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Terms Of Use
Terms Of Use
In these terms :
 1. a) 'Applicant' means anyone who is referred or about whom information is supplied to a Client. It includes someone who may have been known or referred to that Client before Instructions are given or the Introduction made.
 2. b) 'Client' means the person or persons to whom an Introduction is made. It includes anyone who asks DMA for an Introduction, gives Instructions or interviews and Applicant on behalf of a Client ('Client Intermediary')
 3. c) 'Engagement' means any contract under which (directly or indirectly) the Applicant agrees to provide services to or for the Client or at the Client's direction.
 4. d) 'Fee' means a sum equivalent to a percentage of the remuneration package, calculated at the rates set out in the 'Introduction Fees' document provided. It includes any additional fees that may have to be charged under Clauses 6 b) 2 and 4. The fee is exclusive of any VAT, which must be paid by the Client at the prevailing rate.
 5. e) 'Instructions' means information about the Engagement, the remuneration package or the Client's requirements concerning an Applicant's qualifications or experience.
f ) 'Introduction' means the referral of an Applicant or the provision of any information about an Applicant to a Client by DMA or any associate, subsidiary or agent of DMA.
 1. g) 'Losses' means any kind of loss, cost, expense, charge, damage, liability or claim whatsoever other than liability for death or personal injury caused by negligence.
 2. h) 'Remuneration package' means the total amount, before the deduction of tax, of the salary, fees, profit share or equivalent remuneration and all commissions, bonuses, allowances (including car allowances) and benefits of any kind in respect to the first year of the Engagement.
 1. a) All Instructions are accepted and every Introduction is made subject to these terms. An Introduction is made when a referral or any information about the Applicant arrives at the Client's office or is communicated to the Client intermediary, whichever is the earlier event.
 2. b) Giving instructions, arranging an interview with or requesting further information about or from the Applicant, is acceptance or and agreement to these terms by the Client.
 3. c) These terms are paramount. They prevail over any other terms or conditions which may conflict with their provisions or, but for this term, may have been incorporated into any agreement between DMA and the Client.
 1. a) An Introduction, and any information about an Applicant, is provided to the Client in strict confidence and for the purpose of considering whether it wishes to engage that Applicant. The Client must not disclose an Introduction or any information about an Applicant to anyone else. In particular, the Client must not approach an Applicant's current employer until the Client has made an offer of Engagement to that Applicant and has the Applicant's permission to do so.
 2. b) The Client must not re-introduce an Applicant to anyone else. If, within twelve months of the Introduction it does so, and this leads to a contract equivalent to an Engagement with someone other than the Client, the Client must pay the Fee as if there had been an Engagement under these terms (except that Clause 7 a will not apply), unless that other person pays DMA a sum equivalent to the Fee.
 1. a) DMA will use the due skill and care in locating and introducing Applicants. Beyond that, no other term or condition is to be implied concerning DMA's services. In particular, DMA does not warrant or make any representations about the suitability of, or the accuracy of any information concerning an Applicant (as this information comes from the Applicant or other sources outside DMA's control) and none is to be implied from anything DMA may undertake or provide.
 2. b) Any decision to proceed with an Introduction, enter into an Engagement or incur any expense is a matter for the Client. The Client agrees that the responsibility for assessing and ensuring an Applicant's suitability for an Engagement, including taking up or confirming references, educational background, medical history, or obtaining any work and other permits and assessing or confirming qualifications, remains with the Client at all times. The Client is strongly advised by DMA to, and agrees to, take any of the steps referred to before offering or entering in an Engagement.
 3. c) DMA, its subsidiaries, associates, staff and agents (for whom DMA acts for the purpose of this and the following provision) shall not be liable, on any basis, for any Losses arising from, caused by or connected with DMA's taking the Client's Instruction, the Introduction, the acts or omissions of an Applicant or an Engagement, even if an Applicant acts or has acted negligently, dishonestly or fraudulently.
 4. d) However, if despite the previous provision, a Court determines that, for any reason and on any basis, DMA or any of its subsidiaries, associates, staff or agents is liable to the Client for any Losses, their aggregate liability shall be limited to the Fee actually paid by the Client.
 1. a) The Client agrees
 2. To give DMA the Instructions it may require from time to time to assist it in locating and introducing Applicants.
 3. To act promptly, reasonably and in good faith (including not applying any discriminatory standards or practices) when deciding whether it wishes to engage an Applicant.
 4. Not to prevent or impede DMA from making an Introduction or otherwise earning and receiving the Fee in any way.
 5. To indemnify DMA against Losses it incurs as a result of the Client's delay in giving, changes in or failure to give adequate Instructions, or any breach of these terms by, or the negligence or other wrongful act, omission or statement of the Client.
 6. b) The Client intermediary warrants that he or she is duly authorised to agree these terms on behalf of the Client, give instructions and act for the Client in matters concerning the Introduction and Engagement.
The fee and all other payments must be made as follows:
 1. a) The Fee becomes payable by the Client if an Applicant accepts any offer of Engagement at any time within twelve months of the Introduction being made. However, a Fee is not payable if an Applicant accepts an offer but fails to commence the Engagement through no fault of the Client.
 2. b) The Client must:
 3. Notify DMA immediately an Applicant is offered an Engagement and provide full details of the remuneration package (and copies of any relevant contract and other documents if DMA so requests) and when a commencement date for the Engagement is agreed.
 4. Update DMA immediately if there is any change in the offered or agreed remuneration package or the commencement date. DMA reserves the right to adjust the Fee or require the payment of an additional fee if there is a change.
 5. Pay the Fee within 30 days of the Applicant's acceptance of an offer of Engagement, or within 14 days of the commencement of the Engagement, whichever is the earlier ('the payment date').
 6. If asked to do so, provide DMA with full details of the remuneration package actually received by or paid to the benefit of the Applicant for the first year of his or her Engagement (and copies of any relevant contract and other documents if DMA so requests). DMA reserves the right to charge an additional fee on the difference between the remuneration package and actually received (if it is higher) and thta used for the calculation of the Fee.
 7. c) DMA will calculate and invoice the Client for the Fee and for any other sum payable by the Client under these terms. Unless there is an obvious error in any calculation shown on any invoice, the invoiced sum will be final and binding as the sum due from the Client. It is absolutely essential that the Fee and any other invoiced sum is paid, without deduction, by the payment date or, if for any reason it is issued later that the payment date, within 15 days from the date of any invoice.
 8. d) The Client must not make any deduction from, or assert or exercise any set-off, lien or other right or claim against the Fee, any other invoiced sum or any interest that may become payable under clauses 6 e)1.
 9. e) If the Fee or any other invoiced sum is not paid within the time specified in Clause 6 c) ('the due date') and in full, then
 10. Interest shall be paid on any outstanding balance, for the first 30 days, at the rate of 5% above, and thereafter, at the rate of 8% above the Midland Bank's (or its successor's) prevailing base lending rate, that interest accruing daily from the due date until payment (whether before or after judgement) and, while any part of the balance or interest remains outstanding.
 11. DMA may give notice to the Client terminating or, at its option, suspending, in either case with immediate effect, its performance of and any of its obligations under this and any other agreement then in force between itself and the Client, until the outstanding balance and any interest has been paid in full. DMA will not incur any liability, upon any basis or for any reason, for any Losses resulting from, and the Client will indemnify DMA against any Losses it incurs as a result of, any termination or suspension. A termination or suspension will not release the Client


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Romantic Table for Two
Create a cozy atmosphere when making a special meal on Valentine's Day. Begin by draping the table in an elegant cloth with white and red hues. Place a lovely Heart-Shaped Napkin (instructions below) on top of each dinner plate.
Then add some ambiance by creating Rose Candleholders. Here's how:
 - Cut the stem off of a large rose, making sure the bottom is even. Use your fingers to fully open the rose. If necessary, remove some center petals so there's a small open area in the middle.
 - Place a tea light candle in a clear tea light holder; set inside the rose. Place the Rose Candleholder on a small saucer or candle base. To prevent wilting, make these flower candleholders just before sitting down to dinner.
Heart-Shaped Napkin
 1. Place a square napkin on a flat surface. Fold two opposite side edges in so that they meet in the center, making a rectangle.
 2. Fold the rectangle in half lengthwise. Rotate the napkin so that the single fold is on the bottom.
 3. With your finger in the center of the rectangle, bring up one end of the napkin until it touches your finger.
 4. Bring up the other end so that the two ends touch and a point is formed on the bottom.
 5. Tuck under the two upper corners to create a heart shape.


Home » Questions » Unexperienced [ Ask a new question ]
Plotting the PAR: CONCLUSION
Plotting the PAR: CONCLUSION
Asked by: Guest | Views: 33
Total answers/comments: 1
Guest [Entry]
"The PAR or Philippine Area of Responsibility was plotted by PAGASA so that our National Weather Office would have an exact area to monitor for weather disturbances. Once a weather disturbance becomes to near the borders of the PAR or crosses it, it could become a national or provincial issue of safety.
Some weather disturbances affecting our neighboring countries may pass near our territory but they are not declared as a threat to the people since they are not within the PAR. The duration of storms, low pressure areas, and tropical depressions are also monitored by checking if they are still within the PAR or how close they are to crossing the outermost borders of the PAR.
You must remember that even if it is called Philippine Area of Responsibility, there are portions of that overlap with the areas of responsibility of other countries such as Japan, Malaysia, Palau, and Taiwan. There are also Philippine territories that are not included in the PAR and that is the southernmost parts of Tawi-Tawi."


text:
This article examines the experience of stateless people in Thailand and how they overcome the problem of stigma. In 2020, there were 480,000 people in Thailand classified as stateless. They are individuals who migrated from neighboring countries and who settled mainly along the border with Myanmar. They are mostly members of hill tribes (such as the Akha, Lahu, Hmong, Lisu, Yao) with distinct languages and culture. They do not have Thai identification cards (IDs), which are required to access public services, including health care and higher levels of education, apply for professional jobs, and sell property.
The authors define stigma as "a negative social attitude attached to a characteristic of an individual who may be regarded as having a mental, physical, or social deficiency." The authors employ the framework integrating normative influence on stigma (FINIS), which has three layers: a microlayer focusing on individual characteristics; a mesolayer focusing on family and community contexts; and a macrolayer focusing on the stigma embedded in a larger national cultural context.
The analysis is based on data from qualitative and in-depth interviews with 51 stateless individuals living in five remote hill tribe villages along the border with Myanmar. Sixty-nine percent of the participants were female, 67 percent had no education, 57 percent were farmers, and the participants had a median monthly income of US$93.
- There are various ways in which stigma affects the lives of stateless people. They find it difficult to request assistance and assert themselves (e.g. in a healthcare setting) because they fear mistreatment or drawing attention to themselves. They experience unequal treatment and are treated more poorly than Thai citizens and other hill tribe people who have acquired Thai IDs. They feel that they have limited options for improving their lives.
- Avoidance, trying to get a Thai ID, and practicing speaking Thai are ways in which stateless people cope with stigma. The stateless population reported several approaches to handling stigma, mainly by avoidance, for example not traveling outside their village, not talking with people with whom they are not familiar and keeping track of events that could result in exposure. Trying to get a Thai ID and practicing speaking Thai were other strategies employed to cope with stigma.
- Participants expressed their single goal of obtaining a Thai ID to help them overcome problems of stigma.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Ashland, OR Bicycle and Pedestrian Commission
Source File: _URL_
The primary purpose of the Bicycle and Pedestrian Commission shall be to advocate the equal opportunity to use non-automotive forms of travel and to ensure the development of bicycle and pedestrian facilities into a well-designed, integrated transportation network for all Ashland citizens. In doing so, the powers, duties and responsibilities of the commission shall be as follows:
A. To promote bicycling and walking in Ashland.
B. To review and make recommendations on the long-range transportation plans as related to bicycle and pedestrian issues of the city.
C. To promote bicycle safety programs.
D. To serve in a liaison capacity between the city and Oregon Bicycle and Pedestrian Advisory Committee in developing the statewide bicycle and pedestrian program, and in meeting the goals of the State of Oregon Bicycle and Pedestrian Plan.
E. To serve in a liaison capacity between the city and the Jackson County Bicycle Committee in developing overall coordinated plans for bicycle facilities and bicycle safety programs.
F. On a yearly basis, to review and make recommendations on transportation projects as related to bicycle and pedestrian issues in the city.
G. To review and recommend transportation project prioritization and funding as related to bicycle and pedestrian issues in the city.
H. To advise the planning commission in the administration of the site review process with respect to bicycle and pedestrian facilities and parking.
I. To assist in the implementation of the Transportation Element of the Comprehensive Plan.
J. To develop and recommend to the city council and planning commission adoption of ordinances and policies for the planning and maintenance of bicycle and pedestrian facilities throughout the city.
K. To advise the city administrator and city departments regarding bicycle and pedestrian issues in the city.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


A Model to Estimate L-Strut Strength With an Emphasis on Thickness
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Abstract
Importance
To perform and teach septorhinoplasty, one must have a principled understanding of the mechanics of the nasal septum. The thickness of the L-strut and how it changes septal strength have not been adequately quantified, yet calculating septal strength based on changes to thickness and size is vital in maintaining lasting nasal strength and integrity.
Objective
To establish standards for the nasal septal cartilage thickness, dorsal and caudal septum length, and Young's modulus. To provide a basis for quantitative, operative decision making, a mathematical model of L-strut strength is presented based on changes in thickness and width.
Design, Setting, and Participants
Nasal septal cartilages from 30 fresh cadavers were used to measure thickness at clinically relevant points and length of dorsal and caudal L-strut arms. The Young modulus was directly measured using a force gauge. Statistical analyses were performed to compare thicknesses in anatomically relevant areas. Using a cantilevered beam construct, the spring constant of the L-strut dorsal and caudal arms were estimated individually with width and thickness as variables.
Main Outcomes and Measures
Thickness, dorsal and caudal length, and the Young modulus of nasal septal cartilage. Spring constants of dorsal and caudal L-strut arms with different combinations of thickness and width.
Results
The mean (SD) age at death of the 30 cadavers was 79.2 (13.6) years (range 50-97 years). Of these, 17 (57%) were male, and 13 (43%) were female. The mean (SD) nasal septal cartilage thickness in the 30 cadavers was 1.45 (0.54) mm. Mean (SD) thickness of points along the 2-mm L-strut line was 1.49 (0.56) mm and was significantly thicker than points along the 5-mm L-strut line (mean [SD] thickness, 1.29 [0.52] mm) but significantly thinner than points along the 15-mm L-strut line (mean [SD] thickness, 1.68 [0.53]). Mean (SD) thicknesses of the posterior dorsal and caudal cartilage points were 1.52 (0.45) mm and 1.71 (0.69) mm and were significantly thicker than the anterior dorsal and caudal points (mean [SD] thickness, 1.28 [0.42] mm and 1.31 [0.44] mm, respectively). Mean (SD) dorsal and caudal L-strut arm lengths were 21.9 (3.7) mm and 20.9 (3.5) mm, respectively. The mean (SD) Young modulus was 2.03 (1.3) MPa. A model was generated demonstrating the thickness required to maintain a desired strength at a given dorsal or caudal arm width.
Conclusions and Relevance
Although thickness was not uniform throughout the nasal septum, there is a predictable pattern. Thickness of the L-strut contributes more to septal strength than does L-strut width. The model generated in this study can be used in planning, performing, or teaching the applied mechanics of septorhinoplasty.
Level of Evidence
NA.
Related Topics
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NSArray enumeration performance examined
One day, I was thinking about NSArray enumeration (also called iteration): since Mac OS X 10.6 and iOS 4, there's the wonderful new world of blocks, and with it came enumerateObjectsUsingBlock:. I assumed it must be slower than fast enumeration (for (object in array) {... }) due to overhead, but I didn't know for sure and thus decided to actually measure the performance.
Which kinds of enumeration do exist?
Basically, we have four kinds of enumeration available (see also Mike Ash's Friday Q&A 2010-04-09: Comparison of Objective-C Enumeration Techniques).
 1. objectAtIndex: enumeration
 NSUInteger count = [myArray count];
 [self doSomethingWith:[myArray objectAtIndex:index]];
 2. NSEnumerator
 NSEnumerator *enumerator = [myArray objectEnumerator];
 id object;
 while (object = [enumerator nextObject]) {
 [self doSomethingWith:object];
 3. NSFastEnumerator
 id object;
 for (object in myArray) {
 [self doSomethingWith:object];
 4. Block enumeration
 [self doSomethingWith:object];
 [self doSomethingWith:object];
Linear enumeration
First, let's discuss linear enumeration: one item after the other.
NSArray enumeration performance, Mac OS X, logarithmic scale NSArray enumeration performance, Mac OS X, linear scale NSArray enumeration performance, iOS, logarithmic scale NSArray enumeration performance, iOS, linear scale
Somewhat surprisingly, NSEnumerator is even slower than using objectAtIndex:. This is true for both Mac OS X and iOS. I suspect this is due to the enumerator checking whether the array was modified with each iteration. Somewhat unsurprisingly, fast enumeration holds up to its name and is the fastest solution.
For small arrays, block enumeration is a bit slower than objectAtIndex:, but with more elements in the array the performance becomes almost as fast as fast enumeration.
The difference between fast enumeration and NSEnumeration is already quite big with a million entries: on the iPhone 4S, the former took about 0.037 seconds while the later took about 0.140 seconds. That's already a factor of 3.7.
An oddity
The very first time an NSArray is allocated in a program and the very first time an enumerator is requested with objectEnumerator it takes an unusual long time to complete. For example, to allocate an array with one element the median was 415 nanoseconds on my 2007 MacBook Pro 17". But the very first time an array was allocated it take more than 500,000 nanoseconds, sometimes even up to 1,000,000 nanoseconds! The same with querying the enumerator: instead of the median of 673 nanoseconds it took also took more than 500,000 nanoseconds.
I can only guess about the reason, but I suspect lazy loading is to blame. You probably won't notice this in a real application because by the time your code is running Cocoa or Cocoa Touch probably already has created an array.
Concurrent enumeration
Block enumeration offers the option to enumerate the objects concurrently, if possible. This means the work load is potentially spread over several CPU cores. Not every operation to be done while enumerating can be parallelized, so concurrent enumeration only makes sense if no locking is required within the block: either because each operation really is absolutely independent or because atomic operations can be used (like OSAtomicAdd32 and friends).
So, how well does it perform compared to the other enumeration methods?
The graphs
NSArray enumeration performance with concurrency, Mac OS X, logarithmic scale NSArray enumeration performance with concurrency, Mac OS X, linear scale NSArray enumeration performance with concurrency, iOS, logarithmic scale NSArray enumeration performance with concurrency, iOS, linear scale
For small number of elements, the concurrent enumeration is by far the slowest method. This probably has to do with the additional work that needs to be done preparing the array for concurrent access and starting the threads (I don't know whether GCD or "traditional" threading is used and it doesn't matter; it's an implementation detail we shouldn't need to care about).
However, if the array is large enough all of a sudden concurrent enumeration becomes the fastest method, just as expected. On the iPhone 4S and a million entries, it took about 0.024 seconds to enumerate with concurrent enumeration, but 0.036 seconds with fast enumeration. By contrast, NSEnumeration took 0.139 seconds for the same array! That's already a pretty big difference, a factor of 5.7.
On my office 2011 iMac 24" with a Core i7 quad-core CPU, the million entries where enumerated concurrently in 0.0016 seconds. Fast enumeration of the same array took 0.0044 seconds and NSEnumeration 0.0093 seconds. That's a factor of 5.8 which is pretty close to the iPhone 4S results. I was expecting a bigger difference here, though. On my 2007 MacBook Pro with Core2 Duo dual-core CPU, the factor was "just" 3.7 here.
The threshold when concurrent enumeration became useful was somewhere between 10,000 and 50,000 elements in my tests. With less elements, just go with normal block iteration.
I also wanted to know whether the performance is any different depending on how the array was created. I tested two different methods:
 1. Create a C array which references the object instances and create the array using initWithObjects:count:.
 2. Create a NSMutableArray and subsequently add objects using addObject:.
There's no difference when iterating, but there is a difference when allocating: the initWithObjects:count: method is faster. With a very large number of objects, this difference can become significant. Here's an example on how to create an array with NSNumbers:
NSArray *generateArrayMalloc(NSUInteger numEntries) {
 id *entries;
 NSArray *result;
 entries = malloc(sizeof(id) * numEntries);
 for (NSUInteger i = 0; i < numEntries; i++) {
 entries[i] = [NSNumber numberWithUnsignedInt:i];
 result = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:entries count:numEntries];
 return result;
NSArray allocation performance, Mac OS X, logarithmic scale NSArray allocation performance, Mac OS X, linear scale NSArray allocation performance, iOS, logarithmic scale NSArray allocation performance, iOS, linear scale
How did I measure?
You can download the test application to see how I've measured. Basically I'm measuring how long it takes to iterate an array without actually doing anything else, and repeat that 1000 times. For the graph, the median for each array size was taken. Compilation was done with optimization turned off (-O0). For iOS, testing was done with an iPhone 4S. For Mac OS X, I used my 2007 MacBook Pro 17" and my office 2011 iMac 24". The graphs for Mac OS X show the results of the iMac, but on the MacBook Pro the graphs looked similar, it just was slower.


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Marble gravitron
Challenge a friend to lift a marble or round lolly (or any spherical object) off a table touching it only with a glass. They'll never succeed of course. You however, are an intergalactic master of the centripetal force and laws of nature, so you achieve this piddly feat with ease. Stand back Earthlings!
Marble gravitron - tricks
1. This is very important: it only works with a glass that is narrower at the top like the one on the left in this picture. Wine glasses work best - the glass on the right in this picture won't work at all.
2. Trap a marble (or any spherical object) under the glass on a smooth surface.
3. Wiggle the glass and the marble will start rolling around inside really fast. Look carefully and you'll see it starts 'climbing the walls'.
Note: the marble is just a faint blur in this photo
4. When the marble is really hooting along, lift up the glass and the marble stays inside. With some glasses, you can keep the marble inside as long as you keep wiggling.
Note: you can just see the blur of the marble between my middle and ring fingers in this photo.
^ to top
What's going on?
This trick reminds me of that motorbike stunt inside a huge spherical cage. When the riders get up enough speed they can ride around sideways or even upside down.
The force that keeps these daredevils and your marble stuck to the glass is called the centripetal force and it results from the marble's circular path and the shape of the glass.
You experience the centripetal force pushing you 'sideways' inside a car every time you go around a corner. Inside a car, the physics is very intuitive: the faster you go or the sharper the corner, the greater the 'sideways' force. And you'd rather be sitting next to a little sister than a big uncle because the heavier an object, the greater the sideways force.
The reason you experience this force is because any object in motion tends to stay in motion in a straight line unless something gets in the way. Once moving, the marble wants to keep moving in a straight line but the curved walls of the glass make it change direction. As a result, the marble pushes against the glass. From the marble's perspective, your upside down glass has walls which bank up and outward, so it rises up. As long as you keep the marble racing, it keeps climbing the glass and stays put.
Tags: science-and-technology, physics, weird-and-wonderful
^ to top
Published 24 March 2008


text:
The continuing success of the Hunter Education Program demonstrates the impact of these volunteer efforts. Hunting-related incidents in New Hampshire have decreased from more than 24 per year when the program started in the 1960s to an average of about four per year in the current decade
-- a remarkable figure in light of the fact that about 78,000 people hunt in the state each year.
The number of lost hunters has also dramatically decreased as a result of the program. As recently as the early 1980s, nearly 30 hunters a year became lost or disoriented and required a costly search to be rescued. Thanks in large part to the emphasis on orienteering taught in hunter education, the number of lost hunters requiring a search and rescue mission has averaged just over four per year for the last five years

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
A new Curtin University of Technology report calls for a $315 million light rail system to be built in Perth.
The Knowledge Arc Light Rail would link Canning Bridge, Curtin's Bentley Campus, Technology Park, Victoria Park, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, the new Princess Margaret Hospital and the University of Western Australia.
The plans are part of Professor Peter Newman's latest report, 'The Knowledge Arc Light Rail: The next phase in Perth's public transport'.
"Perth needs a new type of public transport to help it adapt to its growth pressures and light rail can be fitted into the present road structure and provide a fast, clean high capacity system," he said.
"The proposed route links together the main knowledge centres like pearls along a string, enabling them all to grow substantially without the need for so much parking.
"The new PMH site is planning to have Perth's biggest car park costing $180 million — this is a waste of money and land.
"The $315 million suggested cost for the light rail could be paid for from parking savings and land development opportunities created.
"Light rail is being adopted by many car-oriented cities in the US as a way to help rebuild their cities with less car dependence and more genuine centres. Light rail is the catalyst for building little cities along its route.
"Infrastructure Australia is funding light rail systems in Adelaide and the Gold Coast through a combination of funding sources and with a strong emphasis on land development opportunities.
"This should be adopted in Perth as the way to make our next stage in public transport happen."
Professor Newman said the advantages of developing a new light rail system outweighed an improved bus system.
"A larger number of passengers can be carried with fewer vehicles and staff, and the congestion threshold is significantly higher," he said.
"Commercial speed and timetable reliability are generally higher with rail systems and rail networks are more easily understood than bus systems. These are only some of many advantages.
"While buses are clearly capable of offering high quality public transport services, the choice of rail on routes with the potential for high patronage offers additional synergies."
This report was produced as part of the Parsons Brinckerhoff – Curtin University Sustainability Policy (CUSP) Alliance.
The full report can be downloaded from: _URL_
Note to COS/Editor: Professor Newman from Curtin University Sustainability Policy (CUSP) Institute and Infrastructure Australia Board Member is available for interviews on Saturday 1 May from 9am to 10am at 24 High Street, Fremantle or on 0407 935 133.


text:
An advanced ventricular assist device (VAD), which is under development in our institution, has specific features that allow changes in the axial rotor position and pump performance by intrapump pressure difference. However, performance could be influenced by the pump orientation because of the effect of gravity on the rotor position. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of pump orientation on the pump performance, including pulse pressure and regurgitant flow through the pump when the pump was stopped. Bench testing of the VAD was performed on a static or pulsatile mock loop with a pneumatic device to simulate the native ventricle. The pump performance, including pressure–flow curve, pulsatility, and regurgitant flow, was evaluated at several angles, ranging from −90° (inlet pointed upward) to +90° (inlet pointed downward) at pump speeds of 2000, 2500, 3000, and 3500 rpm. The pump performance was slightly lower at +90° at all rotational speeds, compared with −90°. The pulse pressure on the pulsatile mock loop (80 bpm) was 50 mm Hg without pump support, remained at 50 mm Hg during pump support, and was not changed by orientation (−90°, 0°, and +90°). When the pump was stopped, the regurgitant flow was near 0 L/min at all angles. Pump orientation had a minor effect on pump performance, with no effect on pulse pressure or regurgitant flow when the pump was stopped. This indicates that the effect of gravity on the rotor assembly is insignificant.
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Medicine (miscellaneous)
- Biomedical Engineering


text:
Coorg Coffee Plantation Tour
- Explore the lush green coffee estates of Madenadu Village in North Coorg or Chambebellur Village in South Coorg
- Gain in-depth knowledge of coffee cultivation and trace the process of the coffee bean from plantation to cup
- Interact with the locals and learn pruning techniques, picking, drying and other important information
- Learn about other popular plantations of the region, which grow pepper, cardamom and wild fruits
- Visit a local host's house and learn about various blends, and have a cup to taste the flavors of local coffee
What to expect
Learn how delicious, India-grown coffee is produced on this trip to a lush green coffee plantation in Coorg! Your friendly, English-speaking guide will be waiting for you at the meet up point and will take you to the coffee estates of Madenadu Village or Chambebellur Village on board a shared transfer. As soon as you arrive, you'll be able to explore the sprawling estate and discover how coffee plants are grown, how their fruit and seeds (coffee beans) are harvested and expertly processed through drying, and how the best of the beans are selected. You will learn a great deal from the staff who have descended from generations of coffee farmers as they share their knowldge about how a wonderful, aromatic cup of coffee is actually made. You will also get to know more about the produce grown in other plantations in the area such as wild fruit, pepper, and even the spices that India is famous for. You'll be able to taste just how good the coffee is as you're served a cup at the home of a local host by the end of the tour.


text:
Daniel A. Farber
University of California, Berkeley – School of Law
February 7, 2016
UC Berkeley Public Law Research Paper No. _PHONE_
Deadlines are a ubiquitous feature of lawmaking in contexts such diverse settings as agency rulemakings, federal appropriations, and international negotiations. Despite the expectation that these deadlines will drive conflicting parties toward agreement or overcome bureaucratic inertia, their impact on decision making is mixed, often producing only modest improvements in speed, and perhaps sometimes none at all. On the downside, deadlines can sometimes reduce the quality of decisions or encourage brinksmanship when missing a deadline would have draconian consequences. If there is a case for deadlines, then, it is an uneasy one. Game theory suggests some possibilities for to increase the effectiveness of deadlines as action-forcing strategies, such as improving information sharing between actors and providing enforcement mechanisms for negotiated outcomes.


Real-Time Ray-Traced Ambient Occlusion of Complex Scenes using Spatial Hashing
Pascal Gautron, NVIDIA
GTC 2020
Ambient occlusion is an effective way to approximate global illumination: in essence, the closer a point is to its surroundings, the darker it gets. For real-time rendering, this effect is often approximated using screen-space techniques, leading to visible artifacts. Ray tracing provides a unique way to increase the rendering fidelity by accurately computing the distance to the surrounding objects, but it introduces sampling noise. Using the NVIDIA RTX technology available with Vulkan, we propose a real-time ray-traced ambient occlusion technique in which noise is removed in world space. Using spatial hashing for efficient storage, we'll cover all the technical challenges to make ambient occlusion a production feature usable in CAD viewports with scenes comprising thousands of instances and hundreds of millions of polygons.
View More GTC 2020 Content


Documentation forOrion Platform
Create new alerts to monitor your environment with the Orion Platform
Navigate to the Alert Manager in the Orion Platform to create a completely new alert definition, or duplicate an alert that is similar to the alert you want to create.
 1. Enter the alert properties, which includes who can view the alert, severity, and how frequently the alert conditions are evaluated.
 2. Define the conditions must exist to trigger the alert.
 3. Define what event occurs to reset the alert.
 4. Schedule when you want the alert to monitor your environment.
 5. Define what happens when an alert is triggered.
 6. Define what happens when the alert is reset.
 7. Review your alert, including the number of alerts that will be triggered based on the conditions you defined.
You can skip to different steps if you clicked Duplicate & Edit or if you are editing a saved alert.
Once you have created an alert, it is added to the list of available alerts in the Alert Manager. When the alert is enabled, it immediately monitors your environment for the conditions necessary to trigger it.


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Medicine and Clinical Studies A coal miner's job is extremely hazardous and can cause serious…
Medicine and Clinical Studies A coal miner's job is extremely hazardous and can cause serious health problems, for example, black lung disease and vibration-induced white finger. A study was conducted to examine the hearing loss of coal miners exposed to years of vibration and cool temperatures underground. A random sample of coal miners was selected, and the length of time on the job (x, in years) was recorded for each person. Each miner took a test in which the hearing threshold level (HTL, y, in dB) was measured.
a. Find the estimated regression line, and compute the residuals.
b. Carefully sketch a normal probability plot of the residuals and a plot of the residuals versus the predictor variable.
c. Do these graphs provide any evidence that the simple linear regression assumptions are invalid? Justify your answer. How do you think this regression model could be improved?


Local elementary school students are turning nickles into homes for people in need.
It's part of the La Crescent-Hokah elementary school Nickles for Nicaragua fundraiser.
The school put collection jars in each classroom for students to drop money in with a goal of being able to build a home for a family in need. They raised more than $2,000.
Along with being able to help a family in Nicaragua, it was also a learning experience for the students.
"They're one of the poorest countries in the world, it would be nice to help them because, with their houses, we're building some so they can have a better life," said students Maya Colby and Alana Andersen.
The teachers hope the project will help the students learn the value of giving early in their lives.


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How To Drain Diesel Exhaust Fluid
In theory, you should never have to drain your vehicle's diesel exhaust fluid. But if your DEF tank has become polluted from dirt, pollen, or other elements, you'll find that draining and refilling it with new fluid is necessary. If you are wondering how to accomplish this, we can help. We researched diesel exhaust fluid tanks from multiple professional sources, so you'll know what steps to take.
The most effective method to drain diesel exhaust fluid is to use an approved siphon. You will be able to drain the fluid by:
 - Installing the siphon
 - Pumping the siphon until it begins to empty the diesel exhaust fluid
 - Filling the tank with new diesel exhaust fluid
Now that we know the steps for training a diesel exhaust fluid tank, we'll look at each in more detail. You might also wonder if diesel exhaust fluid can be dumped down the drain or a vehicle can work without this fluid. For the answers to these questions and more, read ahead in this post to see what our research has uncovered.
Before you continue reading, let us say we hope you find the links here useful. If you purchase something through a link on this page, we may get a commission, so thank you!
The hands of a young caucasian man in a yellow jacket hold a refueling gun in the tank on a green car, How To Drain Diesel Exhaust Fluid
A step-by-step guide to draining your diesel exhaust fluid tank
Getting contaminated fluid out of your diesel exhaust tank is easy. You will need to purchase a good siphon, which can be found at almost any automotive parts store. You will also need a gas can, rags for clean-up, and a new diesel exhaust fluid.
Once you have your supplies gathered, you'll be ready to begin.
Refueling nozzle inserted into the tank on a green car with a red taillight at a gas station
Install the siphon
Open the cap to the diesel exhaust fluid tank. It will be to the right of your fuel cap. Carefully insert the siphon into the tank. It should be inserted until it begins wrapping itself in the tank's bottom.
Check all of the fittings to make sure that they are not loose. If they are, they will leak the fluid when you begin to siphon. So double-check to make sure!
Once the siphon has been fully inserted into the tank and the fittings checked, you'll be able to remove the fluid.
Pump the siphon until it begins to empty the diesel exhaust fluid
Run the other end of the siphon into a gas can. As many diesel exhaust fluid tanks are five gallons, you'll want to make sure your gas can is at least this big.
Gently pump the siphon until a steady stream of diesel exhaust fluid begins to be expelled into the gas can. This can take a bit of time to empty, so be patient.
When the tank is close to being empty, the stream of fluid will begin to slow considerably. You may have to wiggle the siphon hose so that it can get more fluid into it.
Fill the tank with new diesel exhaust fluid.
Once your tank has been drained, you can put new diesel exhaust fluid into it. Using a funnel, carefully pour the new fluid into the tank. Once full, be sure to tighten its cap.
Start your truck and drive it to make sure that your diesel exhaust fluid light comes off. It should stop illuminating after no more than 30 miles.
Use the rags to clean up any spills or drips.
Properly dispose of your contaminated diesel exhaust fluid, and you're all done!
For a video tutorial on how to siphon the diesel exhaust fluid tank, watch the one below:
Can diesel exhaust fluid be dumped down a drain?
You might be tempted to just dump your old diesel exhaust fluid down the drain in your garage when you need to dispose of it. Many of the fluids from your vehicle pose a serious risk to the environment if you do this. So does diesel exhaust fluid have the same negative impacts?
Composed of 65 percent distilled water and 35 percent urea, diesel exhaust fluid is not classified as a hazardous material. Urea is a fertilizer derivative, which doesn't make it necessarily harmful to the water table if it's dumped down a drain.
But while experts insist that there are no prohibitions on this sort of disposal, many still urge you to take it to a landfill and pay to have it disposed of there. Most sanitary landfills will have a system of getting rid of agricultural chemicals to which urea technically belongs. This can be done at a minimal cost, as you usually won't be disposing of more than five gallons at a time.
Can my vehicle work without diesel exhaust fluid?
If your vehicle has a diesel exhaust fluid tank, you will need to keep this fluid handy. You will get a warning light on your instrument cluster if the tank gets too low. If you ignore this warning, your truck will begin to slow itself.
When your tank gets below 10 percent, the warning light will illuminate. If you let it fall below 2.5 percent, the onboard computer will begin to brake the vehicle. While it won't make your truck come to a complete stop, it will slow you down to five miles per hour.
This will not remedy itself. If your fluid gets too low, you will have to add more to get it running efficiently again. Always keep some diesel exhaust fluid handy and add the appropriate amount as soon as possible after your warning light comes on.
Car dashboard icons
How long is diesel exhaust fluid good for?
How long this vital fluid will keep depends on a few factors. But if it is stored properly, you can expect it to last about two years on the shelf.
Keeping it in the original container, whether it's in a drum or otherwise, is essential. This keeps contaminants from invading the fluid, decreasing the useful shelf life. Any spot out of the sunlight will also greatly help get the most life out of this fluid.
A controlled environment also helps this fluid last. Avoid places where the temperatures and humidity levels greatly fluctuate, ideally keeping it at a temperature of 75 degrees. You should consider the fluid unusable if it has been in your possession for three years or more.
Diesel exhaust fluid or DEF sign posted in a truck stop, next to fuel pump
Should I keep my diesel exhaust fluid tank full?
While it isn't necessary to keep your diesel exhaust fluid tank full all the time, it's a good idea to check its level routinely. This fluid will be used regularly and must be replenished relatively often. As it is mostly water, it is also subject to some evaporation. So how quickly it leaves the tank will also depend on the climate.
We suggest checking the level of this fluid every time you leave for a long trip. If your trips are shorter, it's a good idea to check the levels every time you fill up, adding more if necessary. The last thing you'll want is your warning light to come on in the middle of a trip, forcing you to find more of this vital fluid.
School bus def only sign close-up
Final thoughts
The hands of a young caucasian man in a yellow jacket hold a refueling gun in the tank on a green car
Diesel exhaust fluid can become contaminated, forcing you to drain its tank and replace it with fresh fluid. Doing this is a straightforward process requiring minimal skill and only a siphon and a disposal container. Be sure to keep the diesel exhaust fluid tank levels up, or it will result in your vehicle being forcibly slowed by your onboard computer. Drive safe!
We hope this post on Diesel Exhaust Fluid answered all of your questions. For more helpful information, we suggest reading the following posts:
What's' The Best DEF [Diesel Exhaust Fluid] For Ford F250?
Does DEF Go Bad? [Inc. If Frozen]


Path length
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 (Redirected from Pathlength)
Jump to: navigation, search
Path length can mean one of several related concepts:
In physics, there are two definitions for "path length." The first is defined as the total distance an object travels. Unlike displacement, which is the total distance an object travels from a starting point, path length is the total distance travelled, regardless of where it travelled. The second is synonymous with wavelength and is used in calculating constructive and destructive interference of waves.
In chemistry, the path length is defined as the distance that light (UV/VIS) travels through a sample in an analytical cell. Typically, a sample cell is made of quartz, glass, or a plastic rhombic cuvette with a volume typically ranging from 0.1 mL to 10 mL or larger used in a spectrophotometer. For the purposes of spectrophotometry (i.e. when making calculations using the Beer-Lambert law) the path length is measured in centimeters (rather than in meters).
In a computer network, the path length is one of many possible router metrics used by a router to help determine the best route among multiple routes to a destination. It consists of the end-to-end hop count from a source to a destination over the network.
More simply, in general computer terminology, it can mean simply the total number of instructions executed from point A to point B in a program - Instruction path length.


AdobeStock 79930937 3
The PMCT accreditation process has been designed to obtain information about health service performance of the intern training program against explicit standards and criteria, to achieve the following objectives:
 1. Interns achieve a high standard of general clinical education and training; and
 2. The best possible environment exists for the organisation, supervision, education and training of interns.
 Accreditation is awarded to a health service for:
 1. The overall health service intern training program; and
 2. Individual intern terms
The objective of the accreditation process is to ensure that the training health service complies with the following seven standards:
 1. Health service culture and support for interns
 2. Orientation
 3. Education and training program
 4. Supervision
 5. Feedback and assessment
 6. Program evaluation
 7. Facilities and amenities
The standards have been developed with reference to the following documents:
 - Prevocational Medical Accreditation Framework for the Education and Training of Prevocational Doctors (CPMEC, 2009); National Intern Training Accreditation Framework (AMC 2014); and Registration Standard: Granting registration as a medical practitioner to Australian and New Zealand graduates on completion of intern training (MBA, 2012).
 - The AMC and the Medical Board of Australia have approved on 14 December 2016 revisions to the intern standards and domains and this can be found at
The PMCT Accreditation Guidelines (PDF-395KB) outline the process for intern training programs in Tasmania.


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The Alternative Health Benefits of Tuning Fork Therapy
Today many people are learning about the tremendous benefits associated with alternative health practices. There are now physicians who embrace alternative health practices and advise patients to consider their benefits. One of them many beneficial alternative health practices is Tuning Fork Therapy.
A tuning fork is a long metal object that has a handle with two long sides that form a U-shape. The U-shaped portions of the tuning fork are called the tines. They are usually constructed with steel or aluminum and when they're hit on an object they vibrate and create a certain pitch. The length of a tuning fork's tines will determine the level of pitch it produces.
Using a tuning fork for therapy consists of hitting it and having it vibrate. It is then put next to a spot on the body that needs treatment. There is a mineral tuning fork that can be used to stimulate the minerals in a person's body. There are also cellulite reduction tuning forks that have been proven to decrease cellulite. A crystal resonator tuning fork can increase the therapeutic strength of crystals with its vibration. A variety of tuning forks can be used for many different types of therapy.
In an article by Alan Sales called "Tuning Forks for Healing Therapy" he explains some of the health benefits of using tuning forks for therapy.
"In the case of tuning fork therapy a beneficial process of resonance occurs. This means that if the frequency measured in vibrations per second (vps) is applied by focusing the sound generated by tuning forks on various parts of the body, it can help to establish a new pattern of balance, erasing the detrimental patterns caused by the negative resonance pattern of ill health."
The article also sites documented cases of people who experienced healing as a result of using tuning forks for therapy.
To see the variety of tuning forks utilized during therapy and learn about the many health benefits contact Tools for Wellness.


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|From the Boone and Crockett Club: |
MISSOULA, Mont. (August 9, 2021) – The Boone and Crockett Club and Pope and Young Club have just released a definitive 250-page scoring manual that will serve as the guide to the processes and procedures to correctly assign a Boone and Crockett or Pope and Young score to any Fair Chase® big game trophy.
The manual, How to Score North American Big Game, is an effort to simplify and streamline the big game scoring process. Members of both Clubs' records committees spent years collaborating and refining the manual.
"Because Boone and Crockett and Pope and Young both have missions to maintain records of big game animals for use by wildlife managers and hunters alike, it just made sense that we work together to produce one, definitive scoring manual," said Justin Spring, director of Big Game Records of the Boone and Crockett Club.
Measuring the antlers, horns and heads of big game animals and publishing those measurements began more than a century ago by members of the Boone and Crockett Club. These records originally were developed as a means of recording data on species thought to be going extinct from habitat loss and unregulated harvest. Today, Boone and Crockett Club records remain a way to gauge the success of conservation and wildlife management programs. In addition to its prestigious history and tradition, Boone and Crockett scoring is strongly associated with the highest tenets of fair chase and hunting ethics. While the Boone and Crockett Club accepts entries taken with any legal weapon, the Pope and Young Club was founded in 1961 to maintain the records of animals taken with only bow and arrow. "Since the Pope and Young Club began documenting archery taken animals over 60 years ago, we have always utilized the Boone and Crockett scoring system," noted Roy Grace, records chairman of the Pope and Young Club. "While there are subtle differences between our two Clubs regarding minimum entry requirements, velvet entries, and others, our measuring procedures are nearly identical. This joint manual is long overdue and was a 'work in progress' for several years. Joint measurers will no longer have to refer to two separate manuals when measuring for either club. I'm fairly certain that the founder of the Pope and Young Club, Glenn St. Charles, would be proud to see what our two organizations have finally accomplished!" The new scoring manuals are available at _URL_ for $45. In addition, scoring instructions and worksheets for specific categories are available as downloadable PDFs for $10 each.
About the Boone and Crockett Club Founded by Theodore Roosevelt in 1887, the Boone and Crockett Club promotes guardianship and visionary management of big game and associated wildlife in North America. The Club maintains the highest standards of fair chase sportsmanship and habitat stewardship. Member accomplishments include enlarging and protecting Yellowstone and establishing Glacier and Denali national parks, founding the U.S. Forest Service, National Park Service and National Wildlife Refuge System, fostering the Pittman-Robertson and Lacey Acts, creating the Federal Duck Stamp program, and developing the cornerstones of modern game laws. The Boone and Crockett Club is headquartered in Missoula, Montana. For details, visit _URL_.


store cannot be directly connected to another data store A data store cannot be directly connected to an external entity A data store can pass data to, or receive data from a process A process can pass data to and receive data from another process Data must flow from external entity to a process and then be passed onto anther process or a data store
A matrix for the above rules is show in Fig 5 below
Process Store
Yes No
Yes Yes
Yes No
Fig 5 ERD Rules
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There are different levels of DFDs depending on the level of detail shown Level 0 or context diagram The context diagram shows the top-level process, the whole system, as a single process rectangle. It shows all external entities and all data flows to and from the system. Analysts draw the context diagram first to show the high-level processing in a system. An example of a Context Diagram is shown in Fig 6 below:
Customer
customer details new car details Customer Order Details
Management Bilbos Car Sales
invoice details
monthly report details
staff details updated customer details Management
Customer
Fig 6 Context Diagram for a Car Sales System Level 1 DFD This level of DFD shows all external entities that are on the context diagram, all the highlevel processes and all data stores used in the system. Each high-level process may contain sub-processes. These are shown on lower level DFDs.
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A Level 1 DFD for the Car Sales scenario is shown in Fig 7 below:
1 Add New Customer 2 Create Monthly Sales Report monthly report details * Management
customer details Customer
D3 customer details customer details customer details sales details
Sales
Customer updated customer details customer details D1 Customer D3 5 Update Customer * Sales sales details updated customer details customer details D2 Car customer details sales details invoice details car details D1 Customer
car details car details 3 Add New Sale Customer Order Details 4 staff details Add New Car Details new car details * Management car details 6 Create Customer Invoice
D4 Customer
Staff
staff details 7 Add Staff Details * staff details Management
Fig 7 Level 1 DFD for a Car Sales System
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Level 2 DFDs Each Level 1 DFD process may contain further internal processes. These are shown on the Level 2 DFD. The numbering system used in the Level 1 DFD is continued and each process in the Level 2 DFD is prefixed by the Level 1 DFD number followed by a unique number for each process i.e. for process 1, sub processes 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 etc see fig 8 below
3 Customer
Add New Sale 3.3 3.1 Validate Order * validated order details validated staff dets 3.2 Generate New Sale D4 * Staff staff details Add staff to order
Customer Order Details
customer details car details
D1
Customer
car details
sales details
D2
Car
D3
Sales
Fig 8 Level 2 DFD for Level 1 Process Add New Sale Each of the Level 2 DFDs could also have sub-processes and could be decomposed further into lower level DFDs i.e. 1.1.1, 1.1.2, 1.1.3 etc More than 3 levels for a DFD would become unmanageable. Lowest Level DFDs and Process Specification Once the DFD has been decomposed into its lowest level, each of the lower level DFDs can be described using pseudo-code (structured English), flow chart or similar process specification method that can be used by a programmer to code each process or function. For example, the Level 2 DFD for the Add New Sale process could be described as being a process that contains 3 sub-processes, Validate Order, Add Staff to Order and Generate New Sale. The structured English could be written thus: Open Customer File If existing customer Check Customer Details Else Add customer details
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End If Open Car File If car available then Open Sale File Add customer to sale Set car to unavailable Add car to sale Add staff details Calculate price Generate Invoice Close Sale File Close Customer File Close Car File Inform User of successful sale exit process Else Inform User of problem exit process Close Customer File Close Car File End If The above example is not carved in stone as the analyst may decide to write separate functions to validate customer and car details and that the Generate New Sale process could include other sub-processes. All that matters is that the underlying processing logic solves the problem. For example, if you look at Figure 8 there is a process named Validate Order, which has a duel purpose of checking both the customer details (is customer a current customer, if not add to customer file) and the car details (is car available, if not stop the sale process). A separate process called Validate Order could be created, but I have written the structured English to show a logical sequence that shows that, only if the car is available do we begin the transaction of creating the sale. I have also assumed that the staff dealing with the sale will know their own details so there would not be a need for the process named Add Staff to Order. Like all analysis and design processes, the process of producing DFDs and writing structured English is an iterative process 31
7. Explain coding techniques and types of codes? It is required that information must be encoded into signals before it can be transported across communication media. In more precise words we may say that the waveform pattern of voltage or current used to represent the 1s and 0s of a digital signal on a transmission link is called digital to digital line encoding. There are different encoding schemes available: Digltal-to-Digltal Encoding It is the representation of digital information by a digital signal.
There are basically following types of digital to-digital encoding available like: Unipolar Polar Bipolar. Unipolar Unipolar encoding uses only one level of value 1 as a positive value and 0 remains Idle. Since unipolar line encoding has one of its states at 0 Volts, its also called Return to Zero (RTZ) as shown in Figure. A common example of unipolar line encoding is the 11'L logic levels used in computers and digital logic.
Unipolar encoding represents DC (Direct Current) component and therefore, ca.'1nottravel through media such as microwaves or transformers. It has low noise margin and needs extra hardware for synchronization purposes. It is well suited where the signal path is short. For long distances, it produces stray capacitance in the transmission medium and therefore, it never returns to zero as shown in Figure.
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Polar Polar encoding uses two levels of voltages say positive and negative. For example, the RS:232D interface uses Polar line encoding. The signal does not return to zero; it is either a positive voltage or a negative voltage. Polar encoding may be classified as nonreturn to zero (NRZ), return to zero (RZ) and biphase. NRZ may be further divided into NRZL and NRZI. Biphase has also two different categories as Manchester and Differential Manchester encoding. Polar line encoding is the simplest pattern that eliminates most of the residua! DC problem. Figure shows the Polar line encoding. It has the same problem of synchronization as that of unipolar encoding. The added benefit of polar encoding is that it reduces the power required to transmit the signal by one-half.
Non-Return to Zero (NRZ) In NRZL, the level of the signal is 1 if the amplitude is positive and 0 in case of negative amplitude. In NRZI, whenever a positive amplitude or bit I appears in the signal, the signal gets inverted, Figure explains the concepts of NRZ-L and NRZI more precisely.
33
Return to Zero (RZ) RZ uses three values to represent the signal. These are positive, negative, and zero. Bit 1is represented when signal changes from positive to zero. Bit 0 is represented when signal changes from negative to zero. Figure explains the RZ concept.
Biphase Biphase is implemented in two different ways as Manchester and Differential Manchester encoding. In Manchester encoding, transition happens at the middle of each bit period. A low to high transition represents a 1 and a high to low transition represents a 0.In case of Differential Manchester encoding, transition occurs at the beginning of a bit time, which represents a zero. These encoding can detect errors during transmission because of the transition during every bit period. Therefore, the absence of a transition would indicate an error condition.
34
They have no DC component and there is always a transition available for synchronizing receives and transmits clocks. Bipolar Bipolar uses three voltage levels. These are positive, negative, and zero. Bit 0 occurs at zero level of amplitude. Bit 1 occurs alternatively when the voltage level is either positive or negative and therefore, also called as Alternate Mark Inversion (AMI). There is no DC component because of the alternate polarity of the pulses for Is. Figure describes bipolar encoding.
Analog to Digital Analog to digital encoding is the representation of analog information by a digital signal. These include PAM (Pulse Amplitude Modulation), and PCM (Pulse Code Modulation). Digital to Analog These include ASK (Amplitude Shift Keying), FSK (Frequency Shift Keying), PSK (Phase Shift Keying), QPSK (Quadrature Phase Shift Keying), are QAM (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation). Analog to Analog These are Amplitude modulation, Frequency modulation and Phase modulation techniques, Codecs (Coders and Decoders) Codec stands for coders/decompression in data communication. The reverse conversion of analog to digital is necessary in situations where it is advantageous to send analog information across a digital circuit. Certainly, this is often the case


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Proofing Dough in the Instant Pot creates the perfect, enclosed environment for yeast dough to ferment at a consistent temperature. This builds the gluten structure, makes dough more pliable, and results in optimal texture of baked goods. Perfect for Instant Pot beginners too!
Note: this article focuses on proofing yeast dough, not sourdough. We'll tackle that in another article.
What does proofing dough mean
Proofing dough, aka proofing bread, is a necessary step in developing the structure and flavor of yeast dough. Proofing requires dough to rest in a warm, humid environment where the yeast ferments the dough, causing it to expand. This helps develop the fluffy, chewy texture and comforting flavor we love about freshly baked bread and other baked goods.
Why proof bread in an Instant Pot
The Instant Pot creates the ideal environment for proofing. Here's how. When you proof yeast dough at an average room temp of 72°F, it can easily take a few hours to properly proof. The pressure cooker "yogurt" setting, intended for incubating yogurt, provides a steady temperature around 90°F. This proofs dough more efficiently, causing it to double in size in only 45 minutes!
Instant Pot proofing is also convenient because you can set it, walk away, and know that's it's doing its job, even in a chilly or drafty environment. Ultimately, the Instant Pot expedites the proofing process, allowing us to enjoy our baked goods sooner.
What recipes can be proofed in the Instant Pot?
You'll love how soft, warm, and fluffy your dough gets when it's proofed in the Instant Pot.
Any yeasted dough can be proofed in the Instant Pot. I always use mine for this French bread recipe or cranberry walnut bread recipe, cinnamon rolls, dinner rolls, croissants, pizza dough, foccaccia, and donuts, to name a few.
After the dough is mixed and kneaded, it goes into the Instant Pot for flawless proofing. As mentioned earlier, this helps baked goods become fluffy, tender, and more flavorful.
- Pressure cooker - This recipe will require a pressure cooker with a yogurt setting.
- Prepared bread dough - The Instant Pot can proof any yeasted bread or pizza dough.
- Olive oil - prevents dough from sticking to the pot (parchment works too!)
- Pastry brush - Use this to apply oil to the pot (paper towel works, too).
- Lid - rest any lid or plate on top of the pot during proofing. It should NOT be airtight.
How to proof dough in the Instant Pot
Step 1: Brush a light coating of OLIVE OIL inside the Instant Pot (or line with parchment paper).
Step 2: Place dough in the pot and flip it around enough to pick up oil from the pot. Rest the dough seam side down, tucking the sides under to tighten it into a firm ball.
Step 3: Rest any lid on top of the pot. Do not create an tight seal because air needs to escape.
Step 4: Select "Yogurt" button and toggle the "Adjust" button to the "Less" setting and allow dough to double in size (30-45 minutes).
Note: The display timer defaults to 24:00 hours. Adjusting is optional and is done with the "+ or -" buttons. I prefer to leave it alone and use a separate 45 minute reminder (for mobility).
Instant Pot proofing tips
oil substitute - You can use parchment paper to line the pot if you prefer to not use oil during proofing.
using the yogurt setting - Toggling the "Adjust" button to the LESS setting (recommended) creates the perfect temperature for proofing dough. The NORMAL setting may slightly overheat the dough and cause dry spots (not the end of the world). The MORE setting will cook your dough (not in a good way).
lid - any lid that rests on top of the pot works (pizza pan, glass lid, or plate). You can use the IP lid, but set the pressure valve to "Venting". Also, super large dough batches can stick to the lid during rising. My recipes are never large enough for this.
proofing size - Use the markings on the inside wall of your pot to tell if dough is proofed enough to have doubled in size.
Frequently asked questions
If your pressure cooker has a yogurt setting, you can proof bread dough in it. Look for the yogurt 'button' on the display panel.
As long as you have a pressure cooker with a setting that holds food at about 90°F, you can effectively proof dough in that cooker. Otherwise, you can use the "Keep warm" function for a few minutes to warm the pot, then shut it off and add the dough to the pot where it will benefit from the residual heat.
You need to rise the dough in the pot until it doubles in size. This process takes 30-45 minutes to proof simple yeast bread recipes such as soft French bread.
It depends. If the final bread shape and baking pan fits inside the pot, go for it! Typically though, the shape and size are too large to fit in the pot and require a different proofing method.
Proofing Dough in the Instant Pot
- Olive Oil (to coat surface) or parchment paper
- Bread Dough * see recipe footnote about dough amount
Note: This is NOT a pressure-cooking method and the Instant Pot locking lid is not required.
- Brush a light coating of OLIVE OIL inside the Instant Pot (or line with parchment paper).
- Place dough in the pot and roll it around to pick up oil from the pot.
- Rest the dough seam side down, tucking the sides under to tighten it into a firm ball.
- Rest ANY lid on top of the pot. Do not use the Instant Pot locking lid or any object that creates a tight seal – the air needs to escape during the proofing process.
- Select "Yogurt" button, then toggle the "Adjust" button to the "Less" setting. Adjust the display timer to 45 minutes. During this time, yeast dough will double in size.
- Transfer dough out of the pot and, if further proofing is indicated on the recipe, repeat this process from step #1.
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Nutrition information is provided as a courtesy for general reference. Please consult a preferred dietary source for specific dietary information.


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oa Fundamina : A Journal of Legal History - Romeinse reg en regsgeskiedenis in die LlB-kurrikulum
In this article it is argued that Roman law and legal history should remain part of the LLB curriculum of South African universities - at least those which aspire to develop wellrounded, confident and educated graduates who can hold their own in an increasingly globalised society. In fact, both the SAQA minimum outcomes for the LLB degree and the practice requirements for LLB graduates (as indicated in the CHE report on the LLB curriculum 2010) place a high premium on a sound understanding of the fundamental principles of South African law and the ability to do research. SAQA mentions in particular that LLB graduates should be able to do comparative and legal historical research. A knowledge of Roman law and legal history is essential for the development of these competencies.
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Animal Assisted Therapy
Country Crossroads Counseling is one of only a few places in the Kansas City, MO, area that offers animal assisted therapy with both dogs and horses.
Animal assisted therapy is a special form of therapy that can be used in conjunction with another form of counseling such as individual or family. This is a process in which the client and therapist incorporate animals into the psychotherapy process. The incorporation of animals in the therapy session can range from grooming a horse, playing fetch with a dog, or simply having the dog in the room to pet during the therapy session.
Since this a form of therapy that involves dogs or horses, each session is likely to have different activities depending on the needs of the individual and animals. Country Crossroad Counseling, LLC can incorporate the use of dogs or horses depending on the client's preference.
Animal assisted therapy can provide numerous benefits such as decreased stress levels, reduced anger and aggression, improved social interactions, and self-empowerment.
Animal assisted therapy has been proven to benefit not only the human individuals involved, but also the animals. According to studies between horses and humans and then dogs and humans, both beings experience positive results from the attention received from the other.
Contact us here to set up an animal assisted therapy session.


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A Nigerian bishop has told UK politicians that prayer is the key to combating jihadist groups in Africa.
Bishop Oliver Dashe Doeme made this claim while speaking at the launch of Aid to the Church in Need's Religious Freedom in the World: Africa Update in the UK Parliament.
Bishop Doeme shared his experience from his work in the Diocese of Maiduguri: "The biggest source of hope, the greatest weapon we have against groups like Boko Haram, is prayer. Prayer has turned the tide against the terrorists in the north-east of Nigeria.
"In my diocese, we started a Rosary campaign in 2013 and since then, thousands of terrorists have surrendered their weapons. Many displaced people have returned home and the situation has improved.
"It is only through prayer that we will win the war we are fighting. Our fight is, first and foremost, a spiritual battle."
The bishop urged UK politicians to encourage the Nigerian government to take stronger action against extremism, including support for those displaced by terrorist activities. He also called for independent bodies to be allowed to investigate alleged atrocities.
Aid to the Church in Need's report highlighted a surge of violence by jihadist groups across sub-Saharan Africa. It cited a 2023 study showing that violent incidents by militant Islamists accounted for 77% of all reported violent events across Africa in 2022.


Abstract
Technologies cannot help improve personal health if individuals do not use them. Information systems discipline has a strong heritage of technology adoption research. This case study introduces a behavior change support system (BCSS) aimed at improving health and well-being. Hermeneutics is used as a methodological approach to analyze open-ended responses from participants who had had an electronic health check but did not activate the following electronic health coaching. The data consist of textual feedback from a total of 2543 respondents. This article investigates the anomalies related to consumers' non-adoption of a BCSS. The research question addressed in this study is: What can anomalies reveal about BCSS acceptance? According to our findings, a positive attitude toward the system does not automatically increase acceptance. Usefulness of the electronic health system can be seen from a self-development perspective rather than from instrumental value. Credibility of the system, usability, and technical issues are also important for BCSS acceptance. This study brings new insights to the research fields of technological acceptance and persuasive technology; additionally, it provides a valuable example of a hermeneutics methodology and how new knowledge can be retrieved studying anomalies.
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Is Frozen Dead Oyster Safe to Eat in India?
Seafood is a popular choice among food enthusiasts across the globe, and India is no exception. With its vast coastline, the country offers a rich variety of seafood, including oysters. However, a common question that arises among many is whether it is safe to consume frozen dead oysters in India. This article aims to address this concern and provide a comprehensive understanding of the safety and precautions associated with consuming frozen oysters in India.
Oysters are a type of shellfish that are enjoyed both raw and cooked. They are a rich source of vitamins, minerals, and proteins. However, they are also highly perishable and can harbor harmful bacteria if not handled and stored properly.
Is it Safe to Eat Frozen Dead Oysters?
Generally, it is safe to eat frozen oysters, provided they have been frozen properly and thawed under controlled conditions. Freezing oysters can kill harmful bacteria and parasites, making them safer to eat. However, it is crucial to ensure that the oysters were alive before they were frozen. Dead oysters can harbor harmful bacteria, which can lead to foodborne illnesses.
How to Ensure the Safety of Frozen Oysters?
Always buy from a reputable source: Ensure that the oysters are sourced from a reliable and certified supplier. This reduces the risk of contamination.
Check for freshness: Fresh oysters have a mild sea-like smell. If they smell strong or unpleasant, they are likely spoiled.
Proper storage: Oysters should be stored at a temperature below -18°C. Any temperature above this can lead to bacterial growth.
Proper thawing: Thaw the oysters in the refrigerator and not at room temperature. This prevents the growth of bacteria.
Cooking: Cooking oysters at the right temperature can kill harmful bacteria. The U.S. FDA recommends cooking oysters to an internal temperature of 65°C.
In conclusion, while it is generally safe to eat frozen dead oysters in India, it is essential to take certain precautions. Always ensure that the oysters are sourced from a reliable supplier, stored and thawed properly, and cooked at the right temperature. By following these guidelines, you can enjoy the unique taste of oysters without worrying about potential health risks.


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High temperature and high pressure wells refers to those deep wells that have a maximum expected formation pore pressure gradient above 0.8 psi/ft and a bottomhole temperature above 150°C.
The main characteristics of high temperature high pressure drilling differentiating it from conventional drilling operation are as follows:
1. It has higher general requirements in terms of the drill rig and downhole tools.
2. High-quality high-density drilling fluid with good stability and suitability for high temperature and high pressure conditions must be used.
3. A sound well structure design is important.
4. Maintain balanced drilling and good pressure monitoring and control.
5. The range of formation pressure changes is wide, which tends to cause formation pressure sensitive problems.
6. The effects of the formation fluid intruding into the wellbore on drilling fluid performance and well quality must be given great attention and dealt with appropriately.
7. Increased difficulty in regards to well cementing, coring, electric logging, testing, and other operations.
The company has one 3000HP high temperature high pressure drilling system that is being used to provide services to Shell SPDC.


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Prove that $\ell_1$ is first category in $\ell_2$.
I tried to solve this, but had no idea about the approach. Any suggestions are helpful. Thanks in advance.
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1 Answer 1
Write $F_n:=\{x\in \ell^2,\sum_{j=1}^{+\infty}|x_j|\leq n\}$. Then $\ell^1=\bigcup_{n\geq 1}F_n$. $F_n$ is closed in $\ell^2$, as if $\{x^{(k)}\}$ is a sequence which lies in $F_n$ and converges to $x$ in $\ell^2$; we have for an integer $N$ that $$\sum_{j=1}^N|x_j|\leq\lim_{k\to\infty}\sum_{j=0}^N|x_j^{(k)}|\leq n,$$ which gives $x\in F_n$.
$F_n$ has an empty interior in $\ell^2$. Otherwise, if $B_{\ell^2}(x,r)\subset F_n$, then for each $y\in \ell²$, we would have $\frac{r}{2\lVert y\rVert_2}y+x\in F_n$, hence $\frac{r}{2\lVert y\rVert_2}y\in F_{2n}$. This gives that $\lVert y\rVert_1\leq C\lVert y\rVert_2$ for an universal constant $C$, which is not possible.
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You are right, my bad. – Martin Argerami Oct 3 '12 at 18:34
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"Your Safety is Our Business"
At the request of many clients, Safety Training and Consulting has developed a two-part course designed to address the unique environmental dangers faced by people who spend a lot of time in the Florida outdoors.
This Florida Outdoor First Aid course also discusses patient care as well as recognition and prevention of outdoor injuries and illnesses.
- Module 1 teaches your workers vital information about Florida critters, plants and Mother Nature
- Module 2 teaches you what to do when faced with potentially serious Medical and Trauma situations
Below is a PDF of our Florida Outdoors brochure, which you may download and print:
Florida Outdoors - Three Fold Brochure


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Special Needs Registry
The Special Needs Registry allows residents with medical needs and organizations assisting those with social needs an opportunity to provide information to Fairfax County so that agencies can communicate emergency preparedness, response and recovery resources to our vulnerable, at risk and hard-to-reach residents.
The information collected will only be shared with Fairfax County agencies and partner agencies and organizations to improve their ability to serve and will not be available to the public.
Fairfax County defines a person with medical needs as a person who has a high-risk health condition that is either temporary or chronic who cannot manage for themselves in a shelter or evacuation center and will require assistance in performing the activities of daily living and/or will require care for and the monitoring of a health condition. For example: people with mobility impairment; people with condition which make them dependent on electricity; people with medical conditions that will require additional support during emergencies.
Medical Needs Brochure (PDF Format)
Social Needs refers to people considered to be vulnerable, at-risk, or hard to reach in the event of an emergency, but who are not medically dependent. These people may require targeted communication, transportation support, or sheltering in the event of an emergency. The nature of the assistance provided to people with social needs will be determined by the individual, the emergency and the resources available to the county.
Social Needs Brochure (PDF Format)


text: The transverse dimensions of pulp fibres influence strongly their response to the papermaking process, and most end-use properties of products. However, fibre transverse dimensions are difficult to measure. Confocal microscopy combined with image analysis has been used for rapid and accurate measurement of fibre wall cross-sectional area,perimeter, and thickness. Results on kraft pulp fibres obtained from a variety of wood species are presented. They demonstrate how fibre transverse dimensions are distributed within a species, and can be described analytically. Comparison between different species shows that species with coarse or thick-walled fibres are likely to be more heterogeneous. Implications for pulp quality and fibre selection for end-use requirements are discussed.


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The Municipal Authority
of the Borough of Derry
Welcome to the official web site for the Municipal Authority of the Borough of Derry in Derry, Pennsylvania. The Authority currently provides water service to approximately 2,500 customers in Derry Borough and Derry Township. In addition, the Authority provides wastewater services to 1,150 customers within the Borough of Derry.
In 1952, the Authority purchased the water system serving the Borough of Derry and adjacent areas of Derry Township, from the Municipal Authority of Westmoreland County. The water system consists of a 1.25 MGD water treatment plant which treats surface water collected in the Upper and Lower McGee Run water dams located on Derry Ridge. The water is then piped to Ethel Springs Lake. The water treatment plant processes the water from Ethel Springs Lake under Permit No. _PHONE_. The current production is an average of 600,000 gallons per day.
In January 2011, the Authority purchased the Derry Borough sewer system from Derry Borough. The system consists of a wastewater treatment plant which has an average design capacity of .654 million gallons per day (MGD) and a maximum capacity of 1.6 MGD and wastewater collection system.
In addition, the Authority is co permittee with Derry Borough and assists with managing the Derry Borough MS4 (Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System) program.


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Mary McAleese announced as Patron of the National Forum
Today the National Forum for Teaching & Learning launches the Student Led 'Teaching Hero' Awards in Higher Education. These Awards will recognise and celebrate students' experiences of great teaching throughout all higher education institutions. This launch is accompanied by the announcement that Prof Mary McAleese will provide invaluable support as the first official Patron of the National Forum. The Forum's mission is to work in collaboration with all higher education institutions to enhance the quality of the learning experience for students.
Prof Sarah Moore Chair of the National Forum said:
'The launch of these awards is a very significant initiative: it highlights the importance of showcasing and sharing examples of best practice, it puts the student voice at the centre of our work and it will help to provide both inspiration and information for our enhancement mandate. Excellent teachers do more than come to lectures prepared. They set us on career paths, share their passion and they inspire and challenge learners in all sorts of ways. Each of us can remember a teacher that made a lasting difference in our lives.
These awards provide students with the opportunity to nominate teachers, who have demonstrated excellence in their teaching and impacted their students' lifelong learning. We are honoured that Mary McAleese has come on board as our Patron. Her chairmanship of the Modernisation of Higher Education in Europe Group has provided a vital blueprint for developing teaching and learning. As an individual she exemplifies lifelong learning and we warmly welcome her support as we work towards our goal of enhancing the quality of the learning experience for all students in Irish higher education."
Mary McAleese said:
"I am delighted to endorse the establishment of Ireland's new National Forum for the Enhancement of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education. Quality teaching and learning depends on dedicated individuals and dedicated institutions supported by policies that put teaching and learning at the core. As patron of the National Forum, I look forward to bringing that vision to life".
The objectives of the Forum's awards are to showcase, strengthen and value teaching excellence in higher education at a national level. Between now and May many thousands of students in higher education institutions both public and private have the opportunity to nominate their teachers that have made a real difference at a key transition in their learning journey through higher education. Perhaps it was when they first started college, changed courses, moved country to attend college or when they returned to education after a long absence. ('teacher' includes all those that are involved in teaching in higher education e.g. supervisors, librarians, tutors, technicians, instructors as well as lecturing staff). Award winners will be announced in June, the Awards will be presented by Prof. McAleese this autumn at a ceremony in Dublin.
For further information on the National Forum please visit _URL_


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There is a big difference between' junk food' calories and calories from a healthy meal 11 cheap and easy high protein homemade snacks tags. Best answer: well, there are many things you can compare and contrast when it comes to fast food vs home-cooked meals such things are convenience, nutrition, cost, portion control, emotional impact, etc. What is the difference between fast food and junk food the set of fast food can include a quick green leafy salad with a light oil-and-vinegar home-made. If we compare fast food vs home-cooked meals nutritional values, fast food is high in salt, artery-clogging cholesterol, and calories a single meal at a fast food chain can cost you all the calories you consume in a day. Fast food and home-made food have considerable dissimilarities in preparation time, convenience, and quality nowadays, fast food attracts people more than home-made food does it's known as the food that you don't have to prepare.
2 differentiate between junk & healthy food 3 the price difference between healthy food cost comparison although fast food can be cheaper than following a. The similarities and differences between fast food restaurants and home-cooked meals today everyone is working, so you probably won't find a hot meal in the kitchen everyday - the similarities and differences between fast food restaurants and home-cooked meals introduction. Winston pettit instructor rebecca starring english 1101 compare and contrast essay food home cooked vs fast food there are some people that would prefer.
Benefits of fast food restaurants in the united states, the popularity of fast food restaurants is growing every day now days, people can buy a whole meal in fast food restaurants for between 6 to 7 dollars. Fast casual versus fast food the chart below shows the difference between fast food foot traffic and fast casual foot traffic since 2009 -- all numbers are year over year: compare brokers. Write a 1,050- to 1,400-word final draft of your compare-and-contrast essay compare and contrast fast food vs home made food transitions within and between. Fast food comparison faq just in case anything in the above comparison was a little unclear, here is a quick q&a that will hopefully clear it all up and answer any.
What is the difference between homemade food and restaurant food what is the difference between shopmade food and homemade food how do i make fast homemade. Between restaurant and fast food, restaurant meals are often seen as the healthier of the two dining options fast foods are often fried and loaded with saturated fat and sodium until recently. The difference between fast food and restaurants written on 10/22/2014 by tuffy 3 comments i love food and i love eating out specifically in restaurants.
3 the price difference between healthy food & fast food but if you're replacing more and more homemade meals with fast food fare, you could be missing. To compare take like a hamburger from mcdonalds and compare it to a homemade hamburger and see if there any difference also you could do some home cooking your self just make sure you don't burn down the house and compare it to the fast food. We will write a custom essay sample on fast food vs home food specifically for you for only $1638 $139/page nutrition – fast food fast food and homemade food. Why i chose this topic similarities and differences between fast food and homemade food main differences and similarities references-moore, e.
Compare and contrast essay: consuming fresh foods instead of canned foods difference between fresh and canned food is the cost that is involved in. The controversy of whether fast food is superior to home-cooked food has been long in question this essay will elaborate on the similarities and dissimilarities of these aforementioned types of food there are many commonalities between the two the first noticable similarity is that they both. Twofoods is an online food comparison tool that helps you choose healthy foods.
There are a lot of reasons why people choose homemade food versus fast food both homemade food and soul food taste good, however homemade food offers a variety of history, emotions, and memories of different. Another difference is that fast food can be cooked is a short time compare to home cooked meals however fast food needed ten minutes but home cooked needed half an hour to cook yet another difference is that fast food contains a lot of fat, also home cooked had, but the fast food had more than home-cooked.
Although there are some similarities between fast food restaurants and home-cooked meals, there are also many differences between them the first important difference is that the food is more cleaner in your home than the fast food in restaurants. The difference between fast food and homemade meals over the past years people have been eating more fast food sure fast food is good for on the go and becoming healthier ever year. Fast food vs home cooked meals food plays a pivotal role in maintaining proper health making home-made food also saves a lot of cash fast foods cause.


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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Anguillan)
|Look up Anguillan in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.|
Anguillan may refer to:
- Something of, from, or related to Anguilla, a British overseas territory in the Caribbean
- A person from Anguilla, or of Anguillan descent. For information about the Anguillan people, see Demographics of Anguilla and Culture of Anguilla
- Anguillan Creole, the language spoken in Anguilla
- Anguillan cuisine
|This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Anguillian.
If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.


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Abstract The use of wood residues to produce energy and steam in the pulp and paper industry generates ash waste and sewage sludge that contain nutrients for plants as a potential fertilizer. The objective of this study was to evaluate the possible toxic effects of pelletized waste from the pulp and paper industry using bioindicators. Two controlled experiments were conducted with radish seeds and perennial ryegrass seeds: an experiment to determine the germination index and root growth in soil extracts incubated with pelletized waste, and a pot experiment with ryegrass seeds sown in an amended Alfisol with pelletized wastes in which aerial and root biomass production was determined. The results indicate that the Alfisol amended with pelletized waste did not exhibit any acute or sub-acute toxic effects in radish germination. None of the evaluated pellets showed evidence of deterioration in root elongation, including at a 40 Mg ha-1 dose. The highest root growth was with pellet 2, with ash and sludge at the 40 Mg ha-1 dose, which was higher than that in the control treatment (p<0.05). Seed germination was between 93.9% and 100%. The highest ryegrass aerial biomass occurred with pellets 1 and 2 (p<0.05). Pelletized waste from the paper industry exhibited neither mild nor acute effects of toxicity in both radish seed germination and aerial and root biomass production of ryegrass sown in degraded soil.
Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal
Ciencia e investigación agraria v.45 n.2 2018
pulp and paper mill waste
Toxicity of paper mill pelletized waste using germination and biomass production as bioindicators


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A WHO Meeting on the Promotion and Development of Traditional medicine was held in Geneva from 28 November to 2 December 1977. The consultation was convened in response to the considerable interest evinced in traditional medicine at the Thirtieth World Health Assembly in 1977 and in the subsequent requests by Member States for technical collaboration in organizing educational and research activities in this field.
The aim of the Meeting was to assemble expert representatives of the major systems of traditional medicine to work together and suggest a plan of action to promote and develop various aspects of traditional medicine.
The specific objectives were to make practical suggestions on policy guidelines for the provision of materials and techniques, collaboration among different systems of health care, health education of the public, manpower development, organization of health services, the future development of traditional medicine and its utilization, particularly in the national health services, and relevant research.
A major problem for special consideration was the effective collaboration of different practitioners and their integration into an overall national health care delivery system.
The theme of the Meeting was "Promotion and development of traditional medicine". This report follows the discussion at the Meeting and includes sections on:
- Traditional medicine in health care
- Reasons for the promotion of traditional medicine
- Utilization of traditional medicine in national health care systems
- Integration of traditional medicine and modern medicine
- Manpower development for traditional medicine
- Research promotion and development in traditional medicine