MIDRANGE dot COM Mailing List Archive
MIDRANGE-L » March 2013
Re: RUNSQL syntax
On 12 Mar 2013 12:07, fbocch2595@xxxxxxx wrote:
Any idea how to get details of how many records were deleted when
using RUNSQL in batch in a CLP? That would be nice.
As noted in a prior discussion, write a program [even a very dynamic REXX would do] to get the SQLERRD(3) of the SQLCA to identify the number of rows deleted, instead of using such a generic SQL utility.
What I usually do is DSPFD before and after the RUNSQL.
If knowing what the upcoming DELETE statement would delete is considered to be sufficiently accurate, then by using the CREATE VIEW method, the CLP can have a DCLF to read the VIEW to learn the answer. And to review just the count of rows to be deleted instead of the actual rows to be deleted, that is easily done by creating another VIEW over the first. For example:
DCLF DLT_COUNT /* create table qtemp/dlt_count (dlt_count dec(10) not null ; or whatever required to get rcdfmt lvlid to match the VIEW */
RUNSQL SQL('create view qtemp/dlt_from as ( select * from t18pf where joentt = ''CA'' and jojob = ''QZLSFILET'' and jopgm = ''QLESPI'' )' ) COMMIT(*NONE)
RUNSQL SQL('create view qtemp/dlt_count as ( select dec(count(*), 10) as dlt_count from qtemp/dlt_from)')
RCVF /* CL var &DLT_COUNT will now have the value of the number of rows matching the WHERE clause of the upcoming DELETE; i.e. the where-clause encapsulated in the SELECT of the first CREATE VIEW */
RUNSQL SQL('delete from qtemp/dlt_from') COMMIT(*NONE)
RCVF /* force the DLT_COUNT file to close */
MONMSG CPF0864 EXEC(rcvmsg (*same (*)) *pgmq *excp *none 0 rmv(*yes))
RUNSQL SQL('drop view qtemp/dlt_from cascade)')
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Okay, so maybe this is a dumb question, but I'm going to go ahead and throw it out there simply because I'm curious.
What exactly is the difference between say IUPUI and Harvard (Don't point out the obvious, I'm well aware of the primary differences). My question is in regards to the education.
I go to IUPUI and have always wondered, what exactly is the educational difference? Take for example the following.
If I was taking a math class at IUPUI, and had the following equation.
2x = 6. Solve for x.
At IUPUI, the answer would be 3.
At Harvard, the answer would also be 3.
If students are taking classes that teach the same material, why pay thousands of dollars more for Harvard than for IUPUI, Ball State, IU, Purdue or anywhere else? Are students simply paying for prestige? Granted, Harvard and schools like it are known for law and other specialties, but in regards to basic type courses, why pay much more for the same material?
I know that isn't college level math, but that's just a simple example. Math does not change, ever, regardless of school/professor. So what is the difference exactly between Harvard, Princeton, Yale/others and your "normal" university/college?
Any input is appreciated. I've always just been curious about this for some time.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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How to cite this study
Maples, J.N. and Bradley, M.J. 2017. Economic impact of non-commercial paddling and preliminary economic impact estimates of commercial paddling in the Nantahala and Pisgah National Forests. Washington, DC: Outdoor Alliance.
This study conducts an economic impact analysis of paddling expenditures for both noncommercial and commercial paddlers on rivers in the Nantahala and Pisgah national forests in North Carolina. Results indicated that noncommercial paddler visitors spend an estimated $3.2 million annually across seven rivers.
This study is relevant to leaders interested in quantifying the economic impacts of paddlers on water trails. Results should be interpreted with caution as the survey is a convenience sample, meaning that results may not reflect the expenditures and preferences of a typical paddler. Additionally, commercial paddlers' expenditures were calculated by extrapolating from noncommercial paddlers' expenditures, which may lead to an inaccurate estimate of expenditures for commercial paddlers.
Additionally, the mean expenditures for several rivers should be interpreted with care due to low response rates. Finally, the authors do not consider the length of visit for paddlers and how they could affect the economic impact of mean expenditures per visit. However, on the survey, respondents indicated they spent an average of three nights per visit. This indicates an avenue for further research.
The study is located in the Nantahala and Pisgah national forests (NPNF), which cover more than one million acres in North Carolina.
For noncommercial economic impact, the study focuses on seven rivers within the NPNF in North Carolina: Nantahala (8 miles available for paddling), French Broad (8 miles), Nolichucky (8.5 miles), Cheoah (9 miles), Wilson Creek (2.5 miles), Big Laurel (3.5 miles), and North French Broad (8 miles). For commercial economic impact, the study focuses on three rivers: Nantahala, French Broad, and Nolichucky. All are water paddling trails.
The aim of this research is to estimate paddling noncommercial and commercial annual economic impact across rivers in the NPNF. The study was funded by Outdoor Alliance.
- Noncommercial paddler visitors to the NPNF spend an estimated $3.2 million annually across seven rivers.
- Noncommercial paddling tourism supports 35 full-time jobs and $827,000 in job income.
- Commercial paddler visitors may contribute $36 million annually across three rivers in the NPNF.
- Commercial paddling may support an estimated 446 full-time jobs and $10 million in job income. Commercial padding estimates should be interpreted with caution.
Data was collected through an online survey sent to individuals who paddled in the NPNF in 2017. The survey collected information on demographics and expenditures using Qualtrics. Because of these sampling methods, the results may not reflect the preferences of a typical paddler. The total sample was 105 local paddlers who lived in western North Carolina and 307 visitor paddlers who lived outside North Carolina. Using data from American Whitewater, the U.S. Forest Service, and local commercial paddling operations, the authors estimated 40,076 noncommercial paddlers across seven rivers and 199,155 commercial paddlers across three rivers. Expenditures were separated by visitors and residents in the analysis using IMPLAN.
Added to library on November 7, 2023

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


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The mechanics of a power kick_using soccer as an example_
Final ball velocity depends upon several factors. There are, however, three primary determinants in ball velocity:
If the hip of the kicking leg is not fully extended prior to foot plant, subsequent leg swing velocity will be reduced. This extension ("cocking") of the hip (1) allows greater distance for the leg to increase its velocity on the forward swing, (2) stretches the muscles which cross the hip to facilitate their contraction and recoil of the leg, and (3) permits greater rotation of the hip.
If the supporting leg flexes excessively during foot plant, the velocity of the kicking leg will be reduced.
On the other hand, a firm supporting leg "blocks" the forward motion of its hip and increases the velocity of the swing leg.
Improper coordination and sequencing of movements in the kick will reduce possible ball velocity.
The order of events in the kicking leg, following hip extension, are: (1) hip rotation, (2) forward swing of the thigh, and (3) forward swing of the shank. Each of these movements should increase the velocity of the subsequent segment resulting in maximum velocity at the foot just prior to impact with the ball. The action of the leg should be like a whip "snapped" at the ball.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Spatial analysis of daily rainfall intensity and concentration index in Peninsular Malaysia
- First Online:
- Cite this article as:
- Suhaila, J. & Jemain, A.A. Theor Appl Climatol (2012) 108: 235. doi:10.1007/s00704-_PHONE_-2
- 513 Downloads
This study presents the spatial analysis of daily rainfall intensity and concentration index over Peninsular Malaysia. Daily rainfall data from 50 rainfall stations are used in this study. Due to the limited number of stations, the geostatistical method of ordinary kriging is used to compute the values of daily rainfall concentration and intensity and to map their spatial distribution. The resultant analysis of rainfall concentration indicated that the distribution of daily rainfall is more regular over the west, northwest and southwest regions compared to the east. Large areas of the eastern Peninsula display an irregularity in distribution of daily rainfall. In terms of number of rainy days, analysis of daily rainfall confirms that a large number of rainy days across the Peninsula arise from low-intensity events but only contribute a small percentage of total rain. On the other hand, a low frequency of rainy days with high-intensity events contributes the largest percentage of total rain. The results indicated that the total rain in eastern areas is mainly contributed by the high-intensity events. This finding explains the occurrence of a large number of floods and soil erosions in these areas. Therefore, precautionary measures should be taken earlier to prevent any massive destruction of property and loss of life due to the hazards. These research findings are of considerable importance in providing enough information to water resource management, climatologists and agriculturists as well as hydrologists for planning their activities and modelling processes.


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- Add the Split Join shape to your process:
- In the navigation pane of Dev Studio, click Case types, and then click the case type that you want to open.
- In the Case life cycle section, in the process in which you want to add the Split Join shape, click Configure process.
- On the toolbar, click Open process.
- On the Diagram tab, click the Flow Shapes icon, and then select.
- Connect the Split Join shape by dragging connector end
points to connection points on different shapes in the process.Connectors that work correctly are green.
- Open the dialog box by double-clicking the Split Join shape.
- Optional: To provide a unique name for the shape, in the Split Join dialog box, in the Split Join field, enter a new name.
- In the Join list, define when the parent process resumes
Choices Actions Resume processing after all subprocesses are complete Select All. Resume processing after any of the subprocesses is complete Select Any.
After any of the subprocesses are complete, processing of the remaining subprocesses stops and the system cancels open assignments.
Resume processing after a when condition returns a true value
- Select Some.
- In the Exit iteration list, select On when.
- In the When field, enter a when condition that resumes processing after evaluating to true.
Resume processing after a specified number of subprocesses reach a certain status
- Select Some.
- In the Exit iteration list, select On count.
- In the Number of paths field, enter an integer that
determines how many subprocesses need to reach a certain status to resume
Note: Enter an integer that is lower or equal to the number of subprocesses in your process.
- In the Resulting with flow status field, enter a
status that subprocesses need to reach to resume processing.
For example: Enter Resolved-Completed.
- Optional: To provide a link to the Split Join shape step in the breadcrumb trail navigation,
select the Enable navigation link check box, and then configure
additional navigation options:
- To enable users to return to the step after the case moves forward, select the Only allow navigating back to this step check box.
- To enable post-processing or validation when users navigate back from the Split Join shape step by using the breadcrumb trail, select the Perform post-processing when navigating away from step check box.
- Open the subprocess configuration by expanding the Specify a flow rule for this subprocess section.
- In the Name field, enter a clear description of the subprocess.
- On the Subprocess tab, configure the context of the
Choices Actions The subprocess works on a current case Select On current page. The subprocess works on a specific case
- Select On specific work item.
- In the Work property field, enter a property reference in the current work item that identifies the key of the subprocess work item.
- In the Class field, enter the class of the subprocess work item.
- Optional: To specify a clipboard page that holds the subprocess work item, in the
Page name, enter the clipboard page name.
If the case is open as a page on the clipboard, you can leave the Work property field blank.
If the case does not already have a page and you do not provide a page name, your application creates a page named
pyNextObj_1, and so on.
The subprocess works on an embedded page
- Select On embedded page.
- In the Page property field, enter a reference to the property of mode Page, Page List, or Page Group that holds the embedded page.
- In the Class field, enter the class of the embedded page.
- In the Filter by flow field, select the subprocess
- To start a subprocess that consists of a series of actions to complete, select Process flow.
- To start a subprocess that consists of a series of forms to complete, select Screen flow.
- In the Flow rule field, press the Down arrow key, and then select the name of a subprocess to run.
- Optional: Specify what information about the subprocess you want to include in the application
- To link an application to the subprocess, in the Application field, enter the name of the application.
- To provide a diagram of the subprocess in a documentation section that describes a specific case type, in the Case/Supporting type field, enter the name of the case type.
- To provide implementation requirements of the subprocess, in the Specification field, enter the specification that holds the requirements.
- Optional: To display a message in the audit trial of the subprocess, in the Audit note field, enter a rule that stores the audit note that you want to include.
- Configure the second subprocess by repeating steps 6 through 10.
- Optional: To add more subprocesses, click Add a flow, and then repeat steps 6 through 10.
- Click Submit.
- Click Save.


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Avg. Base Hourly Rate (USD)
The average hourly pay for a Charge Nurse (RN) is $36.45
What Do Charge Nurse (RN)s Do?
A charge nurse most often works in a hospital or a similar health-care environments such as nursing homes and other long-term care facilities. A charge nurse is effectively the manager of the department or hospital unit to which they are assigned. Common duties include overseeing operations, monitoring admissions and discharges, and directing and overseeing the activities of the nursing and support staff. A charge nurse also often is responsible for direct patient charge, as well as any …Read more
- Coordinate the activities of the unit and assign work to the nursing staff.
- Institute emergency procedures as necessary.
- Communicate patient status to incoming nursing shift and to physicians.
- Educate the nursing staff on patient care.
- Supervise the delivery of care in a nursing unit.
FAQs About Charge Nurse (RN)s
What is the highest pay for Charge Nurse (RN)s?
Our data indicates that the highest pay for a Charge Nurse (RN) is $NaN / hour
What is the lowest pay for Charge Nurse (RN)s?
Our data indicates that the lowest pay for a Charge Nurse (RN) is $NaN / hour
How can Charge Nurse (RN)s increase their salary?
Increasing your pay as a Charge Nurse (RN) is possible in different ways. Change of employer: Consider a career move to a new employer that is willing to pay higher for your skills. Level of Education: Gaining advanced degrees may allow this role to increase their income potential and qualify for promotions. Managing Experience: If you are a Charge Nurse (RN) that oversees more junior Charge Nurse (RN)s, this experience can increase the likelihood to earn more.


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How do I delete a road in InfraWorks?
Delete is available when you are in "Select Mode". To enter Select Mode, toggle the View settings menu from the Utility Bar, and turn Edit Mode off. Now, when you select a road and right-click, you can delete.
How do I send an InfraWorks file?
- Sign in to InfraWorks and open a local model.
- Click to open the Publish Model dialog box. …
- In the Publish Model dialog, select a BIM 360 Document Management project folder as the publish location for your model.
- Checkmark any proposals or resources that you want to publish with the model.
How do I delete a model in InfraWorks?
From InfraWorks Home: Hover over the model's tile to display , the icon for deleting the model. Click .
Deleting from Manage Online Models:
- Click to display a horizontal menu.
- Click to open Manage Online Models and Scenarios dialog.
- Select the model and Click Delete .
How do I import 3D models into InfraWorks?
Do one of the following: Drag and drop the model file onto the InfraWorks window. Click Manage Content .
To import 3D models
- Click (Add File Data Source).
- Click 3D Model.
- Open the model file. InfraWorks supports FBX, IMX, 3DS, OBJ, DAE, and DXF files.
How do I import Civil 3D into InfraWorks?
To add Autodesk Civil 3D data to an InfraWorks Model
- Click Manage Content. …
- Click. …
- Do either: …
- The Choose Data Sources panels appears and lists which data can be brought in as InfraWorks model objects. …
- Choose the data source types to bring into the model at this time and click OK.
How do I open an IMX file in InfraWorks?
To import Autodesk IMX data
- Click Add File Data Source.
- Click Autodesk IMX.
- Open the file you exported.
- Select the feature classes to import. Each feature class will appear under its respective category in the Data Sources list. For example, imported surfaces will appear under Terrain.
How do I delete a project on BIM 360?
By design, there is no way to delete a project from your BIM 360 account. You can change the status of a project to Archived.
When you open a InfraWorks model what is already modeled?
When you open an existing cloud model in the latest release of InfraWorks, InfraWorks downloads a local copy of the into the cloud model cache and displays the model.


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Quimby - what does Quimby surname mean?
Recorded in the various spellings of Quimby, Quinby, Quenby, and Quemby, this is a locational English surname which originates from a village called Quenby in the county of Leicestershire. The village name and hence the surname is of 7th century Olde English origins, but with a later Danish-Viking overlap. The translation is from the words 'Cwene-berg' and means 'The Queen's Manor', although the 'berg' was later transmuted to the Danish 'bi' meaning farm. The first known official recording is that in the 1086 Domesday Book when it appears as 'Queneberie' becoming Quenby in the records of the year 1242. Who the original Queen was who held this manor is unknown, but no doubt it was associated with the kingdom of Mercia. The recordings of the surname are much later and like most locational surnames refer initially to the lord of the manor. Whether the later nameholders are decended from him or whether they assumed their name when they moved elsewhere from the village, can only be decided by a full genealogical survey. Early examples of the surname recording include Jane Quenby, who married William Beech at St George's chapel, Hanover Square, London, in 1791, but the first known all recordings is that of Ralph de Quenebi, in the Hundred Rolls of the county of Huntingdon, in the year 1272. This was during the reign of King Edward 1st, 1272 - 1307.
Get the Quimby surname meaning widget for your website!
Select and copy the text below in your website's code.


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Declaration of Disclosure Form is part of the Divorce Disclosure Requirements
In a dissolution, legal separation, or nullity action, Both a preliminary and a final declaration of disclosure must be served on the other party with certain exceptions. (see Form FL-140)
Neither disclosure is filed with the court. Instead, a declaration stating that service of disclosure documents was completed or waived must be filed with the court (see form FL-141).
The petitioner must serve a preliminary declaration of disclosure at the same time as the Petition or within 60 days of filing the Petition. The respondent must serve a preliminary declaration of disclosure at the same time as the Response or within 60 days of filing the Response. The time periods may be extended by written agreement of the parties or by court order (see form FL-144).
The Parties must disclose:
1.ALL ASSETS AND DEBTS (see form FL-142)
2.ALL INCOME AND EXPENSES (see form FL-150)
- All tax returns filed by the party in the two years before the date that the party served the disclosure documents.
- A statement of all material facts and information regarding valuation of all assets that are community property or in which the community has an interest (not a form). To be provided in a Narrative format.
5.A statement of all material facts and information regarding obligations for which the community is liable (not a form). – To be provided in a Narrative format.
- An accurate and complete written disclosure of any investment opportunity, business opportunity or other income producing opportunity presented since the date of separation that results from any investment, significant business, or other incomeproducing opportunity from the date of marriage to the date of separation (not a form). To be provided in a Narrative format.
The Declaration of Disclosure must be signed under penalty of perjury under the laws of the State of California that the foregoing is true and correct.
An inaccurate or false Declaration of Disclosure is grounds to set aside a Marital Settlement Agreement.
It is advised to obtain legal help to complete your Declaration of Disclosure.


What is the difference between drupal_get_form() and drupal_retrieve_form()? Can someone explain the difference? I look at the API, but the description seems similar to me.
 - I think one key difference is that drupal_retrieve_form() allows your code to access the updated $form_state as it's passed by reference, however drupal_get_form() just return the $form, not the state. – Felix Eve Apr 7 '16 at 0:32
The difference is that drupal_get_form() handles retrieving, processing, and displaying a rendered HTML form for modules automatically, while drupal_retrieve_form() returns the structured array that defines a form.
Retrieving the form
drupal_get_form() first checks if the form is present in the form cache with form_get_cache(); if it isn't present, it calls drupal_retrieve_form(), and drupal_prepare_form().
Processing the form
drupal_get_form() calls drupal_process_form(), which is the function that calls drupal_validate_form(), and that invokes the submission handlers with form_execute_handlers().
Rendering the form
The rendering is done from drupal_process_form(), which calls form_builder().
In most of the cases, drupal_get_form() is the function to use, such as in the following code.
function node_menu() {
 $items['admin/content'] = array(
 'title' => 'Content',
 'description' => 'Find and manage content.',
 'page callback' => 'drupal_get_form',
 'page arguments' => array('node_admin_content'),
 'access arguments' => array('access content overview'),
 'weight' => -10,
 'file' => 'node.admin.inc',
 // …
 return $items;
The only module I found that is calling drupal_retrieve_form() directly is the Mollom module in mollom_moderate(), which uses it for automatically submitting a form. The code could use drupal_form_submit(), but (as a comment says), "Programmatic form submissions are not able to automatically use the primary form submit button/action, so we need to resemble drupal_form_submit()."
 $form_id = $form_info['delete form'];
 $form_state = form_state_defaults();
 // We assume that all delete confirmation forms take the fully loaded
 // entity as (only) argument.
 $messages[] = "Attempt to load $form_info[entity] entity via entity_load().";
 $entities = entity_load($data->entity, array($data->id));
 $form_state['build_info']['args'][] = $entities[$data->id];
 $form = drupal_retrieve_form($form_id, $form_state);
 $form_state['values'] = array();
 $form_state['values']['mollom']['feedback'] = '';
 // Take over the primary submit button of confirm_form().
 $form_state['values']['op'] = $form['actions']['submit']['_TAG_'];
 $form_state['input'] = $form_state['values'];
 $form_state['programmed'] = TRUE;
 // Programmed forms are always submitted.
 $form_state['submitted'] = TRUE;
 // Reset form validation.
 $form_state['must_validate'] = TRUE;
 drupal_prepare_form($form_id, $form, $form_state);
 drupal_process_form($form_id, $form, $form_state);
 $result = $form_state['executed'];
Your Answer


noise cancellation is enabled by default. Still, it's a good idea to check whether noise cancellation is enabled on your iPhone.
Step 1: If you have iOS 12 or earlier, go to Settings -> Basic -> Universal Access.
If you have iOS 13, then go to Settings -> Universal Access -> Audio Visual Material.
Step 2: Scroll down and find.
Step 3: Activate it.
After activation, you can proceed to the test – call a friend or relative and ask him to evaluate the sound quality. As numerous experiments show it increases.
Problems with iPhone Microphone not Working
Clean the microphone grill
Microphone holes are tiny, so clean them with special care. You should use any soft brush (it can be a toothbrush) to thoroughly clean the grills.
Where Is the Microphone on iPhone 12 - Full Guide for Users
When doing so, hold the iPhone so that gravity does its job. For example, if you are cleaning the bottom microphone, try to hold the phone vertically so that the dirt can easily fall off.
After that, take a few minutes to thoroughly clean the 3.5mm headphone jack or Lightning port.
It's also very important to make sure that you're not using a case or screen protector that partially or completely covers the microphone holes. If so, get rid of them.
Reboot iPhone 12
In the above solutions, we talked about the hardware side of things. But what if the microphones aren't working because of a temporary software glitch!
The first fix is to reboot the iPhone . Yes! An action as simple as turning the device off and then turning it back on can solve a few minor problems! Here is how to turn off iphone 12 pro max.
Give the app access to the microphone location
To gain access to your iPhone's microphones, apps need your consent. Usually when you open an app for the first time or perform an action in an app that requires a microphone, you'll see a pop-up window asking for your permission.
Where Is the Microphone on iPhone 12 - Full Guide for Users
If you select "Do Not Allow," here's how to override that decision.
 1. Open the "Settings" app and click "Privacy" .
 2. Tap on the microphone.
 3. Turn on the switch of the desired app to allow it access to microphones.
Additional method: you can scroll down to the bottom of the "Settings" app, click on the name of the app and perform the above action.
Then forcibly close the application and restart it.
Conclusion
In this article, you learned where the microphone location on Apple iPhone 12 Models (iPhone 12, iPhone Pro, iPhone mini, iPhone Pro Max) is. There are three different microphones with multiple locations: one is on the bottom of the device, the other mic is located on the top, and the third one, the camera mic, is a tiny hole on the back.
They have different purposes, f.e. phone calls, facetime calls, Siri. The mics perform camera related functions or record sound.

How to Show Battery Percentage on iPhone 12 Permanently – Detailed Manual
Although the new iPhone 12 series has the best iPhone features, Apple has made changes to some of the phone's most basic features. This new update from Apple is certainly very annoying, as constantly checking the battery level is a habit for many. While the battery status can be seen, it is not the same as the percentage. Changing the settings in this case does not help. There are several alternatives to this problem. But just to warn you, the battery percentage cannot be displayed in the status bar. Instead, you can resort to other options how to show battery percentage on iPhone 12 permanently.
Is it Possible to Turn on the Battery Level in Percent on the iPhone
All iPhone models, both old and new, allow you to know how much battery has. The difference is that Apple smartphones X, XR, XS, XS Max will not be able to show the data all the time. For the sake of ergonomics, in order not to clutter the space on the screen, the information was "hidden" in the control center curtain. In the new models, you can get the data only from there.
How to Show Battery Percentage on iPhone 12 Permanently -User's Guide
The user will have to call an additional menu through the control center, which disappears after use. In the settings, it was enough to turn on the function "Active percentage".
The ability to see the charge level as a percentage has a psychological effect. As soon as the number becomes less than 50, the desire to find an outlet and charger increases significantly. After all, it means that the smartphone has only a few hours left. According to recent tests, 49% means about 5 hours of operation of the mobile device.
Keep in mind that we are talking about a new phone with a battery that has not been damaged by careless use.
Via Batteries Widget on the Home Screen
If you want to know your battery percentage as soon as you open your iPhone, your best bet is to add a batteries widget to your home screen. Also with the new iOS 14 update, you can choose between 3 widget sizes according to your preference. If you don't like the huge batteries widget taking up the entire home screen, you can choose a smaller battery icon. These options were not available before the iOS 14 update.
How to Show Battery Percentage on iPhone 12 Permanently
The battery widget is very simple and shows the battery percentage indicator of your iPhone and other connected devices. You can add a battery widget by following a few simple steps.
Steps to Add Battery Widget to Home Screen
 1. Go to the Home screen and tap and hold any app or blank space.
 2. When apps are in an editable state, you can see the option to remove the app.
 3. You may see a + sign in the upper left corner. Click on that to add any widget.
 4. The widget menu will now open. Scroll down to find the battery widget.
 5. Once you select a widget, a preview of the widget will be shown, and you can choose any size widget you want.
 6. Once you have selected a widget in one of the three sizes, you can add it to the Home screen.
How to Show Battery Percentage on iPhone 12 Permanently
The battery percentage indicator will appear on the Home screen every time you open your iPhone. But you may find it unaesthetic to add the widget to the Home screen. If you don't want to fill the Home screen with a battery indicator, you can add it to the Today view column. You can add it:
 1. Swipe to the left to open the "Today's View" menu.
 2. Long press and hold anywhere blank.
 3. When the menu becomes editable, click the + icon in the upper left corner.
 4. You can now add a battery widget to the Today View.
You can move the widget around the Home screen to adjust it wherever you want. But you cannot change the size of the widget to your liking, except for the three available options. There are certain external apps that you can use to display your battery percentage, other than the settings on your phone. These apps are available in the App Store.
Ask Siri for Help
Siri, your virtual assistant can help you instantly. Set the "Listen, hello, Siri" option in the settings menu if you don't want to press the side button every time you talk to Siri. So, the steps to ask Siri to check your remaining battery percentage:
 - Say "Hello, Siri" to activate Siri and check the battery percentage.
As simple and easy as this option may seem, it is not suitable for all situations. Activating Siri every time you want to know the time is not the best option.
Steps to Check the Battery via the Control Center
The easiest way to check your remaining battery power without returning to the Home screen is through Control Center. For people who constantly check their phone's battery, opening Control Center is the best option.
 1. Swipe down from the upper-right corner of your iPhone.
 2. When Control Center opens, you can see the battery percentage in the upper right corner along with other icons.
 3. If you want to make access to Control Center even bigger, easier, or you want to scroll down every time you need to check the time, complicated, you can add a gesture to the settings menu so that Control Center opens with a simple gesture.
 4. Go to the settings menu, scroll down to the "Accessibility" section and select the "Touch" option.
 5. At the bottom, there is an option to "Go back to the top." Click on that.
 6. Now you can set the gesture as either "Double Tap" or "Triple Tap."
 7. Choose the option you want.
Once you set the new gesture, you can open the Double Tap Control Center when you want to check your battery percentage or anything else. You don't need to access this gesture just from the home screen. Every time you double-tap, the Control Center appears.
Conclusion
The iPhone 12 is one of the best cell phones compared to its previous models and other phones on the market. Of course, the new battery status update will cause quite a bit of trouble. But there are a few options mentioned above that you can use as an alternative.
Also, when you plug your phone into the charger, the battery percentage will be displayed. There is no other way to check the battery. However, if you notice that your battery is faulty, it's best to contact a professional who can diagnose your gadget. In case you need


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In the X-Men comics, Sentinels are a type of advanced robots created to hunt and capture mutants. They were designed by Bolivar Trask, a scientist who believed that the existence of mutants posed a threat to humanity.
The Sentinels are programmed to identify mutants and capture or eliminate them. They have a wide range of capabilities, including advanced weaponry, flight, and shape-shifting abilities. Some versions of the Sentinels are even capable of adapting to the powers of the mutants they are fighting, making them a formidable opponent.


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Hesperocallis undulata Desert Lily 10 seeds
Seeds Hesperocallis undulata Ajo Lily or Desert Lily. Very fragrant, large waxy white flowers. Narrow, wavy-margined leaves. The unbranched erect stems are typically 12″ to 20″ high. Bulbous plant that blooms in April and May, but may bloom earlier if conditions are right. Native to Colorado desert of Southern California. Grows in sandy soil and hardy in zones 9a-11. The bulbs have a garlic-like flavor and were eaten by native americans. Germination in 1 to 4 months and said to be tricky to germinate.


Q.Over the past five years, I've built more than 30 laminate countertops, and I've never had any problems with them. Recently, however, one of my countertops started to bubble in a few places about five weeks after I built it. I tried taking an iron and heating the laminate, then flattening it with a J-roller until the laminate cooled. This worked, but for only about a week. What could be causing this to happen? And what can I do to fix this problem?
A.Merrill Glos, engineer at Formica Corp., responds: The most common cause of bubbling laminate is dimensional incompatibility between the laminate and the substrate. To prevent the problem, the substrate and the laminate must be compatible — they must respond to humidity changes by expanding and contracting at the same rates — and they must both be acclimated to the indoor environment before they are bonded.
If the laminate is dry and the particleboard is wet, the laminate will bubble when the laminate grows and the substrate either shrinks or stays the same size. It takes laminate about two days to acclimate, if air can get to both sides of the material. For a piece of 3/4-inch particleboard substrate, it takes about a week. The best substrate is particleboard, which has good dimensional compatibility with laminate. Plywood makes a poor substrate, because it is more dimensionally stable than laminate.
Solvent-based adhesives are preferable to water-based adhesives. When it comes to dimensional movement, wood reacts with moisture, not with solvent. Even with proper acclimation, if you use water-based contact adhesive, the water can disrupt the humidity balance by introducing water into the laminate or the substrate. Solvent-based adhesives tend to be more forgiving than water-based adhesives, and do not induce dimensional change problems.
To solve the problem, you'll have to heat up a larger area of the laminate than just the bubbled area. Heat up the bubbled area, as well as the entire area from the bubbles to the nearest laminate edge. This will allow the laminate to slip, adjusting to the change in dimension. After heating, use a 3-inch J-roller to rebond the contact adhesive, rolling until the adhesive is cool and has regained its strength.


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Molecular dynamics simulations of diffusion of carbon into iron
Additional Document Info
Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of diffusion couple tests were conducted between carbon (diamond/graphite) and iron at three different temperatures (300, 800 and 1600 K) and contact times (0, 40 and 80 ps) to investigate the chemical interaction between carbon and iron. Two different carbon structures, namely, diamond (cubic) and graphite (hexagonal), were considered. Diffusion of carbon into iron was observed only when a graphite interlayer was added to the diamond surface. When diamond alone was used, no diffusion was observed. This result provides corroborating evidence that diamond tool wear in the machining of iron occurs via a mechanism that involves an initial graphitization of diamond followed by diffusion of the newly formed graphite into the iron workpiece.


Why do I stick out my tongue when I concentrate? © iStock
Why do I stick out my tongue when I concentrate?
The answer won't surprise you when you find out how much brain power that muscle uses.
Much of your brain is devoted to your tongue. It is a huge muscle, constantly moving, that has to keep out of the way of your teeth, help you swallow and avoid choking you. It's covered with densely packed touch receptors that constantly update the mental map of the shape of your mouth. And your tongue is connected to the brain's language centres so it often moves to partly form word shapes as you think.
All this sends a huge stream of data to your brain. Sticking your tongue out or biting it, reduces its movement and cuts down on this torrent, which leaves more brain-power available to concentrate.
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Statistical Capacity score (Overall average) in Serbia was reported at 88.89 in 2020, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. Serbia - Overall level of statistical capacity (scale 0 - 100) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on June of 2021.
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 serbia overall level of statistical capacity scale 0 100 wb data
The Statistical Capacity Indicator is a composite score assessing the capacity of a country's statistical system. It is based on a diagnostic framework assessing the following areas: methodology; data sources; and periodicity and timeliness. Countries are scored against 25 criteria in these areas, using publicly available information and/or country input. The overall Statistical Capacity score is then calculated as a simple average of all three area scores on a scale of 0-100.
Serbia | World Bank Development Indicators


Productive Club Helping you follow your dream
From A Weak to Confident Communicator - 30 Day Challenge
Day 11 Challenge: Count how many times you start a sentence with No, But, However
You might think you are approachable and listen to the opinion of others. Little do you know how frequently you disagree or shoot down what others have to say.
You do not have to agree with what every little thing. But when you start your response by disagreement, you push away a person from opening up to you. You have your opinion and he has his, so you can listen to a person without disagreement.
Today, you count the number of times you begin a sentence with any of these 3 words - No, But, However. It does not mean you cannot disagree, but you are not allowed to do that when you begin a sentence. You will be shocked to know how much you disagree with people.
Participate in the Challenge


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Hydraulic Properties of Small Unlined Rock Tunnelsby Seppo Priha,
Serial Information: Journal of the Hydraulics Division, 1969, Vol. 95, Issue 4, Pg. _PHONE_
Document Type: Journal Paper
The factors influencing the hydraulic characteristics of small unlined tunnel cross-sections are presented. Investigations were carried out in rock tunnels constructed by the Helsinki City Waterworks for conveying raw water. The length of the Silvola Reservoir entrance tunnel is 1.8 km and its theoretical cross section is 4.5 sq m. The length of the Silvola-Vanhakaupunki raw water tunnel is 7.6 km and its theoretical cross section 6 sq m. Vertical shafts divided both of the tunnels into three parts, in all of which cross-sectional measurements as well as pressure loss measurements for different discharges were carried out with measuring weirs and Siemens Venturi meters. All three tunnels were excavated by the so-called Swedish method in the most usual type of rock in Finland, composed mostly of granite and gneiss.
Subject Headings: Tunnels | Hydraulics | Rock properties | Hydraulic properties | Water discharge measurement | Pressure measurement | Cross sections | Rocks | Urban areas | Water management | Finland | Europe | Helsinki
Services: Buy this book/Buy this article
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text:
noun (plural same)
One of a breed of large white beef cattle.
- Other Cattle Breeds on show include Herefords, Simmentals, Charolais, Aberdeen Angus, Blonde D' Aquitaine, and Limousin.
- The Charolais and Simmental cattle on sale on Tuesday were of good quality.
- The Charolais breed of cattle since their introduction to Ireland in 1964 have made a huge impact on the livestock in this country.
Late 19th century: named after the Monts du Charollais, hills in eastern France where the breed originated.
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|15th January 2024
|Week beginning 5 February 2024
The Victorian Limestone Producers Association (VLPA) was set up over 35 years ago to liaise with government departments and other key stakeholders across a variety of issues that impact the agricultural sector, in particular soil health and acidity. The VLPA has advocated on behalf of the agricultural sector, and its members, on a wide variety of environmental and legislative issues. The VLPA meets with, and actively engages with the Australian Fertilisers Services Association, (AFSA) and other relevant peak bodies. The association reports regularly to its wide membership base on all matters impacting the industry, including issues relating to any new acid soil research, and any issue that may impact on the safe operations of limestone production. The association maintains an online presence with its website that provides access to the agricultural community, a ready reference on limestone sites, and product information.
What economic impact is soil health degradation having on agricultural productivity?


With the increasing tendency of information technology (IT) applications, knowledge integration in organization has emerged as an important research topic for both practitioners and researchers, reflecting the magnitude and impact of knowledge resource in distributed environments. Practically, data, information, and knowledge are transmitted via various media, and integration capability is the antecedent of knowledge integration in organizations. However, few literatures research knowledge integration from the comprehensive perspective of transmission media and integration capability. As a complement to previous research, this study proposes a comprehensive theoretical model of knowledge integration (KIM) by incorporating valuable perspectives of media characteristics and organizational capability. This research model provides a new lens for knowledge integration based on transmission media in organizations by integrating relevant research streams. Furthermore, this robust and new model, which has been applied to a knowledge integration practice of e-commerce platform, can be used to explain the most knowledge integration phenomenon in contemporary society.


Keeping OSHA 300 log can be a challenge
What happens when an injury is disclosed two months later?
Keeping the OSHA 300 Injury and Illness log for your company can be challenging, as in the following example.
A former employee tells you that he or she had just come from their personal physician about a possible work-related injury. The physician recommended physical therapy and provided a prescription muscle relaxer to your former employee.
However, the event that caused the injury actually occurred almost two months prior. At the time the injury occurred, the employee still worked for you but did not require medical attention beyond first aid, nor did the employee seek additional medical treatment.
Now what are you supposed to do? Is this recordable?
If the physician believes that the injury or illness was a result of the work environment, then it is recordable. If the injury resulted from a known, single event, use that date, even if the injury did not meet the recording criteria until a later time. If the injury or illness develops over time, such as carpal-tunnel syndrome, then the injury is recorded on the date it becomes recordable, or on the date it is diagnosed by a physician or other licensed health care professional.
If you have a "contemporaneous" medical opinion, the employer can choose the opinion which is most authoritative.
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This information may not apply to the current year. Check the content carefully to ensure it is applicable to your circumstances.
End of attention
Construction expenditure is the actual cost of constructing the building or extension. A deduction is allowed for expenditure incurred in the construction of a building if you are an owner-builder or you contract a builder to construct the building on your land. This includes the component of your payments that represents the profit made by individual tradespeople, builders and architects.
Some costs that may be included in construction expenditure are:
- preliminary expenses such as architects' fees, engineering fees and the cost of foundation excavations
- payments to carpenters, bricklayers and other tradespeople for construction of the building
- payments for the construction of retaining walls, fences and in-ground swimming pools.
Some costs that are not included in construction expenditure are:
- the cost of the land on which the rental property is built
- expenditure on clearing the land prior to construction
- earthworks that are permanent, can be economically maintained and are not integral to the installation or construction of a structure
- expenditure on landscaping.
If you purchase your property from a speculative builder, the component of your payment that represents the builder's profit margin cannot be claimed as a capital works (special building write-off) deduction.
Some of this expenditure may form part of the cost base of the property for capital gains tax purposes. For more information, see the publication Guide to capital gains tax.
Last modified: 18 Jul 2008QC 16578


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Create Spindump File On Mac Follow
About
A spindump file samples user and kernel stacks for processes in the Mac system. This can be useful if the program hangs, crashes, or is not running well.
How To Create a Spindump File
 1. Open your Activity Monitor found in Applications>>Utlities
 2. Select zoom.us, open the Settings Menu, and select Run Spindump
 3. Wait for the spindump file to generate
 4. Select Save to generate a spindump file to send to our team.
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In a garden in Bloomsbury an interactive sound sculpture is using the movements of pedestrians to evoke the ghost of a lost iron fence. The railings at Malet St Gardens were removed during the 1940s as part of a wartime initiative to democratize parks and gardens – and never reinstated. Using sensor-based acoustic devices, the installation makes evident the absence of railings by creating a resemblance of the familiar sound produced by running a stick along an iron fence.
Through enlivening the stumps of the railings, the project engages with a centuries-old debate about public space and accessibility. It aims to bring these subjects into question, and to promote a critical awareness of the social and spatial history of the city in a way that is innovative, entertaining and accessible to all.
The project has been developed by public interventions, an interdisciplinary collective working at the Centre for Creative Collaboration (C4CC), University of London. It will remain on site until the 14 October.
for more information: _URL_


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Earthquake map shows Tennant Creek hot spot
A new earthquake hazards map released by Geoscience Australia has revealed Tennant Creek is among the locations most likely to be affected by an earthquake.
The map shows a hot spot under Tennant Creek, along with Moe in Victoria and York and Kirwan in Western Australia.
The Minister for Resources and Energy, Martin Ferguson, says the new information should help communities to plan for the possibilty of earthquakes.
''Although these maps do not enable us to predict earthquakes, they will allow engineers and planners to design and locate buildings and infrastructure so as to better protect our communities,'' Minister Ferguson said.
He said he also expects the modelling and data - which is publicly available online - will be used by emergency managers, researchers and the insurance industry.
It may also impact Australia building standards and codes in areas most likely to be affected by earthquakes.
But the information reinforces fears that Muckaty station, around 100km from Tennant Creek, is not a suitable location for the Federal Government's proposed nuclear waste site.
Seismologists from Geoscience Australia developed the map according to the history of earthquakes in Australia.
They said Australia has experienced 168 earthquakes above magnitude 5.0 since 1950, and last year alone, 82 earthquakes were recorded at a magnitude 3.0 or above.
In 1988, Tennant Creek was struck by a 6.7 magnitude earthquake, causing around $2.5m damage.
At the time, senior seismologist from Geoscience Australia Dr Clive Collins said the quake may have been the region's last.
"We would think that the stress that caused those earthquakes has now been released and you wouldn't get another large one but it's something that really we don't know at this point," Dr Collins told 783 ABC Alice Springs at the time.
Read more about the 1988 Tennant Creek earthquake here.
Explore the Earthquake Hazards Map here.
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Latest stories from ABC South West Vic. Including audio, photo, video, recipes and reviews across the region.


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from Wiktionary, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License
- n. A sequence of positions on a chess board, which sequence includes each square precisely once, and where successive positions are a knight's move away from one another.
- n. A similar sequence on a board of any size or shape.
Sorry, no etymologies found.
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Why males are drawn to females with tiny legs
Why males are drawn to females with tiny legs
Which face is much more desirable? You share the tastes of most heterosexual men if you chose the face on the left. It really is a face that is composite or "morph", made of the faces of eight ladies with unusually little legs. The facial skin regarding the right is a morph of eight women with unusually feet that are large.
It is quite a significant difference, isn't it? Females with smaller legs have actually prettier faces, at the very least in accordance with the males whom participated in this research. Therefore do ladies with extended thigh bones and narrower sides, also ladies who are taller overall. Therefore the competition is not also a close one. "These will be the many strikingly various morphs I've ever seen, " claims Jeremy Atkinson, a psychologist that is evolutionary the University at Albany, ny.
Atkinson and their colleague Michelle Rowe measured hand size, base size, thigh length and hip width on 60 white feminine students, then modified each dimension to take into account specific variations in overall height. For every single of 16 body-part dimensions, they selected the eight females because of the shortest lengths as well as the eight aided by the longest, and constructed morphs of the faces. These morphs had been then ranked for attractiveness by 77 heterosexual male students.
The males had been three-and-a-half times as more likely to find the short-footed morph as more desirable, and very nearly 10 times as prone to state it had been more feminine, Atkinson and Rowe discovered.
Likewise, these were significantly more than 11 times as very likely to select the narrow-hipped morph as more appealing, and eight times as more likely to pick the long-thighed morph, the scientists reported at a gathering of this Human Behavior and Evolution community in Eugene, Oregon, final month.
Tough beginnings
Atkinson believes guys find these features attractive simply because they act as markers of the healthier youth. Continue reading "Why males are drawn to females with tiny legs"


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Q100175: Setting up Auto-Save functionality in MODO
This article explains how MODO's auto-save functionality works and how you can configure the behaviour. This is a useful feature to prevent you from losing too much work if MODO crashes before you save a project.
Auto-Saves are triggered at set time-intervals, but only if a change has been made in the scene. The file location, time-interval, and number of revisions are all configurable.
How to setup auto-save functionality
You can enable and change the settings of the auto-save within MODO's preferences:
 1. Launch MODO and then open the Preferences.
 - On OSX this can be found under the "modo" menu
 - On Windows and Linux the Preferences are under the System menu
 2. In the Preferences window, navigate to Defaults > Auto-Save
 3. Here you will find the following settings:
 - Enable - Turns auto-saving on
 - Time Interval (mins) - sets the time between auto-saves
 - Backup Directory - where the auto-save files are stored
 - Number of Revisions - how many different auto-save files MODO will make for each file
MODO will make auto-saves for each file you work on, meaning auto-saves from a different file won't override saves from another. If you haven't saved the file at all then the autosave will be called "Untitled.lxo"
 - If 'Number of Revisions' is set to 1 then autosave filename will match the original scene file
 where 'filename' is your scene name
 - If the revisions are set to more than 1, it will add a number to the start of the filename:
 NOTE: The most recent auto-save will have the highest number at the start of the file
How to load auto-saves after a crash
If MODO crashes, then the next time you launch MODO it will prompt you to ask if you wish to load the most recent save or auto-save (it will choose the most recent).
Alternatively, you can manually load an auto-save from the Backup Directory location.
If you encounter any issues performing the steps outlined in this article, then please open a Support ticket and let us know the issue you are encountering and the troubleshooting steps you have taken so far.
For more information on how to do this, please see the following article: Q1000064: How to raise a support ticket.
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Definitions for xylaria
This page provides all possible meanings and translations of the word xylaria
Princeton's WordNet
 1. Xylaria, genus Xylaria(noun)
 type genus of Xylariaceae; fungi with perithecia in the upper part of erect black woody stromata
Freebase
 1. Xylaria
 Xylaria is a genus of ascomycetous fungi commonly found growing on dead wood. The name comes from the Greek xýlon meaning wood. Two of the common species of the genus are Xylaria hypoxylon and Xylaria polymorpha. Xylaria hypoxylon, known by the common names stag's horn and candle-snuff fungus, is the most conspicuous because of its erect, 3–7 cm tall, antler-like ascocarps which are black at the base but white and branched towards the top, where the fruiting bodies produce white conidia. Xylaria polymorpha, dead man's fingers, often grows in finger-like clusters from the base of a tree or from wood just below ground level. This is a primary fungus utilized in the spalting of sugar maple and other hardwoods. Xylaria longipes, known by the common names dead moll's fingers and pénis de bois mort, allegedly improves the quality of the wood used in string instruments. It has not been linked to spalting of maple.
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I'm new to Hadoop and was curious about the commandline messages from my pig script.
Total records written : 7676
Total bytes written : 341396
Spillable Memory Manager spill count : 103
Total bags proactively spilled: 39
Total records proactively spilled: 32389322
The end result is indicated to be a "Success!". I am still not sure. What do these numbers above mean?
share|improve this question
1 Answer 1
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The first two shows the total records/bytes written to HDFS by your MR job.
It can happen, that during a MR job not all records fit into the memory. Spill counters indicate how many records have been written to the local disks of your datanodes to avoid running out of memory.
Pig uses two methods to control the memory usage and do a spill if necessary:
1. Spillable Memory Manager:
This is like a central place where the spillable bags are registered. In case of low memory this manager goes through the list of the registered bags and performs a GC.
2. Proactive (self) spilling:
Bags can also spill themselves if their memory limit is reached (see pig.cachedbag.memusage)
Back to the statistics you have:
 - Total bags proactively spilled: # of bags that have been spilled
 - Total records proactively spilled: # of records in those bags
It's always good to check the spill stats of your job since lot of spilling may indicate huge performance hit that need to be avoided.
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TerriaError
TerriaError
new TerriaError(options)
Source:
Represents an error that occurred in a TerriaJS module, especially an asynchronous one that cannot be raised by throwing an exception because no one would be able to catch it.
Parameters:
Name Type Description
options Object
Object with the following properties:
Properties
Name Type Attributes Default Description
sender Object <optional>
The object raising the error.
title String <optional>
'An error occurred'
A short title describing the error.
message String
A detailed message describing the error. This message may be HTML and it should be sanitized before display to the user.
Members
message :String
Source:
Gets or sets a metailed message describing the error. This message may be HTML and it should be sanitized before display to the user.
Type:
 - String
raisedToUser :Boolean
Source:
Default Value:
 - false
True if the user has seen this error; otherwise, false.
Type:
 - Boolean
sender :Object
Source:
Gets or sets the object that raised the error.
Type:
 - Object
title :String
Source:
Gets or sets a short title describing the error.
Type:
 - String


Rank of An Abelian Group
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Rank of An Abelian Group
In mathematics, the rank, Prüfer rank, or torsion-free rank of an abelian group A is the cardinality of a maximal linearly independent subset.[1] The rank of A determines the size of the largest free abelian group contained in A. If A is torsion-free then it embeds into a vector space over the rational numbers of dimension rank A. For finitely generated abelian groups, rank is a strong invariant and every such group is determined up to isomorphism by its rank and torsion subgroup. Torsion-free abelian groups of rank 1 have been completely classified. However, the theory of abelian groups of higher rank is more involved.
The term rank has a different meaning in the context of elementary abelian groups.
A subset {a?} of an abelian group is linearly independent (over Z) if the only linear combination of these elements that is equal to zero is trivial: if
where all but finitely many coefficients n? are zero (so that the sum is, in effect, finite), then all summands are 0. Any two maximal linearly independent sets in A have the same cardinality, which is called the rank of A.
Rank of an abelian group is analogous to the dimension of a vector space. The main difference with the case of vector space is a presence of torsion. An element of an abelian group A is classified as torsion if its order is finite. The set of all torsion elements is a subgroup, called the torsion subgroup and denoted T(A). A group is called torsion-free if it has no non-trivial torsion elements. The factor-group A/T(A) is the unique maximal torsion-free quotient of A and its rank coincides with the rank of A.
The notion of rank with analogous properties can be defined for modules over any integral domain, the case of abelian groups corresponding to modules over Z. For this, see finitely generated module#Generic rank.
 - The rank of an abelian group A coincides with the dimension of the Q-vector space A? Q. If A is torsion-free then the canonical map A -> A? Q is injective and the rank of A is the minimum dimension of Q-vector space containing A as an abelian subgroup. In particular, any intermediate group Zn < A < Qn has rank n.
 - Abelian groups of rank 0 are exactly the periodic abelian groups.
 - The group Q of rational numbers has rank 1. Torsion-free abelian groups of rank 1 are realized as subgroups of Q and there is a satisfactory classification of them up to isomorphism. By contrast, there is no satisfactory classification of torsion-free abelian groups of rank 2.[2]
 - Rank is additive over short exact sequences: if
is a short exact sequence of abelian groups then rk B = rk A + rk C. This follows from the flatness of Q and the corresponding fact for vector spaces.
where the sum in the right hand side uses cardinal arithmetic.
Groups of higher rank
Abelian groups of rank greater than 1 are sources of interesting examples. For instance, for every cardinal d there exist torsion-free abelian groups of rank d that are indecomposable, i.e. cannot be expressed as a direct sum of a pair of their proper subgroups. These examples demonstrate that torsion-free abelian group of rank greater than 1 cannot be simply built by direct sums from torsion-free abelian groups of rank 1, whose theory is well understood. Moreover, for every integer, there is a torsion-free abelian group of rank that is simultaneously a sum of two indecomposable groups, and a sum of n indecomposable groups.[] Hence even the number of indecomposable summands of a group of an even rank greater or equal than 4 is not well-defined.
Another result about non-uniqueness of direct sum decompositions is due to A.L.S. Corner: given integers, there exists a torsion-free abelian group A of rank n such that for any partition into k natural summands, the group A is the direct sum of k indecomposable subgroups of ranks.[] Thus the sequence of ranks of indecomposable summands in a certain direct sum decomposition of a torsion-free abelian group of finite rank is very far from being an invariant of A.
Other surprising examples include torsion-free rank 2 groups An,m and Bn,m such that An is isomorphic to Bn if and only if n is divisible by m.
For abelian groups of infinite rank, there is an example of a group K and a subgroup G such that
 - K is indecomposable;
 - K is generated by G and a single other element; and
 - Every nonzero direct summand of G is decomposable.
The notion of rank can be generalized for any module M over an integral domain R, as the dimension over R0, the quotient field, of the tensor product of the module with the field:
It makes sense, since R0 is a field, and thus any module (or, to be more specific, vector space) over it is free.
It is a generalization, since any abelian group is a module over the integers. It easily follows that the dimension of the product over Q is the cardinality of maximal linearly independent subset, since for any torsion element x and any rational q
See also
 1. ^ Page 46 of Lang, Serge (1993), Algebra (Third ed.), Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley, ISBN 978-0-201-55540-0, Zbl 0848.13001
 2. ^ Thomas, Simon; Schneider, Scott (2012), "Countable Borel equivalence relations", in Cummings, James; Schimmerling, Ernest (eds.), Appalachian Set Theory: 2006-2012, London Mathematical Society Lecture Note Series, 406, Cambridge University Press, pp. 25-62, CiteSeerX, doi:10.1017/CBO9781139208574.003, ISBN 9781107608504. On p. 46, Thomas and Schneider refer to "...this failure to classify even the rank 2 groups in a satisfactory way..."
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We report on experimental branching fractions (BFs) for 19 transitions from the three 3d 5( 6S)4s4p( 3P) y6P levels in Fe II, measured in Fourier transform spectra of a Penning discharge lamp and a hollow cathode lamp. The transition wavelengths span the interval between 1600 and 2850 Å. Absolute oscillator strengths ( f-values) have been derived by combining the BFs with experimental radiative lifetimes recently reported in the literature. Theoretical f-values have been calculated using configuration interaction wavefunctions. The new experimental and theoretical f-values are compared with data available in the literature and in databases. The strongest lines measured belong to the UV 8 multiplet of Fe II, which has one ground state transition appearing as a prominent feature at 1608 Å in interstellar spectra. The line is accompanied by a satellite at 1611 Å due to a level mixing, which is discussed in the paper.
- Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology
- atomic data -- line: identification -- techniques: spectroscopic -- stars: abundances -- ISM: abundances


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Precision Time Align is a high precision sub-sample delay that can slide a track forward or backwards in time. It will help you get perfectly synchronized double-tracked recordings completely eliminating timing anomalies and phase issues from your mix, especially on multi-miked drums, vocals and instruments:
- Synchronize signals to microsecond accuracy, up to 1/64th of a sample.
- Phase Invert button fixes mirror-image acoustical phasing.
- Precise Coarse and Fine controls optimize time shift in recordings.
- Perform negative delays, moving the track up in time relative to other tracks in the recording.
- Four different methods for calibrating the signal to achieve perfect signal matching.
- Precision Time Delay also included for use with D.A.W.s lacking delay compensation.
- Much faster and more accurate workflow than trying to manually align in your D.A.W.


text: Abstract:This study presents a numerical investigation of the flow field in a screw pump designed to circulate biological fluid such as blood. A simplified channel flow model is used to allow analysis using a Cartesian set of coordinates. Finite analytic (FA) numerical simulation of the flow field inside the channel was performed to study the influence of Reynolds number and pressure gradient on velocity distribution and shear stresses across the channel cross-section. Simulation results were used to predict flow rates, circulatory flow and the shear stresses, which are known to be related to the level of red blood cell damage (hemolysis) caused by the pump. The study shows that high shear levels are confined to small regions within the channel cross-section, but the circulatory nature of the flow causes an increased percentage of blood elements to pass through the high shear regions, and increases the likelihood of cell damage.


text:
Main Article Content
The paper considers a periodic differential inclusion with an asymptotically stable set. The uniform character of convergence of solutions to an asymptotically stable set is established. An exponential estimate is obtained for solutions of a periodic differential inclusion homogeneous in state vector. Examples of control systems leading to consideration of periodic differential inclusions are given. These results can find applications in the stability analysis of control systems with periodic parameters, in particular, servomechanisms whose elements operate on AC, control systems with pulse amplitude modulation, and systems used to solve problems related to investigating vibrations of milling machines.


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This page takes you through the general steps for upgrading product versions based on Carbon 4.4.6 to Carbon 4.4.7.
Preparing to Upgrade
The following are the specific prerequisites you must complete before an upgrade:
 - Before you upgrade to the latest version of a product, you create a staging database, which is essentially an empty database. Note that you should NOT connect a new product version to an older database that has not been upgraded.
 - Make a backup of the database and the directory prior to upgrading. The directory can simply be copied to the new directory.
 - Stop all the Carbon servers connected to the database before running the migration scripts.
 Note that the upgrade should be done during a period when there is low traffic on the system.
 - This upgrade can only be done if the database type is the same. For example, if you are using MySQL currently and you need to migrate to Oracle in the new version, these scripts will not work.
 - You cannot roll back an upgrade. It is impossible to restore a backup of the previous server and retry the upgrade process.
The downtime is limited to the time taken for switching databases when the staging database is promoted to the actual production status.
Upgrading the configurations
There are no database changes between Carbon 4.4.6 to Carbon 4.4.7. Therefore, only the new configuration options in Carbon 4.4.7 should be updated for the new environment as explained below.
 1. Copy the data from the old database to the staging database you created. This becomes the new database for your new version of Carbon.
 2. Download Carbon 4.4.7 and connect it to your staging database.
 3. Update the configuration files in Carbon 4.4.7 as required.
 4. Copy the following directories from the old database to the staging database.
 1. To migrate the super tenant settings, copy the /repository/deployment/server directory.
 2. If multitenancy is used, copy the /repository/tenants directory.
 Note that configurations should not be copied directly between servers.
 5. Start the server.
Going into production
The following are recommended tests to run on the staging system.
 - No labels


CacheEntryRemovedReason Enumeration
CacheEntryRemovedReason Enumeration
.NET Framework 4.6 and 4.5

Specifies the reason why a cache entry was removed or an entry is about to be removed.
Namespace: System.Runtime.Caching
Assembly: System.Runtime.Caching (in System.Runtime.Caching.dll)
Public Enumeration CacheEntryRemovedReason
Member nameDescription
CacheSpecificEviction
A cache entry was evicted for as reason that is defined by a particular cache implementation.
ChangeMonitorChanged
A cache entry was removed because a related dependency (such as a file or another cache entry) triggered eviction of the cache entry.
Evicted
A cache entry was removed to free memory in the cache. This occurs when a cache instance approaches cache-specific memory limits, or when a process or cache instance approaches computer-wide memory limits.
Expired
A cache entry was removed because it expired. Expiration can be based on an absolute time or on a sliding expiration time.
Removed
A cache entry was removed by using the Remove or Set method.
The CacheEntryRemovedReason enumeration is used to provide a predefined set of reasons why a cache entry was removed or is about to be removed. The CacheEntryRemovedArguments class takes a CacheEntryRemovedReason value as one of the parameter to pass to a callback method.
.NET Framework
Available since 4.0
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© 2015 Microsoft


Set Up User Accounts:
Create a root password and an email address for the Proxmox administration account. This account will have full access to the Proxmox interface and will be used to manage the cluster.
Finalize the Installation:
Once all the settings are configured, proceed with the installation. The process may take a few minutes. After completion, remove the USB drive and reboot the ZimaBlade SBC.
Access the Proxmox Web Interface:
After the reboot, access the Proxmox web interface by entering the IP address you assigned during installation into a web browser on another device. Log in using the root account credentials you created earlier.
Repeat for Each ZimaBlade SBC:
Repeat the installation process for each ZimaBlade SBC in your cluster, ensuring each one is correctly configured and accessible via the Proxmox web interface.
3. Cluster Configuration
3.1 Connect the ZimaBlade SBCs to Form a Cluster
Access the Proxmox Web Interface:
Start by logging into the Proxmox web interface on one of your ZimaBlade SBCs using the IP address you configured during installation. Use the root credentials you set up earlier.
Create a New Cluster:
Navigate to the Datacenter section in the Proxmox web interface. Here, you will find an option to create a new cluster. Click on Create Cluster and enter a name for your cluster. Make sure the name is unique and descriptive, as this will be used to identify the cluster within the Proxmox environment.
Configure Cluster Settings:
Set up the necessary cluster settings, including the network configuration for cluster communication. Ensure that the correct network interface is selected for cluster traffic, typically the one connected to your managed switch.
Generate Cluster Join Information:
Once the cluster is created, Proxmox will provide a command that you can use to join other ZimaBlade SBCs to this cluster. Copy this command, as you will need it for the next steps.
Join Additional Nodes:
Log into the Proxmox web interface on the other ZimaBlade SBCs. Navigate to the Datacenter section, and instead of creating a new cluster, select Join Cluster. Paste the command you copied from the first node and execute it. This will connect the SBC to the existing cluster.
Verify Cluster Formation:
After joining all nodes, return to the original Proxmox interface and verify that all ZimaBlade SBCs are listed as part of the cluster. You should see each node listed under the Cluster tab in the Datacenter section.
3.2 Configure Proxmox to Manage the Cluster
Cluster Management Overview:
With your ZimaBlade SBCs connected into a cluster, you can now manage them collectively through the Proxmox interface. This centralized management system allows you to control all nodes from a single interface, simplifying maintenance and resource allocation.
Resource Allocation:
Within the Proxmox web interface, navigate to each node and allocate resources such as CPU cores, memory, and storage. You can also configure specific roles for each node, depending on your cluste's workload requirements.
High Availability (HA) Setup:
To ensure that your cluster remains operational even if one node fails, you can configure High Availability (HA) for critical virtual machines (VMs) and containers. Navigate to the High Availability section, select the VMs or containers you want to make HA, and set the HA parameters. This will allow the cluster to automatically restart the services on another node if a failure occurs.
Network Configuration:
Configure network settings to optimize traffic across the cluster. This may involve setting up additional VLANs for different types of traffic (e.g., management, storage, and VM traffic) to prevent bottlenecks and ensure smooth operation.
3.3 Set Up Shared Storage and Network Settings for Efficient Resource Management
Shared Storage Configuration:
Setting up shared storage allows all nodes in the cluster to access the same data, which is essential for running VMs and containers across different nodes. Go to the Storage section in the Proxmox web interface and add a shared storage solution, such as NFS, Ceph, or iSCSI.
Adding Shared Storage:
Choose the type of shared storage you want to implement (e.g., NFS for simplicity or Ceph for scalability and redundancy). Enter the necessary details, such as the storage serve's IP address and export path. Once configured, the shared storage will be available to all nodes in the cluster.
Network Bonding and VLAN Configuration:
For enhanced performance and redundancy, you can configure network bonding on your ZimaBlade SBCs. This combines multiple network interfaces into a single bonded interface, providing higher throughput and failover capabilities.
Additionally, configure VLANs to separate different types of network traffic. For example, you might have one VLAN for management traffic, another for storage traffic, and a third for VM traffic. This helps in organizing network traffic and avoiding congestion.
Testing and Optimization:
After configuring shared storage and network settings, test the setup by migrating VMs or containers between nodes to ensure everything is functioning correctly. Monitor network performance and make adjustments to settings like QoS or bandwidth allocation as needed to optimize cluster performance.
Final Checks:
Once the cluster configuration is complete, review all settings and perform a few test scenarios, such as node failover or live migration of VMs, to confirm that the cluster is operating smoothly and efficiently.
4. Final Setup and Testing - Optimize the Cluster for Performance and Stability
Performance Tuning:
Begin by reviewing the resource allocation across the cluster. Ensure that each ZimaBlade SBC is optimally configured with appropriate CPU cores, memory, and storage for the workloads you intend to run. Adjust these allocations as needed based on the performance characteristics of your applications.
Enable Performance Features:
In the Proxmox web interface, explore advanced performance features such as CPU pinning, which allows you to dedicate specific CPU cores to certain VMs or containers. This can enhance performance for CPU-intensive tasks.
Another optimization technique is to enable ballooning for memory management. This allows Proxmox to dynamically adjust the memory usage of VMs based on demand, helping to avoid memory shortages while optimizing overall performance.
Stability Enhancements:
Configure watchdog timers for your critical VMs. This ensures that if a VM becomes unresponsive, the cluster can automatically restart it. Navigate to the VM's hardware settings in Proxmox and add a watchdog device, configuring it to reboot the VM on failure.
Implement redundancy measures by ensuring that critical services are spread across multiple nodes and are not all reliant on a single point of failure. Consider setting up replication or mirroring for essential data within your shared storage solution.
System Monitoring:
Set up monitoring tools within Proxmox to keep track of system health, resource utilization, and performance metrics. Tools like Grafana and Prometheus can be integrated for more detailed analysis and alerting.
Regularly review logs and system reports to identify potential issues before they impact the performance or stability of your cluster.
4.2 Test the Cluster by Running Basic Server Applications
Deploy Test Applications:
Start by deploying a few basic server applications within your Proxmox cluster. Examples include a simple web server (e.g., Apache or Nginx), a database server (e.g., MySQL or PostgreSQL), or a file server (e.g., Samba).
Create a new VM or container for each application and allocate appropriate resources. Install the necessary software and configure it as you would in a production environment.
Functional Testing:
After deployment, perform basic functional tests on each server application to ensure they are operating correctly. For a web server, this might involve accessing a sample webpage from a client machine. For a database server, you might execute basic queries to verify database functionality.
Additionally, test the interaction between different applications, such as connecting your web server to the database server, to ensure that network communication and data exchange are functioning properly.
Load Testing:
Simulate typical or peak load conditions on the server applications to evaluate how the cluster handles increased traffic or processing demands. Tools like Apache JMeter or Locust can be used to generate load and measure performance.
Monitor resource usage during load testing to identify any bottlenecks or areas where performance might degrade. Adjust resource allocations, optimize configurations, or scale out additional nodes if necessary.
4.3 Troubleshoot Any Issues and Make Necessary Adjustments
Identify Issues:
If you encounter any problems during testing, such as performance bottlenecks, network issues, or application failures, use ProxmoxÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s built-in diagnostic tools to identify the root cause. Check system logs, monitor network traffic, and review resource usage statistics.
Common Troubleshooting Steps:
Network Issues: Verify that all network cables are securely connected and that the managed switch is properly configured. Ensure that VLANs and QoS settings are correctly applied. If VMs cannot communicate, check IP configurations and firewall rules.
Performance Bottlenecks: If certain VMs or applications are slow, consider reallocating more CPU, memory, or disk I/O resources. You may also need to optimize the applications themselves or reduce the number of running services.
Application Failures: Check the application logs within the VM or container for errors. Ensure that all dependencies are correctly installed and configured. If a


text:
This paper presents a new analytic model for the estimation of the trapping efficiency of two-stroke engines using an extremely reduced number of measured physical variables. Mainly, the model estimates the trapping efficiency according to the Ostwald diagram, to the molal concentration of carbon dioxide and oxygen at tailpipe and accordingto the mass flow of air and fuel. In order to provide a measure of effectiveness for the proposed model, a use case has been chosen. The model's effectiveness has been evaluated comparing its outcomes with the results obtained by thermo-fluid dynamic simulation of the use case on a 0D-1D commercial code, whose scavenging model has been previously validated by an extensive experimental activity. The present study shows that, for all the cases considered, the model results differ no more than 11% in absolute value from the simulated ones. In brief, the accuracy of the model allows the estimation of the trapping efficiency for two-stroke engines with reasonable confidence, reduced computational effort and time and costs lower than the currently available techniques.
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ideal weight for 152 cm female in kg
How much should a 152 cm female weigh?
The ideal weight for 152 cm female is between 44 and 50 kg.
Our calculations give you an idea of your perfect weight. You can also use the BMI calculator (Body Mass Index). Find here the BMI chart for females in India.
 - Underweight: Below 43 kg
 - Healthy Weight: 43 to 58 kg
 - Overweight: 58 to 69 kg
 - Obese: 69 to 81 kg
 - Severely Obese: 81 to 92 kg
 - Morbidly Obese: Above 92 kg
Figuring out how much you should weigh for your height and age can be a complicated process. A BMI calculator will give you an estimate.
However, there are many factors that can affect this number such as an individual's age, muscle mass and fat percentage. The best way to find out what your optimal weight should be is to consult with a doctor or dietitian.
What is an unhealthy weight for 152 cm female?
The unhealthy weight for 152 cm female is above 58 kg.
Ideal weight for females in kg
Height Healthy Weight for female Overweight for female
146 cm 53 to 64 kg Above 64 kg
147 cm 54 to 65 kg Above 65 kg
148 cm 55 to 65 kg Above 65 kg
149 cm 55 to 66 kg Above 66 kg
150 cm 56 to 67 kg Above 67 kg
151 cm 57 to 68 kg Above 68 kg
152 cm 58 to 69 kg Above 69 kg
153 cm 58 to 70 kg Above 70 kg
154 cm 59 to 71 kg Above 71 kg
155 cm 60 to 72 kg Above 72 kg
156 cm 61 to 73 kg Above 73 kg
157 cm 61 to 74 kg Above 74 kg
158 cm 62 to 75 kg Above 75 kg
How Ideal Weight Is Calculated?
Ideal weight calculation is based on health research and study of population.
BMI formula:
weight [kg]height [m]2
Find more on cdc.gov
Ideal body weight (result in kg) formula:
45.5 + (0.9 x height [cm] - 154)
Find more on ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
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text:
The Sampling check generates a set of features from one or more layers that you can step through to visually inspect. The sample is generated from the feature classes you choose to include based on what is loaded in the map. You can also assign weights to the feature classes, which increases or decreases the number of features for the feature classes that are included in the sample. A value of 1 is the highest weight; 5 is the lowest.
The sample is calculated based on one of the following methods:
- A fixed number of features
- A percentage of all the features in the specified extent
- A number derived from a calculation based on the confidence level, margin of error, and acceptance level
- A polygon grid that is loaded in the map or from a geodatabase
You can choose to run this check on any of the extents that are usually available with checks, such as the selection set, current extent, or the full database.
Once you have defined the criteria for the check, you can configure the notes and a severity rating. The notes allow you to provide a more specific description for the feature that has been written to the Reviewer table and are copied to the Notes field in the Reviewer table. The severity rating allows you to indicate how important the results from a check are in terms of your quality assurance/quality control processes. The lower the number, the greater the priority the check's results have.
- Start ArcMap.
- Open a map document or load data in the map.
- On the main menu, click Customize > Toolbars > Data Reviewer.
- Start a Reviewer session in one of the following:
- Click the Select Data Check drop-down arrow on the Data Reviewer toolbar, click the plus sign next to Advanced Checks, then click Sampling Check.
The Sampling Check Properties dialog box appears. All the visible layers that are currently loaded in the map appear in the Choose Layers list.
- If necessary, type a unique name for the check in the Check Title text box.Note:
The check title can be used to describe the conditions you are looking for with the check. This is useful when you have multiple instances of the same check to validate the same feature classes or tables but with different validation parameters.
- Uncheck the check boxes next to the names of the layers you do not want to include in the sample.
By default, all the visible layers are included in the sample.Tip:
You can click Select All or Clear All to check or uncheck all the check boxes next to the layer names, respectively.
- To adjust the weight, or the significance of the layer in the sample, right-click the layer name in the Choose Layers list and choose a weight option.
- Weight 1 (highest)—The layer is going to have more features included in the sample than other layers with weight values of 2, 3, 4, or 5.
- Weight 2—The layer is going to have more features included in the sample than other layers with weight values of 3, 4, or 5.
- Weight 3—The layer is going to have more features included in the sample than other layers with weight values of 4 or 5.
- Weight 4—The layer is going to have more features included in the sample than other layers with a weight value of 5.
- Weight 5—The layer is going to have the fewest features included in the sample.
- Chose a method for generating the sample.
- Number—A specified number of features from the feature classes chosen in the Choose Layers list is included in the sample.
- Percentage—A specified percentage of the features from the feature classes chosen in the Choose Layers list are included in the sample.
- Auto Calculate—The number of features included in the sample is determined by the following:
- Confidence Level—The level of confidence that the sample size is statistically significant. The default value is 95%, but you can also choose 90%, 98%, or 99%
- Margin Of Error—The acceptable margin of error in the confidence level. The default value is 4%, but you can also choose other values that range from 1% to 10%.
- Acceptable Error—Indicates the acceptable error ratio. The default value is 2%, but you can also choose 1%, 5%, or 10%.
- Do one of the following to configure the calculation method:
To create the sample based on a specific number of features
Click the Number option, then type the number of features you want to include in the sample in the text box.
To create the sample based on a percentage
Click the Percentage option, then type the value that represents the percentage of all the features you want to include in the sample in the text box.Note:
The value specified for the percentage is divided by 100. For example, if you want to sample 50 percent of the features, type 50 not.5.
To create the sample based on automatic calculation
Click the Auto Calculate option, then click the Confidence Level drop-down arrow to choose the confidence level for the data, click the Margin Of Error drop-down arrow to choose the acceptable margin of error for the data, or click the Acceptable Error drop-down arrow and choose the acceptable level of error for the sample.
To create the sample using a polygon grid
Click the Use Grid option. Click the drop-down arrow in the Grid Parameters area to choose the polygon grid or click Browse to load one. Click the Unique ID Field drop-down arrow and choose the field that contains the field you want to use to identify the grid cell. Type the number of cells you want to use in the sample in the Number of grids to sample text box.Tip:
The value you choose from the Unique ID Field drop-down list populates the QC_GRID cell in the Reviewer table.
- If necessary, type descriptive text for the check results in the Notes text box in the Reviewer Remarks area.
If necessary, click the Severity drop-down arrow and choose a value that indicates the priority of the check's results in the Reviewer Remarks area.
The severity indicates the importance of the check result. The values range from 1 to 5, with 1 being the highest priority and 5 being the lowest.
Click the Run Data Check button on the Data Reviewer toolbar.
The Features to Validate dialog box appears.
Choose an option in the Features to Validate area.
- Selection Set—The check is run on the features that are currently selected in the map.
- Current Extent—The check is run on the current map extent, which is controlled by the map scale.
- Definition Query—The check is run on the features that are displayed based on definition queries that have been created for the feature class.
- Full Database—The check is run on all the features in the feature class.
To run the check only on features that have been edited in a versioned workspace, check the Changed Features Only check box.
The Changed Features Only option is available only for a versioned database.
- Click OK.
A progress window appears while the sample is being generated. The results dialog box appears once the check is finished running.
- Choose the Write to Reviewer Table option.
- Click OK.
The sampling check records are written to the Reviewer table.


text:
Definition from Wiktionary, the free dictionary
- (transitive) To make a rude or obscene gesture at someone.
- Would you believe he flipped me off over that comment?
- He was so pissed he flipped off the policeman.
- The specific gestures this term refers to varies by region and dialect.


text:
Study indicates link between heat exposure and labour loss17/07/17Science & Technology
Researchers at the Mediterranea University of Reggio Calabria, Italy, set out to demonstrate the impact environmental heat exposure has on labour loss in the vineyard.
The researchers in Calabria claim the global wine industry represents 0.2% of the world's gross domestic product (GDP). They also claim, even with the mechanisation of vineyard work throughout the world, much of the work to produce wine is still manual labour.
Researchers selected Cyprus for the study, where mean temperatures during harvest are above 36°C. According to the researchers, 'laboratory studies have shown that the above-mentioned amount of thermal strain during grape picking can impair the human physiologic function and capacity to perform prolonged exercise and work.'
The aim of the study was to assess the impact of workplace heat on the work shift time spent performing labour. Time-motion analysis was done by way of a video camera to follow the vineyard workers' movement and time spent.
The study's secondary aim was to determine whether environmental seasonal conditions influenced the grape pickers.
The workers monitored for each season comprised of four males and two females, each experienced grape pickers. Analysis highlighted that 12.4% of their total work shift time was spent on irregular work time breaks. There was from 0.6% to 2.1% increase in hourly work time breaks for every degree Celsius increase in air temperature as well as increase in the worker's skin temperature.
The study concluded that neither monitoring productivity nor the vineyard manager's estimates reflected the true work time labour in these workers. However, the time-motion analysis accurately evaluated every second spent by each worker and it showed that increased workplace heat led to significant labour loss.


Nine-Game Crystal Draughts Dice
Use this to add chance operations in your Crystal Draughts games. Each roll of the dice gives pseudo-random results for four elements.
The first element chosen represents one group from among three groups of three game boards. The values possible are A, B, or C.
The second element chosen represents one game board from among a group of three game boards. Values are A, B, or C.
The third element chosen returns one molecule from all the molecules on one game board. The possible values are A–F and a–f. There are twelve possible choices.
The last element is the atom on one molecule. Possible results are a, b, c, or d.
Each roll of the dice gives you the specific atom on a nine-game-board configuration. Use only the elements you need to for your game.
To understand the notation for the Crystal Draughts game space, read the game manual here.


How we make stuff
 1. The Ellen MacArthur Foundation
 2. Teachers! download activities
 3. Get the book
Where do burgers come from?
When you eat a burger, do you ever wonder where all the different ingredients have come from? They might well have started off on the other side of the world, travelling thousands of kilometres by plane, train and lorry to reach your plate.
Based on the original book 'How We Make Stuff' by Christiane Dorion, Templar Publishing, 2012.
Website text by Christiane Dorion - Design by Harriet Pellereau.
© 2012 Ellen MacArthur Foundation - Illustration © Beverley Young - Text © Christiane Dorion