text:
The Covid-19 pandemic continues to cause headaches across the Greek olive oil sector, with the most recent outbreak potentially leading to labor shortages and decreasing the production of the current season.
Some health experts have even identified the start of early harvesting in Greece as a potential cause for the spread of the novel coronavirus in some regions of the country.
The olive harvest hangs on a knife-edge here.
"There is an increase of the coronavirus cases in areas that were off the map of the highly-affected territories until recently, including Fokida, Messinia, Lesvos and Crete," Vana Papaevagelou, assistant professor of pediatric infectious diseases of Athens University, said during a press conference of the Ministry of Health.
"The outbreak of the virus in these areas may be related to the olive harvest," she added.See Also:2020 Harvest Updates
Due to the fear of contracting Covid-19 and the shortage of workers, the olives in many areas are likely to be left unpicked, ultimately leading to a reduced olive oil yield.
"The uncertainty caused by the pandemic made many producers start harvesting in October, which is too early in the season," mill owner Voula Kaplanis, from the village of Solomos on the Peloponnese, told Olive Oil Times.
"Even so, we get olive oil of high quality since there are no signs of the fruit fly," she added. "But other producers are afraid of becoming infected with the coronavirus and have left their olives unharvested, so many of our clients have not yet shown up to process their crop. No one can tell how things will evolve through January when we wrap our operations up."
Further complicating the matter, a new nationwide lockdown imposed in early November introduced more strict international travel restrictions and a prohibition on travel within the country, hampering the daily commute of growers and the available land workers to the olive groves.
During the lockdown period, growers and producers must be able to prove ownership of the groves, whereas proof of employment is required for workers when traveling to the groves for the harvest.
Furthermore, the sluggish procedures in place for hiring foreign workers were pinpointed by some producers as a cause for the lack of workforce in the country.
"There is a great delay in calling in workers [from abroad]," Kostas Apostolopoulos, the head of the Handrinos agricultural association in Messinia, said. "The pertinent regional offices are being choked by bureaucracy."
"The main part of the harvest is expected to begin in 10 days, and we do not know how the quarantine will impact the travel of land workers and the transportation of the olives from the field to the mill," he added.See Also:Greece Pledges €126M Aid to Producers for Pandemic-Related Losses
Yiannis Ravvas, an olive grower and mill owner based in Fthiotida, in central Greece, was quick to describe a grim harvesting season in the region.
"The olive harvest hangs on a knife-edge here," Ravvas said. "Foreign laborers left when the first Covid-related travel measures were announced, and Greek workers are almost impossible to come by."
"We will get on with the harvest with everything we have. Despite the olive trees being in their natural cycle of a low yield this year, we were expecting a substantial production," he added. "But the ugly truth is that the olive fruits have been heavily affected by the fruit fly, which has spread almost everywhere affecting the quantity and most importantly the quality of our olive oil."
Another significant concern for Ravvas is the price of extra virgin olive oil, which is currently lower than the established prices in other olive oil producing territories of the country.
"Producers' prices here are nothing to write home about, ranging between €2.50 ($2.96) and €2.80 ($3.31) per kilogram and rendering all our hard work and efforts pointless," he said.
"The weird thing is that a couple of nearby big bottling facilities operate 24/7 to fulfill orders from abroad in times of strict measures and closures of many eateries almost everywhere, and I do not really understand how prices at origin are so low given the existing market demand," he added.
However, things look better in some areas of Crete in terms of both the availability of workers and olive oil quality, as the owners of the Despina Blavakis olive oil mill near Heraklion told Olive Oil Times.
"Harvest started in October here and we expect to get olive oil of top quality," the owners said. "There are some workers from Albania available, so the pandemic has not created significant obstacles in getting land laborers so far. And thankfully, the olive fruits are unharmed by the fruit fly, but we have to delay the harvest for some days since it has started to rain heavily in our area."
"One kilogram of extra virgin olive oil currently sells for €2.50 ($2.96), which is really low," they added. "We have already sold some quantities in bulk, but the riddle of low prices and the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic is difficult to solve and we are uncertain about the future."


Yelp
(The Help System)
ttml.time.seconds
Return the number of seconds for a time expression.
Parameters
time
A TTML time expression.
This template takes a time expression as used by the begin, end, and dur attributes and returns the number of seconds that expression respresents. Time expressions may be any number parsable by the XPath number function followed by one of the units ms (milliseconds), s (seconds), m (minutes), or h (hours). It returns 0 if the time expression is invalid.
This template provides support only for the #time-offset TTML feature. It does not support other methods of specifying times.


Further Steps
Wi-Fi Commissioning Logs
The example outputs logs on the serial port, this logs allows to keep track of the program execution by tracing information about:
The image below illustrates logs displayed in the serial console during a Wi-Fi commissioning process.
Modify the Example
This section documents the procedures about how to modify the example to your needs. Each of the modifications will require a new compilation in order to be taken into account.
Modify the Wi-Fi SoftAP Configuration
The Wi-Fi SoftAP configuration (e.g. Name, Security mode) is located in the app_webpage.h file. The configuration can be modified by editing the file.
Enable the Power Manager
One of the main characteristics of the WF(M)200 chip is its current consumption in Power Save mode. This mode is enabled by installing the Power Manager component, which will also put the MCU in deepsleep. The Power Manager component can be found in the Services section of the component list.
You can refer to the AN1219: Power Consumption Measurement Setup and Results on WF(M)200 document to perform measurements on the WF(M)200. Simplicity Studio 5 also provides the Energy Profiler tool, this tool allows to measure the current consumption of a Silicon Labs Starter Kit. The measures being made by the Start Kir hardware, keep in mind that it is less accurate than a dedicated instrument, nevertheless it provides an idea of the current consumption quickly and easily. For more information about the Energy Profiler, please refer to this documentation .
Note:
Modify the Webpage
The Webpage sources are provided inside the SDK with the example in the lwip_host/webpage/fs folder but it doesn't appear in Simplicity Studio 5.
Follow the procedure below modify the webpage:
 1. Copy/paste the lwip_host/webpage/fs folder of your SDK in the same location inside your workspace.
 2. Edit and modify the index.shtml file to fit your needs. Tip: Another IDE (e.g. VS Code, Atom, ...) can be used to preview the page while changes are made.
 3. Execute the makefsdata.exe or use the makefsdata provided by LwIP inside the SDK (location: util/third_party/lwip/lwip/src/apps/http/makefsdata).
 4. Rename the generated file fsdata.c into httpfsdata.h .
 5. Edit the file and remove include pragmas except #include "lwip/def.h" .
Debugging Tools
GDB
The toolchain provided with Simplicity Studio 5 contains a compiler, a linker, all you need to build a project, and it also contains a debugger. This debugger, called gdb, allows you to walk into the program step by step, to set breakpoints, to access the MCU memory and registers, ... For more information about how to use the debugger inside Simplicity Studio 5, please refer to the Using the debugger section of the Simplicity Studio 5 documentation .
Tip: Before starting a debug session, disable the project optimizations by selecting None from the Optimization Level list in the section [Optimization] of [Tools Settings] tab from the Project properties (Project->Properties->C/C++ Build->Settings). By default the project is built using the highest optimization setting to have the highest Wi-Fi performances, making the debug experience painful since the instructions are reorganized, so the program will give the impression not to execute linearly.
Additional Logs
Always with the aim to have the highest possible Wi-Fi performances, only few logs are enabled and they are related to actions happening times to times. Nevertheless, having more logs is often good to track a bug or better understand a program behavior. In that purpose LwIP provides logs in each feature of the stack. These logs are disabled by default but can be enabled by editing the lwipopts.h file of the project. The file purpose is to configure the stack IP, like the features enabled or disabled.
To enable logs related to a specific feature:
 1. Find the associated define in the feature sources. The define name ends with _DEBUG , like HTTP_DEBUG, MQTT_DEBUG, TCP_DEBUG, ...
 2. Open the lwipopts.h file located in the lwip_host folder inside the project.
 3. Enable the global debug define LWIP_DEBUG in the top of the file.
 4. Enable the feature logs by adding the feature define inside the file and enabling it.
SEGGER SystemView
SEGGER SystemView is a powerful tool allowing to capture all the events (Task switching, Mutex/Semaphore acquisition and release, ...) in a Real-Time Operating System (RTOS) which is particularly helpful to define tasks priorities or to track a behavior leading to a Dead Lock. This tool supports Micrium OS and is provided free of charge with Simplicity Studio, it can be installed from the Simplicity Installation Manager by selecting [Install by connected device(s)] and [Advanced] options. For more information about how to use SEGGER SystemView with Micrium OS, please refer to this documentation .
Optimization Considerations
This section describes steps to increase the throughput while keeping a minimum footprint necessary for your application. The first portion of this document describes the recommended tools. The second portion describes the firmware changes necessary to tweak the performance.
Optimization Tools
iPerf
iPerf is a well-known tool used to measure the throughput on an IP link. This example starts a TCP Server for iPerf testing by default, allowing you to check the throughput after tweaking the program configuration and see the impact. When enabled, the TCP Server for iPerf will be listening for incoming connections at any time. The method to start an iPerf test is dependent on the platform you are using to run the iPerf client:
iperf -c 10.10.0.1
You simply need to issue this command as illustrated in the following image:
Optimization Settings
Micrium OS Configuration
Debugging Configuration
The [ Asserts Configuration ] section accessible from the configuration of the [ Micrium OS Common Module Core ] component regroups all the checks that are done inside the Kernel to ensure the action previously done was successful. There can be a lot of checks and if the program behaves without triggering any of these assertions (enabled by default) then it can be considered to disable all or some debug assertions to see if it improves the performances.
Following the same idea, the debug helper present in the [ Miscellaneous Configuration ] section in the same configuration menu, can also be disabled.
Task Management Configuration
The [ Task Management Configuration ] section accessible from the configuration of the [ Micrium OS Kernel ] component regroups features that intervene during context switches for instance. Context switches happening continuously, any action can have a great impact, good or bad. The first features that can be disabled safely are the statistics and the profiling . Further steps can be taken by disabling the stackoverflow checking mechanism and the redzone, these actions can be critical and considered seriously.
LwIP Configuration
LwIP is an IP stack providing a great granularity to tweak the configuration and reach the best performances. This configuration can be modified by editing the lwipopts.h file located in the lwip_host folder inside the project. The dedicated Maximizing throughput article will help you focus on the main variables to reach the highest performances.
Enabling the LwIP statistics is particularly helpful to dimension the different memory pools. The statistics are enabled as follows in the lwipopts.h file.
#define LWIP_STATS 1
#define LWIP_STATS_DISPLAY 1
This allows to output the statistics in the console by adding a call to the function stats_display() in your application.
Wi-Fi FMAC Driver Documentation
For your own application development or for more information about the Wi-Fi FMAC Driver, please refer to the documentation .
Troubleshooting
Compilation Errors
Force a Project Generation
If the requirement above is satisfied but compilation errors subsist, it can means that the project and the source code are misaligned after a component addition or removal. This kind of errors can be resolved by forcing a new project generation from the [Project Details] tile of the [Overview] tab accessible from the SLCP project file and launch a new build. A project generation won't cause any loss as long as you don't directly modify the files contained in the autogen and config folders.
Example Malfunctions
Connecting a Silicon Labs Starter Kit associated to a WF(M)200 Expansion Board to your Wireless Network is a complex process. If any of the steps in the process is not done correctly, failure can occur. This section describes a few basic steps you can take to troubleshoot this demo.
Check the Logs from the Console
The section Start the Example describes the procedure to launch a console inside Simplicity Studio 5.
Check the Hardware Connections
Check the boards connection to ensure that the WF(M)200 Expansion Board is inserted tightly into the 20-pin expansion header of the Silicon Labs Starter Kit, as described in section Setup your Kit . Make sure that all the switches are in the correct position, as described in section Setup your Kit .
Verify Wi-Fi Access Point Settings
Use your Wi-Fi router's (i.e., AP)


IP culture shift: the rise of summary disposition
Andrew Moeser analyzes the shift towards summary disposition in Canadian IP litigation
Canadian intellectual property law has evolved considerably over the last few years, initiated in part by changes to summary procedures but increasingly carried forward by Canadian courts and new legal strategies. This pivot towards the use of early disposition instruments in place of longer and more expensive trials is having significant reverberations for IP holders and businesses. We asked intellectual property expert Andrew Moeser of Lenczner Slaght what caused this change and why – and what effects it will have on IP law now and in the future.
Why has the shift towards summary disposition occurred, and why now?
Most intellectual property litigation in Canada happens in Federal Court, where there are two mechanisms for early disposition: summary judgment and summary trial.
Summary judgment has been around for a long time. However, historically, the Federal Court and the Federal Court of Appeal ("FCA") had typically held that summary judgment is not the preferred means of resolving IP cases, which are often complex. This reluctance was particularly apparent in patent infringement cases, which are technical and usually involve expert evidence (see e.g., Suntec Environmental Inc v Trojan Technologies Inc, 2004 FCA 140). Summary judgment was usually only successful for procedural issues, such as cases turning on payment of filing fees.
In 2009, the Federal Courts Rules were amended to add a summary trial procedure, which was modelled on a mechanism that had been successfully used in British Columbia. Summary trial is brought by way of a motion with affidavit evidence, but after that, it is a highly flexible process. The Court can make any procedural order about the conduct of the summary trial – e.g., length, which witnesses will give live testimony, whether live testimony will consist of cross-examination only or include evidence-in-chief, etc. The motion can be brought at any time before the trial date is set, including prior to discovery. The rules empower the Court to grant judgment generally or on an issue, as long as "there is sufficient evidence for adjudication, regardless of the amounts involved, the complexities of the issues and the existence of conflicting evidence."
Despite the availability of the new summary trial procedure, it was used sparingly in its first few years.
As in many other areas of Canadian law, the Supreme Court of Canada's call for a "culture shift" in its 2014 Hryniak decision was a signal to IP lawyers to give greater consideration to summary procedures. However, unlike in some other areas, there was a bit of a lag in embracing this "culture shift" in the IP bar. Along with the relative newness of the summary trial procedure and the complex subject-matter of many IP cases, a 2015 decision (Manitoba v Canada, 2015 FCA 57) held that Hyrniak did not materially change the procedures or standard to be applied in summary judgment motions, which may have suggested to some lawyers that the Federal Court and FCA retained their historical aversion towards summary judgment.
In the last couple of years, there have been several new decisions where the Federal Court endorsed summary judgment and summary trial in appropriate IP cases, including in complex patent cases (see e.g., Gemak Trust v Jempak Corporation, 2020 FC 644; ViiV Healthcare Company v Gilead Sciences Canada, 2020 FC 486). Recently, the FCA weighed in and similarly endorsed summary judgment in a patent case (Canmar Foods Ltd v TA Foods Ltd, 2021 FCA 7). We may now see a positive feedback cycle where with each new decision lawyers are expanding the scope for summary procedures in IP cases, and it is likely that this trend will continue until the case law solidifies around the appropriate limits.
This in turn absolutely affects the options that IP lawyers should present to their clients. In many ways, this trend is consistent with the broader "culture change" we have seen in the legal profession post-Hryniak, where lawyers are reminded to consider whether a trial is required to resolve any case.
What are the wider implications, if any, of this trend for Canadian consumers?
Most IP litigation involves IP holders and businesses supplying goods and services, rather than Canadian consumers themselves. It is possible that summary disposition could lead to reduced transaction costs associated with IP enforcement, and those cost savings could be passed through to the consumer. For example, in a recent patent trial decision, the Federal Court commented that:
The trial lasted 21 days. Nevertheless, as these reasons will show, the case largely turns upon an issue of claims construction. Claims construction, we are often told, is a question of law, although some forms of evidence are admissible to assist in the process. Where more than 90% of the value of the claim depends on a question of law, the parties should contemplate bringing a motion for summary judgment or summary trial. Had the parties done so in this case, a considerable amount of judicial resources would have been saved, and each party's legal costs would have been substantially reduced. As I suspect that both parties will pass their litigation costs on to their customers, it is ultimately skaters and hockey players across Canada who will bear the burden of the parties' strategic choices. (Bauer Hockey Ltd. v. Sport Maska Inc. (CCM Hockey), 2020 FC 624)
There are also a couple of exceptions where consumers might see a more direct effect.
First, IP cases often affect the availability of a product or service in the marketplace. IP holders sometimes seek injunctions to prevent allegedly infringing competitors from selling their products, and later market entrants sometimes seek a determination on the validity of a competitor's patent or trademark before launching a product. Faster disposition of IP cases could lead to faster availability (or removal) of products in the marketplace.
Second, consumers themselves are sometimes involved in IP cases, such as in copyright infringement cases relating to online file-sharing. There have been some recent examples of copyright holders suing consumers, in some cases seeking to sue large numbers of consumers in so-called "reverse class actions". In theory, the increased availability of summary disposition could have a direct effect on consumers in these kinds of cases, and that effect could go either way – either the IP holder or allegedly infringing consumers could seek to make use of summary procedures.
Will this shift have any effect on cross-border transactions, or are its effects strictly limited to Canada?
This is a complicated question. IP rights are national in scope – e.g., inventors get a Canadian patent that provides exclusive rights in Canada and a separate US patent that provides exclusive rights in the US. But there are at least three ways where there could be a cross-border effect.
First, cross-border issues are sometimes raised in Canadian IP cases, such as where there is an international supply chain and export/import issues arise in the infringement analysis.
Second, this trend could bring Canada more in line with the US, where summary judgment has historically been more available in IP cases. That said, it is unlikely that summary motions will become quite so common in Canadian IP cases: among other reasons, our costs-shifting regime is a disincentive to bringing summary proceedings with a very low likelihood of success. Similarly, though it is not a summary disposition per se, the Canadian summary trial procedure could also be used to narrow the issues in dispute in patent cases through an early hearing relating to claims construction, which is similar to the Markman procedure in the US where patent claim terms are interpreted at an early stage.
Third, there are often parallel IP proceedings occurring in different jurisdictions, and parties typically employ sophisticated transnational litigation strategy. The availability of summary proceedings (and the opportunity to get a fast decision) potentially makes Canada a more important venue in such strategies.
Is the rise in summary disposition strictly limited to patent cases, or will it affect IP law in Canada on a wider scale?
It affects IP law in Canada on a wider scale. In fact, some of the earliest uses of the summary trial procedure were in trademark cases. As an example, in cases relating to counterfeit goods, sometimes the legal issues are relatively straightforward and there is no technical complexity, and the cases turn on contested facts and credibility issues. Credibility issues have traditionally been a substantial obstacle to summary judgment, but they can be addressed with live witnesses at a summary trial.
The more notable aspect of the recent trend is that summary disposition has been treated more favourably in patent cases as well. So the takeaway message is that there are no longer particular categories of IP cases that are (or are not) suitable for summary disposition; it is more about a case-by-case analysis of whether the facts and legal issues in any specific case lend themselves to either summary mechanism.
How will this trend affect small businesses and individuals seeking to protect their IP and patents?
Summary disposition can make it more cost-effective to pursue IP enforcement. The opposite side of the same coin is that summary disposition can also be a cost-effective tool for defendants to short-circuit weak IP infringement allegations.
Do you have any other insights on helping IP clients navigate the legal landscape post/during COVID?
The Federal Court is very much "open for business", and this includes scheduling and hearing motions for summary judgment and summary trial. In addition to the ongoing use of case management in IP cases, the Federal Court has been on the leading edge of courts using technology to keep cases moving ahead despite physical distancing restrictions and other public health measures. The Court has been conducting video hearings of contested matters, including video trials, almost since the beginning of the pandemic.
Andrew Moeser is a partner at Lenczner Slaght. Andrew's practice is primarily focused on intellectual property litigation, with particular experience in industries such as pharmaceutical and biologics, information technology, and oil and gas. Andrew also has experience in commercial litigation relating to environmental


text:
In the wake of Syrian unrest, Israel's residents are scrambling to get their government-distributed gas masks. A month before the festival of Purim, Israeli children are learning to don another costume.
In the wake of Israel's strike on Syrian chemical weapons convoys on Wednesday, January 30th, Israeli citizens in the north, closer to the Syrian border, went to get their gas masks.Officials from the Israel Postal Company said that over 4,000 masks had been given out Tuesday, up from 1,400 on the days before. The company also stated that in Jerusalem and Beersheba the numbers were especially high, up from less than 400 a day to over 1,000. That means almost three times the average number of citizens came to distribution centers across the country to receive their protective gear.
As of now, more than 4,700,000 protective gear kits have been distributed countrywide.
Children are especially vulnerable to toxins, and Israel has had to create special gas masks for children. The image in the post is the cover to the User Manual (הוראות שימוש or horeot shimush) for a gas mask for children aged 0 - 2, and illustrates how Israel has coped with dangerous neighbors. In a a few short weeks, though, children will dress up very differently when they celebrate the redemption of the Jewish people from the evil plans of Haman on Purim.
Purim, celebrated on February 23rd, is a holiday for children (read more about the festival here).. Israeli children dress up and go around giving gifts - Mishloach Manot - to friends, as well as going to the synagogue to hear the Megilla (the story of Esther).
Help Israeli children celebrate this festive holiday and give them something to smile about in this trying time. Click here and purchase a Purim Treat for Children. Israel Today staff will go to various locations in the Jerusalem area and around Israel to deliver your Purim Treat to help children celebrate this festive holiday.
The Purim Treat will contain:
- A Noise Maker for Purim
- Lollies and sweets
- A Surprise gift bag
- Colorful stickers
Be part of the spirit of Purim. Bring joy to the children of Israel.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text: Water body movements in bays and seas should also be determined for the solution of many engineering problems. This study aims to determine the hydrodynamic characteristics of the movements of the water body in Ayvalik Bay, one of the most important touristic coastal zones of Turkey with a great number of islands. Ayvalik Bay is located in the Ayvalik county of the province of Balikesir in the northern part of the Aegean Sea in Turkey. For this aim site measurements and numerical model studies have been carried out. In order to determine the hydrodynamic characteristics of Ayvalik Bay, AQUASEA model was used. Model verification and various scenarios tests were carried out. The output of this project will be basis of pollution studies in Ayvalik Bay. The effects of landfill road (between Ayvalik and Dolap Island) on water circulation could be seen and necessary suggestions were presented. The results of this study would be an important input in the contamination prevention efforts for the sustainable use of the Ayvalik Bay. Knowledge about the interaction between the water body movements and the environmental conditions is crucial for future planning and solution of engineering problems.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


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We have the following AddUser method which adds a new record to the database using EF:
 public User AddUser(User user)
 using (var context = DataObjectFactory.CreateContext())
 var userEntity = Mapper.Map(user);
 context.AddObject("UserEntities", userEntity);
 return Mapper.Map(userEntity);
Our User type is like this:
public class User
 public string FirstName { get; set; }
 public string LastName { get; set; }
 public Customer Customer { get; set; }
We have a Customer table and a User table and in User table we have customerid as a foreign key.
In the USER table we have Firstname, Lastname and CustomerId fields, we get the firstname, lastname and customerid (dropdown list of customers) details from the user, create the Customer object with customerid we get from the user and pass all of these to the AddUser method, but what happens is that the User gets inserted into the database and also a new Customer is inserted into the Customer's table (with a new customerid), is there any way of stopping this?
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1 Answer
You need to set the EntityState of the Customer to Unchanged.
Something like
 context.Entry(customer).State = EntityState.Unchanged;
 context.ObjectStateManager.ChangeObjectState(userEntity.Customer, EntityState.Unchanged);
(depending on what kind of context you are using)
See _URL_
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text:
The universal NanoPhotometer™ combines measurements of submicroliter sample volumes and standard sample volumes and provides high accuracy, robustness, and reliable and precise results. The main advantage of the system are simple sample handling for very low and standard volumes as well as high throughput rates due to very short measuring times. Based on the available methods for single- and multiple-wavelength and concentration measurements, full spectrum scans, standard curve determinations, as well as ratio calculations and even kinetics, users can create all types of customized applications for their individual needs. Another important application of the NanoPhotometer is the quantitative and qualitative analysis of fluorescent dye labeled samples. The NanoPhotometer will serve as a powerful tool in genomic or proteomic laboratories engaged in nucleic acid and protein-based research, microarray analysis, and the analysis of bacterial cell cultures.
|Number of pages
|Published - Nov 2007


text:
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A facet model of targets is proposed to simulate inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) images and radar back-scattering of moving targets with rigid and nonrigid motions. Targets are composed of solid objects which are modeled by triangular facets. It is shown that a facet can be treated as an equivalent point-scatterer whose radar cross section (RCS) and position depend on the shape of the triangle, the frequency, and the angle of incidence. A shadowing algorithm is also developed to detect the facets which actually have influence on the signal received by the radar. Besides, a facet division algorithm is implemented to improve the result of the shadowing algorithm and to have at least one facet per resolution cell. Finally, we apply our simulator to obtain the ISAR images of a ship and a helicopter and to calculate the micro-Doppler signature of a human.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Prints, Drawings, and Photographs
Farm Women Planting
Camille Pissarro, French, 1830 - 1903
Color etching and aquatint
Currently not on view
1941-8-107Purchased with the John D. McIlhenny Fund, 1941
LabelPissarro helped revive a process for making color prints that was originally developed in Paris in the eighteenth century. This classic method consisted of superimposing four separate plates, each inked in a different color (red, blue, yellow, and black). For Farm Women Planting, Pissarro omitted the black plate to obtain the sunny aspect that makes this impression unique.


text:
Augustus Edward Hough LoveArticle Free Pass
Augustus Edward Hough Love, (born April 17, 1863, Weston-super-Mare, Somerset, England—died June 5, 1940, Oxford), British geophysicist and mathematician who discovered a major type of seismic wave that was subsequently named for him.
Love held the Sedleian professorship of natural philosophy at the University of Oxford from 1899 to 1940. In his analysis of earthquake waves, Love made the assumption that the Earth consists of concentric layers that differ in density and postulated the occurrence of a seismic wave confined to the surface layer, or crust, of the Earth. This wave would be propagated as a result of the difference in density between the crust and underlying mantle. His prediction was confirmed by recordings of the behaviour of waves in the surface layer of the Earth. He proposed a method—based on measurements of Love waves—to measure the thickness of the Earth's crust. In addition to his work on geophysical theory, Love studied elasticity and wrote A Treatise on the Mathematical Theory of Elasticity, 2 vol. (1892–93).
What made you want to look up "Augustus Edward Hough Love"? Please share what surprised you most...


- Racist Mural Puts Tate Galleries in a Bind
 Portions of a Rex Whistler mural in the Tate's restaurant contain racially offensive images. The work as a whole is protected by British heritage laws and can't be altered, putting the museum in a bind between preservation and cultural sensitivity.
 - Museums as Monuments to White Supremacy
 by Ana Lucia Araujo
 Recent protest and scholarship have highlighted the knowledge of major cultural institutions that artifacts in their collections were looted from Africa and other colonized places, and support calls to repatriate the artifacts.


text:
Ryerson Station State Park is a 1,164-acre (471 ha) Pennsylvania state park in Richhill Township, Greene County, Pennsylvania in the United States. It was previously home to Ronald J. Duke Lake, a 52-acre (21 ha) artificial lake on the North Fork of the Dunkard Fork of Wheeling Creek, that was constructed in 1960, but drained in 2005 due to structural concerns about the dam. Ryerson Station State Park is 3 miles (5 km) from Wind Ridge just off Pennsylvania Route 21 very close to the West Virginia state line.
The park is named for Fort Ryerson. This fort was constructed by the Commonwealth of Virginia in 1792 as a refuge from the raids of the local Native Americans who were resisting the settlement of the Ohio River Valley by the United States. Ownership of the land in this part of Pennsylvania was disputed among several parties including Virginia, Pennsylvania and the Native Americans.The state acquired the land in 1958. Duke Lake was completed with the construction of a dam in 1960 and finally the park was opened in 1967.


How does an ad trust work?
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Alessandro Borer asked a question: How does an ad trust work?
Asked By: Alessandro Borer
Date created: Wed, May 5, 2021 8:58 AM
Date updated: Mon, Oct 31, 2022 3:54 PM
Content
Video answer: Understanding adfs an introduction to adfs - configuration and troubleshooting - part 4
Understanding adfs an introduction to adfs - configuration and troubleshooting - part 4
Top best answers to the question «How does an ad trust work»
An AD DS trust is a secured, authentication communication channel between entities, such as AD DS domains, forests, and UNIX realms. Trusts enable you to grant access to resources to users, groups and computers across entities. The way a trust works is similar to allowing a trusted entity to access your own resources.
Video answer: Understanding adfs an introduction to adfs - installation of services - part 3
Understanding adfs an introduction to adfs - installation of services - part 3
8 other answers
A forest trust allows administrators to connect two AD DS forests with a single trust relationship to provide a seamless authentication and authorization experience across the forests. A forest trust can only be created between a forest root domain in one forest and a forest root domain in another forest.
A trust relationship allows one domain to trust objects in another for authentication and for access to resources. For example, if domain A trusts domain B, a user from domain B can access...
Type: Identifies the types of domains involved in trust (s). Transitivity: Determines whether one trust can let a trusted domain pass through to a third domain. Direction: Identifies the direction ...
Within a single forest, all domains trust each other and you can escalate from one compromised domain to all the other, as explained in Sean Metcalf's research on domain trusts. To reiterate: An Active Directory Domain is not a security boundary, an Active Directory forest is.
In order to use AD RMS across organizational and forest boundaries, a level of trust must be established across the organizations or across forests. There are several ways in which this can occur: At the most basic level, Trusted User Domains (TUDs) can help allow AD RMS to process requests from users located across Active Directory forests.
Active Directory (AD) is a database and set of services that connect users with the network resources they need to get their work done. The database (or directory) contains critical information about your environment, including what users and computers there are and who's allowed to do what.
A trust is a legal vehicle that allows a third party, a trustee, to hold and direct assets in a trust fund on behalf of a beneficiary. A trust greatly expands your options when it comes to managing...
A charitable trust is essentially a way to set up your assets to benefit you, your beneficiaries and a charity — all at the same time. A charitable trust could offer many financial advantages for philanthropically minded individuals with nonessential assets, such as stocks or real estate. But how do such trusts work?
Your Answer
Video answer: Creating trust two windows server 2012 domain
Creating trust two windows server 2012 domain


How to build a zero-shot email classifier
Some of the best models are able to solve various tasks in a zero-shot setting. It means being able to solve tasks without any examples and finetuning.
This guide will be using a zero-shot text classification model and an emotion detection model to automatically sort emails.
The end product will be able to process e-commerce customer emails, ranking them by urgency and category (shipping, complaint, etc).
This guide assumes you already know how to use tasks.
Read the tasks tutorial if you are new.
Setting up Backprop
For convenience, we will be using the Backprop open-source library.
You can do it via plain API calls. Using the library lets us write a bit less code.
Install backprop.
pip install backprop
Import backprop.
import backprop
Starting the Emotion task
This starts an Emotion task with the base model in the API. See more details in the API Reference.
emotion = backprop.Emotion(api_key="YOUR_API_KEY")
Starting the Text Classification task
Starting a Text Classification task works exactly the same way. See more details in the API Reference.
tc = backprop.TextClassification(api_key="YOUR_API_KEY")
Detecting urgency
The default model used for the emotion task is t5-base-qa-summary-emotion.
It can detect various emotions. The logic here is that if a negative emotion is detected, the email is marked as urgent.
negative_sentiments = ["annoyance", "disapproval", "disappointment", "anger", "disgust"]
def is_urgent(text):
 detected_emotions = emotion(text)
 detected_emotions = detected_emotions.split(", ")
 # Email is urgent if the customer has negative sentiment
 for em in detected_emotions:
 if em in negative_sentiments:
 return True

 return False
Predicting the category
As part of zero-shot classification, we have to provide a set of labels. These are the labels that will get assigned probabilities.
The logic here is to give all possible categories and predict the one with the highest probability.
categories = ["returns", "promotion", "complaint", "technical issue", "product inquiry", "shipping question", "other"]
def predict_category(text):
 probabilities = tc(text, labels=categories)
 # Gets the highest probability category
 category = max(probabilities, key=probabilities.get)
 return category
Putting it all together
Now, we can write a simple function that makes use of the urgency and category detection to sort our emails.
def process_email(text):
 email_urgency = is_urgent(text)
 email_category = predict_category(text)
 print(text)
 if email_urgency:
 print("Urgent!")
 else:
 print("Not urgent")
 print("Category:", email_category)
Let's try out some examples to see how it performs.
email1 = "Hi, how long will it take for my order to arrive? I've been waiting four days."
email2 = "How could you sell something this broken? This is the worst thing I've ever seen, and you should be ashamed to make money off it."
process_email(email1)
process_email(email2)
Hi, how long will it take for my order to arrive? I've been waiting four days.
Not urgent
Category: shipping question
------
How could you sell something this broken? This is the worst thing I've ever seen, and you should be ashamed to make money off it.
Urgent!
Category: complaint

Awesome. The emails get the correct category and the customer who's really disappointed in the service gets their email marked as urgent.


Skip to definition.
Noun: Falkland Islands
 1. A group of over 100 islands in the southern Atlantic off the coast of Argentina; a British Crown Colony
Type of: island
Part of: Atlantic, Atlantic Ocean
Encyclopedia: Falkland Islands


How is sacred sexuality and the Divine Feminine Awakening happening on the planet affecting women in business? The following video addresses the connection between the trinity of sacred sexuality, spirituality, and business connected through the Divine Feminine:
Sacred Sexuality and the Divine Feminine Awakening in Business
How does the Divine Feminine impact yourself as an entrepreneur?
How does sacred sexuality and Twin Flame impact your biz?
Dr Amanda Noelle


Skip to definition.
Noun: hat trick hat trik
 1. (sport) three consecutive scores by one player or three scores in one game (as in cricket or ice hockey etc.)
Derived forms: hat tricks
Type of: score
Encyclopedia: Hat trick


Next / Previous / Contents / TCC Help System / NM Tech homepage
14.1. PickList class constants
The class has a few manifest constants. First is the name of the standard color names file.
huey
 COLOR_NAMES_FILE = "rgb.txt"
Next, a list of all the pathnames in which to look for that file.
huey
 PATHS_LIST = [ '/usr/share/X11', '/usr/lib/X11' ]
The physical width and height of the list box are given in characters and lines, respectively.
huey
 NAME_WIDTH = 20
 NAME_LINES = 22


You are Here > Home > My Retirement > GEPF: Who receives your pension benefits?
GEPF: Who receives your pension benefits?
Feb 1, 2021
GEPF beneficiary nomination formOne of the questions I receive from most retirement fund members is about who has a claim to their retirement funds if they die in service.
As a member of the Government Employees Pension Fund (GEPF) one of the most important documents you need to keep up to date is your beneficiary nomination form. This will inform the trustees as to who your legal and financial dependants are, as well as their contact details. It will make it easier for the fund to make the relevant payments, ensuring your family receives the urgent financial support they need.
It is important to note that while your nomination form can assist the trustees in identifying and contacting beneficiaries, the trustees are still obliged to identify all legal or financial dependants and ensure that the death benefit is distributed equitably amongst the dependants.
The trustees will do an investigation into the dependence of any surviving legal dependants. Legal dependants include a spouse, parents, children, etc. However, anyone who can prove that they were financially dependent on the deceased has a rightful claim on some of the proceeds. This could include a child from another relationship, a parent, or even another partner who was financially supported by the member.
Once the trustees have identified all the dependants, they distribute the benefits according to the level of dependence. For example, if a member of the fund was married and had one adult child who was employed, then the spouse would receive the full benefit.
However, if the child was still living at home, or studying, and therefore dependent on the deceased, then they could have a claim. This does assume that there were no other dependants. Minor children from other marriages or relationships would also be considered in the dependency assessment.
Benefits are based on how long the member was in service at the time of death. If a member dies with less than ten years' service, the lump sum which will be distributed is based on either the member's final salary (average of last two years per definition) or the value of the member's pension in the fund at that time, whichever is greater.
If a member passes away with more than ten years' service, a lump sum (death-in-service gratuity) is paid to beneficiaries and a monthly pension is paid to the spouse. If the member was a single parent, the minor children receive a child's pension.
What does a beneficiary nomination form do?
A nomination form is completed while you are still alive and can only be changed by the member of the fund. It is used to identify potential legal/financial dependants, or other beneficiaries if you do not have any dependants.
If you are not married and do not have children or any other dependants, your gratuity will still be paid out to anyone you choose – including your parents or siblings.
The nomination form does not, however, supersede the responsibly of the trustees to provide for financial dependants.
If, for example, the nominated beneficiaries are not financially dependent on the deceased and there are other financial dependants not included on the form, the nominated beneficiaries may receive no money. Only in cases where there are no legal or financial dependants do the trustees distribute death benefits in line with the beneficiary nomination.
Make sure that the total percentage provided for each beneficiary adds up to 100%. You cannot, for example, nominate three beneficiaries giving them each 50%.
How does one prove financial dependence?
In the case of a spouse and minor children, financial dependency is assumed ‒ no further proof is needed.
Financial dependence can also be proved by a divorce order or by supplying bank statements proving that the deceased paid for certain expenses.
Tuition fees, bond repayments, medical aid and any other expenses that were paid by the deceased can be used to prove financial dependence.
It is important to understand who does not qualify as a financial dependant as this can become a contested issue, especially if there were relationships outside the marriage.
A financial/legal dependant includes:
 - A spouse. In the case of customary marriage, if there are two valid spouses, both of them will get an equal share of both gratuity and annuity.
 - A child under the age of 18, or a child who is still receiving financial support such as tuition.
 - A parent who is receiving financial support.
A financial dependant does not include:
 - An adult child who is not receiving financial support from the member.
 - A former spouse or partner who has not received any financial support and financial support is not stipulated in the divorce agreement.
If there are no financial dependants and the member has specified the beneficiary on the nomination form, then payment would be made.
Scenario 1: A member has adult children from a previous relationship who are not receiving financial support. The member is married and has young children with the current partner.
Likely outcome: The trustees will only consider the spouse and minor children as beneficiaries for distribution.
Scenario 2: A member has adult children from a previous relationship and is paying their tuition. The member is married and has young children with the current partner.
Likely outcome: The trustees will distribute the retirement fund among the spouse, young children and adult children in relation to level of dependency. As each case is treated individually, it depends on how many adult children there are. Adult children are usually given a percentage not exceeding 20% if still studying. The age of children is taken into consideration when percentages are determined. The gratuity will be shared amongst all dependants and the spouse will also receive a monthly pension.
Scenario 3: The member has adult children from a previous relationship who are not receiving financial support. The member is not legally married but living with a long-term partner.
Likely outcome: The long-term partner needs to apply to be recognised as the life partner of the deceased in order to be recognised. If the life partner's application is approved, he/she will receive a share of the gratuity and the monthly pension. In a case where the life partner is not approved but the partner can prove financial dependency on the deceased, the gratuity will be shared among all qualifying dependants, however the partner will not receive the spousal pension.
Where can members get the nomination form?
The nomination form can be obtained from GPAA regional offices, your HR department, or the GEPF website.
Forms can be submitted at the various regional offices, to your HR department, or can be emailed to
Register your spouse or life partner
As your spouse or life partner is entitled to an annuity when you die, it is important that you register him/her by providing your human resources department with either a certified copy of your marriage certificate, customary union certificate, lobola agreement, civil union certificate, or a certificate confirming your marriage in any other religion.
This article was sponsored by the GEPF.
 1. Good day,
 My dad worked for the city of Cape Town for over 22 years and as such, passed away a few days ago.
 I am 20 years old (turning 21 this year) and was his eldest child from his first (and only) marriage until my mom and him divorced and he also had a partner whom he has 2 children with of which are also younger than 18.
 My question is that my dad's family were never in his life and now that he has passed, they're showing up claiming that I am not due anything even though by word of mouth, it was said that I was nominated to get 50% of whatevers my dad was to be paid out but I am not sure how to go about verifying this?
 Ps. In the same sentence, I was advised that because I hurriedly got married about 6 month ago (customary marriage, not legally) I am not entitled to be paid out anything. Can you advise on this or whom it is I would need to query this info with?
 Any help would be much appreciated.
 - Firstly my condolences on the loss your father. The City of Cape Town fund does not fall under GEPF but the pension fund act rules would apply. This means the trustees of the fund will determine who receives the benefits based on financial and legal dependency. Children under the age of 18 would definitely fall under financial and legal dependency. It would depend on the rules of the fund whether you would qualify (some include children under 21 especially if still studying). The mother of the younger children would possibly have a claim either for the support of the children or if she was a financial dependent in her own right. The best thing to do is to submit your details and provide any evidence if he ever supported you or your mother financially (there may be a provision in the divorce agreement). I do not think whether or not you are married would make a big difference unless it is used to prove that you had no financial dependency on him. I would recommend you just deal directly with the fund and ignore the other relatives – they can can submit their own claims.
 2. I am divorced. I have a minor child [age 17]. I am in a long term relationship currently. I have made my fiancé one of the beneficiaries but was told that he will not be guaranteed his share of my pension because my child has to be looked after first, but yet we are financially dependent of each other and he assist financially to support my child because his biological father does not contribute enough. If I die he will not be able to financially support himself or continue to look after my son, although he is not the biological father. We also were told that the biological father will have all the right to my pension which will go into a trust. So how will my fiancé be able


1. Check that the keypad is not locked.
 2. Make sure that all keys are responding correctly when they are pressed. In some cases, a key may get stuck and freeze the whole keypad.
 3. Try removing and replacing the covers (if your phone supports that feature). Check that the power and side keys on the cover are properly aligned (e.g. pushed out) to their respective positions to have a proper tactile feel when pressing the keys.


text:
In the vast ocean of young talent emerging from the United States, C Blu has managed to ride the waves of success at a young age. This young rapper has garnered attention for his exceptional musical abilities and unique style, propelling him to fame in the music industry.
Despite his growing popularity, many people still have limited information about this rising star. In this post, we look into the life and career of C Blu, shedding light on his background, accomplishments, and the controversies that have surrounded him.
C Blu Age and Real Name
While many might recognize him by his stage name, C Blu's real identity remains lesser-known. Camrin Williams, as he is officially named, adopted the moniker C Blu to captivate his audience.
This GEN-Z rapper is still in his teenage years, with his birth date falling on April 20. At the time of writing this article, C Blu age is 16, making his achievements even more remarkable for someone so young.
C Blu was born in the vibrant borough of the Bronx, New York, within the United States. Both of his parents are American citizens, and their roots trace back to the nation's diverse cultural heritage. His father worked as a laborer, dedicating his efforts to earn a living. While, his mother fulfilled her role as a housewife, nurturing the family's values and dreams.
Siblings and Family Life
C Blu is not the only child in his family; he has a brother and a sister. Unfortunately, specific details about his siblings, such as their names and ages, are not readily available. Despite their modest background, C Blu's family has been a pillar of support, encouraging him to pursue his passion for music.
C Blu's Controversial Encounter
In 2022, C Blu found himself embroiled in a highly publicized incident that sent shockwaves across the nation. Allegedly involved in a shooting incident, the young rapper spent time at the Juvenile Detention facility in Brooklyn. The incident in question involved an NYPD officer, Kaseem Pennant. And, raised questions about the role of young individuals in firearm-related crimes.
Facing charges for the shooting, authorities later dropped them due to C Blu's age. But, citing that he was only 16 years old and couldn't be prosecuted as an adult.
According to reports, the shooting was deemed an accident during an altercation between the teenager and the officer. Surprisingly, the bullet that was meant for Officer Pennant struck C Blu himself. This led to his apprehension while attempting to escape.
Prior to this incident, C Blu had already been on probation for gun possession. It's a case that was initiated when he was a mere 14-year-old. Regardless of the legal hurdles, he managed to secure a $250,000 bond with the assistance of funds from a record label he recently signed with.
C Blu's Net Worth and Success
Even amidst the controversies, C Blu's musical talent and popularity helped in building his net worth. The young rapper's estimated net worth stands at an impressive $1.5 million.
It's a testament to his rapid rise in the entertainment industry. While financial success can be attributed to his music and endorsements, C Blu's dedication and perseverance have played a pivotal role in his journey.
Embracing the Power of Social Media
In the digital age, social media has emerged as a powerful tool for artists to connect with their audience and expand their fan base. C Blu has been quick to recognize this, utilizing social media platforms. This includes Instagram and Twitter to engage with his followers, promote his music, and share glimpses of his life behind the scenes.
C Blu's Musical Portfolio
As an artist, C Blu has already created an impressive discography. Some of his notable tracks include "No Ozone," "Geeked," "One Chance," "Last Message," "Ooter," "Stop Dissing," "Blu Bop," and "No Ozone Pt2". These songs showcase his versatility and creative flair. Plus, helped him earn a dedicated fan base and critical acclaim within the hip-hop community.
As C Blu continues to evolve as an artist, he also takes on the role of a youth icon. With his significant social media presence, he has become a voice for his generation.
He also addresses issues that resonate with young people today. He uses his platform not only to entertain but also to advocate for positive change. Additionally, he brings awareness on important social matters.
C Blu's music reflects the experiences and struggles of his generation, making it relatable to his audience. His ability to connect emotionally with his fans through his lyrics and storytelling sets him apart as a true artist with a message to share.
As he navigates his way through the music industry, C Blu is also mindful of his responsibilities and the impact of his actions. He strives to be a role model for his peers and younger fans. He encourage them to pursue their dreams while making responsible choices.
While his journey is still unfolding, C Blu's potential for greatness is undeniable. As he matures as an artist and an individual, there is no doubt that he will continue to push the boundaries of creativity. We are sure he'll leave an enduring legacy in the world of music
In conclusion, C Blu's journey from the Bronx to musical stardom exemplifies the triumph of talent and passion over adversity. Despite the challenges and controversies he has faced, his dedication to his craft.
Plus, unwavering support from his family have paved the way for a promising future. As he continues to grow as an artist and an individual, we can expect to witness C Blu leaving an indelible mark on the music industry. Plus, he'll inspire the next generation of young talents.


text:
Harvestor 250 SC is a suspension concentrate containing 250g/L of Azoxystrobin. It has systemic, translaminar and protectant properties.
Rate of Application:
- Cereals (maize, wheat, barley) against Yellow rust, leaf blotch, scald: Use 0.75 Litre per hectare and repeat 3-5 weeks depending on disease pressure.
- Onions, leeks, carrots and garlic (prevention of downy mildew): Use a rate of 1 litre per hectare. Repeat at 7-10 days.
- Legumes (peas, beans, soybeans, etc.): Use 1.0 litre per hectare. and repeat after 7 days.
- Potatoes (for the control of early blight): Use 0.5 litre per hectare at 7 days interval. A total of 3 applications per season.
- Strawberries: Use 1 litre per hectare.
Packing: 1 ltr, 500ml, 250ml, 100ml.
PHI: 35 days on most crops.
Storage: Avoid storage above 35oC.


of my screen, while opening the generated log file on the right (don't pay too much attention to the colors, the discoloration is due to how the alpha channel is being dumped):
It is then usually a rather straightforward task to find a suitable hash code by following these steps:
 - Find the point in the image dump where the first HUD elements appear. In our case, this happens when going from "dump113" to "dump114".
 - Use text search to find the corresponding line in the log file.
 - Continue on downwards to the first call of "SetPixelShader." The second parameter to this call is the hash code we are looking for.
One complication you might notice is that the HUD is already displayed in "dump111". This can happen in many games if a framebuffer used in a previous frame is not cleared. A more solid guideline for (1) in such cases would be "find the last point in the frame dump where no HUD elements are visible", but a bit of experimentation might be required even so.
Creating a Game Profile
In order to use our newly gained hash code, all that remains is creating a game profile for Mass Effect 3. This means creating a subdirectory in the "config" path of the GeDoSaTo installation named after the game executable—that is, as we figured out for the whitelist entry in the beginning, "MassEffect3"—and putting a "GeDoSaTo.ini" file into it. We can then use the built-in editor of GeDoSaToTool to edit it and add the hash code, like so:
We could also add more settings which we only want to apply for Mass Effect 3. Additionally, by placing a "post.fx" shader file in the same directory we can arbitrarily change the post-processing shader used for the game. As a small demonstration that our targeted injection is working, I created a shader which turns the image into a grayscale rendering:
As you can see, only the 3D rendered parts of the game are affected, while the HUD elements still retain their color. In addition to targeted postprocessing, we can now also use the "takeHUDlessScreenshot" keybinding in Mass Effect 3.
While its main purpose is still high-quality downsampling, the current version of GeDoSaTo can also be used as an alternative to SweetFX for the injection of post-processing effects. It goes beyond the scope of similar tools as, with a bit more effort, it can be tuned to apply only where you really want it to, without affecting HUD or UI elements.
If you find some hashes or create good profiles for games which are not yet supported, please do take a moment to contribute them to the project at Github, so that all users of GeDoSaTo can benefit from your efforts. Github offers an easy to use interface and plenty of documentation for how to set up pull requests, which are the best way to contribute—and of course your contribution will be immortalized in the GeDoSaTo version history!


text:
Animal Species:Ischnochiton australis
Not only is this the largest chiton found in Sydney, it is also the most common. If you turn a rock over on any rock platform in Sydney, you should find a few. This species congregates in large groups on rocks close to the low-tide mark.
The shell of this chiton is green-brown and generally not covered in algae, as is the case with some other chiton species in Sydney.
This chiton species is found in southern Australia.
Chitons are found on intertidal rocky shores.


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Essay example - Death by Heidegger
Death by Heidegger Essay example
Pages 6 (1506 words)
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Death by Heidegger Name: Institution: Introduction Death is concept that presents a number of challenge most of which make its explanations unclear. Every living organism eventually dies a fact that increases the human curiosity on the concept. Among the most conspicuous philosophers who tried to understand the concept of death is Martin Heidegger…
Extract of sample
However, death is more complex since it allows no chance for experience. Every other explanation about death to him is therefore mere speculation. Additionally, he observes that everyone is conscious of their inevitable death and always portray fear of the concept but people live their days fully without any psychological disturbance implying that people accommodate the sense of death. Every living organism eventually dies, this is a knowledge that man have but the fact that man cannot always explain the concept of death, people cannot always prepare for it. Scientists in their explanation of death allege death is a state of lifelessness that every organism acquire because of exhaustion of the body tissues. This is a general and a more realistic explanation but its application is relative as different interests groups offer more explanations to the human life well past their deaths. People believe in the existence of God and the life after death, this increases man's curiosity on the topic of death. However, unlike every other human concept, it is impossible to have a practical study of death. The only people with adequate experience of death are the dead themselves who unfortunately do not ever come back to share their experience with the living....
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text:
Diffusion experiments have been conducted using the Ni3Al/NiAl couples at annealing temperatures of 873 and 923 K. It is shown that the Ni5Al3 phase forms between the Ni3Al and NiAl phases during the diffusion annealing. Optical microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) are employed for the identification of the Ni5Al3 phase. Concentration profiles of Al across the diffusion-couple interfaces are measured using EPMA to determine the region of the Ni5Al3 single-phase in the Ni-Al binary phase diagram. Interdiffusion coefficients in the Ni5Al3 phase are also determined from the concentration profiles.
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- General Engineering


text:
Regional Sustainable Development Partnership: A Potential Tool for Projects like Growing Acres
Okey Ukaga, MBA, Ph | Executive Director and Extension Professor, UMN Extension, Southeast RSDP
The University of Minnesota Regional Sustainable Development Partnerships are a citizen-driven, sustainability-focused part of the University of Minnesota Extension. The program is led by region-specific boards composed of local citizen leaders and university faculty. The regional boards identify and support research, education and outreach projects aimed at improving economic, social and environmental sustainability of greater Minnesota in the areas of agriculture and food systems, natural resources, energy, tourism and resilient communities. The projects are then linked to university faculty, students and other resources with a view to using university resources to meet community identified needs. Seed funding may also be invested in selected projects. This presentation will give an overview of the program and highlight how it can help facilitate projects like Growing Acres.


Need advice about which tool to choose?Ask the StackShare community!
OneDrive
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Syncthing
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2
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OneDrive vs Syncthing: What are the differences?
Introduction
In this article, we will explore the key differences between OneDrive and Syncthing. Both OneDrive and Syncthing are file synchronization and cloud storage solutions, but they differ in several aspects. Let's delve into their dissimilarities below.
 1. Ownership and Control: OneDrive is a cloud storage service owned and operated by Microsoft, whereas Syncthing is a decentralized, open-source file synchronization tool. OneDrive offers centralized control and management by a single entity, while Syncthing allows users to have full ownership and control over their data without relying on any external entity.
 2. Synchronization Mechanism: OneDrive uses a centralized server architecture to synchronize files between devices. When a file is modified, it is uploaded to the server, and then the changes are propagated to other connected devices. On the other hand, Syncthing employs a peer-to-peer synchronization mechanism, where files are synchronized directly between devices without the need for a central server. This decentralized approach can provide faster synchronization and reduces reliance on a single point of failure.
 3. Platform Compatibility: OneDrive is primarily designed for Windows and is tightly integrated with Microsoft products and services. It has official client applications for Windows, macOS, iOS, and Android. Syncthing, on the other hand, is cross-platform and supports Windows, macOS, Linux, FreeBSD, and Android. This makes Syncthing more versatile and enables synchronization across a broader range of devices and operating systems.
 4. Privacy and Encryption: OneDrive encrypts data in transit and at rest using industry-standard encryption methods. However, the encryption keys for data stored on the OneDrive servers are managed by Microsoft. Syncthing, on the other hand, provides end-to-end encryption, where the files are encrypted before leaving the source device and decrypted only on the destination device. This ensures that data remains encrypted and private, even if it passes through untrusted servers.
 5. Network Connectivity: OneDrive relies on a stable internet connection to synchronize files between devices. It requires an active internet connection to connect to the server and exchange data. In contrast, Syncthing can synchronize files over a local network without the need for an internet connection. Devices running Syncthing can communicate directly with each other, making it useful in situations where internet access may be limited or unavailable.
 6. File Sharing and Collaboration: OneDrive provides robust file sharing and collaboration features, allowing users to share files and folders with specific individuals or set permissions for public access. It integrates seamlessly with Microsoft Office Online, enabling real-time collaborative editing. Syncthing, however, focuses primarily on file synchronization rather than collaboration. While files can be shared and accessed by multiple devices, it does not provide advanced collaboration features like simultaneous editing or version control.
In summary, OneDrive is a centralized cloud storage service with strong integration with Microsoft products, offering extensive collaboration features. Syncthing, on the other hand, is a decentralized, open-source file synchronization tool that prioritizes privacy, platform compatibility, and peer-to-peer synchronization.
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Pros of OneDrive
Pros of Syncthing
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 FREE
 - 2
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 - 1
 Stable service
 - 1
 Convenient to use
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 Offline
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 - No public GitHub repository available -
 What is OneDrive?
 Outlook.com is a free, personal email service from Microsoft. Keep your inbox clutter-free with powerful organizational tools, and collaborate easily with OneDrive and Office Online integration.
 What is Syncthing?
 It is a continuous file synchronization program. It synchronizes files between two or more computers and replaces proprietary sync and cloud services with something open, trustworthy and decentralized. Your data is your data alone and you deserve to choose where it is stored, if it is shared with some third party and how it's transmitted over the internet.
 Need advice about which tool to choose?Ask the StackShare community!
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Parameterizing column names
Sometimes it is necessary to dynamically determine column names for computed columns based on the information contained in a variable.
Difficulty
Objective
You want to create several computed columns but know that later you will want the same computations done on different columns. One solution is to change all of the information in your code dealing with the old columns to information about the new columns. However, this can be tedious and time consuming, not to mention that you could miss instances of the old column and not replace the outdated information. Instead you can wrap your code in a block where a variable containing the desired column names is defined. The rest of your code then extracts necessary information based on the information contained in the variable instead of a specific column name.
Solution
<block name="computation" colname="xsales,qty,cost" seg="transid customer">
 <base table="pub.doc.retail.altseg.sales_detail_transid"/>
 <loop with_="columns">
 <outer>
 <base table="pub.doc.retail.altseg.sales_detail_transid"/>
 <columns/>
 <colord cols="label"/>
 <set collist="{str_to_lst(@colname;',')}"/>
 <set collist="'{lst_to_str(@collist;'\' \'')}'"/>
 <sel value="name={@collist}"/>
 <transpose/>
 </outer>
 <inner>
 <letseq names="{@columns}" keys="{pkg_names(@names)}">
 <foreach var="{@colname}" col_label="{@keys}" tally_="@i">
 <willbe name="sum_of_{@var}" label="Sum of
 {@columns.{@col_label}}" value="g_sum({@seg};;{@var})"/>
 </foreach>
 </letseq>
 </inner>
 </loop>
 <sel value="g_first1({@seg};;)"/>
</block>
Alternate solution
<block name="computation" colname="xsales,qty,cost" seg="transid"
function="sum">
 <base table="pub.doc.retail.altseg.sales_detail_transid"/>
 <loop with_="columns">
 <outer>
 <base table="pub.doc.retail.altseg.sales_detail_transid"/>
 <columns/>
 <colord cols="label"/>
 <set collist="{str_to_lst(@colname;',')}"/>
 <set collist="'{lst_to_str(@collist;'\' \'')}'"/>
 <sel value="name={@collist}"/>
 <transpose/>
 </outer>
 <inner>
 <letseq names="{@columns}" keys="{pkg_names(@names)}">
 <tabu breaks="{@seg}">
 <foreach var="{@colname}" col_label="{@keys}" tally_="@i">
 <tcol name="{@function}_of_{@var}" label="{@function} of
 {@columns.{@col_label}}" source="{@var}" fun="{@function}"/>
 </foreach>
 </tabu>
 </letseq>
 </inner>
 </loop>
 <sel value="g_first1({@seg};;)"/>
</block>
Discussion
Changing your code to perform the same operations with different values can be problematic. Especially if the code is lengthy, making a mistake in your editing can cause an error that might be difficult to locate. Additionally, it can be a challenge to make sure each instance of the old information is replaced with the new. Running the same query with different data can be simplified by creating one or more variables in a <block> that hold the values of the information you would like to change in the future.
In this solution two variables are defined, one to store column names, colname, and one to store the segmentation of the data table, seg. The column names contained in the colname variable will be used to create tabulated columns containing the sum of the values of each column. These values are calculated using the g_sum(G;S;O;X) function. The seg variable is passed to the g_function to clarify how the table is segmented. To properly label the computed columns, the labels from the source columns are packaged with each column name in the outer loop. Because the column names entered in colname are not stored in a selection friendly format, you must use str_to_lst(X;D) and lst_to_str(X;D) to change the delimiter to a space and add single quotes around each column name.
Alternatively, you can perform a tabulation instead of creating a computed column. This will give you the added option of changing the function by creating a third variable, function. However, using a g_function is preferred due to the table's segmentation. Performing a tabulation will not work on tables with over 3 billion rows.
Common errors
Unequal length iterators in <foreach>
If you do not transpose your table in the outer loop, you will receive this error.
This is because the package created from the outer loop connects each column name to the last value in the column. Without transposing the table, you only have one column. This then tells the <foreach> operation that there is one value in the keys variable and three values in the colname variable.
Further reading
If you would like to learn more about the functions and operations discussed in this recipe, click on the links below:
str_to_lst(X;D)
lst_to_str(X;D)
<loop>
<foreach>


Specialist FMCG, retail & labelling editing and proofreading
The editing and proofreading stage of packaging and branding materials is an essential stage before products are introduced to the market.
English Monitor is able to conduct final independent checking of product labels, packaging, branding and informational materials. This is an essential stage in the quality control process to ensure that accuracy, market orientation and cultural subtleties are preserved without diluting or changing the essential content.
Brand image is a key consideration in retail, so internationally traded consumer goods within competitive sectors must develop a strong brand presence adapted to meet the cultural sensitivities, understanding consumer attitudes of the target market to ensure strong product launch and ongoing success.
Whether your product requires editing/proofreading for its retail packaging, labelling (medicines, ingredient lists etc), product descriptions, product operations manuals, flyers, posters or other advertising materials we can adapt and re-orientate them to make your message intentionally targeted to an English speaking audience.
For post-translation editing, a particular example of the need for total and unambiguous accuracy is the case of medicine labelling where dosage and dose frequency translation errors could have very serious consequences with legal implications should inaccuracies be found. Similarly, care labels on garments require particular care during editing post-translation according to the material type and aftercare instructions.
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text:
5th Element K-2 Class @ Rifle
Children in kindergarten through 2nd grade are invited to the Rifle Branch Library on Friday, February 22 from 12 to 2 p.m. to learn about segregation and how it affected all citizens and sparked the civil rights movement with Ms. Melissa Matis. Students will be introduced to the key events and figures of the Civil Rights Movement. Supplies and snacks will be provided. This class is limited to 25 children, and preregistration is required to attend this event. Please call _PHONE_ or go to _URL_ to preregister.


text: Threshold logic is gaining prominence as an alternative to Boolean logic. The main reason for this trend is the availability of devices that implement these circuits efficiently (current mode, differential mode circuits), as well as the promise they hold for the future nanoalldevices (RTDs, SETs, QCAs and other nano devices). This has generated renewed interest in the design automation community to design efficient CAD tools for threshold logic. Recently a lot of work has been done to synthesize threshold logic circuits. So far there has been no efficient method to verify the synthesized circuits. In this work we address the problem of combinational equivalence checking for threshold circuits. We propose a new algorithm, to obtain compact functional representation of threshold elements. We give the proof of correctness, and analyze its runtime complexity. We use this polynomial time algorithm to develop a new methodology to verify threshold circuits. We report the result of our experiments, comparing the proposed methodology to the naive approach. We get up to 189X improvement in the run time (23X on average), and could verify circuits that the naive approach could not.


MIT scientists study spider web structure by translating it into music
April 15, 2021 by No Comments
Now you can walk through a virtual spider web, using VR headset and controllers to interact with a web sonification model.
A spider weaving its intricate web is a bit like a person composing a song, at least in the eyes of MIT materials engineer Markus Buehler, whose research involves translating web structure into musical melodies. Together with his collaborators, he has devised a way for humans to "enter" a 3D spider web and explore its structure both visually and aurally via a virtual reality setup. Buehler described the ongoing project during a talk at the (virtual) meeting of the American Chemical Society (ACS) this week.
The work may one day lead to a means of rudimentary communication with spiders in their own "language" of web vibrations, such as when they stretch a strand of silk while building a web or when the strands vibrate in response to a gust of wind or to the presence of trapped prey. "The spider lives in an environment of vibrating strings," Buehler said during an online press conference. "They don't see very well, so they sense their world through vibrations, which have different frequencies."
As we've reported previously, several years ago, Buehler led a team of MIT scientists that mapped the molecular structure of proteins in spider silk threads onto musical theory to produce the "sound" of silk in hopes of establishing a radical new way to create designer proteins. The hierarchical elements of music composition (pitch, range, dynamics, tempo) are analogous to the hierarchical elements of a protein structure. Much like how music has a limited number of notes and chords and uses different combinations to compose music, proteins have a limited number of building blocks (20 amino acids) that can combine in any number of ways to create novel protein structures with unique properties.
That work inspired a sonification art exhibit, "Spider's Canvas," in Paris in 2018. Artist Tomas Saraceno worked with MIT engineers to create an interactive harp-like instrument inspired by the web of a Cyrtophora citricola spider, with each strand in the "web" tuned to a different note. To create the harp, the team scanned a spider web with a laser to capture the 2D cross-sections and then reconstructed that 3D network with computer algorithms. Next they assigned specific frequencies to the web strands to serve as musical notes. Combine those notes in various patterns in the web's 3D structure and you can generate melodies.
"The sounds are very complex, and they don't sound like conventionally tuned instruments, because of course a spider does not use the same tuning system we do in musical creation," said Buehler. "Rather, the spider has tuned the web to their own idea of how the web should be tuned as the optimal sensor, an optimal prey-catching apparatus. It's quite haunting in its sounds—unusual, but quite beautiful."
In 2019, Buehler's team subsequently developed an even more advanced system of making music out of a protein structure—and then converting it back to create novel proteins never before seen in nature. They assigned each amino acid a tone based on its natural resonant frequency—actually more akin to a chord, since amino acids vibrate at several overlapping frequencies. The different 3D structures of the molecules determined the duration of each tone.
Enlarge / Cross-sectional images (shown in different colors) of a spider web were combined into this 3D image and translated into music.
Isabelle Su and Markus Buehler
Since there are 20 amino acids, this produced a 20-tone scale. The team also developed a free Android app, called the Amino Acid Synthesizer, so users can create their own protein "compositions" from the sounds of amino acids. And last year, Buehler's lab applied the same approach to model the vibrational properties of the spike protein responsible for the high contagion rate of the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2.
Buehler's presentation at the ACS meeting focused primarily on the virtual reality environment that allows the user to enter a virtual spider web and wander through its structure The idea is that one might be able to pick up more interesting structural features by combining both vision and hearing, since it gives the user a much richer sensory experience of the spider web.
While most people are familiar with two-dimensional spider webs, according to Buehler, most spiders actually build three-dimensional cobwebs, and it was those structures he was most interested in exploring through sound. He thinks of spiders as "autonomous 3D printers," constructing their webs without any supportive scaffolding, unlike manmade 3D printing processes. "So we have a material that is created or spun by the spider in real time with a very low energy consumption, creating these very complex structures in three-dimensional space," Buehler said.
Some of the MIT experiments involved scanning a spider web as it was being constructed, translating each stage into music so the team could study the process in audible form. "We can create a harp for each construction state, so you can begin to see how the spider harp actually changes during the construction, almost like a living musical instrument," said Buehler. The researchers were also able to virtually study how the web's sound changes in response to different mechanical forces, such as stretching a particular strand and increasing the tension until the strand breaks, producing a snapping sound.
The ultimate aim is to learn to create similar synthetic spiderwebs and other structures that mimic the spider's process. "We're interested in changing the overall paradigm of how we think about materials," said Buehler. "A spider is able to sense the integrity of the web through the vibrations. If it's damaged, they can repair it. They have a whole different relationship to the structure they built; they are actually a part of it." He imagines future manmade structures, such as bridges, designed with a similar built-in repair mechanism. "You wouldn't build something and wait for it to break, but continuously repair it," he said. "It would become a living organism."
Spiders use their webs to catch prey, but they also use them to collect sensory information via the vibrations of the various strand and as a means of communication, tapping the web to produce vibrational patterns. In other experiments, Buehler et al. recorded the various web vibrations as the spiders went about different activities: constructing their webs or sending courtship signals, for example. They designed a special machine-learning algorithm to distinguish between the various sounds, since the frequencies pretty much all sound alike to human ears.
"Now we're trying to generate synthetic signals to basically speak the language of the spider," Buehler said. "If we expose them to certain patterns of rhythms or vibrations, can we affect what they do, and can we begin to communicate with them? Those are really exciting ideas."
Spider web sonification during construction, first premiered at Saraceno's OnAir exhibition, Paris, 2018.
Listing image by Isabelle Su and Markus Buehler
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86006DS.JPG
This medical illustration series compares correct v. incorrect placement of a subclavian catheter (catheterization) in a black female. Anterior overviews and a detailed inset show the following: 1. Correct procedure where the catheter is properly placed into the right subclavian vein and threaded into the superior vena cava, 2. Incorrect procedure showing the catheter penetrating the wall of the vein.


text:
Recent Benchmarking Efforts
Past Benchmarking Efforts
During the development of the Strategic Investment Plans, the NSRP Executive Control Board concluded that a baseline was needed in order to measure performance of the U.S. shipbuilding industry during the period of the program. To establish the baseline, benchmarking of shipyards in the U.S., Europe, Japan and South Korea was conducted. The proven benchmarking method that was used established each shipyard's current competitive position along with an evaluation of the applied technology and practices in key areas against peers in the shipbuilding industry, both foreign and domestic.
NSRP Recomendations for Shipbuilding Industrial Base Investment Fund (based on initial Benchmarking Study below)


Analytics Toolbox for Snowflake
Analytics Toolbox for Snowflake
Go back
Enrichment of catchment areas for store characterization
In this example we are going to characterize all Starbucks locations in the US by the total population covered by their catchment areas. We are going to define these catchment areas as a 3km buffer around each store.
First, let's start by visualizing all Starbucks locations in the US, extracted from Safegraph's Places dataset sample, freely available through Snowflake's Data Marketplace.
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SELECT ST_MAKEPOINT(LONGITUDE, LATITUDE) as geom FROM CDA26920_STARBUCKS_CORE_PLACES_SAMPLE.PUBLIC.CORE_POI
Store locations.
To quickly explore this data, using the Analytics Toolbox, we can easily compute an aggregation of these locations using Quadkeys at resolution 15, which lets us visualize the result as a heatmap. Here is a close-up of the Manhattan area, where we can easily identify the areas of highest concentration of Starbucks stores.
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WITH qks AS
(SELECT carto.QUADINT_FROMLONGLAT(LONGITUDE, LATITUDE, 15) AS qk
FROM CDA26920_STARBUCKS_CORE_PLACES_SAMPLE.PUBLIC.CORE_POI)
SELECT count(*) as num_stores, carto.QUADINT_BOUNDARY(qk) AS geom FROM qks GROUP BY qk
Store aggregations in quadkeys of resolution 15.
Now, let's enhance our analysis by computing a 3 km buffer around each store, using the geometry constructor module from the Analytics Toolbox:
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SELECT carto.ST_MAKEELLIPSE(ST_POINT(LONGITUDE,LATITUDE),3,3,0,'kilometers',12) as geom
FROM CDA26920_STARBUCKS_CORE_PLACES_SAMPLE.PUBLIC.CORE_POI
Store locations and 3km buffers.
We can then deepen our analysis by computing the Quadkeys at resolution 15 that intersect with these buffers using the available polyfill function.
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WITH qks AS(
SELECT carto.QUADINT_POLYFILL(
 carto.ST_MAKEELLIPSE(ST_POINT(LONGITUDE,LATITUDE),3,3,0,'kilometers',12), 15) AS qk
FROM CDA26920_STARBUCKS_CORE_PLACES_SAMPLE.PUBLIC.CORE_POI
)
SELECT carto.QUADINT_BOUNDARY(VALUE) AS geom
FROM qks, lateral FLATTEN(input => qk)
Quadkey polyfills of store buffers.
Next, we enrich the resulting Quadkeys with the total population and the population by gender using CARTO's Spatial Features dataset, available for free in the Snowflake Data Marketplace. Since this dataset is already delivered in Quadkeys at resolution 15, enrichment can be performed by a simple JOIN.
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WITH qks AS(
SELECT carto.QUADINT_POLYFILL(
 carto.ST_MAKEELLIPSE(ST_POINT(LONGITUDE,LATITUDE),3,3,0,'kilometers',12), 15) AS qk
FROM CDA26920_STARBUCKS_CORE_PLACES_SAMPLE.PUBLIC.CORE_POI
),
geom_data AS(
SELECT carto.QUADINT_TOQUADKEY(VALUE::BIGINT) AS geoid, carto.QUADINT_BOUNDARY(VALUE) AS geom
FROM qks, lateral FLATTEN(input => qk)
GROUP BY VALUE
)
SELECT t1.geom AS geom, population, t2.female, t2.male
FROM geom_data t1
INNER JOIN DATA_MARKETPLACE.CARTO.VIEW_DERIVED_SPATIALFEATURES_USA_QUADGRID15_V1_YEARLY_2020 t2
ON t1.geoid = t2.geoid;
By zooming into a particular area we can see the distribution of the total population (where darker colors represent higher population levels).
Enriched polyfill buffers.
Once we have this data ready, we can now calculate the total population that is within a 3km radius from each store location. This catchment analysis can be performed from start to finish with the following query:
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WITH qks AS(
SELECT carto.QUADINT_POLYFILL(
 carto.ST_MAKEELLIPSE(ST_POINT(LONGITUDE,LATITUDE),3,3,0,'kilometers',12), 15) AS qk, SAFEGRAPH_PLACE_ID as store_id
FROM CDA26920_STARBUCKS_CORE_PLACES_SAMPLE.PUBLIC.CORE_POI
),
flat_qks AS(
SELECT t1.store_id, carto.QUADINT_TOQUADKEY(VALUE::BIGINT) AS geoid
FROM qks t1, lateral FLATTEN(input => qk)
),
enriched_qks AS(
SELECT t1.store_id, t1.geoid, t2.population, t2.female, t2.male
FROM flat_qks t1
INNER JOIN DATA_MARKETPLACE.CARTO.VIEW_DERIVED_SPATIALFEATURES_USA_QUADGRID15_V1_YEARLY_2020 t2
ON t1.geoid = t2.geoid
),
kpis_per_store AS(
SELECT store_id, SUM(population) as tot_pop, SUM(female) as tot_female, sum(male) as tot_male
FROM enriched_qks
GROUP BY store_id
)
SELECT t1.store_id, t1.tot_pop, t1.tot_female, t1.tot_male, ST_POINT(LONGITUDE,LATITUDE) as geom
FROM kpis_per_store t1
INNER JOIN CDA26920_STARBUCKS_CORE_PLACES_SAMPLE.PUBLIC.CORE_POI t2
ON t1.store_id = t2.SAFEGRAPH_PLACE_ID
The result is a beautiful map visualization, where each Starbucks location is represented by a point and whose catchment is proportional to the total population within a 3km radius:
Store characterization by population covered by catchment area.


text:
About the Australian Student Christian Movement
The Australian Student Christian Movement (ASCM) is an ecumenical movement of tertiary students, university faculty and senior friends with a history in Australia dating back over a hundred years. It is an affiliate movement of the World Student Christian Federation (WSCF), an international federation of over 100 national movements spanning six WSCF regions: Africa, Asia-Pacific, Europe, Latin America and Caribbean, Middle East and North America.
In 2004 the General Assembly of WSCF affirmed the following statement as the guiding vision of the federation:
The WSCF is a global community of Student Christian Movements committed to dialogue, ecumenism, social justice and peace. Its mission is to "empower students in critical thinking and constructive transformation of our world by being a space for prayer and celebration, theological reflection, study and analysis of social and cultural processes and solidarity and action across boundaries of culture, gender and ethnicity."


text:
MafFilter is a program written in C++ with the Bio++ libraries. It is a command line program (that is, without graphical user interface) which uses the Bio++ Options (BppO) syntax. This syntax is of type 'keys'='values', which can be passed directly as arguments of the maffilter program
maffilter option1=value1 option2=value2... optionN=valueN
or more conveniently, stored in an "options" file (specified with param=option_file), or a combination of both:
maffilter param=option_file maffilter param=option_file option1=value1 option2=value2
See the Bio++ Program Suite (BppSuite) manual for more information.
MafFilter typically takes as input a MAF file and a series of commands which determine the output file(s) that will be written and where. Additional input files might be specified, such as gene annotation files (typically in GFF/GTF format). Here is the structure of a minimal option file:
DATA=example.file //A user-defined variable, representing the input maf file, without extension input.file=$(DATA).maf.gz //Input maf file, gzipped input.file.compression=gzip output.log=$(DATA).maffilter.log //Output log file maf.filter= //A coma separated list of filters, here empty (the programs only read the input file and exits).
The list of filters can be split on multiple lines for convenience, providing each line is escaped by a '\' at the end to indicate that the next line is a continuation of the current one:
maf.filter=Filter1,\ Filter2,\ Filter3
Please refer to the Bio++ Program Suite manual for more details, including the use of variables, priority of option values, etc.