Question: Can you get rid of stretch marks?

Answer: And even though they'll never really go away, they might fade over time or with help from certain products and procedures.


Question: Can bitter almond oil help with stretch marks?

Answer: Bitter almond oil: One study showed that women who massaged bitter almond oil into the skin on their bellies during pregnancy did have fewer stretch marks than others who just used oil without massage.


Question: Can cocoa butter, shea butter, olive oil, vitamin E oil, and other moisturizers help with stretch marks?

Answer: Cocoa butter, shea butter, olive oil, vitamin E oil, and other moisturizers: These natural creams may help make your skin feel softer, but it isn't clear if they help or prevent stretch marks.


Question: Can Centella asiatica help with stretch marks?

Answer: Centella asiatica : This herbal oil boosts cells in your body that make collagen and build up skin tissue. Some peoples use it to help heal wounds. Centella asiatica is in a number of over-the-counter skin creams for stretch marks, but there's little proof it helps to fade them.


Question: Can collagen boosters help with stretch marks?

Answer: Collagen boosters: Stri Vectin- SD and lupin seed extracts are both supposed to increase collagen in your skin, but it's hard to say if they'll fade or prevent stretch marks.


Question: Can fractional CO2 laser therapy help get rid of stretch marks?

Answer: It may help your skin make more collagen: Pulsed dye laser therapy is a painless blast of light used on new, red stretch marks. One study showed that women's stretch marks faded after five sessions compared to others who used topical creams with glycolic acid and tretinoin.


Question: What causes stretch marks?

Answer: Your skin can't stretch enough to keep up. These long, thin, rippled marks are also called stria. Collagen is a protein that makes your skin more elastic. If your skin doesn't have enough, the marks may show up as it stretches. As your tummy grows to make room for a baby, your skin stretches.


Question: Who gets stretch marks?

Answer: Stretch marks are more common in women, especially during pregnancy. As your tummy grows to make room for a baby, your skin stretches. Hormones that surge when you're pregnant may also weaken skin fibers and cause stretch marks. Both women and men who are obese can get the marks. Even bodybuilders who have little fat can get them where their muscles bulge.


Question: What should I do before I see the doctor about bipolar disorder?

Answer: Before meeting with your doctor to clarify a diagnosis, it's helpful to write down the symptoms you notice that may reflect depression, hypomania, or mania. Particular attention should focus not just on mood but also changes in sleep, energy, thinking, speech, and behavior. It is also useful to get an in-depth family history from relatives before meeting with your doctor.


Question: What tests will the doctor use to make a bipolar diagnosis?

Answer: Before your visit, think about and record the following: Your mental and physical health concerns Symptoms you've noticed Unusual behaviors you've had Past illnesses Your family history of mental illness (bipolar disorder, depression, mania, seasonal affective disorder or SAD, or others) Medications you are taking now and in the past (bring all medications to your doctor's appointment) Natural dietary supplements you are taking (bring your supplements to your doctor's appointment) Your lifestyle habits (exercise, diet, smoking, alcohol consumption, recreational drug use) Your sleep habits Causes of stress in your life (marriage, work, relationships) Questions you may have about bipolar disorder Your doctor may have you fill out a mood questionnaire or checklist to help guide the clinical interview when he or she assesses mood symptoms. In addition, your doctor may order blood and urine tests to rule out other causes of your symptoms. In a toxicology screening, blood, urine, or hair are examined for the presence of drugs.


Question: Do other illnesses mimic symptoms of bipolar disorder?

Answer: Some non psychiatric illnesses, such as thyroid disease, lupus, HIV and other infections, and syphilis, may have signs and symptoms that mimic those of bipolar disorder. An example is mood or behavior changes caused by steroid medications like prednisone (used to treat inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and asthma, musculoskeletal injuries, or other medical problems).


Question: What snacks are heart-healthy?

Answer: Margarine, trans-fat-free Nonfat cooking sprays Nonhydrogenated shortening Oils, olive and canola Replacements for fat when baking, such as applesauce, fruit puree, or yogurt Salad dressings, reduced-fat or nonfat Snacks: Stock your pantry with nuts, dried fruit, and whole wheat products for snacks and meals. Nuts and seeds, assorted, raw (almonds, walnuts, sunflower seeds, sesame seeds) Breads, tortillas, pitas, whole-grain Crackers, whole-grain, trans-fat-free Dried fruits Popcorn cakes or brown rice cakes Popcorn, plain or light microwave Pretzels, whole-grain Tortilla chips, baked, trans-fat-free Spices vs. Salt: Too much salt drives up your blood pressure.


Question: How can belsomra (suvorexant) treat insomnia?

Answer: Belsomra (suvorexant) is the first approved orexin receptor antagonist. Orexins are chemicals that are involved in regulating the sleep-wake cycle and play a role in keeping people awake. Belsomra alters the action of orexin in the brain.


Question: What medications can help with treating short-term insomnia?

Answer: Short-term insomnia, often caused by travel or stress, usually improves once the stress is removed or after your body has adjusted to the new schedule. Short-term use of over-the-counter sleep remedies may help. Chronic insomnia, which disrupts sleep for extended periods of time, may call for a thorough physical exam, alteration of some lifestyle habits, medical treatment, and, perhaps, psychotherapy to identify a hidden cause. It is most important to treat any problem that is producing insomnia symptoms. Just treating insomnia symptoms without dealing with the main cause will not be helpful.


Question: Can yoga and meditation help with insomnia?

Answer: Mind/ Body Medicine Meditation, yoga, and biofeedback may reduce tension and promote better sleep. Visualization or guided imagery, during which you hold a peaceful image in your mind before bedtime, can also be an effective path to relaxation. You can learn these techniques from an instructor, online sites, a how-to book, or an instructional tape.


Question: How can doxepin (Silenor) treat insomnia?

Answer: Doxepin ( Silenor) is approved for treating people who have trouble staying asleep. Silenor may help with sleep maintenance by blocking histamine receptors. Do not take this drug unless you are able to get a full seven or eight hours of sleep. Dosage is based on your medical condition, age, and response to therapy.


Question: How can sedatives treat my insomnia?

Answer: Sleep Medications Benzodiazepine sedatives such as triazolam ( Halcion), estazolam, lorazepam ( Ativan), temazepam ( Restoril), flurazepam, and quazepam ( Doral) and non-benzodiazepine sedatives such as zolpidem ( Ambien, Intermezzo), eszopiclone ( Lunesta), and zaleplon ( Sonata) are drugs that can help induce sleep. However, these medicines may be addictive with extended use. Also they can be dangerous if you take them with alcohol or other drugs that depress the central nervous system. They can cause morning sleepiness, although side effects are generally less severe with the non-benzodiazepines. A prescription oral spray called Zolpimist, which contains Ambien's active ingredient, can be used for short-term treatment of insomnia.


Question: How can antidepressant drugs treat insomnia?

Answer: Antidepressant drugs may be used in people with depression to help with sleep. They are not approved for the treatment of insomnia. These may cause daytime sleepiness or other side effects.


Question: How can exercise treat insomnia?

Answer: Exercise Moderate exercise can help you sleep better and give you more energy while awake. Aim for a 20- to 30-minute routine three or four times a week. Tailor the workout to your physical condition, and exercise in the morning or afternoon, not close to bedtime. Check with your doctor about how much and what type of exercise is right for you.


Question: How can antihistamines help with treating insomnia?

Answer: Over-the-counter sleep drugs usually contain an antihistamine. Antihistamines are often used for allergies, but they have a side effect of drowsiness. These medications may cause daytime sleepiness and dry mouth along with other side effects.


Question: How can ramelteon (Rozerem) treat insomnia?

Answer: Ramelteon ( Rozerem) is an insomnia medication that works differently than the other sedative medications. It is less likely to cause morning sleepiness or to be addictive. If you're a habitual insomniac and trying to get to sleep just makes you more anxious and awake, try these alternative choices to help reduce your worry about sleep while relaxing your body and mind.


Question: What relaxation techniques can help with treating insomnia?

Answer: Doxepin ( Silenor) is approved for treating people who have trouble staying asleep. Breathing exercises can promote relaxation. Here's a routine you can do anywhere, anytime: Exhale completely through your mouth. Inhale through your nose to a count of four. Hold your breath for a count of seven. Exhale through your mouth for a count of eight. Repeat the cycle three times.


Question: What good sleep habits can help with insomnia?

Answer: Good Sleep Habits Be sure your bedroom is quiet and dark. Also, these steps are important: Try to keep a regular sleep schedule. Avoid heavy meals, smoking, alcohol, or caffeine near bedtime. Keep the bedroom reserved for sleep and sex only. If you wake up at night and can't go back to sleep, remain quiet and relaxed. Be patient; sleep usually returns. Remember, a few nights of poor sleep do no long-term harm. Even if you toss and turn trying to get to sleep, you are probably getting more periods of sleep than you think.


Question: What is the treatment for insomnia?

Answer: Treatment for insomnia may involve nonmedical therapy, such as developing better sleep habits or psychotherapy, and sometimes medications. If a medical condition like diabetes or menopause is causing your insomnia, treating those conditions may help. If insomnia is a side effect of a medication, changing the medication or its timing or reducing the dose may help. Always talk to your health care provider before making changes to any medications you are taking. Doxepin ( Silenor) is approved for treating people who have trouble staying asleep.


Question: What do the results of a Dix-Hallpike test for vertigo mean?

Answer: If the Dix- Hallpike test didn't trigger any symptoms, your doctor may want to do other tests to figure out what's causing your issues. If it did, your doctor may move your head in certain ways to help get the crystals out of your semicircular canals and into a place where they can be reabsorbed. Your doctor may teach you these movements so that you can do them at home if needed. BPPV often goes away on its own, but it can come back.


Question: What are the symptoms of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)?

Answer: Vertigo is the sudden feeling that you or your surroundings are spinning. Along with that spinning feeling, you also might have: Dizziness or lightheadedness A loss of balance or unsteadiness Unusual or repetitive eye movements A hard time concentrating Nausea or vomiting You'll probably have these when you move your head up and down or get in and out of bed. They typically last less than a minute.


Question: What is a Dix-Hallpike test?

Answer: They help you sense motion and keep your balance. BPPV happens when a tiny crystal of calcium breaks free from the wall of one of these canals and moves into the canal. That can cause vertigo or make you feel like you're moving when you're not. Along with that spinning feeling, you also might have: Dizziness or lightheadedness A loss of balance or unsteadiness Unusual or repetitive eye movements A hard time concentrating Nausea or vomiting You'll probably have these when you move your head up and down or get in and out of bed. If the Dix- Hallpike test didn't trigger any symptoms, your doctor may want to do other tests to figure out what's causing your issues.


Question: What are the causes of rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: You may have: Hand pain, finger pain, swelling, and stiffness Hand joints and finger joints that are warm and tender to the touch The same joints affected on both sides of your body (both wrists, for instance) Misshapen finger joints Carpal tunnel symptoms such as numbness and tingling of the hands Fatigue Pain and stiffness that last for more than an hour when you wake up Scientists don't know what causes RA precisely. Most experts feel that a genetically predisposed person is exposed to a triggering event ( like an infection) that starts the chronic inflammation. Hormones may also play a role. For instance, RA is more common in women than in men. It tends to improve with pregnancy. But it may get worse after the baby is born.


Question: Are there different types of drugs for rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: Your doctor will make a plan based on your needs, including: Medications Rest and exercise Splints and special arthritis aids that take pressure off of painful joints Managing stress Avoiding foods that trigger inflammation Eating foods that curb inflammation, such as omega-3 fatty acids found in fish such as salmon or in flax oil Regular medical checkups Physical therapy Surgery if joints are severely damaged There are different types of drugs for RA. You would take some of them for pain and others to slow or stop the disease.


Question: Can moist heat or ice help rheumatoid arthritis pain?

Answer: Both of these simple methods can ease RA pain and stiffness. Use a warm, moist compress (or towel or heating pad) on your fingers and hands for 15 minutes before you exercise. To reduce swelling, use ice packs. Put an ice pack on the painful joint for 10 to 15 minutes at a time. You may want to switch between moist heat and ice packs. Experiment to find out what works best for you, and then make it part of your routine before and after exercise.


Question: What is the treatment for a swan-neck deformity caused by rheumatoid arthritis (RA)?

Answer: Treatment may include: Finger splints or ring splints Surgery to realign the joints or fuse the joints so they work better Boutonniere deformity, also called buttonhole deformity, can happen due to rheumatoid arthritis.


Question: Can moist heat or ice help rheumatoid arthritis (RA) pain?

Answer: Both of these simple methods can ease RA pain and stiffness. Use a warm, moist compress (or towel or heating pad) on your fingers and hands for 15 minutes before you exercise. To reduce swelling, use ice packs. Put an ice pack on the painful joint for 10 to 15 minutes at a time. You may want to switch between moist heat and ice packs. Experiment to find out what works best for you, and then make it part of your routine before and after exercise.


Question: Are regular exercises used to treat rheumatoid arthritis to make the hands and fingers more flexible?

Answer: Regular exercise is very important to make your hands and fingers more flexible. You also need to rest painful joints. It helps to use hand or finger splints to ease pressure if your RA flares up. To exercise your hands and fingers, you can use a soft foam ball like a Nerf ball (not a hard tennis ball). Squeeze it and then relax your hand muscles.


Question: What is boutonniere deformity?

Answer: Treatment may include: Finger splints or ring splints Surgery to realign the joints or fuse the joints so they work better Boutonniere deformity, also called buttonhole deformity, can happen due to rheumatoid arthritis. The middle finger joint will bend toward the palm while the outer finger joint may bend opposite the palm. It may be the result of chronic inflammation of the finger's middle joint. Treatment may include splinting to keep the middle joint extended. Some cases need surgery.


Question: How do doctors design a treatment plan for rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: Your doctor will make a plan based on your needs, including: Medications Rest and exercise Splints and special arthritis aids that take pressure off of painful joints Managing stress Avoiding foods that trigger inflammation Eating foods that curb inflammation, such as omega-3 fatty acids found in fish such as salmon or in flax oil Regular medical checkups Physical therapy Surgery if joints are severely damaged There are different types of drugs for RA.


Question: What is the treatment for rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: Treatment may include: Finger splints or ring splints Surgery to realign the joints or fuse the joints so they work better Boutonniere deformity, also called buttonhole deformity, can happen due to rheumatoid arthritis.


Question: How can I ease hand and finger joint pain from rheumatoid arthritis (RA)?

Answer: Regular exercise is very important to make your hands and fingers more flexible. You also need to rest painful joints. It helps to use hand or finger splints to ease pressure if your RA flares up. To exercise your hands and fingers, you can use a soft foam ball like a Nerf ball (not a hard tennis ball). Squeeze it and then relax your hand muscles.


Question: What is swan-neck deformity and how is it related to rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer: Rheumatoid arthritis ( RA) can affect any joint in your body, including those in your hands and fingers. It tends to improve with pregnancy. The middle finger joint will bend toward the palm while the outer finger joint may bend opposite the palm. It may be the result of chronic inflammation of the finger's middle joint.


Question: What devices can help with your hand and finger pain due to rheumatoid arthritis (RA)?

Answer: Try a long-handled shoehorn to put on your shoes so you don't have to bend over and stretch your hands. Use lightweight household utensils, pots, pans, cups, and dishes. Put foam padding around your pen or pencil. These are available at most office supply stores. Put an ice pack on the painful joint for 10 to 15 minutes at a time.


Question: What do people with schizophrenia look like?

Answer: Physical findings can relate to the symptoms associated with schizophrenia or to medications the person may be taking.


Question: What is a psychiatric evaluation for schizophrenia?

Answer: A doctor will also complete a psychiatric evaluation in which he or she will ask the patient or the patient's family or both a series of questions regarding the patient's symptoms and psychiatric history.


Question: What complications can happen from medications for schizophrenia?

Answer: It does not always go away, even when the medicine that caused it is discontinued, but it can be treated with deutetrabenazine ( Austedo) or valbenazine ( Ingrezza).. A rare, but life-threatening complication resulting from the use of neuroleptic (antipsychotic, tranquilizing) drugs is neuroleptic malignant syndrome ( NMS). It involves extreme muscle rigidity, sweatiness, salivation, and fever. If this is suspected, it should be treated as a medical emergency. Some drugs can trigger a decreased immune response, reflected by a low number of white blood cells in the blood.


Question: Will my cold go away if I ignore it?

Answer: You can't ignore a cold. When you get sick, you have to take care of yourself. Your body needs extra energy when it fights an infection. If you try to push through a cold, especially if you have a fever, you'll exhaust yourself. That could make your symptoms worse.


Question: Can drinking alcohol make my cold worse?

Answer: Too much of it leaves you dehydrated and makes symptoms like congestion worse. Alcohol puts a damper on your immune system. And it might mix badly with cold medications you're taking. So until you feel better, it's best to lay off the booze.


Question: Can smoking make my colds worse?

Answer: Still, smokers get more colds than non-smokers. Their symptoms are also worse and they last longer. Lighting up damages cells in your lungs, which makes it harder for you to fight off a cold. If you're sick, don't smoke -- and don't let anyone around you do it either.


Question: Can decongestant sprays make my cold worse?

Answer: They may work well at first. But if you use them for more than 3 days, your stuffy nose will get worse when you stop.


Question: Can stress make you get a cold?

Answer: It can make you more likely to get a cold. Over time, high levels of stress hormones can stop your immune system from working normally.


Question: Can not getting enough sleep make my cold worse?

Answer: One study shows that sleeping less than 7 hours a night almost triples your risk of catching a cold in the first place. If you have a cold and your symptoms are keeping you up at night, go to bed earlier or take naps during the day. Alcohol puts a damper on your immune system.


Question: Can not drinking enough fluids make my cold worse?

Answer: When you get sick, you have to take care of yourself. Just about any liquid will help. Water, juice, hot tea, and soup are all good. Even milk is OK, despite what you may have heard. The idea that it causes mucus buildup is a myth. Lighting up damages cells in your lungs, which makes it harder for you to fight off a cold.


Question: How is restless legs syndrome related to ADHD?

Answer: Studies show some link between sleep disruption and ADHD and restless legs syndrome ( RLS) and ADHD. With restless legs syndrome, there is a creeping, crawling sensation in the legs and sometimes in the arms. This sensation creates an irresistible urge to move. Restless legs syndrome causes sleep disruption and daytime sleepiness.


Question: How do people with restless legs syndrome feel?

Answer: People with restless legs syndrome and related sleep disruption may feel inattentive, moody, and/or hyperactive -- which can all be symptoms of ADHD. Some researchers believe that people with restless legs syndrome and some people with ADHD may have a common problem related to the brain chemical dopamine. However, not everyone with ADHD has restless legs syndrome.


Question: How can a child with ADHD get good sleep?

Answer: Be a "no caffeine" family. Watch for hidden caffeine in your child's diet. Keep caffeinated beverages and foods out of your kitchen. Be consistent. Have a consistent, daily routine with specific bedtimes, waking times, meals, and family times. Screen out sounds. If your child is bothered by noises while sleeping, use a "white noise" machine that makes a humming sound. Get ear plugs for kids who are extra-sensitive to noise. Keep your child's bedroom dark during sleep. Exposure to light can interfere with the body's natural production of melatonin. Avoid sleep medications. If medications are absolutely necessary, talk to your child's doctor first. Consider medical problems. Allergies, asthma , or conditions that cause pain can disrupt sleep. If your child snores loudly and/or pauses in breathing, consult your doctor. Difficulty with sleep can also be a symptom of anxiety and depression. Make sure your child gets daily exercise. Avoid exercising right before bedtime. Studies show that regular exercise helps people sleep more soundly. Give your child a warm bath before bedtime. Sleep usually follows the cooling phase of the body's temperature cycle. After your child takes a bath, keep the temperature in their bedroom cool to see if it helps. Avoid watching TV, playing violent video games, and roughhousing before bedtime. It's too stimulating. Review your child's medications. Let your doctor know about your child's sleep problems. Ask your doctor if you can give the morning dose of ADHD medication earlier in the day, or if shorter-acting medications might help.


Question: What is sleep apnea and what causes it?

Answer: People with sleep apnea have brief episodes when they stop breathing, though they don't know it. These episodes can happen frequently throughout the night. Enlarged tonsils and adenoids are the most common causes of sleep apnea in children. But obesity and chronic allergies can also be a cause. As with adults, children with sleep apnea will be tired during the day. They may have problems concentrating and might have other symptoms related to lack of sleep. For instance, they may be irritable.


Question: How is snoring related to ADHD?

Answer: Large tonsils and adenoids can partially block the airway at night. This can cause snoring and poor sleep. That, in turn, may lead to attention problems the next day. In one study of 5- to 7-year-olds, snoring was more common among children with mild ADHD than in the other children. In another study, kids who snored were almost twice as likely as their peers to have ADHD. However, that doesn't prove that snoring caused ADHD. Children who snore tend to score worse on tests of attention, language abilities, and overall intelligence. Some studies have shown that taking out the tonsils and adenoids may result in better sleep and improved behavior without the need for medications.


Question: How do doctors treat sleep apnea in children?

Answer: Enlarged tonsils and adenoids are the most common causes of sleep apnea in children. Your pediatrician or an ear, nose, and throat specialist can determine whether your child's tonsils are enlarged enough to possibly block the airway and cause sleep apnea. To confirm the diagnosis, the child may get a sleep study that's done in a special laboratory. Not every child with enlarged tonsils or with loud snoring has sleep apnea. Surgery is the treatment of choice for kids with enlarged tonsils and adenoids. Other treatments are available for those with restricted nighttime breathing due to allergies or other causes.


Question: How are antibiotics used to treat blocked hair follicles?

Answer: A few types of meds can treat blocked sweat glands: If you have an infection, antibiotics can treat it and prevent new breakouts. You take them by mouth or rub them on your skin. You may need to keep taking them for a few months until your skin clears.


Question: How can laser therapy and cryosurgery be used to treat blocked hair follicles?

Answer: Laser therapy and cryosurgery are promising treatments for HS. They use beams of light or cold gases to destroy the hair follicles that get infected and remove HS bumps. Some people's breakouts clear up after a few treatments.


Question: How is skin graft surgery used to treat blocked hair follicles?

Answer: Another type of surgery removes the lumps and some of the skin around them. It can leave a deeper wound, so your doctor will also take a piece of skin from somewhere else on your body to cover it. This is called a skin graft. The bumps will not come back in the same spot, but you can still get new breakouts in other places.


Question: When is surgery needed for blocked hair follicles?

Answer: If the bumps have grown deep into your skin, medicine may not be enough to clear them up. In that case, you might need surgery at your doctor's office or a hospital. The doctor can cut open and drain a few of the bumps at a time. This procedure helps for a while, but the nodules (bumps) can form again. In that case, you might need the surgery again.


Question: How are steroids used to treat blocked hair follicles?

Answer: Steroids relieve swelling and pain. They can clear up the bumps you have and stop new ones from forming. Your doctor might give you steroids in a shot, or you can take them as a pill.


Question: What biologic drugs can be used to treat blocked hair follicles?

Answer: Three more -- anakinra ( Kineret), canakinumab ( Ilaris), and ustekinumab ( Stelara) -- may also help in severe cases of HS, but more research is needed.


Question: What is an upper endoscopy test for gastroparesis?

Answer: Upper endoscopy: Your doctor will pass a thin tube (called an endoscope) down your throat to view the lining of your stomach.


Question: How is barium beefsteak meal used to diagnose gastroparesis?

Answer: Barium beefsteak meal: You eat a meal with barium in it, and the doctor uses an X-ray to watch how long it takes you to digest the food. That tells your doctor how quickly your stomach empties.


Question: How is electrogastrography used to diagnose gastroparesis?

Answer: Electrogastrography: During this test, you wear electrodes on your skin to measure electrical activity in your stomach.


Question: How is a gastric manometry used to diagnose gastroparesis?

Answer: Gastric manometry: Your doctor guides a thin tube through your mouth and into your stomach. It measures how quickly you digest food.


Question: How is gastroparesis diagnosed?

Answer: Your doctor will ask about your symptoms. He'll also do a physical exam, and he may check your blood sugar. He might also suggest other tests.


Question: How is a barium x-ray used to diagnose gastroparesis?

Answer: Barium X-ray: You drink a liquid (barium), which coats your esophagus, stomach, and small intestine and shows up on X-rays. This test is also known as an upper GI (gastrointestinal) series or a barium swallow.


Question: What is a wireless motility capsule for gastroparesis?

Answer: Wireless motility capsule: You swallow this tiny device with a meal. It measures the pressure, temperature, and p H of different parts of your gut.


Question: What are complications of gastroparesis?

Answer: You may have: Heartburn or reflux (backup of stomach contents into the esophagus) Nausea Vomiting (in severe cases, this may happen daily) Trouble controlling blood sugar Feeling full quickly when eating Abdominal bloating Poor appetite and weight loss Food that stays in your stomach too long can spoil and lead to the growth of bacteria. Undigested food can harden and form a lump called a bezoar. It can block your stomach and keep what you eat from moving into the small intestine. Gastroparesis can make it hard to control diabetes. When food finally does leave your stomach and enters the small intestine, your blood sugar goes up, too. Throwing up can also leave you dehydrated.


Question: What is a gastric manometry test for gastroparesis?

Answer: Gastric manometry: Your doctor guides a thin tube through your mouth and into your stomach. It measures how quickly you digest food.


Question: What are the symptoms of gastroparesis?

Answer: You may have: Heartburn or reflux (backup of stomach contents into the esophagus) Nausea Vomiting (in severe cases, this may happen daily) Trouble controlling blood sugar Feeling full quickly when eating Abdominal bloating Poor appetite and weight loss Food that stays in your stomach too long can spoil and lead to the growth of bacteria.


Question: What is gastroparesis?

Answer: One of those is the vagus nerve, which controls how quickly your stomach empties. When it's damaged, your digestion slows down and food stays in your body longer than it should. This is a condition called gastroparesis. It can make you feel queasy and vomit. It's also bad for your blood sugar levels.


Question: What complications can you get from gastroparesis related to diabetes?

Answer: You may have: Heartburn or reflux (backup of stomach contents into the esophagus) Nausea Vomiting (in severe cases, this may happen daily) Trouble controlling blood sugar Feeling full quickly when eating Abdominal bloating Poor appetite and weight loss Food that stays in your stomach too long can spoil and lead to the growth of bacteria. Undigested food can harden and form a lump called a bezoar. It can block your stomach and keep what you eat from moving into the small intestine. Gastroparesis can make it hard to control diabetes. When food finally does leave your stomach and enters the small intestine, your blood sugar goes up, too. Throwing up can also leave you dehydrated.


Question: How is an upper endoscopy used to diagnose gastroparesis?

Answer: Upper endoscopy: Your doctor will pass a thin tube (called an endoscope) down your throat to view the lining of your stomach.


Question: How is an ultrasound used to diagnose gastroparesis?

Answer: Ultrasound: The doctor uses sound waves to show the inside of your body.


Question: What are the symptoms of gastroparesis related to diabetes?

Answer: You may have: Heartburn or reflux (backup of stomach contents into the esophagus) Nausea Vomiting (in severe cases, this may happen daily) Trouble controlling blood sugar Feeling full quickly when eating Abdominal bloating Poor appetite and weight loss Food that stays in your stomach too long can spoil and lead to the growth of bacteria.


Question: What procedures are done to help with gastroparesis?

Answer: It may also prevent nausea and vomiting.


Question: What happens if I get a feeding tube for gastroparesis?

Answer: In extreme cases, you may need a feeding tube. A surgeon will put a special tube through your abdominal wall directly into your small intestine. You "eat" specially made liquid meals through the tube instead of food going through your stomach.


Question: What is a radioisotope gastric-emptying scan?

Answer: Radioisotope gastric-emptying scan: You eat food that has a radioactive substance in it. Then you lie under a scanner that detects the radiation. If the scan shows that more than half of the meal is still in your stomach after 1.5 hours, you have gastroparesis.


Question: Is there a cure for gastroparesis?

Answer: When you have diabetes, one of the best ways to help control the symptoms of gastroparesis is to vary when and how you eat.


Question: How is wireless motility capsule used to diagnose gastroparesis?

Answer: Wireless motility capsule: You swallow this tiny device with a meal. It measures the pressure, temperature, and p H of different parts of your gut.


Question: How is a radioisotope gastric-emptying scan used to diagnose gastroparesis?

Answer: Radioisotope gastric-emptying scan: You eat food that has a radioactive substance in it. Then you lie under a scanner that detects the radiation. If the scan shows that more than half of the meal is still in your stomach after 1.5 hours, you have gastroparesis.


Question: What is an electrogastrography test for gastroparesis?

Answer: Electrogastrography: During this test, you wear electrodes on your skin to measure electrical activity in your stomach.


Question: What can you do to treat gastroparesis?

Answer: Controlling your blood sugar helps. Ask your doctor if you should change when and how often you use insulin, and check your sugar levels more often. Also, talk with your doctor about whether you should stop or change medications that might worsen gastroparesis. These include antidepressants, high blood pressure drugs, and certain diabetes treatments.


Question: What medications can help with gastroparesis?

Answer: Erythromycin, an antibiotic, also helps your stomach to move food out. Metoclopramide ( Reglan) makes your stomach muscles to move, which helps food leave your system. It may also prevent nausea and vomiting. Ondansetron ( Zofran) blocks chemicals in your brain and stomach that cause nausea and vomiting. Prochlorperazine ( Compazine) helps control nausea and vomiting. Liquids and things that are easy to digest are a good idea.


Question: How can diabetes affect your stomach?

Answer: One of those is the vagus nerve, which controls how quickly your stomach empties. When it's damaged, your digestion slows down and food stays in your body longer than it should. This is a condition called gastroparesis. It can make you feel queasy and vomit. It's also bad for your blood sugar levels. Although it's more common in people with type 1 diabetes, people with type 2 can also get it. Most people with gastroparesis have had diabetes for at least 10 years and also have other complications related to the disease. It measures the pressure, temperature, and p H of different parts of your gut.


Question: How can you change your diet to control the symptoms of gastroparesis?

Answer: Gastroparesis can make it hard to control diabetes. Instead of three times a day, you can have six small meals. You'll have less food in your stomach, so you won't feel as full. It'll be easier for the food to leave your system, too. Liquids and things that are easy to digest are a good idea. For example, choose applesauce instead of whole apples. Avoid foods that are high in fat, which can slow down digestion. Watch out for fiber, which takes longer for your body to process.


Question: How are extreme cases of gastroparesis treated?

Answer: You may have: Heartburn or reflux (backup of stomach contents into the esophagus) Nausea Vomiting (in severe cases, this may happen daily) Trouble controlling blood sugar Feeling full quickly when eating Abdominal bloating Poor appetite and weight loss Food that stays in your stomach too long can spoil and lead to the growth of bacteria. A surgeon will put a special tube through your abdominal wall directly into your small intestine. You "eat" specially made liquid meals through the tube instead of food going through your stomach.


Question: How can surgery help with treating refractory epilepsy?

Answer: If you still have seizures after trying two or three anti-epilepsy drugs, your doctor might recommend brain surgery. It can help a lot if your epilepsy only affects one side of your brain. Doctors call that refractory partial epilepsy.


Question: What questions will your doctor ask to diagnose refractory epilepsy?

Answer: When you have a seizure, you may also: Black out Lose control of your bowels or bladder Stare into space Fall down suddenly Get stiff muscles Bite your tongue Your doctor has several ways to diagnose refractory epilepsy. They may ask you questions such as: How often do you have seizures? Do you ever skip doses of your medicine? Does epilepsy run in your family? Do you still have seizures after taking medicine?


Question: Can a ketogenic diet help with treating refractory epilepsy?

Answer: The ketogenic diet helps some people with epilepsy. It's a high-fat, low-protein, low-carb diet. You have to start it in a specific way and follow it strictly, so you need a doctor's supervision. Your doctor will watch closely to see whether or when you can lower any of your medication levels. Because the diet is so specific, you may need to take vitamin or mineral supplements. Doctors aren't sure why the ketogenic diet works, but some studies show that children with epilepsy who stay on the diet have a better chance of reducing their seizures or their medications.


Question: How does electrical stimulation work in treating refractory epilepsy?

Answer: Your doctor may also put a device under your skin that sends electrical signals to one of your nerves, called the vagus nerve. After it's done, you'll probably need to stay in an intensive care unit of the hospital for a few days. Talk to your doctor about any side effects you might have from the surgery. Vagus nerve stimulation ( VNS). The doctor puts a device that looks like a heart pacemaker under your left collarbone. It connects to the vagus nerve in your neck through a wire that runs under your skin. The device sends a current to the nerve, which may cut down on the number of seizures you get or make them less intense.


Question: How long does it take to recover from surgery for refractory epilepsy?

Answer: After it's done, you'll probably need to stay in an intensive care unit of the hospital for a few days. You might need to stay on the drugs for the rest of your life. Talk to your doctor about any side effects you might have from the surgery. You can ask them to put you in touch with other people who've had the surgery, so you can better understand what to expect.


Question: What are the symptoms of refractory epilepsy?

Answer: Your seizures could take different forms and last from a few seconds to a few minutes. You may have convulsions, which means you can't stop your body from shaking. Do you still have seizures after taking medicine?


Question: What is refractory epilepsy?

Answer: You might hear the condition called by some other names, such as uncontrolled, intractable, or drug-resistant epilepsy. You can have refractory epilepsy as an adult, or your child might have it. About 1 in 3 people with epilepsy will develop it. Even though you have refractory epilepsy, it's still possible to get your seizures under control.


Question: How often do you need to replace a diaphragm for birth control?

Answer: You'll have to replace it at least every 2 years or more often if it gets damaged. You may need a different size if you get pregnant, have pelvic surgery, or gain or lose more than 15 pounds.


Question: What is a diaphragm for birth control?

Answer: It's a small, flexible cup made of silicone or latex that goes inside the vagina to block sperm from reaching an egg. It has very few risks and can be up to 94% effective.


Question: What are the risks in using a diaphragm for birth control?

Answer: The most serious one is toxic shock syndrome, a condition you get from a bacterial infection. You can avoid it by not leaving a diaphragm in for more than 24 hours. The device also can cause irritation or a reaction if you're allergic to latex. And some women get urinary tract infections more often when they use a diaphragm.


Question: How effective are diaphragms in preventing pregnancy?

Answer: So if you put the diaphragm in hours ahead of time, remember to add more. That's more effective than condoms or other barrier methods, but less effective than sterilization, intrauterine devices ( IUDs), or birth control pills. And some women get urinary tract infections more often when they use a diaphragm. If it's in correctly, you and your partner can't feel it.


Question: What are the symptoms of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST)?

Answer: The symptoms of GIST can have a large impact on your life because they affect your GI tract. You may have severe pain in your abdomen. Eating may become difficult due to nausea, stomach pain, and a feeling of fullness. You may feel fatigue, which may affect your activities of daily living.


Question: How can exercise help with a gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST)?

Answer: Exercise Fatigue may occur, either from the cancer, or from treatment or both. If fatigue is present, exercise is helpful to maintain physical and emotional fitness. Prior to exercising, get medical clearance, a proper exercise program, and exercise limitations.


Question: Are there side effects to treatment for gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST)?

Answer: GIST treatment may have side effects as well. Talk to your doctor if symptoms or treatment side effects persist or become severe or when symptoms interfere with your life. Talk to your health care provider about any treatment side effects so that your doctor can prescribe supportive medication to help relieve treatment-related symptoms.


Question: What should I eat if I have a gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST)?

Answer: Diet Eating the right foods is very important when you have GIST. Here are some tips for eating with GIST: The surgery used to treat GIST can cause food to move through the GI tract too quickly. This is known as "dumping syndrome." As a result, you may find it is difficult to eat three large meals a day. If digestion is a problem, try to eat smaller mini-meals or portions every two to three hours. After surgery, vitamin and mineral deficiencies may develop due to a lack of absorption. Therefore, supplements may be helpful. Talk to your doctor about which supplements may be helpful for you. Limit sugary foods and excess fluids, as these can worsen symptoms. Adding more complex carbohydrates and protein to the diet may help you feel better. See a dietitian if possible. A dietitian can help you plan a menu of foods that are more agreeable to the GI tract.


Question: How much sleep do I need if I have a gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST)?

Answer: Rest To deal with the exhaustion from GIST, get enough rest every day. Sleep for at least 8 hours each night and take short naps during the day if needed. Schedule activities so as to do only as much as can be handled. Choose the time of day when you feel the most energetic. Ask friends and family for help.


Question: What is a gastrointestinal stromal tumor and is it curable?

Answer: Gastrointestinal stromal tumor is a type of cancer known as a soft tissue sarcoma that affects the GI tract. However, GIST has become a treatable disease over time. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle and following doctor's orders will help improve your treatment experience.


Question: Can I work with a gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST)?

Answer: See a dietitian if possible. Work flexible hours and take breaks. If possible, take a leave of absence from work. Under the Family and Medical Leave Act, there may be eligibility for up to 12 weeks of leave because of the illness.


Question: What are the effects of a gastrointestinal stromal tumor on mental and emotional health?

Answer: Gastrointestinal stromal tumor is a type of cancer known as a soft tissue sarcoma that affects the GI tract. Your emotional and mental health may be impacted as well. The uncertainty of treatment, treatment outcome, concerns about the cancer returning, and the effects of GIST on family and friends are also stressful.


Question: What questions should I have after being diagnosed with gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST)?

Answer: Gastrointestinal stromal tumor is a type of cancer known as a soft tissue sarcoma that affects the GI tract. Your emotional and mental health may be impacted as well.


Question: What questions should I ask before taking part in a clinical trial for ADHD?

Answer: What is the purpose of the study? What has previous research of this treatment shown? What is likely to happen in my case with or without the treatment? Are there standard treatments for this condition? How does this study compare with standard treatment options?


Question: Are people told that they might be given a placebo in an ADHD clinical trial?

Answer: However, a person is told this is a possibility before deciding whether or not to take part in a study.


Question: What clinical trials have been conducted for the diagnosis and treatment of ADHD in children?

Answer: These have included trials measuring drug treatment, behavioral treatment, and/or combined treatments for children. Some clinical trials involving children have tested the potential roles that lead exposure, exposure to other neurotoxins, and psychosocial situations (involving aspects of social and psychological behavior) might play in causing ADHD.


Question: If there is no standard treatment, how do clinical trials for ADHD compare new treatments?

Answer: When no standard treatment exists for a condition, some studies compare a new treatment with a placebo (a look-alike pill/infusion that contains no active drug).


Question: How can I find information on the most recent clinical trials regarding ADHD?

Answer: For the most current listing of clinical trials in the field of ADHD, please consult the website www.clinicaltrials.gov and conduct a search under the term ADHD.


Question: How are clinical trials conducted?

Answer: Clinical trials are generally divided into four phases: Phase I clinical trials involve giving a new treatment to a small number of participants. The researchers determine the best way to give the new treatment and how much of it can be given safely. Phase III clinical trials compare the new treatment with a placebo or a standard treatment. In this phase, researchers determine which study group has fewer side effects and is demonstrating the most improvement. Phase IV clinical trials, also called post-marketing studies, are conducted after a treatment has been approved. The purpose of these trials is to provide an opportunity to learn more details about the treatment and to address questions that may have come up during other phases of trials. This phase involves many more people and may identify side effects that were not previously reported during other phases. How does this study compare with standard treatment options?


Question: What foods are rich in phytochemicals?

Answer: Food sources: Apples, apricots, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, carrots, cauliflower, garlic, legumes, onions, red peppers, soybeans, sweet potatoes, and tomatoes.


Question: What are the most important nutrients to get if you have a cold?

Answer: Antioxidants -- which include beta carotene and vitamins C and E -- are essential nutrients and can help keep your immune system strong. They help protect your body on the inside.


Question: What foods are high in phytochemicals?

Answer: Foods high in phytochemicals are also important for wellness. Phytochemicals are in all plants, so a diet that includes a variety of grains, fruits, and vegetables will give you these healthy substances.


Question: What foods are rich in carotenoids?

Answer: Foods rich in vitamin C include: broccoli, cantaloupe, cauliflower, kale, kiwi, orange juice, papaya, red, green or yellow pepper, sweet potato, strawberries, and tomatoes.


Question: Does chicken soup help fight colds?

Answer: Chicken soup appears to help fight colds in at least two research studies. It helps clear nasal congestion as well as thin mucus so you can better cough it up. Also, research shows it may have a mild anti-inflammatory effect that can help ease cold symptoms.


Question: How can I add more antioxidants to my diet?

Answer: The best way to include them in your diet is to eat more fruits and vegetables. If you cook them, use as little liquid as possible to keep the nutrients in the food.


Question: What foods are high in glutathione?

Answer: Glutathione is another nutrient that helps the immune system work well so it can fight infections. Food sources: You can get it from broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower, spinach, and other cruciferous vegetables.


Question: Does hot tea help fight colds?

Answer: Drinking hot tea is another great old home remedy. Hot tea helps to thin mucus and ensure proper hydration of the body. Green and black teas are filled with flavonoids, which are potent antioxidants.


Question: What foods are rich in vitamin C?

Answer: Foods rich in vitamin C include: broccoli, cantaloupe, cauliflower, kale, kiwi, orange juice, papaya, red, green or yellow pepper, sweet potato, strawberries, and tomatoes.


Question: What foods are high in bioflavonoids?

Answer: Foods high in bioflavonoids may also help you stay healthy. Research shows that these key nutrients help to boost immune system activation. These natural substances accompany vitamin C in plants and act as an antioxidant. Food sources: You can find bioflavonoids in the pulp and white core that runs through the center of citrus fruits, green peppers, lemons, limes, oranges, cherries, and grapes. Quercetin is a highly concentrated bioflavonoid found in broccoli, citrus fruits, and red and yellow onions.


Question: How can I ensure that I am getting enough antioxidants?

Answer: Most health organizations recommend eating five to nine servings of fruits and vegetables daily. Plus, it's a rich source of vitamin C. And spinach gives you beta carotene, vitamin C, folic acid, and magnesium.


Question: Are high-protein foods good for the immune system?

Answer: These can help keep your immune system strong. You need protein to build and repair body tissue and fight viral and bacterial infections. It's rare for anyone in the U. S. to be low on protein, and too much can be bad for your kidneys. Make sure you choose lean sources, such as beans and soy, lean beef, and skinless chicken or turkey.


Question: Does yogurt prevent colds?

Answer: Glutathione is another nutrient that helps the immune system work well so it can fight infections. Chicken soup appears to help fight colds in at least two research studies.


Question: Is zinc good for colds?

Answer: Glutathione is another nutrient that helps the immune system work well so it can fight infections. You need protein to build and repair body tissue and fight viral and bacterial infections. Also, research shows it may have a mild anti-inflammatory effect that can help ease cold symptoms.


Question: Does starving a cold work?

Answer: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } If you're not quite sure how this saying goes, you can relax: Starving is never the correct answer. When you eat a good-for-you, well-balanced diet, many other things fall in place that keep your body working well. Foods that are rich in nutrients help fight infections and may help prevent illness. Antioxidants -- which include beta carotene and vitamins C and E -- are essential nutrients and can help keep your immune system strong.


Question: Do all flu tests work the same?

Answer: Some tests can help your doctor figure out which flu virus you have, influenza A or B. No. The quality of the test depends on the maker, how the test works, and how big a sample of the virus your doctor can collect.


Question: What is the point of getting a flu test?

Answer: A doctor can usually tell if you have the flu based on your symptoms, especially if it's during peak season. After the first 2 days, though, these meds won't do much for you. A flu test can also help your doctor rule out giving you antibiotics. Those don't work against viral infections like the flu. Some tests can help your doctor figure out which flu virus you have, influenza A or B.


Question: What is the gallbladder?

Answer: Gallbladder The gallbladder is a storage sac for excess bile. Bile made in the liver travels to the small intestine via the bile ducts. If the intestine doesn't need it, the bile travels into the gallbladder, where it awaits the signal from the intestines that food is present. Bile serves two main purposes. First, it helps absorb fats in the diet, and secondly, it carries waste from the liver that cannot go through the kidneys.


Question: What is digestion?

Answer: Digestion is the complex process of turning the food you eat into nutrients, which the body uses for energy, growth and cell repair needed to survive. The digestion process also involves creating waste to be eliminated. The digestive tract (or gastrointestinal tract) is a long twisting tube that starts at the mouth and ends at the anus. It is made up of a series of muscles that coordinate the movement of food and other cells that produce enzymes and hormones to aid in the breakdown of food. Along the way are three other organs that are needed for digestion: the liver, gallbladder, and the pancreas.


Question: What does the liver do?

Answer: Liver The liver has multiple functions, but two of its main functions within the digestive system are to make and secrete an important substance called bile and to process the blood coming from the small intestine containing the nutrients just absorbed. The liver purifies this blood of many impurities before traveling to the rest of the body.


Question: What is the mouth's role in the digestive system?

Answer: Stop 1: The Mouth The mouth is the beginning of the digestive system, and, in fact, digestion starts here before you even take the first bite of a meal. The smell of food triggers the salivary glands in your mouth to secrete saliva, causing your mouth to water. Once you start chewing and breaking the food down into pieces small enough to be digested, other mechanisms come into play. It contains substances including enzymes that begin the process of breaking down food into a form your body can absorb and use. Chew your food more -- it also helps with your digestion.


Question: What is the small intestine's role in the digestive system?

Answer: Made up of three segments -- the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum -- the small intestine also breaks down food using enzymes released by the pancreas and bile from the liver. The small intestine is the 'work horse' of digestion, as this is where most nutrients are absorbed. What's leftover (the waste) moves into the large intestine (large bowel or colon).


Question: What is the role of the anus in the digestive system?

Answer: The digestive tract (or gastrointestinal tract) is a long twisting tube that starts at the mouth and ends at the anus. It is made up of a series of muscles that coordinate the movement of food and other cells that produce enzymes and hormones to aid in the breakdown of food. The pelvic floor muscle creates an angle between the rectum and the anus that stops stool from coming out when it is not supposed to. The anal sphincters provide fine control of stool. When we get an urge to defecate (go to the bathroom), we rely on our external sphincter to keep the stool in until we can get to the toilet.


Question: How much water do I need to drink?

Answer: And your need for water increases: In warm or hot weather With vigorous physical activity, such as exercise or working in the yard During bouts of illness, especially if you have a fever, are vomiting, having diarrhea or coughing You often hear that you need to drink eight 8-ounce glasses of water each day. The Institute of Medicine's Food and Nutrition Board recommend that women drink more than 11 8-ounce glasses (91 ounces) of water daily, and men drink more than 15 glasses of water(125 ounces) per day. It is a good idea to track how much water you drink for a few days just to get a feel for the amount needed. You can get enough water each day by drinking water and consuming fluids like soup and drinks, along with lots of fruits and vegetables, which contain water. Keep in mind that if you're going to do something strenuous, like playing sports or running, you'll need extra water before, during, and after.


Question: What are the kinds of water filters you might use at home?

Answer: Ion exchange units with activated alumina can remove minerals such as calcium and magnesium, which make water hard. This is often used in combination with another filtration method, such as carbon absorption or reverse osmosis. Reverse osmosis units with carbon can remove nitrates and sodium as well as pesticides and petrochemicals.


Question: What is the best way to avoid consuming lead from tap water?

Answer: One argument advanced for the use of bottled water is its safety, yet there isn't the same guarantee of safety with bottled water as there is for the water in your tap.


Question: How much of my body is water?

Answer: Without water, you couldn't maintain a normal body temperature, lubricate your joints, or get rid of waste through urination, sweat, and bowel movements. Not getting enough water can lead to dehydration, which can cause muscle weakness and cramping, a lack of coordination, and an increased risk of heat exhaustion and heat stroke. In fact, water is so important that a person couldn't last more than five days without it.


Question: How does the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulate bottled water?

Answer: The FDA regulates bottled water as a food. That means it requires identification of the source (spring, mineral), regulates allowable levels of chemical, physical, microbial and radiological contaminants, requires Good Manufacturing Practice standards for boiling and bottling, and regulates labeling. However, the FDA doesn't have the ability to oversee a mandatory testing program like the EPA does with public water suppliers. So, although it can order a bottled water recall once a problem has been found, there is no guarantee that the bottle of water you bought is safe.


Question: When do I need to drink even more water than normal?

Answer: Enough to replace what you lose daily through urination, sweating, even exhaling. And your need for water increases: In warm or hot weather With vigorous physical activity, such as exercise or working in the yard During bouts of illness, especially if you have a fever, are vomiting, having diarrhea or coughing You often hear that you need to drink eight 8-ounce glasses of water each day.


Question: How can I remove all contaminants from my drinking water?

Answer: Is the water you're drinking safe or would bottled water be safer? What can you do if your tap water suddenly became contaminated? That doesn't mean that your water is free of all contaminants, but that the levels of any contaminants don't pose any serious health risk.


Question: How can water be contaminated?

Answer: What can you do if your tap water suddenly became contaminated? It can contain microorganisms like bacteria and parasites that get in the water from human or animal fecal matter. It can contain chemicals from industrial waste or from spraying crops. Nitrates used in fertilizers can enter the water with runoff from the land. Various minerals such as lead or mercury can enter the water supply, sometimes from natural deposits underground, or more often from improper disposal of pollutants.


Question: Does boiling contaminated water make it safe to drink?

Answer: How contaminated water effects your health depends on the type of contaminants. Boiling water can kill germs, but things like lead, nitrates, and pesticides aren't affected. And since boiling reduces the volume of water, it increases the concentration of those contaminants.


Question: How can your tap water become contaminated?

Answer: Lead can leech into drinking water through old lead pipes. One argument advanced for the use of bottled water is its safety, yet there isn't the same guarantee of safety with bottled water as there is for the water in your tap.


Question: How can I lower my chances of kidney disease?

Answer: To lower your chances of getting kidney disease, you'll actually want to focus on two other conditions: diabetes and high blood pressure. They're two of the biggest threats to your kidneys. Many people have diabetes and/or high blood pressure and don't know it. So if it's been a while since your last checkup, you may want to schedule one. The things you do to take care of your heart and weight -- like eating a healthy diet, not smoking, limiting alcohol, staying active, and taking any medicines your doctor prescribes -- also are good for your kidneys.


Question: How is gum recession treated?

Answer: Antibiotics also may be given to get rid of any remaining harmful bacteria. If your gum recession cannot be treated with deep cleaning because of excess loss of bone and pockets that are too deep, gum surgery may be required to repair the damage caused by gum recession. The following surgical procedures are used to treat gum recession: Open flap scaling and root planing: During this procedure, the dentist or periodontist (gum doctor) folds back the affected gum tissue, removes the harmful bacteria from the pockets, and then snugly secures the gum tissue in place over the tooth root, thus eliminating the pockets or reducing their size.


Question: How is a soft tissue graft procedure done to gum recession?

Answer: Soft tissue graft: There are several types of gum tissue graft procedures, but the most commonly used one is called a connective tissue graft. In this procedure, a flap of skin is cut at the roof of your mouth (palate) and tissue from under the flap, called subepithelial connective tissue, is removed and then stitched to the gum tissue surrounding the exposed root. After the connective tissue -- the graft -- has been removed from under the flap, the flap is stitched back down. During another type of graft, called free gingival graft, tissue is taken directly from the roof of the mouth instead of under the skin. Sometimes, if you have enough gum tissue surrounding the affected teeth, the dentist is able to graft gum from near the tooth and not remove tissue from the palate. This is called a pedicle graft.


Question: What should you know if I think I have receding gums?

Answer: Gum recession is not something you want to ignore. If you think your gums are receding, make an appointment with your dentist. There are treatments that can repair the gum and prevent further damage.


Question: How do I know which procedure works best for receding gums?

Answer: Your dentist can determine the best type of procedure to use on you based on your individual needs.


Question: How do my genes play a role in gum recession?

Answer: Some people may be more susceptible to gum disease. In fact, studies show that 30% of the population may be predisposed to gum disease, regardless of how well they care for their teeth.


Question: How is regeneration done to treat gum recession?

Answer: Regeneration: If the bone supporting your teeth has been destroyed as a result of gum recession, a procedure to regenerate lost bone and tissue may be recommended. As in pocket depth reduction, your dentist will fold back the gum tissue and remove the bacteria. A regenerative material, such as a membrane, graft tissue, or tissue-stimulating protein, will then be applied to encourage your body to naturally regenerate bone and tissue in that area. After the regenerative material is put in place, the gum tissue is secured over the root of the tooth or teeth.


Question: How do hormonal changes lead to gum recession?

Answer: During the deep cleaning -- also called tooth scaling and root planing -- plaque and tartar that has built up on the teeth and root surfaces below the gum line is carefully removed and the exposed root area is smoothed to make it more difficult for bacteria to attach itself.


Question: What are the signs of gum recession?

Answer: Gum recession is a common dental problem. Most people don't know they have gum recession because it occurs gradually. The first sign of gum recession is usually tooth sensitivity, or you may notice a tooth looks longer than normal. Typically, a notch can be felt near the gum line.


Question: How does grinding and clenching my teeth lead to gum recession?

Answer: Clenching or grinding your teeth can put too much force on the teeth, causing gums to recede.


Question: How is open flap scaling and root planing done to treat gum recession?

Answer: The following surgical procedures are used to treat gum recession: Open flap scaling and root planing: During this procedure, the dentist or periodontist (gum doctor) folds back the affected gum tissue, removes the harmful bacteria from the pockets, and then snugly secures the gum tissue in place over the tooth root, thus eliminating the pockets or reducing their size.


Question: How does insufficient dental care lead to gum recession?

Answer: When gum recession occurs, "pockets," or gaps, form between the teeth and gum line, making it easy for disease-causing bacteria to build up. During the deep cleaning -- also called tooth scaling and root planing -- plaque and tartar that has built up on the teeth and root surfaces below the gum line is carefully removed and the exposed root area is smoothed to make it more difficult for bacteria to attach itself.


Question: How can I prevent gum recession?

Answer: If you brush your teeth too hard or the wrong way, it can cause the enamel on your teeth to wear away and your gums to recede. If you have gum recession, your dentist may want to see you more often. Always use a soft-bristled toothbrush and ask your dentist to show you the proper way to brush your teeth. If a misaligned bite or teeth grinding is the cause of gum recession, talk to your dentist about how to correct the problem. Other ways to prevent gum recession include: Quit smoking if you smoke. Eat a well balanced and healthy diet. Monitor changes that may occur in your mouth. By taking good care of your teeth, you can have a healthy smile forever.


Question: What is gum recession?

Answer: If left untreated, the supporting tissue and bone structures of the teeth can be severely damaged, and may ultimately result in tooth loss. During the deep cleaning -- also called tooth scaling and root planing -- plaque and tartar that has built up on the teeth and root surfaces below the gum line is carefully removed and the exposed root area is smoothed to make it more difficult for bacteria to attach itself. After the regenerative material is put in place, the gum tissue is secured over the root of the tooth or teeth.


Question: How long does Achilles surgery take?

Answer: Achilles surgery takes only about 30 minutes to an hour, and you'll go home the same day. The surgeons will put you in a cast that extends from below the knee to your toes. It'll keep your foot in a pointed position.


Question: What are treatments for Achilles tendon injury?

Answer: If you haven't torn your Achilles, you probably won't need surgery. If the damage is minor, you might be able to rest, apply ice, wear a boot for a while, and have a few physical therapy appointments. If your tendon is ruptured, your doctor will consider your age, activity level, and how bad the damage is when deciding about surgery. The younger and more active you are, the more likely that surgery will be the answer.


Question: What is erectile dysfunction (ED)?

Answer: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } Erectile dysfunction ( ED) means you can't get or keep an erection that's firm enough to have sex. But you may still be able to masturbate. It depends in part on what's causing your ED.


Question: How can masturbation help with erectile dysfunction (ED)?

Answer: It depends in part on what's causing your ED. Therapy can also teach you other ways to take the stress out of sex, communicate with partners, and find more sexual stimulation.


Question: Does masturbation cause erectile dysfunction (ED)?

Answer: But you might be able to keep an erection if you masturbate. Masturbation is normal and won't cause problems when you have sex with a partner. Can masturbation help treat ED? There's not much evidence that any sexual activity can keep you from getting the condition. But masturbation can play a role in helping with ED that's caused by stress, anxiety, or another psychological issue. If you're able to perform sexually, even with masturbation, you may feel more confident that you can get and keep an erection during sex with a partner.


Question: What is a psychoanalyst?

Answer: They can be psychiatrists, psychologists, or social workers by training. These professionals follow Sigmund Freud's theories and other more modern theories that are based on the idea that painful childhood memories in your unconscious mind are the cause of emotional troubles. Psychoanalysts use talk therapy and may recommend medications, too. These can be prescribed by the therapist if they're a psychiatrist or by another doctor.


Question: What should I do before my first visit with a mental health therapist?

Answer: Before you schedule that first appointment, you may want to research and ask about a potential therapist's: Treatment approach and philosophy Specialization by age group or particular disorder Education, years in practice, licenses, and professional associations Fees, lengths of sessions, insurance coverage, policies around missed appointments, and office hours Availability in case of an emergency Talk to trusted friends, family, or clergy about professionals they may have seen or know of.


Question: What's the difference between psychologists and psychiatrists?

Answer: They usually have doctoral degrees ( Ph D or Psy D) and are trained to provide professional counseling on psychological and emotional issues. They may specialize in areas such as marriage counseling, relaxation therapy, stress management, or sex therapy. Psychologists don't have medical training, so they're not allowed to prescribe medications -- except in certain states where the legislature has given them prescribing privileges. These professionals are medical doctors who specialize in the treatment of mental, emotional, or behavioral problems. A psychiatrist can prescribe medications. They may hold therapy sessions or work with non-medical therapists to treat you.


Question: What should I look for in a mental health professional?

Answer: Besides finding someone who is well qualified, you also want a mental health professional who specializes in treating problems similar to those that you have. You should trust them, even when what they're saying is uncomfortable for you. While you'll usually go for psychotherapy weekly or monthly, psychoanalytic sessions could be several times a week for a while.


Question: What is a psychiatrist?

Answer: They may hold therapy sessions or work with non-medical therapists to treat you. These professionals follow Sigmund Freud's theories and other more modern theories that are based on the idea that painful childhood memories in your unconscious mind are the cause of emotional troubles. These can be prescribed by the therapist if they're a psychiatrist or by another doctor.


Question: What is the goal of psychoanalysis?

Answer: These professionals follow Sigmund Freud's theories and other more modern theories that are based on the idea that painful childhood memories in your unconscious mind are the cause of emotional troubles. Psychoanalysis is usually best for people who are struggling with problems around life satisfaction, relationships, and conflicts in pursuing personal or professional goals.


Question: What are naturopaths, and how do they treat mental illness?

Answer: They may specialize in areas such as marriage counseling, relaxation therapy, stress management, or sex therapy. As part of a wellness plan or treatment, they may recommend other mental health therapists such as life coaches, psychologists, or other kinds of psychotherapists.


Question: When are you more likely to get acne?

Answer: You're more likely to get acne if: Your parents had acne You take certain medications, including steroids (powerful drugs that help with inflammation) You wear greasy makeup You're under stress Your hormones change (like during puberty, pregnancy, and menopause) You won't need a lab test to know if you have acne or eczema.


Question: How is eczema and acne alike?

Answer: Both are common skin problems that can happen at any age. Each can flare, go away for a while, then return. And both these skin issues can be stressful and embarrassing.


Question: What can you do at home to control both eczema and acne?

Answer: Taking good care of your skin can help control both eczema and acne. These things can help: Be gentle. Use a mild soap to wash your skin twice a day and after sweaty exercise. Go easy. Scrubbing or using harsh cleaners can make it worse. Try not to touch the area. If you have itchy eczema, try not to scratch. This can break your skin and lead to infections. If you have pimples, don't pick or pop them. Stay safe in the sun. Some drugs for eczema and acne make your skin burn faster. Try to stay out of the sun between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m. when the sun's UVB burning rays are most intense. If you have eczema, use a mineral-based sunscreen with zinc oxide or titanium dioxide. People with acne do best with a brand that's oil-free or "non-comedogenic," meaning it won't block your pores. Relax. Stress and anxiety can make both acne and eczema flare. Try meditation, take a yoga or tai chi class, or find other ways to calm yourself. Put your best face forward. If your skin condition makes you self-conscious, you may want to wear makeup to help cover it. But you need to use the right products. Some makeup can help absorb oil, others cover up redness and smooth out your skin. Ask your doctor about what would be best for you.


Question: How is eczema or acne diagnosed?

Answer: You're more likely to get acne if: Your parents had acne You take certain medications, including steroids (powerful drugs that help with inflammation) You wear greasy makeup You're under stress Your hormones change (like during puberty, pregnancy, and menopause) You won't need a lab test to know if you have acne or eczema. A dermatologist (skin doctor) will be able to tell which you have by looking at your skin and asking about your family history.


Question: What should you do if your medicine causes erectile dysfunction?

Answer: Your doctor can tell you which. If it is medication, and not just high blood pressure, switching to another prescription may solve the problem. Never stop taking medicine without your doctor's OK. But high blood pressure itself still could be to blame for your erectile dysfunction. In that case, ask about trying an erectile dysfunction drug like Cialis, Levitra, Stendra, Staxyn, or Viagra. You should only take these drugs once your high blood pressure is under control. They are not safe for men with untreated high blood pressure. They are also not safe for men taking alpha-blockers, or men taking nitrate drugs for heart disease.


Question: Which calcium channel blockers do not cause erectile dysfunction?

Answer: There are also drugs known as calcium channel blockers, such as Amlodipine, Diltiazem, or Verapamil. Your doctor can tell you which. Drugs known as ARBs (angiotensin II receptor blockers, like Losartan) are not only unlikely to cause erection problems, but they may improve sexual function in men with high blood pressure.


Question: Can you reverse sun damage?

Answer: Fortunately, experts are shedding light on ways you can reverse some problems caused by the sun. It's not possible to erase all of the damage, but there are some steps you can take for these common conditions.


Question: How does sunburn happen?

Answer: Sunburns happen when there's damage to the DNA in your skin cells. Over time, these injuries add up and lead to physical changes like wrinkles and skin cancer.


Question: How can you get rid of dry skin?

Answer: The sun can parch your skin, leaving with you rough patches. But you don't have to be stuck with the lizard look. Use a scrub or loofah to gently exfoliate and remove the top layer of dead skin cells to reveal the soft skin beneath. Then moisturize with lotion. If you're sunburned, skip petroleum-based products, which trap in heat. Also drink plenty of water during the day.


Question: How can you prevent the damage from a sunburn?

Answer: While there are plenty of things you can do to ease the pain, there are only a few ways you can counteract the damage before it's there for good. Wear a broad spectrum sunscreen -- and reapply it at least every 80 minutes -- and try to stick to the shade. You'll protect yourself from future UV radiation and give your skin's enzymes time to repair some of the damaged DNA.


Question: When should you see a dermatologist about sun damage?

Answer: If sun damage gives you any new or changing marks, let your dermatologist know. They could be a sign of skin cancer. And protect yourself from future UV harm with sun-safe habits. Avoid the sun between 10 a.m. and 3 p.m., and wear protective clothing and a broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of at least 30. Apply a thick layer of sunscreen to all exposed skin, and reapply every 80 minutes when out and after swimming and sweating.


Question: How can prescription creams help with actinic keratosis?

Answer: Many of the treatments that repair other sun damage may also work for AK, such as cryotherapy, chemical peels, and laser therapy. You can also try: Prescription creams/gels. Your doctor can prescribe a few different drugs you put on your skin to treat sun-damaged areas. Imiquimod ( Aldara, Zyclara) causes your skin to create a chemical called interferon that kills precancerous cells.5-fluorouracil ( Carac, Efudex, Fluoroplex) is another drug that destroys fast-growing AK cells. A newer treatment called ingenol mebutate ( Picato) treats the patches within 2-3 days. If your skin is too sensitive for these creams, hyaluronic acid paired with the drug diclofenac ( Solaraze) can treat AK.


Question: How do you get wrinkles?

Answer: Your skin makes a chemical called melanin to protect itself against UV rays.


Question: How can you treat melasma?

Answer: You can reverse melasma with many of the same treatments that work for age spots, such as skin-lightening creams. One study found that hydroquinone, kojic acid, and glycolic acid all worked well in reducing the splotches. Chemical peels, microdermabrasion, and laser therapy are also options. Most important, strict sun avoidance and liberal use of broad-spectrum sunscreens that protect against UVA, UVB, and visible light are a must for successful treatment of melasma.


Question: How does microdermabrasion help with wrinkles?

Answer: Microdermabrasion: This technique uses tiny grains, crystals, or diamond tips to remove the outer layer of skin. It also prompts the growth of collagen.


Question: How does beta-carotene help with wrinkles?

Answer: Try these treatments to iron out those wrinkles: Beta-carotene: Research shows that this antioxidant makes skin more supple and flexible and reduces sun-related wrinkles. You can find it in fruits and vegetables, such as carrots, spinach, and cantaloupe, or in a supplement.


Question: How do chemical peels help with wrinkles?

Answer: Chemical peels: This treatment removes damaged cells from the upper layers of your skin. Options can range from alpha-hydroxy or salicylic acid cream you apply yourself to a medium-depth peel, which you get from a dermatologist.


Question: How can photodynamic therapy help with actinic keratosis?

Answer: That's because the sun gives off ultraviolet ( UV) light that damages your skin and causes sunburn. Then your doctor will point a strong red or blue light at your skin to switch on the drug and destroy AK.


Question: How can you get sun or age spots?

Answer: Over time, these rays can lead to wrinkles, dark spots, and other problem areas. Your skin makes a chemical called melanin to protect itself against UV rays. Too much sun can cause a clump of it to form, which shows up as a flat brown or black spot.


Question: What are microbicides and how do they help in the treatment for genital herpes?

Answer: Microbicides are one option scientists are exploring in the search for new genital herpes treatments. Microbicides are chemicals that protect against infection by killing microbes (small organisms such as bacteria and viruses) before they enter the body. Two products show some promise -- tenofovir gel and si RNA nanoparticles -- microbicides that are applied to the vagina.


Question: How can social workers help with treating bipolar disorder?

Answer: Social workers are psychotherapists who often treat bipolar disorder using talk therapy. They do not prescribe medications. Some may have obtained a professional doctorate degree in social work ( DSW) and thus some can be nonmedical doctors.


Question: How can primary care doctors help with treating bipolar disorder?

Answer: Primary care doctors (also sometimes called general practitioners, or internists, or family practitioners, as well as pediatricians) are general medical doctors who obtain some training in mental health during medical school and residency. They often provide basic or initial assessment and medication treatment for common mental health problems such as depression or anxiety. Bipolar disorder is often misrecognized as "just" depression and usually a medical doctor who is not trained as a psychiatrist will refer patients with bipolar disorder to a psychiatrist or other mental health professional for more specialized care.


Question: What causes phantom limb pain?

Answer: One possible explanation: Nerves in parts of your spinal cord and brain ârewireâ when they lose signals from the missing arm or leg. As a result, they send pain signals, a typical response when your body senses something is wrong. Another example of this rewiring: When you touch one body part -- say, your hip or your forearm -- your brain might sense it on your missing limb. Other possible causes of phantom limb pain include damaged nerve endings and scar tissue from the amputation surgery.


Question: What does phantom limb pain feel like?

Answer: Your pain may feel like it's: Burning Shooting Like âpins and needlesâ Twisting Crushing Like an electric shock Aside from pain, you may also sense other feelings from a body part that's no longer there: Movement Temperature Pressure Vibration Itch No drugs specifically treat phantom limb pain.


Question: What is phantom limb pain?

Answer: So it's no surprise that phantom limb pain is not the same for everyone. Drugs such as codeine and morphine may ease phantom limb pain for some people, but not everyone. When you put your limb and stump inside, you see the reflection of the intact arm or leg in the mirror.


Question: What is the concrete operational stage in Piaget's stages of development?

Answer: At this time, elementary-age and preadolescent children -- ages 7 to 11 -- demonstrate logical, concrete reasoning. Children's thinking becomes less egocentric and they are increasingly aware of external events. They begin to realize that one's own thoughts and feelings are unique and may not be shared by others or may not even be part of reality. During this stage, however, most children still can't think abstractly or hypothetically.


Question: What is the formal operational stage in Piaget's stages of development?

Answer: Adolescents who reach this fourth stage of intellectual development -- usually at age 11-plus -- are able to logically use symbols related to abstract concepts, such as algebra and science. They can think about multiple variables in systematic ways, formulate hypotheses, and consider possibilities. They also can ponder abstract relationships and concepts such as justice. Although Piaget believed in lifelong intellectual development, he insisted that the formal operational stage is the final stage of cognitive development, and that continued intellectual development in adults depends on the accumulation of knowledge.


Question: What is the preoperational stage in Piaget's stages of development?

Answer: During this stage (toddler through age 7), young children are able to think about things symbolically. Their language use becomes more mature. They also develop memory and imagination, which allows them to understand the difference between past and future, and engage in make-believe. But their thinking is based on intuition and still not completely logical. They cannot yet grasp more complex concepts such as cause and effect, time, and comparison.


Question: What are Piaget's stages of development?

Answer: The Piaget stages of development is a blueprint that describes the stages of normal intellectual development, from infancy through adulthood. Although Piaget believed in lifelong intellectual development, he insisted that the formal operational stage is the final stage of cognitive development, and that continued intellectual development in adults depends on the accumulation of knowledge.


Question: What are Piaget's four stages of intellectual development?

Answer: Toddlerhood (18-24 months) through early childhood (age 7) Concrete operational. Ages 7 to 12 Formal operational. Adolescence through adulthood Piaget acknowledged that some children may pass through the stages at different ages than the averages noted above and that some children may show characteristics of more than one stage at a given time. But he insisted that cognitive development always follows this sequence, that stages cannot be skipped, and that each stage is marked by new intellectual abilities and a more complex understanding of the world. Near the end of the sensorimotor stage (18-24 months), infants reach another important milestone -- early language development, a sign that they are developing some symbolic abilities.


Question: Which foods are good sources of beta-carotene?

Answer: Good food sources of beta-carotene include: Carrots Sweet potatoes Winter squash Spinach and kale Fruits like cantaloupe and apricots Research suggests that beta-carotene levels might decrease in some fruits and vegetables such as peas and carrots when they are frozen.


Question: Does freezing vegetables affect the beta-carotene in them?

Answer: Good food sources of beta-carotene include: Carrots Sweet potatoes Winter squash Spinach and kale Fruits like cantaloupe and apricots Research suggests that beta-carotene levels might decrease in some fruits and vegetables such as peas and carrots when they are frozen.


Question: How much beta-carotene should I take?

Answer: While there is a recommended dietary allowance ( RDA) for vitamin A, there is no RDA for beta-carotene specifically. Studies have used dosages ranging between 15 and 180 milligrams a day. There is no set tolerable upper intake level ( UL) for beta-carotene. However, high doses or long-term use may be dangerous.


Question: Why do people take beta-carotene?

Answer: Beta-carotene has become popular in part because it's an antioxidant -- a substance that may protect cells from damage. A number of studies show that people who eat lots of fruits and vegetables that are rich in beta-carotene and other vitamins and minerals have a lower risk of some cancers and heart disease. However, so far studies have not found that beta-carotene supplements have the same health benefits as foods.


Question: Does beta-carotene have side effects?

Answer: Side effects. Taken at the amounts found in foods, beta-carotene has few side effects. At high levels, such as what is found in carrot juice, it may turn the skin yellowish or orange. This is temporary and harmless.


Question: What are the risks of taking beta-carotene?

Answer: While their benefits are generally unclear, beta-carotene supplements do seem to have serious risks. People who smoke or who have been exposed to asbestos should not use beta-carotene supplements. Even low doses have been linked with an increased risk of cancer, heart disease, and death in these two groups of people. Excessive alcohol use combined with beta-carotene supplements may raise the risk of liver disease and cancer. In high doses, vitamin A, and presumably beta-carotene, can be toxic to the liver.


Question: How does a stem cell transplant for testicular cancer work?

Answer: How it works: The stem cells in this kind of treatment don't come from embryos. Instead, they come from your own marrow, which is inside your bones, or from your blood. In some cases, another person donates some of their blood or marrow. The stem cells are frozen and stored. After your chemo, they are thawed and returned back to you through a process called infusion.


Question: Where can I find support if I am diagnosed with testicular cancer?

Answer: Many boys and men find professional counseling or support groups help them handle the emotions that come with testicular cancer. If you notice that you're feeling depressed or anxious, talk to your doctor or a social worker about professionals you can meet with in your area.


Question: What does chemotherapy for testicular cancer do?

Answer: This uses medicine to fight cancer cells, either by killing them or stopping them from splitting into more and more cells. You may take pills or get drugs through a tube placed in a vein. It depends on your particular case. Your doctor might suggest that you get âchemo,â as it is often called, either before or after you have lymph node surgery. You might get several rounds of treatment that last for 3 or 4 weeks each, and you would take breaks in between them.


Question: What is radiation therapy for testicular cancer?

Answer: This uses X-rays or other high-energy beams to destroy cancer cells. People who have the type of testicular cancer known as seminoma often get this. Sometimes, the lymph nodes at the back of the abdomen are radiated to kill any tumor cells that may have spread to them.


Question: Can stem cell transplant be used for testicular cancer?

Answer: This procedure is not very common. But if you have a cancer that needs a stronger treatment, this procedure helps your body handle even higher doses of chemotherapy. It replaces blood-forming cells that are killed by the cancer treatment.


Question: What are the different types of radiation therapy for testicular cancer?

Answer: There are two types of this treatment: External therapy uses a machine that aims the radiation directly at the cancer to kill it. Internal therapy involves a radioactive substance in needles, wires or thin, flexible tubes called catheters. It is placed into the cancer cells or near them.


Question: What does surgery for testicular cancer consist of?

Answer: A surgeon removes a testicle for almost all stages and types of this cancer. The surgeon makes an incision â a small cut -- into the abdomen just above the pubic area. He takes out the whole testicle. He then cuts what's called the spermatic cord, which holds the vessels that carry blood and fluid to the testicles. He does this to keep cancer cells from reaching the rest of the body. The actual surgery usually takes about 30 minutes, and you usually go home the same day.


Question: What does lymph node removal for testicular cancer consist of?

Answer: Sometimes, the surgery to take out a testicle isn't enough, because cancer has spread to the lymph nodes at the back of the abdomen. Your doctor may take those out as well. This operation might happen at the same time as the testicle surgery, or it might be done later. You would get something to make you sleep through this surgery. It usually takes about 6 hours. Sometimes, your doctor can take out the lymph nodes using much smaller cuts and long, thin tools. This is known as laparoscopic surgery. It's easier to recover from this type of procedure.


Question: What are the side effects of radiation therapy for testicular cancer?

Answer: Side effects: You could feel very tired, want to throw up or have diarrhea. Talk to your doctor about what you can do to ease them. Doctors try to protect your remaining testicle from radiation, which can affect your sperm count. You are more likely to be infertile if you have this treatment. If you want to have children in the future, you should ask your doctor about saving some of your sperm before you start.


Question: Is testicular cancer curable?

Answer: If you or a loved one has testicular cancer, you should know it's very often curable. Treatment almost always involves surgery to remove a testicle. You can follow up with radiation or chemotherapy if the doctor finds the cancer has spread. Other parts of the body may be treated as well.


Question: Does a teenager with ADHD have a higher risk of alcohol and drug abuse?

Answer: Teens with ADHD are two to four times more likely to have a car accident than teens without ADHD. They are also more likely to have problems from drinking. In studies, teens with ADHD were twice as likely as other teens to have abused alcohol within the past 6 months and three times as likely to abuse drugs other than marijuana . Getting the right treatment for ADHD may actually help to decrease the risk of later alcohol and drug abuse.


Question: What are the different kinds of injections for back pain?

Answer: You can get injections in the area around the inflamed or damaged nerves. There are several kinds of injections, including: Epidural Nerve block Discography In a nerve block, a doctor injects the area around the nerve with a numbing medicine, or anesthetic.


Question: What are nerve block injections?

Answer: There are several kinds of injections, including: Epidural Nerve block Discography In a nerve block, a doctor injects the area around the nerve with a numbing medicine, or anesthetic. Lidocaine is the anesthetic most commonly used. After a nerve block injection, you'll quickly have numbness with near-complete pain relief. It wears off after several hours.


Question: What are side effects of back pain injections?

Answer: Mild soreness or pain at the site after an injection for back pain is common. Headache, nausea, and vomiting can also happen. It's rare, but injections can cause bleeding or infection.


Question: How are nerve block injections used to diagnose the cause of back pain?

Answer: Some doctors use nerve block injections to try to diagnose what's causing the back pain. If your doctor does this, you'll be asked which injection causes the back pain to go away. That nerve may then be chosen for an epidural injection with both steroid and anesthetic medicine.


Question: What are epidural injections?

Answer: Spinal stenosis, which means that the spine has narrowed. These shots include a steroid medicine, also called corticosteroid, and usually an anesthetic medicine, too. How effective they are isn't clear yet. Their effects seem to only last a short time and offer modest pain relief. So these might not be something you'd get for long-term back pain. And if your back pain started suddenly, there are other treatments your doctor would probably consider first.


Question: How can I help my loved one who has hearing loss?

Answer: If you act like nothing's different, it can make it harder for your loved one to get used to living with hearing loss. If your loved one seems hesitant to make changes, know that it's normal. If you're concerned about the way he's behaving, talk to him directly about it instead of telling others you're worried. Try to stay positive and relaxed. The more supportive you are, the easier it will be for your loved one to adjust and get help.


Question: Should you mention it if someone seems to have hearing loss?

Answer: If you act like nothing's different, it can make it harder for your loved one to get used to living with hearing loss. Hearing aids can help with hearing loss. The more supportive you are, the easier it will be for your loved one to adjust and get help.


Question: What support does someone need when they have hearing problems?

Answer: He should be working with a hearing specialist, such as an audiologist or an ear, nose, and throat doctor. Ask if you can take him to or join him at appointments. It also may help him to meet other people with hearing loss. Your loved one's hearing specialist may be able to recommend a support group.


Question: What imaging tests are used in the diagnosis of myelofibrosis?

Answer: Your doctor may suggest an ultrasound test, magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI), or X-rays. An ultrasound can see if your spleen is enlarged. An MRI can look for changes in bone marrow that can be signs of myelofibrosis. X-rays can show changes in bone density that may be a sign of the disease.