answer: What is difficult is attempting to stage pancreatic cancer without resorting to major surgery. Imaging tests like CT scans and ultrasound provide some information, but knowing exactly how far pancreatic cancer has spread usually requires surgery.


Question: How are stages used to describe pancreatic cancer?

Answer: The stages of pancreatic cancer are easy to understand. The stages of pancreatic cancer are: Stage 0: No spread.


Question: What retinoids are used to treat skin conditions?

Answer: Coal tar is used to treat conditions including seborrheic dermatitis (usually in shampoos) or psoriasis. It reduces skin cell growth. It causes severe birth defects and should not be used if you are planning to become pregnant, are pregnant or breastfeeding.


Question: When should I call my doctor about the color of my baby's bowel movements?

Answer: Let your baby's doctor know if you see: Poop that stays chalky white. Poop that is tarry black. There may be blood in his digestive tract that has turned dark as it traveled through the intestines. You don't need to worry about green, orange, and yellow stools. They are par for the course and rarely a sign of a digestive problem.


Question: Iâm having genital herpes outbreaks. What are some questions to ask my doctor?

Answer: Can I still plan to have children? Would I benefit from taking herpes suppression drugs every day, or should I take medication only when I have flare-ups? Which drug would be the best choice for me, and why? What are the possible side effects? Is there anything else I can use to relieve my symptoms? What can trigger outbreaks? Can I make lifestyle changes to help prevent them? How often should my long-term partner be tested? Can you recommend a support group or a counselor to help me work through this?


Question: Iâve just been diagnosed with genital herpes. What are some questions to ask my doctor?

Answer: What type of herpes virus do I have? Should I be tested for other sexually transmitted diseases? How can I keep my partner from becoming infected? How soon should my partner be tested? Will herpes complicate any other health problems I have? Can I still plan to have children? Would I benefit from taking herpes suppression drugs every day, or should I take medication only when I have flare-ups? Can you recommend a support group or a counselor to help me work through this?


Question: My partner has genital herpes. What are some questions to ask my doctor?

Answer: How often can I expect to have symptoms? Can I still plan to have children? How often should my long-term partner be tested? Can you recommend a support group or a counselor to help me work through this? If I have been infected, how long would it take for the virus to show up in tests? Should I be tested for other sexually transmitted diseases? What can we do to reduce the risk? What can I do to help my partner manage the condition?


Question: How can scheduling my bathroom trips help my OAB?

Answer: Ask your doctor if you should limit how much you drink at certain times of the day. This way, you train yourself to pee at the same times every day.


Question: How can Kegel exercises help your OAB?

Answer: They also build up the muscle that controls the flow of urine from your body. When it works like it should, it helps you to hold your pee until you can get to the bathroom. When it doesn't, you have leaks. To do Kegels, pretend you're going to pee, then squeeze the muscles you'd use to stop it. You'll have to do them a few times a day for 6 to 8 weeks before you see a change in your OAB symptoms. Sit still, and squeeze your pelvic floor muscles several times in a row.


Question: What is double voiding?

Answer: Hold your pee when you feel like you need to go. It'll help make sure your bladder's empty. That way, you can avoid a quick trip back to the bathroom.


Question: What is mixed dementia?

Answer: There are many different types of dementia. The most common combination is Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia.


Question: What is Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome?

Answer: Your loved one might have: Memory and concentration problems Poor judgment Confusion Mood swings Depression Sleep problems Twitching or jerky muscles Trouble walking This type of dementia is caused by a buildup of fluid in the brain. It most commonly happens in people who are long-term heavy drinkers. The dementia symptom that's most common with this condition is a problem with memory. Usually a person's problem-solving and thinking skills aren't affected.


Question: What are the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease?

Answer: It will get worse over time. Your friend or relative might: Be confused about where he is or what day or year it is Have problems speaking or writing Lose things and be unable to backtrack to find them Show poor judgment Have mood and personality changes If a relative or friend of yours gets this type of dementia, it's usually because he's had a major stroke, or one or more "silent" strokes, which can happen without him realizing it.


Question: What is dementia?

Answer: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } Dementia itself is not a disease, but a syndrome; its symptoms are common to several brain diseases. It will get worse over time. But medications might slow that decline and help with symptoms, such as behavior changes. There are many different types of dementia. Your loved one's treatments will depend on the type he has. The dementia symptom that's most common with this condition is a problem with memory.


Question: Can hormonal changes cause acne in teens?

Answer: While the symptoms of acne vary in severity, you'll notice these signs on areas of your body with the most oil glands (the face, neck, chest, back, shoulders, and upper arms): Clogged pores (pimples, blackheads, and whiteheads) Papules (raised lesions) Pustules (raised lesions with pus) Cysts (nodules filled with pus or fluid) The least severe type of acne lesion is the whitehead or blackhead. Because acne is linked to hormones, some oral contraceptives (birth control pills) may help.


Question: How do I know if I have food intolerance, or a food allergy?

Answer: A doctor can help you know for sure. Food Allergy: Usually comes on suddenly Small amount of food can trigger Happens every time you eat the food Can be life-threatening Food Intolerance: Usually comes on gradually May only happen when you eat a lot of the food May only happen if you eat the food often Is not life-threatening A food allergy and an intolerance both can cause: Nausea Stomach pain Diarrhea Vomiting When a food irritates your stomach or your body can't properly digest it, that's an intolerance. Your doctor can find out if you have an allergy or intolerance.


Question: What can help me figure out if I have a food allergy or intolerance?

Answer: These clues can help you figure out if it is an allergy or intolerance. Have allergy tests done. Learn which foods -- and how much -- cause you to have symptoms.


Question: How can I ease my food allergy symptoms?

Answer: You may have these symptoms: Gas, cramps, or bloating Heartburn Headaches Irritability or nervousness A food allergy happens when your immune system mistakes something in food as harmful and attacks it. When you eat out, ask your server about how your meal will be prepared. It may not always be clear from the menu whether some dishes contain problem foods. Learn to read food labels and check the ingredients for trigger foods. Don't forget to check condiments and seasonings. They may have MSG or another additive that can cause symptoms.


Question: Why is high blood pressure bad for you?

Answer: That added stress can raise your chances for a heart attack or stroke. Over time, problems in your arteries could cut back on blood flow. And since all of the tissues and organs in your body need blood to work well, that means things like your brain, your kidneys, your eyesight, and your sex life can be affected, too. By living with healthy habits and taking medication to get or keep your blood pressure down now, you may prevent long-term problems. Your heart is a muscle, and it needs blood, too. High blood pressure is a leading cause of stroke.


Question: How can high blood pressure affect your eyes?

Answer: High blood pressure changes that. That's where fatty bits, called plaque, get caught and build up. This could lead to kidney failure. You could also lose your sight when your optic nerve doesn't get enough blood.


Question: How can high blood pressure affect your brain?

Answer: Why is high blood pressure a big deal? Depending on what part of your brain loses blood and what it does, you could have problems with language, vision, movement, or anything else your brain controls. It could be temporary if the blood flow is restored, or the damage may be permanent if the cells die. A lessened blood supply to the brain can also keep you from thinking clearly and remembering. It can cause a condition called vascular dementia.


Question: How can high blood pressure affect your arteries?

Answer: Over time, problems in your arteries could cut back on blood flow. High blood pressure changes that. The extra force of the blood can damage the cells on the inside walls of your arteries. If the pressure doesn't let up, it can cause tears in the lining so it's not smooth anymore. That's where fatty bits, called plaque, get caught and build up. Blood can't move as well around these clogs, which can even block arteries. These deposits can also make the walls stiff so it's harder to move the blood. This damage can make the artery wall stretch and bulge out like a balloon. The bump is called an aneurysm. It can break open and bleed. When its supply lines can't deliver enough, you could have: Irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia) Chest pain (angina) Heart attack To push blood through stiff or clogged arteries, your heart has to work harder.


Question: How can high blood pressure affect your heart?

Answer: Over time, problems in your arteries could cut back on blood flow. Your heart is a muscle, and it needs blood, too. When its supply lines can't deliver enough, you could have: Irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia) Chest pain (angina) Heart attack To push blood through stiff or clogged arteries, your heart has to work harder. An overworked heart can become larger than normal. Then the walls of the heart muscle lose strength and can't pump blood well. This could lead to a heart attack or heart failure. The chances are greater if you already have heart problems.


Question: What is an immunoglobulin test?

Answer: Some conditions cause your body to make too many or too few immunoglobulins. Having too few immunoglobulins in your blood gives you a greater chance of getting infections. Having too many could mean you have allergies or an overactive immune system. Your body makes a few different types of immunoglobulin antibodies, including these: Immunoglobulin A: Ig A antibodies are found in the mucous membranes of the lungs, sinuses, stomach, and intestines. Immunoglobulin M: Your body makes Ig M antibodies when you are first infected with new bacteria or other germs. This can be caused by: Medicines that weaken your immune system, such as steroids Diabetes complications Kidney disease or kidney failure A weakened immune system that you were born with or developed (as with HIV/ AIDS) Just because your immunoglobulin level is high or low doesn't mean you have one of these conditions.


Question: What should you do if your baby loses consciousness due to choking?

Answer: Take the object out of his mouth only if you can see it. Never do a finger sweep unless you can see the object in the child's mouth.


Question: How can collagen creams smooth wrinkles?

Answer: In young skin, the collagen framework is intact and the skin remains moisturized and elastic. A moisturizer with or without collagen cannot penetrate the skin and is not designed to be absorbed. No moisturizer can undo the effect of collagen loss and make wrinkles disappear.


Question: How can comprehensive dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT) improve your life skills?

Answer: Cognitive behavioral therapy tries to identify and change negative thinking patterns and pushes for positive behavioral changes. Researchers are investigating whether DBT may be effective in treating these conditions: mood disorders binge eating ADHD post-traumatic stress disorder Comprehensive DBT focuses on four ways to enhance life skills: Distress tolerance: Feeling intense emotions like anger without reacting impulsively or using self-injury or substance abuse to dampen distress. Emotion regulation: Recognizing, labeling, and adjusting emotions. Mindfulness: Becoming more aware of self and others and attentive to the present moment. Interpersonal effectiveness: Navigating conflict and interacting assertively.


Question: What conditions does dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT) treat?

Answer: Cognitive behavioral therapy tries to identify and change negative thinking patterns and pushes for positive behavioral changes. Dialectical behavioral therapy focuses on high-risk, tough-to-treat patients. DBT was initially designed to treat people with suicidal behavior and borderline personality disorder. Researchers are investigating whether DBT may be effective in treating these conditions: mood disorders binge eating ADHD post-traumatic stress disorder Comprehensive DBT focuses on four ways to enhance life skills: Distress tolerance: Feeling intense emotions like anger without reacting impulsively or using self-injury or substance abuse to dampen distress.


Question: How can dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT) help treat borderline personality disorder?

Answer: Cognitive behavioral therapy tries to identify and change negative thinking patterns and pushes for positive behavioral changes. Dialectical behavioral therapy focuses on high-risk, tough-to-treat patients. Patients who undergo DBT have seen improvements such as: less frequent and less severe suicidal behavior shorter hospitalizations less anger less likely to drop out of treatment improved social functioning Substance abuse is common with borderline personality disorder. DBT helps substance abusers with borderline personality disorder but hasn't proven effective for addiction alone.


Question: How can arthritis cause hip pain?

Answer: Arthritis leads to inflammation of the hip joint and the breakdown of the cartilage that cushions your hip bones. The pain gradually gets worse. People with arthritis also feel stiffness and have reduced range of motion in the hip. This is a rip in the ring of cartilage (called the labrum) that follows the outside rim of the socket of your hip joint.


Question: How can you get hip pain?

Answer: Whenever you use the hip (for example, by going for a run), a cushion of cartilage helps prevent friction as the hip bone moves in its socket. Despite its durability, the hip joint isn't indestructible. With age and use, the cartilage can wear down or become damaged. Muscles and tendons in the hip can get overused. Bones in the hip can break during a fall or other injury. Any of these conditions can lead to hip pain. Hip labral tear. This is a rip in the ring of cartilage (called the labrum) that follows the outside rim of the socket of your hip joint.


Question: How can muscle or tendon strain cause hip pain?

Answer: Muscles and tendons in the hip can get overused. When bursae get inflamed, they can cause pain.


Question: What is the best way for children to avoid getting the flu?

Answer: The best way is to get a yearly vaccination. The CDC says all people 6 months and older should get one. Pregnant women and caregivers of children younger than 6 months or of children with certain health conditions should get the vaccine. Don't give aspirin to children or teenagers.


Question: How can you prepare for bone mineral density test?

Answer: She may recommend it if you meet any of the following: You're a woman 65 or older You're a postmenopausal woman 50 or older You're a woman at the age of menopause and have a high chance for breaking bones You're a woman who has already been through menopause, younger than 65, and have other things that give you a higher chance of osteoporosis You're a man 50 or older with other risk factors You break a bone after 50 You've lost more than 1.5 inches of your adult height Your posture has gotten more hunched You're having back pain without any cause Your periods have stopped or are irregular although you're neither pregnant nor menopausal You've gotten an organ transplant You've had a drop in hormone levels Some types of prescription drugs can cause bone loss. Don't take calcium supplements for 24 hours before the exam. The contrast dye could interfere with your bone density test. Avoid wearing clothes with metal zippers, belts, or buttons.


Question: What type of bone mineral density test is central dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)?

Answer: They are: Central DXA: This test looks at your spine and hip bones. It tends to be more accurate. They are also used for larger people who cannot get the central DXA because of weight limits.


Question: How does the bone mineral density test work?

Answer: The X-rays measure how much calcium and minerals are in a part of your bone. The more minerals you have, the better. That means your bones are stronger, denser, and less likely to break. The lower your mineral content, the greater your chance of breaking a bone in a fall. Based on how much the X-rays change after passing through your bones, it comes up with an image of your skeleton. Here's what the T score means: â -1 and above: Your bone density is normal â -1 to -2.5: Your bone density is low, and it may lead to osteoporosis â -2.5 and above: You have osteoporosis Z score: This allows you to compare how much bone mass you have compared with other people of your age, gender, and size.


Question: How do chiropractors treat ADHD?

Answer: It's based on the thought that the bones of the skull can become misaligned, causing unequal pressure on different parts of the brain. They say this causes the brain to work improperly. To treat it, the chiropractor does adjustments that put the skull bones back to their proper position. But most doctors believe the bones of the skull do not move, so they cannot be misaligned. Neurofeedback is based on findings that people with ADHD have more theta waves than other people.


Question: What is the Feingold diet and how does it help ADHD symptoms?

Answer: You may wonder if there's something besides medicine or behavior therapy you can do to help your child with ADHD. The Feingold Diet cuts out artificial colorings, flavorings, and preservatives to decrease hyperactivity. While most scientific studies have disproved Feingold's theory, some parents who have tried it say they noticed an improvement in their child's behavior.


Question: How does neurofeedback for ADHD work?

Answer: Neurofeedback teaches a person with ADHD how to change brain waves to focus better. Scientists can study these to look for patterns. When their brainwaves reach the right frequency, the health professional lets them know. Through training and practice, they can ultimately learn how to change brain waves on their own.


Question: What's the bottom line on the "Eat to Live" diet plan?

Answer: The Final Word This plan is ideal for vegans and veggie lovers who enjoy large volumes of raw and cooked produce. It requires lots of time in the kitchen and plenty of fresh produce, which can be costly. People who love sweets, dairy, meat, and eggs won't be satisfied on the plan. The absence of dairy during the first 6 weeks of the plan and limited amount of whole grains and oils, are a possible concern. Your doctor or a dietitian can let you know what you need to do to get all the vitamins and minerals you need while on this plan, especially during the strictest phase.


Question: What tests can screen for Cushingâs syndrome?

Answer: You can get Cushing's syndrome when there's too much cortisol in your body for too long. Your doctor will probably also recommend some of these tests to help screen for Cushing's syndrome if she suspects you have it: 24-hour urinary free cortisol test. This common test collects your urine for 24 hours to measure how much cortisol is in it. Dexamethasone suppression test . You'll take a low-dose steroid pill at 11:00 p.m. and then take a blood test in the morning to see how much cortisol your body still makes. Late-night salivary cortisol level. This test measures cortisol in your saliva.


Question: How should I take care of myself if I have Cushing's syndrome?

Answer: Most cases of Cushing's syndrome can be cured, though it may take some time for your symptoms to ease up. You can get Cushing's syndrome when there's too much cortisol in your body for too long. Let your family and friends know what you're going through. Ask for their support, and let them know how they can help. Take time for the people and activities you enjoy. It's OK to say no and set limits, so you keep your energy up. If you're feeling overwhelmed, talk to a counselor or therapist. Partner with your doctor on that, and tell your doctor how you're feeling.


Question: What are the symptoms of heel spurs?

Answer: Although heel spurs are often painless, they can cause heel pain. But heel spurs can be associated with intermittent or chronic pain -- especially while walking, jogging, or running -- if inflammation develops at the point of the spur formation. In general, the cause of the pain is not the heel spur itself but the soft-tissue injury associated with it. Many people describe the pain of heel spurs and plantar fasciitis as a knife or pin sticking into the bottom of their feet when they first stand up in the morning -- a pain that later turns into a dull ache. They often complain that the sharp pain returns after they stand up after sitting for a prolonged period of time.


Question: What are the side effects of palliative care for advanced prostate cancer?

Answer: One of the most important goals of palliative care is easing the physical symptoms of the cancer itself and any side effects from treatment. Your palliative care team may recommend exercise and other lifestyle changes that can give you more energy. They may also suggest drugs, changes in diet, physical therapy, or deep breathing to handle other side effects such as nausea, vomiting, trouble breathing, sleeping problems, and lack of appetite. Sometimes chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery are considered "palliative" because they ease pain by shrinking tumors. The goal of all of these is to make your life more comfortable.


Question: How can palliative care benefit patients with advanced prostate cancer?

Answer: Your primary care doctor may also be involved in the palliative care you get. One of the most important goals of palliative care is easing the physical symptoms of the cancer itself and any side effects from treatment. Experts can recommend support groups and counselors to help you manage depression, fear, and anxiety. They can also help you open the doors of communication with your partner to talk about sensitive issues like sex. Chaplains and other palliative care professionals can discuss spiritual or religious issues. They can even help you achieve lifelong goals. You may also be worried about having enough money and navigating the insurance maze. You might need legal advice about wills and advanced directives. Members of your palliative care team can offer assistance directly or can tell you where to get financial and legal help. They can also tackle transportation and housing issues if you have family members visiting from out of town. Palliative care can also help your family, friends, and caregivers manage their stress.


Question: Can a palliative care team help me with practical and family support for my prostate cancer?

Answer: When you have advanced prostate cancer, you can turn to palliative care to manage your symptoms and get the emotional support you need. Your primary care doctor may also be involved in the palliative care you get. Some of the prostate cancer symptoms you can get help with are: Trouble peeing or needing to pee often Problems with erections or ejaculation Loss of sex drive Pain in your lower back, hips, and upper thighs Different pain relief drugs can help, and palliative care specialists are trained to spend time to pick the right medicine for your needs. They can also help you open the doors of communication with your partner to talk about sensitive issues like sex.


Question: What side effects of  of prostate cancer treatment can palliative care help me with?

Answer: One of the most important goals of palliative care is easing the physical symptoms of the cancer itself and any side effects from treatment. Your palliative care team may recommend exercise and other lifestyle changes that can give you more energy. They may also suggest drugs, changes in diet, physical therapy, or deep breathing to handle other side effects such as nausea, vomiting, trouble breathing, sleeping problems, and lack of appetite.


Question: What is venous thromboembolism (VTE)?

Answer: But clotting can be a serious problem when it happens where it shouldn't, like in your veins, where a clot can cut off your blood flow. That's called a venous thromboembolism ( VTE). VTEs are dangerous, but they're treatable -- and there's a lot you can do to lower the odds you'll get one. It can cut off the flow of blood. This helps him see if there's a clot in your lungs.


Question: What are some grooming tips if you have Parkinson's disease?

Answer: Do all of your grooming (shaving, drying your hair, etc.) Use toothbrushes with built-up handles or use an electric toothbrush.


Question: What are cleaning tips for Parkinson's disease?

Answer: Also choose clothing that opens in the front, not the back so you don't have to reach behind you. Use a long-handled sponge or scrubbing brush. In the bathroom, use an elevated toilet seat and/or safety rails to assist standing from a low surface.


Question: What are tips for getting dressed if you have Parkinson's disease?

Answer: Roll from side to side to get pants over your hips. Wear clothes that are loose fitting and have elastic waistbands. Choose wrap-around clothing instead of the pullover type. Wear clothing with large, flat buttons, zippers, or Velcro closures. Use a button hook to button clothing. Use a dressing stick if you have shoulder weakness to get your coat or shirt on or off. Use a zipper pull or attach a leather loop on the end of the zipper to zip pants or jackets. Wear slip-on shoes or buy elastic shoelaces that allow you to slip your shoes on and off without untying the laces.


Question: What are the dos and don'ts for drops for treating dry eyes?

Answer: There are also steps you can take yourself to ease the scratchy, irritating symptoms of dry eyes. Wet the cloth often, so it stays warm. Cleaning your eyelids, as well as the surrounding skin and hair, can help get any lid inflammation under control. Your doctor can let you know if these would help or if you need something else. What doesn't work for dry eyes: drops that take away redness, which, over time, can irritate your eyes more.


Question: How can you get dry eyes?

Answer: But sometimes certain diseases, medications, or even just getting older causes your eyes to make fewer tears. Try these simple home remedies to find relief: Tears are made of oil, water, and mucus. Your eyes need all three parts to stay moist and healthy. Inflamed and flaky eyelids may clog the oil-making glands along the edge of your lid and lead to dry eye.


Question: How should I help a person with Alzheimer's disease eat?

Answer: If he wants to wear the same clothes every day, don't fight it. Keep mealtime simple and calm. Turn off the TV and radio. Move unneeded items off the table. If having many foods at once confuses him, serve one thing at a time. Use solid-colored plates on a contrasting place mat so it's easier to tell her food from her plate and her plate from the table. Be patient, and give him plenty of time to eat. As it becomes harder for him to eat on his own, try finger foods like tuna sandwiches, steamed broccoli pieces, or orange segments. If swallowing is hard for him, serve softer foods like applesauce, cottage cheese, and scrambled eggs.


Question: What are side effects of combination therapy (MEK and BRAF inhibitors) for treating metastatic melanoma?

Answer: Your melanoma is harder to treat when it spreads to other parts of your body. They shrink tumors and help some people live longer. Side effects include: Rash Diarrhea Swelling Some people take both MEK and BRAF inhibitors.


Question: What do I need to know about loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP)?

Answer: It has a wire loop on the end. An electric current heats the wire loop so your doctor can remove (excise) some cells and tissue on your cervix or in your vagina. Next, your doctor will put the LEEP tool through the speculum into your vagina and take out abnormal tissue.


Question: What are the side effects of certolizumab pegol (Cimzia) for Crohn's disease?

Answer: Rash Swelling Joint pain Upper respiratory tract infection Urinary tract infection What are other potential side effects? You may be more likely to get tuberculosis and sepsis. Your odds of getting other infections may be higher than most. Tell your doctor right away if you have an infection, or if you have a cough, fever, fatigue, or the flu. In rare cases, people get cancers like lymphoma. What are the most common side effects?


Question: How are infliximab (Remicade), infliximab-abda (Renflexis), and Infliximab-dyyb (Inflectra) used to treat Crohn's disease?

Answer: These drugs may ease symptoms of moderate to severe Crohn's disease. They may also help keep them from coming back. These are abnormal connections between parts of your intestines, or from the intestines to your organs or skin. They often become infected and drain pus, mucus, or stool. How they're given: Your doctor will give them to you through an IV.


Question: How are adalimumab (Humira) and adalimumab-atto (Amjevita) used to treat Crohn's disease?

Answer: These drugs may ease symptoms of moderate to severe Crohn's disease. They may also help keep them from coming back. How it's given: A shot under your skin What are the most common side effects?


Question: What are the side effects of natalizumab (Tysabri) for Crohn's disease?

Answer: Upper respiratory infections Urinary tract infections Headache Depression Fatigue Diarrhea Stomach pain Rash What are other potential side effects? This drug raises your odds of a rare but sometimes fatal brain infection called progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy ( PML). It can also cause allergic reactions and liver damage. What are the most common side effects?


Question: How are biologics used to treat Crohn's disease?

Answer: They target specific proteins in your body that cause inflammation. Your doctor may recommend this drug if you have moderate to severe Crohn's disease with signs of inflammation. If you take it, you can't use other biologics or drugs that block your immune system. Tell your doctor about all prescription and over-the-counter drugs, supplements, or natural remedies you take.


Question: What if your chronic fatigue syndrome is due to a virus?

Answer: The goal with these drugs is to get your sleep on track at the lowest possible dose in the shortest amount of time. But they are tricky for chronic fatigue syndrome. If that sounds like you, prescription drugs that might help.


Question: How do you recover from cervical disc surgery?

Answer: With cervical fusion surgery, the surgeon removes the damaged disc and places a bone graft (which is taken either from the patient's hip or from a cadaver) in the space between the vertebrae. You'll feel some pain in the area operated on, but it should ease over time. The fusion can take anywhere from three months to a year to become solid after surgery, and you could still have some symptoms during that time. Your doctor might recommend that you wear a cervical collar to support your neck for the first four to six weeks.


Question: I care for someone who has Parkinsonâs disease. What challenges am I likely to face?

Answer: This is a natural part of the disease. But it can make a caregiver feel that the person is being unnecessarily demanding or manipulative. While medications and surgery can provide significant relief of symptoms, they do not stop the progression of the disease. Depression is also very much a part of the disease. It is important to recognize the signs and symptoms of depression so you can help your loved one seek treatment promptly. Talk to your loved one face-to-face.


Question: I take care of someone with Parkinson's disease. What are tips on taking care of myself, too?

Answer: Take time for yourself. Learn as much as you can about your loved one's disease. Let your loved one participate. Don't try to do everything for your loved one. Although it's not easy to discuss these topics, you should be informed of your loved one's wishes regarding a living will, durable power of attorney, and do-not-resuscitate ( DNR) order. Set realistic goals for yourself and your loved one. Have someone you can talk to. And, if you are feeling depressed and having trouble coping, it's just as important to get care for yourself.


Question: How do you prevent worms in a dog?

Answer: Follow these simple steps to ward off worms: Make sure your vet checks your dog for all kinds of worms at least once a year (two to four times for puppies). Keep your dog flea-free. Get a prescription from your vet for the drug to prevent heartworms, and give it to your dog once a month. Ask your vet about an injection that can be given to your dog every six months, called Pro Heart. Clear your yard at least weekly and scoop up after your dog when you go for a walk. Wash your hands often, including after you pet animals and especially after picking up their waste.


Question: How does emphysema make you feel?

Answer: Your chest feels tight, you're out of breath much of the time, and you have a cough that won't go away. You may also experience wheezing.


Question: How can a chest X-ray or computed tomography (CT) scan help diagnose emphysema?

Answer: If you have advanced emphysema, your lungs will appear to be much larger than they should be. A CT scan of your chest will show if the air sacs (alveoli) in your lungs have been destroyed. These make it hard for you to breathe out like normal.


Question: Should I get bone tests if I have rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: They can swell and break down. A bone-density test can tell you if your bones are starting to weaken (osteopenia). This test uses X-rays to see how much calcium and other bone minerals are in your bones. Your spine, hips, and forearms are the most common areas tested. You'll need to take these for a long time, so talk to your doctor to see if they're right for you.


Question: Does rheumatoid arthritis (RA) cause inflammation that leads to osteoporosis?

Answer: They can swell and break down. That can weaken your bones around the joints affected by RA, like the joints in your hands. Our bodies are always making new bone to replace bone that breaks down. Your bones get weaker, and that leads to osteoporosis. Inflammation also may make it harder for your body to absorb nutrients it needs to keep your bones strong, like calcium or vitamin D. Pain makes you inactive: RA can make you feel stiff, achy, or so tired that you don't feel like getting off the couch.


Question: How can I eat and drink properly for stronger bones?

Answer: But they can make it harder for your body to absorb calcium and vitamin D in your diet. Enjoy low-fat dairy products or dark, leafy green veggies to get calcium from natural sources. Get vitamin D in egg yolks, ocean fish, and liver. You may need calcium or vitamin D supplements.


Question: Can breast cancer spread to other parts of the body?

Answer: This is called advanced breast cancer. You may also hear it called metastatic or stage IV disease. Although it's in other areas, it's still breast cancer and doctors treat it with breast cancer drugs. But once cancer has spread, the most common treatments are ones that travel through your blood to treat your whole body.


Question: What are the pros and cons of using aspartame as a sugar substitute?

Answer: The Scoop: The FDA says that more than 90 studies support its safety. It's a combo of two amino acids that provide sweetness with almost no calories. Some people have reported that aspartame gives them headaches or dizziness or affects their moods, but studies haven't linked those symptoms to aspartame. If you have phenylketonuria ( PKU), a rare metabolic disorder, avoid aspartame, because it contains phenylalanine.


Question: What are the pros and cons of using acesulfame potassium (Acesulfame-K or Ace-K) as a sugar substitute?

Answer: What It Is: Two hundred times sweeter than sugar, acesulfame potassium is a man-made, no-calorie sweetener. You can find it in tabletop packets as Sunett or Sweet One, or in sugar-free gum, light juices, and light ice cream. The Scoop: The FDA says that more than 90 studies support its safety. What It Is: Sucralose, also known by its brand name Splenda, has a tag line that it's âmade from sugarâ (which it is).


Question: What are the pros and cons of using stevia as a sugar substitute?

Answer: What It Is: This natural, no-calorie sweetener, made from a South American plant, has been around for centuries. It's now in sodas and sports drinks, as well as tabletop packets (usually green), liquid drops, dissolvable tablets, and spoonable products, as well as baking blends. The Scoop: Highly purified stevia extracts, which are what you find on the market, are generally recognized as safe. Some people find that stevia can have a metallic aftertaste. Whole-leaf stevia or crude stevia extracts aren't FDA-approved.


Question: How do doctors treat melanoma tumors?

Answer: In rare cases where basal cell or squamous cell carcinoma has begun to spread beyond the local skin site, the primary tumors are first removed surgically. The surgeon removes the tumor fully, along with a safe margin of surrounding tissue and possibly nearby lymph nodes. Neither radiation nor chemotherapy will cure advanced melanoma, but either treatment may slow the disease and relieve symptoms. Chemotherapy, sometimes in combination with immunotherapy -- such as interferon, interleukin-2 -- is generally preferred. If melanoma spreads to the brain, radiation is used to slow the growth and control symptoms. Proton therapy may be used, as well.


Question: Why would you take arginine?

Answer: Because it relaxes blood vessels, arginine might have cardiovascular benefits for some people. Some studies have shown an immune-boosting effect. It seems to improve the symptoms of kidney inflammation and assists kidney function after a transplant. They include dementia, hypertension, cancer, male infertility, diabetes, and obesity. But the results have been inconclusive.


Question: How much arginine should you take?

Answer: One common dosage is 2 to 3 grams three times a day, although lower and higher doses have also been studied. The safety of long-term arginine supplement use is not clear. Ask your doctor for advice. They could interact with birth control medicines, hormone therapy drugs, blood thinners, some painkillers, and medicines for erectile dysfunction, heartburn, high blood pressure, and diabetes.


Question: What is arginine?

Answer: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } Arginine, or L-arginine, is an amino acid that is made in the body. As a supplement, it seems to help with several conditions, from migraines to inflammation. Arginine has become a popular supplement in the U. S. However, most people seem to have enough arginine in their bodies already. People with protein malnutrition, burns, infections, rapid growth, and other conditions might benefit from supplemental arginine.


Question: What are tips on talking to someone if I have Alzheimer's disease?

Answer: Don't feel like you have to hurry or let other people rush you. Keep these tips in mind when you're trying to talk with others: Always take your time, and don't feel like you need to rush. If you need to, ask the person you're speaking with to repeat what she's saying or to speak slowly. Avoid distracting noises, and find a quiet place to talk.


Question: How do I avoid getting lost if I have Alzheimer's disease?

Answer: Take directions with you, even if you're going somewhere you've been before. Ask for help if you need it. If you want to, you can explain that you have a memory problem. Just because you no longer drive doesn't mean you won't be able to get where you need to go. Choose someone you trust to handle your finances should you no longer be able to.


Question: How can surgery help with treating chordee?

Answer: Surgery is the only effective treatment for chordee. The ideal time for chordee repair is before age 2. If chordee is detected prior to this time, surgery can usually repair chordee (and hypospadias, if present). If chordee is not diagnosed until adulthood, surgery can still be an effective treatment. Some men or older boys may require additional surgery to achieve a final repair of chordee.


Question: How are male sexual problems treated?

Answer: Many cases of sexual dysfunction can be corrected by treating the underlying physical or psychological problems. Medications: Medications, such as Cialis, Levitra, Staxyn, Stendra, or Viagra may help improve erectile function in men by increasing blood flow to the penis. Promescent is a drug used to treat premature ejaculation. Hormones: Men with low levelsof testosterone may benefit from testosterone replacement therapy. Mechanical aids: Aids such as vacuum devices and penile implants may help men with erectile dysfunction. Education and communication: Education about sex and sexual behaviors and responses may help a man overcome his anxieties about sexual performance.


Question: Can I prevent sexual dysfunction?

Answer: It also may be caused by psychological problems, such as anxiety and depression; medical illnesses, such as diabetes and high blood pressure; certain medications, including some antidepressants; and relationship difficulties. Increase communication with your partner. If you consistently experience sexual function problems, see your doctor for evaluation and treatment.


Question: Can psychological factors cause sexual problems for men?

Answer: Premature ejaculation, the most common form of sexual dysfunction in men, often is due to nervousness over how well he will perform during sex. It also may be caused by psychological problems, such as anxiety and depression; medical illnesses, such as diabetes and high blood pressure; certain medications, including some antidepressants; and relationship difficulties.


Question: What should you know about brown recluse spiders?

Answer: They tend to live in indoor and outdoor spaces where people don't go most of the time. If you do find yourself in the same place as one, though, it won't want to attack you -- it'll want to get out of your way. But if it feels trapped, it may bite you. !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } Brown recluse spiders are one of two spiders found in the United States that can cause real trouble if they bite you. They produce harmful venom that may cause a painful sore at the site of the bite. It may cause even more severe symptoms in some people. If you have a run-in with a brown recluse, it's wise to have a doctor check you out, just in case. Some people try to catch the bug to show the doctor.


Question: Which specialist can diagnose exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI)?

Answer: If you have cystic fibrosis, your doctor might want to test you for EPI. She may send you to a doctor who treats stomach diseases, called a gastroenterologist. This specialist will test you and recommend treatments that can help.


Question: How can chronic pancreatitis (CP) cause exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI)?

Answer: Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency ( EPI) is a condition that happens when there's a problem with your pancreas, mainly with how well it helps you digest food. Heavy alcohol use and smoking cause chronic pancreatitis, but some types of it also run in families. In this genetic disorder, your body makes a thick, sticky mucus that can block the pancreas and keep it from releasing enzymes.


Question: How does exercise help if you have summer depression?

Answer: Many studies have found that regular physical activity can help keep depression at bay. Start earlier in the morning or later in the evening, when it's not so hot. If an annual membership to a gym is too expensive, consider joining one for a couple of months just to get you through the summer. Or will it stretch your finances, stress you out, and make you fall behind at work? You keep asking yourself, â What's wrong with me?â Try not to think that way.


Question: Why should I not overdo dieting and fitness when I have summer depression?

Answer: Especially hard is that you feel like you're supposed to be having a great time. You may rely on unhealthy takeout because it's just too stifling to cook. Instead, exercise sensibly and eat moderately.


Question: How should I plan my summer vacation if I have summer depression?

Answer: â People are feeling more financially strapped. Before you book your plane tickets or load up your car's roof rack for your annual summer vacation, ask yourself this: Is this what you really want? Instead of taking a whole week off at once, might it be better to take off several long weekends spread out through the summer? Would taking time off but staying at home â a âstaycationâ â be more relaxing? Don't get locked into a vacation that won't feel like a vacation.


Question: How should I get help if I have summer depression?

Answer: Get help. Talk to a therapist, like a psychiatrist, psychologist, or social worker. Or see your general medical doctor or a psychiatrist who can evaluate whether medicines for depression might be appropriate. Never take the signs of depression lightly. Don't wait them out, assuming they'll resolve. Sometimes, what started as summer depression can turn into a longer-lasting bout of major depression, Cook tells Web MD.


Question: When might my doctor need to adjust my medicine for summer depression?

Answer: Start earlier in the morning or later in the evening, when it's not so hot. Talk to your doctor about adjusting your medication. If you're on medicine for depression, and you find that summer â year after year â makes your depression worse, talk to your doctor about changing your dosage.


Question: How common is summertime seasonal affective disorder (SAD) occur?

Answer: You've probably heard about seasonal affective disorder, or SAD, which affects about 4% to 6% of the U. S. population. SAD typically causes depression as the days get shorter and colder. But about 10% of people with SAD get it in the reverse -- the onset of summer triggers their depression symptoms. Specific symptoms of summer depression often include loss of appetite, trouble sleeping, weight loss, and anxiety.


Question: What should you do if you think you're having a heart attack?

Answer: Call for emergency help (dial 911 in most areas). Immediate treatment of a heart attack is very important to lessen the amount of damage to your heart. Symptoms of heart valve disease may include: Shortness of breath and/or difficulty catching your breath; you may notice this most when you are doing your normal daily activities or when you lie down flat in bed.


Question: What happens when you have both genital herpes and HIV?

Answer: Research shows that when the herpes virus is active, it may cause HIV to make more copies of itself (the process called replication) than it would otherwise. The more HIV replicates, the more of the body's infection-fighting cells it destroys, eventually leading to AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome). People infected with both HIV and the herpes virus may have longer-lasting, more frequent, and more severe outbreaks of herpes symptoms, because a weakened immune system can't keep the herpes virus under control as well as a healthy immune system can. If the virus is resistant, there are other possible treatment alternatives, including the drugs Foscarnet and cidofovir.


Question: What are other ways to be aroused when you have chronic pain?

Answer: Share your feelings and fears with your partner and listen to your partner's concerns. Fear of pain associated with sex: It is natural to worry that sexual intercourse will cause you more physical pain. If intercourse is undesirable, there are other ways to be aroused, including: Touching: Explore your partner's body through touch. This may include cuddling, fondling, stroking, massaging and kissing. Oral sex: This form of contact may be an alternative or supplement to traditional intercourse. Try different positions -- some may feel better than others.


Question: How can chronic pain cause problems with sex?

Answer: A healthy, intimate relationship can positively affect all aspects of your life. Share your feelings and fears with your partner and listen to your partner's concerns. Fear of failure to perform: Pain, depression, alcohol and medications all can affect sexual performance or the ability to get aroused or have an orgasm. Sometimes, failure to perform is caused by stress and anxiety. In many cases, patience and understanding can help in overcoming performance problems. Many medications can reduce your sexual ability and/or cause impotence. If you suspect a medication may be affecting your sexual performance, don't stop taking the drug without first consulting your health care provider. You can have a healthy and satisfying relationship in spite of chronic pain.


Question: Is rheumatoid arthritis related to other conditions?

Answer: When you have RA, you're more likely to have certain other conditions. You and your doctor can work together to treat them. It's related to inflammation.


Question: What is vasculitis and how is it related to rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: Treatment: The first step is to control inflammation. It's most common in advanced RA. The amount of damage depends on the size of the arteries. Inflammation of small and medium arteries, like those that lead to the fingertips and nails, can harm skin and tissues. When vasculitis hits larger arteries, it can lead to nerve damage, problems using your arms or legs, or damage to your internal organs.


Question: Is it possible for cervical cancer to come back after treatment?

Answer: It's impossible for your doctor to know how likely it is that your cancer will come back. In some cases, your chances of developing a second cancer could go up. It's possible to pass an increased risk of cervical cancer to your daughter, but it's not likely.


Question: Is it normal to be nervous about cervical cancer?

Answer: Maybe you just found out you have it, or maybe you've already been through treatments and don't know what comes next. It's normal to wonder what your future holds. Knowing the answers to some common questions can help you better understand your situation and make the best choices. Even if you've been treated for cervical cancer, that doesn't necessarily mean you can't get other types of cancers.


Question: What are some serious side effects of long-acting injectable drugs for schizophrenia?

Answer: You need to go to a doctor or a nurse, who uses a needle to put the medicine into your upper arm or buttocks. You'll need to make time for these appointments, and make sure you can get there and back safely. A serious side effect called post-injection delirium sedation syndrome affects less than 1% of people after taking olanzapine pamoate ( Zyprexa Relprevv), a long-acting medicine. It can cause dizziness, confusion, and movements you can't control, and it usually happens within an hour of getting a shot. Because of this small risk, you'll need to stay at your doctor's office for at least 3 hours after your shot so you can be watched for side effects.


Question: How do the side effects of long-acting injectable drugs for schizophrenia end?

Answer: If they do take it, they might stop as soon as their symptoms go away. Before you start taking a long-lasting drug, your doctor will probably prescribe the daily pill form first, so you can be sure it works well for you.


Question: What do studies suggest about long-acting schizophrenia drugs?

Answer: Or they may think they're well enough that they don't need them anymore. But a study from UCLA suggests that people who recently found out they have schizophrenia can benefit from long-acting drugs, too. In that study, those who got shots every two weeks were more likely to stick with their treatment plan than people who were prescribed daily pills. Very few of the people who got the shots -- just 5% -- had their symptoms come back, compared with 33% in the pill group.


Question: What are the problems with taking schizophrenia drugs every day?

Answer: But there's a catch: A lot of folks quit their meds. Sometimes they just forget to take them. That's where long-lasting drugs can help. You need to take them as a shot only once or twice a month. But since you take them every 2 to 4 weeks (or sometimes even as long as every 3 months) instead of every day, the medicine stays in your body longer. And because a health care professional has to give you the shot, it's easier for your doctor to know whether you're keeping up with your treatment.


Question: What is scleroderma?

Answer: Actually a group of more than 10 disorders, EDS is characterized by over-flexible joints, stretchy skin, and abnormal growth of scar tissue. Scleroderma. Systemic sclerosis also involves the blood vessels and major organs.


Question: How is biofeedback used as complementary medicine for the treatment of cancer?

Answer: Biofeedback: This technique uses sensors and a monitor to help you gain control over body functions that are normally automatic -- like your heart rate and breathing. It can ease your pain and anxiety and help you sleep better.


Question: How are supplements used as complementary medicine for the treatment of cancer?

Answer: Talk to your doctor before you try any complementary therapies. Yes, but it might cause mild side effects like aches and pains or a headache. Yes Supplements: These are vitamins, minerals, and herbs that you can take as a pill, tablet, capsule, or liquid. They may ease the symptoms of cancer or the side effects of treatment.


Question: How should complementary medicines be used alongside traditional cancer treatment?

Answer: Instead, you should use these therapies along with chemotherapy, radiation, surgery, and other treatments your doctor prescribed. Talk to your doctor before you try any complementary therapies. Even "natural" therapies can have side effects and interactions, just like medical treatments. Creative therapies: This type of treatment includes music, dance, and art.


Question: What is reflexology?

Answer: But talk to your doctor before you start if you have depression or anxiety. Yes Reflexology: You or a practitioner can apply pressure to your hands and feet to help you relax. It may help with pain and anxiety.


Question: How is fitness used as complementary medicine?

Answer: Fitness: This includes aerobic activity like walking, biking, swimming, strength training, and flexibility exercises such as yoga or tai chi. It also helps control your weight, which can make it less likely that your cancer will come back. It can also boost your mood.


Question: How can acupuncture and acupressure be used as complementary medicine for the treatment of cancer?

Answer: Acupuncture and acupressure: These techniques insert thin needles or apply pressure to certain points on your skin. They include pain at the needle site, fatigue, and infections. Talk to your doctor if you're taking blood thinners. Meditation can help with pain and nausea from cancer treatment. Are they safe?


Question: What types of influenza vaccine are available?

Answer: Because influenza is a serious threat, the CDC recommends vaccination for everyone 6 months of age and older and others at high risk of flu complications: Adults 65 and older Those with chronic medical conditions, such as diabetes and asthma Pregnant women People with a weakened immune system, like those with HIV/ AIDS The seasonal flu vaccine is available in three forms. This form is usually given as a single injection and is approved for people 6 months of age or older. Another form is given as a nasal spray called Flu Mist. This form of the vaccine is a live and weakened form of the flu and is approved for all healthy people 2-49 years of age who are not pregnant. If you are pregnant you can only receive the injectable form. There is also a âneedle-lessâ option for people 18-64 years old: the jet injector vaccine with Afluria, which uses a tool with high pressure to deliver the vaccine.


Question: What can you do to protect yourself from influenza other than getting vaccinated?

Answer: If you are vaccinated against three or more strains, you may still come down with flu, but symptoms are likely to be milder than they would have been had you not had an influenza vaccination. Here are more preventive measures you can take during flu season and to avoid getting swine flu: Wash your hands with soap and water, or use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer often. Quit smoking. The bad habit damages your respiratory tract. And watch the alcohol, since drinking, like smoking, can lower your resistance to infection in general. The virus is easily spread in the air. Keep up your resistance by following a good diet, drinking lots of fluids, and getting plenty of rest.


Question: What are personality disorders?

Answer: People with significant personality disorders generally also have poor coping skills and difficulty forming healthy relationships. Unlike people with anxiety disorders, who know they have a problem but are unable to control it, people with personality disorders generally are not aware that they have a problem and do not believe they have anything to control. Without treatment, people with this disorder can become even more uncomfortable in social situations, which can lead to greater isolation.


Question: What is psychotherapy for schizotypal personality disorder?

Answer: When they do seek treatment, it most often is due to a related disorder, such as depression or anxiety. Through treatment, people with this disorder can often be taught to recognize when they are distorting reality. The outlook generally improves for a person who is motivated to change and seeks and complies with treatment.


Question: How can schizotypal personality disorder be prevented?

Answer: People with this disorder might be at risk for developing anxiety or depression. However, assessing the risk for the disorder, such as having a family history of schizophrenia, might allow for early diagnosis and treatment.


Question: How can you get the flu?

Answer: But you can't catch the flu from the vaccine. You can also pick it up from touching a surface -- like the restaurant table where a sick person dined before you. Flu germs can linger on places like tables, counters, desks, doorknobs, and faucets for up to 8 hours. When you touch a germy surface and put your hands on your eyes, nose, or mouth, your fingers bring the virus right into your body.


Question: What is a placebo?

Answer: It could be a pill, a shot, or some other type of "fake" treatment. One problem with the placebo effect is that it can be difficult to distinguish from the actual effects of a real drug during a study.


Question: What is the typical dose of witch hazel?

Answer: These are typical dosages of witch hazel: By mouth: 2 grams of dried leaves three times daily or as a tea On the skin: 5 to 10 grams of leaf and bark simmered in 250 milliliters of water or undiluted As an alcohol extract (commonly available in pharmacies): Saturate a piece of cloth and apply to the affected area. Rectal area. By suppository,use 0.1 to 1 gram leaf and bark applied one to three times daily. When applied to anal area, witch hazel water may be applied up to six times a day or after bowel movements. But even children tend to tolerate it well on the skin.


Question: What are the risks of taking witch hazel?

Answer: People sometimes take witch hazel by mouth. But the evidence is thin on its use for other conditions. Witch hazel is relatively safe. If you use witch hazel in appropriate amounts, your risks are relatively minor. But if you take high doses by mouth, it may cause kidney or liver damage. Although witch hazel contains a known cancer-causing ingredient, there's likely no need for concern. The amounts are very small. Because studies are limited, avoid using witch hazel if you are pregnant or breastfeeding. Interactions. There aren't any known interactions with drugs, foods, or other herbs and supplements.


Question: How can I safely get the ultraviolet light my skin needs?

Answer: Also, the lack of humidity in the air outside and the dry heat in most buildings during the colder months can rob your skin of the moisture it needs. Definitely don't go running off to the tanning booth -- there are safer ways to get your psoriasis-easing ultraviolet rays. The medical use of light rays to treat psoriasis is known as phototherapy. A variety of options exist, which can be done in a doctor's office, psoriasis clinic, or even the comfort of your home. The form of light known as ultraviolet light B ( UVB) seems to be the most beneficial for treating psoriasis. Your doctor may prescribe a certain amount of UVB exposure depending on your symptoms. If your doctor does choose this form of light therapy for your psoriasis, ask whether you should consider purchasing a home UVB unit. Other phototherapy options for psoriasis treatment include the use of ultraviolet light A ( UVA) in conjunction with special medications that respond to these light rays. This is rarely used, however, because it can cause skin cancer. Looking for a reason to take a getaway to some tropical locale?


Question: Why do my psoriasis signs and symptoms get worse in the fall and winter?

Answer: Dry air and low levels of exposure to sunlight's ultraviolet rays likely cause worsening psoriasis symptoms during fall and winter. Also, the lack of humidity in the air outside and the dry heat in most buildings during the colder months can rob your skin of the moisture it needs. You may be able to alleviate dryness-related psoriasis symptoms by regularly moisturizing your skin and using a humidifier at home.


Question: What are the symptoms of ocular melanoma?

Answer: The cancer usually develops in the middle layer of the eyeball, which holds the blood vessels that feed your inner eye. You may not notice any symptoms at first. As a tumor grows, it can cause floating black spots, light flashes, or loss of eyesight. It sometimes changes the shape of your pupil (the dark circle in the middle of your eye). In other cases, the tumor forms on the iris, the part that gives your eye its color. If this happens, it's easier to spot early. Between 2% and 5% of people have a tumor in the conjunctiva -- the moist membrane that covers your eye.


Question: What is ocular melanoma?

Answer: Melanoma is a kind of cancer that develops in cells that give your skin, eyes, and hair their color. Melanoma usually shows up on the skin, but it also can happen in your eyes. When it does, doctors call it ocular melanoma. This is the most common form of eye cancer in adults, but it's still rare. Your odds of getting it are about 6 in 1 million. It can cause vision problems and can be serious if it spreads to other organs.


Question: How can you adjust your routine to help with psoriasis flare-ups?

Answer: But that doesn't mean you have to hide your skin in long pants. You can minimize and even conceal psoriasis patches on your legs. She may also recommend using an exfoliating salicylic acid cleanser a few times a week to remove extra flakes. Keep in mind that your legs may not be the same skin color as your face, so you may have to try different colors to see what works best at hiding your patches.