text:
ABSTRACT: Ensuring the quality of multiple-choice exams administered to small cohorts: A cautionary tale
INTRODUCTION:Multiple-choice questions (MCQs) are a cornerstone of assessment in medical education. Monitoring item properties (difficulty and discrimination) are important means of investigating examination quality. However, most item property guidelines were developed for use on large cohorts of examinees; little empirical work has investigated the suitability of applying guidelines to item difficulty and discrimination coefficients estimated for small cohorts, such as those in medical education. We investigated the extent to which item properties vary across multiple clerkship cohorts to better understand the appropriateness of using such guidelines with small cohorts.METHODS:Exam results for 32 items from an MCQ exam were used. Item discrimination and difficulty coefficients were calculated for 22 cohorts (n = 10-15 students). Discrimination coefficients were categorized according to Ebel and Frisbie (1991). Difficulty coefficients were categorized according to three guidelines by Laveault and Grégoire (2014). Descriptive analyses examined variance in item properties across cohorts.RESULTS:A large amount of variance in item properties was found across cohorts. Discrimination coefficients for items varied greatly across cohorts, with 29/32 (91%) of items occurring in both Ebel and Frisbie's 'poor' and 'excellent' categories and 19/32 (59%) of items occurring in all five categories. For item difficulty coefficients, the application of different guidelines resulted in large variations in examination length (number of items removed ranged from 0 to 22).DISCUSSION:While the psychometric properties of items can provide information on item and exam quality, they vary greatly in small cohorts. The application of guidelines with small exam cohorts should be approached with caution.


text:
Spatio-temporal distribution of gross mercury contents in the bottom sediments of small lakes of the taiga zone
Keywords:bottom sediment of small lake, Hg, geochemistry, areas of Siberia (north-south, west-east) and the southeastern edge of the Baltic Shield
The results of the study of the gross mercury content in the bottom sediments of small lakes in the taiga zone (humid sedimentogenesis) are summarized. It is shown that mercury concentrations in organomineral sediments correspond mainly to its contents in rocks of the upper continental crust (background values). In bottom sediments, mercury is adsorbed by organic matter, biogenic silica and layered silicates. The regularities of the vertical distribution of gross mercury in stratified sections of bottom sediments of lakes of the taiga zone, geographically located in different regions of Siberia and on the southeastern edge of the Baltic Shield, have been established.
This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


CommandGroups can also execute commands in parallel, simply by adding them using AddParallel(...).
See Also
Command
Subsystem
Constructor & Destructor Documentation
CommandGroup::CommandGroup ( const std::string & name)
Creates a new CommandGroup with the given name.
Parameters
namethe name for this command group
Member Function Documentation
void CommandGroup::AddParallel ( Command command)
Adds a new child Command to the group.
The Command will be started after all the previously added Commands.
Instead of waiting for the child to finish, a CommandGroup will have it run at the same time as the subsequent Commands. The child will run until either it finishes, a new child with conflicting requirements is started, or the main sequence runs a Command with conflicting requirements. In the latter two cases, the child will be canceled even if it says it can't be interrupted.
Note that any requirements the given Command has will be added to the group. For this reason, a Command's requirements can not be changed after being added to a group.
It is recommended that this method be called in the constructor.
Parameters
commandThe command to be added
void CommandGroup::AddParallel ( Command command,
double timeout
)
Adds a new child Command to the group with the given timeout.
The Command will be started after all the previously added Commands.
Once the Command is started, it will run until it finishes, is interrupted, or the time expires, whichever is sooner. Note that the given Command will have no knowledge that it is on a timer.
Instead of waiting for the child to finish, a CommandGroup will have it run at the same time as the subsequent Commands. The child will run until either it finishes, the timeout expires, a new child with conflicting requirements is started, or the main sequence runs a Command with conflicting requirements. In the latter two cases, the child will be canceled even if it says it can't be interrupted.
Note that any requirements the given Command has will be added to the group. For this reason, a Command's requirements can not be changed after being added to a group.
It is recommended that this method be called in the constructor.
Parameters
commandThe command to be added
timeoutThe timeout (in seconds)
void CommandGroup::AddSequential ( Command command)
Adds a new Command to the group.
The Command will be started after all the previously added Commands.
Note that any requirements the given Command has will be added to the group. For this reason, a Command's requirements can not be changed after being added to a group.
It is recommended that this method be called in the constructor.
Parameters
commandThe Command to be added
void CommandGroup::AddSequential ( Command command,
double timeout
)
Adds a new Command to the group with a given timeout.
The Command will be started after all the previously added commands.
Once the Command is started, it will be run until it finishes or the time expires, whichever is sooner. Note that the given Command will have no knowledge that it is on a timer.
Note that any requirements the given Command has will be added to the group. For this reason, a Command's requirements can not be changed after being added to a group.
It is recommended that this method be called in the constructor.
Parameters
commandThe Command to be added
timeoutThe timeout (in seconds)
void CommandGroup::End ( )
protectedvirtual
Called when the command ended peacefully.
This is where you may want to wrap up loose ends, like shutting off a motor that was being used in the command.
Implements Command.
void CommandGroup::Interrupted ( )
protectedvirtual
Called when the command ends because somebody called cancel() or another command shared the same requirements as this one, and booted it out.
This is where you may want to wrap up loose ends, like shutting off a motor that was being used in the command.
Generally, it is useful to simply call the end() method within this method
Implements Command.
bool CommandGroup::IsFinished ( )
protectedvirtual
Returns whether this command is finished.
If it is, then the command will be removed and end() will be called.
It may be useful for a team to reference the isTimedOut() method for time-sensitive commands.
Returns
whether this command is finished.
See Also
Command::isTimedOut() isTimedOut()
Implements Command.
The documentation for this class was generated from the following files:


text:
What is it?
Airborne captures a snapshot of current youth circus activity and provision and makes recommendations to support the development and co-ordination of Youth Circus in the UK and its relationship to the YPPT project aims and objectives.
It provides a focused study of current activity within Youth Circus itself, and through consultation with practitioners, aims to identify its particular development needs.
Who commissioned it?
Airborne was commissioned by Arts Council England to inform the development of the YPPT project and to inform the youth circus sector on required action.
The research was undertaken within the context of the Circus healthcheck and following the publication of Paving the way, a comprehensive mapping of young people's participatory theatre, which identified a significant contribution from youth circus to the national youth theatre picture.
Who wrote it?
It was produced by independent arts consultant Leila Jancovich, 2007, who conducted research through:
- development of a database of 264 existing youth circus providers
- market research through questionnaires completed by 83 groups
- consultation via three regional meetings attracting approximately 30 people

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Observing variable access using dynamic lookup wrapper
Hello,
I want to have an object that observes and records what values get accessed from a stored variable and dynamically lookup the stored variables' values on access (that part works). But if no dynamic lookup (access to a child variable) is given, I want access to the ObservableState struct to return the value itself.
The goal here is to wrap the state as if it is the variable itself, and record the access to its child variables and to the variable itself. This recorded access is later used to determine whether a View-closure should be re-run. Access to the value itself (without dynamic lookup) is necessary because the state can for example be an Int or a struct that is copied and used elsewhere.
Is there a way?
Attempt 1: somehow returning the state itself when no variable is accessed? Found no way.
@dynamicMemberLookup
struct ObservableState<State> {
 fileprivate let _state: CurrentValueRelay<State>
 // ERROR: How do I do this?
 var self: State {
 // When no variable is accessed, return the value of _state.
 _state.value
 }

 // Values of state.
 public subscript<Value>(dynamicMember keyPath: KeyPath<State, Value>) -> Value {
 return self._state.value[keyPath: keyPath]
 }
}
Attempt 2: Property Wrapper does not work because accessing values goes directly over the wrapped value.
@propertyWrapper
@dynamicMemberLookup
public struct AccessObserved<State> {
 let _state: CurrentValueRelay<State>
 let comparisonState: ComparisonState

 public var wrappedValue: State {
 get {
 print("Accessed base .state")
 comparisonState.oneIsInequatable = true
 return _state.value
 }
 }
 // ERROR: Never called, because .dot-access just returns the wrapped values' children instead of going through these.

 public subscript<Value>(dynamicMember keyPath: KeyPath<State, Value>) -> Value {
 comparisonState.oneIsInequatable = true
 return self._state.value[keyPath: keyPath]
 }

 public subscript<Value: Equatable>(dynamicMember keyPath: KeyPath<State, Value>) -> Value {
 let value = self._state.value[keyPath: keyPath]

 /// Store what values were accessed.
 print("Accessed value \(String(describing: value)) \(comparisonState.id)")
 comparisonState.accessedValues[keyPath] = AnyEquatable(value)
 print("Accessed values, new count: \(comparisonState.accessedValues.count)")

 return value
 }
}
Context:
Currently, incase any variable in the state changes, the view-closure is re-evaluated. This can be scoped down, but the scoping can be tedious and people forget to scope properly sometimes. Using the detection of access allows checking only the accessed values for comparison, automatically ignoring changes to unused variables.


text:
How to monitor Whatsapp, Viber, and other IM on Android
Easy as pie – we do all the heavy lifting.
Step 1. Install Safe Lagoon on your child's Android smartphone or tablet and send some instant messages.
Step 2. Open your Parental App or Safe Lagoon Webcenter and select the "IM chats" tab.
Step 3. Select the messenger type you would like to see chats from (Whatsapp, Viber, etc) and you will see a both sides of the commication from that particular Instant messenger. Messages are presented in chronological order.
Step 4. You can also select "All chats" and see a time line of all conversations over all instant messengers used


object. The default (when no nisplusLDAPentryTtl is specified) is 1 hour. The template mapping file /var/nis/NIS+LDAPmapping.template changes this to 12 hours for objects other than table entries. However, there is no auto-recognition of non-entry objects, so if you add mapping for a non-entry object, the TTL will default to 1 hour.
Note - There are no TTLs for nonexistent objects. Hence, no matter which TTLs are in effect for LDAP-mapped entries in an NIS+ table, a request for an entry that does not exist in NIS+ will query LDAP for that entry.
nisplusLDAPobjectDN Attribute
For each mapped NIS+ object, nisplusLDAPobjectDN establishes the location in the LDAP DIT where the object data resides. It also allows specification of the action to take when an LDAP entry is deleted. Each nisplusLDAPobjectDN value has three parts. The first specifies where LDAP data is read from, the second to where it is written, and the third what should happen when LDAP data is deleted. Refer to the following example.
nisplusLDAPobjectDN rpc_table:\
The above example shows that the rpc.org_dir table object should be read from the DN cn=rpc,ou=nisPlus, (since the value ends in a comma, the value of the defaultSearchBase attribute is appended), with scope base, and that entries with a value of nisplusObjectContainer for the ObjectClass attribute are selected.
The table object is written to the same place. The delete specification is missing, which implies the default action, which is as follows. If the NIS+ table object is deleted, the entire LDAP entry should also be deleted.
If data should be read from, but not written to LDAP, omit the write portion (and the colon separating it from the read part).
nisplusLDAPobjectDN rpc_table:\
Note that the nisplusObjectContainer object class is not part of RFC 2307. In order to use it, you must configure your LDAP server as detailed in Mapping NIS+ Objects Other Than Table Entries.
For the rpc.org_dir table entries, you could use the following example.
nisplusLDAPobjectDN rpc:ou=Rpc,?one?objectClass=oncRpc:\
The above shows that the table entries are read from and written to the base ou=Rpc. Again, the trailing comma appends the defaultSearchBase value. Select entries that have an objectClass attribute value of oncRpc. When creating an entry in the ou=Rpc container in LDAP, you also must specify top as an objectClass value.
As an example showing a non-default delete specification, consider the following.
nisplusLDAPobjectDN user_attr:\
The user_attr.org_dir data resides in the ou=People LDAP container, which it shares with account information from other sources, such as the passwd.org_dir NIS+ table.
Select entries in that container that have the solarisAttrKeyValue attribute, since only those contain user_attr.org_dir data. The dbid=user_attr_del portion of the nisplusLDAPobjectDN shows that when an entry in the user_attr.org_dir NIS+ table entry is deleted, deletion of the corresponding LDAP entry (if any) should follow the rules in the rule set identified by the user_attr_del database ID. See nisplusLDAPcolumnFromAttribute Attribute for more information.
nisplusLDAPattributeFromColumn Attribute
nisplusLDAPattributeFromColumn specifies the rules used to map NIS+ data to LDAP. Mapping rules for the other direction is controlled by nisplusLDAPcolumnFromAttribute.
nisplusLDAPcolumnFromAttribute Attribute
nisplusLDAPcolumnFromAttribute specifies the rules used to map LDAP data to NIS+.
The full entry mapping syntax can be found on NIS+LDAPmapping(4). However, a few examples should make things clearer.
The NIS+ rpc.org_dir table contains four columns called cname, name, numbe, and comment. Therefore, the entries for the NIS+ RPC program number (100300) with the canonical name nisd and the aliases rpc.nisd and nisplusd could be represented by the following NIS+ entries in rpc.org_dir.
nisd nisd 100300 NIS+ server
nisd rpc.nisd 100300 NIS+ server
nisd nisplusd 100300 NIS+ server
Assuming the defaultSearchBase value is dc=some,dc=domain, the corresponding LDAP entry, as listed by ldapsearch(1), would be the following.
dn: cn=nisd,ou=Ppc,dc=some,dc=domain
cn: nisd
cn: rpc.nsid
cn: nisplusd
oncRpcNumber: 100300
description: NIS+ server
objectClass: oncRpc
This makes for a simple one-to-one mapping between NIS+ and LDAP data, and the corresponding mapping attribute value going from NIS+ to LDAP is the following.
nisplusLDAPattributeFromColumn \
rpc: dn=("cn=%s,", name), \
 cn=cname, \
 cn=name, \
 oncRpcNumber=number, \
This constructs the DN for the entry to be cn=%s, with the value of the cname column substituted for %s.
Since the value ends in a comma, the read base value from the nisplusObjectDN is appended, and you have the following.
The oncRpcNumber and description attribute values are just simple assignments of the corresponding NIS+ column values. The rpc.nisd will collect the multiple NIS+ entries into one LDAP entry, with multiple cn values to represent the different name column values.
Similarly, the mapping from LDAP to NIS+ would be as follows.
nisplusLDAPcolumnFromAttribute \
 rpc: cname=cn, \
 (name)=(cn), \
 number=oncRpcNumber, \
The above assigns the oncRpcNumber and description values to the corresponding NIS+ columns. The multi-valued cn (denoted by (cn) is mapped to multiple name column values (denoted by (name)). Since the name column cannot be multi-valued, the rpc.nisd creates one NIS+ entry for each cn value.
Finally, the nisplusLDAPattributeFromColumn value is an example of rule sets used for deletion.
nisplusLDAPattributeFromColumn \
user_attr_del: dn=("uid=%s,", name), \
 SolarisUserQualifier=, \
 SolarisAttrReserved1=, \
 SolarisAttrReserved2=, \
Again, the user_attr.org_dir data shares the ou=People container with other account information (from the passwd.org_dir and other tables). If an entry in the user_attr.org_dir table is deleted, you probably do not want to delete the entire ou=People entry. Instead, the delete entry above says that when a user_attr.org_dir entry is deleted, the SolarisUserQualifier, SolarisAttrReserved1, SolarisAttrReserved2, and SolarisAttrKeyValue attributes (if any) are deleted from the ou=People entry specified by the following rule.
The rest of the LDAP entry is left unchanged.
NIS+ to LDAP Migration Scenarios
Likely scenarios for a migration from NIS+ to LDAP include the following.
How to Convert All NIS+ Data to LDAP in One Operation
How to Convert All LDAP Data to NIS+ in One Operation
Merging NIS+ and LDAP Data
NIS+ to LDAP Migration Scenarios showed how to synchronize NIS+ and LDAP data when data conflicts between the two should be resolved by letting either the NIS+ or the LDAP data be authoritative. Merging data requires a more complicated procedure.
The example procedure in this section assumes the following.
How to Merge NIS+ and LDAP Data
Caution - If the LDAP data should change between the download in Step 4 and the upload in Step 10, the upload might overwrite those changes. For this reason, you should try to prevent modifications to the LDAP data during this procedure. Consult your LDAP server documentation for more information.
 1. Back up all NIS+ data using the nisbackup command.
 # nisbackup -a /nisbackup
 2. Identify the NIS+ tables that have data which must be merged with LDAP. Dump the contents of these tables to flat files. For example, dump the contents of group.org_dir by using nisaddent as follows.
 # nisaddent -d group | sort > /before/group
 Piping the nisaddent output to sort will make for convenient comparison later on.
 3. Download LDAP data to NIS+.
 # /usr/sbin/rpc.nisd -D -m tmpmap \
 -x nisplusLDAPinitialUpdateAction=from_ldap \
 -x nisplusLDAPinitialUpdateOnly=yes
 4. Start the NIS+ service.
 # svcadm enable network/rpc/nisplus:default
 The rpc.nisd daemon will now be serving the data downloaded from LDAP. If the conflicts to be resolved are such that NIS+ clients should not be exposed to them, make sure to perform this and the following steps when there are few (preferably no) active NIS+ clients.
 5. Dump the NIS+ data for the affected tables.
 The following example uses the group.org_dir table.
 # nisaddent -d group | sort > /after/group
 6. Create merged versions of the tables.
 Use the file merge procedure of your choice to produce the


text:
December 14, 2008 Dutch designer Neils Smeltink's clever multifunctional bike design can adapt to the needs of children as they become older by easily transforming from a bicycle to a scooter or a walking bike. Younger children will love to use it as a walking bike or scooter while older children can use it as a real bike.
The "Kid Balance" is great as a walking bike for younger children and will teach important motor skills such as balance, coordination and how to project themselves forward. Once they become confident, you simply add on a crank axle and you have a bicycle with pedals.
The conversion from scooter is just as simple, you pull the handle and the scooter becomes a walking bike.
See more of Smeltnick's interesting designs here.
Just enter your friends and your email address into the form below
For multiple addresses, separate each with a comma

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Wiktionary.org : Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License
Use "joyance" in a sentence
"They spent the night in joyance and harmony and telling tale after tale until morning dawned, when the Caliph laid an hundred gold pieces under the prayer-carpet and all taking leave of Ala al-Din, went their way."
"For times now past and gone I spent in joyance of their love"
"Meanwhile, they brought Ma'aruf girls of the Brides of the Treasure,68 who smote on instruments of music and danced before him, and he passed that night in joyance and delight,"


text:
When it comes to traveling from the bustling metropolis of Toronto To Vancouver Flight Time to the picturesque city of Vancouver, one of the most common and convenient modes of transportation is air travel. The flight between these two major Canadian cities is a popular route, attracting both business and leisure travelers. In this article, we will delve into the Toronto to Vancouver flight time, exploring the average duration, factors that can influence it, and tips to make your journey smooth and enjoyable.
- The Average Flight Time: The flight time between Toronto and Vancouver can vary depending on several factors. On average, a direct flight between the two cities takes around 4 to 5 hours. This duration is based on non-stop flights and can fluctuate due to weather conditions, air traffic, and the type of aircraft used for the journey. It is important to note that indirect flights or those with layovers can significantly extend the total travel time, sometimes exceeding 6 to 7 hours.
- Factors Affecting Flight Duration: Numerous factors can influence the flight time from Toronto to Vancouver. Weather conditions play a crucial role, as severe weather such as storms or heavy winds can result in flight delays or diversions. Air traffic congestion can also impact the duration, especially during peak travel seasons or at busy airports. The type of aircraft used for the journey is another determining factor. Different planes have varying speeds, which can affect the overall flight time.
- Tips to Optimize Your Travel Experience: Book Direct Flights: If time is of the essence, opt for non-stop flights to avoid unnecessary layovers and minimize travel time. b. Consider Off-Peak Travel: Flying during less busy periods can increase the chances of shorter flight durations and lower ticket prices. c. Check Weather Updates: Stay informed about weather conditions in both Toronto and Vancouver to anticipate any potential flight disruptions. d. Allow for Buffer Time: Factor in some additional time between your flight arrival and any scheduled appointments or activities at your destination. e. Arrive Early at the Airport: Arriving well in advance will allow you to navigate check-in, security, and boarding procedures smoothly. f. Pack Wisely: Ensure your carry-on and checked baggage comply with airline regulations to avoid delays during security checks.
- Airlines and Flight Options: Several airlines operate flights between Toronto and Vancouver, offering a range of options to suit different budgets and preferences. Air Canada, WestJet, and Porter Airlines are among the major carriers providing direct flights on this route. Additionally, numerous other airlines offer connecting flights through their respective hub cities. Online travel agencies and airline websites can assist in comparing prices and schedules to find the most suitable flight option.
Conclusion: Traveling from Toronto to Vancouver by air is a convenient and time-saving option. While the flight duration can vary due to various factors, the average non-stop journey takes approximately 4 to 5 hours. By considering factors such as weather conditions, air traffic, and aircraft type, travelers can make informed decisions and plan their trips accordingly. Following the provided tips can help optimize the travel experience and ensure a seamless journey from Toronto to Vancouver, allowing travelers to explore the beauty of Canada's diverse cities.


text:
Coffs Harbour uses ABS information in Strategic Planning
Coffs Harbour, on the New South Wales North Coast, has become a popular place to live, placing extreme pressure on its City Council to maintain adequate supplies of land and associated infrastructure, including roads, water, sewerage, schools, hospitals and commercial development. The Council has been able to meet this challenge through successful strategic planning.
The Council uses census information to review and update its policies and plans. Estimates of resident population and population projections, were used to forecast land and infrastructure requirements for future growth and development. These figures assisted the Council to prepare strategic urban and rural residential land release programs and identify appropriate zonings in its local environmental plan.
Information on occupancy rates, dwelling types, age distribution and household types was also used to predict land take-up
rates - which help determine the timing of land releases, and the level and scope of developer contributions to be levied.
In addition, the Council has an important role in supplying relevant demographic information to service providers to ensure that service levels are appropriate to Coffs Harbour's role as a regional centre.
Business and industry use demographic information supplied by the Council to assist them in preparation of business plans and in making location decisions. Coffs Harbour City Council also receives many requests for census information from community organisations, students and individuals for a variety of purposes. This is an important aspect of Council's service to the Coffs Harbour community.
This case study is provided by Councillor John Essex-CIark
Chairman, Planning, Environment and Development Committee
Coffs Harbour City Council
This page last updated 30 July 2007


text:
Dear Teacher Columnists Win 2001 Journalism Award
Authors of the King Features Syndicate column "Dear Teacher," Peggy Gisler and Marge Eberts, received a 2001 Award for Excellence in news reporting from the Stuttering Foundation of America (SFA). The "Dear Teacher" columnists were one of 7 recipients chosen by the SFA for successfully enhancing the public's understanding of this complex speech disorder.
"Journalists have given unprecedented attention to the causes and treatment of stuttering over the past year," said Jane Fraser, president of the 54-year-old nonprofit foundation. "The entries from print, radio and electronic media have shown an increased sensitivity to a speech disorder that affects millions of people."
The "Dear Teacher" column recognized by the SFA was one that offered teachers resource information and timely tips for children who stutter in the classroom.
The Stuttering Foundation is a nonprofit organization based in Memphis, Tenn., that has worked toward the prevention and improved treatment of stuttering since 1947. For more information call the SFA toll free at _PHONE_ or log on to their Web site at _URL_.
Click here to learn more about "Dear Teacher" authors Peggy Gisler and Marge Eberts.


Essential Facts: Lebanon, Maine
The typical family unit size in Lebanon, ME is 3.2 family members members, with 83.9% being the owner of their own residences. The mean home appraisal is $190332. For individuals paying rent, they pay out on average $1036 monthly. 63.5% of households have two sources of income, and an average domestic income of $64896. Median individual income is $27288. 4.7% of inhabitants are living at or beneath the poverty line, and 15.3% are considered disabled. 9.3% of residents are veterans for the armed forces.
A Exploration Pc-mac Simulation About North West New Mexico's Chaco Canyon Park
The labor pool participation rate in Lebanon is 72.3%, with an unemployment rate of 3.5%. For those of you within the labor force, the average commute time is 30 minutes. 3.1% of Lebanon's population have a grad degree, and 9.3% have a bachelors degree. Among the people without a college degree, 35.2% have at least some college, 36.2% have a high school diploma, and just 16.1% have received an education not as much as senior school. 14.6% are not covered by medical insurance.


→ Start healthfully with our BMI Weight Loss Calculator
How to Tell If You Broke Your Nose
By Alicia Bodine ; Updated July 27, 2017
A broken nose is extremely painful. You may not even know that you have a broken nose at first, because some symptoms do not emerge until three days later. Often, though, the symptoms of a broken nose are obvious. Once a broken nose is confirmed, treatment can begin. Treatment can be as simple as packing the nose and waiting for it to heal, or as complicated as having a few surgeries.
 1. Watch for swelling. If your nose is broken, it will swell up. The whole nose may be puffy, or it may just be puffy on one side. This depends on where the break is.
 2. Keep an eye out for bruising. Broken noses often leave nasty-looking bruises around your nose and under your eye.
 3. Look for blood. If you break your nose, it is highly likely you will bleed out of your nose.
 4. Touch your nose and see if it produces pain. Is it tender in that area? If so, you may have broken it.
 5. Examine the shape of your nose. Has it changed shape, or does it look crooked? This is an excellent indicator that your nose is broken.
 6. Try to breath through your nose. If breathing is difficult, you most likely have broken your nose.
 7. Get an X-ray if you have the above mentioned symptoms. This is the only way to confirm that your nose is broken. Your primary care doctor can order the X-ray, or you can visit an emergency room and have it done.
 8. Tip
 Place an ice pack or some frozen peas on your nose as soon as you think you might have broken it. This will help with the swelling until you can get help.
 Warnings
 Get examined by a doctor. If you don't, and your nose is broken so badly that you need surgery, you may have breathing problems for the rest of your life.
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text:
Could you help us to review the character of the Parish?
The historic environment makes an important contribution to the character of the Parish as a distinctive, interesting and special place. The buildings, spaces, associations and history that combine to create places mean different things to different people. Using the Character Assessment toolkit should help you to analyse the character of areas, spaces and buildings in a structured way. This should help to identify, define and understand the significance and value of different features of the environment that contribute to its character and distinctiveness.
While there is an accepted need for some change to occur within the Parish, proposals for change should be measured against their existing significance to ensure that their present values are not eroded. This should help to ensure that change enhances and sustains the value of the historic and rural environment of the Parish for ourselves and future generations. The evidence and understanding provided by the process will enable management of change in an effective and positive manner.


text:
What influences a child to choose a career on the family farm, and when is that decision made? A new University of Illinois study of pre-teen farm youth suggests that the foundations for this life choice are set early and that maternal influence, rather than paternal expectations, may be key.
Although previous studies have focused on high-school-aged youth, Angela Wiley's training in child development led her to believe farm kids would be influenced toward or against farming earlier than that. "Research implies that an important life decision such as this would be rooted in the early activities, education, and relationships of farm children," she says.
Wiley, an assistant professor in human development and family studies, surveyed 40 farm children aged 10 to 13 and also interviewed their parents. She found that children who did more work at home were more likely to plan to farm, that mothers had more influence than fathers on farm children's future plans, and that perceptions of parental worry over the family farm's future also affected children.
"Mothers have a strong influence on farm children. It may be that children, as they work around the house, have more opportunity to take in their mother's attitudes toward farming. If she is positive about farming as a career choice and a lifestyle, it may affect the child's later decision," Wiley says.
Although farm parents were careful to keep anxiety about the farm operation from their children, Wiley's respondents picked up on it anyway. If they believed their parents were worried about the farm, there was a "let-me-make-it-better" effect, says Wiley, that led the children to plan to continue in the family business.
"They seem to have taken on a sense of responsibility from an early age that this is a family endeavor and I need to do my part," Wiley says. "Their plans to farm later may be an attempt to ease their parents' worries and to ensure the continuance of the family enterprise."
Wiley says parents are finding time to talk and be with their children. And this investment is likely to pay off in the future not only in terms of children's development and adjustment, but also in terms of the viability of family farms, she concludes.


text:
Foods, Nutrients and Calories
Gravels, Substances and Oils
CaribSea, Freshwater, Eco-Complete Cichlid, Gravel weighs 1 153.33 kg/m³ (72.00004 lb/ft³) with specific gravity of 1.15333 relative to pure water. Calculate how much of this gravel is required to attain a specific depth in a cylindrical, quarter cylindrical or in a rectangular shaped aquarium or pond [ weight to volume | volume to weight | price ]
Weights and Measurements
Electric current is a motion of electrically charged particles within conductors or space.


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What is a 4G Mobile DVR? How much does it cost?
What is a 4G mobile DVR?
A 4G mobile DVR is a vehicle-mounted hard disk video recording device with 4G communication transmission capability. The 4G transmission enables the DVR to carry clearer onboard monitoring cameras and achieve 1080p ultra-clear video recording. "4G" typically refers to the device's support for 4G network connections, allowing remote real-time viewing and management of vehicle monitoring screens, as well as alarm and warning functions.
How much does a 4G mobile DVR cost?
The YUWEI standard 4G Mobile DVR costs $125 and features global 4G wireless transmission, WIFI communication, DVR functionality, and BDS/GPS dual-mode positioning. It supports advanced monitoring functions such as ADAS (Advanced Driving Assistance System), BSD (Blind Spot Detection), DSM (Driver Status Monitoring), passenger status, cabin loading, cargo conditions, etc. This ensures a high level of intelligent monitoring and enhances overall safety.
4G mobile DVR specifications:
4G mobile DVR features:
This vehicle-mounted hard disk recorder has the following features and functions:
1. The technical core has an internationally leading visual recognition algorithm engine that is accurate and reliable, used in danger driving warning systems and driver status monitoring systems.
2. Supports intelligent monitoring functions, including ADAS (Advanced Driving Assistance System), BSD (Blind Spot Detection), and DSM (Driver Behavior Safety Warning), which can monitor passenger status, cabin loading status, and cargo status, etc.
3. Supports network remote upgrade programs, allowing software and functions to be updated remotely over the network.
4. Supports GPS/Beidou satellite real-time positioning, enabling accurate acquisition of vehicle location information.
5. Provides 6-channel analog video input, including 2-channel 1080P HD video, 2-channel audio input, 1-channel IPC input, and 1-channel CVBS output, achieving comprehensive audio and video intelligent monitoring and recording.
6. Data storage supports hard disk storage and SD card storage, ensuring data security through dual storage.
7. The device has a hard disk shock protection mechanism, which can effectively prevent damage to the hard disk caused by vibration.
8. Built-in protection memory provides additional data protection and backup functions.
9. Supports UPR (Uninterruptible Power Supply Recording) function, ensuring that video data is not lost in the event of a power outage.
10. Has low voltage protection function to protect the safe use of vehicle batteries.
11. The device has a patented storage medium protection device to prevent illegal disassembly of the hard disk and SD card.
12. Supports the next-generation video standard H265, providing more efficient video compression and storage.
13. Adopts a single-board design with high integration and high reliability.
14. Uses a unique streaming media file system storage method to ensure data security and prevent tampering.
What types of fleets are suitable for 4G mobile DVR?
4G mobile DVR can be used for tracking and monitoring management of fleets such as trucks, buses, taxis, school buses, and dump trucks. It can be paired with a software system backend, allowing managers to remotely view the status of the fleet. It supports remote operations (such as remote vehicle lock).


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New Martinsburg, Ohio facts for kids
New Martinsburg was originally called Martinsburg, and under the latter name was laid out in 1831. The community derives its name from Martinsburg, West Virginia, the native home of a share of the first settlers. A post office was established at New Martinsburg in 1831, and remained in operation until 1906.
New Martinsburg, Ohio Facts for Kids. Kiddle Encyclopedia.


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Graduate Certificate in Public Interest Design
The Graduate Certificate in Public Interest Design has been created as a means to prepare future leaders in architecture, urban planning, sustainability, community development and other fields to aid currently underserved populations through sustainable, human-centered design methods. The Certificate will provide an educational foundation for entry into the emerging field of Public Interest Design, through academic studies and hands-on experience in the field, working directly with communities in need to address issues such as inadequate shelter, food and water scarcity, disaster preparedness and recovery, and economic well-being.
The Certificate in Public Interest Design will be offered to both graduate students and professionals in Portland and beyond. The certificate consists of 18 credit hours of course options from several disciplines, with a focus on the "triple bottom line" of sustainability (social, environmental and economic), ranging from Social Entrepreneurship to Environmental Sustainability to Creating Collaborative Communities . The coursework is anchored by a seminar in public interest design and culminates in fieldwork or practicum on a real-world public interest design project.


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SANITARY MODULE LUNARES
Type: Realization Project for research purpose
Team: Agata Mintus, Leszek Orzechowski, Joanna Jurga
Sanitary Module in LunAres
A new sanitary module was designed for the LunAres Research Station to enable studies on recycling grey water for both purposes, flashing toilet and watering plants. The unit is located in a 30 square meter sea container equipped with basic hygiene installations and devices accessible for the disabled. Additionally, there is an experimental space included, which can be used for potential hydroponic laboratory. All installations in the container are accompanied by separates flow meters for detailed monitoring of water usage. The module also includes a dry toilet that produces compost as well as a separated compartment destined for a greenhouse. The toilet is primed with a substrate for initiating composting – coconut husk fibres. This allows for extended collection pre usage in a hydroponic system.


2 minute read
The short answer is: It is complicated. The Icelandic constitution says that anyone can live off government land property but that only means berries, mushroom, Icelandic moss, seaweed and the like. It does not mean you can fish or hunt game since all animals in Iceland are protected unless otherwise stated or you got a hunting licence.
What can you eat in Icelandic nature?
Icelanders aren't as lucky as their friends in many other places for we do not have any fruit trees. A few people have started growing apple and pear trees in their gardens, but you won't find those out in the open.
We do, however, have many different kinds of berries such as blueberries, whortleberries, and strawberries. You will also find crowberries and rock brambles (which look a bit like a cross between red currant and raspberries). People also grow black currant, red currant and raspberries but you will not find them out in the wild.
Herbs and spices
Herbs and spices grow wild in Icelandic fields, and you can find creeping thyme (also called the ever so punny name wild thyme) and alpine lady's mantle (which is good for a sore throat). Additionally, chervil, lupine and angelica grow wild around the country.
You will find many kinds of seaweeds at the beach. Of that, Dulse is very popular, and some people call vertebrata lanosa the truffles of the north because they have a similar taste.
If you know mushrooms, you can pick them at will, but if you're not sure about them, it can be dangerous.
What is not allowed?
You cannot hunt animals. You can catch fish in the sea, but you can't catch salmon, trout or any other fish in rivers and lakes unless you have a fishing permit (which is expensive). It's the same with birds, and you definitely cannot hunt lambs, horses, cows or any other domestic animals. They are all privately owned. Reindeer are also off limit. You need to apply for a hunting licence, and it can take up to three years to get permission to use a gun in Iceland.
What does this mean?
It means you will need to buy most of your food. You will not be able to forage enough food for you to survive with Iceland. However, please do forage for spices, berries and other similar things. They are quite delicious.
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John Jeffrey (14 November 1826 – 1854) was a Scottish botanist and plant-hunter active in the United States.
Jeffrey was born in Forneth, Parish of Clunie, west of Blairgowrie and Rattray in east Perthshire. While working as a gardener for Edinburgh's Royal Botanic Garden, he was appointed by a Scottish group known as the Oregon Association (established 1849) to travel to North America. There he would collect seeds and continue the efforts of botanist David Douglas (1799–1834).
Jeffrey arrived at Hudson Bay in August 1850 and travelled more than 1,200 miles (1,900 km) overland to reach the Columbia River. He then spent the next four years exploring Washington, Oregon, and California, sending his specimens back to Scotland. In 1854 he disappeared while travelling from San Diego across the Colorado Desert. Despite attempts to find him, he was never seen again.
At the time, Jeffrey was criticised for poor results but his discoveries, particularly of conifers, were significant. The Jeffrey Pine (Pinus jeffreyi), which he discovered near California's Mount Shasta in 1852, and the flowering plant Dodecatheon jeffreyi were named in his honour.
- Coville, Frederick V., "The Itinerary of John Jeffrey, An Early Botanical Explorer of Western North America", in Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 23 March 1897. Vol. 11, pp. 57–60.
- Harvey, A. G., "John Jeffrey: Botanical Explorer", in The Siskiyou Pioneer in Folklore, Fact and Fiction and Yearbook, Siskiyou County Historical Society. 1947. pp. 17–19, 39.
- Woods, P. and J., "The Oregon Expedition 1850–1854: John Jeffrey and his Conifers", Acta Horticulturae 615: IV International Conifer Conference.


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The Federation of Egalitarian Communities
The Federation of Egalitarian Communities is a network of communes spread across North America. We range in size and emphasis from small agricultural homesteads to village-like communities to urban group houses.
Each of the Federation communities:
- Holds its land, labor, income and other resources in common.
- Assumes responsibility for the needs of its members, receiving the products of their labor and distributing these and all other goods equally, or according to need.
- Practices non-violence
- Uses a form of decision making in which members have an equal opportunity to participate, either through consensus, direct vote or right of appeal or overrule.
- Works to establish the equality of all people and does not permit discrimination on the basis of race, class, creed, ethnic origin, age, sex or sexual orientation.
- Acts to conserve natural resources for present and future generations while striving to continually improve ecological awareness and practice.
- Creates processes for group communication and participation and provides an environment which supports people's development


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Hi guys, i need help with this problem that i seriously have no idea with.
with t=0 representing the year 1990.
1. What is the population of elk in the year 2004
2. Determine the years between 1990 and 2020 in which the elk population is at its maximum
3 Explain the period of the function in context of the problem
4 Graph the function showing the elk population from 1990 to 2020. identify the points on the graph you determined in parts 1 and 2.


YouTuber blocked for discussing 'black versus white' chess strategy
YouTube's AI blocks channel after allegedly mistaking discussions about CHESS pieces being 'black' and 'white' for racist slurs
 - Chess YouTuber Antonio Radic's channel was blocked for 'harmful' content
 - Radic thinks his discussion of 'black versus white' in chess strategy set off the AI
 - Researchers tested AI software 680,000 comments on YouTube chess channels
 - Over 80 percent of comments marked as hate speech were incorrectly flagged
 - Terms like 'black,' 'white,' 'attack' and 'threat' seemed to have set off the filters
YouTube's overeager AI might have misinterpreted a conversation about chess as racist language.
Last summer, a YouTuber who produces popular chess videos saw his channel blocked for including what the site called 'harmful and dangerous' content.
YouTube didn't explain why it had blocked Croatian chess player Antonio Radic, also known as 'Agadmator,' but service was restored 24 hours later.
The researchers suggest social-media platforms incorporate chess language into their algorithms to prevent further confusion.
Scroll down for video
Popular chess YouTuber Antonio Radic had his channel blocked last summer for 'harmful and dangerous' content. He believes the platform's AI mistakenly flagged him for discussing 'black versus white' in a chess conversation
With more than a million subscribers, Agadmator is considered the most popular chess vertical on YouTube.
But on June 28, Radic's channel was blocked after he posted a segment with Grandmaster Hikaru Nakamura, a five-time champion and the youngest American to earn the title of Grandmaster.
YouTube didn't provide him with a reason for blocking the channel.
In addition to human moderators, YouTube uses AI algorithms to ferret out prohibited content—but if they're not fed the right examples to provide context, those algorithms can flag benign videos.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon tested two top speech classifiers, AI software that can be trained to detect hate speech. More than 80 percent of the comments the programs flagged lacked any racist language, but they did include chess terms like 'black,' 'white,' 'attack' and 'threat'
Radic's channel was reinstated after 24 hours, leading him to speculate his use of the phrase 'black against white' in the Nakamura was the culprit.
At the time, he was talking about the two opposing sides in a chess game.
Ashiqur R. KhudaBukhsh, a computer scientist at Carnegie Melon's Language Technologies Institute, suspected Radic was right.
'We don't know what tools YouTube uses, but if they rely on artificial intelligence to detect racist language, this kind of accident can happen,' KhudaBukhsh said.
To test his theory, KhudaBukhsh and fellow researcher Rupak Sarkar ran tests on two cutting-edge speech classifiers, AI software that can be trained to detect hate speech.
Radic's channel was blocked for 24 hours after he posted this video, featuring a conversation with Grandmaster Hikaru Nakamura
Using the software on over 680,000 comments taken from five popular YouTube chess channels, they found 82 percent of the comments flagged in a sample set didn't include any obvious racist language or hate speech.
Words such as 'black,' 'white,' 'attack' and 'threat' seemed to have set off the filters, KhudaBukhsh and Sarkar said in a presentation this month at the annual Association for the Advancement of AI conference.
The software's accuracy depends on the examples its given, KhudaBukhsh said, and the training data sets for YouTube's classifiers 'likely include few examples of chess talk, leading to misclassification.'
Radić, 33, started his YouTube channel in 2017 and has more than a millions subscribers. His most popular video, a review of a 1962 match, has garnered more than 5.5 million views
If someone as well-known as Radic is being erroneously blocked, he added, 'it may well be happening quietly to lots of other people who are not so well known.'
 YouTube declined to indicate what caused Radic's video to be flagged, but told Mail Online, 'When it's brought to our attention that a video has been removed mistakenly, we act quickly to reinstate it.'
'We also offer uploaders the ability to appeal removals and will re-review the content,' a representative said. 'Agadmator appealed the removal, and we quickly reinstated the video.'
Radić, 33, started his YouTube channel in 2017 and, within a year, its revenue exceeded his day job as a wedding videographer.
'I always loved chess but I live in a small town and there weren't too many people I could talk to about [it],' he told ESPN last year. 'So, starting a YouTube channel kind of made sense.'
His most popular video, a review of a 1962 match between Rashid Nezhmetdinov and Oleg Chernikov, has garnered more than 5.5 million views to date.
COVID lockdowns have sparked a renewed interest in chess: Since March 2020, the server and social network has added roughly 2 million new members a month since the pandemic began, Annenberg Media reported.
The game of kings has also benefited from the popularity of 'The Queen's Gambit,' an acclaimed mini-series about a troubled female chess master that dropped on Netflix in October.
Source: Read Full Article


How To Emphasize Things In Chinese
Aug 11, 2021 | Chinese Language
Many foreigners consider China as an ideal destination for them to develop their careers due to the rapid growth of China's economy. Those who have had the chance to live in China were certainly amazed by the rich food culture and the stunning natural scenery. Therefore, it'll be interesting to learn a couple of Chinese phrases that you can use when you're deeply impressed by what you see or what you hear. In fact, some of the following structures that you're about to learn can also come in handy when you would like to put an emphasis on something. So, let's have a look at how to emphasize things in Chinese.
太 (tài) + adj. + 了 (le)
The meaning of this structure is "too/so……". What's interesting about this structure is that it can be used to make a complaint or pay a compliment.
niú ròu tài là le
The beef is too spicy
It's easy to tell that the structure is used to make a complaint in this sentence.
nǐ de zhōng wén tài hǎo le
Your Chinese is so good
In this sentence, the structure is used to pay a compliment.
真 (zhēn) + adj. + 啊 (a)
The meaning of真 (zhēn) is "real", therefore, the whole structure means "really……". The word 啊 (a) at the end is often used to make an exclamative sentence, which means you can use this structure if someone or something impresses you.
zhè gè shāng chǎng zhēn dà a!
This shopping mall is really big!
shāng chǎng
shopping mall
Having fun learning how to emphasize things in Chinese? Let's keep going with some more structures.
就 (jiù) + verb
The character "就 (jiù)" can be translated as "right" or "just". One of the most common ways to use "就 (jiù)" is to combine it with a verb to emphasize a certain fact. Here are two dialogues that can help you better understand this structure:
A: 谁是Jason?
shéi shì Jason?
Who is Jason?
B: 我就是 Jason
wǒ jiù shì Jason.
That's me.
As you may have noticed, the literal translation of the answer is "I'm right Jason", which turns out to be an emphasis. Another example can be the following dialogue:
A: Mike 在哪里?
Mike zài nǎli?
Where is Mike?
B: 他就在这里
tā jiù zài zhèli
He is right here
是 (shì)………的 (de)
Similar to the previous structure, "是 (shì)………的 (de)" is often used by Chinese people when they want to lay stress on a certain part of a sentence. It's important for you to remember that what you want to emphasize goes right after "是 (shì)", and "的 (de)" is always at the end of a sentence.
wǒ shì zuò fēi jī lái shàng hǎi de
I came to Shanghai by plane
In this sentence, the part to be emphasized is the mode of transport, which is "坐飞机 (zuò fēi jī)", meaning "to take a plane".
zhè bēi kā fēi shì wǒ mǎi de
I bought this cup of coffee
As for this sentence, it emphasizes the fact that "This cup of coffee was not bought by anyone else but me".
不 (bù) / 没 (méi) + verb +object + 吗 (ma)?
This structure is usually used when you're surprised by a certain fact in order to emphasize that it's beyond your expectation.
nǐ bù xǐ huān kā fēi ma?
Don't you like coffee?
nǐ zuó tiān méi qù xué xiào ma?
Didn't you go to school yesterday?
We hope you enjoyed reading about how to emphasize things in Chinese. If you are interested in learning more about specific Mandarin Chinese, have a read about Mandarin Chinese loan words!
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text: This paper introduces a lightweight knee assisting robot called 'COWALK-M' and a control methodology using estimated ground slope and intended walking speed of the wearer. It is designed to assist stroke patients suffering from mild hemiplegia to move the paretic knee joint during Activities of Daily Living(ADL). The COWALK-M has various kinds of sensors including pressure sensors under the soles as well as encoders at the knee and ankle joints. These sensors are used to detect gait phases in real-time and finite state machine (FSM) is implemented for quiet standing and forward walking. Furthermore, ground slope as well as gait speed is estimated in order to provide the wearer with the most appropriate trajectory. To evaluate the performance of gait segmentation algorithm and gait speed/ground slope estimator, experiments on walking with and without a treadmill were conducted on five subjects under different speeds and different inclines. Despite a small number of sensors used, our method showed relatively high success rates for phase detection and a small error for estimators.


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Generic service component development for SPICE environment
MetadataShow full item record
This master thesis provides a study of the initial generic component model developed within the Service Platform for Innovative Communication Environment (SPICE) project and gives some examples of service components focusing on enabling components. An evaluation of the metadata describing these components is given along with the description of a roaming service functionality. This thesis defines the term enabling service, which is a service used by another service in order to provide parts of the service functionality. Enabling services can be Instant Messaging enablers, location enablers and service discovery facilities. Proper metadata descriptions of these components are important in order to provide efficient discovery. Service roaming can also be seen as an enabling service providing the means for a user to change domains while still maintaining a service offer. This can be realised by a roaming agent who communicates with entities in both the home domain and the visited domain. In collaboration with two other students a testbed implementing a service for demonstration realising the SPICE E-Tourism scenario has been set up. The specification, implementation and testing of the service is included in this thesis focusing on the enabling services and the component support. Finally a discussion of the implemented system is given to evaluate the development methodology for the SPICE service components and to highlight possible improvements.


Cross Exchange Rate Calculator
Enter the exchange rate or currency A to C and the exchange rate from B to C into the cross exchange rate calculator. The calculator will return the Cross Rate from A to B.
Cross Exchange Rate Formula
The following formula is used to calculate the cross exchange rate of 3 different currencies, A,B, and C.
A:B = A:C/B:C
 - Where A, B, and C are different currency rates.
When analyzing currency exchanges it's important to point out that the ratio of exchange rates is constantly changing from day to day. This formula can also be used to calculate cross exchange rates of things that are not currencies.
Cross Exchange Rate Definition
A cross exchange rate is the ratio of exchange rates between two or more currencies on the open market.
How to calculate cross exchange rate?
How to calculate a cross exchange rate
 1. Determine the ratio between currency A and C.
 Using your tool of choice, look up the exchange rate between currency A and C. This will be your A:C ratio
 2. Next, determine the ratio between currency B and C
 This will be your B:C ratio. You can use the same tool or database as used in step 1.
 3. Finally, calculate A:B
 Using the formula above and the ratios from steps 1 and 2, you can now calculate the A:B cross exchange rate.
What is a cross exchange rate?
A cross exchange rate is a term typically used in economics to describe the comparison of two currencies through the use of a third common currency. For example, if you know the rates between A and C and B and C, then you can estimate the rates between A and C assuming the same rules apply to exchanges.
How can i use a cross exchange rate?
Cross exchange rates can be used to calculate fair market values for exchanging of any goods or services, not just currencies. For example, if you want a chicken, and it costs 1 blanket, but you don't have a blanket, then you need to exchange something else, say a rock. If you know that rock is also worth one blanket, then you can exchange the rock for that chicken.
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Translation of mountebank in Spanish:
- [literary/literario] embaucador, (masculine, feminine), charlatán, (masculine, feminine)Example sentences
- Additional evidence indicates that it was a term used among medical mountebanks in Tudor times.
- The word toady comes from 'toad-eater': a quack's or mountebank's assistant who would eat, or pretend to eat, a toad so he could be cured by the medicine man.
- There had always been mountebanks and charlatans operating in the public squares, but they now dominated the marketplace.
What do you find interesting about this word or phrase?
Find out how to write letters in Spanish, including advice on greetings, layout, endings...
Crianza is a term which refers both to the process of ageing wines, and to a category of wines, vinos de crianza, which have been aged for a minimum of two years, first in barrels or the more modern stainless steel tanks, and then in the bottle.


Genealogy Friday: Genealogy Gift Ideas for Senior Adults
posted in: Genealogy, Gifts, Holidays, Pictures | 0
 1. Blankets—older adults often get cold very easily. However, you can take a picture and have Wal-Mart, Walgreens, Shutterfly
 family puzzle
 family puzzle
 or another company create a blanket from a family picture.
 2. Coffee Mugs—each morning my grandmother has hot chocolate with her 3 great-grandchildren. This mug was a Christmas present and she loves it.
 3. Calendars—create a calendar using family pictures. Once again you can easily create this online.
 4. Pillows—use family pictures and create pillows. You can make your own or order online.
 5. Find or make old style toys {dolls, cars, etc} that your loved one may have grown up with. This may prompt all types of memories.
 6. Puzzles—create a puzzle or order one online based on a family picture. This can be so much fun for everyone as the family slowly begins to take shape. You'll be saying, "This is "insert name" nose…"
 7. Ornaments—create family ornaments that are special to your family.
 family quilt
 family quilt
 8. Crossword Puzzles or Word Searches using family names, places, etc. you can find online software to help you with this.
 9. Magnets for the refrigerator, kitchen or cabinets with family pictures. Senior adults love to brag on their grandchildren and great-grandchildren.
 10. Family Quilt—if you enjoy quilting, create a quilt using pictures of family members.
 11. Bonus: Life of Yesteryear—memory books for grandparents can easily be found. This is a great gift for everyone. Grandma/Grandpa can write out their memories which will be saved and cherished for years to come.
What are some fun gift ideas you have?


What does q-snare proteins mean?
Definitions for q-snare proteins
Here are all the possible meanings and translations of the word q-snare proteins.
U.S. National Library of Medicine
 1. Q-SNARE Proteins
 SNARE proteins in which the central amino acid residue of the SNARE motif is a GLUTAMINE. They are classified separately from the R-SNARE PROTEINS where the central amino acid residue of the SNARE motif is an ARGININE. Subfamilies, the QA-SNARES; QB-SNARES; and QC-SNARES are grouped by the position of their SNARE motif-containing-domains in the SNARE complex and by their sequence similarities.
Numerology
 1. Chaldean Numerology
 The numerical value of q-snare proteins in Chaldean Numerology is: 7
 2. Pythagorean Numerology
 The numerical value of q-snare proteins in Pythagorean Numerology is: 1
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Does sports jargon exclude women and alienate international teams?
Using sports jargon or idioms in the workplace can exclude women and be cross-culturally alienating in international teams
There has already been some controversial debate about whether the typically male-led, sports banter culture in the office can lead to women feeling excluded in the workplace. As Chartered Management Institute head Ann Francke described, many women can 'feel left out' when male colleagues discuss the latest football, cricket or basketball games. It's also a 'gateway to' or 'signal of' more laddish, sexist, or even violent culture. But further to this, our sports-heavy culture means that sports jargon and sports-based idioms have pervaded deep into our daily language. Particularly in the workplace. These days it is common for us to hear sporting analogies at work; we can be blindsided, getting down to the wire or with the ball in our court. Not only can these terms be confusing and exclusionary for women who don't feel included in the traditionally male sporting culture, these terms can also be cross-culturally alienating in international teams.
They can also exclude or disadvantage anyone who is not interested in the world of sports.
sports jargon exclude women
Can sports jargon exclude women?
What kind of language are we talking about?
So to put this to the test and discover how deep sports jargon really goes, and does sports jargon exclude women. 3Plus's Dorothy Dalton reached out to her LinkedIn network for a professional opinion. We dug into the types of idioms and phrases that people commonly hear and use in the workplace without thinking and got some thought-provoking responses and comments.
Hit below the belt
The common phrase referring to something that is excessively hurtful, inappropriate or insulting, actually originates from boxing. This comes from a boxer unfairly striking their opponent below the waist in an illegal move that targets the legs or crotch. Career coach, Shelley Piedmont, highlighted it's particularly negative imagery. We agree that the gendered and violent picture it paints could be left out of the office, thanks.
Being blindsided refers to not seeing something coming or not anticipating an event. This derives from American Football and hitting a player on his 'blind-side' or the other side to which they are looking. It highlights the need for cultural sensitivity around an international team or non-American or sports-loving audience.
Contact 3Plus for help with Executive Search and Diversity Recruitment.
Having skin in the game
An interesting phrase, volunteered by Business Analysis Leader Christina Lovelock, as one to be bypassed is 'having skin in the game'. Often used in business to mean having a significant stake in business or project, it derives from the derby races, the owners of the horses literally having skin the game, and therefore the most to lose. Perhaps needlessly physical and aggressive tone for a business meeting?
On the back 9
Resume writer Virginia Franco, highlighted this golfing phrase as a typical way to express being almost finished with a task in the workplace. It refers to the second 9 holes of an 18-hole golf course. Virginia admitted using the phrase while not even playing golf herself. It goes to highlight how deep-rooted these phrases are while showing the confusion they may cause.
Beat around the bush
Business Analyst Martin Simmons reminded us of this common phrase used by many, meaning to stall or waste time. The origin of this one may surprise you, coming from hunting in medieval times where hired men would beat the areas around bushes to flush out game hiding in there.
Left Field
LinkedIn specialist Petra Fisher highlighted the phrase 'left field' as one that she may use without thinking. It expresses something that surprises you, the phrase comes from the US sport baseball when the ball is thrown to home base or first plate from the area covered by the left field. Petra went further to mention that not only sports phrases, but all culturally specific language, can cause misunderstandings and is therefore best to be avoided in the workplace.
Down to the wire
Down to the wire refers to a tense situation where the outcome is not known until very close to the end. It comes from the wire marking the end of a race in horse racing but is dropped regularly into business-speak. Not something on everyone's radar.
Calling an audible
Capacity building and KM Specialist Joe O'Connor admitted being confused by American-Football-specific phrase 'calling an audible' in a new job. Referring to the Quarterback making a last minute change to the play based on how he sees the defence lining up, highlights how many people will struggle to understand idioms like this.
An all-star in sports refers to a player of the highest calibre and is often translated to the workplace. It has even made its way to LinkedIn where you can upgrade to an all-star profile, but is this language universal and inclusive?
What about idioms from other cultures?
Ok, so we can see issues that arise from very culture-specific sporting language can exclude or confuse. But does the same apply to idioms in general from different countries? Every country has its own specific ways of saying things that will likely only serve to confuse non-native speakers. So, in an ever more global and international workplace, should we avoid using idioms altogether? Florence Ranson, Founder of REDComms in Brussels, who works with the majority of non-native English speakers, says she makes a point of not cracking jokes or using puns and idioms that people may not understand. Unfortunately not the case in all companies. Let's explore some examples of idioms from different countries.
sports jargon exclude women
To add your mustard (Deinen Senf dazugeben)
In Germany adding your mustard is the equivalent to adding your opinion or '2 cents' in English. This phrase was volunteered to 3Plus by International Talent Recruiter, Stella Leaburn, who on hearing it for the first time in a network meeting was worried she should have brought mustard to the meeting.
Have other cats to whip (J'ai d'autres chats à fouetter)
This interesting French idiom means you have something urgent to do, but has the literal meaning 'I have other cats to whip'. Along with the English equivalent of having other fish to fry, how can we expect non-native speakers to know if they are in an office or a pet shop?
Hang noodles on someone's ears (Вешать лапшу на уши /veshat' lapshu na ushi)
This Russian idiom meaning to fool someone may seem more like a surreal scene in a restaurant than office-appropriate banter for non-native Russian speakers.
So, should sports and local idioms stay separate to work?
The topic does spark some controversy. While some people view sports idioms as confusing or exclusionary, others claim that sports are just a part of culture. It can also be problematic in itself to suggest that women don't like, or can't join in with, sports language. Some women suggest their interest in sport played by men helps them fit into male coded environments. Others argue that international people enjoy learning new idioms and this is just a challenge they face working in a second language like any other. However while this may be true, what is undeniable is that most mainstream sports discussed in the workplace, usually refer to teams with almost exclusively male players.
Sports idioms are also often specific to sports played in one or a select few countries, and can delve into technical details that are not inclusive to all types of people. The analogies and idioms often bring in competitive, gendered or violent imagery and propagate a male-heavy environment. Also, if being interested in sports has nothing to do with the work you do, why should you be expected, or penalised for not understanding or engaging with it in the workplace? It is an environment where in every other aspect we are expected to be formal, professional and neutral.
We say why not just leave sports outside the office altogether?
Tackle these issues head on with our Managing Unconscious Bias workshops. Contact 3Plus now!
Hanna Greeman Contributor
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Sexism and stereotypes starts at home
Sexism and gender stereotyping starts at home with us. I have been spending time with small children recently and have become very aware of all sorts of things in the type of influences that they are exposed to and can see how we embed stereotypes every day without thinking. It's in books, movies, and even clothes that I had completely forgotten about.
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Klang Valley Mass Rapid Transit Serdang - Sungai Buluh - Putrajaya Line (KVMRT) Line 2 Project
The Project entails the DDC7 Civil and Structural Design Services which is one of seven detailed design packages for the Underground Works section of the Klang Valley Mass Rapid Transit Serdang - Sungai Buluh - Putrajaya Line (known as KVMRT Line 2) in Kuala Lumpur.
It consists of three underground stations, namely Conlay Station, Chan Sow Lin Station, as well as alteration and additional works to Tun Razak Exchange Station.
CECI's role as designer involves the following types of activities:
Structural Engineering Design including foundation design;
Geotechnical Engineering Design;
Additional and alternation works to the existing railway station and its facilities (links and systems);
Infrastructure works in relation to or connected to the stations including earthworks, road works, drainage works, utility diversions, traffic diversions and management, walkways, substations and pedestrian bridges;
Coordination with other detailed design consultants;
Other activities, such as, Building Information Modelling (BIM), Risk Management, Interface Management, Value Engineering, etc.


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The leaf wetness sensor detects the presence of condensation on its sensitive surface and has been designed to accurately reproduce the thermodynamic behaviour of a leaf.
The leaf wetness degree provides information for agricultural and floriculture fields to determine the most appropriate phytosanitary treatment to prevent mould and fungal infections, that can affect the plants and crops in the presence of condensation on the leaves.
The double sensitive surface helps determine the wetness degree both on the top and bottom of the leaf. An important feature that facilitates accurate readings, is that the two sides of the leaf have different drying times.
In order to ensure a long duration of the sensors useful life span, the surface of the sensor is specially treated to resist atmospheric agents and chemical agents present in pesticide products.


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A group of Native Americans recently gathered at Lock 60 in Mont Clare to offer prayers in a drumming circle for the safe journey of the Mother Earth Water Walkers 2013. The walkers began a journey along the Mississippi River March 1 and will be travelling 1,200 miles, ending April 30 at the Gulf of Mexico.
The 1st Annual Women's Water Walk took place April 2003. Several women from different clans came together to raise awareness that our clean and clear water is being polluted by chemicals, vehicle emissions, motor boats, sewage disposal, agricultural pollution, leaking landfill sites, and residential usage is taking a toll on our water quality. Water is precious and sacred...it is one of the basic elements needed for all life to exist.
The Annual Women's Water Walk was chosen for Spring because for the natural re-growth of our natural habitat, as it is a in time for renewal, re-growth, and re-birth.


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Definition of Bear grass
1. Noun. Yucca of southern United States having a clump of basal grasslike leaves and a central stalk with a terminal raceme of small whitish flowers.
2. Noun. Yucca of west central United States having a clump of basal grasslike leaves and a central stalk with a terminal raceme of small whitish flowers.
3. Noun. Stemless plant with tufts of grasslike leaves and erect panicle of minute creamy white flowers; southwestern United States and Mexico.
Generic synonyms: Agave, American Aloe, Century Plant
Group relationships: Genus Nolina, Nolina
4. Noun. Plant of western North America having woody rhizomes and tufts of stiff grasslike basal leaves and spikes of creamy white flowers.
Generic synonyms: Liliaceous Plant
Group relationships: Genus Xerophyllum, Xerophyllum
Bear Grass Pictures
Click the following link to bring up a new window with an automated collection of images related to the term: Bear Grass Images
Lexicographical Neighbors of Bear Grass
Literary usage of Bear grass
Below you will find example usage of this term as found in modern and/or classical literature:
1. History of the Discovery and Settlement of the Valley of the Mississippi: By by John Wesley Monette (1848)
"AD 1781 TO 1784. Argument.—Severs Winter of 1780-81.—Scarcity in Kentucky.—Kentucky divided in to three Counties.—Indian Hostilities on Bear-grass Creek...."
2. A Dictionary of English Synonymes and Synonymous Or Parallel Expressions by Richard Soule (1891)
"Spanish-bay une t, bear-grass, Adam's needle. Yule* "• I* Christmas, yule-tide. 2. lemmas, Lammas-tide. Yule-tide,*. Christmas...."
3. Rural Rides by William Cobbett (1853)
"Something, however, depends on the nature of the soil: for it is not all land that will bear grass, fit for hay, perpetually; and, when the land will not do..."
4. A Geographical, Historical, Commercial, and Agricultural View of the United by Daniel Blowe (1820)
"Spruce and hemlock, in the eastern parts of the state, denote a thin, cold soil, which, after much labour in the clearing, will indeed bear grass without..."
5. Rural Rides in the Counties of Surrey, Kent, Sussex, Hants, Berks, Oxford by William Cobbett (1908)
"Something, however, depends on the nature of the soil: for it is not all land that will bear grass, fit for hay, perpetually; and when the land will not do..."


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Dick Eastman's Genealogy Newsletter had a post this week about the courses being offered for free through the LDS Church's FamilySearch.org website. I decided to see if they had anything available to assist Portuguese researchers.
I found they have three courses under Reading Handwritten Records Series:
This lesson covers the basics on the way the Portuguese write letters. I thought the examples of each letter were very good. This lesson runs 20 minutes. There is also a PDF file with letter examples.
This lesson covers months, days, years, and common words found in Portuguese records. There are also question and answer sections so you can test your knowledge. This lesson runs 25 minutes. There are three handouts in PDF format for dates, keywords, and abbreviations.
This lesson covers the actual records one might encounter in Portuguese research. It walks you through examples of real records. It even shows you the actual text of documents line by line. This lesson runs 25 minutes.
I haven't gone through these lessons in their entirety. But, from what I saw they are presented very well. The audio compliments the text.
If you are starting with Portuguese records, or find yourself having difficulty understand the old handwriting, give this course a try.


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Distribution of cicular peptides in plants: Large scale mapping of cyclotides in the Violaceae
(English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
During last decade there has been increased interest in the small, cysteine-rich cyclotide proteins found in plant species of the violet family (Violaceae). These cyclotides consist of a circular chain of approximately 30 amino acids, including six cysteines that form three disulfide bonds, arranged in a cyclic cystine knot motif. In this study we map the occurrence and distribution of cyclotides in the Violaceae. Plant material was obtained from herbarium sheets containing samples up to 200 years old. Even the oldest specimens exhibited a remarkable stability of cyclotides in the preserved leaves, with no degradation products observable, making them one of the most stable proteins in nature. We analyzed the cyclotide content in over 200 samples covering 17 of the 23 genera, and positively identified cyclotides in almost 150 of approximately 900 known species in the Violaceae. Each species contained a unique set of between one and 25 cyclotides, of which many were exclusive to individual species. The estimated number of different cyclotides in the Violaceae is 5,000-25,000. We conclude that the Violaceae is an extremely rich source of cyclotides, and we propose that cyclotides are ubiquitous among all Violaceae species.
IdentifiersURN: urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-131137OAI: oai:DiVA.org:uu-131137DiVA: diva2:353444


Make sure your website's drop-down menus work on an iPad
Apple iPad
Getting those drop-down menus on your website to work on an iPad
By the end of 2011, Apple had sold more than 55 million iPads worldwide. In many markets, sales of the iPad represented over 70% of tablet computer purchases. Therefore it is important to make sure your website is fully functional when used on an iPad.
If you don't have an iPad, one of the first things you can do is to view your website using the Safari web browser which is what iPads use by default. Safari is available for Windows, Linux and comes standard on Macs. You can download Safari for free.
Unfortunately, using Safari on your PC or Mac isn't quite the same as using it on an iPad. One of the reasons is that "hover" events in HTML/CSS cannot be performed on an iPad. A hover event occurs when you hover your mouse over something, without clicking, causing an action, such as a menu to drop down. Interestingly, Android-based tablet computers emulate the hover action by allowing you to tap on the area which would cause something like a menu to drop down. This tapping is ignored on iPad and other Apple mobile devices.
So if you have a website which uses a standard HTML/CSS drop-down menu (constructed using HTML list elements such as <LI>) and it relies on the "hover" event to make the menu items reveal themselves, then it probably won't work on an iPad.
There are many solutions which make the iPad behave like an Android-based tablet whereby clicking on a button will emulate a "hover" and display the full drop-down menu. Some solutions use JavaScript while others use code to try and detect if you're using an iPad and work around it. There are many ways to accomplish this, however we began a quest to discover the quickest and simplest method of getting those drop-down menus to work on an iPad, and the solution ended up being trivial.
To make a drop-down menu appear when someone taps on the menu button, all you need to do is add
onClick="return true"
to the "A" tag within any list item (such as <LI>) that triggers a menu to pop up. This works for cascading menus as well.
This simple workaround has no affect on people using web browsers on desktop or laptop computers – it just forces the menu to pop up on an iPad when someone taps on the menu button, which is equivalent to a click.
We have verified this all works on a couple of websites we manage that use HTML/CSS drop-down menus:
 1. Beach Stays
 2. Dogs on Holidays
Originally, the drop-down menus on those sites failed to operate on an iPad due to the missing "hover" functionality, making it impossible to access the hidden menu items and forcing people to go through the tedious routine of returning back to the home page to access an index of the website's contents. Once we explicitly defined a click action to emulate a hover, suddenly those drop-down menus began working (when you tap on them) just like on a desktop computer!
Due to the popularity of iPads, it is important to make sure all parts of your website work correctly on them, including those HTML/CSS drop down menus which are becoming quite popular nowadays.

26 thoughts on "Make sure your website's drop-down menus work on an iPad"
 1. That works to an extent but this does not allow you to link to a separate page from the that activate the drop-down menu. Such as "Choose A Beach" on "The Best Beaches" site.
 2. Your point is definitely true, however in our case we're lucky as it doesn't affect us, although others of course may find it an issue.
 On the Beach Stays website, we don't want to link to a page when someone clicks on the button that activates the drop-down menu or anything that triggers another menu. We only require a link to work when someone selects a menu item that goes no further. We are operating our menus identically to that in windowing applications on computers whereby clicking on something that causes a menu to appear or a cascading menu to pop up does nothing. It's the final menu item in the chain that causes something to happen.
 3. Yes, it's unfortunate that the solution we have proposed doesn't allow you to jump to a page when clicking on the top or title of the menu.
 But you do need to understand the conflict here. On a computer, a mouse hover and a click are two very different things, which is why you can associate two different actions for each. So you can expand the menu for a mouse hover and jump to a web page when you click anything – be in the menu title or the menu options which pop out.
 Now, on the iPad, there is no way to hover. As soon as you tap the screen, like you're operating a mouse, it's effectively doing a click. So our solution essentially converts a tap on the menu title (which would normally be a click), into a hover, and out pops the menu.
 One possible way to achieve what you want (although it would be more complex than our trivial solution) would be an arrangement such that when you tap on the menu title, it expands the menu, and then if you tap on the menu title again, it goes to the menu title's page – i.e. just like clicking on the menu title directly on a computer.
 Personally, I think it is wrong to have a menu title that can be clicked on to go to a page if the menu also expands to several options below. Look at how the menu options operate on any computer application. You click on the menu title, and a menu pops out. You can only select from the options that expand out – you can't get anywhere by clicking on the menu title. After all, it's ambiguous for the menu title to lead anywhere when you have all those options expanding out. This is particularly evident when you see websites that have menus with clickable titles usually directing the title click to the first item in the pull-down menu. For example, on your flor360.com website, if you click on the menu title "Ocasiones", it actually takes people to the first item in the pop-out menu, that being "Mostrar todos". You basically have two things you can click on to get to that page. And people then have to work out whether there is any difference with clicking on the menu title of "Ocasiones" or going straight to "Mostrar todos".
 1. Just seen this, as someone who is learning all the time, well: you really really helped me loads…..so thanks a lot. Very much appreciated as it's exactly what I needed….
 1. Hi Jeyjoo, can you tell me how you made it in joomla? I have 3.3 end I saw that your menu is in the iphone seen in the left upper corner. I would like to have the same for viila-weiss.de
 looking forward for a hint. thanks a lot
 4. Android-based mobile devices didn't seem to have a problem with drop-down menus as a tap gets interpreted a hover action in a suitable context. However, using the suggested fix doesn't cause any problems with Android devices, so it doesn't have any affect on them. Use with confidence!
 5. Thanks, I just hit this issue while learning about some web redesign concepts. So frustrating that one of the main methods for a web menu isn't supported by Apple. For a company that is supposed to make things simple, you'd think they would include a method to translate this for their users, instead of breaking site navigation that uses common protocol. A great and easy solution!
 1. That's a very good point. If you have several levels of menu items open, then tapping on the top one will certainly fold away all those secondary menus, but still leave the first drop-down menu list open. The only way to get rid of the first drop-down menu left open is to tap on the refresh/reload button so you get a new copy of the web page.
 Obviously our solution is very simple, but it has its limitations. Maybe someone can come up with some code which can be inserted into the "onClick" directive that first checks the status of the menu display and then performs the appropriate action based on that.
 6. Thanks for the article!
 We were having problems with a dropdown menu on iPads & found this article, but it didn't quite fit our use case – our has a link inside it, so by returning true it would follow that link as normal. Also if someone then clicks (well, touches!) the again, we want it to follow the link that was there.
 To fix this, I did the following for touchscreen devices (requires jQuery):
 // Detect touch function based on _URL_
 function is_touch_device() {
 return true;
 return !!('ontouchstart' in window) // works on most browsers
 || !!('onmsgesturechange' in window); // works on ie10
 };
 // If touch screen device: Use a different method
 if (is_touch_device()) {
 // Dropdown nav items click
 $


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Many users are facing Gmail Server Error 007. The error usually occurs while sending mail to someone. The Gmail doesn't respond, and the user fails to send the message, and error is shown on the user's screen "server error encountered..". We have figured different causes of why the Gmail Error 007 occurs and ways to resolve it. So, you can look at the solutions mentioned below.
Howw to Fix Gmail Server Error 007
Don't worry; there are easy fixes to solve the Gmail server error 007. So, to fix the error, follow the below solutions:
1. Clear Cookies and Cache
Clearing the Cache and Cookies from Chrome is a straightforward process and can help you to fix Gmail Server Error 007. So, follow the below-given steps to clear out cookies and cache:
Step 1: At first, click on the three dots at the top, on the right side of your browser window. After that, click on Settings.
Step 2: Settings tab will appear. Now, scroll down until you find Show Advanced Settings option and then click on it.
Step 3: The next step is to click on the Content Settings option under the section Privacy and security.
Step 4: Now, click on the Cookies option. Now, under the section Cookies, click on See all cookies and site data.
Step 5: At last, click on the button. Clear Data and then the Done button.
Now check if the Gmail error 007 resolves or not.
2. Disable Browser's Extensions
Extensions can cause the Gmail Server Error 007, in case you have installed extensions just before getting the error 007. Also, if you have not installed any extension, the already existing extension can cause failure. Maybe the extension needs to be updated. So, by disabling the extension, you can fix the error. Follow the below steps to fix error:
Step 1: At first, open your Google Chrome. Now, click on the three dots at the top, on the right side of your browser window.
Step 2: After that, click on More tools and then select the option Extensions.
Step 3: The last step is to Disable all your extensions.
Now, if the error resolves, it means one of the extensions is causing the Gmail Server Error 007.
3. Disable Background Send
Another reason for Gmail Server Error 007 is that 'Background send' is not disabled. Background send means even you have exited from your Gmail window; your account continues to send an email that may cause server error. So, to disable it follow the below easy steps:
Step 1: Start with Signing in your Gmail account.
Step 2: Now, click on the gear type icon present at the top on the right side of the window.
Step 3: Next is to click on Settings and then search for the Lab tab.
Step 4: Look for Background send and click to Disable it.
After looking at the reports sent in by the users, this solution usually works for 95% of the time, and then you can freely send any email to anyone in the world without the need to worry about the Gmail Server Error 007.
4. Check for Browser Update and Virus
Another reason for Gmail Server Error is viruses in your system. Virus degrade the performance of your system and also harm the system. So, it's better to scan your system regularly for viruses. Hence, you always need to have an Antivirus Program in your system to protect it from harm.
The browser also needs to be up-to-date. Thus, whenever an update is received, you should update your browser for its proper functioning. Although Chrome updates automatically, but make sure it is up-to-date. In the case of any other browser, go to the browser's settings window and look for a 'check for updates' option.
Tips to Solve "Oops… a server error occurred and your email was not sent. (#007)"
If you have tried all the above-mentioned methods and still you got nothing. These few google technicians have encountered cases when none of the previous remedies seem to work.
1. As mentioned above, you need to disable the "Background send" lab, and if you have already done it. You just need to wait some time for it actually to come into practice.
2. Moreover, you can also try to restart and refresh your web browser page to get rid of the error. The background sends lab settings that are actually disabled.
3. The executing files may or may not harm your computer. So, you should always check for any kind of bug or virus in the files. Nevertheless, make sure that the trojan you are dealing with is the Gmail error 007. There is a time when we have similar problems. But, they have different causes and solutions.
4. However, if you are able to use the same account that you are using on your PC to send emails but on some other device. Then this means that your Gmail is working perfectly fine, but there is some issue with your PC.
5. Make sure that you are sending an email to someone, and you have some attached files along with it. Make sure that its limit is under 25MB. Else, the mail will report an error.
How to Prevent Gmail Server Error 007
Not to mention, if this problem is not resolved even after following the above-mentioned steps, you need to ensure some additional safety measures for the proper functioning of this application on your PC.
1: Make sure that you are using the updated web browser because sometimes using an older browser may cause some problems.
2: In order for the smooth and fast working of your PC, you should definitely delete all of your cache and the cookies on your PC.
3: Moreover, you can also disable the add-ons present on your web browser along with the browser extensions.
4: After completing the above steps, you should close your browser and then try re-opening it.
5: Then, you can try to open the Gmail application without any labs.
6: Lastly, you should also make sure that your virus scanner is disabled. And if the 007 server error is gone after this step, you should try and contact the parent company of the anti-virus that is used on your computer, and they may guide you better regarding this error.
Gmail Server Error 007 can easily be resolved by following the above solutions. Also, try closing your browser window and relaunching it to fix the error. Some sites ask to install their software. However, this is not authentic, so do not fall off their trap. As there can be some Trojan or Malware in their software that may hack your server. This can delete your personal data or even access it. So, try to avoid such fake sites that make such claims.


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The Ludwig Bridge
The Ludwig Bridge over the Isar River in Munich was first built at this site over 800 years ago. It consists of two arch structures separated by the Museum Island. Both structures are arch bridges made of reinforced concrete and covered with natural stone.
Water leaking through the stone slabs over the years led to deterioration of the bridge structures. PENEPLUG crystalline waterproofing material was used to immediately stop water pressure leaks; PENETRON was applied to the structure surface to enhance the impermeability of the whole bridge.


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Definition - What does Supervening Cause mean?
A supervening cause is a cause of an injury, or of damage that comes after the initial set of events has already been put into place, but without which the harm could not have taken place.
In the context of the law, the person responsible for the supervening cause can be liable for the harm as opposed to the person who created the proximate cause.
Justipedia explains Supervening Cause
Often, there are multiple causes that go into harm being caused. For example, if a truck driver doesn't tie his load down and the products start spilling onto the highway, this could be a proximate cause. However, if a person behind the truck swerves unnecessarily far into oncoming traffic and causes an accident, this would be a supervening cause. In order to find out who would be fully liable for the damage caused by the accident, a court case would most likely have to ensue.