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The Canada Fund for Local Initiatives – Lesotho (2023)
Current status of the call for proposals: Closed
We thank you for your interest. The deadline for submitting a proposal has now passed.
The High Commission of Canada in South Africa is pleased to launch its annual call for proposals for the Canada Fund for Local Initiatives (CFLI).
The CFLI is a program designed to support small-scale, high-impact projects in developing countries, which align with Global Affairs Canada's thematic priority areas for engagement. The program is directed at projects conceived and designed predominantly by local partners. Projects are selected and approved by the relevant Canadian embassy or high commission. The CFLI also serves to support positive bilateral relations between Canada and recipient countries and their civil societies, by deepening contacts and supporting local endeavours.
The purpose of this process is to select approximately 4-5 projects to be implemented between September 2023 and February 2024. All project activities must normally be completed by February 28, 2024. Projects spanning two fiscal years may be considered on an exceptional basis, depending on the project's objectives and complexity.
The average CFLI contribution is $30,000 to $40,000 Canadian Dollars. Consult the currency converter for local currency equivalents. Please note that all contributions are made in Canadian dollars and then converted to the local currency.
How to apply
- Stage 1: Expressions of Interest are due by April 20, 2023 at 16:00 (GMT+2).
- Failure to submit an Expression of Interest form by this deadline will result in your application not being considered.
- To obtain an Expression of Interest form, please contact the CFLI Coordinator by email at _EMAIL_ no later than April 19, 2023 at 23:59 (GMT+2).
- Stage 2: Shortlisted candidates will be notified by email by May 12, 2023, and will be invited to submit a more detailed Project Proposal.
- The Project Proposal form can be accessed here: Canada Fund for Local Initiatives (CFLI) Project Application for Funding Form (.pdf, 249.15 KB)
- Please do not send us a full Project Proposal unless or until you have been invited to do so.
- Expressions of Interest and Project Proposals must be completed in English or French.
- Expressions of Interest and Project Proposals must explicitly answer all questions on the forms provided by the CFLI team, including the required gender-based analysis. The proposed project budget should summarize the proposed activities and associated costs.
- Expressions of Interest and Project Proposals will be evaluated on the basis of:
- Concision and clarity
- Alignment with CFLI priorities.
- Preference will be given to applicants who have not received CFLI funding in the last two years.
- Each organization is limited to the submission of one Expression of Interest and one Project Proposal.
- Due to the large number of applicants, only the successful candidates will be contacted.
Organizations eligible to apply for CFLI funding
Eligible recipients include:
- Local non-governmental, community and not-for-profit organizations,
- Local academic institutions working on local projects,
- International non-governmental organizations working on local development activities,
- Intergovernmental, multilateral and regional institutions, organizations and agencies working on local development activities,
- Municipal, regional or national government institutions or agencies of the recipient country working on local projects, and
- Canadian non-governmental and not-for-profit organizations that are working on local development activities.
The majority of CFLI funding is to be directed toward local civil society organizations (including non-governmental organizations) and other institutions working at the local level. Other entities, such as international, intergovernmental, multilateral and regional organizations may be eligible for funding, provided they are working with local partners and on local projects that are consistent with the objectives of the CFLI. Similarly, municipal, regional and national government institutions may receive funding, provided that their projects are essentially local in nature. The CFLI is always looking to fund innovative projects that deliver measurable results.
All projects must align with at least one of the following CFLI thematic priorities:
- Inclusive governance, including diversity, democracy, human rights and the rule of law.
- Growth that works for everyone, including women's economic rights, decent jobs and entrepreneurship, investing in the poorest and most vulnerable, and safeguarding economic gains.
- Gender equality and the empowerment of women and girls.
- Human dignity, covering health, education and nutrition.
Within these thematic areas, the High Commission of Canada in South Africa will prioritize projects with a specific focus on one or more of the following:
- Lowering the incidence of gender-based violence.
- Improving access to food, water, and healthcare for vulnerable populations.
- Enabling greater participation in digital and low-carbon economies.
In 2017, Canada adopted its Feminist International Assistance Policy to advance gender equality and the empowerment of women and girls as the most effective way to reduce poverty and build a more inclusive, peaceful and prosperous world. In alignment with this policy, the CFLI project application process now requires a gender-based analysis (GBA). The purpose of this change is to enhance the gender equality outcomes of the CFLI program.
A GBA will require applicants to:
- consider how women, girls, men, and boys are affected differently by the problem their project is aiming to address, ensuring, at the same time, that the project does not cause harm
- consult women and/or girls in the development of their project proposal
- ensure that the views of those women and/or girls inform the project's design
Note that consultations can include, but are not limited to, speaking to women and girls from the local community, women and other individuals who work for civil society organizations that have worked in the local community and female and male decision and change makers who have knowledge of the local community.
Inadequate completion of a GBA may affect the consideration of your proposal.
The following project costs are eligible for CFLI funding:
- accounting costs
- administrative and overhead costs related to the project (overhead should not exceed 15% of total CFLI contribution)
- advocacy and lobbying related costs
- capital and/or operating expenditures related to the lease and/or purchase and/or building of infrastructure
- civic education costs
- conference and event expenditures
- costs of services received by recipients
- domestic travel expenses, using lowest fares possible but not exceeding full fare economy class
- environmental assessment costs
- facilities charges,
- equipment rental, and/or purchase (only when the purchase is required to meet project objectives, reflects good value for money, and the recipient has a strong care-and-maintenance plan in place for equipment sustainability),
- hospitality costs, excluding alcoholic beverages
- installation, maintenance, shipping and/or transportation costs, including fuel, computers and communication devices
- lease or rental of vehicles
- legal costs
- medical costs
- miscellaneous expenses integral to the project
- outreach, communication and information dissemination costs
- publishing costs
- radio and television broadcast fees
- research-related costs
- salary costs, including stipends, relating to the project,
- security costs
- training and capacity building expenditures
- translation and interpretation fees
- vehicle and equipment operation, installation and/or maintenance
- website development and related costs
The following costs are not eligible for CFLI funding:
- nuclear technologies and facilities,
- assistance to military or paramilitary organizations,
- luxury goods,
- direct fiscal support to a government,
- seed funding and/or microfinance,
- core funding or recurrent costs of an organization
- expenses incurred prior to the signing of the contribution agreement, or after it expires
Report a problem on this page
- Date Modified:


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Malabar neem (Melia dubia Cav.), commonly called as Hebbuvu or Dreak or Gora Neem, is a dry deciduous multipurpose tree belongs to the family Meliaceae. It is an indigenous and multipurpose fast growing tree species, which has a great potential as a plantation species to meet the raw material requirement of the various wood-based industries. The present study was conducted at Zonal Agricultural and Horticultural Research Station, Hiriyur to assess the growth performance of Melia dubia planted at a spacing of 4 m × 1 m, 4 m × 2 m and 4 m × 3 m in sole condition without intercrop and with integrating horse gram as intercrop. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with six treatments and four replications. Tree parameters viz., tree height, diameter at breast height (DBH) and crown diameter were recorded and basal area and volume of trees were calculated before sowing as initial readings and after harvest of horse gram as final readings. The study revealed that performance of Melia dubia with and without horse gram intercrop was on par and relatively higher in intercropped condition. It was also evident from the present investigation that higher performance of M. dubia was recorded under wider spacing of 4 m × 3 m followed by spacing of 4 m × 2 m and least performance was found in the spacing of 4 m × 1 m. In the present study 4 m × 3 m spacing might be most suitable for taking up M. dubia based agroforestry in the central dry zone of Karnataka.
Syed Ali, Vasudev KL, Devagiri GM, Ramakrishna Hegde, Kumar Naik. Growth performance of Melia dubia in agroforestry in the central dry zone of Karnataka. Int J Adv Biochem Res 2023;7(2S):478-481. DOI: 10.33545/26174693.2023.v7.i2Sg.254

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


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From the outside, a pressure-assist toilet may look like a traditional one but, they function rather differently. The ceramic tank has an air-filled pressure container fitted in it. While a standard toilet uses gravity to flush water through, a pressure-assist toilet uses compressed air. This results in water being forced into the toilet bowl at a much more powerful rate than gravity alone can achieve.
Pressure-assist toilets come with many advantages. For instance, the strong flushing capacity of this type of toilet results in fewer clogs in the system. Plus, it's water efficiency will save gallons of water each year making it much more eco-friendly.
Older homes also benefit from pressure-assisted toilets, this is because the powerful force of the flush helps to push waste through old pipework. Also, due to the tank's design, you will not see a buildup of condensation when the weather is humid. They are also easier to maintain than standard toilets.
Before you start replacing your toilets for pressure assist ones, there are a few things you should be aware of. For example, this type of toilet has a much louder flush than a gravity kind. They can also be more expensive than a standard toilet. You may also find that if your home has low water pressure, a pressure-assist toilet may not work as efficiently because they will need at least 20 to 30 PSI of pressure.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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The Minister of Youth and Sports, Osman Aşkın Bak, announced that free "Müzekart GNS" will be provided to all young people aged 18-25. Many museums in Konya already offer free services, but in addition to that, we have researched the museums that can be visited in Konya for young people to have a better understanding of the city. Here are the museums in Konya...
The place where the Mevlana dervish lodge, which is currently used as a museum, is located, was gifted to Mevlana's father, Sultanü'l Ulema Bahaeddin Veled, by Sultan Alaeddin Keykubat in the rose garden of the Seljuk Palace. When Sultanü'l Ulema passed away on January 12, 1231, he was buried in the current location. This burial is the first one conducted in the rose garden. After the death of Sultanü'l Ulema, his admirers approached Mevlana and expressed their desire to build a mausoleum over his father's grave, but Mevlana rejected this request. However, when Mevlana passed away on December 7, 1273, Sultan Veled, Mevlana's son, accepted the requests of those who wanted to build a mausoleum over Mevlana's grave. The mausoleum, known as the Green Tomb, was constructed on four thick columns at a cost of 130,000 Seljuk dirhams.
Karatay Madrasa, which is currently used as the Tile Works Museum, was built in 1251 by Emir Celâleddin Karatay during the reign of Seljuk Sultan II. İzzeddin Keykâvus. The interior of the madrasa is covered with mosaic and tile works.
Konya Panorama Museum
The museum portrays Konya, which served as the capital of the Anatolian Seljuks for approximately two centuries in the 13th century, as a city of knowledge and art.
Ince Minaret Stone and Wood Works Museum
İnce Minaret Madrasa or also known as the Stone and Wood Works Museum is located in the Selçuklu District, in the neighborhood of Beyhekim. It is a closed courtyard, single-iwan, and single-story madrasa. The madrasa gets its name from the minaret located at the northeast corner.
Konya Archaeology Museum
The Konya Archaeology Museum is among the must-visit museums in Konya and the Central Anatolia region due to its collection of historical artifacts.
Konya Ethnography Museum
The building, initially constructed for educational purposes, was opened as the Ethnography Museum in 1975.


OBIEE - How to set and use a server variable (system/repository) of type date ?
About
This article is a tutorial on how to set a date in a server variable (session variable of repository variable) and use it.
This article use the schema SH : SH repository installation in the database and for the repository
Steps
The statement
To initialize the variables, two statements are used in order to test sysdate :
 - the current date
select TIME_ID from TIMES WHERE TIME_ID = (select max(TIME_ID) from SALES)
 - and sysdate
select SYSDATE from dual
Creation of the system and repository variable
OBIEE see the oracle date as a DATETIME then when you create the initialization blocks, you must use this format in the default value :
TIMESTAMP '2001-12-31 00:00:00'
of
DATE '2001-12-31'
Create then 4 initialization blocks :
 - CurrentDateRepo : a repository variable with the current date statement
 - CurrentDateSession : a session variable with the current date statement
 - SysDateSession : a repository variable with the sysdate statement
 - SysDateRepo : a repository variable with the sysdate statement
Verification of the type of the variable
Use of the variable
CurrentDate
You can then use it in an answer to create a logical sql as for the session variable :
SELECT Calendar."Calendar Year" saw_0
FROM SH
WHERE Calendar."Time Id" = VALUEOF(NQ_SESSION."CurrentDateSession")
ORDER BY saw_0, saw_1
For the repository variable, the filter will be :
Calendar."Time Id" = VALUEOF("CurrentDateRepo")
You made an equality between a date (the column Time Id is defined as a date) and a datetime with the session variable CurrentDateSession. BI Server fired :
select distinct T3883.CALENDAR_YEAR as c1,
 cast(T3883.TIME_ID as CHARACTER ( 30 ) ) as c2
from
 SH.TIMES T3883 /* TIMES Fact */
where ( T3883.TIME_ID = TO_DATE('2001-12-31 00:00:00' , 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS') )
order by c1, c2
Sysdate
With sysdate if you want to make a comparison with a date, you will get no rows because the variable don't have 00:00:00 in the hour:minute:second part of the timestamp.
You may have to cast it as a date
Support
The repository variable doesn't support the date datatype from Oracle
Oracle has one date datatype and it's the timestamp datatype of OBIEE. It means that you have always the hour, minute and second.
If you use one repository variable in a report and that you don't want to see the hour, minute and second, you have to cast it (in the repository of in an anlytics) such as :
cast( myRepositoryVariable as date)
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Social security system in Slovakia
In Slovakia, the social security coverage is based on the occupational activity, not on the residence. The system falls under the competence of the Ministry of Employment, Social Affairs and Family of the Slovak Republic. The Social Insurance Agency and Central Office of Labour, Social Affairs and Family of the Slovak Republic are the executive bodies.
The social security system in Slovakia is made of three main components:
- Social insurance - its basic role is the protection of the economically active population in different situations. Employees and self‑employed persons meeting the conditions regarding the amount of income are mandatorily insured. Social insurance is financed by contributions and administered by the Social Insurance Agency (SIA).
- Social assistance - allows people in situations of material deprivation to receive substitute resources from the state in the form of services and benefits.
- State social support - which is devised to address particular life situations, including the birth of a child, child care, death of a family member and others. The allowances provided within this system are financed directly from the state budget. The entitlement to the social support is usually based on the permanent or temporary residence in Slovakia and does not depend on the income of the family or the economic activity of a person and his/her family members. Specific conditions must be fulfilled for obtaining a particular allowance.


Texture aliasing
Aliasing can occur any time you resample a texture, for instance to scale it, rotate it, or map it onto a 3D model. Thanks to our friend the Nyquist threshold, the resulting problems get worse the lower a frequency you sample at, ie. the smaller you shrink it.
Check out this awesome 32×32 test image:
Untitled
Zoomed 4x so you can see in detail:
image
This test code draws six copies, first with no transform, then rotated, followed by straight and rotated versions at half and quarter size:
 spriteBatch.Begin(0, null, SamplerState.PointClamp, null, null);
 spriteBatch.Draw(testTexture, new Vector2(20, 24), null, Color.White, 0, new Vector2(16, 16), 1, 0, 0);
 spriteBatch.Draw(testTexture, new Vector2(60, 24), null, Color.White, 1, new Vector2(16, 16), 1, 0, 0);
 spriteBatch.Draw(testTexture, new Vector2(95, 24), null, Color.White, 0, new Vector2(16, 16), 0.5f, 0, 0);
 spriteBatch.Draw(testTexture, new Vector2(120, 24), null, Color.White, 1, new Vector2(16, 16), 0.5f, 0, 0);
 spriteBatch.Draw(testTexture, new Vector2(140, 24), null, Color.White, 0, new Vector2(16, 16), 0.25f, 0, 0);
 spriteBatch.Draw(testTexture, new Vector2(155, 24), null, Color.White, 1, new Vector2(16, 16), 0.25f, 0, 0);
 spriteBatch.End();
Note the use of SamplerState.PointClamp, which turns off the antialiasing SpriteBatch would normally apply by default.
Resulting image:
image
Zoomed 4x:
image
This has almost too many aliasing problems to mention! Some that I find particularly bothersome are:
 - The black diagonal lines have pieces missing in the full size rotated image
 - The half size non rotated image has lots of problems:
 - The green vertical line, and also the red and blue horizontal lines, are entirely missing
 - It ended up with just two rather than three sets of black diagonal lines
 - The black border remains on the bottom and right, but is missing on the top and left
 - The two quarter size images are entirely different:
 - Non rotated version has only a blue line, no red or green at all
 - Rotated version has scattered red and green pixels, but no blue
 - Imagine how horrible it would look if we animated this sprite spinning, as it would flicker back and forth between different colors!
Remember how multisampling smooths triangle edges but does not affect their interior? We can confirm this by turning on 4x multisampling, and noting how the only difference is smoother borders on the rotated images:
image
With 4x supersampling, on the other hand, texture aliasing is indeed reduced:
image
But this is still far from perfect. The full size rotated and half size non rotated images look pretty nice, but the half size rotated and both quarter size versions have flaws. We'd still get nasty color pulsation if we animated a rotation of that quarter size version. This is because 4x supersampling only gives a 2x improvement in sampling frequency along each of the horizontal and vertical axes. That can reduce aliasing, but is not enough to keep us above the Nyquist threshold if we transform the texture by a factor of more than 2x.
Whatever is a poor graphics programmer to do?
To start with, we shouldn't have made life difficult for ourselves by specifying point sampling! If we turn off supersampling and multisampling, then change our SpriteBatch.Begin call to use the default SamplerState.LinearClamp, bilinear filtering produces a much nicer image than the point sampled version we started out with:
image
Unlike multisampling and supersampling, texture filtering does not smooth the border of the rotated images, but it does a nice job to reduce aliasing inside our full size rotated and half size non rotated images. Bilinear filtering lets us down in the same places as supersampling. Because the GPU only takes four filter taps per texture fetch (two horizontal and two vertical), we get 2x more headroom before we will run into aliasing problems, but a 2x improvement cannot entirely eliminate the Nyquist threshold, so our quarter size images remain nasty.
The solution is to combine bilinear filtering with precalculated mipmaps (plus anisotropic filtering if you can afford it). No matter how small the texture is scaled, the GPU can now simply select the appropriate mip level to sample from, always remaining just below the Nyquist threshold regardless of what transforms are applied.
With mipmaps enabled, even our smallest images now keep the same color intensity and hue, with no stray pixels or random changes of shape, so we can animate our sprite rotating or scaling with no aliasing problems at all:
image
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Import and work with GPS Track file data
To begin working with a GPS track file in Places view, you must first import the GPS track file into Aperture.
GPS track points are digital bread crumbs that are used to define a path or route ("track") using precise coordinates saved by a GPS device or GPS tracking iPhone app. If you have a GPS-enabled camera or iOS device or another GPS device that you use to create track files and save waypoints, you can import the track files into Aperture and work with them in Places view. Each leg and waypoint (digital bread crumb) is displayed in Places view, and you can assign the legs and waypoints to photos. Photos taken with a GPS-enabled camera or iOS device are automatically assigned locations corresponding to waypoints in the track file.
Import a GPS track file
In the Library inspector, select the project into which you want to import the track file, then click the Places button in the toolbar.
In Places view, choose Import GPS Track from the GPS pop-up menu.
In the dialog that appears, navigate to the location of the GPS track file, select it, then click Choose Track File.
The track file is imported into the selected project. The track file appears as a purple line on the map in Places view.
Create a new location based on a waypoint in a GPS track file
After you have imported the GPS track file into your Aperture project, you can begin working with the GPS track data to create new locations, assign locations to photos, and move location pins.
In the Library inspector, select a project with an imported GPS track file.
In the Browser, select a photo and drag it to a waypoint in Places view.
A small dialog appears at the bottom of Places view asking if you would like to assign location information to other photos in the project based on time.
Do one of the following:
To assign photo location information to other photos in the project based on time in the GPS track file: Click Assign Locations.
If you don't want to assign photo location information to other photos in the project: Click Done.
Assign location information from a GPS waypoint to a photo selection
In the Browser, select the photo or photos to which you want to assign location information.
In Places view, Control-click the waypoint whose location information you want to assign to the selected photos, then choose Assign Photos from the shortcut menu.
The waypoint's location information is assigned to the photo selection, and a location badge (a red pin) appears at the top of each selected photo in the Browser.
Moving location pins that correspond to waypoints in a GPS track file works the same way as moving other location pins. For more information about moving location pins, see Change photo locations.
Delete a GPS track file
You can delete a GPS track file at any time. For example, if you have several GPS track files on your computer and you aren't sure which locations they track, you can import the files individually to see if the track data corresponds to locations in your project. If a GPS track file contains track data that doesn't match locations in your project, you can delete it.
In Places view, choose Delete Selected Track from the GPS pop-up menu.


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The Budapest Development Centre (BFK) and Főmterv have signed a contract to prepare an environmental impact study for a planned tunnel under the River Danube linking the city's suburban railway lines, BFK head Dávid Vitézy said on Tuesday.
The 850 million forint (EUR 2.4m) study is part of the government's Budapest Suburban Railway Strategy, and will be co-financed by the government and European Union, Vitézy said.
The impact study will review the environmental effects of a tunnel linking the Kelenföld railway station and Széll Kálmán Square in Buda, and the Nyugati railway station in Pest, as well as a reconstruction of the latter,
An environmental impact assessment procedure is required before any activity with significant effects on the environment is started or extended. The environmental impact assessment covers the section between the Kelenföld railway station and the Városligeti junction, including the tunnel and the connecting above-ground railway facilities. So it is not only the tunnel itself that is part of the work, but also the new two-level Nyugati station (for which a design tender is under way) and the development of the sections from the Vác and Cegléd lines.
The design will have to take into account, for example, new underground stations, stops, circulation spaces, ventilation systems, utilities, but also surface parks, car parks, public transport elements, operational facilities and safety installations.
Budapest cannot accommodate more trains during weekday peak periods due to overcrowding and lack of capacity at the main stations, although our modelling suggests that the demand for suburban services should be more than 90 trains per peak hour, instead of the current 42, he said.
A new, two-level railway station would greatly relieve the system, he said.


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A string or rope is cut into two pieces, and then magically restored into one piece!
- One piece of heavy string or thin rope.
- A piece of writing paper.
- A pair of good scissors.
The Cut-and-Restored rope effect is a classic of magic. Prefold a piece of paper before the show so it looks like the paper in Figure 1. When it's time to present the trick, pull out the paper and lay the string in it as shown.
Fold the top of the paper (section A) down, then fold the bottom of the paper (section C) up. Now for the secret move:
When you fold section C up over section A, use your thumb to catch the string as demonstrated in Figure 2. When you prefold the paper before the show be certain that section A is not so long that it will cover the string.
Securely grasp the package as in Figure 3, making sure that the view shown in the diagram is seen only by you.
Cut through the paper, as shown in Figure 4. Cut completely through the paper, dividing it and, presumably, the rope in half. In reality, only the paper is cut in half, the rope is still intact.
Crumple up the paper, and pull the rope out slowly. It is restored into one complete piece! The paper may be examined, and it will be seen to have been cleanly cut into two halves!
Credits: Alex Jones

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
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Hybrid nanoelectronics are emerging as one viable option to sustain the Moorepsilas Law after the CMOS scaling limit is reached. One main design challenge in hybrid nanoelectronics is the interface (named as demux) between the highly dense nanowires in nanodevice crossbars and relatively coarse microwires in CMOS domain. The prior work on demux design use a single type of devices to realize the demultiplexing function, but hardly provides a satisfactory solution. This work proposes to combine resistor with FET to implement the demux, leading to the so-called hybrid resistor/FET-logic demux. Such hybrid demux architecture can make these two types of devices well complement each other to improve the overall demux design effectiveness. Furthermore, the effects of resistor conductance variability are analyzed and evaluated based on computer simulations.
Date of Conference: 7-10 Oct. 2007


timer fires.
 - The onMerge() method is relevant for stateful triggers and merges the states of two triggers when their corresponding windows merge, e.g. when using session windows.
 - Finally the clear() method performs any action needed upon removal of the corresponding window.
Two things to notice about the above methods are:
 1. The first three decide how to act on their invocation event by returning a TriggerResult. The action can be one of the following:
 - CONTINUE: do nothing,
 - FIRE: trigger the computation,
 - PURGE: clear the elements in the window, and
 - FIRE_AND_PURGE: trigger the computation and clear the elements in the window afterwards.
 1. Any of these methods can be used to register processing- or event-time timers for future actions.
Fire and Purge #
Once a trigger determines that a window is ready for processing, it fires, i.e., it returns FIRE or FIRE_AND_PURGE. This is the signal for the window operator to emit the result of the current window. Given a window with a ProcessWindowFunction all elements are passed to the ProcessWindowFunction (possibly after passing them to an evictor). Windows with ReduceFunction, or AggregateFunction simply emit their eagerly aggregated result.
When a trigger fires, it can either FIRE or FIRE_AND_PURGE. While FIRE keeps the contents of the window, FIRE_AND_PURGE removes its content. By default, the pre-implemented triggers simply FIRE without purging the window state.
Purging will simply remove the contents of the window and will leave any potential meta-information about the window and any trigger state intact.
Default Triggers of WindowAssigners #
The default Trigger of a WindowAssigner is appropriate for many use cases. For example, all the event-time window assigners have an EventTimeTrigger as default trigger. This trigger simply fires once the watermark passes the end of a window.
The default trigger of the GlobalWindow is the NeverTrigger which does never fire. Consequently, you always have to define a custom trigger when using a GlobalWindow.
By specifying a trigger using trigger() you are overwriting the default trigger of a WindowAssigner. For example, if you specify a CountTrigger for TumblingEventTimeWindows you will no longer get window firings based on the progress of time but only by count. Right now, you have to write your own custom trigger if you want to react based on both time and count.
Built-in and Custom Triggers #
Flink comes with a few built-in triggers.
 - The (already mentioned) EventTimeTrigger fires based on the progress of event-time as measured by watermarks.
 - The ProcessingTimeTrigger fires based on processing time.
 - The CountTrigger fires once the number of elements in a window exceeds the given limit.
 - The PurgingTrigger takes as argument another trigger and transforms it into a purging one.
If you need to implement a custom trigger, you should check out the abstract Trigger class. Please note that the API is still evolving and might change in future versions of Flink.
Evictors #
Flink's windowing model allows specifying an optional Evictor in addition to the WindowAssigner and the Trigger. This can be done using the evictor(...) method (shown in the beginning of this document). The evictor has the ability to remove elements from a window after the trigger fires and before and/or after the window function is applied. To do so, the Evictor interface has two methods:
/**
 * Optionally evicts elements. Called before windowing function.
 *
 * @param elements The elements currently in the pane.
 * @param size The current number of elements in the pane.
 * @param window The {@link Window}
 * @param evictorContext The context for the Evictor
 */
void evictBefore(Iterable<TimestampedValue<T>> elements, int size, W window, EvictorContext evictorContext);
/**
 * Optionally evicts elements. Called after windowing function.
 *
 * @param elements The elements currently in the pane.
 * @param size The current number of elements in the pane.
 * @param window The {@link Window}
 * @param evictorContext The context for the Evictor
 */
void evictAfter(Iterable<TimestampedValue<T>> elements, int size, W window, EvictorContext evictorContext);
The evictBefore() contains the eviction logic to be applied before the window function, while the evictAfter() contains the one to be applied after the window function. Elements evicted before the application of the window function will not be processed by it.
Flink comes with three pre-implemented evictors. These are:
 - CountEvictor: keeps up to a user-specified number of elements from the window and discards the remaining ones from the beginning of the window buffer.
 - DeltaEvictor: takes a DeltaFunction and a threshold, computes the delta between the last element in the window buffer and each of the remaining ones, and removes the ones with a delta greater or equal to the threshold.
 - TimeEvictor: takes as argument an interval in milliseconds and for a given window, it finds the maximum timestamp max_ts among its elements and removes all the elements with timestamps smaller than max_ts - interval.
By default, all the pre-implemented evictors apply their logic before the window function.
Specifying an evictor prevents any pre-aggregation, as all the elements of a window have to be passed to the evictor before applying the computation. This means windows with evictors will create significantly more state.
Note: Evictor is still not supported in Python DataStream API.
Flink provides no guarantees about the order of the elements within a window. This implies that although an evictor may remove elements from the beginning of the window, these are not necessarily the ones that arrive first or last.
Allowed Lateness #
When working with event-time windowing, it can happen that elements arrive late, i.e. the watermark that Flink uses to keep track of the progress of event-time is already past the end timestamp of a window to which an element belongs. See event time and especially late elements for a more thorough discussion of how Flink deals with event time.
By default, late elements are dropped when the watermark is past the end of the window. However, Flink allows to specify a maximum allowed lateness for window operators. Allowed lateness specifies by how much time elements can be late before they are dropped, and its default value is 0. Elements that arrive after the watermark has passed the end of the window but before it passes the end of the window plus the allowed lateness, are still added to the window. Depending on the trigger used, a late but not dropped element may cause the window to fire again. This is the case for the EventTimeTrigger.
In order to make this work, Flink keeps the state of windows until their allowed lateness expires. Once this happens, Flink removes the window and deletes its state, as also described in the Window Lifecycle section.
By default, the allowed lateness is set to 0. That is, elements that arrive behind the watermark will be dropped.
You can specify an allowed lateness like this:
DataStream<T> input = ...;
input
 .keyBy(<key selector>)
 .window(<window assigner>)
 .allowedLateness(<time>)
 .<windowed transformation>(<window function>);
val input: DataStream[T] = ...
input
 .keyBy(<key selector>)
 .window(<window assigner>)
 .allowedLateness(<time>)
 .<windowed transformation>(<window function>)
input = ... # type: DataStream
input \
 .key_by(<key selector>) \
 .window(<window assigner>) \
 .allowed_lateness(<time>) \
 .<windowed transformation>(<window function>)
When using the GlobalWindows window assigner no data is ever considered late because the end timestamp of the global window is Long.MAX_VALUE.
Getting late data as a side output #
Using Flink's side output feature you can get a stream of the data that was discarded as late.
You first need to specify that you want to get late data using sideOutputLateData(OutputTag) on the windowed stream. Then, you can get the side-output stream on the result of the windowed operation:
final OutputTag<T> lateOutputTag = new OutputTag<T>("late-data"){};
DataStream<T> input = ...;
SingleOutputStreamOperator<T> result = input
 .keyBy(<key selector>)
 .window(<window assigner>)
 .allowedLateness(<time>)
 .sideOutputLateData(lateOutputTag)
 .<windowed transformation>(<window function>);
DataStream<T> lateStream = result.getSideOutput(lateOutputTag);
val late


text:
If you have a picture or shape on a slide in PowerPoint, you may sometimes want to only move it in the same vertical or horizontal plane. How do you drag the picture to move it on the slide but keep it in the vertical or horizontal plane? Just press Shift when you are dragging. You can then only move it exactly vertically or horizontally. Make sure you keep the Shift key down until you let go the mouse button.
You can also use this technique in Word and Excel if you have added a picture or shape to the file.


the IBM Z JCL Expert plug-in for Zowe CLI and there is no limit on how much automation you can achieve leveraging this plugin. As mentioned at the beginning, the power of the Zowe CLI is not just the individual commands but the ability to write scripts (in the scripting language of your choice) to build multi-step actions to integrate IBM Z JCL Expert in your automated process or any other product with Zowe CLI extensions. These scripts can have variable substitution, use additional script functions (grep, awk, etc.) to build powerful productivity tools.
A common example can be to run a JCL Check before submitting a job.
In a recent blog I described a scenario that leverage the IBM Z Workload Scheduler plugin for Zowe CLI to add a jobstream in plan and submit it for execution. In that scenario, the second job of the jobstream was ending in error … because of an error in the JCL itself. This is the JCL used in that scenario:
Leveraging IBM Z JCL Expert to check this JCL, I would have intercepted the problem before the execution of the job:
On the other hand, I envision even the possibility to have application developers that use it in an interactive way, to avoid logging onto TSO just to change and check a specific JCL. Ultimately, different users will use the plug-in in different ways. The Zowe CLI can have scripts that cross z/OS products and systems to allow coordination of actions in many ways.
An important point to make is that customers that leverage IBM Z JCL Expert, get IBM Z Distribution for Zowe as supporting program, so the support (for the scenarios that are related to the integration) is granted from IBM at no charge. This is important because many enterprises do not allow unsupported software in their production environment.
If you want to learn more about IBM Z Distribution for Zowe, visit the content page, you can find there other details about IBM product extensions and more.
If you want to download the IBM Z Z JCL Expert technical preview of the plug-in for the Zowe CLI, it is available here.
Zowe is owned and managed by the Open Mainframe Project, which is a Linux Foundation project.
#zowe #opensource #devOps #IBMz #automation
This blog was originally posted on AIOps on IBM Z Community, here. Join today for the latest: _URL_
To learn more about IBM Z solutions that can help improve system management, IT operations, application performance, and operational resiliency with AI, visit our product portfolio page.
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Domenico D'Alterio
Zowe
Domenico D'Alterio is the IBM Principal Product Manager focused on The Linux Foundation's Zowe and IBM Z distribution for Zowe projects.


text:
Water balance refers to the balance between the demand and the availability of water in an area.
"A water balance instrumentation system has been developed to monitor and help manage actual changes in the water balance in managed areas so that water security in the local environment can improve," the research professor, Sensus Wijonarko, said here on Tuesday.
The instrument can automatically measure the water balance in an area, including sub-watersheds (DAS), and can be developed as a support system for water control in the area, he explained in a speech entitled 'Water Balance Instrumentation in an Integrated Hydrometeorological Observation System to Achieve Water Resistance'.
"This instrumentation needs to be equipped with controlling instruments to increase the supply of clean water, reduce the use of clean water, treat used water, and regulate the type of water according to its function," he added.
According to Sensus, the water security in an area can be estimated based on the condition of the water balance, which can be determined by calculating the movement of water.
Calculations to determine the water balance over a wide range require data and expertise, and the use of averages has several drawbacks, including that the data cannot be used to see instantaneous conditions, he explained.
"These difficulties can be overcome or reduced by the water balance measurement method using water balance instrumentation, which is expected to be a part of an integrated hydrometeorological observation system in the future," Sensus said.
The researcher, who studied instrumentation technology, said that water balance instrumentation can function as a calibrator for water balance calculations and can be used to compare water balances in other places once it is integrated with the hydrometeorological observation system.
Related news: LIPI develops ventilator to support COVID-19 efforts
Related news: Govt to complete new Demangan watergate construction by end of 2021
Related news: Surabaya DPRD seeks water bill waiver for economically impacted


Microsoft is testing underwater data centers
By | 10.12.2018
Microsoft is testing underwater data centers
Microsoft тестирует подводные центры обработки данных
Project Natick is the name of the new project, which is nothing more than an attempt by Microsoft Research to create data centers for cloud computing at the bottom of the ocean.
The idea was born from the desire of companies to reduce energy consumption. As you know, servers in data centers generate a tremendous amount of heat and cooling required to maintain a low temperature consume a lot of energy. The construction of such infrastructure on the ocean floor promises significant cost reduction through the use of «natural» power and cooling (the energy of the waves and ocean water).
The first tests on a small prototype, which in November last year, he was immersed on the bottom of the ocean a kilometer from the Pacific coast of the United States have yielded positive results.
Currently, Microsoft has more than 100 data centers worldwide, the cost of which has exceeded 15 billion dollars. A Project in Natick, the company sees a viable way to reduce the cost of their service.
Detailed information about Project Natick available on the official website.
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text: A variational framework for the identification and analysis of general nonlinear optimal disturbances in compressible flows is derived. The formulation is based on the compressible Navier–Stokes equations in conserved variables for an ideal gas with temperature-dependent viscosity. A discretely consistent implementation based on generalized coordinates allows the accurate analysis of a wide range of settings. An application in the identification of the optimal disturbances which experience the highest amplification in kinetic energy in pipe flow is presented. At low Mach numbers and moderate initial amplitude, the disturbances undergo a sequence of Orr mechanism, oblique nonlinear interaction and lift-up mechanism, and the energy amplification is consistent with results reported for incompressible flow (Pringle & Kerswell, Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 105, 2010, 154502). When the Mach number is increased, the gain in perturbation kinetic energy grows appreciably, and the initial disturbance field becomes increasingly localized. Nonlinear optimal disturbances which are rescaled to higher initial kinetic energy than prescribed in the optimization procedure are demonstrated to evolve into a chaotic state. For a constant time horizon, the initial perturbation energy to reach a high-energy state decreases monotonically with Mach number.


Look Up Another Term
Redirected from: file wiping
Definition: file wipe
A security measure when selling, giving away or retiring a computer. A file wipe completely erases the data from the hard disk.
Deleting Does Not Erase
When a file is deleted in an application or file manager, only the file name in the directory is marked as deleted. The data still reside in the disk sectors until overwritten by new data by the same or some other application. In the meantime, if somebody wanted the file badly enough, it can be reconstructed from the sector data.
Wipe Means Write
Wiping the hard disk means actually erasing the data in the disk sectors. For maximum security, experts claim that random data should be written into the sectors several times, because forensic analysis can detect the previous magnetic residue if the magnetic bits are overwritten only once. In addition, caches such as the recycle bin and trash can are also cleared. See wipe.


text:
brain stem diagram
Brain stem diagram. brain stem diagram, brainstem diagram labeled, brain diagram brainstem, human brain stem diagram, blank brainstem diagram, brain stem easy diagram, brain stem death diagram, diencephalon and brainstem diagram, brainstem and spinal cord diagram
Hi bro, My name is Rocky. Welcome to my website, we have many collection of
Brain stem diagram pictures that collected by Carib.us from arround the internet
The rights of these images remains to it's respective owner's, You can use these pictures for personal use only.


text:
Welcome to the Bamberton Historical Society
Video #1 Introduction
Video #2 Ideas for making figures
Video #3 Construct a figure
Bamberton Museum & Bus Tours
Step back in time to the early 1900s and relive life at Bamberton, one of the most important industrial sites in BC's history.
Bambertonís Mystery History
This site traces the history of the cement industry at Bamberton, located on Vancouver Island, British Columbia. An industry that changed and shaped the skyline of BC's cities, the shoreline of its harbours, and even the flow of its rivers with the millions of tons of cement that poured forth from the Bamberton plant. It illustrates the strong role the company played in the lives of the thousands of workers and their families who lived in the village over the years. People whose lives were shaped by the fortunes of the cement industry from 1904 to 1982.
Using photos, maps, actual memories and informative text we hope to acquaint the viewer with the compelling story of Bamberton, a community that went from "Dust to Bust".
DUST TO BUST AND BACK
The history of Bamberton - first time in print! Order your copy using this form.


54 Wise Woman Quotes To Help You know The Difference.
Below is a list of 54 wise woman quotes and quotes about wise women to help you differentiate between the wise and chaste woman and a foolish woman. There are only a few wise women in this society we live is especially with this feminism that has corrupted a lot of women to think being stubborn and proud is what it means to be a woman. May these 54 wise woman quotes help you be a wise woman not according to worldly standards but God's.
54 Quotes About Wise Women.
1. A wise woman fear the Lord and is virtuous, loving and respectful towards her husband. Samuel Zulu.
2. A woman of character won't carelessly spread her legs wide open to every Jim and Jack that comes her way. Samuel Zulu.
3. Seest a woman who's careless with her body, there is more hope for a fool than that woman. Samuel Zulu.
4. Want to know how wise and dignified a woman is? Just observe how she treats her body. Samuel Zulu.
5. Women of wisdom know jute exactly how to get into a man's heart. Samuel Zulu.
6. A wise woman will build her house with love but a foolish one will rip it apart with her careless mouth. Samuel Zulu.
7. When you see a lady start talking too much just know that's where her foolishness has just begun. Samuel Zulu.
8. Foolish women belittle their husbands and treat them like trach but wise women treat their husband with high respect. Samuel Zulu.
9. It's only a foolish woman who treats her husband she decided to unveil her body to with disrespect and contempt. Samuel Zulu.
10. You will never find a wise, humble and virtuous woman without God in her life. Samuel Zulu.
Read also: 75 Strong Women Quotes To Inspire Self Confidence In Women.
11. Wise women don't allow emotions to override their logic in crucial matters of life. Samuel Zulu.
12. Wise women don't waste their time on outward appearances as they know those thinks fade over time and withy age. Samuel Zulu.
13. A wise woman knows she cannot merely rely upon her looks, in order to succeed in life. That is why she invests in lessons that help her navigate this world. Gift Gugu Mona.
14. Where a wise woman is not valued, wisdom is lost. Gift Gugu Mona.
15. A wise woman knows how to calm others down, even in the heat of the moment. Gift Gugu Mona.
16. No one can fool a wise woman. She may look like a fool, but her mind is full of wisdom. Gift Gugu Mona.
17. Even a queen stabs her toe but a wise woman watches the path. Robert Jordan.
18. Who was to know what went on in a person's heart? A wise woman kept her own counsel. Donna Wool Cross.
19. A wise woman knows that she does not have to fight every battle. Other battles, she just watches until she overcomes. Gift Gugu Mona.
20. It takes the wisdom of a wise man to learn the wisdom of a wise woman. Marcie Telander.
21. A wise woman wishes to be no one's enemy: a wise woman refuses to be anyone's victim. Maya Angelou.
22. She openeth her mouth with wisdom, and in her tongue is the law of kindness. Proverbs 32:26.
26. A gracious woman retaineth honour: and strong men retain riches. Proverbs 11:16.
27. She is more precious than rubies: and all the things thou canst desire are not to be compared unto her. Proverbs 3:15.
28. A wise woman puts a grain of sugar in everything she says to a man and takes a grain of salt with everything he says to her. Helen Rowland.
29. Self-care is not selfish. You cannot serve from an empty vessel. Eleanor Brown.
30. When I accept myself, I am free from the burden of needing to accept me. Steve Maraboli.
Read also: 65 Self Confidence Quotes To Help You Ditch Your Self Confidence Issues.
31. Be careful how you are talking to yourself because you are listening. Lisa M. Hayes.
32. A wise woman knows that joy and peace come from the Lord while a foolish one seeks happiness where she can find it. Darlene Schacht.
33. A beautiful woman is a beautiful woman but a beautiful woman with a brain is an absolutely lethal combination. Prabal Gurung.
34. As wise women and men tell us in our culture: the art of life is not controlling what happens to us but using what happens to us. Gloria Steinem.
35. A woman of wisdom depends only on the Lord for her complete joy and not on another man that can always break her heart, anyway. Samuel Zulu.
36. Only ladies with a lack of understanding seek joy and happiness in a fallible man who's as miserable as them. Samuel Zulu.
37. A woman who trust heart security frim the lord will never have her heartbroken. Samuel Zulu.
38. You will never see a lady of wisdom exposing her thighs and body parts for all to see as she considers her body sacred. Samuel Zulu.
39. A wise woman treats her body with the sacredness it deserves which is why you won't see her trying to expose herself to cheap men. Samuel Zulu.
40. Show me how you dress and I will show you how shallow and cheap your character is. Samuel Zulu.
41. You will never see a woman of wisdom entangling herself into unnecessary drama which is none of her concern. Samuel Zulu.
42. You can have a big how but it takes a wise and chaste godly woman to turn it into a home full of love where a husband and kids are refreshed by her sweet aromatic love. Samuel Zulu.
43. Feminists are nothing but foolish women gone wild. Samuel Zulu.
44. Godly wisdom, humility and a gentle quiet spirit is a character trait of all godly women. Samuel Zulu.
45. You will never see a wise woman belittling her man in the public square in front of other friends she won't even be with her entire life. Samuel Zulu.
46. Wise women tuck godly wisdom into the words they speak and even more into the words they choose not to speak. Lysa Terkeusl.
47. If you educate a man, you educate an individual but if you educate a woman, you educate a nation. African Proverb.
48. Every woman is beautiful until she speaks. African Proverb.
49. You are beautiful but learn to work for you cannot eat your beauty. African Proverb.
50. A woman's polite devotion is her greatest beauty. African Proverb.
51. The beauty of a woman becomes useless if there is no one to admire it. Africa Proverb.
52. A home without a woman is like a barn without cattle. African Proverb.
53. If you are filled with pride, you will have no room for wisdom. African Proverb.
54. If men swear they want to harm you when you are asleep, you can go to sleep. If women say so, stay awake. African Proverb.
Hope these 54 wise woman quotes will help you become wiser if you are a woman reading this and if you are a man, help you distinguish between wise and foolish women. Peace.
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This is a practical question that was asked on a correspondence chess site. The site struggles with chess engine users, who are considered cheaters. The method people use to determine whether someone is a cheater is this. Take a large enough number $x$ of games the person has played; analyze them with an engine (starting from the point where the game leaves online chess databases, whose use is allowed) and find the average match-up rates, for example:
 - 1st choice - 50% match-up rate,
 - 2nd choice - 65% match-up rate,
 - 3rd choice - 80% match-up rate,
where the first number is the ratio $$\frac{\text{the number of analyzed moves that are considered best by the engine}}{\text{the number of analyzed moves}},$$
the second number is the ratio $$\frac{\text{the number of analyzed moves that are considered best or second best by the engine}}{\text{the number of analyzed moves}},$$
and the third number is found in a similar way.
The question is how large $x$ must be in order for these numbers to approximate the overall match-up rates well.
I think the right way to ask this question more precisely is to fix a small error $\varepsilon$ and a small probability $p$, and ask how large $x$ must be for the probability of the actual error exceeding $\varepsilon$ to be less than $p$.
I did do a course in statistics, but I remember almost nothing of it. Could you help me with this?
share|improve this question
Your question is not entirely clear. Is it correct that "analyzed moves" refers only to moves that the suspected cheater has actually played, while "considered best by the engine" means the unique move found best by the engine among the options at that point in play? So as an extreme case, if the cheater just was using the engine blindly, the first number would be 100% (and the other a fortiori also). The idea is that if a player is doing very well (by the engine's standards), then it must be a cheater. At least in cycling this appears to be fairly sound reasoning. – Marc van Leeuwen Nov 16 '12 at 14:32
Don't you get into trouble when there is a long sequence of exchanges? Then every move is obvious to a human and computer: would they be flagged as cheaters? – Fixee Nov 16 '12 at 15:09
_USER_ Yes, that's what I meant. – Bartek Nov 17 '12 at 13:03
_USER_ Well, the idea is to analyze many games, not just one. The match-up rates are hoped to become more and more meaningful as the number of analyzed games grows. – Bartek Nov 17 '12 at 13:06
1 Answer 1
up vote 6 down vote accepted
Binomial or multinomial models will not work well in practise here, and you need to do some serious empirical work to get good tests for detecting cheaters. The problem is that chess players do not have fixed probabilities for choosing the computer's recommendations. In particular, if the computer considers one move to be much stronger than all other alternatives, then it is much more likely that a human player will arrive at the same conclusion.
Ken Regan at the University of Buffalo has done some serious work on this question, which you can read about on his home page.
share|improve this answer
Your Answer


Truffle News
10 Reasons Why White Truffles Are So Expensive!
by 22/08/2019
"White Truffle Sold for 300.000 Euros!!"
These kind of headlines do two things – they drive truffle hunters insane and they warp the public's perception of the value of a white truffle (tuber magnatum pico). In real life the cost of white truffles is nowhere near so exorbitant. Consumers can expect to pay a much more reasonable price of between three and six thousand euros per kilo, depending on where the truffle is purchased (how far from Italy) and the year (prices fluctuate annually).Wherever the place and whatever the year though, you can be sure that white truffles will be one of the most expensive foods you ever buy. We're going to look at ten reasons why this fungus costs so much money.
1. White truffles don't grow everywhere
 The areas where white truffles grow are few and far between. Unlike their black counterparts, they have yet to be cultivated which means they are only found in the wild by hunters with specially trained dogs. Most of the white truffles are hunted in five or six regions of northern Italy, the most famous being Alba in Piedmont. A little known fact is that the majority of Italy's truffles grow in Le Marche,with around two-thirds of the national crop (which is around 60 tonnes annually) originating in the regions around Acqualagna. White truffles have also been unearthed in countries such as Romania, Slovenia, Croatia and Serbia. Although the species found abroad is identical, most connoisseurs would agree that the Italian climate and terrain produce a superior truffle.However this is something of a hot topic to be discussed in another post.
2. The places where truffles grow are very difficult to access
In our area, the majority of places where white truffles grow are quite literally dark, damp ditches in an unforgiving forest in the middle of nowhere surrounded by thick brambles. White truffles are very unique hence they only develop in a very specific, unusual microclimate. When I went on my first truffle hunt I was expecting something akin to a pleasant hike in the forest and had even packed some sandwiches for the trip. I got a very rude awakening that cold winter's morning as I went sliding down a precariously steep embankment on my backside, ending up in an icy stagnant pool with my arms entangled in the undergrowth and a spaniel sitting nonchalantly on my head. Great times. More often than not you will spend 5 or 6 hours trekking through these delightful picnic spots only to come out scratched to hell and caked in mud with perhaps 15 grams of truffle or even nothing at all to show for it. You get in the car wet and miserable, eat your stale panini and drive home to face the scorn. Then the irony is that you can't wait to get up the next day and do it all over again.
3.Truffles are only available for a short period of the year.
The white truffle season does not last very long at all. Peak condition white truffles are available from early – mid October to the end of December. Truffles grow from early September and can be found in January (sometimes all the way to early February) but the quality is generally so poor that they should be avoided. Besides the fact that these truffles will be a poor imitation of the beautiful peak season specimens,we should also mention that it is illegal to hunt for truffles outside of the season designated by the regional Forestry Corps.. Please truffle fans, let's try and preserve the species!
4. They don't keep for long.
 Truffles are only fresh for about a week and from the moment the hunter digs them up, they begin to lose their unique perfume. This means they have to be transported quickly using the most expensive means available in order to be eaten as soon as possible. As the white truffle is highly sensitive, any variations in temperature or problems such as a flight delay can result in the loss of thousands of euros worth of product and sadly this happens on a regular basis.
5. Only specially trained dogs can find them.
One of the hardest parts of being a truffle hunter is training your dog. Yes, you can buy a trained truffle dog starting at around 4000 euros but you may not know what kind of dog you are getting and what methods have been used in its training. There are a lot of advantages to teaching your dog yourself from when it is a pup.This means that hunters can spend years working with their dogs to bring them up to scratch. The animals need to be trained lovingly and good hunters realise that there are no short cuts. Training your own dog requires charisma, effort and above all patience as some dogs (especially males) won't start sniffing out truffles till they are about two and a half years of age. And even then as my uncle Alberto says 'Some dogs hunt, some dogs piss on the tree.' A lot of animal lovers worry that truffle dogs are being exploited. My advice would be to try to see the dogs in action even if it is just a video. It makes sense for hunters to choose breeds which seemingly have an innate love for what they do. Athletic dogs which are never happier than when they are out on the hunt. There are exceptions, of course but the majority of hunters value their dogs almost to the point of worship. They are proud of them and take great care of the dogs. Probably the hunters' biggest fear is that anything should happen to their canine partner. In our family, the dogs work really hard with us and in return they are treated like royalty.
6.Big truffles cost more per gram.
The price of white truffles is calculated per gram and varies according to at least 4 categories of weight. So a truffle in the range of 1-15 grams might sell for 1 euro per gram, whereas truffles over 15 grams and under 50 will be more expensive. A white truffle which weighs over 50 grams will cost even more, say 3 euros a gram. Then there is the giant category, the showpiece which can often fetch a very high price especially if it's also a good shape, undamaged and attractive in colour. On an average day, we usually find small truffles in small quantities, Finding a giant truffle (over 100 grams) is quite rare and might happen once or twice a week so a lot of the time you could be out truffling and coming home with 100 grams of small truffles untill you finally hit the jackpot. In addition, damaged truffles are worth a lot less. This means we need to be very careful not to let the dogs scratch the truffle when they are digging. Also the hunter works as delicately as an archeologist so as not to break the truffle during the tricky unearthing process. As an aside, I remember when I was a little boy, maybe 5 or 6 and my uncle Donatello wanted to tease me. The hunters were sitting in our kitchen drinking wine and that day Donatello had found a perfectly round, golden-coloured truffle that was completely intact. He held it out to me and said "Look Giorgino, I found a potato!". I took it from his hand and threw it to the kitchen floor where it broke into three or four worthless pieces to the sound of a collective groan. Luckily they all saw the funny side later after a few more glasses of wine. Of course, Italian families being what they are, I have never been allowed to forget this incident!
7. Truffle prices vary according to the weather.
Weather conditions are the most important factor in regard to the development of the tuber magnatum pico in its prefruited form. This means that some years truffles are even pricier than usual as there are fewer truffles due to that year's temperatures and amount of rainfall. The ideal weather conditions for optimum development of truffles is rain in the months of March and April and more wet weather later on in the summer months. The reason being that summers in Italy can be so warm that if there isn't enough rain in these months the truffle will either never grow to its full potential or never grow at all.In other words, truffles are hyper-sensitive. Rain can also affect the availability and thus price in the autumn months. Truffle hunters are usually sturdy types who are not put off by a bit of bad weather. However November is the wettest month of the year in Italy with total precipitation often surpassing 100 millimeters. This means that there will often be days or even weeks when there are no fresh truffles on the market because all the hunters are at home going crazy waiting for the downpour to stop.
8. Climate change is real and it is affecting white truffles.
The effects of climate change on white truffles are yet to be fully understood, but Ulf Büntgen, professor of Environmental Systems Analysis at Cambridge University has come up with some very compelling data. It shows that since the 1970's summer rain patterns have altered significantly, droughts are occuring more frequently and temperatures are steadily increasing and that these weather conditions result in a corresponding decline in the number of truffles.The fragile natural system needed in order for truffles to thrive is under threat which means that they are getting scarcer.
9. Basic Economics
There is a great demand and a limited supply. In fact only 65% of the demand for white truffle can be met.
10.Their taste and aroma is incomparable.
I


text:
Coloured lithograph by H J Cooke of the Crumlin Viaduct on the Taff Vale Extension of the West Midland Railway. Crumlin Viaduct was considered to be one of the engineering wonders of the time when it was built in 1857. Designed by Thomas Kennard to carry the Newport, Abergavenny and Hereford Railway acros Ebbw Vale in South Wales, the structure was 1800 feet long, and at its maximum, pases 200 fet above the river. The viaduct was constructed of wrought iron trus girders supported by cast iron column members. It was demolished in the late 1960s after the closure of the railway line. Printed by Maclure, Macdonald & Macgregor, and published by J M Wilson & H N Maynard, Crumlin.
© NRM / Pictorial Collection / Science & Society Picture Library


text:
poles; poling; poled
A pole is a rounded stick or rod, usually made of wood, plastic, or metal. You need a pole for hanging a flag, catching fish, or setting up a tent.
There are many kinds of poles, from the poles skiers use to balance and push themselves forward to the long, flexible pole a pole vaulter uses to help her jump over a high bar. When someone mentions the North or South Pole, they mean the points on either side of the Earth that mark the ends of its axis of rotation. This kind of pole comes from the Latin polus, "end of an axis" or "the heavens."
Close your vocabulary gaps with personalized learning that focuses on teaching the words you need to know.


CAS Authentication Using Perl
Overview
This document uses Perl to show how the basics of CAS work. If at all possible, it is best to use a supported CAS client, but if you cannot get one to work, the code below shows how basic CAS authentication works. Of course, you can do this in any programming language.
Example Perl
sub GetUIDFromCAS {
 # Return the UID as obtained from CAS, either by validating an existing
 # ticket, or by referring the user to CAS for new ticket. In the latter
 case, the UID will be obtained by validating the ticket that is returned
 # here by CAS.

 use strict;

 use LWP::UserAgent;
 use CGI;

 my ($thisService,$casService) = @_;

 my $query = new CGI;
 my $ua = LWP::UserAgent->new;

 my $casGet;
 my $casTicket;
 my $response;
 my $uid;

 # Retrieve the CAS ticket, if any, from the incoming URI:
 $casTicket = $query->url_param('ticket');

 # If there is a ticket, validate it with CAS, returning the user's UID:
 if ($casTicket) {
 # Construct the full URL of the CAS validation service:
 $casGet =
 "$casService\/serviceValidate?ticket=$casTicket&service=$thisService";
 # Retrieve the validation output from CAS:
 $response = $ua->get($casGet);
 # Peel off the UID from the response:
 if ($response->content =~ /(\d+)<\/cas:user>/) {
 $uid = "$1";
 }
 # If there's no uid, then retrieve the entire response (which should
 # include an error message) and return that to the caller instead of
 # a uid.
 else {
 $uid = "casTicket: $casTicket; " . $response->content;
 }
 }

 # If a valid ticket was not part of the query string, redirect the user's
 # browser to CAS to get a fresh ticket:
 else {
 print
 $query->redirect(-location=>"$casService/login?service=$thisService");
 }

 # Return the UID (or else the error response) obtained from CAS:
 return $uid;
}


text:
Developed by the Oklahoma City National Memorial and Museum, The Hope Trunk: An Offering of Positive Education provides educators a unique and meaningful classroom learning resource.
The Hope Trunk is a traveling exhibit that contains educational materials and memorial items from the April 19, 1995 bombing of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City. The trunk, which a school may use for two weeks, contains artifacts, visual materials, and classroom exercises that may be used as a stand alone unit or incorporated into core curriculum. Shipping is provided courtesy of FedEx.
The Hope Trunk was developed to educate students about the impact of violence, the senselessness of using violence to effect change, and the importance of personal responsibility. The trunk has been on exhibit at schools nationwide. Many students viewing its artifacts were not alive when the Oklahoma City bombing occurred. The traveling exhibit helps to ensure the messages of that event continue to have impact.
The Mid-Atlantic Center for Emergency Management (MACEM) at Frederick Community College (FCC) had the pleasure of featuring the Hope Trunk, as part of Dr. Brenda Phillips' presentation on Human Response to Disaster at the 2016 Summer Institute. The exhibit included a range of items such as children's books; The Daily Oklahoman Newspaper – April 20, 1995; public safety patches from across the Nation as a show of unity; and rubble from the site. Each trunk also includes a 'hope bear' that was placed at the memorial. Mr. Anthony Thomas, a Summer Institute participant and educator at Dorchester Career and Technology Center (DCTC), also utilized the Hope Trunk during a lesson on how memorials can help people recover from disaster. DCTC and FCC are proud to be added to the growing list of "Hope Bear Schools."
Let's keep the trunk moving!
For more information about the Hope Trunk, please visit: _URL_
To order a Hope Trunk for your school, please visit: _URL_


Fields of Fire Fun Activities
James Webb
Buy the Fields of Fire Lesson Plans
Illustrated Cover
Create an illustrated cover that best depicts the novel.
Word Search Puzzle
Make a word search puzzle using words taken from Webb's descriptions of the Vietnam War.
Newspaper Article
Write a newspaper article describing the battle in the cemetery where Snake and Hodges are killed.
Write a Eulogy
Write a eulogy of two paragraphs honoring Robert E. Lee Hodges.
Slide Show
Make a powerpoint slideshow of the key events in the novel. Include authentic photos of the Vietnam War if possible and a soundtrack of music from the Vietnam era.
Write a Postcard
Pretend to be a visitor in Da Nang during the Vietnam War. Make a postcard to send home to friends detailing your stay in Da Nang, explaining the dangers you are facing. Draw an illustration of Da Nang on the front.
Watch the Movie
Watch one of the many movies that have been...
(read more Fun Activities)
This section contains 516 words
(approx. 2 pages at 300 words per page)
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text:
In Oracle PL/SQL, OPAQUE refers to the abstract data types whose internal representation are maintained by Oracle. The opaque type available in Oracle is XMLType. The XMLType data is stored as series of bytes and Oracle does not expose this internal representation. There are separate methods provided by Oracle to access the OPAQUE data.
A table named XMLTEST of XMLType is created. A XML document is inserted as a whole (as a CLOB), whose internal representation is not known.
SQL> CREATE TABLE XMLTEST OF XMLTYPE;
SQL> INSERT INTO XMLTEST values
1 row inserted.
FROM xmltest i,
EXTRACT(i.object_value, '/Business/Location/Service/Basics/Attribute[Name="id"]'))) s


text:
Copyright © 2011 Boorapa Singha and Jintana Sanwong. This is an open access article distributed under the
Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Suppose that is an infinite set with and is the symmetric inverse semigroup defined on. In 1984, Levi and Wood determined a class of maximal subsemigroups (using certain subsets of ) of the Baer-Levi semigroup dom and. Later, in 1995, Hotzel showed that there are many other classes of maximal subsemigroups of, but these are far more complicated to describe. It is known that is a subsemigroup of the partial Baer-Levi semigroup. In this paper, we characterize all maximal subsemigroups of when, and we extend to obtain maximal subsemigroups of when.


text:
Connected Substitutes and Invertibility of Demand
We consider the invertibility of a nonparametric nonseparable demand system. Invertibility of demand is important in several contexts, including identification of demand, estimation of demand, testing of revealed preference, and economic theory requiring uniqueness of market clearing prices. We introduce the notion of "connected substitutes" and show that this structure is sufficient for invertibility. The connected substitutes conditions require weak substitution between all goods and sufficient strict substitution to necessitate treating them in a single demand system. These conditions are satisfied in many standard models, have transparent economic interpretation, and allow us to show invertibility without functional form restrictions, smoothness assumptions, or strong domain restrictions.
Document Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3386/w17193
Published: Steven Berry, Amit Gandhi and Philip Haile (2013), \Connected Substitutes and Invertibility of Demand," Econometrica v. 81(5) (September), pp. 2087-2111 (also Cowles Foundation Discussion Paper # 1806R.) citation courtesy of
Users who downloaded this paper also downloaded* these:


text:
Dagon can be found in 4 countries throughout the world.
The majority of the cities named Dagon can be found above the equator.
The northern most place is in the region California in America. The southern most place is in the region West Coast in New Zealand.
See products related to Dagon on Amazon.com.
Use the search box below to search for cities and places in the world and display them on a map.
Cities named Dagon: to select only cities, choose "Cities".There are 4 places called Dagon in the world.
There is one place named Dagon in America.
There is one place named Dagon in New Zealand.
There is one place named Dagon in Myanmar.
There is one place named Dagon in Haiti.
|Cities named Dagon in America.|
|Dagon - California|
|Cities named Dagon in New Zealand.|
|Dagon - West Coast|
|Cities named Dagon in Myanmar.|
|Dagon - Yangon|
|Cities named Dagon in Haiti.|
|Dagon - HT|


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text: South German: 1. habitational name for someone from Oberor Unter-Fall near Triberg in the Black Forest. 2. topographical name for someone living by a waterfall or the site of a landslide, from Middle High German val 'fall', 'waterfall', 'landslide'. 3. in some cases it may derive from Falter, through assimilation of the consonants. 4. Scandinavian: unexplained.


text: Cell permeabilization by shock waves may have application in gene therapy and anticancer drug delivery. In the present study we performed direct molecular dynamic (MD) simulation of the interaction of a single shock wave with a cell membrane to investigate the mechanism of the cell permeabilization. The shock wave was characterized by an impulse that was expressed with a velocity determined by the change in the momentum. The cell membrane was designed as a dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) lipid bilayer placed between two layers of water molecules. The MD simulation determined the relationship between water penetration into the bilayer, the order parameter, the fluidity of each lipid molecule, and the intensity of impulse. These structural changes in the bilayer may be an important factor in the use of shock waves to produce transient membrane permeability.


text:
Effects of Gamma Ray as Oxidative Stress on Several Blood Parameters of Male Chickens
Keywords:male chicken, hematological parameters, gamma ray, grape seed oil, free radical
The present work aims to detect the effects of gamma ray radiation emitted from Co-60 on several blood parameters (PCV, Hb, WBCs and RBCs) of male chickens. Also, the potential antioxidant impact of grape seeds oil exposed to cold plasma as a protective material to lower the damage caused by gamma ray was tested for a long time and low dose rate. Healthy male chickens were used in this study which had an age range of 2 to 3 months and a weight range of 1.5 to 2 kg. Animals were kept in plastic cages (100 x 400 x 40 cm dimensions) within humidity and temperature preserved at limited values. Four experimental groups were included; the first was the un-exposed control. The second group was administered with a dose of grape seed extract. The third group was exposed to gamma ray radiation only. The fourth group was administered with a dose of grape seed extract and irradiated with gamma waves. Forty male chickens were used in this work as they were parted and administered with the selected doses. The control group was considered as the first group that contained 10 male chicken without being exposed to waves of gamma rays. The next group also contained 10 male chicken irradiated with 5 Gy/lh at interval 7 hour/day for 20 days as second group. Another group contained 10 male chicken and was dealt with oil of grape seed 400 mg/kg wt) with orally administered dose for 20 days as third group. The fourth group contained 10 male chicken irradiated with 5 Gy/h at interval of 7 hour/day for 20 days and dealt with orally administered dose (400 mg/kg wt) of grape seed oil for the same time. Overall groups (2-4), male chicken number became 30 used for 40.60 days at 7 hours per day. The schedule of work was achieved at 5 Gy/h of radiation equivalent dose with different exposure time for (20 and 40,60 days) on male chicken and at period 7 hours daily. The grape seed extract was bought from local market in Mosul City and filters from impure, as we found significant decrease in ratio of blood factors RBCs, WBCs, Hb and PCV with increasing of exposure time. This data changes with adding antioxidant materials as (grape seed oil) were the value of blood factors ratio enhancement by increasing the time of dose of these material compared with control group. The blood factors ratio of male chickens change with exposure time, with significant decrease by increasing exposure time, however, the protective material ( grape seed oil ) reduces the change in ratio % of the some blood factors compared with control group.


Export Contents
Suppose, you are editing a PSD file created in Photoshop and need to edit a smart object it contains. Since the "Edit Smart Object" command can't do this, you will need a workaround.
 1. Select the smart object in the Layers panel.
 2. In the Effects panel, double-click the "Export Contents" thumbnail.
 3. In the "Save" dialog that opens, choose a destination folder, file name (let it be "sample.psd") and click "Save".
 So, you have saved the smart object's contents as a separate PSD file.
 4. Now open the exported file "sample.psd" (File > Open), edit it as needed and save the file (File > Save).
 5. Choose the initial document, the "sample.psd" has been exported from.
 6. Make sure that the smart object is selected in the Layers palette and apply the "Replace Contents" effect.
 7. In the "Place" dialog that appears, browse to the "sample.psd" file and click "Place".
 Thus we have replaced the original smart object with a modified copy.
Previous Next
Exporting smart object contents to external file


Keyword Analysis & Research: podcasts for kids educational
Keyword Analysis
Keyword Research: People who searched podcasts for kids educational also searched
Frequently Asked Questions
Are there any podcasts that are good for kids?
Kids like to be informed and engaged, but talking to kids about the news can be a challenge. This podcast, created by moms who are broadcast journalists, offers young listeners five minutes of kid-friendly news (followed by a quick quiz) each day, five days a week.
Which is the Best Podcast for Curious Kids?
But Why: A Podcast for Curious Kids But Why answers questions from kids who want experts to tackle all their questions about anything under the sun, from why turtles have shells to how hurricanes form to what's up with different cultural beliefs in fairy tales.
What's the best age for a science podcast?
Age Range: Best for ages 8-18, but entertaining for older ages as well. This fast-paced, quirky podcast uses fictional stories to teach listeners about science. It's hosted by an emergency medicine physician, a science journalist, and a filmmaker.
Which is the Best Podcast for middle schoolers?
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text:
Nectar AiR for Emerging Artists 2023
In these uncertain times, a reunion between the city and the countryside may be the key to society's transition towards a more sustainable future.
Located in the midst of nature surrounded by endless forest, Nectar, in collaboration with Espronceda - Institute of Art & Culture & On Mediation_Platform on Curatorship and Research, presents its art residency program offering a community-based living and working experience for local and international emerging artists.
The residency is a unique opportunity to delve into the artistic and creative process enjoying rural environment and a great opportunity to connect with Barcelona's art scene. This residency welcomes multidisciplinary artists and creative practitioners who are challenging the assumptions made about rural life and culture, providing a new vision of the countryside grounded in everyday experience of the rural-urban binary. By pointing out the question of how art and culture can be used as an element to create rural-urban synergies, resident artists are invited to explore and contribute to this pairing.
Nectar is a non-profit cultural organization located in the midst of nature in the off-the-grid 16th-century farmhouse, surrounded by endless forest inside Les Guilleries Natural Park, about 1h and 30min drive north from Barcelona.
In its Artist Residency Program, Nectar will work in collaboration with Espronceda - Institute of Art & Culture and On Mediation_Platform on Curatorship and Research, an initiative of the Research Group Art Globalization Interculturality (AGI) from the University of Barcelona.
The culmination of the residency will be an exhibition at Espronceda exhibition space, one of the most innovative contemporary art center of Barcelona, where the artists will present their works within the frame of Art Nou Festival. The opening will be on July 13th 2023.
The artists will have the chance to present their work in an Open Studio event and gather along with guests and cultural agents from the local art scene, enabling a space of conversation and feed-back. A one-day visit to exhibitions, art spaces, artist's studios or other events in Barcelona will be organized by Nectar's team. During their residency, the artists will have access to Nectar's administrative and human support and to its network with local artistic and cultural community.
The residence is addressed to emerging artists. Artists must submit a project proposal that gives the reader a a clear understanding of their intended work. To apply, applicants must submit one PDF document (up to 10MB) including the following information by using the online application form:
- Project proposal
- Short bio/CV
- Portfolio (Up to 10 images and up to 3 links to videos). Documents can be written either in English or Spanish.
Results will be announced on April 10th, 2023.
Application period: January 26 - April 1 2023.


implementing participants
Participant receive workitems, do something about/to them. Then, if necessary, they reply to ruote with the [updated] workitem.
In its simplest form a participant implementation will take the form of a block participant.
 engine.register_participant :flush_garbage do |workitem|
 GarbageCan.find(workitem.fields['garbage_can_id']).flush
 end

In fact, this is equivalent to the following participant implementation (and registration) :
 class Flusher
 include Ruote::LocalParticipant

 def on_workitem
 GarbageCan.find(workitem.fields['garbage_can_id']).flush
 reply
 end

 def on_cancel
 # nothing to do
 end

 #def on_reply
 #end
 end

 engine.register_participant :flush_garbage, Flusher

Yes, you are right, the block participant's block is reproduced in the on_workitem method of the participant implementation, but a reply is added.
#on_workitem isn't the only method involved in a participant, there is also #on_cancel. Cancel is called when a process instance or a segment of it gets cancelled and the participant holds a workitem for the segment. The workitem has to be somehow cancelled / removed / rolled back.
Two optional methods also exist : #accept? and #on_reply. A participant with an accept? method is free to discard incoming workitems that it doesn't like. A participant with an on_reply method is usually some kind of proxy for a real (remote) participant; the on_reply method, when present, is called when the answer (workitem) comes back from the real participant.
By default, when a process instance execution reaches a participant expression, it runs the #on_workitem method of the participant in a dedicated Ruby thread. if the #do_not_thread method returns false, no extra thread is created, the #on_workitem call is done immediately (ie, it blocks the worker).
Ruote::Participant (class)
Ruote 2.3.0 brings a new Ruote::Participant class which includes the Ruote::LocalParticipant module and brings an empty implementation of on_cancel. Thus the above participant can be written:
 class Flusher < Ruote::Participant

 def on_workitem
 GarbageCan.find(workitem.fields['garbage_can_id']).flush
 reply
 end
 end

Ruote::LocalParticipant (module)
Most of the time, you'll want your participant to include the Ruote::LocalParticipant mixin.
It's named 'local' because it has access to the ruote storage.
Methods to implement or override when implementing a participant and some helpers granted by Ruote::LocalParticipant.
methods
helpers
#on_workitem
When a participant is handed a workitem, this method is called with the workitem as the argument.
 # computing the total for a invoice being passed in the workitem.
 #
 class TotalParticipant
 include Ruote::LocalParticipant

 def on_workitem
 workitem.fields['total'] =
 workitem.fields['items'].inject(0.0) { |t, item|
 t + item['count'] * PricingService.lookup(item['id'])
 }
 reply
 end
 end

Note the call to #reply when the work is done. Without this call (sooner or later), the process doesn't resume after this participant.
#on_cancel
If you don't immediately (and very quickly) reply to the engine in your #on_workitem method, you'd better have a #on_cancel implementation for your class.
 require 'fileutils'
 require 'yaml'

 # A plain "worklist" implementations, workitems are placed in files under
 # worklist/
 #
 # We assume the rest of the application reads those yaml files and
 # calls PlainWorklist.reply(workitem_h) when done with a workitem.
 #
 class PlainWorklist
 include Ruote::LocalParticipant

 # Called by ruote when there's work for our participant
 #
 def on_workitem
 h = workitem.to_h
 h['fei'] = workitem.fei.sid
 File.open("worklist/workitem_#{workitem.fei.sid}.yaml", wb) do |f|
 f.puts(h.to_yaml)
 end
 # no reply_to_engine
 end

 # When ruote has to cancel a process instance with an active workitem
 # for this participant, this method is called.
 #
 def on_cancel
 puts "(cancelling, flavour is #{flavour}"
 FileUtils.rm("worklist/workitem_#{fei.sid}.yaml")
 end

 # A method called by external systems when they're done with a workitem
 # hash, they hand it back to the engine via this method.
 #
 def self.reply(workitem_h)
 FileUtils.rm("worklist/workitem_#{workitem_h['fei']}.yaml")
 receive(workitem)
 end
 end

Our on_workitem method doesn't reply to the engine, at all. The reply occurs later, in the #reply class method. If a cancel order comes, the workitem stored on disk has to be removed.
When #on_cancel returns false, no reply will be emitted towards ruote. It can be useful in scenarii where the #on_workitem itself deals with cancel messages (and it has some way to know about them…).
cancel flavour
This parameter is usually set to 'cancel'. When a process is killed instead of cancelled, the flavour is set to "kill". Usually this parameter is simply ignored, but who knows, perhaps a different behaviour might be necessary in some context?
#accept?
Given a list of participant
 engine.register_participant 'al.+', FirstParticipantImplementation
 engine.register_participant 'al.+', SecondParticipantImplementation

the first participant whose regex matches the participant name is used. If that first participant has a method #accept?(workitem), it's called and if it replies with false, the next participant in the participant list is tried.
 class FirstParticipantImplementation
 include Ruote::LocalParticipant

 # Do something...
 #
 def on_workitem
 workitem.fields['message'] = 'kilroy was here'
 reply
 end

 # This participant will not accept workitems for non military contexts.
 # The next matching participant in the participant list will be consulted.
 #
 def accept?
 workitem.fields['context'] == 'military'
 end
 end

#on_apply
Equivalent to on_reply, but triggers before the workitem is dispatched to the participant. It gives participant implementers an opportunity to perform some operations before the dispatch. The typical example is adding some information to the workitem before it's passed on.
Note, that like for 'on_reply':#on_reply, on_apply is executed in the worker thread (whereas dispatch is performed, by default, in a new thread).
#on_reply
Roughly, there are two categories of participants, those who receive a workitem and reply immediately and those who take some time before replying.
In this second category, one can find participants that emit workitem to a remote participant. The workitem comes back via a listener usually.
Participants that provide a #on_reply(workitem) implementation are given a opportunity to tweak the workitem once it comes back.
Here is an example where an hypothetical WorkQueue is placed between the ruote system and the remote participant bound under the name "remote". The receiver pops messages and feeds the back to the engine. When workitems come back, the worker will hand it to the on_reply method of the participant.
 class MyRemoteParticipant
 #include Ruote::LocalParticipant

 def on_workitem
 WorkQueue.push(workitem_to_msg(workitem))
 end

 def on_reply
 workitem.fields['msg'] = "back at #{Time.now.to_s}"
 end

 protected

 def workitem_to_msg(workitem)
 # ...
 end
 end

 class Receiver < Ruote::Receiver

 def initialize(engine)
 super
 Thread.new { listen }
 end

 protected

 def listen
 loop { reply_to_engine(workitem_from_msg(WorkQueue.pop)) }
 end

 def workitem_from_msg(msg)
 # ...
 end
 end

 engine = Ruote::Engine.new(Ruote::Worker.new(Ruote::HashStorage.new))

 engine.register_participant :remote, MyRemoteParticipant

 receiver = Receiver.new(engine)

 # ...

#do_not_thread #dont_thread?
By default, when dispatching a work