text:
Traffic studies in Iowa
Recently, Shauna Hallmark, transportation engineer, has been working on three Iowa traffic safety studies sponsored by the Iowa DOT. Tom McDonald, safety circuit rider, collaborated with her on two projects.
Milled-in rumble strips soon be painted over with edge line striping resulting in a "rumble stripe."
Edge line paint can lose its visibility after several months of service. Hallmark and McDonald are evaluating whether edge lines painted over rumble strips, otherwise known as rumble stripes, will improve edge line paint durability and visibility.
Rumble stripes have been installed on six county road sites as part of a research project that seeks to reduce the incidence and severity of run-off-road crashes. Test sites were chosen based on the Iowa DOT's list of the top 5 percent of road sections with run-off-road crashes from 2001–2006. Evaluations are taking place on local roads in several Iowa counties. Most test sections are on horizontal curves. Since most county roads do not have paved shoulders, the narrow rumble stripes will be installed along the pavement edge.
Along with the Iowa DOT, the project is sponsored by the Iowa Highway Research Board and FHWA.
"We're mainly looking for increased visibility of the paint line," says McDonald. "Increased noise or vibration from the rumble strip is a side benefit." During the first year after installation, the team will investigate the following:
- Wet weather visibility of rumble stripes versus traditional edge line painting
- Long-term durability of the painted edge line
- Driver travel distance from the edge line before and after installation of rumble stripes
An additional period of at least five years will be necessary to collect and analyze crash data valid for comparison with data collected before the installation of the rumble stripes.
Low-cost traffic calming techniques
The main street through many small rural Iowa communities is a state or county highway with high speeds outside the city limits and a reduced speed section through the rural community. Consequently, drivers passing through the community often enter at high speeds and then maintain those speeds throughout.
When speeds in rural communities are problematic, traffic calming provides a potential solution. Traffic-calming measures are generally used in larger urban areas, and their effectiveness in small communities is unknown.
- two gateway treatments in Union and Roland, Iowa, and
- five single-measure treatments (speed table, on-pavement "SLOW" markings, driver speed feedback sign, tubular markers, and on-pavement entrance treatment) in Gilbert, Slater, and Dexter, Iowa.
Data were analyzed 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after the measures were installed.
Successful speed table in Gilbert, Iowa
- In Gilbert, a speed table was successful in decreasing speeds both immediately upstream and downstream of the speed table.
- In Union, the transverse markings appeared to be moderately effective in decreasing vehicle speeds directly downstream of the markings for all three locations, although none of the differences were large. The lane narrowing did not appear to be effective. Once the speed feedback signs were installed, significant speed decreases resulted.
- In Dexter, a "35 mph," on-street pavement marking and an 8-in. edgeline were installed. The treatments were effective in reducing speeds at all three of the locations where they were tested. The effectiveness varied over time. Nine months after installation, the effectiveness of the treatments appeared to decrease, most likely due to the fact that the markings had faded over time. The treatments were re-painted, and the effectiveness increased again at the 12-month data collection period.
- In Roland, the gateway entrance treatments, which consisted of converging chevrons and a "25 mph" on-street pavement marking, were reasonably effective. Speeds decreased at all of the data-collection locations, and decreases remained constant over the year-long data collection period.
- In Slater, results indicate that the longitudinal channelizers used to form a center island for the southern section of R-38 reduced speeds significantly. The driver speed feedback sign was also found to be effective in reducing speeds. Use of the on-pavement "SLOW" markings did not appear to be effective.
In many cases, even the most effective treatments only reduced mean and 85th percentile speeds by a modest amount. Their true effectiveness is their ability to significantly reduce the number of vehicles traveling over the speed limit.
For more information, visit _URL_
Front view of a red light running camera
Automatic red light running enforcement
A statewide analysis of red light running (RLR) crashes, using crash data from 2001 to 2006, indicates that an average of 1,682 red light running crashes occur at signalized intersections every year. As a result, red light running poses a significant safety issue for communities.
In Iowa, three communities have used camera enforcement.
Results of the research indicate that RLR cameras were very successful in reducing crashes related to red light running in Davenport and Council Bluffs.
- In Davenport, a 40 percent reduction in RLR crashes was found.
- In Council Bluffs, a 90 percent reduction was found. Total crashes also decreased at intersections with RLR camera enforcement.
Reductions in total crashes of 20 percent and 44 percent were found in Davenport and Council Bluffs, respectively.
The reduction in RLR violations was evaluated for Clive. However, a crash analysis could not be conducted since there was less than one year of crash data. The number of RLR violations for intersections with no RLR cameras was compared against RLR violations at camera-enforced intersections. Results of a statistical analysis indicate that on average, RLR violations were 25 times higher in locations without cameras than with cameras.
For more information, visit _URL_


text:
CAB offers school cost tips
A new change on the issue of school costs has been introduced in Northern Ireland which may help to ease the pressure of school costs for some working families, the Citizen Advice Bureau (CAB) has said.
School uniform grants and free school meals have been available for parents on certain benefits for some years now.
However, this school year the criteria for these have been widened to include some parents who are in receipt of Working Tax Credit (WTC).
Parents who are receiving WTC are eligible for free school meals and uniform grants if their yearly taxable income is £16,190 or less.
These new rules will only initially apply to children who were born on or after July 2, 2002, therefore children over eight years of age will not be eligible this school year.
Citizens Advice has published a free fact sheet on help with school costs which available online at _URL_

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text: MF radar is an important instrument for measuring the wind field of the mesosphere and electron density of the lower ionosphere. The principle, configuration and working mode of a new MF radar in Kunming is presented firstly. Then, its observation data are preliminary analysed. The observation in January 2009 shows the certain fluctuation character of the horizontal wind with the largest zonal velocity of 80 m/s and meridional velocity of 40 m/s. The data in this month are studied by using Lomb-Scargle periodogram and harmonic fitting method. It indicates that the diurnal tide is the major perturbance component of the wind field in the height between 80~100 km. The amplitudes of the zonal and meridional tides change with height, and the phases propagating downward. It is also shown that the phase of the meridional tide is ahead of the zonal one. The comparison between the observed electron density on daytime and IRI2000 value indicates that both the variations versus height are agree well with each other, though sometimes the former is smaller.


text:
Where Pueblo's Heritage Comes Alive
The Pueblo Heritage Museum is located in the historic Denver and Rio Grande Western Freight Station Building
The Pueblo Heritage Museum seeks to preserve, promote, and interpret the heritage of Southeastern Colorado and the plurality of its peoples.
Come visit the museum Tuesday – Saturday
10am to 4pm
The Pueblo Heritage Center exhibits are sponsored by Member Organizations who come together to tell Pueblo's rich historic history.
The Edward Broadhead Library is staffed by volunteers from the Pueblo County Historical Society located on the second floor.


text:
August 7, 1987 – Lynne Cox becomes the first person to swim from the USA to the Soviet Union
Today in History-
- 1987 – Lynne Cox becomes first person to swim from the United States to the Soviet Union, crossing the Bering Strait from Little Diomede Island in Alaska to Big Diomede in the Soviet Union. Courtesy of Wikipedia.
Lynne Cox (born 1957 in Boston, Massachusetts) is an American long-distance open-water swimmer, writer and speaker. She is best known for being the first person to swim between the United States and the Soviet Union, in the Bering Strait, a feat which has been recognized for easing the Cold War tensions between US President Ronald Reagan and Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev.
In 1971, she and her teammates were the first group of teenagers to complete the crossing of the Catalina Island Channel in California. She has twice held the record for the fastest crossing of the English Channel from England to France (1972 in a time of 9 hours 57 minutes and 1973 in a time of 9 hours 36 minutes). In 1975, Cox became the first woman to swim the 10 °C (50 °F), 16 km (10 mi) Cook Straitin New Zealand. In 1976, she was the first person to swim the Straits of Magellan in Chile, and the first to swim around the Cape of Good Hope in South Africa.
Cox is perhaps best known for swimming 2 hour 5 minutes in the Bering Strait on 7 August 1987, from the island of Little Diomede in Alaska to Big Diomede, then part of the Soviet Union, where the water temperature averaged around 43 to 44 °F (6 to 7 °C). At the time people living on the Diomede Islands, only 3.7 km (2.3 mi) apart, were not permitted to travel between them, although the Inuit communities there had been closely linked until the natives of Big Diomede were moved to the Russian mainland after World War II. Her accomplishment a few years before the end of the Cold War earned praise from both US President Ronald Reagan and Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev.
At the signing of the INF Missile Treaty at the White House, Gorbachev made a toast. He and President Reagan lifted their glasses and Gorbachev said: "Last summer it took one brave American by the name of Lynne Cox just two hours to swim from one of our countries to the other. We saw on television how sincere and friendly the meeting was between our people and the Americans when she stepped onto the Soviet shore. She proved by her courage how close to each other our peoples live."

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


I have a program that waits for the user to enter a string input, how can I enter that string input while debugging my program with IDA?
You can use I/O redirection operators in the Process options-Parameters field:
The standard input/output/error channels can be redirected using the bash shell notations. for example: >output 2>&1
I have found the answer after hours of searching, it is really sad that such a great tool doesn't have this option easily enabled. anyway, you have to lunch the IDA from the terminal but you have to add
"cat |"
before it. For me, it was like this
cat |./ida64
and then when the program waits for the user's input, you have to go back to the terminal and supply it there.
If you want to add a file as an input you can do this
cat myfile |./ida64
If you know any better solution please post it here.
 - You may as well use yes then. If this above method worked you may also want to check out expect and its variants (such as pexpect). – 0xC0000022L Jul 3 '19 at 21:52
Your Answer


text:
Intra-National versus International Trade: How Stubborn are Nations in Global Integration?
This paper examines the home country bias in the goods market among OECD countries. An average country imports about two and a half times as much from itself as from an otherwise identical foreign country, after controlling for sizes of exporter and importer, their direct distance, geographic positions relative to the rest of the world and a possible linguistic tie. If one believes that the substitutability among goods produced in OECD countries is high, as it seems reasonable, the observed bias implies relatively small nontariff barriers. Over 1982-94, the home bias of OECD countries as a whole exhibited a slow but steady decline. The bias in a typical member country of the European Community relative to its imports from other member countries showed a fifty percent decline during the period.
Document Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3386/w5531
Users who downloaded this paper also downloaded these:


text:
From the beginning of 2018, Sea Port of Saint-Petersburg JSC (SP SPb) has allocated more than RUB 31 million for environment protection (+27%, year-on-year).
The Company's investments into modernization and maintenance of environmental facilities have been increased by 21%, year-on-year. This year, the port has automated its sewage network, upgraded certain sections of sewer line and installed metering stations at some wastewater outlets.
SP SPb has increased its expenses for environment protection measures by 24%. In particular, it allocated more resources for monitoring of compliance with air quality standards and increased the frequency of measuring air samples taken at the border of the sanitary protection zone.
Besides, a package of measures has been undertaken to protect the Gulf of Finland waters including regular control of the coastal zone and treatment of wastewater.


text:
Apply for a Determination Letter - Quality Assurance Review
The role of the Quality Assurance Staff (QAS) is to measure the quality of work done on Employee Plans determination cases. They perform a quality assurance review to ensure that consistency and quality are maintained in the determination letter application review and development process. The QAS consists of a manager and a centralized determination letter application review team.
General review process
After all necessary additional information is secured by a technical screener or specialist, a determination letter is prepared and the case is submitted to the group manager. However, a case may be returned to the specialist if further development is warranted. If no further development is needed, the group manager then approves the case for closing.
All cases approved by a group manager for closing are subject to a random sampling or mandatory quality assurance review by QAS before the determination letter is issued.
Once a case is received by the QAS, an assignment letter is issued to the plan sponsor (and a copy is sent to the person with Power of Attorney) providing the reviewer's name and phone number.
If the QAS discovers additional issues after reviewing the case, they may return the case to the specialist to resolve the issues before issuing a determination letter. This may delay the case closing process. Otherwise once the QAS' review of the plan is complete, and all issues have been addressed and resolved, they will issue a determination letter for the plan.
The following cases are subject to a mandatory quality assurance review:
- Foreign plans
- Proposed adverse determination letters
- Termination cases with reversions of more than $5,000,000
- Termination cases with over 1,000 participants
- Technical advice requests
- Cases in which interested party comments are received
Appeals and withdrawal
If certain requirements are not satisfied, the IRS may propose an adverse or unfavorable determination letter. If an adverse or unfavorable determination letter is proposed, the submitter's options are:
- Appeals - The appeals process is available when the IRS and the taxpayer cannot resolve issues and the IRS proposes an adverse determination letter. See:
- Technical Advice - A technical advice request is a request for guidance about a procedural or technical issue. The IRS provides a response in the form of a memorandum to the individual taxpayer. Technical advice requests help IRS personnel resolve complex issues and help establish and maintain consistent holdings throughout the IRS.
Generally, the IRS will determine when a taxpayer should request technical advice, but the taxpayer may also request that an issue be forwarded for technical advice. A request for technical advice is encouraged on any technical or procedural questions that cannot be resolved on the basis of law, regulations, or a clearly applicable revenue ruling or other published precedent.
Some determination letter requests involve issues that are subject to mandatory technical advice. These issues are listed in the annual revenue procedure covering technical advice:
- Revenue Procedure 2014-5, Technical Advice
- Withdrawal - The applicant's request for a determination letter may be withdrawn by a written request at any time prior to the issuance of a final adverse letter. Withdrawal of the application will not result in an adverse letter. However, user fees are non-refundable. Also, an information referral may be made to EP Examinations to consider an audit of the plan.
- Determination, Opinion and Advisory Letters
- Apply for a Determination Letter - Individually Designed Plans
- Determination Letter Review Process
- EP Quality Assurance Bulletins


text:
from Wiktionary, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License
- n. the state of an atom having a particular oxidation number
from WordNet 3.0 Copyright 2006 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.
- n. the degree of oxidation of an atom or ion or molecule; for simple atoms or ions the oxidation number is equal to the ionic charge
Sorry, no etymologies found.
Sorry, no example sentences found.
Wordnik is becoming a not-for-profit! Read our announcement here.


How Do I Pull A Call Recording From Stages?
Follow these steps to learn how to pull recordings from the calls made on your accounts. You can use them to audit service quality and ensure your customers are being taken care of.
 1. To pull a call recording, first log into the Stages portal here:
2. Once you have logged into Stages, The first step to pulling a call recording is to open the site data screen for the account under "Site," in the main menu.
3. After opening the data screen window, click on the triangular "play" button at the top right of the account's history section.
4. To filter the results, you can enter the date of the signal you are looking for before pressing the play button.
5. Once you found the recording you are looking for, simply press the "speaker" button at the left of the event.


Show ungrouped Address Book contacts
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If you use groups in Address Book, you know that you can sort your contacts any way you want. To create a group, select File -> New Group. Groups are like iTunes' playlists; just select a bunch of contacts, then drag them on the group's name to add them.
But you may want to find contacts that are not in a specific group, say to create a group to sync to your cellphone, or to find contacts that have or don't have certain types of information.
Let's use an example of one group called Phone, with the contacts that you sync to your cellphone. Say you want to find all the contacts who are not in that group, and put them in a group called Not Phone. This involves a little trick when you select items in Address Book. Here's how it works:
 1. Create an empty group named Not Phone.
 2. Select all of your contacts and add them to this group.
 3. Click on the Phone group and select all of its contacts. (They may already be selected).
 4. Click on the Not Phone group. You should notice that only the members of the Phone group are selected!
 5. Press Tab once to switch focus to the Name column.
 6. Hit Delete, then click the Remove from Group button in order to remove them from the group.
At this point, you have a group called Not Phone which includes only the contacts who are not in the Phone group. It should be relatively easy to extend this to other combinations. For instance, to create a group of Miscellaneous contacts, create a new group, then remove anyone from the Friends, Family, and Work groups. Or, to make a list of your work friends, make a group called not Work and subtract them from the Friends group.
You can also use smart groups, then find contacts that are not in these groups. For example, to find all your contacts that don't have phone numbers, create a smart group where Phone Is Set. This criteria simply means that the phone number field is not empty. Then create a regular group and call it, say, No Phone Number. Perform the above steps, adding all your contacts to the No Phone Number group, selecting all those in the Phone Is Set group, then switching and deleting those who have phone numbers.
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Roche Abbey
To see Roche Abbey in Superzoom click the link below
Unusual in that the site was gifted to the Cistercian order by two benefactors, Roche was one of the first abbey churches to be built completely in the new Perpendicular Gothic style, and was said to be astonishingly beautiful.
Founded in 1147 building in stone probably began around 30 years later from the adjacent magnesium limestone which was of very fine quality. Indeed Roche stone was so highly prized it was used in the construction of Winsdsor Casle.
Situated over Maltby Beck between the former great forests of Sherwood and Barnsdale the monastry was close to the castles of Tickhill and Conisbrough in what is now South Yorkshire. There is a legend that Robin Hood came to Roche for mass, and indeed the abbey is central to the area recorded in the very early ballards.
The house was originally colonised by monks from Newminster Abbey in Northumberland, which itself was the daughter house of Fountains Abbey, near Ripon, so Roche was itself affiliated to Fountains. The abbey never developed extensive holdings but still played a role in important national affairs.
Surrendered in 1538 during the Dissolution of the Monasteries it was pilaged and ransacked by the local population before it could be dismantled by the King's commissionaries.


text:
Q: How do I cook with bantam eggs?
A: The eggs of bantam chickens are smaller than the eggs we're used to seeing in the grocery store. Just how small? Of course, it really depends on the hen. For instance, the eggs of Sebright bantams and Belgian bantams, are SUPER tiny, but the eggs of Silkie bantams are simply small. So all bantam eggs are not equivalent, the same way some large fowl breeds lay jumbo eggs, while others lay medium eggs.
Here are the size classifications for eggs:
1 jumbo egg - 2.50 ounces
1 extra-large egg - 2.25 ounces
1 large egg - 2 ounces
1 medium egg - 1.75 ounces
1 small egg - 1.50 ounces
Depending on the bantam, her eggs may be in the small range, or she may lay eggs that are tiny, 1 to 1.25 ounces or even smaller. When a recipe calls for an egg without giving a specific size (as most do), it is calling for a large egg (2 ounces or so). So, if you have a kitchen or egg scale and can weigh your eggs, you will be able to determine exactly how many of your smaller eggs you need to use in a recipe calling for large eggs. If you don't have a kitchen scale, you will simply have to estimate.
Keep in mind that there is usually a higher yolk-to-white ratio in bantam eggs, so when baking you may still see some variation in your results.


text:
Types & Challenges
Two main types of ethnography
For non-participant observation, the researcher tries to observe the subjects from distance without interaction, trying not to influence the social behaviour of the subjects.
For participant observation, the researcher builds direct relationship with the subjects by staying in the field, observing and describing the behaviour of the subjects. S/he even participates in daily activities of the subjects to make sense of the meanings embedded in the social practices of the subjects in a specific cultural context.
Challenges of involvement and detachment
Continuous involvement and detachment from the field could be challenging to researchers because:
- They need to observe closely on the social life of their subjects as social actors;
- They also need to stand back and interpret the data collected as social scientists
It is not easy to strike a balance between these two roles (Gobo, 2008).
Therefore, researchers need to be self-reflective by constantly reflecting on what they have observed and participated in by making notes and asking questions to prevent themselves from completely immersed in the field of study (Duranti, 1993).


Classify text using bayesian classifiers
 - Tags : text, bayes, classification, ai
 - Latest : 0.4
 - Last Updated: 23 August 2010
 - Grails version : 1.3.4 > *
 - Authors : Philip Stehlik
1 vote
Dependency :
compile ":bayes:0.4"
Documentation
Summary
Description
Intro
The bayes grails plugin provides services and data model to classify arbitrary text using bayes classifiers.
The plugin brings very easy to use text classification via bayes classifiers to Grails. By default the plugin runs with a simple set up that contains one classifier for all trained text but allows to configure multiple classifiers, word listers (stemmers) by a grouping key. It uses ci-bayes under the hood. ci-bayes allows using different implementation of classifiers (the algorithms on which the classification is based) and word listers (splitting up text into single parts that are the building blocks for the data collection for the classification). The plugin uses the FisherClassifierImpl as the default classifier and the SimpleWordLister as the default word lister.
Installation
Install as any plugin with
grails install-plugin bayes
Usage
The simplified usage of the plugin is by working with the pre-configured classifer using a default word-lister. You can use the plugin via the bayesClassifierService.
class MyController {
 def bayesClassifierService
 /**
 * Trains 'someText' to be of 'someCategory'
 */
 def train = {
 bayesClassifierService.train(params.someText, params.someCategory)
 }
/** * Determine the classification of 'someText' */ def classifyText = { def classification = bayesClassifierService.classifyText(params.someText) ['classification':classification] } }


text:
Check Balance selects nested expressions (for example, parenthesized) outward from the insertion point.
To select a nested expression, select anywhere within the expression by clicking. Choose Check Balance, and click to expand the selection out to the next set of enclosed parentheses, brackets, or braces.
Each time you choose Check Balance, Mathematica expands the selection in both directions until it finds pairs of matching parentheses, brackets, or braces. Repeating the command expands the selection one level at a time.
You can use the Check Balance command to check the structure of mathematical expressions. For example, if you have unbalanced parentheses or parentheses incorrectly balanced with brackets or braces, Mathematica beeps. Choose Help ► Why the Beep? to identify the mistake. If you position the insertion point inside a bracketed expression and choose Check Balance, Mathematica should select the whole expression. If not, you have a missing bracket somewhere.
Mathematica cannot balance a selection that spans more than one cell.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


there will be or who the actual recipients are, so we will not be collecting any recipient statistics from these events. The events with an eventid of RECEIVE and a source of STOREDRIVER represent a user who is composing and sending a unique email, so we will gather the counts of unique emails sent internally and externally from here. By comparing the domain part of the recipient's address to the list of accepted domains, the script will determine whether to increment the internal counters, external counters, or both counters for unique messages and bytes sent. We will also accumulate the total external messages and bytes sent in this portion of the script. Because addresses are external, they will not show up in the DELIVER or STOREDRIVER events (as previously discussed). This portion of the script is shown here.
if ($_.eventid -eq "RECEIVE" -and $_.source -eq "STOREDRIVER"){
 $exch_addrs[$_.sender] ++
 $unique_msgsent[$_.sender] ++
 $unique_bytessent[$_.sender] += $_.totalbytes

 $recpt_domains = $_.recipients |% {$_.split("@")[1]}

 if ($recpt_domains |? {$accepted_domains -contains $_}){


text:
One Island, Many Stories Speaker Series: Fishing
October 21 @ 4:00 pm - 5:00 pm
The history of Martha's Vineyard has unfolded over thousands of years, across hundreds of square miles of land and sea, and in dozens of communities across the Island. It is not a single story, but many interwoven stories.
Inspired by the MVM's exhibition One Island, Many Stories, each episode of this monthly virtual program will feature Research Librarian Bow Van Riper in conversation with a different member of our Island community whose work engages with one of the exhibition's themes: escaping, changing, voyaging, belonging, creating, fishing, and farming. This live and lively discussion series will explore how the Island's past shapes its inhabitants' present-day lives and how understanding that continuity (and change) might help us navigate the future of our Island.
Five miles distant and a world apart from the mainland, Martha's Since the ancestors of the Wampanoag first settled Noepe, the Island's "great waters"—its ponds, inlets, and surrounding seas—have sustained those who call it home. Fish and shellfish have been staples of Islanders' diets, but also of the Island's economy. Cod and mackerel, swordfish and herring, quahogs and scallops provided food for Island tables and, when sold to mainland dealers as far away as Boston and New York, put money in Island pockets. Once thought to be inexhaustible, the bounty of the sea has proved to be both finite and fragile, and Vineyarders are now at the forefront of efforts to craft a sustainable future for both fish and fishermen. Join MVM research librarian Bow Van Riper in a conversation with Shelley Edmundson, executive director of the Martha's Vineyard Fishermen's Preservation Trust, in a conversation around the theme of "fishing."
MVM Members $5; Non-Members $7. Click here to register for this virtual program.


Altova MapForce 2023 Professional Edition
Returns the position of the first occurrence of substr within string. By default, the function starts the search from the first character, which has position (index) 1, but you can optionally specify a specific starting index. If substr cannot be found, then the function returns 0.
mf-func-find-substring

Languages
Built-in, C++, C#, Java.

Parameters
Name
Type
Description
string
xs:string
The input string.
substr
xs:string
The sub-string to search for.
startindex
xs:int
Optional. Specifies the starting position (index) of the search. If this parameter is not specified, the search starts at position 1.

Example
The following mapping outputs 3, which is the position of the first occurrence of the pipe character in the input string id|name|email.
mf-func-find-substring-example
If you specify 4 as starting index, then the function starts searching from the fourth character. Consequently, the mapping below outputs 8, which is the first occurrence of the pipe character after searching from the fourth character onwards.
mf-func-find-substring-example2
© 2016-2022 Altova GmbH


text:
On behalf of the Congress Organizing Committee it is our great pleasure to invite you to the fifth edition of the EUROBIOTECH 2013 Congress. The subject of the congress is this time dedicated to broader issues of life sciences with a special focus on "white" and"green" biotechnology.
The crucial issue that will be discussed is the innovation in science and the problem of overcoming the barriers in transferring the scientific knowledge into practical applications.
Congress is co-organized by Agricultural University in Krakow, Jagiellonian University (Faculty of BBB, and Collegium Medicum), Polish Federation of Biotechnology, Biotechnology Committee of Polish Academy of Sciences, Małopolska Center of Biotechnology and Targi w Krakowie Ltd.
Leading scientists in their fields will be invited to give most updated lectures on respective topics. Apart from Polish participants, we expect scientists and students from other countries, especially from Central Europe. The accompanying exhibition will gather companies from different sectors of biotechnology, creating an opportunity to exchange ideas and to establish cooperation between business and science.
Biotechnology is the science of the future. Therefore, let's meet in Kraków – where tradition unites with modernity and where, in historic academic interiors, the most innovative scientific ideas are developed.


Documentation Center
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root object
The root is a graphics object that corresponds to the computer screen. There is only one root object and it has no parent. The children of the root object are figures.
The root object exists when you start MATLAB®; you never have to create it and you cannot destroy it. Use set and get to access the root properties.
Object Hierarchy
See Also
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Remove specified figure
close name
close all
close all hidden
close all force
status = close(...)
close deletes the current figure or the specified figure(s). It optionally returns the status of the close operation.
close deletes the current figure (equivalent to close(gcf)).
close(h) deletes the figure identified by h. If h is an array, close deletes all figures identified by h. h can also be the figure Number.
close name deletes the figure with the specified name.
close all deletes all figures whose handles are not hidden.
close all hidden deletes all figures including those with hidden handles.
close all force deletes all figures, including GUIs for which CloseRequestFcn has been altered to not close the window.
status = close(...) returns 1 if the specified windows have been deleted and 0 otherwise.
More About
expand all
The close function works by evaluating the specified figure's CloseRequestFcn property with the statement
The default CloseRequestFcn, closereq, deletes the current figure using delete(get(groot,'CurrentFigure')). If you specify an array of figure handles, close executes each figure's CloseRequestFcn in turn. If an error that terminates the execution of a CloseRequestFcn occurs, the figure is not deleted. Note that using your computer's window manager (i.e., the Close menu item) also calls the figure's CloseRequestFcn.
If a figure's handle is hidden (i.e., the figure's HandleVisibility property is set to callback or off and the root ShowHiddenHandles property is set to on), you must specify the hidden option when trying to access a figure using the all option.
To delete all figures unconditionally, use the statements
c = get(groot,'Children');
The figure CloseRequestFcn allows you to either delay or abort the closing of a figure once the close function has been issued. For example, you can display a dialog box to see if the user really wants to delete the figure or save and clean up before closing.
When coding a CloseRequestFcn callback, make sure that it does not call close, because this sets up a recursion that results in a MATLAB® warning. Instead, the callback should destroy the figure with delete. The delete function does not execute the figure's CloseRequestFcn; it deletes the specified figure.
See Also
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text:
9th edition of Young Astronomer Talent Search (YATS) will be held in next month in Bhubaneswar to nourish the minds and imagination of young talents of Odisha to explore the mysteries of earth and universe. YATS is organised by Pathani Samant Planetarium, Bhubaneswar in collaboration with Tata Steel this competition, conducted in three stages, is open for high school students of the state. Out of the participants 20 school children will get a chance to visit NASA.
The theme of the 9th edition of Young Astronomer Talent Search is 'Building up a base on Mars'.
The first zonal round of YATS started in Berhampur.
The main objective of Young Astronomer Talent Search is to find young astronomers of the state and provide them scope to dream more and also to popularise the life and contributions of Samanta Chandrasekhar popularly known as Pathani Samanta.
For more updates about odisha please visit moodisha and like us on our facebook page _URL_


How Much Weight Can A Wheelchair Hold?
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Wheelchairs are designed to be lightweight and easy to use. They are also designed to hold up to 250 pounds or more.
Some considerations need to be taken into account before getting a wheelchair, such as the design, materials, and size/weight of the person who would be using the chair.
What Is the Max Weight Capacity Of A Wheelchair?
Wheelchairs come in many different weights and sizes, which can vary according to what they're being used for. Most wheelchairs can easily support a weight of 300 lbs.
The maximum allowed weight of a wheelchair varies by type. There are three different models of wheelchairs: basic, lightweight, and heavy-duty wheelchairs.
Basic wheelchairs, also called transport wheelchairs, are commonly used in hospitals and airports. These specialized wheelchairs can support weight limits of 180 – 250 lbs.
Lightweight wheelchairs are the standard everyday wheelchair that is great for indoor and outdoor use. They can support users weighing anything under 300lbs.
Heavy-duty wheelchairs or bariatric wheelchairs are wheelchairs that can accommodate users weighing over 400 lbs. These dedicated wheelchairs can support more than 700 lbs and are strong enough to accommodate users of all weights and sizes.
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Best Heavy-Duty Wheelchairs
Wheelchair tires are a necessity for those with mobility problems. The ideal tire will be durable enough to handle a person's weight and have a large, treaded surface to provide the best traction on uneven surfaces. If you're in the market for a set of wheelchair tires, here are some of the best ones:
Best Manual Heavy-Duty Wheelchair
ALCO 20″ Heavy Duty Chrome Wheelchair
$199.95 ($0.45 / oz)
The ALCO 20″ Heavy Duty Chrome Wheelchair is a manual wheelchair that comes with a chrome-plated steel frame. It has swing-away and detachable footrests, and it also comes with heel loops and calf straps for the user's comfort.
The chair's frame is made from a high-strength chrome steel material that is strong and durable enough to support busty users. It's also double cross-braced around the sides, which further improves the strength and durability of the chair. This wheelchair weighs about 42 pounds and measures 20 inches by 14 inches. The seat is 18 inches deep by 16 inches wide, while the seat height is 21 to 22 inches from the floor. It supports up to 250 pounds of weight.
The ALCO Heavy Duty Chrome Wheelchair is a dual axle reinforced chrome-plated steel wheelchair. The heavy-duty 500 lbs. weight capacity chrome wheelchair has been designed to be more durable than even your standard chrome wheelchairs.
This heavy-duty model provides users with maximum comfort since it features padded armrests, a dual axle position, and a detachable footrest. With these features, you can easily adjust the seat height to your desired level for maximum comfort.
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02/19/2024 06:20 pm GMT
Best Durable and Adjustable
Invacare Tracer SX5 Wheelchair for Adults
$299.99
Experience customizable comfort and lasting performance with the Invacare Tracer SX5 Wheelchair for Adults. Featuring adjustable components and a strong, lightweight steel frame, the SX5 provides stable, tailored support for everyday use. Its low-maintenance design and easy-to-clean upholstery ensure that this chair remains a reliable mobility aid for years to come.
Rating:
4.1
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02/19/2024 06:01 pm GMT
Karman Healthcare VIP-515-TP-18 Foldable Tilt in Space Space Reclining Transport Wheelchair
$1,619.00
Elevate your comfort and mobility with the advanced Karman Healthcare VIP515 Tilt-in-Space Wheelchair. Experience the health benefits of the unique tilting mechanism while enjoying the easy transportability of its lightweight, foldable frame. Premium pressure management and hygiene-focused design make the VIP515 a choice for those seeking a top-tier mobility solution.
Rating:
4.4
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02/19/2024 06:33 pm GMT
Factors That Affect Weight Capacity of a Wheelchair
Wheelchairs are not built with the same weight capacity in mind. Various factors affect how much weight the wheelchair will hold. If you are interested in purchasing an even heavier wheelchair, you must know if your wheelchair can take on even more weight.
Many factors affect the weight capacity of a wheelchair, but here are some of the major ones we found.
1. User's Weight And Build
A person's height and weight are two significant factors that can affect the weight capacity of their wheelchair. People with a light build will be able to use a wheelchair with less resistance than people with a heavier build.
Adding weight to a wheelchair will increase its center of gravity and reduce its ability to drive on hard surfaces, especially on uneven ground: the lower the user's weight, the more accessible the wheelchair to control or maneuver.
If you are considering buying a bariatric wheelchair, the size and weight capacity limitations set by the manufacturer is a serious factor to consider before making your purchase.
2. Type Of Terrain The Wheelchair Will Be Used On (Indoors Or Outdoors)
When choosing a wheelchair, factors to consider include the terrain you plan to travel on, the manufacturer's recommendations, and any safety features built into the wheelchair.
If you use a chair to get around, it's essential to consider whether the chair will be used in an outdoor environment or indoors.
Outdoor wheelchairs are built to manage more weight in uneven terrains and rugged surfaces. They also have a more robust aluminum frame, making them more durable than transport and basic wheelchairs.
Most bariatric wheelchairs aren't made for outdoor use, so you should be extra careful when using them on outdoor terrains.
3. Wheelchair Build
The materials used to build a wheelchair will seriously impact how much weight the chair can support and how much it will cost to repair or replace if it fails.
The materials used to make the wheelchair doesn't just determine its weight capacity. The higher the quality of materials used in making a wheelchair, the more comfortable it will be and the longer it will last before needing to be replaced.
Thankfully, Bartriatic wheelchairs are made of reinforced aluminum and strong enough to support a weight of more than 700 lbs.
Wheelchairs are used for people who have a disability or a health condition that prevents them from standing up and walking. They are made with different materials to accommodate different needs, and they are designed to hold different weights.
The maximum weight any wheelchair can safely hold is written on the side by the chair manufacturer, but you must know what kind of chair you have before you start using it or loading it up with heavy items.
For example, there are lightweight wheelchairs made for children that may not handle the same load as an adult's wheelchair.
The weight capacity of different wheelchairs varies due to size, design, and materials.
Most wheelchairs are designed for people weighing less than 300 pounds. The average weight capacity is 250-300 pounds. Heavier-duty wheelchairs can support a weight of up to 400 pounds, while many lighter models can only handle up to 250 pounds.
Wheelchair weight capacity is a crucial factor when purchasing a wheelchair since it determines the size and type of chair someone needs.
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The Indian Air Force Day Celebrated Across India on 8 October
The Indian Air Force Day is celebrated on 8 October 2013. It is the 81st anniversary of the Indian Air Force.
8 October: The Indian Air Force Day
The Indian Air Force Day is celebrated on 8 October 2013. It is the 81st anniversary of the Indian Air Force. On this day, various celebrations are organised across the country along with parades at the airbases all over India.
About the Indian Air Force
- The Indian Air Force is the air arm of Indian armed forces.
- The primary responsibility of Indian Air Force is to keep the Indian airspace protected as well as conduct aerial warfare during the wars.
- The Indian Air Force was officially established on 8 October 1932 as an auxiliary air force of the British Empire. Therefore, every year 8 October is celebrated as the Indian Air Force Day.
- After the independence of India in the year 1947, the Royal Indian Air Force served India and the word Royal was thereafter dropped after India became Republic in the year 1950.
- After the year 1947, the Indian Air Force has been involved in four major wars, two of which included the wars with Pakistan and China.
- The major operations of IAF include Operation Poomalai, Operation Cactus, Operation Meghdoot and Operation Vijay.
- It is important to note that at present, the President of India Pranab Mukherjee serves as the ex-officio Commander-in-Chief of the Indian Air Force.
- The Air Force is commanded by the Air Chief Marshal (ACM), who is the four-star commander and the Chief of Air Staff.


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If you think the dating world is tough for a human, consider for a moment the Nopoli rock-climbing goby of Hawaii, which scales waterfalls up to 100 feet high in order to breed. To put this feat in perspective, itâ€™s the equivalent of a man of average height scaling the 29,029 feet of Mount Everest!
The process leading to this incredible feat is, quite literally, jaw-dropping: the tiny one-inch goby propels itself up the waterfall rocks with two suckers â€" one, common to all gobies, on the belly, and a second, particular to one goby genus, that develops when the mouth migrates from the tip of its head to its chin over the course of 36 to 48 hours, before it embarks on its journey. The fish uses these dual suckers alternately to inch up the rocky substrate of waterfalls to the waters above where the goby mates and deposits eggs in streams. Upon hatching, these juvenile gobies are swept into the ocean where they develop for several months before they return to freshwater streams and pools upstream where they may live for several years. To mate, the gobies of this new generation must repeat the waterfall-climbing process themselves.


text: A model predictive control law is given by the solution to a parametric optimization problem that can be precomputed offline and provides an explicit map from state to control input. In this paper, an algorithm is introduced based on wavelet multiresolution analysis that returns a low complexity explicit model predictive control law built on a hierarchy of second order interpolets. The resulting interpolation is shown to be everywhere feasible and continuous. Further, tests to confirm stability and to compute a bound on the performance loss are introduced. Since the controller approximation is built on a grid hierarchy, convergence to a stabilizing control law is guaranteed and the evaluation of the control law in real-time systems is naturally fast and runs in a bounded logarithmic time. Two examples are provided; A two-dimensional example with an evaluation speed of 31 ns and a four-dimensional example with an evaluation speed of 119 ns.


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Starting a phone case business in India is an amazing opportunity to capitalize on the country's growing demand for mobile phone accessories. The market for phone covers in India is huge and diverse, with a population of over 1.3 billion people and a fast-increasing middle class. Starting a phone case business in India, on the other hand, might be difficult because it involves careful strategy and execution.
In this post, we will go over how to start a phone case business in India, including selecting a niche, locating a supplier, setting up an online store, and promoting your items. So If you are planning to enter into the mobile printing business, keep reading this article.
Table of Contents
Growth of mobile case printing business
The rise of smartphone cases has been inextricably linked to the rise of the smartphone business. As cellphones have become more popular and powerful, so has the demand for protective cases. Cases were largely used to safeguard devices from physical harm in the early days of the smartphone industry. However, as smartphones have grown and become more expensive, the use of covers has developed to include more capabilities and benefits. Many cases, for example, now have built-in batteries to increase the device's battery life or a wallet function to carry cards and cash. The market for custom phone cases has expanded dramatically in recent years.
The rising popularity of smartphones, rising awareness of the benefits of utilizing custom phone cases, and rising smartphone use in emerging nations are the primary drivers driving the phone cover design and printing business. Furthermore, as technology has advanced and new materials have been introduced, the design and patterns of casings have developed, providing customers with more diversified options. Overall, the smartphone case market is likely to expand further as smartphones remain an integral part of daily life and demand for protective and functional cases remains high.
Types of Phone Cases
Before knowing how to start a phone case business in India, it is important to have knowledge about the different types of phone cases that are used in mobile case printing business. There are numerous types of cases used for smartphone covers, the most common of which are:
1. Transparent Cases: Clear covers are composed of a transparent material that allows the device's design to show through.
2. Silicone cases: These cases are made of a squishy, rubber-like substance that gives the device a more secure grip.
3. Hybrid cases: These cases combine clear and silicone materials to provide the best of both worlds.
4. Leather cases: These cases are composed of genuine or imitation leather and offer the gadget a luxury appearance.
5. Wallet cases: These cases have a compartment for cards and cash, as well as a phone stand.
6. Rugged cases: These cases are made for heavy-duty use and offer additional protection for the device.
7. Flip Covers: Book-style cases have a flip cover that protects the device from both the front and rear.
8. Battery cases: These cases include a built-in battery that extends the device's battery life.
9. Armor cases: With many layers of protection and reinforced corners, these cases provide optimum protection.
10. Waterproof cases: Waterproof cases are intended to protect the gadget from water harm.
11. Glitter cases: These cases are composed of a translucent material that contains glitter flakes.
12. Cases with holographic designs: These cases have a holographic design on them.
13. Marble cases: These cases feature a marble design on them, which can be real or printed.
14. Temperature-sensitive Cases: These cases change colour depending on their surrounding temperature.
These are just a few examples of the many different types of smartphone cases available; new designs and materials are being developed all the time.
Mobile Cover Painting Ideas
If you want to know how to start a phone case business in India and be successful in it, then you need to know the basic ideas that are used in mobile case printing business in general. Here are some ideas to design your own customized mobile cover in India:
Abstract art is a type of art that does not depict natural objects but instead employs colours, shapes, and textures to create a visually appealing composition. Use bright colours and aggressive brushstrokes to create an abstract design that is unique and eye-catching. Use this abstract ideas as back cover design ideas for custom mobile covers.
Nature-inspired designs incorporate colours and pictures from nature, such as flowers, leaves, or animals, to produce a natural and organic appearance. These patterns might be simple or complex, with components such as leaves, flowers, or birds.
Pop art is a type of art that arose in the 1950s and is distinguished by bright colours and basic shapes. Use vibrant colours and basic forms to create a pop art-inspired design while painting a mobile cover.
Typography is the art of arranging type in order to make written language legible, readable, and visually appealing. Use different fonts and text to create a design that spells out a quotation, term, or name while painting a mobile cover.
Watercolor is a painting technique in which pigments are suspended in a water-soluble medium.
Use watercolour paints to produce a smooth, dreamy appearance while painting a mobile cover.
These are images that have sentimental importance; they could be of a family member, a pet, or a beloved area. Make a phone case out of a personal photo or an image that has sentimental meaning while painting a mobile cover. Use platforms like Blinkstore to generate such high quality image products.
Black and white
Black and white are the absence and presence of all colours, respectively. Use black and white colours to create a minimalist and classy look while painting a mobile cover.
These are just a few of the many mobile cover ideas to get you started. Initially, you can imply these ideas to your design to start your business.
Starting a phone case business in 7 Steps (mobile phone cases)
If you are looking at how to start a phone case business in India, you need to follow these 7 steps to become successful in the mobile case printing business.
Determine your niche
Determine the types of phone cases you want to sell, such as clear cases, silicone cases, or premium cases. Identifying your specialty can help you focus your efforts and target your marketing efforts to the correct audience to be successful in mobile case printing business.
Examine your competition
Investigate the competition in your area to see what sorts of phone cases are already available and what gaps in the market you can fill. Try using different keyword planner tools to understand which type of mobile cases are in demand and you can create print on demand phone cases based on that.
Find a wholesale source or mobile cover printing partner
Look for a wholesale provider of phone cases. Look for phone case business supplies from reputed suppliers who uses phone case making machine to make high quality covers. Look for phone case making supplies with a diverse product offering and a solid reputation for quality and customer service.
Create an online store
To sell your phone cases, create an e-commerce website or utilise a platform like Blinkstore. In just few clicks, you can setup your own online store without any investment and list your design and products there. For paid website builder tools you can check out SquareSpace.
Develop a marketing strategy
Create a marketing strategy that combines social media, influencer marketing, and advertising campaigns. Make use of these tactics to market your company and attract new customers.
Legal and monetary
Register your company and receive the required GST Number. Create a system for tracking your finances and taxes.
Analyze your firm on a regular basis and make improvements as needed to increase sales and profitability. To stay ahead of trends, keep an eye on the industry and your competition and adapt your plan as needed.
How do I start a mobile case business?
If you want to start mobile case printing business, then you need to follow the following steps:
1. Determine your niche and examine your competition
2. Find a wholesale source
3. Create an online store using Blinkstore
4. Develop a marketing strategy
5. Look for the feedback and act accordingly.
Is a phone case business profitable in India?
A mobile case printing business can be profitable in India, as there is a growing demand for mobile phone accessories in the country, with a population of over 1.3 billion people and a rapidly growing middle class. Is phone case business profitable? Yes, with right designs and marketing you can build a profitable phone case business in India.
How much does it cost to start a custom phone case business?
With Blinkstore, you can start a custom phone or mobile case printing business with zero investment.
How do I start my own phone case business?
With Blinkstore, you can create your own free online store and start listing your designs on phone cases and start selling immediately without any investment.
Finally, beginning a mobile case business in India can be a terrific way to capitalise on the country's expanding need for mobile phone accessories. The market for phone cases in India is wide and diverse, and a phone case business can be profitable with proper planning and execution. To launch a successful phone case business in India, it's important to identify a niche. You can also save this blog as a PDF for a phone case business plan pdf.
It's also critical to think about the legal and financial sides of beginning a business, as well as having a system in place for inventory management, customer service, packaging, and shipping. It is also critical to constantly design, develop and adapt to shifting industry trends and consumer preferences.


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Lake Marble Falls (Colorado River Basin)
Lake Marble Falls (also known as Max Starcke Dam) is located near town of Marble Falls in Burnet County, on the Colorado River. The reservoir is owned and operated by the Lower Colorado River Authority for the primary purposes of generating hydroelectric power and water supply. Max Starcke Dam, originally named Marble Falls Dam, was renamed in 1962 for Max Starcke, the second general director of the LCRA. The project was authorized by Permit No. 998 dated November 4, 1927 from the State Board of Water Engineers. Construction of the dam started in November 1949 and was completed in October 1951. Deliberate impoundment of water began in July 1951. The dam is a concrete gravity structure of 860 feet long including the spillway, powerhouse, and other facilities. The top of the dam is at elevation, 738 feet above mean sea level. Spillway is controlled by 10 roof-weir floodgates, each 60 feet wide and 15 feet high, with a crest at elevation, 725 feet above mean sea level. Maximum design water surface is 758 feet above mean sea level, while design 100-year flood level at dam is 754.3 feet above mean sea level. Recorded historic high water level is 756.3 feet above mean sea level on Sept. 11, 1952. According to TWDB 2007 volumetric survey, the lake has a capacity of 7,486 acre-feet encompassing a surface area of 608 acres at the elevation of 738 feet above mean sea level. The drainage area above the dam is 36,325 square miles, of which 11,900 square miles is noncontributing. The water level in the lake is regulated by upstream reservoirs and power plant operation.


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Australian inventor of 'black box' recorder diesSYDNEY (AP) — David Warren, an Australian scientist who invented the "black box" flight data recorder, has died, defense officials said. He was 85.
SYDNEY (AP) — David Warren, an Australian scientist who invented the "black box" flight data recorder, has died, defense officials said. He was 85.
Warren, who died Monday, came up with the idea for the cockpit voice recorder after investigating the crash of the world's first commercial jet airliner, the Comet, in 1953, the Department of Defence said in a statement. He thought it would be helpful for airline accident investigators to have a recording of voices in the cockpit.
He designed and constructed a black box prototype in 1956, but it took several years before officials understood just how valuable the device could be and began installing them in commercial airlines worldwide.
Warren was born in 1925 in a remote part of northeast Australia. In 1934, his father was killed in a plane crash in Australia.
He became the principal research scientist at the Defence Science and Technology Organisation's Aeronautical Research Laboratories in Melbourne from 1952 to 1983.
"Dr. Warren's flight data recorder has made an invaluable contribution to safety in world aviation," the defense department said in a statement.
In 2002, Warren was awarded the Order of Australia — among the nation's highest civilian honors — for his work.
Warren is survived by his wife Ruth, four children and seven grandchildren.


Most Famous Person With Last Name Hirt
Noteworthy contributions to history
Al Hirt
Al Hirt
Given name: Al
Birth date: Tuesday, November 7, 1922
Al Hirt is the most famous person named Hirt. Their Zodiac sign is ♏ Scorpio. Their most notable profession was Musician, bandleader. They are considered the most important person in history born with the last name of Hirt.
Their birthplace was New Orleans
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Hermann Hirt
#2 Hermann Hirt
Given name: Hermann
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August Hirt
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#4 Peter Hirt
Given name: Peter
Wednesday, March 30, 1910
Aloys Hirt
#5 Aloys Hirt
Given name: Aloys
Wednesday, June 27, 1759
Susanne Hirt
#6 Susanne Hirt
Given name: Susanne
Wednesday, August 15, 1973
Hassan Hirt
#7 Hassan Hirt
Given name: Hassan
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Egon Hirt
#8 Egon Hirt
Given name: Egon
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Driven by our shared dream to see Sarawak take on its role as a nation-transformer, we at R.O.S.E. believe that the key is to create awareness among and empower rural communities in Sarawak. To this end, we have chosen to focus our resources on several initiatives, including:
- Building awareness and empowering Sarawakian voters about their rights as electorate in a democratic nation.
- Voter Registration Drives in and around Kuching
- Civic Education Training for youths and rural communities e.g. Projek Rumah Baru which includes modules on good governance and decision-making
- Rural community transformation
- Financial literacy training
- Collaborating with other NGOs involved directly with rural community empowerment and transformation
- Championing Free and Fair Elections
- Polling and Counting Agents (PACA) Training
- Collaborating with other NGOs and creating awareness of the Election Comission's Electoral Delineation proposals
If Not Now, When?
If Not Us, Who?


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Isogeometric collocation for implicit dynamics of three-dimensional beams undergoing finite motions
Journal article, Peer reviewed
MetadataShow full item record
Original versionComputer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering. 2019, 356 548-570. 10.1016/j.cma.2019.07.013
We propose a novel approach to the implicit dynamics of shear-deformable geometrically exact beams, based on the isogeometric collocation method combined with the Newmark time integration scheme extended to the rotation group SO(3). The proposed formulation is fully consistent with the underlying geometric structure of the configuration manifold. The method is highly efficient, stable, and does not suffer from any singularity problem due to the (material) incremental rotation vector employed to describe the evolution of finite rotations. Consistent linearization of the governing equations, variables initialization and update procedures are the most critical issues which are discussed in detail in the paper. Numerical applications involving very large motions and different boundary conditions demonstrate the capabilities of the method and reveal the critical role that the high-order approximation in space may have in improving the accuracy of the solution.


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Oracle fusion application security mechanism is designed on the base of role-based access control (RBAC). Oracle recommend to implement roles with functional security and data security and then assign roles to user, which bring benefits from maintenance and reusability. We should not directly assign functional security and data security to user, even though it looks ok from technical perspective.
First, let's have a look at the Oracle recommended security setup process with a real business scenario, and then have a review of Oracle fusion security architecture and concept for further understanding.
Oracle recommended Security Setup Process, which is the most safe for your implementation.
Considering you have a financial manager called Ning Yun, who is responsible for all financial modules as a manager role in business unit A, B, C, Ledger X, Y, and asset book Z.
1. Create a user ning with person information (generally employee information). A person will auto created in HCM. Or you can create person in HCM and user will be auto created.
2. You should have had job roles, like general ledger manager, payables manager, receivables manager, etc. in your system, generally they are predefined by oracle.
3. Create data roles for above job roles through data role template. Or the data role can be generated automatically when you create BU, asset book, GL data access set.
4. Assign the necessary data role to user.
I recommend that you always generate data role by data role template or generate automatically and NOT try to generate your own data security, because it is not completed. If you try to research the Oracle-predefined data role template, it is very complex. You can duplicate it by data security easily. So, always use data template or auto generation.
Oracle fusion security architecture and concepts
1. Resource: Very technical concept that the technical components used by privilege.
2. Entitlement (Privilege): A task/action of duty role. An entitlement is one or more allowable actions applied to a set of database resources.
3. Application Role (Duty/Duty role): Duty roles cannot be provisioned directly to users, but are inherited by enterprise roles to control access to applications. Duty roles may carry both function and data security grants.
4. External Role (Job/Job role): Specific to a job, and controls access to functions through inherited duty roles that carry the entitlement necessary for performing specific tasks associated with the duties of the job, such as access for a procurement manager.
5. User: application user registered in system.
6. Database resource: A database resource specifies access to a table, view, or flexfield that is secured by a data security policy.
7. HCM Security Profile: HCM data roles are generated using the Manage Data Roles and Security Profiles task, which uses HCM security profiles, not data role templates, to define the data security condition.
8. Data role template: You use data role templates to generate data roles. You generate such data roles, and create and maintain data role templates in the Authorization Policy Manager (APM).
Data Role (Also external role in APM): Specific to a job within a dimension of data, and augments the inherited abstract, duty, or job roles with entitlement to access specific data, such as access for a procurement manager in a particular business unit. Job role with data security.
External Role/Job Role: Accounts Payable Manager (which is mapping to real AP manager in business)
Duties assigned directly and indirectly to the job role Accounts Payable Manager
Application Role/Duty Role
Accounts Payable Managerial Analysis Duty: Analyzes Invoices and related documents along with Payments, Holds Discounts, and Payables Balances
Accounts Payable Period Status Management Duty: Manages Oracle Fusion Payables period status.
Accounts Payable Period Status Review Duty: Reviews Oracle Fusion Payables period status.
Actual Procurement Cost Collection Duty: Subscribes to costing service for interfacing invoice transactions to receipt accounting.
The relationship between external role (data role) and job role: (first page for functional hierarchy, second page for data security)
The relationship between job role and application rule:
The relationship between application role and entitlement:
The relationship between entitlement and resource:
(From my own opinion, the security mechanism, especially data security is very complex in current version of Fusion Application, so please always use data role template or auto-generation. That's enough)


[AMPL 24621] information about branch and bound with Gurobi in AMPL
Where i find the information about branch and bound in AMPL with solver Gurobi. In particulare these informations are : maximum cardinality Clique, dual bound release continuous , number of nodes branch and bound,
number of simplex iterations Time total of execution
For an introduction to mixed-integer programming and branch-and-bound using Gurobi, see _URL_ Concerning particular terms you mentioned, here are some definitions:
Maximum cardinality clique: See _URL_
"dual bound release continuous": It's not clear what you mean by this.
Number of nodes: Number of subproblems in the branch-and-bound search tree that have been explored by Gurobi's algorithm.
Number of simplex iterations: Total number of iterations of the simplex method that were needed to solve all subproblems in the search tree.
Total time of execution: Elapsed time for Gurobi's entire run; the clock time when Gurobi finished, minus the clock time when Gurobi started.


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PRESS RELEASE FROM THE PIKE ANGLERS CLUB
Pike anglers are stunned by the Government's refusal to back their campaign to save the Norfolk Broads.
The issue surfaced in Parliament during Prime Minister's Questions today (Weds), when North Norfolk MP Gordon Lamb asked whether sea defences protecting the Upper Thurne and its broads would be safeguarded.
Plans to abandon defences have been proposed at a meeting between Natural England, the Broads Authority and the Environment Agency.
If put into action, the so-called managed retreat would lead to Hickling Broad, Horsey Mere, the Martham Broads and Heigham Sound being flooded by the sea.
Documents leaked to the Pike Anglers Club say the move would send out "the right message" about the impact of climate change on our coastline.
But the 2800-strong club has pledged to fight to save what it calls some of Britain's most historically-important pike fisheries.
Mr Lamb asked for assurances that sea defences between Eccles and Winterton would continue to be maintained.
But Commons Leader Harriet Harman, sitting in for Prime Minister Gordon Brown, said ministers would work to ensure "the right way forward".
Mr Lamb said he was "disappointed" at the response. Six villages, thousands of hectares of farmland and internationally-important nature reserves are also at risk.
Mr Lamb, who said he was disappointed at the response, is calling for Environment Minister Hilary Benn to visit Norfolk to see for himself the area which would be affected by the plan.
The Pike Anglers Club said: "We are stuuned. We share Mr Lamb's disappointment at the lack of assurances from the Government that the Broads will continue to be protected.
"We are talking about a cost of around £1.5m a year to maintain sea defences which protect thousands of homes, let alone some of our finest pike fisheries.
"It is unthinkable that all this could be lost to "send out the right message" about climate change" and save what is a relatively small amount in the scheme of things."
More than 500 people have signed an online petition on Gordon Brown's 10 Downing Street website to Save the Broads.
Go to _URL_ to join them.


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MODEL-ZD9 TELLURIC EQUIPMENT
Thao Jianu;Su Mingda; Wang Yanqiong;Song Baochang;Zhang Xiaofan(Earthquake Research Institute of Lanzhou,SSB,Lanzhou 730000)
In this paper the technical indexes,principle,function of a new specialized electrotelluricmeasuring instrument(Medel-ZD9)developed by authors is introduced. This instrument canbe used for routine observation of earth electric field at field stations and to detect deep earthresistivity by using the tensor method. It can also be used in other cases where multi-channeldata collecting is required. The tests of various performances and long use in earthquake sitesshow that the instrument can meet the needs of observing the geoelectric field.


Discount criteria
The discount criteria are used when creating discounts for selected users and/or roles. The criteria allow you to specify the ID of a user or role that the discount to be applied to. A discount can have more than one discount criteria set assigned to it.
The discount criteria are represented by the Telerik.Sitefinity.Ecommerce.Orders.Model.DiscountCriteria class. The class exposes the following specific properties:
 - Parent
 Gets or sets the discount that the criteria set belongs to.
 - RoleId
 Gets or sets the ID of the role for the criteria.
 - UserId
 Gets or sets the ID of the user for the criteria.
NOTE: You must set either the RoleId or the UserId property of the DiscountCriteria instance. If you need to combine users and roles for the discount, create a discount criteria for each requirement.
Want to learn more?
Register for Sitefinity training and certification.
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text:
The theist pump is used to extract and examine the contents of the fish's throat before it reaches its stomach. This helps discover what trout are feeding on allowing you to accurately match the food source. This study of the trout's food source dramatically improves catch rates. The pump is made of a rubber bulb and a small diameter plastic tapered straw which is easy to operate.
TO USE: Cradle fish in hand in a horizontal position with gentle but steady pressure. Fill the pump with water, then empty bulb so only the straw contains water. With bulb collapsed slide the tube gently into the fish. Squirt a few drops of water into the fish's throat then release the pressure on the bulb. The contents of the fish's throat will be drawn into the straw. With smaller fish use less suction. Release fish, squeeze contents of the pump into palm or vial to examine.


HRLN files Amicus in before Republic of Uganda for establishing food reserves
MIsc Appeal in CIVIL APPEAL N0.______OF 2020 AND 1. CENTER FOR FOOD AND ADEQUATE LIVING RIGHTS (CEFROHT) 2. ATTORNEY GENERAL | Court of Appeal of Uganda | Status: Pending | |
The High court of Uganda at Kampala brushed away the claim of CEROHT on access to food from government strategic food reserves to stabilize the rising food prices
on the market and enable easy access to food by all and declaring that the Country is a violation of and threat to rights guaranteed under the National Objectives and Directive Principles of State Policy No.XXII, XXIII, Article 20, 8A and 45 of the Constitution of Uganda (as amended).
The SECR Net members including HRLN intervened by way Amicus in Appeal to the aforementioned proceedings by mainly summarising the following -
Established international, regional, and comparative right to food standards inform and reinforce the Ugandan State's human rights duties to respond to the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic by:
1) recognizing and enforcing the right to food within the domestic legal order;
2) appropriately providing for all necessary food distribution during the pandemic;
3) establishing and maintaining food reserves;
4) ensuring economic accessibility of food and food price stabilization;
5) ensuring food safety; and
6) utilizing maximum available resources in the face of the food emergency.
 It was argued that vis a vis Constitutional law of India the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, International Conventions of Economic, Social and Cultural Rights recognize the needs which include right to food, clothing, housing, education, right to work, leisure, fair wages, decent working conditions, social security, right to physical or mental health, protection of their families as an integral part of the right to life.
It was further stated that the PUCL v Union of India, the Supreme Court of India recognized Right to food was envisaged as being a component of the right to life and the Court issued a continuing mandamus to monitor the overall implementation.
It was stated that, the timeout, nonrestrictive, nonarbitrary compliance with international standards, focus on disadvantaged and marginalized, and grave and risky situations can effect in maximum realization in minimum available resorces.


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Brussels, 27 November 2003
Travelling with pets: Pet passports to be introduced in July 2004
The European Commission today adopted a Decision establishing a model passport which will allow pets and their owners to travel more easily within the European Union. New EU legislation(1) comes into force in July 2004 which will mean all cats, dogs and ferrets will need a passport to travel. The pet passport, a veterinary document, will provide proof that the animal has been vaccinated against rabies. This is the sole requirement for pets to travel to all Member States except Ireland, Sweden and the United Kingdom(2). The passport can also contain details of other vaccinations, including those not required by law, as well as information on the animal's medical history.
David Byrne, the EU Health and Consumer Protection Commissioner said: "This is great news for pet owners like myself. A pet passport will be accepted throughout the EU as proof that a pet has received the anti-rabies vaccination. It also makes it easier for vets to learn about the pet's medical history. This is a significant step for the free movement of people and their pets and a step that was made possible by dramatic advances made in our fight against rabies. Rabies is now close to being totally eradicated from the EU".
Why do pets need passports?
Harmonised veterinary controls on the movement of animals between Member States for trade have been in place for some time. The same rules do not exist for pets. Member States require many different documents to prove a pet meets the veterinary conditions required for travel.
Regulation 998/2003 harmonised the rules on travelling with pets to make it easier for EU citizens and their cats or dogs to enjoy the freedom of movement within the Union. From 3 July 2004 the Regulation will require cats, dogs and ferrets to have a pet passport. It will provide proof that the animal has been vaccinated against rabies. This is the sole requirement for pets to travel to all Member States except Ireland, Sweden and the United Kingdom.
The pet passport will be accepted in all Member States. It can also contain details of other vaccinations and clinical examinations to give a clear picture of the animal's health status. This will facilitate veterinary checks and provide evidence of good health for a pet travelling to third countries free of rabies or where the disease is under control.
What will the passport look like?
The pet passport will measure 100 x 152 mm with a blue cover and the yellow stars of the European emblem. The languages used will be English and the official language of the Member State where the passport is issued. The words "European Union" and the name of the Member State will appear on the cover, along with the passport number which is the ISO code of the Member State followed by a unique number.
What difference will it make?
Travelling with pets will become much easier. All the different documents needed for travel into each Member State will be replaced by one veterinary document, the pet passport, which will be recognised across the EU. Visits to the vet will also become much more straightforward as the passport can instantly inform the vet about the pet's medical history.
More information: IP/02/950. If you would like to receive a copy of the passport electronically, please send an e-mail to _EMAIL_, indicating the language.
(1) Regulation 998/2003.
(2) Pets travelling to Ireland, Sweden and the United Kingdom from the rest of the EU need to have an antibody titration test several months after the rabies vaccination to check it has been effective. The UK and Ireland also require pets to be treated for ticks and tapeworm (echinococcus) as part of the Pets Travel Scheme (PETS). Pets travelling to Sweden need to follow different procedures according to the country of origin.


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A road out of the marsh
At some point in the early Iron Age (500 BC – 0 AD), a road was laid in the marshlands of Ellemosen at the foot of Tibirke Bakker in North Zealand. The road runs from solid ground across the wetlands of Ramløse River, where two islets reach out to each other. This…
Roadway on 600 hazel stakes
Although the road is ancient, it is not the first to have been built on this site. A more than 4,500-year-old road made of stakes runs alongside and in some places under the Iron Age road. In the Neolithic period, around the time of the construction of the large passage graves, Ellemosen was a shallow fjord connected with the Kattegat sea area. At that time, one of the islets was a small island, and it was to this island that a road was built from more than 600 hazel stakes. The stakes had been sharpened and hammered into the bed of the fjord in three rows. The stakes presumably supported several layers of branches or a row of planks, but if so, there was no evidence of them at the dig in 1943. The road led to a settlement on the island, but this has not yet been excavated.
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Dual Color Probes
Our dual color FISH probes allow for the detection of two genetic loci in a single sample, with a different color dye assigned to each probe. This is useful for cases where multiple genes or regions need to be identified, including when testing for gene translocations and fusions: translocations will result in splitting of the two colors, while fusions will show them merged into a single signal. A dual color mix can also serve as a control/CNV combination, with the control localizing to the same chromosome as the CNV probe to verify that it's hybridized to the correct locus.


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stevegrossi's solution
to Nucleotide Count in the Elixir Track
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Instructions
Test suite
Solution
Given a single stranded DNA string, compute how many times each nucleotide occurs in the string.
The genetic language of every living thing on the planet is DNA. DNA is a large molecule that is built from an extremely long sequence of individual elements called nucleotides. 4 types exist in DNA and these differ only slightly and can be represented as the following symbols: 'A' for adenine, 'C' for cytosine, 'G' for guanine, and 'T' thymine.
Here is an analogy:
 - twigs are to birds nests as
 - nucleotides are to DNA as
 - legos are to lego houses as
 - words are to sentences as...
Running tests
Execute the tests with:
$ elixir nucleotide_count_test.exs
Pending tests
In the test suites, all but the first test have been skipped.
Once you get a test passing, you can unskip the next one by commenting out the relevant @tag :pending with a # symbol.
For example:
# @tag :pending
test "shouting" do
 assert Bob.hey("WATCH OUT!") == "Whoa, chill out!"
end
Or, you can enable all the tests by commenting out the ExUnit.configure line in the test suite.
# ExUnit.configure exclude: :pending, trace: true
For more detailed information about the Elixir track, please see the help page.
Source
The Calculating DNA Nucleotides_problem at Rosalind _URL_
Submitting Incomplete Solutions
It's possible to submit an incomplete solution so you can see how others have completed the exercise.
nucleotide_count_test.exs
if !System.get_env("EXERCISM_TEST_EXAMPLES") do
 Code.load_file("nucleotide_count.exs", __DIR__)
end
ExUnit.start()
ExUnit.configure(exclude: :pending, trace: true)
defmodule NucleotideCountTest do
 use ExUnit.Case
 # @tag :pending
 test "empty dna string has no adenine" do
 assert NucleotideCount.count('', ?A) == 0
 end
 @tag :pending
 test "repetitive cytosine gets counted" do
 assert NucleotideCount.count('CCCCC', ?C) == 5
 end
 @tag :pending
 test "counts only thymine" do
 assert NucleotideCount.count('GGGGGTAACCCGG', ?T) == 1
 end
 @tag :pending
 test "empty dna string has no nucleotides" do
 expected = %{?A => 0, ?T => 0, ?C => 0, ?G => 0}
 assert NucleotideCount.histogram('') == expected
 end
 @tag :pending
 test "repetitive sequence has only guanine" do
 expected = %{?A => 0, ?T => 0, ?C => 0, ?G => 8}
 assert NucleotideCount.histogram('GGGGGGGG') == expected
 end
 @tag :pending
 test "counts all nucleotides" do
 s = 'AGCTTTTCATTCTGACTGCAACGGGCAATATGTCTCTGTGTGGATTAAAAAAAGAGTGTCTGATAGCAGC'
 expected = %{?A => 20, ?T => 21, ?C => 12, ?G => 17}
 assert NucleotideCount.histogram(s) == expected
 end
end
defmodule NucleotideCount do
 @nucleotides [?A, ?C, ?G, ?T]
 @doc """
 Counts individual nucleotides in a NucleotideCount strand.
 ## Examples
 iex> NucleotideCount.count('AATAA', ?A)
 4
 iex> NucleotideCount.count('AATAA', ?T)
 1
 """
 @spec count([char], char) :: non_neg_integer
 def count(strand, nucleotide) do
 strand
 |> Enum.filter(&(&1 == nucleotide))
 |> length()
 end
 @doc """
 Returns a summary of counts by nucleotide.
 ## Examples
 iex> NucleotideCount.histogram('AATAA')
 %{?A => 4, ?T => 1, ?C => 0, ?G => 0}
 """
 @spec histogram([char]) :: map
 def histogram(strand) do
 @nucleotides
 |> Enum.map(& {&1, count(strand, &1)})
 |> Enum.into(%{})
 end
end
What can you learn from this solution?
A huge amount can be learnt from reading other people's code. This is why we wanted to give exercism users the option of making their solutions public.
Here are some questions to help you reflect on this solution and learn the most from it.
 - What compromises have been made?
 - Are there new concepts here that I could read more about to develop my understanding?


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Etymological Meaning of the Bird of Paradise Flower
All five different Bird of Paradise flowers get grouped together under the Strelitzia scientific name. While the common name comes from the bird-like appearance of the bloom, the scientific name is drawn from Queen Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz. She was married to King George III when the flower was first imported into Great Britain, so the royal gardener named it after her. It's also more commonly called the crane flower in its native home.
Symbolism of the Bird of Paradise Flower
The Bird of Paradise symbolizes many different meanings because it's such an exotic and unusual flower. Everyone that encountered it developed their own idea of the bloom as a symbol. As a native lily from South Africa, freedom and beauty are the two traditional meanings that stand out the most. The Bird of Paradise also means a royalty lineage or bearing due to its association with ruling families. The sheer beauty of the contrasting petals makes it an obvious symbol of excellence and success. It's not commonly used as a birth flower, but it is the floral gift given for the 9th wedding anniversary since the Bird of Paradise is reminiscent of faithfulness. As one of the largest individual blooms used for arranging, it's usually used in the center with clusters of smaller matching flowers to make a statement.
Bird of Paradise Flower Colour Meanings
Since all the Bird of Paradise varieties feature different sets of two contrasting colors, the contrast has more meaning than the specific colors. The look created by combining bright orange and purple or gold and dark blue petals truly makes the flower look alive and like a bird about to take off from the plant's stem. All five varieties sport bright colors rather than muted or pale tones, adding passion and energy to the symbolism behind them.
Meaningful Botanical Characteristics of the Bird of Paradise Flower
While they respond well to being kept in a greenhouse or other humid and warm environment, there is still relatively little breeding of Bird of Paradise plants to produce new varieties. All five types currently available developed in the wild on their own. These plants usually rely on nectar-feeding sunbirds for pollination, so professionals and hobbyists that want to breed their own flowers must do the delicate work themselves with special tools. A few plants that share the same name with the Bird of Paradise are used for medicinal purposes, but the true version is poisonous and offers no medicinal or edible value. The unscented plant also produces no oils or absolutes for perfume formulation.
Special Occasions for the Bird of Paradise Flowers
Wondering when to splurge on a big Bird of Paradise as a gift for someone else? Stick with an appropriate occasion like:
- Birthdays, especially for adults that already have everything else
- Congratulating someone on a promotion, graduation, or other success
- Celebrating the handling of a sticky situation in a graceful way
- Birth and relocation announcements, or any celebration of a new beginning
- Farewell parties for people departing on long trips
The Bird of Paradise Flower's Message Is…
Stay open to new possibilities and seek your freedom wherever you can find it. Explore the world with a sense of optimism and excitement.


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Journal Of Functional Foods
In this study, to prepare the fraction containing multifunctional cationic peptides, we first hydrolyzed rice bran protein (RBP) with pepsin. We separated the enzymatic hydrolysate of RBP into 20 fractions containing peptides with different isoelectric point (pI) values by ampholyte-free isoelectric focusing (autofocusing). Subsequently, we examined the antimicrobial activity of each fraction against four pathogens. In addition, we purified the cationic peptides from fractions exhibiting antimicrobial activity by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography and identified them by matrix-assisted laser/desorption ionizationtime-of-flight mass spectroscopy. Of five cationic peptides identified, we chemically synthesized three peptides with high pI values and evaluated their multiple functions, including antimicrobial, lipopolysaccharide-neutralizing and angiogenic activities. Our results demonstrated that the three identified cationic peptides exhibited multiple functions with little or no haemolytic activity. Fractions containing cationic peptides obtained from RBP hydrolysate have the potential to be used as dietary supplements and functional ingredients in food products.


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Definitions and Methods for Worst Case Materials in Formability Simulations 2012-01-0017
Two types of approaches for material definitions and methods for worst case scenarios are explored. The first is from the material specification supplied by the OEM or the alloy producer for the material, which has basic material properties and no specific FLC. The potential exists that any material within the specification can be delivered to the stamping plants. The second is if the material is to be supplied within a narrowed band of material specification with a known FLC. For both cases, there is considerable pressure from product design to use the most formable material possible. However, if a material is delivered outside the FEA testing limits, the results can be catastrophic. A specification is proposed to take advantage of the formability capability to enhance product performance while minimizing stamping plant risk.


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Hawk-Eye: Founder looks to introduce technology to club cricket
Technology that allows international cricket umpires to make important decisions could soon filter its way down to the recreational game.
The Hawk-Eye system has been used for more than a decade in cricket for lbw and caught behind decisions and has since been adapted for line calls in tennis and football.
Umpires from the Southern Cricket League had a lesson in how the technology is used as its founder, Paul Hawkins, looks to introduce a new device using a smartphone to detect edges off the bat.
Tony Husband from BBC South Today went along to see how many decisions the umpires got right.


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- September 17, 2020
Standardisation of a European measurement method for organic carbon and elemental carbon in ambient air
The European Committee for Standardisation (CEN) Technical Committee 264 'Air Quality' has recently produced a standard method for the measurements of organic carbon and elemental carbon in PM2.5 within its Working Group 35 in response to the requirements of European Directive 2008/50/EC. It is expected that this method will be used in future by all Member States making measurements of the carbonaceous content of PM2.5. This paper details the results of a laboratory and field measurement campaign and the statistical analysis performed to validate this method, assess its uncertainty and define its working range to provide clarity and confidence in the underpinning science for future users of the method.
CONTINUE READING ON ec.europa.eu


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The Niger River in the western region of Africa is used for irrigation, power production, and transportation. Niger River, principal river of western Africa. With a length of 2,600 miles (4,200 km), it is the third longest river in Africa, after the Nile and the Congo.
What is unique about the Niger River?
Interesting Niger River Facts
The Niger has one of the most unusual routes of any of the major rivers in the world. It starts approximately 150 miles from the Atlantic Ocean (240 kilometers). Instead of flowing to the nearby Atlantic Ocean it instead heads inland, away from the sea into the Sahara Desert.
Why is the Niger river called the Oil River?
Oil Rivers, area comprising the delta of the Niger River in modern Nigeria, West Africa. … It was renamed the Niger Coast Protectorate in 1893 and in 1900 was joined to the Nigerian territories administered by the British government. Its name derives from the palm oil that was the chief product of the area.
What is the original name of River Niger?
|Niger River or Fleuve Niger (Joliba, Orimiri, Isa Ber, Oya, gher n gheren)|
|Name origin: Unknown. Likely From Berber for River gher|
|Countries||Guinea, Mali, Niger, Benin, Nigeria|
What does the Niger River empty into?
Why is the Niger river dangerous?
The health hazards become most serious during the rains, which bring flooding and a sharp rise in water-born diseases. Cholera outbreaks are common. Every year hundreds of people die from this severe diarrhoeal disease which is spread through contaminated water.
What animals live in the Niger River?
Many varieties of fish are found in the Niger and its tributaries; the chief food species are catfish, carp, and Nile perch. Other Niger fauna include hippopotamuses, at least three different types of crocodiles (including the much-feared Nile crocodile), and a variety of lizards. There is a rich collection of birds.
What is the shortest river in Africa?
The Niger River flows past the town of Mopti, in Mali. Fishing is an important activity along the length of the river system, especially during the dry season when the deep-sea and coastal fish catch is smallest.
Is Nigeria named after River Niger?
The nations of Nigeria and Niger are named after the river. The people who live along it have a variety of names for it, notably Jeliba in Manding, Isa Ber ("big river" in Songhay), Joliba (a Mandigo word meaning Great River), and Kworra or Quorra.
Where is West Africa's largest river?
The Niger River, with a total length of about 4100 km, is the third-longest river in Africa, after the Nile and the Congo/Zaire Rivers, and the longest and largest river in West Africa.
How did Niger get its name?
The country takes its name from the Niger River, which flows through the southwestern part of its territory. The name Niger derives in turn from the phrase gher n-gheren, meaning "river among rivers," in the Tamashek language.
Which civilization was located at the mouth of the Niger river?
Called the Niger Bend, the middle of the river was a focal point for trade across the western Sahara and a major center of the ancient African kingdom of Mali. Since the early days of civilization in the region, the river has been a source of power also in the constant wars that have battered the region.
Which state is River Niger located in Nigeria?
The River Niger Bridge in Onitsha (also known as the Onitsha Bridge), Anambra State, Nigeria connects southeastern Nigeria with western Nigeria over the Niger River. It is linked to Asaba in Delta State, Nigeria.
River Niger Bridge.
|Longest span||600 feet (180 m)|
|Piers in water||7|
|Clearance below||74 feet (23 m)|
How was the Niger River important to civilization in West Africa?
The Niger river provided irrigation and drinking water in the more arid parts of the these empires. The river was a food source providing fish, and other food to the people of the empires. Many civilizations had their beginnings along side a river.
What are the major rivers in West Africa?
Geographically, West Africa is predominantly plains. It also features numerous rivers. Major rivers include the Niger, Senegal, Gambia, and the Kolenté (Great Scarcies).
How many rivers are in Nigeria?
In Nigeria there are eight main river basins, i.e. the Benue, Delta and Cross Rivers, the Imo-Anambra, Hadejia-Chad, Sokoto-Rima, Niger, Owena and Ogun, and Osun Basins.


Skip to definition.
Noun: long-tailed porcupine
 1. Porcupine of Borneo and Sumatra having short spines and a long tail
 - Trichys lipura
Derived forms: long-tailed porcupines
Type of: Old World porcupine
Part of: genus Trichys, Trichys
Encyclopedia: Long-tailed porcupine


Skip to definition.
Noun: knocker nó-ku(r)
 1. A device (usually metal and ornamental) attached by a hinge to a door
 - doorknocker, rapper
 2. A person who knocks (as seeking to gain admittance)
 "open the door and see who the knocker is"
 3. One who disparages or belittles the worth of something
 - detractor, disparager, depreciator
 4. [vulgar] Either of two soft fleshy milk-secreting glandular organs on the chest of a woman
 - breast, bosom
 5. (Yiddish) a big shot who knows it and acts that way; a boastful immoderate person
Derived forms: knockers
Type of: big cheese, big deal, big enchilada, big fish, big gun, big shot, big wheel, cynic, device, faultfinder, head honcho, individual, mamma, mammary gland, mortal, person, somebody, someone, soul
Part of: adult female body, front door, front entrance, woman's body
Encyclopedia: Knocker