z/OS MVS JCL Reference
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Normal termination disposition subparameter
z/OS MVS JCL Reference
SA23-1385-00
DELETE
Indicates that the data set is no longer needed if this step terminates normally.
For a DASD data set, DELETE means that the space occupied by that data set is available for use by other data sets. The system will physically erase the data set itself only if the erase option of a security product, such as RACF®, is in effect for this data set. If the erase option is not in effect, the data will remain on the DASD until overwritten by another data set. For information on how to set the erase option, see the documentation for the security product.
For a tape data set, DELETE does not physically erase the data from the tape volume. The data will remain on the tape until overwritten by another data set. If the tape volume is a public volume, specifying DELETE allows the system to reuse the tape volume for other data sets that require a public volume; the system may overwrite the data set.
Note: Start of change DELETE requests are always treated as requiring exclusive serialization, preventing other jobs using the data set until it is deleted. This occurs even when DISP=(SHR,DELETE) is coded. As such, data sets with DISP=(SHR,DELETE) will not have its control changed, even when DSENQSHR=ALLOW is specified on the JOB card or in the JOBCLASS. End of change
Existing data sets:
 - If you set a retention period on the DD RETPD parameter, an existing data set is deleted only if its retention period is passed; otherwise the data set is kept.
 - If you set an expiration date on the DD EXPDT parameter, an existing data set is deleted if the expiration date has passed.
 If the storage administrator specified OVRD_EXPDT(YES) in the IGDSMSxx member of SYS1.PARMLIB, you can override the expiration date or retention period for SMS-managed data sets by specifying DELETE on the DD DISP parameter. In that case, the data set will be deleted whether or not the expiration date or the retention period has passed. See z/OS MVS Initialization and Tuning Reference for information on the IGDSMSxx parmlib member.
New data sets:
A new data set is deleted at the end of the step even though a retention period or expiration date is also specified. See the DD EXPDT or RETPD parameters.
If the system retrieves volume information from the catalog because the DD statement does not specify VOLUME=SER or VOLUME=REF, then DELETE implies UNCATLG: the system deletes the data set and removes its catalog entry.
KEEP
Indicates that the data set is to be kept on the volume if this step terminates normally.
Without SMS, only KEEP is valid for VSAM data sets. VSAM data sets should not be passed, cataloged, uncataloged, or deleted.
With SMS, all dispositions are valid for VSAM data sets; however, UNCATLG is ignored.
For new SMS-managed data sets, KEEP implies CATLG.
PASS
Indicates that the data set is to be passed for use by a subsequent step in the same job.
With SMS, the system replaces PASS with KEEP for existing VSAM data sets. When you refer to the data set later in the job, the system obtains data set information from the catalog.
Note:
 1. A data set can be passed only within a job.
 2. If you specify DISP=(NEW,PASS) but, at the end of the job, one or more data sets were not received by any job step, then the maximum number of DD statements you can specify decreases by one. (The size of the TIOT controls how many DD statements are allowed per job step.) For example, if the current limit is 1635 DD statements, you can specify DISP=(NEW,PASS), and up to 1634 DD statements.
 3. Coding PASS does not ensure that the operator will not unload the volume or that the system will not demount it to accommodate another job step allocation. Either can occur when the device on which the volume is mounted is not allocated to the job step that specified PASS or, for unlabeled tapes, when the volume requires verification. If the system does demount a volume for which RETAIN was requested, it will do so by issuing message IEF234E R (retain) for that volume. When the system reaches the next step requiring that volume, it will request the operator to remount the volume on an available device of the appropriate type.
CATLG
Indicates that, if the step terminates normally, the system is to place an entry pointing to the data set in the catalog. Note that the data set is kept.
An unopened tape data set is cataloged, unless the volume request is nonspecific or unless the data set is allocated to a dual-density tape drive but no density is specified. A nonspecific volume request is a DD statement for a new data set that can be assigned to any volume or volumes.
For information about the rules for cataloged data set names, see z/OS DFSMS Access Method Services Commands.
UNCATLG
Indicates that, if the step terminates normally, the system is to delete (1) the entry pointing to the data set in the catalog and (2) unneeded indexes, except for the highest level entry. Note that the data set is kept.
With SMS, UNCATLG is ignored for SMS-managed data sets and VSAM data sets (KEEP is implied).
By default, if the system retrieves volume information from the catalog, UNCATLG is processed. If not, the UNCATLG request is rejected and UNCATLG is treated as KEEP. Volume information is not retrieved from the catalog when VOLUME=REF or VOLUME=SER is specified on the DD statement, or for new data sets. However, if the ALLOCxx Parmlib setting for SYSTEM VERIFY_UNCAT is TRACK, MSGTRACK, or LOGTRACK, the UNCATLG request is honored and the data set is uncataloged regardless of whether or not the volume information in the catalog matches the volume information that is used for the dataset.
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text:
YUBA COUNTY, Calif. - Yuba River water levels are rising higher and the Yuba Water Agency is releasing water from the new Bullards Bar Dam.
The spillway gates of the dam opened up on Monday.
The agency says around 3,000 cubic feet of water is being released from the spillway every second.
- Water released from Bullards Dam as Yuba River water levels rise
- Increased water releases from Keswick Dam to Sacramento River
- Officials triple water releases out of Keswick Dam
- Water releases increased again for Shasta and Keswick dams
- Increased Keswick Dam water releases spark flooding concerns
- Department of Water Resources halts releases from Oroville Dam Spillway
- Water seeps down Oroville Dam spillway
- Low Water Levels at Lake Oroville
- Police Identify Body Found Near Yuba River
- Water levels rise in Lake Oroville but officials do not expect to use spillway

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Can I rebuild my local cache?
You can remove the local cache entries and obtain new copies from the server without having to exit the Oracle B2C Service application and manually delete these files. Your local cache files store all option lists data (any data accessed from a drop-down menu or menu list, such as customizable menu items) plus additional data such as report and workspace definitions, questions, documents, and standard text. If you aren't sure whether your local copy of common data matches the data on the server, rebuild your local cache to retrieve the most up-to-date data.
Note: Contact your CX administrator before rebuilding your local cache. If you are unsure about who your administrator is, ask your supervisor.
To rebuild your local cache:
- Click the Application/File button in the top, left corner. Select Options towards the bottom of the application menu. The Oracle B2C Service Options window opens with Personal Settings displayed by default.
- Check the 'Rebuild Local Data Cache' box under Local Data on the bottom of the window.
- Click the OK button to save all changes made to your personal settings. You will be prompted to confirm your request to rebuild your local cache.
- Click the Yes button so Oracle B2C Service can determine what files need to be retrieved and the amount of data that will be retrieved. Once this analysis is completed, the data retrieval begins and a progress bar displays.
Once all data is received from the server and written to the cache, the progress bar closes as does the Oracle B2C Service Options window.
5. Next, close and log out of RightNow to complete the cache rebuilding process.
For additional information, refer to the 'Accessing application options' section in the Online Help User Guide documentation for the version your site is currently running. To access Oracle B2C Service manuals and documentation online, refer to the Documentation for Oracle B2C Service Products.


Generic filters
Emotion Intensity Meter
The EIM-100 Emotion Intensity Meter allows subjects to indicate on an ongoing basis the intensity of their emotional response to experimental visual or auditory stimuli. It connects to a DIN8 transducer input of an iWorx data recorder and the responses are shown on a dedicated channel of the LabScribe recording.
Manual: EIM-100
Design Your System
Choose the parameters you want to Measure
EMG : Number of Channels
Invasive BP : Number of Channels
Non-Invasive BP : Number of Channels
Flow : Number of Channels
Temperature: Number of Channels
Force: Number of Channels
Stimulation: Describe the type
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text:
GAINESVILLE, Fla. — The Florida Museum of Natural History has finished the design and development stage of its newest permanent exhibit, "Water Shapes Florida." Construction is set to begin later this month, with an anticipated open date of spring 2024.
"We recognize this as a huge opportunity for us as the state museum of natural history to tell the story of water, arguably Florida's most important resource, and in a compelling way that both informs and inspires conservation and stewardship," said Darcie MacMahon, the Florida Museum's director of exhibits and public programs.
The "Northwest Florida" exhibit will close beginning Feb. 27, and "Water Shapes Florida" will open early next year. The new exhibit will be free to all visitors.
Guests can look forward to a glass-bottom boat experience that will simulate what it's like to ride down some of Florida's beloved waterways while educating visitors on the challenges and importance of maintaining healthy springs.
A Recharge Lounge and Water Lab will welcome guests to take part in unique educational experiences like an interactive exploration of Florida's aquifer and to learn about current research with multimedia displays, interpretive graphics and museum specimens.
A field cabin replica, complete with simulated weather patterns outside its LED screen "windows," will welcome visitors to a hammock forest and limestone cave.
"The existing cave actually inspired the new exhibit – it is a perfect platform for talking about Florida's unique geology and the spongelike limestone aquifer beneath our feet that contains our freshwater supply," MacMahon said. "Renovations will transform the rest of the exhibit hall into a more contemporary experience that explores the water story."
The Northwest Florida Hall was the first permanent exhibit to open in Powell Hall more than 20 years ago in 2000. Some of its most iconic elements will live on and be incorporated into "Water Shapes Florida" with new refurbishments and technology. The museum is keeping sustainability at the forefront of the renovation process, with emphasis on reusing components when possible and relocating others to museums and educational centers.
"The popular existing hammock and cave environments will be brought to life with new lights, sound and media. I think visitors will enjoy seeing their favorite parts of the exhibit in a whole new way," said Florida Museum exhibit coordinator Julie Waters.
The exhibit is funded in part by a $100,000 donation from Duke Energy Foundation and a $500,000 grant from the Florida Department of State. Further funding is being provided by gracious gifts from corporations, family foundations and museum supporters.
To donate to this exciting new endeavor, visit _URL_
View more renderings for what the exhibit will look like; plans are subject to change:
Writer: Nikhil Srinivasan, _EMAIL_
Source: Julie Waters, _EMAIL_; Darcie MacMahon, _EMAIL_
Media contact: Kaitlin Gardiner, _EMAIL_


Documentation forHybrid Cloud Observability Advancedand Server Configuration Monitor
Specify element credentials in SCM
Server Configuration Monitor (SCM) elements, including SQL queries, scripts, registries, and files, can be executed using custom credentials. Credentials can be added to both custom and out-of-the-box profiles (although out-of-the-box profiles cannot be edited otherwise). When creating or editing an element, you can decide what credentials can be used during polling. SCM defaults to Use Orion default credentials if you don't specify credentials. This default also applies to elements that were created in previous versions of SCM. This setting means that everything is polled exactly the same as before using LOCAL_SYSTEM user on the Windows Agent and swiagent user on the Linux Agent. However, some elements, such as Database elements, require credentials, as Windows Authentication is not supported.
Adding credentials can be useful in a variety of situations. For instance, if you're searching for a particular configuration file, and previously, the agent did not have the permissions needed to access those files, you can now change the credentials so that you can access the files you're looking for. Similarly, if there is a PowerShell script you are trying to run, and previously, it did not have adequate permissions, you can now add credentials to that and run the script as desired.
There are a few limitations to custom credentials you should be aware of:
 - Only username-password credentials are supported.
 - Username length is limited to 255 characters.
 - Passwords cannot be empty.
To specify credentials for a newly created element:
 1. Add a configuration element for monitoring.
 Step 1 - Define credentials
 2. Under Access Authentication, select Add new credentials from the drop-down menu.
 Step 2 - Define credentials
 3. Enter the desired credentials, and click Add.
 Step 3 - Define credentials
To set credentials for elements that have already been assigned:
 1. From Server Configuration Monitor Settings, click the Assigned Elements tab, and select the elements for which you'd like to set credentials.
 Select Assigned Elements to set credentials
 2. Click Set Credentials.
 Click Set Credentials
 3. Select Connection string and Credentials for each element type (as applicable), and then click Set.
 Set credentials for assigned elements
A list of all credentials that are currently in use as well as inactive credentials in your instance of SCM is available when you click the Credentials tab. From here, you may edit or delete credentials, but you can add them only using the process described above.
Credentials tab
SCM also makes it possible to add or edit multiple elements of a specific profile at the same time. This allows you to change a credential directly rather than changing each affected element for routine password updates if you make them every 90 days. It also enables you to make a mass change on a profile to a different set of credentials. When you make this change, it updates all elements on the profile to the new credential at once. To add or edit multiple elements at the same time:
 1. From the Edit configuration profile screen, select multiple configuration elements, and click Edit.
 Edit multiple configuration elements simultaneously
 2. Select Access authentication, and use the drop-down menu to specify credentials for all selected elements. Then click Save.
 Save new credentials


Assessing the significance of global and local correlations under spatial autocorrelation: A nonparametric approach
Authors
Summary
We propose a method to test the correlation of two random fields when they are both spatially autocorrelated. In this scenario, the assumption of independence for the pair of observations in the standard test does not hold, and as a result we reject in many cases where there is no effect (the precision of the null distribution is overestimated). Our method recovers the null distribution taking into account the autocorrelation. It uses Monte-Carlo methods, and focuses on permuting, and then smoothing and scaling one of the variables to destroy the correlation with the other, while maintaining at the same time the initial autocorrelation. With this simulation model, any test based on the independence of two (or more) random fields can be constructed. This research was motivated by a project in biodiversity and conservation in the Biology Department at Stanford University.
Ancillary


text:
The definition of bairn is the Scottish term for a child.(noun)
An example of a bairn is a reference in a book when a Scottish character says they "have a dozen bairns," which means a dozen children.
See bairn in Webster's New World College Dictionary
See bairn in American Heritage Dictionary 4
Origin: Middle English barn
Origin:, from Old English bearn; see bher-1 in Indo-European roots.
Learn more about bairn

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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This technique managed to spot the age of the ink on documents written up to five years previously and with an approximation margin of about 20%. In these cases, significant dating errors occur because the type of paper used and the mass/quantity of the ink deposited influence the analysis.
What is ink identification test?
liquid chromatography Determining individual dye components ― An examination called liquid chromatography can be conducted to identify the chemical composition of inks on a document. In this technique, a small cutting from the questioned document is dissolved in a solvent and analyzed.
How are the age of documents determined?
The age of documents may also be determined by examination of the paper, ink, toner and other attributes of the document. Some of these examinations require engaging specialists such as ink chemists, paper experts and others.
How do you date a paper?
If youre writing in MLA style, list the date, month and then year. Do not use commas. For example: 14 March 1985 or March 1985. If youre writing in APA style, list the month, date and then year.
What is the importance of ink analysis in questioned document examination?
The importance of ink analysis has been noted in case of obliterations for differentiating the ink on basis of its chemical composition; further, the source and also the age of ink which ultimately gives the approximate age of the document providing leads and clues in the investigation process.


text:
Ancient Macedonian grave yields its treasures
Athens New excavations at a rich ancient cemetery in northern Greece have yielded gold jewellery, copper and iron weapons and pottery. Archaeologists digging in part of a vast burial ground near Pella, the ancient capital of Macedonia, have unearthed 43 new graves dating from 650-279BC, a Culture Ministry statement said.
The dead included 20 warriors who had been buried in the Archaic period, between 580 and 480 BC, with copper helmets, left, and iron swords, daggers and spearheads. Ornaments of gold foil – especially made for funerary use – covered their mouths, eyes and chests.
A total of 915 graves have been excavated over the past eight years at the site of Arhontiko, about 330 miles (530km) northwest of Athens.
Archaeologists estimate that this represents


text:
Written by: Annie Musgrove
Clarity AI, a startup founded by Spanish entrepreneur Rebeca Minguela has raised $15 million in funding to develop tech that analyses the social impact of companies and investments. The round was led by Deutsche Börse and Mundi Ventures.
Part of the environmental, social and governance (ESG) world, Clarity AI helps investors understand the impact of their portfolios through a proprietary technology platform. The platform uses machine learning and big data — data from more than 30,000 companies, 198 countries, 187 local governments and over 200,000 funds — to assess sustainability and provide clear reports.
Read more here


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The Royal Society of Chemistry's West India Section (RSC-WIS) is thrilled and proud that Professor Lakshmy Ravishankar AMRSC was awarded the Royal Society of Chemistry Inspirational Member Award for 2018.
Professor Ravishankar is Assistant Professor at Vaze College, Mumbai, and has been working tirelessly and taken tremendous initiatives towards promoting chemistry outreach amongst undergraduate and post-graduate students.
As part of RSC-WIS she regularly conducts chemistry workshop events which are impeccably organized, and has helped us further our outreach goals effectively. She has also been an enthusiastic advocate for the importance of research and the chemical sciences through news articles in national media. These activities have been instrumental in breaking the hierarchy existing in the minds of students who earlier underestimated the career prospects offered by chemical sciences, and preferred a career in alternative fields.
The RSC Inspirational Member awards recognise committees and individuals who have engaged with and had impact within their communities. The award complements the Award for Service; it is intended to be more accessible for those who have had a significant and demonstrable impact through their voluntary activities, and is aimed at member-led activities within network communities rather than service through formal governance.
The award was presented in Mumbai by Richard Porte, Head of Strategic & Commercial Partnerships at the RSC, and Vaze College hosted a ceremony for her.
Professor Ravishankar was also included as one of the 175 Faces of Chemistry by the RSC for her unique contributions to chemical sciences.


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The revolutionary AquaC protein skimmers do not use venturis, downdraft tubes, or air pumps; they employ the patented "Spray Injection System." This innovation allows the protein skimmer to efficiently draw in much more air than any other of the top protein skimmers. This coupled with the superiorly designed compact reaction chamber yields results that will literally blow the waste out of your water.How does Spray Injection Work?
In 1998, Jason Kim (owner and founder of AquaC) developed a patented process of protein skimming which has come to be known as Spray Injection. Unlike previous forms of skimming, our spray injection method enables huge amounts of air and water to be processed with a relatively small pump. Although it is a simple process, there is still some confusion as to how the spray injector works.
Imagine that you're washing your car – you've got a bucket full of soapy water and a garden hose with a fast-moving stream of water. By placing your thumb over the end of the hose, you can disrupt the stream into a turbulent, high –pressure spray. Now direct that spray down into the bucket of water, and you'll generate a massive amount of bubbles and air flow. That is exactly how our spray injector works.
The skimmer body acts as a water reservoir – the bucket in the example above. Water is pumped through the spray injector, which has a special nozzle that fans the water out into a pressurized spray. This spray shoots into the skimmer body, generating millions of tiny air bubbles. As the bubbles are formed, more air is sucked into the skimmer as a result of the local drop in pressure and the process continues.
Most other forms of protein skimming rely on special valves or media to generate the air flow, and these parts quickly become clogged with salt, dust, or even mineral deposits. The AquaC spray injector is a relatively large nozzle that resists clogging, and when combined with a pump prefilter, can be considered maintenance free.
The redesigned and improved EV Series skimmers raise AquaC's spray injection skimming (U.S. Patent # 6,156,209, #6,436,295) to a new level in terms of efficiency, performance, and value. A new baffling system combined with a significantly larger mixing box results in far less turbulence and increased contact time. The net effect is a dramatic increase in skimmer performance despite a drop in pump pressure requirements. AquaC's molded spray injector now generates a significantly larger number of microbubbles, boosting overall performance to unbelievable levels considering such low pump pressure requirements.Features:
- Flexible design for in-sump or external applications.
- The new EV Series skimmers are designed to run in sumps WITHOUT BEING RAISED. The output gate valve has been increased to a height of 10" (EV-120/180 models), which means that as long as your sump level is 9" or lower you will not need to worry about fluctuations having an impact on skimming consistency. The powerful EV-120 can sit in water as deep as 9".
- The addition of a precision ball valve for airflow control allows the aquarist to fine tune the skimmer's output. Unlike most other high performance skimmers in this class, the EV is remarkably silent. The spray injection system does not generate the sucking noises typical of venturi and Beckett units.
- The John Guest "Speedfit" fitting is a great feature you will only find on AquaC ozone-equipped skimmers. This fitting is standard on models EV-240 and above, and can be ordered on the EV-120/180. Aquarists may also connect their calcium reactor effluent line to the skimmer's speedfit connection. The pH of a calcium reactor effluent typically falls between 6.5-6.9, and over time the addition of this low pH effluent can have a deleterious effect on the system's pH level. By dosing your effluent directly into the skimmer, excess CO2 will be "blown off" into the atmosphere and the tank pH will remain unaffected.
- The improved "Twist-Lock" collection cup and cap makes for a secure, flanged connection without the need for set screws or other locking type unions. Simply twist to crack the seal (EPDM gaskets) and removal requires a scant ¼" clearance. The new EV Series skimmers can be operated with AquaC's auto-waste container, which are available in 2.5 and 5 liter sizes.
- Increased contact time = more protein removal. The size of the mixing box has been increased on all models by approximately 40%. To accommodate the extra foam the skimmers now feature taller and wider reaction towers, as well.
- Height: 20"
- Recommend Pumps: Mag Drive 7 or Rio 3100
- Footprint: 5.75" x 9"
- Foam Tower: 5" OD
- Tank Size: 75-180 Gallons
- JG Fitting: Optional 1/4" JG fitting
- Bubble Size:.03–.05mm
- Water flow-thru rate: 275gph
- Volume of foam produced: 135cu.in.
- 3/4" hose barb water input
- 1" gate valve output
- 5/8" collection cup drain
- 3/8" threaded air inlet
- Gate valve exit is 8" high
|EV 120/180 Skimmer
||EV 240 Skimmer|
AquaC Protein Skimmers in Use
|This is one reef aquariums where the AquaC prototypes are tested on.|
At the time of the picture, this aquarium had been running with an AquaC EV90. Note that this aquarium is fairly heavily stocked. After this picture was taken, quite a bit more livestock has been added to this aquarium. Currently, an AquaC EV150 is running on this well-overstocked tank. AquaC feels that this the EV150 is probably not neccessary for the tank, but they feed their tank quite aggressively to keep all the fishes that has been added healthy and wanted to keep maintenance at a minimum. According to AquaC, maintenance on this aquarium has been extremely low.
The AquaC EV-150 protein skimmer working on our aquairum:
Please note the dry consistency and quantity of the foam being collected by the AquaC protein skimmer. This drain cup is being filled on a daily basis. There is a convenient collection cup drain connector that allows you to drain the the waste collected in collection cup into a waste container.
This particular model stands only 20" tall, so it is extremely easy to place this skimmer underneath most aquarium stands. Even the model EV200 fits very easily under most aquarium stands.
The AquaC EV skimmer working in one of our customer's tank:


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Definitions of bel
n. - The Babylonian name of the god known among the Hebrews as Baal. See Baal. 2
n. - A thorny rutaceous tree (Aegle marmelos) of India, and its aromatic, orange-like fruit; -- called also Bengal quince, golden apple, wood apple. The fruit is used medicinally, and the rind yields a perfume and a yellow dye. 2
The word "bel" uses 3 letters: B E L.
No direct anagrams for bel found in this word list.
Words formed by adding one letter before or after bel (in bold), or to bel in any order:
a - able bale blae b - bleb d - bled i - bile l - bell o - bole lobe p - pleb s - bels t - belt blet u - blue lube w - blew
All words formed from bel by changing one letter
Browse words starting with bel by next letter


Impact of taxes on the profitability of projects
China Mining Taxation Workshop – Organised by the Australian Canadian Mining Industry Working Group (ACMIWG), Beijing, China, September 2003
This paper calculates the optimum tax rate for the mining industry.
This study looked at the profitability and level of taxation within the Western World mining industry. Over the 20 year period _PHONE_, the industry only generated an average return of 4.6% to shareholders.
The average tax rate paid by the industry was 39%. This includes corporate taxes and royalties, but excludes indirect taxes. An analysis of the Australian Mining industry shows that these indirect taxes can be very significant – and the overall effective tax rate is 50%.
While the overall returns generated by the mining industry may be low, individual mines may be spectacularly profitable. Indeed, it is the hope of finding such a mine that drives the industry to continue to operate in the face of poor profitability from its existing assets!
Detailed modelling was carried out on the economics of 1000 largest known copper deposits in the world. The aim was to firstly determine how many of these would be built today assuming a given set of tax rules and hurdles. And secondly, if developed, how would the economic benefit be shared between the developer and the government?
Intuitively, if the tax rate is too high, no mines get built and no one benefits. If the tax rate is too low then lots of mines will be built but the Government's revenues may be low (and restricted to the indirect taxes on inputs). But on the other hand, the Government has to provide incentives to industry to find the deposits (and cover the cost of the unsuccessful exploration).
The analysis found that the optimum tax rate depends on the level of business risk. In low-risk countries like Australia the optimum rate is around 50% (which is where the effective tax rate currently is). However, in high-risk countries the optimum rate is 20 – 30%. A key message from this is that High-Risk countries should benchmark their tax rates against their peers rather than against low-risk countries like Australia or Canada.
The paper concludes that there are three actions a Government can do to maximise its return from mining. These are:
 1. Set the tax rate at the right level
 2. Lower the cost of exploration
 3. Lower the level of business risk
The last factor has the largest impact!
Return to Publications


text:
Definition of jar :
1. A deep, broadmouthed vessel of earthenware or glass, for holding fruit, preserves, etc., or for ornamental purposes; as, a jar of honey; a rose jar.
2. A rattling, tremulous vibration or shock; a shake; a harsh sound; a discord; as, the jar of a train; the jar of harsh sounds.
3. A regular vibration, as of a pendulum.
4. A turn. [ Only in phrase.]
5. Clash of interest or opinions; collision; discord; debate; slight disagreement.
6. In deep well boring, a device resembling two long chain links, for connecting a percussion drill to the rod or rope which works it, so that the drill is driven down by impact and is jerked loose when jammed.
7. The measure of what is contained in a jar; as, a jar of oil; a jar of preserves.
8. To act in opposition or disagreement; to clash; to interfere; to quarrel; to dispute.
9. To cause a short, tremulous motion of, to cause to tremble, as by a sudden shock or blow; to shake; to shock; as, to jar the earth; to jar one's faith.
10. To give forth a rudely quivering or tremulous sound; to sound harshly or discordantly; as, the notes jarred on my ears.
11. To tick; to beat; to mark or tell off.
reorganize, quart, excite, clash, swing, fluff up, electrical shock, joggle, impact, collide, flutter, plump up, vibrate, thrill, jerking, reel, jounce, saccade, conflict, bump, blow, electric shock, agree, shock absorber, pitcher, sway, ewer, wave, stupor, waver, disaccord, rock, fluctuate, cushion, vase, bump around, flap, beaker, chalice, tremble, raise up, seismic disturbance, basin, stir up, jarful, reorganise, discord, contradict, thud, oscillate, succuss, daze, vessel, totter, crock, stimulate, brandish, shake up, contents, vex, jerk, mug, commove, urn
agitate (part of speech: verb)
container (part of speech: noun)
suitcase, container, bladder, purse, locker, pocket, drum, bottle, bucket, tray, holder, shelf, crate, bowl, stomach, vault, box, trunk, wallet, repository, cup, receptacle, bin, tank, can, cabinet, chest, storage, flask, belly, jug, reservoir, sack, pouch, pot, cupboard, drawer, decanter, bag, closet, barrel, case, ladle, vat, basket, cask
displease (part of speech: verb)
bottle (part of speech: noun)
- This was what made the jar and crash. - "The Young Forester", Zane Grey.
- As soon as it is nicely picked, put it into a jar, and cover it down very close. - "A Poetical Cook-Book", Maria J. Moss.
- He peered through this at the lamp and put the jar back. - "O. Henry Memorial Award Prize Stories of 1921", Various.


text:
Fertility and Nutrients
Azotic receives organic approvals for Envita in Canada
June 26, 2023 By Potatoes in Canada
Azotic Technologies Ltd. (Azotic) announced its nitrogen-fixing products of Envita in Canada, as well as Encera in the United Kingdom, are approved for organic use.
Envita and Encera are applied in a liquid formulation as foliar or in-furrow applications, allowing farmers to reduce synthetic nitrogen fertilizer in crops including potatoes, soybeans, corn and cereals while maintaining yield. Envita and Encera are also applied to existing fertilizer programs to boost yields. Envita and Encera enable cells throughout the plant, including foliage and roots, to fix their nitrogen and fill the nitrogen gap between crop-available and crop-accessible nitrogen.
″Global market demand for organically certified crops is growing and the addition of these organic approvals to our product portfolio provides Azotic further growth potential beyond our production agriculture foundation," says Ray Chyc, CEO of Azotic. ″Our goal is to have our N-fixing products fit any farming practice while delivering strong ROI. With these organic registrations and more to come, we are delivering on that promise.″
Canadian approval is based on the National Standard of Canada on Organic Production Systems and Permitted Substances Lists. In The U.K., organic suitability is set according to the Soil Association Organic Standards for Great Britain & Northern Ireland as a preparation of micro-organisms.
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How to Capitalize the First Letter of a Word in Google Sheets
When working with text in Google Sheets there are a number of times where you may need to modify the data.
Google Sheets has a few text functions that are useful for doing different things.
For example, sometimes you may need to capitalize the first letter of words in your cells. Google Sheets has functions that will help you do this.
In this tutorial, I will show you 2 formulas that will help you capitalize the first letter of words in Google Sheets.
How to Capitalize the First Letter of Each Word in Google Sheets
If you have a string of text in a cell, and you want to capitalize the first letter of every word in that string, the PROPER function will help you do this.
The PROPER function will output your selected text with the first letter capitalized of every word in the cell.
The PROPER function only takes one argument, which is the text that you want to perform the function on.
Here is the syntax of this formula:
PROPER(text)
Here is how to use this function:
 1. Select the cell where you want the formula to output the data.
 2. Type the word "Proper" and press the Tab button on your keyboard
 3. Select the cell with the text that you want to change
 4. Type a closing parenthesis ")"
 5. Press Enter on your keyboard
Proper
This method is useful if you want to capitalize every single word in a cell, but if you only want the first letter of the first word capitalized, use the below method
How to Capitalize the First Letter of a String of Text
If you only want to capitalize the first letter of a cell, you have to combine a few different functions.
There is not a single function in Google Sheets that will do this, but if you combine a few formulas, you can get the job done.
These are the functions you will need to combine and what they do:
 - UPPER – Converts string to uppercase
 - LEFT – Substring from the beginning of a specific string
 - RIGHT Substring from the end of a specific string
 - LEN – Length of a string
You would need to combine these in one formula with this syntax if you were performing it on the first cell in your spreadsheet:
=UPPER(LEFT(A1,1))&RIGHT(A1,LEN(A1)1)
You can see in the example below that this will capitalize only the very first word in your string.
Capitalize
This formula works because you are taking the very first letter at the left of your string and uppercasing it (UPPER & LEFT), and then adding on all the letters from the right of the string, except for the first letter. (RIGHT & LEN -1).
This is a very clever way of accomplishing this job. There are certainly other ways to do this in Google Spreadsheets, but this is going to be the best method.
Closing Thoughts
With the 2 methods, we have shown above you should easily be able to capitalize the first letter in your cells.
If you are still confused about how to use these functions, make sure to watch the video at the top of the page!
More Google Sheets Tutorials:
How to Sort by Date


text:
Treasure hunters have one last chance to grab a still unclaimed £9,000 gold bar in a countryside riddle aimed at helping save threatened rural landscapes in Lincolnshire.
Clues connected to myths and mysteries surrounding ancient marshland linking coast and countryside will lead to one riddle solver claiming the £9,000 gold bar, but treasure seekers only have to October 6 to crack the puzzle.
Already the Riddle of the Marshes has captured worldwide interest, with clue-laden themed packs snapped up as far afield as Canada, USA and Thailand.
The innovative project aimed at raising the profile of rural communities and historic grazing marshes stretching from Grimsby to Gibraltar Point along the Lincolnshire coastline has won the support of Harry Potter and Star Wars actor Warwick Davies.
Warwick said: "Lincolnshire has many small towns and communities that are a pleasure to visit. I have family in Louth, so I travel to that part of the world often. The Riddle of the Marshes is a great way for people to discover the treasures of Lincolnshire and maybe even come away with some actual treasure."
This unique treasure hunt will lead those taking part on a journey of knowledge and discovery through Lincolnshire's Grazing Marshes. Tucked away amongst the ancient pastures and rolling landscape of East Lindsey are the answers to a riddle that will unlock a vault containing 10oz of solid gold. Nothing is hidden or buried and all the clues are visible in a public space.
Illustrated Riddle of the Marshes packs, costing £15, offer a tempting insight in to countryside legends as well as the many hidden gems of this undiscovered part of the country.
With more than 150 packs sold so far, the campaign to promote a forgotten landscape, forged over centuries of traditional farming on a changing coastline, has already generated increased footfall at local B&Bs, museums and shops. But as yet, no one has come up with the winning vault combination and time is running out.
Packs are available from Louth, Skegness and Mablethorpe, Tourist information Centres, or can be ordered on 01507 613134.
For more details visit _URL_ or follow the quest on Twitter @LincsMarshes.
For more details of things to do and places to stay in Lincolnshire, visit _URL_


EmberCommandEntry Struct Reference
Command entry for a command table.
_TAG_
Data Fields
const char * name
CommandAction action
const char * argumentTypes
const char * description
const char *const * argumentDescriptions
Command entry for a command table.
Field Documentation
◆ action
CommandAction EmberCommandEntry::action
A reference to a function in the application that implements the command. If this entry refers to a nested command, then action field has to be set to NULL.
◆ argumentDescriptions
const char* const* EmberCommandEntry::argumentDescriptions
An array of strings, with a NULL terminator, indicating what each argument is.
◆ argumentTypes
const char* EmberCommandEntry::argumentTypes
In case of normal (non-nested) commands, argumentTypes is a string that specifies the number and types of arguments the command accepts. The argument specifiers are:
 - u: one-byte unsigned integer.
 - v: two-byte unsigned integer
 - w: four-byte unsigned integer
 - s: one-byte signed integer
 - r: two-byte signed integer
 - q: four-byte signed integer
 - b: string. The argument can be entered in ascii by using quotes, for example: "foo". Or it may be entered in hex by using curly braces, for example: { 08 A1 f2 }. There must be an even number of hex digits, and spaces are ignored.
 - *: zero or more of the previous type. If used, this must be the last specifier.
 -?: Unknown number of arguments. If used this must be the only character. This means, that command interpreter will not perform any validation of arguments, and will call the action directly, trusting it that it will handle with whatever arguments are passed in.
 -!: Optional argument delimiter. If the command input has sufficient arguments such that the parser ends on a! symbol, then the command will be considered valid, even if it does not necessarily process the entire argumentTypes string. If there are additional arguments beyond a!, but still fewer arguments than the next either the next! or the end of the string, then the command will be considered invalid. Note that this leaves the called CommandAction function to actually validate what number of optional arguments it actually got. Example: Given a argumentTypes String: uu!vv!u!vv The following inputs type orders are valid: uu, uuvv, uuvvu, uuvvuvv The following are invalid: u, uuv, uuvvuv, uuvvuvvv
Integer arguments can be either decimal or hexidecimal. A 0x prefix indicates a hexidecimal integer. Example: 0x3ed.
In case of a nested command (action is NULL), then this field contains a pointer to the nested EmberCommandEntry array.
◆ description
const char* EmberCommandEntry::description
A description of the command.
◆ name
const char* EmberCommandEntry::name
Use letters, digits, and underscores, '_', for the command name. Command names are case-sensitive.
The documentation for this struct was generated from the following file:
 - command-interpreter2.h


Skip to definition.
Noun: carouse ku'rawz
 1. Revelry in drinking; a merry drinking party
 - carousal, toot, booze-up
Verb: carouse ku'rawz
 1. Engage in boisterous, drunken merrymaking
 "They were out carousing last night";
 - roister, riot
Derived forms: caroused, carousing, carouses
Type of: jollify, make happy, make merry, racket, revel, revelry, wassail [archaic], whoop it up


Realtime Client Library API
Rewind
Overview
The rewind parameter allows you to specify, at the time of attaching to a channel, where to start the attachment from.
You can specify either:
 - A given number of messages.
 - A point in time in the past, as a time interval.
The parameter relates to the initial attachment of a connection to a channel, and expresses the intent to attach to the channel at a position, or a point in time, in the past (that is, effectively "rewinding" the channel for the purposes of the present attachment).
The rewind parameter is specified using channel parameters.
Examples
Rewind example with an Ably client library
A rewind value that is a number n (eg rewind=1) is a request to attach to the channel at a position n messages before the present position. If the attachment is successful, and one or more messages exist on the channel prior to the present position, then those messages will be delivered to the subscriber immediately after the attachment has completed, and before any subsequent messages that arise in real time.
If fewer than the requested number of messages exists on the channel (including the case that there are no prior messages), then the available messages are sent; this does not constitute an error.
To subscribe to a channel, getting the most recent message if available:
var realtime = new Ably.Realtime('xVLyHw.LGKueA:hT554nJxccjeCf3ggmJFUo6I1XpTA6azv77FJU85My8');
realtime.channels.get('top-dew-add', {
 params: {rewind: '1'}
}).subscribe(msg => console.log("Received message: ", msg));
var realtime = new Ably.Realtime('xVLyHw.LGKueA:hT554nJxccjeCf3ggmJFUo6I1XpTA6azv77FJU85My8');
realtime.channels.get('top-dew-add', {
 params: {rewind: '1'}
}).subscribe(msg => console.log("Received message: ", msg));
final Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<>();
params.put("rewind", "1");
final ChannelOptions options = new ChannelOptions();
options.params = params;
final Channel channel = ably.channels.get("top-dew-add", options);
channel.subscribe(new MessageListener() {
 @Override
 public void onMessage(Message message) {
 System.out.println("Received '" + message.name + "' message with data: " + message.data);
 }
});
let options = ARTClientOptions(key: "xVLyHw.LGKueA:hT554nJxccjeCf3ggmJFUo6I1XpTA6azv77FJU85My8")
let client = ARTRealtime(options: options)
let channelOptions = ARTRealtimeChannelOptions()
channelOptions.params = [
 "rewind": "1"
]
let channel = client.channels.get(channelName, options: channelOptions)
var clientOptions = new ClientOptions();
clientOptions.Key = "xVLyHw.LGKueA:hT554nJxccjeCf3ggmJFUo6I1XpTA6azv77FJU85My8";
clientOptions.Environment = AblyEnvironment;
var ably = new AblyRealtime(clientOptions);
var channelParams = new ChannelParams();
channelParams.Add("rewind", "1");
var channelOptions = new ChannelOptions();
channelOptions.Params = channelParams;
var channel = ably.Channels.Get("top-dew-add", channelOptions);
channel.Subscribe(message => {
 Console.WriteLine(message.Data.ToString());
});
A rewind value can also be a string that is a time interval specifier. Supported specifier values express an integral number of seconds (eg 15s) or minutes (eg 2m). If that attachment is successful, and one or more messages exist on the channel in the given time interval prior to the present time, then those messages will be delivered to the subscriber immediately after the attachment has completed, and before any subsequent messages that arise in real time.
If you wish to use a time interval rewind but additionally specify a limit on the number of messages to be returned, you can use the rewindLimit channel parameter. For example, to request up to 10 messages in a window 5m before the present time, specify a channel parameter string of rewind=5m&rewindLimit=10. If fewer than the requested number of messages exists on the channel in that interval (including the case that there are no messages), then the available messages are sent; this does not constitute an error.
Rewind example with SSE
To subscribe to a channel, getting the most recent message if available:
var querystring = 'v=1.2&channels=top-dew-add&rewind=1&key=xVLyHw.LGKueA:hT554nJxccjeCf3ggmJFUo6I1XpTA6azv77FJU85My8';
var eventSource = new EventSource('_URL_ + querystring);
Rewind example with MQTT
var mqtt = require('mqtt');
var options = {
 keepalive: 30,
 username: 'xVLyHw.LGKueA', /* API key's name */
 password: 'hT554nJxccjeCf3ggmJFUo6I1XpTA6azv77FJU85My8', /* API key's secret */
 port: 8883
};
var client = mqtt.connect('mqtts:mqtt.ably.io', options);
client.on('connect', () => {
 client.subscribe('[?rewind=1]top-dew-add');
});
client.on('message', (topic, message) => {
 ...
});
Additional information
At most 100 messages will be sent in a rewind request. If the number of messages within the specified interval is greater than that limit, then only the most recent messages up to that limit are sent. The attachment succeeds, but truncation of the message backlog is indicated as a non-fatal error in the attachment response.
Rewind by time (rewind=30s) can only get messages at most 2 minutes old. So, if you specify rewind=3m, you will only get the last 2 minutes of history upon attaching. For now, it's not possible to reach into persisted history using time-based parameters.
Rewind by a certain number of messages (rewind=20) is restricted by the channel's persistence period. If you've not enabled persisted history, this will be 2 minutes. If you have persistence enabled, this will be 24 hours for free accounts, and 72 hours for paid accounts.
The channel position expressed by a rewind parameter only has an effect on an initial channel attachment. Any subsequent reattachment of the same channel on the same connection, in order to resume the connection, will attempt to resume with continuity from the point at which the connection dropped. (There are a few exceptions to this: in particular, client libraries earlier than v1.2 that have been disconnected for over two minutes, and all clients when using recover mode ; in both cases the previous attachment state is not preserved).
Any rewind parameter value that cannot be parsed either as a number or a time specifier will cause the attachment request to fail and return an error.
Persist last message
If you have enabled the persist last message channel rule on a channel, you can attach with rewind=1 to retrieve the last message. Note that only the last message can be stored long-term (up to a year), and persisting the last message does not work for presence messages.
API Reference
View the Channel Options API Reference.
Need help?
If you need any help with your implementation or if you have encountered any problems, do get in touch. You can also quickly find answers from our knowledge base, and blog.


Subgroups (FREE)
Introduced in GitLab 9.0.
You can organize GitLab groups into subgroups. You can use subgroups to:
 - Separate internal and external organizations. Because every subgroup can have its own visibility level, you can host groups for different purposes under the same parent group.
 - Organize large projects. You can use subgroups to give different access to parts of the source code.
 - Manage people and control visibility. Give a user a different role for each group they're a member of.
Subgroups can:
 - Belong to one immediate parent group.
 - Have many subgroups.
 - Be nested up to 20 levels.
 - Use runners registered to parent groups:
 - Secrets configured for the parent group are available to subgroup jobs.
 - Users with the Maintainer role in projects that belong to subgroups can see the details of runners registered to parent groups.
For example:
graph TD
 subgraph "Parent group"
 subgraph "Subgroup A"
 subgraph "Subgroup A1"
 G["Project E"]
 end
 C["Project A"]
 D["Project B"]
 E["Project C"]
 end
 subgraph "Subgroup B"
 F["Project D"]
 end
 end
Create a subgroup
Prerequisites:
NOTE: You cannot host a GitLab Pages subgroup website with a top-level domain name. For example, subgroupname.example.io.
To create a subgroup:
 1. On the top bar, select Menu > Groups and find and select the parent group to add a subgroup to.
 2. On the parent group's overview page, in the top right, select New subgroup.
 3. Select Create group.
 4. Fill in the fields. View a list of reserved names that cannot be used as group names.
 5. Select Create group.
Change who can create subgroups
To create a subgroup, you must have at least the Maintainer role on the group, depending on the group's setting. By default:
To change who can create subgroups on a group:
 - As a user with the Owner role on the group:
 1. On the top bar, select Menu > Groups and find your group.
 2. On the left sidebar, select Settings > General.
 3. Expand Permissions and group features.
 4. Select a role from Roles allowed to create subgroups.
 5. Select Save changes.
 - As an administrator:
 1. On the top bar, select Menu > Admin.
 2. On the left sidebar, select Overview > Groups.
 3. In the group's row select Edit.
 4. Select a role from Allowed to create subgroups.
 5. Select Save changes.
For more information, view the permissions table.
Subgroup membership
NOTE: There is a bug that causes some pages in the parent group to be accessible by subgroup members. For more details, see this issue.
When you add a member to a group, that member is also added to all subgroups. The user's permissions are inherited from the group's parent.
Subgroup members can:
 1. Be direct members of the subgroup.
 2. Inherit membership of the subgroup from the subgroup's parent group.
 3. Be a member of a group that was shared with the subgroup's top-level group.
flowchart RL
 subgraph Group A
 A(Direct member)
 B{{Shared member}}
 subgraph Subgroup A
 H(1. Direct member)
 C{{2. Inherited member}}
 D{{Inherited member}}
 E{{3. Shared member}}
 end
 A-->|Direct membership of Group A\nInherited membership of Subgroup A|C
 end
 subgraph Group C
 G(Direct member)
 end
 subgraph Group B
 F(Direct member)
 end
 F-->|Group B\nshared with\nGroup A|B
 B-->|Inherited membership of Subgroup A|D
 G-->|Group C shared with Subgroup A|E
Group permissions for a member can be changed only by:
 - Users with the Owner role on the group.
 - Changing the configuration of the group the member was added to.
Determine membership inheritance
To see if a member has inherited the permissions from a parent group:
 1. On the top bar, select Menu > Groups and find the group.
 2. Select Group information > Members.
Members list for an example subgroup Four:
Group members page
In the screenshot above:
 - Five members have access to group Four.
 - User 0 has the Reporter role on group Four, and has inherited their permissions from group One:
 - User 0 is a direct member of group One.
 - Group One is above group Four in the hierarchy.
 - User 1 has the Developer role on group Four and inherited their permissions from group Two:
 - User 0 is a direct member of group Two, which is a subgroup of group One.
 - Groups One / Two are above group Four in the hierarchy.
 - User 2 has the Developer role on group Four and has inherited their permissions from group Three:
 - User 0 is a direct member of group Three, which is a subgroup of group Two. Group Two is a subgroup of group One.
 - Groups One / Two / Three are above group Four the hierarchy.
 - User 3 is a direct member of group Four. This means they get their Maintainer role directly from group Four.
 - Administrator has the Owner role on group Four and is a member of all subgroups. For that reason, as with User 3, the Source column indicates they are a direct member.
Members can be filtered by inherited or direct membership.
Override ancestor group membership
Users with the Owner role on a subgroup can add members to it.
You can't give a user a role on a subgroup that's lower than the roles they have on ancestor groups. To override a user's role on an ancestor group, add the user to the subgroup again with a higher role. For example:
 - If User 1 is added to group Two with the Developer role, they inherit that role in every subgroup of group Two.
 - To give User 1 the Maintainer role on group Four (under One / Two / Three), add them again to group Four with the Maintainer role.
 - If User 1 is removed from group Four, their role falls back to their role on group Two. They have the Developer role on group Four again.
Mention subgroups
Mentioning subgroups (@<subgroup_name>) in issues, commits, and merge requests notifies all members of that group. Mentioning works the same as for projects and groups, and you can choose the group of people to be notified.


text:
Routine Weather Events can Be Costly
As temperatures go down heating bills tend to go up. And now one Colorado research facility has put a number on just how much strain changes in the weather put on the economy.
Researchers at the National Center for Atmospheric Research in Boulder used data from the last 70 years to evaluate the "weather sensitivity" of the nation's economy. They say the costs of common weather occurrences, like rainy days or cooler than average temperatures, adds up to nearly $500 billion annually.
Jeffery Lazo is an NCAR economist. He says Colorado's economy is one of the more sensitive where states are concerned.
"We have some industries that are weather sensitive such as agriculture, the tourism industry and we do have a lot of variability across the state from the western slope and the Front Range."
Lazo says they are planning to refine their national estimate. Right now it doesn't include the costs of severe weather events, like this year's devastating tornados in the south or recent flooding seen in mid and northwestern states.


text:
Tue 13 Sep 2022, 6pm-7.30pm
We hosted a panel discussion around the theme of looked after children past and present, with a specific focus on how black children experience the care system. The panel included professor of social and cultural history at Anglia Ruskin University Lucy Bland, whose book Britain's Brown Babies: The Stories of Children Born to Black GIs and White Women in the Second World War won the 2021 Social History Society book prize, senior lecturer in social work at Hope University Philomena Harrison, and two former residents of the Fazakerley cottage homes, Jim Howard and Brian Lawrenson.
Looked After Children
This event was part of the Bluecoat's Looked After Children project, which commemorate the lives of the children who were students in the Bluecoat building when it was used as a charity school.


Take the 2-minute tour ×
I came across a recipe for buttermilk yeast bread which includes:
pinch of ginger (helps activate the yeast)
I tried searching around for more information about that, and the best I came up with was this "ask a scientist" question which suggests that it's some unknown compound(s) that somehow affect the yeast's growth - and that cinnamon inhibits it.
Does anyone have any more information? How strong is the effect? Are there any other things which similarly affect yeast growth?
share|improve this question
Dextrous malt or malted barley increases gluten formation without extra yeast. With regards to ginger I don't know. – justkt Feb 12 '11 at 17:21
3 Answers 3
up vote 13 down vote accepted
From Cookwise, there's a table given from Wright, Bice and Fogelberg's "The Effect of Spices on Yeast Fermentation" from Cereal Chemistry, March 1954. where amount is the grams of the given spice with 2 grams of sugar and 1 gram of yeast in 30 ml of water, and the change in yeast activity is measured in ml of gas increase in 3 hrs. Here's the section for ginger:
Amount Change in Yeast Activity
0.1 + 87
0.75 +172
1.0 +136
2.0 + 72
Of course, cinnamon shows an even larger increase at the 0.1 gram addition (+103), it just starts hindering at larger increments.
update : and to answer the second part of the question; Cookwise only listed a few additives (cardamom, cinnamon, ginger, dry mustard, nutmeg, and thyme), and they weren't all tested in the same amounts; the only two that were inhibiters were cinnamon in larger amounts, and dry mustard (for which they only had one point). It's possible that there was more in the original article, as the lead-in to the table said "The accompanying table shows the effects of some of these spices".
share|improve this answer
Very interesting--and I would note that the ginger appears to hinder production at higher volumes like cinnamon does. I wonder if what the spices at low volumes are adding is digestible free amino nitrogen or some kind of fatty acid--both of which are great yeast nutrients--but at larger volumes their other constituents come into play. – bikeboy389 Feb 15 '11 at 15:51
_USER_: they don't have enough data points. The benefit decreases for the amounts they tested, but it's not a hinderance in the amounts tested, where the yeast actually produced less gas. (which occured at 1g of cinnamon added, and 0.25g of mustard) – Joe Feb 15 '11 at 16:27
I don't think the Ginger helps activate the yeast. In fact, ginger has anti-fungal properties, and as yeast is a very simple fungus, it seems very unlikely to particularly thrive in the presence of ginger.
I don't think it's reputed to be outright bad for yeast like cinnamon is, but it is supposed to kill other fungi.
I also looked into the chemical components of yeast nutrients for brewing (baking and brewing yeast being so similar as the be almost indistinguishable in most uses), and couldn't find anything listed as a desirable nutrient that matched up to what ginger brings to the table.
share|improve this answer
I did expect someone might say "that's an old wives' tale; it doesn't do anything," but I wasn't expecting it to be harmful to the yeast! Interesting! – Jefromi Feb 14 '11 at 21:40
Yeast grows at an exponential rate until its fermentation poisons catch up with it and start inhibiting growth. Ginger acts as a buffering agent in small quantities. Very small quantities. A buffering agent controls the pH of the dough. As long as the dough pH remains within a certain range, yeast will continue to grow at an exponential rate. The effect of small amounts of ginger added to the dough can shorten rise time approximately 50 percent. it also improves the quality of the rise, giving smaller, more consistently sized bubbles. The key here is very small quantities. I never use more than a pinch, added to the initial proofing of the yeast mixture.
share|improve this answer
Your Answer


text:
The foundry lab supports instruction in the Manufacturing Processes and Systems course, the Metalcasting course, research, and student projects. Twice a semester the foundry is opened outside of normal class hours to allow students to pour decorative castings or their own parts. The foundry uses the green sand process and can melt 100 lb of steel and 50 lb of aluminum. Cores, which make internal cavities in castings, can be made using the sodium silicate process. This process does not require dangerous curing gases and can be cleaned up using water. Students have built parts for the formula race car and home light fixtures. There is also an active student chapter of the American Foundry Society, which sponsors tours of local industry, on-campus speakers, and talks at local high schools.
The foundry at SVSU would not be possible without the support of industry. The students and faculty would like to thank all of the companies for their support.


Take the 2-minute tour ×
I need to pick a future date from calendar, suppose the date I am selecting is 04/30/2013. Now what I want is to send the date to server. At server end I need to calculate the number of days between the future date and current date and send it to database.
The problem is that when I do the calculation locally (because my server and browser are in same timezone) it works fine, but when the server is in a different timezone than the browser the difference in days does not come as expected. Someone please help me how to solve the timezone issues.
share|improve this question
Why don't you substract the dates on the client? – NeplatnyUdaj Apr 17 '13 at 9:23
How do you send the date to the server? What format, I mean? – MaxArt Apr 17 '13 at 9:24
_USER_ That would be a violation of the MVC paradigm. – MaxArt Apr 17 '13 at 9:25
Your question is not entirely clear to me: you are using javascript on the client side and java on your server? – jeroen_de_schutter Apr 17 '13 at 9:26
Well, you could simply pass the utc time to the server which generates the dates and calc the days between. – sk2212 Apr 17 '13 at 9:28
add comment
2 Answers
Convert both dates in one common timezone e.g. GMT and then calculate the difference.
share|improve this answer
add comment
To Offset for time differences
You should use a format to send the data that includes the timezone within it. You could:
 1. Use UNIX time which does not use timezones (milliseconds since epoch) with GMT 00, and also use this on java side
see: Get current date/time in seconds?
 1. Use ISO-8601 which is a standard and can include the timezone as well of the browser, and then parse this server side:
To Calculate the Difference (using MS and Calendar Object)
You need to use the calendar object. You create a calendar object and set with a future date: e.g. How to set Java.util.calendar to a specific time period in the future Then you can perform a calculation by subtracting the current date (as long) with the long returned by the calendar, and dividing by (1000*60*60*24).
Some code I used in my own application to find entries greater than a specific datetime (midnight):
long currentTimeStamp = System.currentTimeMillis();
Calendar cal;
cal = Calendar.getInstance();
cal.setTime(new Date(currentTimeStamp));
cal.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, 0); cal.set(Calendar.MINUTE, 0); cal.set(Calendar.SECOND, 0); cal.set(Calendar.MILLISECOND,0);
long midnight = cal.getTimeInMillis();
if(currentTimeStamp - midnight > (30*24*60*60*1000))break;
share|improve this answer
add comment
Your Answer


text:
What is Check Truncation?
Check Truncation meaning in finance or banking terminology / glossary / dictionary is:
The conversion of data on a check into an electronic image after a check enters the processing system. Check truncation eliminates the need to return canceled checks to customers. See also Check 21.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
The aim of this study was to determine if infrared thermography can be used as a tool to detect jugular venipuncture in the horse to support United States Equestrian Federation drug administration rule enforcement. This is a blinded, randomized clinical trial, and eight adult Thoroughbreds were used. For each horse, thermographic images of both jugular grooves were obtained by a blinded examiner, prior and subsequent to jugular venipuncture (10-mL sterile saline). Injected sides were randomized, and images were acquired before injection and then 0.5 hours, 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours, 6 hours, 12 hours, 24 hours, and 36 hours after injection. Horses were maintained in a temperature-regulated stall. Images were reviewed and analyzed with standard thermography software to determine if venipuncture could be detected. Images of treated sites were minimally visibly different from those obtained at baseline or for the control sites. Following image analysis, a significant reduction (P <.05) was identified when mean jugular groove injection site temperature measurements were compared to baseline mean temperature measurements. The greatest observed difference (1.4 ± 0.8°C) was identified at 2 hours after injection. At time points 0.5 hours, 6 hours, and 12 hours, delta T (difference between the mean temperature at each time point and the baseline temperature) was significantly different between the jugular injection site and the control site. Infrared thermography detects a significant change in surface skin temperature from baseline following jugular venipuncture for sterile saline injection. No significant comparable observed changes were identified at the control sites.
- Infrared thermography
ASJC Scopus subject areas


text:
Wanted: Montana heritage keepers
The Montana Historical Society is seeking nominations from across the state to honor the people who are the backbone of preserving local and Montana history.
The historical society is looking for the kinds of people or organizations one turns to with questions about the history of the people and the events that have shaped the cities, towns and rural areas in which they live.
Each year at the Montana Historical Society's History Conference the MHS trustees present two Heritage Keeper Awards from the nominations they receive. They may also present a Heritage Guardian Award for persons or organizations for outstanding accomplishments that deserve special commendation.
Nominations must honor living individuals who have demonstrated commitment to significant Montana history projects or to the identification and preservation of objects, building or sites that have importance to local and Montana history.
Examples of potential nominees include educators, authors, genealogists, historians, preservationists, archivists and any person or group devoted to the preservation and interpretation of Montana's heritage and culture.
The 2016 Heritage Keeper Awards went to Alfred Wiseman of Choteau and Nancy Watts of Lewistown, while Evan Barrett of Butte received the Heritage Guardian Award.
Nominations must include the official nomination form, a brief explanation of the extent and significance of the body of work of the nominee and can include supporting documentation of things like news articles, commendation, letters of support and other examples of the nominees work. They are due March 15.
Nominations can be made online at montanahistoricalsociety.org, then click on top of the page "About MHS," and then click on Montana Historical Society Trustees, and at right of that page click on "Trustees Heritage Keeper Award." Those who don't have access to computers or have questions can contact Joy Lewis at _PHONE_ for the nomination form or other information.


text( path = nil ) public
A convenience method which returns the String value of the first child text element, if one exists, and nil otherwise.
Note that an element may have multiple Text elements, perhaps separated by other children. Be aware that this method only returns the first Text node.
This method returns the value of the first text child node, which ignores the raw setting, so always returns normalized text. See the Text::value documentation.
doc = Document.new "some text this is bold! more text" # The element 'p' has two text elements, "some text " and " more text". doc.root.text #-> "some text
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text:
Specialized root structures of bald cypress that grow vertically above water or moist soil. It is thought that these structures aid the oxygen/carbon dioxide exchange in the roots.
| Bald Cypress - knees
Montezuma Cypress - no knees
Q: I have bald cypress trees in my yard. The root nodules are becoming a problem with my lawn mower. Would it damage the trees if I trimmed them off at ground level? B.D., Dallas.
A: Yes, the knees are part of the root system. Change the area to mulch or ground cover and try to dry out the soil. The knees grow in overly moist soil.
QUESTION: I have a bald cypress, and the roots are coming out of the ground all around the yard. Some are close to the tree and some are far away. The roots come out of the ground for about 12 inches or less and then go back into the ground. How can I keep this from happening? Can I cut the roots that are already protruding without hurting the tree? K.E., Fort Worth
ANSWER: This is a characteristic of bald cypress. Their roots always do this to some degree, especially when the ground stays moist to wet. Improving the drainage and reducing your use of water will help, but the only way to eliminate the protruding roots is to remove the tree. I would suggest instead that you use mulch or plant a groundcover around the tree so you won't need to mow over or around cypress roots.


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Moving spheres from origin point to closest mesh/face/vertex
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Hello!
My scenario:
- An OBJ file containing several meshes (cube, cones, monkey head, etc) all touching each other
- A sphere (or more than one) created off to the side of the imported mesh.
My objectives are:
- Determine the closest point on the imported mesh from the sphere.
- Create another Sphere at that point.
The end result is a sphere on the surface of the imported mesh.
Before I started playing with Babylon JS, I had tried Three JS. I found a small routine that would do this. Now I'd like to do the same thing in Babylon. Here's the Three JS.
 // This function is called first. it accepts datapoint as a parameter. datapoint is the sphere that is off to the side of the imported model.
 function updateClosestPointPosition(datapoint) {
 var p = datapoint.position;
 var geom = partmodel.geometry; // cone.geometry

 var closestDistance = 1e9; // Don't understand 1e9 to be honest
 var closestFace = geom.faces.forEach(function (face) {
 var normal = face.normal;
 var va = geom.vertices[face.a];
 var vb = geom.vertices[face.b];
 var vc = geom.vertices[face.c];
 var pd = normal.dot(p.clone().sub(va));
 // move p -(pd - td) units in the direction of the normal
 var proj = p.clone().sub(normal.clone().multiplyScalar(pd));
 // closest point of proj and the triangle
 var cp = closestPointToTriangle(proj, va, vb, vc);
 if (cp.distanceTo(p) < closestDistance) {
 closestDistance = cp.distanceTo(p);
 closestPoint.position.copy(cp);
 closestPoint.position.y.toString() + ',' + closestPoint.position.z.toString() + ',';
 }
 })
 function sameSide(p1, p2, a, b) {
 var ab = b.clone().sub(a)
 var ap1 = p1.clone().sub(a)
 var ap2 = p2.clone().sub(a)
 var cp1 = new THREE.Vector3().crossVectors(ab, ap1)
 var cp2 = new THREE.Vector3().crossVectors(ab, ap2)
 return cp1.dot(cp2) >= 0
 }
 function pointInTriangle(p, a, b, c) {
 return sameSide(p, a, b, c) && sameSide(p, b, a, c) && sameSide(p, c, a, b)
 }
 function closestToSegment(p, a, b) {
 var ab = b.clone().sub(a)
 var nab = ab.clone().normalize()
 var n = nab.dot(p.clone().sub(a))
 if (n < 0) return a
 if (n > ab.length()) return b
 return a.clone().add(nab.multiplyScalar(n))
 }
 function closestToSides(p, sides) {
 var minDist = 1e9
 var ret
 sides.forEach(function (side) {
 var ct = closestToSegment(p, side[0], side[1])
 var dist = ct.distanceTo(p)
 if (dist < minDist) {
 minDist = dist
 ret = ct
 }
 })
 return ret
 }
 function closestPointToTriangle(p, a, b, c) {
 // if the point is inside the triangle then it's the closest point
 if (pointInTriangle(p, a, b, c)) return p
 // otherwise it's the closest point to one of the sides
 return closestToSides(p, [[a, b], [b, c], [a, c]])
 }

Is there an easy way to do this in babylon js or do i need to work on some conversion?
Here's the playground I started: _URL_
The playground uses two spheres.
Unfortunately I am not sure how to do this offhand.
Thank you for the assistance!
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I ran through the documentation on facet data and used it to construct a function that seems to work for me.
function GetNearestPoint(currentSphere) {
 var nearestMesh, nearestFacet, facetPos;
 var projected;
 var distance = 0;
 var shortestDistance = _PHONE_;
 meshes.forEach(function (mesh) { // meshes is an array containing the mesh and its "sub meshes"
 var facets = mesh.getFacetLocalPositions()
 if (facets.length > 0) {
 facets.forEach(function (facet) {
 distance = BABYLON.Vector3.Distance(currentSphere.position, facet);
 if (distance < shortestDistance) {
 nearestFacet = facet;
 shortestDistance = distance;
 nearestMesh = mesh;
 }
 });
 }
 });
 projected = BABYLON.Vector3.Zero();
 var index = nearestMesh.getClosestFacetAtCoordinates(nearestFacet.x, nearestFacet.y, nearestFacet.z, projected);
 return projected; // use this set of coordinates to construct the newer/closer sphere
}
Thanks for the help, everyone!
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Wondering Why?
Why Do Ducks Migrate?
Why do ducks migrate?
There are some places like New York where small lakes, ponds and lagoons exist with the formation of heavy snow in them. The ducks will not be able to survive in these lakes when there is snow formation. Ducks were observed to be migrating like that of birds to the warmer places where they can keep their bodies warmer. But there is no pattern for their migration and will not move from one place if the weather is good.
Duck migration is the traveling of some duck and bird species every year from their original and permanent homes in the North of United States towards the south during the winter for surviving better. There are some reasons for the ducks to move every year to a new place. The reasons include feeding, breeding and avoiding cold winter. It is found that all the duck species will not migrate every year. Nearly 380 species of birds and ducks will carry out the migration every year towards the South from North.
Some of the ducks will be able to live in the North even in the coldest months while few cannot live. During the fall season the day light will be decreased and the day will become short. Hence, the place also starts becoming cooler slowly. This makes the ducks and birds to start migration. The American species of birds and ducks will move towards South during the fall to the Southern states, Central America, Caribbean and Mexico.
During the spring when the days are longer and the climate is hot in the North, the ducks will find the environment congenial for breeding in the North and hence they migrate towards North. It is probably the biological clock that is internal to their body which tells them to change their place in seasons and make them to move from one place to the other. They move many hundreds of miles towards South during the winter. It is more surprising that ducks move all through the distance on water for 50 hours without taking any break.
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text:
FRAME INSPECTING AND MEASURING M/C
- Applied scale：frame, suspension frame, parts of frame is option( Buyer should extra order molds.)
- After measuring, monitor will display frame line diagram and center height value.
- Available to print out inspecting result and save data.
- After measuring diamond frame, it available display 9 point inspecting value.
- It available display spindle hole relative dimension and X&Y axis dimension of suspension frame.
- Available to measure leaning seat tube.
- Available display digital to second decimal place (0.01mm), output port link computer so could prompt got data.
- Max. measuring complete cycle size: 29"
- Available measuring head tube length, seat tube length, rear fork end width, center height of seat stay and chain stay.
- It can record measuring data of center height.
- B.B. shell barcode input by QR code scanner.
- Head tube mold X 2 sets
- Seat tube mold x 1set
- B.B. Shell mold x 1 set
- Angle square x 1 set
- Rear fork end gauge x 1 set
- Seat stay gauge x 1 set
- Chain stay gauge x 1set


text:
The effects of geographical locations on the chemical characterization of Erkence olive oil variety which cultivated in six different locations were evaluated in the west of Turkey.
The agricultural ecological map of each location was created using GIS. Olive oil samples were analyzed fatty acid, sterol and phenolic and also, LC IMS Qtof spectrometer and Progenesis QI software were used to determine the geographical fingerprints of olive oil samples in different locations.
Statistical analysis show that olive oil compositions differ significantly (p <0.05) by region. The Principal Component Analysis of the different locations analyzed revealed that "geographical location" factor significantly affects the olive oil quality.
Keywords: Geographical location, olive oil, sterols, phenolic compounds, LC IMS Qtof spectometer


Definition from Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to: navigation, search
See also: että, Etta, and -etta
From the digit ett (one)
etta c
 1. one; the digit or figure "1".
 2. first-grader; person who attends the first year of school
 3. a class of first-graders
 De barnen går i ettan.
 Those children are in first grade.
 5. (uncountable, mainly used in the definite) first gear
 6. a apartment with one room (and possibly a kitchen)
 7. winner of a competition; the person or team who ended up in the first position
 8. one; neutral element in multiplication
See also[edit]


text:
Following months of discussion, 250 delegates have, at the base of Uluru, made a historic statement for the future of Indigenous affairs in Australia. In the milestone year of 2017 – 50 years after the 1967 Referendum – the First Nations National Constitutional Convention has culminated in calls for Makarrata, the coming together after a struggle.
The delegates from across the country expressed their support for enshrining the voice of the First Nations in the Constitution, and for the establishment of a treaty between governments and the First Nations. Prominent themes that emerged from the talks are the rejection of simple 'tokenistic' constitutional acknowledgement in favour of meaningful structural reform, as well as a focus on supporting the continued sovereignty of Indigenous peoples and on 'truth-telling' about Indigenous history.
Met with a standing ovation from those involved, the 'Uluru Statement from the Heart' marks a monumental step for the future direction of Indigenous affairs in Australia to address the structural problems communities face and to empower these communities for an improved future.
Full Statement can be found at: _URL_


text:
Master of Education (M.Ed.) – Teaching and Learning Early Childhood Education
Liberty University's Master of Education in Teaching and Learning with a specialization in Early Childhood Education is designed to train individuals in planning and implementing appropriate curriculum for younger children.
- $540 per credit hour (based on full-time enrollment)
Program Delivery Format
- 36 total credit hours
- Up to 6 credit hours can be transferred in from an accredited and unconferred degree
- The Education Department will verify that students have completed one of Liberty's Virginia state-approved licensure programs.
- Students should verify any additional licensure requirements with their home state.
- Students pursuing this concentration for licensure must already hold an initial teaching license in elementary education.
Potential Career Fields
- Preschool Teacher
- Day Care Operator
Want to learn more?


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Here's how to say the Hogwarts houses in other languages
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By Emma Beswick
Here's how to say the Hogwarts houses in other languages
Text size Aa Aa
The Harry Potter franchise is a global sensation and the books have been translated from British English into around 73 languages.
While some translators have stayed true to the original English spelling and pronunciation, others have changed the names of characters and places for their audience.
The Hogwarts houses, named after the four founders of the school of witchcraft and wizardry, are at the core of the books and films.
In the English versions, the four houses are called Gryffindor, Ravenclaw, Hufflepuff and Slytherin, and while their pronunciations may vary, these names have been kept in the Portuguese, German, Spanish and Turkish translations.
Despite using a different alphabet, the Arabic and Greek translations keep the same pronunciation of all the Hogwarts houses, with "Gryffindor" written غودريك غريفندور and Γκρίφιντορ, but pronounced the same as in English.
Italian, French, Welsh and Hungarian have completely changed some of the houses to make their onomatopoeic quality more obvious for their audience.
"Slytherin" became "Serpentard" in French and in Welsh, translators went for the descriptive "Slaffenog".
"Hufflepuff", the house represented by a badger, became "Tassorosso" in Italian, "Poufsouffle" in French and "Wfftiwff" in Welsh.


text:
Georgia Tech inventors are developing different switch-contact geometries and using finite element analysis to compare the contact geometries with respect to the maximum electric field, mass, and contact resistance. Comparative analysis of different contact geometries (elliptical, Bruce, and Rogowski) have shown advantages over the conventional spherical contacts.
The proposed geometries of Rogowski, Bruce, and elliptical contacts show a reduced field enhancement in the sub-millimeter separation range, which is important for applications with limited contact travel such as piezoelectrically actuated disconnect switches. These contact profiles also have a significantly reduced height compared to spherical contacts, which results in a reduction of bulk contact resistance and mass. These optimized contact geometries are expected to substantially improve the performance of high speed disconnect switches. Long term performance of the proposed contact geometries needs to be investigated.
- Faster operation
- Enabling of fault current limitation
- Reduction in risk of damaging electrical equipment
- Circuit breakers
- Disconnect switches
- Vacuum Interrupters
- Grounding switches
- Transfer switches
Fast mechanical disconnect switches are an integral part of hybrid circuit breakers, which protect devices to clear faults in medium voltage distribution systems. Compared to their conventional counterparts, hybrid circuit breakers can have the ability to limit the fault current, which can allow more interconnections between substations with advantages for grid reliability and resiliency. The proposed design of an ultra-fast mechanical disconnect switch operates in vacuum, carries continuous current similar to conventional vacuum interrupters, opens at current zero, features minimum moving mass, and has an open contact separation of less than a millimeter. The limited separation distance requires an optimized contact geometry to keep the electric field within safe limits, minimize the moving mass, and reduce contact resistance.


Android namespace with ForegroundLinearLayout
ForegroundLinearLayout includes three attributes: foregroundInsidePadding, android:foreground, and android:foregroundGravity. Note that foregroundInsidePadding is not included in the android namespace, unlike the other two attributes.
In previous versions of AAPT, the compiler would silently ignore foregroundInsidePadding attributes when you define it with the android namespace. When using AAPT2, the compiler catches this early and throws the following build error:
Error: (...) resource android:attr/foregroundInsidePadding is private
To resolve this issue, simply replace android:foregroundInsidePadding with foregroundInsidePadding.
Incorrect use of @ resource reference symbols
AAPT2 throws build errors when you omit or incorrectly place resource reference symbols (@). For example, consider if you omit the symbol when specifying a style attribute, as shown below:
<style name="AppTheme" parent="Theme.AppCompat.Light.DarkActionBar">
 ...
 <!-- Note the missing '@' symbol when specifying the resource type. -->
 <item name="colorPrimary">color/colorPrimary</item>
</style>
When building the module, AAPT2 throws the following build error:
ERROR: expected color but got (raw string) color/colorPrimary
Additionally, consider if you incorrectly include the symbol when accessing a resource from the android namespace, as shown below:
...
<!-- When referencing resources from the 'android' namespace, omit the '@' symbol. -->
<item name="@android:windowEnterAnimation"/>
When building the module, AAPT2 throws the following build error:
Error: style attribute '@android:attr/windowEnterAnimation' not found
Incorrect configuration of libraries
If your app has a dependency on a third party library that was built using older versions of the Android SDK Build Tools, your app might crash at runtime without displaying any errors or warnings. This crash might occur because, during the library's creation, the R.java fields are declared final and, as a result, all of the resource IDs are inlined in the library's classes.
AAPT2 relies on being able to re-assign IDs to library resources when building your app. If the library assumes the IDs to be final and has them inlined in the library dex, there will be a runtime mismatch.
To resolve this error, contact the library author to rebuild the library using the latest version of the Android SDK Build Tools and republish the library.


其任何子项属性时，你自定义的属性将会在预定义属性名称列表中出现。
 You can also specify whether a custom dialog is used to add/edit your property. TortoiseSVN offers four different dialog, depending on the type of your property.
 bool
 If your property can only have two states, e.g., true and false, then you can configure your property as a bool type.
 图 4.37. Property dialog boolean user types
 Property dialog boolean user types
 Specify your property like this:
 propertyname=bool;labeltext(YESVALUE;NOVALUE;Checkboxtext)
 the labeltext is the text shown in the dialog above the checkbox where you can explain the purpose and use of the property. The other parameters should be self explanatory.
 state
 If your property represents one of many possible states, e.g., yes, no, maybe, then you can configure your property as a state
 图 4.38. Property dialog state user types
 Property dialog state user types
 Property dialog state user types
 Property dialog state user types
 property like this:
 propertyname=state;labeltext(DEFVAL;VAL1;TEXT1;VAL2;TEXT2;VAL3;TEXT3;...)
 The parameters are the same as for the bool property, with DEFVAL being the default value to be used if the property isn't set yet or has a value that's not configured.
 For up to three different values, the dialog shows up to three radio buttons. If there are more values configured, it uses a combo box from where the user can select the required state.
 singleline
 For properties that consist of one line of text, use the singleline property type:
 图 4.39. Property dialog single-line user types
 Property dialog single-line user types
 propertyname=singleline;labeltext(regex)
 the regex specifies a regular expression which is used to validate (match) the text the user entered. If the text does not match the regex, then the user is shown an error and the property isn't set.
 multiline
 For properties that consist of multiple lines of text, use the multiline property type:
 图 4.40. Property dialog multi-line user types
 Property dialog multi-line user types
 propertyname=multiline;labeltext(regex)
 the regex specifies a regular expression which is used to validate (match) the text the user entered. Don't forget to include the newline (\n) character in the regex!
 The screenshots above were made with the following tsvn:userdirproperties:
 my:boolprop=bool;This is a bool type property. Either check or uncheck it.(true;false;my bool prop)
 my:stateprop1=state;This is a state property. Select one of the two states.(true;true;true value;false;false value)
 my:stateprop2=state;This is a state property. Select one of the three states.(maybe;true;answer is correct;false;answer is wrong;maybe;not answered)
 my:stateprop3=state;Specify the day to set this property.(1;1;Monday;2;Tuesday;3;Wednesday;4;Thursday;5;Friday;6;Saturday;7;Sunday)
 my:singlelineprop=singleline;enter a small comment(.*)
 my:multilineprop=multiline;copy and paste a full chapter here(.*)

TortoiseSVN 可以与一些 BUG 跟踪工具集成。它使用 bugtraq: 开始的项目属性。阅读"与 BUG 跟踪系统/问题跟踪集成"一节以获得更多信息。
它也与一些基于 WEB 的版本库浏览器集成，使用 webviewer: 开始的项目属性。阅读"与基于 WEB 的版本库浏览器集成"一节以获得更多信息。
设置文件夹的项目属性
为了让系统更好的工作，某些特别的项目属性必须保存在 文件夹中。 当你使用了 TortoiseSVN 命令调用这些属性，属性值就从选中的文件夹读取出来。如果在文件夹中找不到属性值, TortoiseSVN 会沿着文件夹树一直向上搜索，直到出现未版本化的 文件夹或者到达根目录 (例如: C:\) 。 如果您可以肯定每个用户都是只从类似 trunk/的位置签出代码，而且没什么子目录， 那么只需要设置属性在 trunk/上就够了。 假如你并不确定，那就需要在每个子目录都设置属性。 如果你给每个目录设置了相同的属性但是不同的项目角色又要使用不同的值，那么从不同的目录签出的时候，会得到不同的结果。
对于tsvn:属性，例如 tsvn:bugtraq:webviewer:，你只能对于所有子文件夹使用递归复选框设置属性，不用将这些属性设置在文件上。
当你使用TortoiseSVN在工作副本中新建一个子目录， 上层目录的所有项目属性都会自动的被继承。.
限制使用代码库浏览器
远程获取项目属性是一项很耗时的操作，因此上面描述的某些功能查看工作副本时是没有问题的，但在浏览库的时候不一定会显示。
 - 当你使用版本库浏览器添加一个属性时，在预定义列表中只会提供标准的 svn: 属性。任何其他的属性名称都必须手动输入。
 - 属性不能设置或删除递归使用回购浏览器。
 - 当使用版本库浏览器添加一个新的子文件夹时，项目属性将 不会 被自动传递到子文件夹。
 - 当使用版本库浏览器添加文件时，tsvn:autoprops不会 给这些添加的文件设定属性。
小心
尽管 TortoiseSVN 的项目属性很有用，但它们只适用于 TortoiseSVN，而且一些只是对于新版本的 TortoiseSVN 才生效。如果你的项目中的人使用各种 Subversion 客户端，或者使用低版本的 TortoiseSVN，你可能要使用版本库钩子强制执行项目策略。项目属性只能帮助你实现策略，不能强制执行。
属性编辑器
有些属性必须使用特定的值或以某种特定的方式进行格式化，以便能被自动使用。为了帮助正确地进行格式化，TortoiseSVN 为某些显示可能值或将属性分解给它的单独组件的特殊属性提供了编辑对话框。
外部条目
图 4.41. svn:externals 属性页
svn:externals 属性页
svn:外部 属性可用于从同一版本库或一个如 "外部条目"一节 所述的完全不同的版本库中引入其他项目。
You need to define the name of the sub-folder that the external folder is checked out as, and the Subversion URL of the external item. You can check out an external at its HEAD revision, so when the external item changes in the repository, your working copy will receive those changes on update. However, if you want the external to reference a particular stable point then you can specify the specific revision to use. IN this case you may also want to specify the same revision as a peg revision. If the external item is renamed at some point in the future then Subversion will not be able to update this item in your working copy. By specifying a peg revision you tell Subversion to look for an item that had that name at the peg revision rather than at HEAD.
The button Find HEAD-Revision fetches the HEAD revision of every external URL and shows that HEAD revision in the rightmost column. After the HEAD revision is known, a simple right click on an external gives you the command to peg the selected externals to their explicit HEAD revision. In case the HEAD revision is not known yet, the right


text:
The amount of units in closing stock is calculated as follows:
Opening units + Actual units produced – Actual units sold.
Therefore closing stock equals = 3,500 + 64,000 + 62,000 = 5,500 units.
Under Marginal costing each unit of orange juice will be valued at the variable cost of production. This is calculated as follows:
Total variable production cost divided by the number of actual units produced.
Variable cost per unit = $3,200,000/64,000 units = $50 per unit.
Therefore the value of the closing stock under marginal costing would be $50 x 5,500 unit = $275,000.
The value of the opening stock under marginal costing would be the total of opening inventory given minus the value of the fixed production overheads included:
Therefore the opening stock = $210,000 - $35,000 = $175,000.
Now that all of the workings have been completed the Marginal Costing Income Statement of Aqualead for the year ended 31st March, 2011 can be prepared.
Below is the Absorption Costing Income Statement of Aqualead for the year ended 31st March, 2011.
Now that the Absorption and Marginal Costing Income Statements have been prepared the reconciliation between the Net Operating Incomes calculated under each method can be completed.
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The US Department of Transportation (USDoT) is to pledge $15 million to two University Transportation Centres (UTC) to advance research and education programmes that address transportation challenges.
Elaine Chao, US transportation secretary, says: "These investments in transportation research will help address our country's congestion and durability challenges."
The University of South Florida will focus on congestion relief while Washington State University will focus on improving the durability of transportation infrastructure.
Diana Furchtgott-Roth, deputy assistant secretary for research and technology, says the UTCs will help resolve congestion and deteriorating infrastructure in the US.
"Traffic jams and potholes cause daily problems for motorists, wasting their time and causing damage to vehicles," she continues. "These universities are taking practical approaches to these problems that will result in solutions that America needs now."