text: Background: Faithful and accurate and successful cardiac biomechanics simulations require patient-specific geometric models of the heart. Such simulations can be performed using high-order partial differential equation solvers, such as finite element methods. Since cardiac geometry consists of highly-curved boundaries, the use of high-order meshes that consist of both curved and straight elements would ensure that the various curves and features present in the cardiac geometry are preserved and well-captured in the corresponding mesh. Moreover, high-order partial differential equation solvers will yield more accurate solutions when paired with high-order meshes. Methods: Here we propose a novel, direct method for generating high-order curvilinear tetrahedral meshes from clinical quality medical images using an advancing front approach. Our method takes a high-order surface mesh as input and generates a high-order volume mesh directly from that curved surface mesh. We employ our method to generate several second-order meshes of cardiac boundary representations for various left ventricle myocardia obtained from magnetic resonance images (MRI). Results: We use scaled Jacobian and equiangular skewness to assess the quality of our meshes. Acceptable scaled Jacobian values range from -∞ to 1, with values near 1 indicating the best quality. Equiangular skewness ranges from 0 to 1, where values closest to 0 indicate the best quality. The minimum scaled Jacobian for our meshes ranges from 0.106-0.123, whereas the maximum equiangular skewness values range from 0.879-0.919. Furthermore, our high-order cardiac meshes do not contain inverted elements and feature the high quality necessary for use in finite element simulations. Conclusion: Our method yields high-quality mesh elements at the time of mesh generation with minimal post-processing. We will extend our method to generate cardiac meshes that include additional features, such as the cardiac fiber architecture along with the myocardium, and demonstrate the mesh use for various cardiac biomechanics simulations.


13.3 Viewing a List of Software RAID Devices on a Server
Use the Software RAIDs task in the iManager Storage plug-in to create and manage your software RAID devices.
 1. In iManager, click Storage > Software RAIDs.
 2. Select a server in the Novell eDirectory tree where you are logged in.
 A list of software RAID devices appears in the Software RAIDs list. Depending on the number of devices, this can take a few seconds. Avoid clicking again in the page until it refreshes and displays the Software RAIDs list.
 3. Select a RAID device from the Software RAIDs list to view its details.
 For an overview of the subtasks available from this page, see Software RAIDs.


text:
Environmental Monitoring in Antarctica
Environmental monitoring is essential in Antarctica to allow assessment of the impacts of human activities. Examples of the this monitoring work carried out by BAS are given below.
Sewage outfall monitoring, Rothera Station
Until 2003, untreated sewage was discharged into the sea from Rothera Station. Monitoring of the receiving water before and after installation of a biological treatment plant showed a dramatic reduction in the sewage plume as indicated by faecal coliforms.
Concentrations of heavy metals in lichens and marine bivalves around Rothera Research Station.
Concentrations of lead, zinc, cadmium and other heavy metals in lichens and marine bivalves are measured. The results are used to assess whether any observed pollution is due to station activities, and to determine the area of contamination.
Skua Population breeding success
The impact of Rothera Research Station on the local South Polar Skua (Stercorarius maccormicki) population has been monitored for over 12 years. The monitoring programme has recently been expanded to include measurements such as chick weight, survival and egg dimensions.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


How Not to Choose an Expression
We sometimes have a requirement to select between two or more expressions dependant on user selections or some other condition. For example, this chart Expression.
 // Calculate with Commision
 SalesAmount - SalesAmount * CommissionRate)
 // Calculate without Commission
The if() will select one or the other sum() expression based on the value of the vWithCommmision variable. Because a variable is being tested — not a row value — only one sum() will be chosen for the entire chart.
If performance is important, this is not a good way to implement the requirement. QlikView does not "short circuit". Short circuit means to stop evaluating when the condition is true. QlikView will calculate both sums and then return one of those results.
Some people mistakenly believe that putting the above expression in a variable changes the behavior. This is incorrect. The if() evaluation is still done at the chart level and the performance impact remains.
A performant way to solve the requirement is to put each calculation into a separate chart Expression and use the Conditional property to select the Expression.
An Expression with a Conditional evaluating to False will not be calculated or displayed.
There is also the possibility of choosing the calculation in a variable, but you have to follow a few rules.
 1. The variable should return the string representation of the formula. Note the single quotes in the example below.
 2. The variable definition should begin with "=". This causes the if() to be evaluated only once.
 3. In the chart Expression, reference to the variable should be made with $(). eg $(vChooseCalc)
 SalesAmount - SalesAmount * CommissionRate)'
For more performance tips, join us at the upcoming "Masters Summit for Qlikvew" in San Francisco May 2015 where Oleg Troyansky presents an always enlightening session on Performance Tuning. Can't make SF? Check out the other dates and locations on the website.
14 thoughts on "How Not to Choose an Expression"
 1. Rob, I was recently informed that if you are desiging for the Ajax client you should NOT begin the variable definition with "=" as it impacts performance. Can you verify that is correct?
 1. It was during a consult with a Qlik employee at the World Conference in Orlando. It was within the context of chart performance in the ajax client.
 I load variables (constants and expressions) using a text file. He said that I should define the variables without using a "=". I haven't throughly tested it yet, but the expressions don't seem to work if you don't have the "=".
 2. Do you know if the same applies to PICK statements as to IF statements? We have a scenario where we're using those to select between a 5 options for how to calculate a specific field in the chart… if it's calculating all 5 options each time, that could obviously be a pretty big performance hit!
 3. Hi Rob
 As interesting as usual. Just a question, i use the pick() function when there are more than one expression, does it performs like an if, or just evaluates the "picked" expression?
 1. Pick performs just like an if(). That is, all expressions are evaluated and then the pick() is applied to select a result.
 4. Hello Rob,
 this is pretty interesting, but a little bit disturbing, at least for me.
 your definition of 'short circuit' doesn't match with these ones
 you said that qlikview will calculate both sums before to evaluate condition, also with a pick, as you wrote in a comment above.
 if this is true, this is a not really good feature for qlikview.
 Is there any kind of official doc about this from QlikTech?
 Thank you very much for your blog, I enjoy it a lot.
 Best regards
 5. Alberto,
 Actually, the lack of short circuiting is not always bad. In this thread read Henric's explanation of why they don't short circuit (about half way down the thread). In most cases it's a good thing. It only becomes a potential negative when testing a variable (vs a row by row condition) and even then is only noticeable in large apps.
 6. Hello Rob,
 Is it still true that false branches are not terminated? I have made different attempts to test this (11.2 SR6), but I can not verify it. Instead it seems like the following expressions get the same calculation time (SEK selected in SelectedCurrency):
 compared to
 (I would however anyway write this expression differently)
 7. I'm not aware of any changes to the eval logic. I did some recent testing and it appeared that all branches were evaluated. I should clarify that I have no way of knowing for sure what was actually executed, but I speculate based on timing tests as you do.
 I'm not sure why your test shows the same calc time. It could be your testing methodology or it could be something else I'm missing.
 8. I have a nested-if for a formatted Income Statement report that performs decently, but it's not ideal. Since the chart can have a blank line (for formatting purposes), an Earnings Per Share line (which is formatted differently – out to 3 decimals), and then all other lines formatted normally, the approach below is the only way I've thought to handle this. Is there any way around a nested-if in this case?
 if([Level] = 'Space',' ', // Blank Line
 if([Level] = 'EPS',$(eEPS(Actual)), // EPS
 if([Calculation]='Total', num(sum(-[Actual]*[Amount])/vDivideBy,'$#,##0;($#,##0)'),
 9. Mark,
 This is actually a very good use of if(). At some row of the chart, each condition of the expression will be true. This is a situation where QV's lack of "short circuit" is actually advantageous.
 The issue discussed in this post applies when only one condition could be true. Your if() statement looks fine to me.
 10. if condition are in which level gives good performance in script level are expression level?
 can any one help me.
Leave a Reply


Astronaut and Moon Squishy Ball
Stretch, squeeze and play with your Astronaut and Moon Squishy Ball
Place the Astronauts in the holes in your moon ball to resemble walking on the moon.
The moon ball stretches, squeezes and the Astronauts are also stretchy.
1 Stretchy moon ball and 2 astronaut figurine included
6cm Moon & 4.5cm Astronauts
Suit 3+
Engage the senses with squeezable, stress relieving, tension and pressure relief tools.


text:
PDF Studio 9 and above is capable of creating Signature Fields. Signature Fields allow you to create fields that your users can use to digitally sign the PDF document.
Creating Signature Fields
- Open the document that you wish to add Signature Fields to
- On the menu bar select Forms->Create/Edit Form
- Click on the Signature Field button located on the tool bar
- Once you click on the button you can place the Signature Field wherever you need it on the PDF document
- Use the black dots on the corners and edges to resize the shape of the box so that it fits the area that you need
- Once you have completed placing the Signature Field you can edit the Signature Fields's specific settings to customize the field even further. To open the Signature FIeld's settings menu either double click on the form or right click and select properties.
- Repeat steps 1-10 to create as many Signature Fields as you need.
- Once complete click on the Stop Form Editing button on the toolbar to close the form editor and save the document
- The Signature Fields will now be ready for you to use

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


JotForm User Guide / Advanced Features /
How to Adjust the Opacity of a Form's Background
How to Adjust the Opacity of a Form's Background
UPDATE: Now you can specify the transparency-level directly in our updated Form Designer.
Sometimes, instead of having the background of a form fully transparent or opaque, we would like something in between. For example, the form on this page has a black background whose opacity is set at 60%. The effect was accomplished by first setting the background to "transparent" via the form builder's Preferences and then injecting a special CSS rule. Here's a page containing a different form whose background has the same degree of opacity but a different color. This article explains how to edit the injected CSS to adjust both a form's background's opacity and color.
Here's the CSS that was injected into the first form.
The First Declaration
As you've probably guessed, "rgb" is short for "red green blue": the three primary colors. So "background:rgb(0, 0, 0);" simply means that the color of the background has no red, no green and no blue, making it black. Each parameter ranges from 0 to 255, meaning that 16,777,216 colors are possible (256 * 256 * 256).
The Second Declaration
This is similar to the first declaration, except that it includes a fourth parameter to set the opacity which ranges from 0.0 to 1.0. "0.0" is full transparency (same as no opacity) and "1.0" is no transparency (same as full opacity).
Declarations 3 to 5 (must be included to accommodate various versions of Internet Explorer)
There must be NO changes made to the third declaration: "background:transparent\9;" If you notice that the backslash before the 9 is missing when you return to the Form Styles tab of the Preferences, make sure you replace it before closing the Preferences. Save the form when done.
Declarations 4 and 5 each contain two identical hexadecimal values (each containing 4 pairs of alpha-numeric characters, excluding the hash symbol) that must be changed when adjusting the color and/or opacity of the background. Moreover, all four values must match each other. In each hexadecimal value, the first pair of characters set the opacity; the second pair, the red level; the third, the green level and the fourth, the blue level. You may have noticed that whereas in the second declaration, the opacity is set by the rightmost parameter, in these fourth and fifth parameters that property is set by the leftmost pair of characters. It's one of those gotchas of which one needs to be mindful.
For a consistent appearance across browsers, the opacity and color settings in the fourth and fifth declarations must be equivalent to those in the first and second declarations. (Of course, as stated earlier, the first declaration has no opacity setting.) There are several online tools to convert RGB values to their hexadecimal equivalents but here's a good one. As to converting the opacity in the second declaration to it's hexadecimal equivalent, the figure (there are nine of them: 0.1, 0.2, 0.3... 0.9) first needs to be multiplied by 255 and then the result entered into the "Decimal" box here. After entering the number, hit [Return] ([Enter]). The two characters that appear in the "hexadecimal" box are those that should replace the first pair of characters in the hexadecimal values in declarations 4 and 5. For your convenience, the conversions are listed below:
0.1 == 25
0.2 == 33
0.3 == 4C
0.4 == 66
0.5 == 7F
0.6 == 99
0.7 == B2
0.8 == CC
0.9 == E5
The two extremes of the scale ("0.0 == 00" and "1.0 == FF") were purposely omitted because the former produces full transparency which makes setting the color useless, while the latter produces full opacity negating the need to set the color with injected CSS (adjusting the background color via the "Background" box found on the same tab of the Preferences would be sufficient).
Armed with the above information, it should now be clear why altering the injected CSS in the first form to this should produce a form with a background like the second example.
See also:
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Introduction to IP Conflict Prevention of VigorSwitch
Nowadays, it is common that a company network consists of not only servers and PC, but also IoT devices, printer, IP cameras, and a lot more. Stability would always be the top priority, and IP conflict is one of the causes of unstable connections. In the past, the network administrator may need to take a long time to find conflict sources from the big network.
VigorSwitch supports IP Conflict Prevention (ICP) since firmware version 2.4.0. It helps the administrator to find out the conflicting port and IP and take action quickly. This article introduces ICP and demonstrates how to use it on VigorSwitch.
an illustration of network topology
ICP on Multiple Switches
ICP takes the advantages when there are multiple switches on the network, even if not all the switches support ICP. The edge switch can be other brands that you already have, and ICP would still work partially.
For example:
PC4 conflicts PC1: PC4 can't go through core switch, but PC4 still can access other hosts within edge switch.
PC2 conflict PC1: PC2 will be locked. It's because PC1 is configured to have the higher priority of using the IP.
an illustration of network topology
Conflict Warning
When IP conflict happens, ICP shows the conflict status on the GUI like below, so that the network administrator could be aware of where the problems are.
a screenshot of VigorSwitch
How to Set up ICP?
Quick Start Wizard will be convenient and easy way to set up.
a screenshot of VigorSwitch
1. In the Quick Start Wizard, first select a port to which DHCP server is connecting.
a screenshot of VigorSwitch
2. VigorSwitch will conduct a preliminary detection of the environment and show the port type. If the port is incorrect, click on the port to change the port type to the correct one
 1. DHCP server: Tell the Switch which port the DHCP Offer will come from so it can block illegal DHCP Offers.
 2. DHCP Client: The Switch automatically learn the DHCP offer/ack to each port, and dynamically add/remove the IP into the table, thus to protect LAN clients who receive IP from DHCP server.
 3. Static Binding: For connecting to a device with a static IP. The switch memorizes the "static IP/port" combination and protects LAN clients on the list.
 4. Multiple Hosts: For connecting to an AP or a switch, all the IP behind the port will all be protected. If there's conflict in this port, conflict status will show the port conflict itself.
 5. LAG:Accept multiple ports using same IP address without looping and conflicting
 6. Multiple Host with DHCP Server:Accept several IP addresses to a single port; these IP addresses include DHCP Clients or Static Binding Clients, and a host register to be a legal DHCP Server and gain protection.
an illustration of network topology
3. The switch will detect your network, and showing the hosts table. Remember to put the correct information on it.
a screenshot of VigorSwitch
4. Enable ICP, then ICP will be affected immediately.
a screenshot of VigorSwitch
1. If I have multiple switches in my network, what is the sequence to enable ICP on different switch layer?
We recommend to set the port type first (1-3 step on Wizard), then enable ICP on each layer.
2. We can set up the Mail Alert to let VigorSwitch send the message to notify the network administrator which port conflicts
3. When IP Conflict Prevention is processing, IP conflict detection can not be enabled.
a screenshot of Mail Alert
Published On:2019-01-23
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Botanical expedition
Summary
A botanical expedition is a scientific journey or voyage designed to explore the flora of a particular region. The expedition could be specifically designed for exploring the flora, or this could have been a part of studying the natural history of the region. A naturalist or botanist was charged with drawing and describing the flora, collecting specimens of unknown plants in a plant press, and identifying potential economically important plants.[1] On botanical expeditions funded by governments, the plants were often collected by the person in the field, but described and named by a government sponsored scientists at botanical gardens and universities. For example, many of the species collected on the Lewis and Clark Expedition were described and named by Frederick Traugott Pursh.[2]
References
 1. ^ Visible Empire: Botanical Expeditions and Visual Culture in the Hispanic Enlightenment, Daniela Bleichmar, University of Chicago Press, 2012
 2. ^ "Frederick Traugott Pursh (_PHONE_)". Plantsystematics.org. Retrieved 2013-08-29.


text:
I want to know methods which are fully parallelizable on CUDA architecture. I have implemented the Jacobi and Conjugate Gradient methods and now Im thinking about the Bi-Conjugate gradient method. I was using the cublas library to simplify some basic algebra operations. Someone said me that Gauss-Seidel is semi-parallelizable. I am new on CUDA, so I cannot understand some issues in the Cholesky descomposition or Gaussian-Elimination papers like:
I can't understand the new algorithms, so I am saying that I have to use the classic numerical algorithms(I am not able to "create" that kind of algorithms), something like.
The point is, does there exist any "theory" about parallelizing of those algorithms? Because it was easy for me the Jacobi parallelization and conjugate gradient methods, there was some saxpy and gemv operations inside the algorithms.
For example in the Cholesky's case the inner loop depends of the first, how we can solve this?
for k = 1 to n... for j = k + 1 to n
PS: I always developed the algorithms on C++ and from there I started to parallelizing process( it means the process of "discovering" how to parallelize )


text:
What is concrete written language? It is writing that is full of words that represent things we can see, hear, taste, touch and smell. We can see clouds. We can hear sirens. We can taste beer. We can touch the skin. We can smell perfume. See what I mean?
Concrete language is the opposite of vague language.
When a writer uses too much vague language, the writing loses impact. This is why it is better to show emotion then it is to tell the reader what emotion one or more characters are feeling.
If a character is in love, don't tell the reader that the character is in love. Show that the character is in love. And how does a writer show that a character is in love? There are several ways. Through the character's mannerisms, actions and dialogue. And when a writer does this, that writer's character will come alive for the reader because the reader will be able to see and hear that the character is in love.
That is much more satisfying for a reader than the writer telling the reader that the character is in love. Concrete language = show don't tell writing.
My Ebook of show don't tell fiction is ready for download on the Home Page of this blog.


OPIMsoft -- Expert on Offshore Pipeline Software Solution
 OPLAS -- Offshore Pipeline Laying Analysis System Introduction:
 OPIMS -- Offshore Pipeline Integrity Management System Introduction:
 OFFPIPE Grapher Introduction
OFFPIPE Grapher is used to read, filter, chart OFFPIPE output files and show maximum variable values. OFFPIPE was developed specifically for the modeling and structural analysis of nonlinear problems encountered in the installation and operation of offshore pipelines. OFFPIPE Grapher was developed to read and analyze OFFPIPE output files rapidly in pre-design stage of offshore pipeline installation.
OFFPIPE Grapher 1 OFFPIPE Grapher 2
 OFFPIPE Grapher Key Features
1. Read OFFPIPE output files.
2. Filter specified OFFPIPE output file and generate a filtered output file which contains only analysis results.
3. Chart specified OFFPIPE output file, show the data in several plots which can be saved as BMP files.
4. Find out touchdown point, maximum moment, reaction, total stress/strain and stress/strain percent.
It should be noted that only static, 2-D, and SI OFFPIPE output files are supported by OFFPIPE Grapher.
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text:
August 20, 2012
- coddle (verb)
- What does it mean?
- : to treat with extreme care : pamper
- How do you use it?
- "Big Ma was not one for coddling any of us, but now she turned from the stove and, wiping her hands on her long white apron, sat down on the bench and put her arm around Little Man." (Mildred D. Taylor, _Roll of Thunder, Hear My Cry_)
- Are you a word wiz?
The "pamper" sense of "coddle" comes from an earlier meaning that had to do with a special kind of careful treatment given to something delicate. What do you think was treated so carefully?We're not going to coddle you, just tell you that A is the right answer. When "coddle" first came to be part of the English language around 1600, the word meant to cook something slowly and gently in water that is just below the boiling point. Usually eggs are what's being cooked when "coddle" is used in this sense today, but when "coddle" was first being used, other foods, especially fruit, were also cooked by coddling. Because coddling is a very gentle way to cook something, such gentle treatment led to the extended meaning of "to treat with extreme care, pamper."


text:
Clue: Neighbor of Hercules
We have 1 answer for the clue Neighbor of Hercules. See the results below.
- Neighbor of Hercules in the night sky
- Constellation next to Hercules
- Vega's constellation
- Neighbor of Draco
- Neighbor of Cygnus
- Constellation between Cygnus and Hercules
- Constellation with a music-related name
- Harp constellation
- Stringed-instrument constellation
- Ring Nebula's constellation
Last Seen In:
- New York Times - June 07, 2013
- New York Sun - December 08, 2006
Found an answer for the clue Neighbor of Hercules that we don't have? Then please submit it to us so we can make the clue database even better!


text: Measurements were made of the wall pressure fluctuations in separated and reattaching flows over a backward-facing step. A new type of an array of pressure sensors, composed of PVDF (polyvinylidenefluoride), was employed to measure the spatio-temporal features of wall pressure field. Distributions of the root-mean-square (rms) pressure fluctuations as well as the pressure spectra and coherence of the surface pressure field were measured at various locations near the reattachment region. The experimental results showed that the level of fluctuating pressure rises rapidly in the downstream direction, reaching a maximum value near reattachment. As the reattached flow convects downstream, the low frequency content of the pressure spectrum decreases and the high frequency increases. A large-scale, convective spatial structure undergoes a relaxation process, evolving from its highly energized state at reattachment back toward an equilibrium.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
given object. This is the most standard way to call a member function.
(->> object member): This construct can be used to get the procedure associated with the given member.
(procedure? (->> object member))will be true.
(member object arg1...): This construct can be used to call a member function of a given object, after the member function has been made 'generic', using
def-generic member); it transforms into
(-> object member arg1...).
(-> this member arg1...): This construct can be used to call a member function from within an object. Use it to call a member as if it was called from outside of the object.
(-> supers member arg1...): This construct can be used to call a member of the object its'super' objects.
(member arg1...): Use this construct to call a member function in the current object ('class closure'), e.g.:
(def-class (this (operation2 _a _b)) (supers) (private (define a _a) (define b _b)) (public (define (operation2 a b) 'nil) (define (calculate) (-> this operation2 a b)) (define (calcthis) (operation2 a b))) (constructor)) (def-class (this (add a b)) (supers (operation2 a b)) (private) (public (define (operation2 a b) (+ a b))) (constructor)) > (define a (add 3 4)) > (-> a calculate) 7 > (-> a calcthis) nil >
operation2in the current closure context.
Accessing member variables
Public member variables can only be accessed from the outside as if they were member functions. E.g.:
(def-class (this (sample _a)) (supers) (private) (public (define a _a) (define (x2) (set! a (* a a)) (- a 1))) (constructor)) >(define obj (sample 4)) >(-> obj a) 4 >(-> obj a 20) 20 >(-> obj a) 20 >(-> obj x2) 399 >(-> obj a) 400
From within the current closure, a member function can use the member variable
as if it were a standard variable. This is illustrated in the previous
sample, using the
x2 member function.
def-generic, a macro can be defined, that wraps
-> macro. For example:
(def-generic x2) (def-generic a mem-a) >(mem-a obj 3) 3 >(x2 obj) 8 >(mem-a obj) 9
def-generic with one argument
arg1, a macro is defined,
that calls a member function that is named after
def-generic with two arguments
macro is defined with name
arg2, that calls member function
The ROOS API
obj is an instantiated Roos object;
var is a Roos class definition;
(class=? obj class)
Given an object
obj and a class-name
class, which must be a symbol or
the defined function for the class, determines if
obj is of type
If any super of
obj is of type
obj is of type
this function returns
(object? obj) and
(or (symbol? class) (procedure? class)).
_TAG_, if the given object
obj has been explicitly cleaned up.
Returns the tree of classes of which a object is made of. E.g., for
> (class a) (add (operation2))
(->> obj function)
This construct is used to retreive a specific member function from an object. Using this construct can speed up things considerably (about a factor 2 for calling overhead).
(roos-id obj) : number
Returns the id of the given object.
cleanup member of
obj (without arguments), if it exists,
obj has been invalidated, it cannot
be used anymore. Example:
(def-class (this (class-a a)) (supers) (private (define counter a)) (public (define (cl) this) (define var (* a a)) (define (inc b) (set! counter (+ counter b))) (define (get) counter) (define (count) (begin (-> this inc 1) (inc 2)))) (constructor (set! counter (* counter counter))) (explicit-cleanup (display "class-a says HI! - ")(display counter)(newline))) >(define a (class-a 32)) >a _TAG_ >(-< a) class-a says HI! - 1024 >a _TAG_ >(-> a get) ROOS:c-roos-call-member object has been invalidated (argument 0) >(roos-invalid? a) _TAG_
Is equivalent to
(-> obj function...)
Is used to call member functions.
(roos-dispatch obj symbol-for-member. args)
This function is used to dynamic dispatching of members. The member is provided as a symbol.
(roos-add-proxy obj obj-to-proxy-for) : obj
This will add all public members of
obj-to-proxy-for to the proxy
obj. If a given member cannot be found in the object
itself, it will be searched in the proxy classes.
(named-argument name:symbol arguments:list [default-value])
Can be used to get a named value from an argument list. Example:
>(named-argument 'text (list 'text "3" 'number 42) "no") "3" >(named-argument 'test (list 'text "3" 'number 42) "no") "no" >(named-argument 'test (list 'text "3" 'number 42)) _TAG_ >(named-argument 'yes (list 'text "3" 'number 42 'yes) '%noyes) '%roos-exists >(named-argument 'yes (list 'text "3" 'number 42 'yes 'nopo 665) '%noyes) 'nopo (define (f. args) (if (eq? (named-argument'mandatory-argument args 'undef) 'undef) (error "He, you're missing a mandatory argument!") _TAG_))
Note: If you are only interested if a certain named argument is there, i.e., you're using it as a kind of flag, you best test for a value as follows:
>(named-argument 'text (list 'text "3" 'number 42) "no") "3" >(named-argument 'test (list 'text "3" 'number 42) "no") "no" >(let* ((args (list 'a (list 2 43 1) 'flag 'flag1 'flag3)) (flag1 (named-argument 'flag1 args '%flag-not-there)) (flag2 (named-argument 'flag2 args '%flag-not-there))) (set! flag1 (not (eq? flag1 '%flag-not-there))) (set! flag2 (not (eq? flag2 '%flag-not-there))) (display (format "flag1=~a ~%" flag1)) (display (format "flag2=~a ~%" flag2)) (list flag1 flag2)) flag1=_TAG_ flag2=_TAG_ (_TAG_ _TAG_) >
(=> name:symbol arguments:list [default-value])
named-argument. This alias to
is in a remote way analogue to the perl way to do named arguments.
(c) 2005 Hans Oesterholt-Dijkema. Distributed undef LGPL. Contact: send email to hans in domain elemental-programming.org. Homepage: _URL_.
$Id: roos_manual.pod,v 1.4 2006/05/20 12:18:45 hoesterholt Exp $


Tutorial
Latest Tutorials
Run Copy and Ripper module concurrently
2019-10-24 22:18:24
With the redesigned Task Queue in DVDFab 11, users are able to run two or more tasks concurrently with the Copy and Ripper modules.Here below is the detailed tutorial for that. Before moving forward, make sure you've downloaded and installed DVDFab 11 at _URL_

1. Create a task in the Copy module

1.1 Launch DVDFab 11 to the Copy module, insert the to-be-copied DVD disc into the computer optical drive, and wait until DVDFab 11 finishes analyzing the DVD, then set up all the necessary settings as you normally do in DVDFab 10, but do not press the Start button for the time being. At this moment, you can see a red dot with the number 1 show up on the menu-like button near the top right corner of the main interface.

1.2 Click that menu-like button to open the Task Queue Manager window, where you can see the task is already added into the Current Task list, with a status label as Ready to Start.

1.3 Close this window and return to the main interface.

2. Create another task in Ripper module

2.1 Switch to the Ripper module from the top menu bar, you will see exactly the same source being loaded there. However, it is by default locked from any operation, which means, users need to switch the toggle button to unlock it so as to use it for the ripping task.

2.2 Click the toggle button to unlock the source, now you will see the number in the red dot has immediately changed into 2. At this point, you are able to set up all the conversion configurations (choose movie title, set preferred profile) as you normally do in DVDFab 10. When all is ready to go, press the Start button to initiate the tasks.

2.3 After clicking the Start button, the Task Queue Manager window shall pop up, showing you that the software has already started to process the ripping task, and the copy task is currently waiting in the task queue, which shall automatically start to process when the ripping task finishes.

Note: while the tasks are being processed, you can switch from the Task Queue Manager window and return to other DVDFab 11 modules, where you are still allowed to add more copy or ripping tasks, using another new source.
 - Discount
 Time-Limited Storewide 20% OFF
 Copy & Paste Coupon Code:
 JANB-FAB-OFF
 When Checking out.
 Note that this coupon is only valid till:
 Jan 21, 2020
 - DVDFab All-In-One
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 Gift 1: $30 Amazon Gift Card
 Gift 2: 5-Computer License
 - DVDFab DVD Copy
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text:
Thursday, September 10, 2009
The Genealogy of Communities: Fishing Camps
By definition a camp is defined as "temporary" living quarters. Many of those housed in camps were making their way to a new life, most were single, and women were few. In her most recent article, "The Genealogy of Communities: Fishing Camps," Judy Rosella Edwards explores the nature of fishing camps and suggests ways to back-track individuals who may have been found in these camps. Skilled workers, for example, may be found plying the same trade in their place of origin, as noted on the census. As fishing camps were "a haven for new immigrants," the article suggests ways of narrowing an ancestor's place of origin through ship manifests. Ideas are also provided for tracking an ancestor forward in time, as they build new lives.


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Finger Dowsing: How To Tell If Your Partner Is Faithful – by Tana Hoy
Did you know that you can use a secret psychic method of divination to tell if your partner is faithful? You don't have to use a pendulum, or other psychic tools such as Tarot cards to get this information. All you need is your mind, your will, and your index finger, to get an answer!
Finger Dowsing - An Excellent Method To Find Answers
To dowse is when you try to search for hidden objects, like water or treasures, with the use of instruments such as pendulums and dowsing rods. When you dowse with your finger, your finger becomes like a human dowsing rod. Instead of lusing it to look for objects, you can use it to find answers to questions, especially questions about love and relationships.
Learning to dowse with your finger is actually very convenient because you can do it very discreetly. For example, while you're sitting across from your date in a restaurant, waiting for your food to be served, you can secretly divine an answer to find out if he or she is really interested in having a relationship with you. Or when you are standing in line behind your partner, you can use it to see if they are being faithful, or telling the truth about something!
How To Be A Finger Dowser
Certain preparation is needed if you're going to use this finger technique to dowse, especially when it's your first time. But the most important advice I can give is, always try clear your mind of jealousy, vengeful thoughts, self-doubt, and other negative emotions, when using this method, as this will greatly affect the answer you will get.
Here are the steps you need to do to prepare yourself for using this method:
1. Every day for several days, spend time in a quiet room.
2. Focus your attention on the tip of your index finger – if you're right-handed, use your left index finger, and if you're left-handed, use your right one.
3. Visualize in your mind that the tip of your finger is like an antenna for receiving psychic energy. Imagine it becoming hyper sensitive to the energy of your surroundings.
4. Be clear in your mind that your index finger is for receiving vibrations, not sending them out, because you don't want to accidentally zap someone with your focused energy.
5. Point it at different objects in the room, and try to sense their energy through your finger.
How To Calibrate Your Finger
After a few minutes of doing this, you will need to calibrate your finger:
1. First, point your index finger at nothing in particular, and hold it steady for a few moments, and then start moving it up and down. Affirm in youe mind that this up and down movement means "yes." Keep practicing this until you feel comfortable associating this finger movement with a "yes" answer.
2. Next, point your finger steadily forward again, and move it from side to side, allowing yourself to accept that this means "no." Repeat this until you feel comfortable knowing that this is a "no" answer!
3. Now, point your finger steadily forward again but this time move it in a circular finger movement. Program your mind to know that this means "uncertain."
Now, practice asking yes or no questions that you know the answer to. For example, point your finger at the lamp and ask yourself, "Is the lamp turned on?", etc. See if you can get a response.
You will need to practice this exercise several times a day, whenever possible. Don't fret if you don't get a response right away. It takes lots of practice and patience.
Once you're confident of your ability at getting answers using finger dowsing, you are ready to use this technique to answer your question about your partner.
How To Finger Dowse
- Before you meet your partner, spend some time meditating. You need to clear your mind of negative emotions, and be as relaxed as possible.
- As you meditate, focus your mind on this person. Try to see him or her objectively – as a person. Imperfect, yet perfect in his or her own right.
- After a while, form the question you want to ask. Remember, it has to be answerable by yes or no, and it needs to be objective so your personal emotions won't influence the outcome.
- Ask your question several times inside your mind. Then let it go.
- Relax your mind for another few minutes, then slowly bring yourself out of your meditative state.
Finger Dowsing is really simple to do!
1. Look for an opportunity where you can discreetly use your finger dowsing. You can do it under the table, or while you're watching a movie. Just make sure that you do it discreetly, since no one enjoys being pointed at.
2. Point your finger discreetly at your partner.
3. Ask your question inside your head.
4. Wait for your finger to give you an answer.
Now, remember, if you get an answer you don't particularly like, it's not good manners to start a fight or storm out. It's always best to talk it over, and settle the score.
If you want to know if someone is faithful, or confirm what you suspect, during a psychic reading I can give you the right advice and show you how to handle this situation! You can schedule a psychic reading with me by clicking here now!


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Hybrid optical switching (HOS) is a switching paradigm that aims to combine optical circuit switching, optical burst switching, and optical packet switching on the same network. This paper proposes a novel integrated control plane for an HOS core node. The control plane makes use of a unified control packet able to carry the control information for all the different data formats and employs an appropriate scheduling algorithm for each incoming data type. Three possible node architectures are presented and an analytical model is introduced to analyze their power consumption. Also, the concept of increase in power efficiency is introduced to compare the considered architectures. The performance and power consumption analysis of the node have been carried out through the use of a simulation model developed specifically for the scope. The obtained results show the effectiveness of HOS networks.
©2011 Optical Society of AmericaFull Article | PDF Article
OSA Recommended Articles
Matteo Fiorani, Maurizio Casoni, and Slavisa Aleksic
J. Opt. Commun. Netw. 5(5) 484-497 (2013)
J. Opt. Commun. Netw. 1(3) 245-258 (2009)
Andreas Drakos, Theofanis G. Orphanoudakis, and Alexandros Stavdas
Opt. Express 20(16) 17421-17439 (2012)


Washing, conveying and milling
Voran's machines can significantly reduce the time spent on different processes and increase the efficiency of production. The cleaning and sorting table is a combination device for cleaning and manual sorting of fruit and vegetables that helps to prepare fruit for milling process more efficiently.
Washing-elevating-milling systems help to save time on transporting fruits and vegetables from washer to the mill and allow higher throughput. These Voran machines are washing fruits and vegetables and also shred them in the same device right after washing process. After milling process the fruit pulp is ready to be pressed.


Active Directory Group age
(5 Ratings)
Description
Queries Active Directory to get a list of all user groups, the date it was created and last modified, and writes the output to a CSV file. Useful when cleaning up Active Directory.
Note: The script uses rootDSE to bind to the domain in which you are logged into. If you are in a forest scenario and want to bind to the root you can replace ("defaultNamingContext") with ("rootDomainNamingContext").
Source Code
This script has not been checked by Spiceworks. Please understand the risks before using it.
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'==========================================================================
' Name: GroupAge_AD.vbs
' Author: Jose Cruz (merlinpr)
' Date: 11/04/2009
' Desc: Queries Active Directory for all group objects and writes the date
' when it was created and last modified to a CSV file.
'==========================================================================
On Error Resume Next
Const ADS_SCOPE_SUBTREE = 2
Set RootDSE = GetObject("LDAP://RootDSE")
domainContainer = rootDSE.Get("defaultNamingContext")
Set objConnection = CreateObject("ADODB.Connection")
Set objCommand = CreateObject("ADODB.Command")
objConnection.Provider = "ADsDSOObject"
objConnection.Open "Active Directory Provider"
Set objCommand.ActiveConnection = objConnection
objCommand.Properties("Page Size") = 1000
objCommand.Properties("Searchscope") = ADS_SCOPE_SUBTREE
objCommand.CommandText = _
 "SELECT Name, whenChanged, whenCreated FROM 'LDAP://" & domainContainer & "' WHERE objectCategory='group'"
Set objRecordSet = objCommand.Execute
objRecordSet.MoveFirst
Set objFSO = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
Set objLogFile = objFSO.CreateTextFile("ADGroups_Age.csv", _
 ForWriting, True)

Do Until objRecordSet.EOF
 objLogFile.Write objRecordSet.Fields("Name").Value & ","
 objLogFile.Write objRecordSet.Fields("whenCreated").Value & ","
 objLogFile.Write objRecordSet.Fields("whenChanged").Value
 objLogFile.Writeline
 objRecordSet.MoveNext
Loop
objLogFile.Close
objRecordset.Close
objConnection.Close
Join or Login to share what you think!
6 Comments
 - merlinpr
 Thai Pepper
 merlinpr
 Changed the script to bind to rootDSE insdead of having people type the domain name in the LDAP query manually. Thanks to Martin9700 for the suggestion. I wrote the script very quickly to try to answer a question on a post and got lazy...lol
 - Shane Fontenot
 Thai Pepper
 Shane Fontenot
 Could you tweak this to show the age of computer accounts? Nice script for getting the age of groups but it would be more helpful if it listed computer account age for AD cleanup. Thanks.
 - merlinpr
 Thai Pepper
 merlinpr
 shanfont, to check the age of computer accounts you might want to look into OldCmp from Joeware: _URL_ I could modify the script to do what you asked very easily but OldCmp can do so much more. I recommend you download it and just run (from command line) oldcmp /? so you can see all the options. I use it to check the age of computer accounts and have it save the output to HTML. I must warn you that it is a very powerful tool so be careful if you use it for anything other than reporting.
 - Castle6342
 Pimiento
 Castle6342
 Hi, This is a great script and thanks for posting. I'm wondering what I would have to do to add the description of the Group on the excel sheet. I have tried adding the "description" attribute to the script but it just doesn't work.
 - Ben6294
 Pimiento
 Ben6294
 Massively awesome. You just saved me a lot of time. I would imagine that I can just modify the ' WHERE objectCategory='group'" to ' WHERE objectCategory='Computer'" to get the same info right?
 - collinmarsden1
 Pimiento
 collinmarsden1
 Is there a way to have a "last used" column?


text:
Instructions for Curing Your Pizza Oven
Follow these instructions for curing your pizza oven. Curing wood fired ovens is critical to your pizza oven's performance. Failure to follow these instructions can result in damage up to and including cracking the dome, severely impacting heat retention.
NOTE: If you have a gas assist commercial oven, there are shortcuts to the curing process you can find in the Installation Manual. A Forno Bravo technician can be made available through our contact form to help walk you through some tricks to make this easier.
1-Why is proper curing so important?
When cast, your oven contains a high ratio of water to concrete that has to be baked out of the oven. This curing process actually strengthens the dome when done properly. However, if the oven gets too hot too fast, that water seeks to escape the entire dome's thickness simultaneously and can result in cracking the dome.
Also, after you have installed your oven, there is still a great deal of moisture in the mortars, hearth concrete, vermiculite, and the oven chamber and vent. Each of these oven components was recently produced using an air-drying, water-based process. Simply letting the oven stand for a week does not "cure" the moisture out of the oven.
2-Can I cure the oven dome without installing the insulation and decorative facade?
Technically you can, but it isn't recommended for a few reasons:
- Without insulation, you will experience heat loss making it more difficult to manage to proper temperatures;
- Without insulation, it can present a fire and safety hazard;
- After cure, your oven can reach temperatures in excess of 1000 deg F, so if you cure it, then do your stucco facade, the first time you cook pizza the stucco will also have water that tries to dry and cure causing it crack and possibly ruin your seal on the oven.
3-When can I start my curing process?
Before you start the curing process, let the complete oven sit for one week. It doesn't matter if it rained during that week, moisture often helps the natural strengthening of the refractory material.
If you purchased a fully assembled pizza oven from Forno Bravo, this doesn't apply as the assembly time in our facility is sufficient.
4-How do we cure the oven?
While it is difficult to maintain consistent, low-temperature fires, it is critical for proper curing that you do not go above these temperatures during the first two days.
It is important that you cure your pizza oven slowly over a 5 day period. You build a series of five increasingly larger fires, starting with a low temperature (see below). The first-day fire is no more than kindling and thin strips of wood.
Day 1: 300ºF for 6 hours (longer is better)
Start and maintain the fire in the center of the interior dome wall, not on either side or back of the oven. You don't want the fire to get too high and touch the dome as direct contact with the fire will spike temperatures.
You won't put the door all the way in the oven, but rather use it as a windbreak allowing about a 1-inch gap once the fire is lit. Lean the door back on its handle allowing the temperature gauge to get an accurate temperature. Also, this will help direct the smoke up the vent because at lower temperatures the wood will not burn off the impurities as fast.
Using the analog temperature gauge provided in the oven door/frame. The temperature gauge reads the oven's air temperature. For a more accurate temperature reading of the oven refractory surfaces, which can be use for many types of cooking, you can use the optional Digital Infrared Thermometer, which can be purchased in the Forno Bravo Store.
You want to measure the temperature at the dome of the oven, not the side wall or floor. This will be the hottest point of the oven. The temperature can vary slightly, but try not to exceed the temperature for that day's cure schedule by more than a few degrees, better to be 20 degrees cooler than hotter. Especially on day one and two.
Close the oven door every evening to preserve dryness and heat.
Day 2: Repeat process at 350ºF
Day 3. Repeat at 400ºF
Day 4. Repeat at 450ºF
Day 5. Repeat at 500ºF
- Use solid wood fuels only.
- DO NOT use charcoal, pressure treated lumber, chipped wood products, sappy wood such as pine, laminated wood or any material other than dry medium or hard firewood.
- DO NOT USE liquid fuel (firelighter fluid, gasoline, lantern oil, kerosene or similar liquids) to start or maintain a fire.
- You can start the fire with an acetylene torch if you have one handy.
- Food grade fire starters are considered acceptable aids when starting a fire.
- Do not use products not specified for use with this oven.
- Never use water to lower the temperature inside the oven, or to extinguish the fire. This will increase wear and tear on your oven and can lead to "spalling" pitting and cracking your floor tiles.
- There must be a period of time between completing the masonry work and beginning the actual firing cure.
- Longer is better than shorter, particularly for the actual dome cement.
- The cement and mortar must cure first and this process is actually improved by keeping the cement moist and not letting it dry out.
- Space heaters should not be used to cure an oven. It will produce a high amount of steam in the oven and can become a safety hazard so it is not recommended.
- If you notice a black smoke coming from the oven, don't panic, that is food grade grease which is used in the de-molding process. The smoke will be a little heavy for the first 2 days and will dissipate through the rest of the curing process.
Congratulations. Your oven is complete and ready for Cooking.


text:
Trass is a natural pozzuolana. Natural pozzuolana is the natural rock described as in TS EN 197-1 and identified reactive SiO2 content is minimum 25,0% by mass.
Natural pozzuolana is the material creating resistance by showing hydraulic characteristic by forming calcium silicate and calcium aluminate compounds with calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2] solved at normal ambient temperature in the presence of water and when it is ground finely and not showing hydraulic characteristics. Essentially, it is formed by reactive silicium dioxide (SiO2) and aluminum oxide (Al2O3) and remaining comprises of iron (III) oxide (Fe2O3).
Trass requirement is met from the quarries close to our plant.
After determining the hydraulic characteristic (pozzolanic activity) of natural pozzuolana in pressure created by water and slacked lime [Ca(OH)2] when it is ground finely, its suitability as the additive is determined.


text:
A How-to-Guide for Student Leadership Summits
September 24, 3:00 – 4:00 p.m. ET, 1.0 PDH credit
This free webinar has been developed by ITE Student Chapters for ITE Student Chapters and will focus on the Student Leadership Summit (SLS). Students who attend this webinar will receive background information on what SLS is and why it is important for chapters to be involved. The webinar will also share some brief statistics on other ITE Student Chapters' involvement with SLS, including budgets, attendees, and qualitative assessments on how SLS has helped their chapters.
Furthermore, students attending this webinar will receive tips on how they can maximize the value of attending SLS for their chapter. In terms of hosting SLS, the information will be provided to help student chapters determine if hosting is right for them. Useful advice from students who have recently hosted an SLS will also be provided to help student chapters overcome common challenges and barriers.
- Understand what SLS is and why it is important
- Gain insight on other student chapters' involvement levels in SLS and their views on its advantages and disadvantages
- Learns ways to make attending SLS effective for your chapter
- Understand the advantages and disadvantages of hosting an SLS
- Gain advice on hosting an SLS


text:
Definitions for pericope
This page provides all possible meanings and translations of the word pericope
A section of text forming a coherent thought, suitable for use in a speech.
A passage of Scripture to be read in public worship or a book containing such passages.
Origin: From late Latin pericope, from Greek περικοπή 'section', from peri- + κοπή 'cutting', from κόπτειν 'to cut'.
a selection or extract from a book; especially (Theol.), a selection from the Bible, appointed to be read in the churches or used as a text for a sermon
Origin: [L., section of a book, Gr. ; peri' around + to cut.]
A pericope in rhetoric is a set of verses that forms one coherent unit or thought, suitable for public reading from a text, now usually of sacred scripture. Manuscripts, often illuminated, called Pericopes, are normally abbreviated Gospel Books only containing the sections of the Gospels required for the Masses of the liturgical year. Notable examples, both Ottonian, are the Pericopes of Henry II and the Salzburg Pericopes. Lectionaries are normally made up of pericopes containing the Epistle and Gospel readings for the liturgical year. A pericope consisting of passages from different parts of a single book, or from different books of the Bible, and linked together into a single reading is called a concatenation or composite reading.
Find a translation for the pericope definition in other languages:
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Documentation Center
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Define and Use Structure Parameters
Defining Structure Parameters
To define structure parameters in MATLAB Function blocks, follow these steps:
 1. Define and initialize a structure variable
 A common method is to create a structure in the base workspace. For other methods, see Structure Parameters.
 2. In the Ports and Data Manager, add data in the MATLAB Function block with the following properties:
 PropertyWhat to Specify
 NameEnter same name as the structure variable you defined in the base workspace
 ScopeSelect Parameter
 TunableLeave checked if you want to change (tune) the value of the parameter during simulation; otherwise, clear to make the parameter non-tunable and preserve the initial value during simulation
 TypeSelect Inherit: Same as Simulink
 3. Click Apply.
FIMATH Properties of Non-Tunable Structure Parameters
FIMATH properties for non-tunable structure parameters containing fixed-point values are based on the initial values of the structure. They do not come from the FIMATH properties specified for fixed-point input signals to the parent MATLAB Function block. (These FIMATH properties appear in the properties dialog box for MATLAB Function blocks.)
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This documentation is archived and is not being maintained.
DataSourceImpersonationInfo Element (ASSL)
Contains the information used to determine impersonation behavior when connecting to the data source for a Database element.
<Database>
 <DataSourceImpersonationInfo>
 <!-- Child elements are only those inherited from ImpersonationInfo -->
 </DataSourceImpersonationInfo>
</Database>
Characteristic Description
Data type and length
ImpersonationInfo Data Type (ASSL)
Default value
None
Cardinality
0-1: Optional element that can occur once and only once.
Relationship Element
Parent elements
Database
Child elements
None
Show:


What Does Wine Sound Like? Italian Engineers Create Audio Profiles for Vintages
Ever wondered what your favorite wine would sound like? Some sound engineers in Italy set out to create auditory profiles for their country's best vintages. They created the sound for each wine on a computer and when they insert a probe into the wine, it will make music depending on how the wine is moved around in the glass. The project is still in the early development stages, but they hope to one day offer it to wine producers and restaurants. Inside Edition Digital's Mara Montalbano has more.
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text:
This chapter explores the profound impact of farming on North Atlantic vertebrate biota, reviewing evidence for the introduction of domesticated faunas and of the irrevocable changes to the island landscapes and environments effected in particular by pastoralism and the exploitation of marine resources. The North Atlantic islands have different settlement histories. There is a continuous record of farming communities in Orkney and Shetland from the mid third millennium BCE onwards. The chapter discusses that some of the ways people have exploited the seas around the North Atlantic islands from the arrival of the Vikings onwards, thus focusing on the centuries in which humans have had a long-lasting and sustained impact on the fauna of the sea. The distinctive treeless landscapes of the North Atlantic islands are largely a product of the farming practices associated with the management of the imported domestic livestock.
|Title of host publication
|Biogeography in the Sub‐Arctic
|Subtitle of host publication
|The Past and Future of North Atlantic Biota
|Eva Panagiotakopulu, Jon Sadler
|Place of Publication
|John Wiley & Sons Inc.
|Number of pages
|Published - 20 Apr 2021


Black Granite Stains
Malicious Stone Doctoring
Do you have black granite stains, ghost marks or white rings? Should black granite change over time? Below is a quick Q&A on the possible causes and solutions.
What Is Malicious Stone Doctoring?
Temporarily altering the look of the stone without telling you. Making a gray stone black. Taking a black stone with a few imperfections or color variations and dying it a solid black.
Black Granite Stains
Why Are Stones Doctored?
Sometimes stones are maliciously doctored to obtain a higher price. Sometimes they are doctored to make them look like a more expensive stone but are sold for less.
Altering the color of a stone without telling you is most common with the black granites. The blacker the stone the higher the price.
How Is It Done?
An industrial oil or a shiny black wax is applied to the surface of a gray stone to make it appear blacker or darker. On other stones, a topical paint might be applied to change the color of the stone.
What Happens?
Over time the doctoring agent wears off leaving rings or marks lighter than your stone.
These marks or rings look like black granite stains.
How Do I Know If A Stone Has Been Maliciously Doctored?
Test The Stone Before Buying It:
Resined Slab
 1. Try the Lemon Juice Test.
 2. Wet the unpolished side of the stone. What color is it?
 3. Look at the edge of the slab before it is fabricated. The edges of a doctored stone will look like a varnish was carelessly applied.
 NOTE: The edges of a resined stone also look like this. Resining is a good thing but MOST high quality black granites are not resined.
After Installation:
Remember that a true stain is always darker than the stained material. A true stain is NEVER lighter than material that is supposedly stained. If the area in question is lighter than the rest of the stone it is either:
 - Surface Damage - Etching. Your stone is sensitive to acids.
 - Doctored - Your stone is dyed.
Does Granite Etch?
MOST granites do not etch but some do!
How Can I Tell If My Stone's Been Doctored Or If It's Etched?
Look at the gloss of the stone where the MYSTERY MARK is. Still shiny? Etches are dull.
What If My Stone Is Doctored?
 1. If you were unaware of the doctoring and you paid for a different stone than was installed, have the fabricator replace it with the correct stone. OR,
 2. Remove all of the doctoring agent and live with the color.
How Do I Avoid Buying A Doctored Stone? Lemon Juice Test
 - Test the slab you plan to buy. Lemon Juice Test.
 - Have the fabricator put in writing that the stone has no artificial colors or temporary dyes applied.
Will My Fabricator Knowingly Install A Dyed Stone?
MOST fabricators will not knowingly install a dyed stone.
"If doctoring produces a permanent result and it's disclosed to you, theres nothing wrong with it.
If the doctoring produces a temporary result and you are unaware of it, that is deceptive".
Maurizio Bertoli
You'll find More hints & tips on:
Care For Granite Black Granite Stains Etched Marble Black Granite
Return from Black Granite Stains to Stone & Granite Care Tips
Return from Black Granite Stains to Natural Stone Interiors Home
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text:
This paper examines effects of three dams on flow characteristics of Insiza River on which they are located. The storage capacities of these dams varies from an equivalent of 48–456% of the mean annual runoff. Mean annual runoff and annual maximum flood flows have not been modified by the presence of these dams. The average number of days per year without runoff had decreased downstream of two dams. A comparison was made of flow duration curves at sites upstream and downstream of the selected dams. Significant differences were detected between the flow duration curves of upstream and downstream sites. Exceedance frequencies of low flows had decreased downstream of two dams, while these had increased downstream of the other dam. The study recommends development of operating rules for these dams that will ensure that changes detected in low flows do not adversely affect instream flow requirements.
Financed by the National Centre for Research and Development under grant No. SP/I/1/77065/10 by the strategic scientific research and experimental development program:
SYNAT - "Interdisciplinary System for Interactive Scientific and Scientific-Technical Information".


How to clean leather
Here are some tips on how to clean leather. First you need to identify which type of leather is to be cleaned. There are two types of leather you may find in your household. One is unfinished leather such as work boots and saddles and the other is finished leather such as furniture, luggage and clothing. Finished leather has had a protective layer applied to it so it requires less care.
 Cleaning leather can be a risky process, especially if you are not sure how to do it. Always test a small part of the leather you are cleaning before beginning the full process.
To clean finished leather:
1. Use a small amount of moisturizing soap on a damp cloth and bring it to a lather before applying to the leather. An example of a moisturizing soap is Dove.
2. Bring the damp cloth to the leather trying to keep as much water off the leather as possible.
3. Using a fresh, damp cloth, wipe away the lather. Never rinse the leather in water.
4. Finish by polishing the leather with a dry towel. Also, where possible, treat the leather using a leather conditioner after it is completely dry.
To clean unfinished leather:
1. With a damp cloth, rub saddle soap directly into the leather working the soap into a light lather.
2. Wipe away the lather with a clean, fresh cloth.
3. Allow to air dry
4. Lightly spread a leather preservative, such as mink oil, on the leather to finish and give a polished look.
For more help, try professional cleaning services
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Photo © The Israel Museum, Jerusalem
Statue of a figure with a large basin
Late Canaanite period, 15th-13th century BCE
H: 110; W: 90; Diam: 78 cm
Israel Antiquities Authority
Accession number: IAA _PHONE_
This statue was found in the throne room of the palace/temple at Hazor. It shattered into hundreds of fragments in the fire that destroyed the city. Though nothing like it has come to light anywhere in the Near East, its style bears a clear link to Syrian and Hittite art. The basin suggests it was used in a religious rite.
The figure wears a pendant in the shape of a crescent with an eight-rayed star, symbols of a prominent deity. However, there is no way of telling whether it represents a god or a ruler.
Beliefs and Believers; Ancient Art from the Israel Museum, Israel Museum, Jerusalem, 31/05/2007 - 05/11/2009


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Unitary in a sentence
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Sentence count:147Posted:2016-12-13Updated:2016-12-13
Similar words: unitary systemmilitaryunituniteunityguitarpunitiveimpunityMeaning: ['juːnɪtərɪ] adj. 1. relating to or characterized by or aiming toward unity 2. of or pertaining to or involving the use of units 3. characterized by or constituting a form of government in which power is held by one central authority 4. having the indivisible character of a unit.
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1. Wales will be divided into 21 unitary authorities instead of eight counties and 37 districts.
2. We are predisposed towards unitary authorities.
3. Operations should be run by a highly centralized unitary body which would provide services on the trunk routes of the world.
4. In the large conurbations, the creation of unitary authorities has required new quangos and joint boards to handle such issues.
5. We will reform principal local councils into a unitary system based on natural communities and the wishes of local people.
7. In unitary states, governments must evaluate the trade-off between higher taxes and higher welfare benefits.
9. They argue strongly for the retention of the unitary board(, where all directors take collective responsibility for all board decisions.
10. The major advantage of a unitary state is the presence of clear, hierarchical authority.
11. As such it complements the introduction of unitary development plans for the metropolitan districts.
12. In the unitary and harmonious female Spirit-Self there will be no such splits.
13. The new unitary authorities there will be known as county councils.
14. This highlights the second major difficulty with the theories, the general assumption that there is a unitary dimension of arousal.
15. The Royal Commission had recommended a regional tier as a necessary complement to a unitary system of local authorities.
16. Unitary Because all legislative power stems from Parliament,[] we have a unitary as opposed to a federal constitution.
17. Such a step allows development of theory which can explain social transformation in terms of unitary types of activity. 2.
18. It was becoming an alliance of the trade union movement with a unitary political party.
19. We believe that there are strong arguments in favour of unitary authorities.
20. Being defined in terms of tension or paradox, ambiguity's potential diversity was restored to some sort of unitary wholeness.
21. Green Belt functions were transferred to the lower tier authorities who are now required to prepare unitary development plans for their areas.
22. Indeed, it helps to demolish the farcical notion of general, unitary intelligence altogether.
23. The smallest metropolitan county had, therefore, a population approximately double that of the largest unitary authority.
24. One way to tackle these is to recall the words of musicians who were disturbed by unitary control.
26. In a statement Mr Gould said Labour was committed to unitary authorities.
27. More than 70 percent of the current countries are unitary states.
28. Operational experience of real systems design reinforces doubts about the allocation of function concept as a basis for a unitary systematic procedure.
29. These staff members would have to be replicated in any unitary structures that emerge following reform in this region.
30. The degree to which the entire godhead is evoked as a unitary spiritual conception depends upon the circumstances.
More similar words: unitary systemmilitaryunituniteunityguitarpunitiveimpunitycommunitydietarymunitionsmomentarysecretaryvoluntarycommentarymilitarismopportunityelementarydocumentaryunited nationstotalitarianismstarstaretunicuniqueunionnitstarttarrytarget
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On the joint eigenvalue distribution for the matrix ensembles with non zero mean
Exact distributions are given for the two-dimensional case when the mean of the off-diagonal element is non-zero. The joint eigenvalue distribution for theN dimensional case, derived using the volume element in the space ofN ×N orthogonal matrices, is checked by rederiving the exact results forN=2. The smooth nature of theN-dimensional joint distribution supports the claim of the method of moments that the single eigenvalue distribution is a smooth function of the ratio of mean-to-mean square deviation.
Volume 94, 2020
Continuous Article Publishing mode
Click here for Editorial Note on CAP Mode


Output Power
Similar Terms: Transmit Power, pp, rms, RMS, PP, Power Output, PTP, P-T-P, peak to peak
Output power, or Transmit Power, is measured either as peak to peak (pp) or Root Mean Squared.
(PP is also a shorter term for polypropylene).

Peak to Peak (pp) is far less accurate than rms. We make the analogy of pp like being the maximum speed shown on a car speedo, achieveable only on a good day, down hill with a tail wind. In other words occassional if you are lucky.

Root Mean Squared (rms) is day in day out average continuous power. When comparing power outputs, you must compare like with like; because P-T-P numbers are 8 times higher than rms numbers.

In fishfinders/sonars, the power output is the amount of sound energy emitted into the water by the Transmitter.

Higher power output allows a higher penetration of Sonar signal through weeds and Thermoclines, reaching greater depths and allowing better operation in noisy environments. However, the traditional [autolinksExclude=way] of thinking was that higher power output meant a better Fishfinder, but with the introduction of Broadband transmitters using power more efficiently and alternating and spectrum scanning, the equation is no longer that simple because too much can be a disadvantage in very shallow water as with stronger signals comes more Noise.

Some brands such as Lowrance & Simrad have redefined Output Power as being the [autolinksExclude=sole] determinate of good performance. Their broad band technology uses less power more efficiently & reduces the background Noise, enabling small Fish to be seen at a deeper depth.

Output Power

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The FBC Guide To Using Dried Fruit | Food Bloggers of Canada
An Allergen Friendly Guide To Dried Fruit | Food Bloggers of Canada
Dried fruit is an ingredient we probably don't think about when we consider allergy risks. After all, it's just fruit that's had the moisture sucked out of it, right?
Not always, unfortunately. In today's column, I'll walk you through some the allergy and health considerations you may want to be mindful of when using dried fruit or cooking for someone with an allergy.
Dried Fruit and Gluten-Intolerance/Celiac Disease
If you're serving food or desserts to people with celiac disease or a gluten intolerance, be aware dried fruits may be contaminated with sources of gluten. Some companies that sell dried fruits coat them with glutenous flours so they don't stick together. You probably won't be able to see the flour with the naked eye, but the presence of flour is enough to trigger a reaction in someone who is gluten intolerant or has celiac disease. It's typically a good bet to ask the grocery store manager or call the company to double check if flours or another glutenous ingredient were used.
Also, if you purchase from bulk bins someone else may have accidentally used a scoop from another bin with a glutenous product and then left it in the dried fruit. So even if the fruit in the bin was initially gluten free, the contaminated scoop tainted the whole thing. Whenever possible, I like to buy from the vertical bins where you have to pull a lever to release the bulk goodies; that way, you don't have scoops coming and going willy-nilly.
Dried Fruit and Mould
Dried fruit can support mould and yeast growth, and this can lead to the production of mycotoxins. Mycotoxins are compounds that can impact our immune health, and potentially cause gastrointestinal distress and influence liver, kidney and carcinogenic diseases. Some moulds may cause respiratory or skin symptoms as well.
Shipping, handling and storing can impact mould growth on foods. Here in Canada, the government monitors our food supply and sets maximum allowable levels for mycotoxins. Once you buy them, ensure you store dried fruits properly in airtight containers and stash in a cool, dark place (you can also check out this post from Well Preserved for more dried fruit storage and handling tips).
Check your dried fruit for any visible signs of mould and note any strange odours, discolouration or a change in texture. When in doubt, just throw it out! Also, don't just scrape off the mouldy bits; if mould is showing up in one part of your dried fruit, it will likely have infiltrated the whole thing.
Dried Fruit and Sulphites
An Allergen Friendly Guide To Dried Fruit | Food Bloggers of Canada
Sulphites are a preservative used on dried fruit — as well as many other foods and beverages — to extend shelf life. The sulphites found on dried fruit are linked to a range of effects, including itchy skin, hives, stomach pain, diarrhea, asthma and even anaphylaxis.
The government requires food companies to list suphites on packaging, so be sure to check labels if you or someone you know is sensitive to them.
Dried Fruit and Blood Sugar
Since most fresh fruit is already naturally sweet, when you remove the water what you're left with are highly concentrated nuggets of sweetness and fibre. While fibre can help to slow down blood sugar, you're still consuming a lot of sugar and it's important to be mindful of how much dried fruit you eat. It's much easier to guzzle a dozen dried apricots than to eat a dozen fresh ones in one sitting, right?
RELATED: The Spice Box: Getting To Know Nutmeg & Mace
Some dried fruit manufacturers coat their products with extra sugar, maple syrup or fruit juices to make them even sweeter, or to make them more palable in some cases. Take dried cranberries, for instance. Cranberries are incredibly sour when fresh, while the dried versions are often more sweet than tangy.
You may also want to make a note to drink more water if you've been snacking on dried fruits, or rehydrate dried fruits for a few minutes in warm water before using them so your digestive tract doesn't need to pull additional water to rehydrate them. Remember, dried fruit is high in fibre, and fibre needs water to move through your system efficiently.
How To Use Dried Fruit
Dried fruit can be used in your diet in a multitude of ways, including:
Make Your Own Dried Fruit!
An Allergen Friendly Guide To Dried Fruit | Food Bloggers of Canada
Drying fruits is a great way to preserve them, especially if you've got a large amount on hand and have already made jam and frozen several containers worth in the freezer.
You can use a food dehydrator if you have one, or dry them out in 4 to 8 hours in the oven. My two favourite things to make are fruit leather and apple chips. Fruit leather is super easy: puree your fruit in a food processor or blender, then spread it out to dry in your dehydrator or on parchment in the oven. For apple chips, I slice them thinly and sprinkle with cinnamon (you could also add dried ginger or nutmeg), then bake in the oven until they're dry. Great for fall apple season!
Storing Dried Fruit
Dried fruit should be stored in a cool, dark place in an airtight container and can last for several months like this. You can also store them in airtight glass containers that can look really pretty on your counter or pantry shelves but exposure to light will shorten the shelf life of your dried fruit so be sure to use them up quickly if you do that.
You can also store dried fruit in the freezer if you want to keep it longer. It can last up to a year like this.
How do you like to use dried fruit in your everyday cooking? Please share in the comments!
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Julia (_USER_)
Oh wow, didn't know about flour coating and some other interesting facts in the article. Thanks for sharing all this information as I use dry fruit in cooking a lot and also love eating t as a snack
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How does this metaphor contribute to the overall meaning "He came alive to me, delivered suddenly from the womb of his purposeless splendor"
This is from The Great Gatsby Chapter 4 ending
1 Answer | Add Yours
This is a quote by Nick as he regarded the information that Jordan just gave him. She told him that Gatsby bought the house he bought to be near Daisy. She has also told him the story of how Daisy and Jay met and how it came to be that Daisy married Tom rather than Jay. This quote contributes to the overall meaning of the story because Jay Gatsby was born suddenly; that is, the man was born James Gatz and only suddenly became Jay Gatsby when Dan Cody asked him his name years before. Jay recreated himself not just then, but later, in the years following the war and before the start of the story. When Jay and Daisy parted as Jay left for war, Jay was poor. He worked hard to re-invent himself as a wealthy man. It is therefore somewhat ironic that Nick sees this information as a sort of "birth" for his understanding of Jay Gatsby. Furthermore, this quote contributes to the overall meaning because of the words "purposeless splendor". Waste, in many forms, is one of the themes of the story and the word "purposeless" is a word about waste. Of course, "splendor" describes the lifestyles enjoyed by the Buchanans and by Jay Gatsby.
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text:
Definition of extravasate in English:
verb[with object] (usually as adjective extravasated) chiefly Medicine
Let or force out (a fluid, especially blood) from the vessel that contains it into the surrounding area: this established the presence of extravasated blood [no object]: some cells may extravasate and form secondary tumours
More example sentences
- Scattered areas of lymphocytic exocytosis and extravasated red blood cells within the superficial dermis and epidermis were also present.
- Aggressive angiomyxoma has extravasated red blood cells and thick-walled vessels, some of which may be large.
- The infant should be assessed for pallor, petechiae, extravasated blood, excessive bruising, hepatosplenomegaly, weight loss, and evidence of dehydration.
- Example sentences
- Tumors show a spindle cell neoplasm with prominent extravasation.
- Purpura results from the extravasation of blood from the vasculature into the skin or mucous membranes.
- This pain is a potential warning sign of tissue damage and possible phlebitis or extravasation.
Pronunciation: /ɪkstravəˈseɪʃ(ə)n/ /ɛkstravəˈseɪʃ(ə)n/noun
Definition of extravasate in:
- US English dictionary
What do you find interesting about this word or phrase?
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Searching a patient by microchip number
 In OpenVPMS microchips are stored as an identities.

Searching for an identiity
To find a patient with a certain microchip number you need to search for a patient with that identity. To do this go to the patient information screen and press select to find a new patient. The following dialogue will be presented:

Make sure that the Search identities and all patients boxes (so you don't just search in the current client) are ticked. Then enter the microchip number in the search box and press find.
It's important to note that this will only search identities, not the patient names as well.
To search for a partial number
Use a % as appropriate. For example:
 - %982 will search for a microchip ending in 982
 - 982% will search for a microchip starting with 982
 - %982% will search for a number containing 982
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text:
Storm Eunice: What is a sting jet?
- Credit: Nick Butcher
As Storm Eunice begins to cause disruption across the country, experts have warned the sting jet could be similar to the Great Storm of 1987.
With 90mph winds forecasted in parts of the UK, the Met Office said the phenomenon could cause "significant damage and risk to life".
Here is what you need to know about sting jets.
What is a sting jet?
A sting jet is named due to the resemblance to the sting in a scorpion's tail, with the Met Office describing how the weather phenomenon can be spotted as it develops on satellite image.
The sting in the tail is produced by a distinct jet of air - the sting jet.
It starts out three or four kilometres above the ground and descends over three or four hours.
- 1 Broads bridge in north Norfolk to close this year for roadworks
- 2 Peter Smith: 'The holes in the fabric of our town'
- 3 Rare chance to travel on historic trains during railway's Vintage Week
- 4 Three-bed barn conversion at Norfolk beauty spot up for sale for £1.25m
- 5 Bogus roofer going door-to-door in north Norfolk village
- 6 More than 20 vendors lined up for town's food festival
- 7 Bell McBellface? Names suggested for Norfolk's new beach bell
- 8 More than 1,000 drivers caught speeding through north Norfolk town
- 9 Why has my car been covered in dust?
- 10 Have your say: 7 projects that could 'regenerate' Cromer
How does a sting jet form?
A sting jet forms when weather fronts separate areas of warm and cold air and this interaction creates and develops wet and windy weather.
There are more focused streams of warm and cold air close to the weather fronts, known as conveyor belts – with the warm conveyor rising and the cold conveyor falling.
The Met Office said these "wrap around the area of low pressure and help develop it by feeding warm air and moisture into the system".
How can the Met Office forecast a sting jet?
Although a sting jet is said to be difficult to forecast due to the relatively small size and the way each low pressure system develops, it is possible to spot a sting jet developing on satellite images.
This is because at the end of the cold conveyor is marked by a hook-shaped cloud with a point at the end.
The sting jet often looks like the sting in a scorpion's tail, hence the name sting jet.
Types of satellite images show the amount of water vapour which is made up of light and dark shades there is.
When have they happened in the past?
According to the Met Office, the Great Storm of 87' had average wind speeds of up to 86mph but gusts were much higher than expected with an estimated 15m trees brought down by the conditions.
The last time the UK had a storm that had winds over 80mph was Storm Dennis in February 2020 at 81mph.


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Have a numbered list in 2007 Word. Everything was fine until item 100.
At 100 and on, the margin between the number and the text is very large.
How do I make it normal? Thanks!
98. texttexttexttexttext
99. texttexttexttexttext
100. texttexttexttexttext<--Can't get just one space between number and text?
101. texttexttexttexttext
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2 Answers
up vote 5 down vote accepted
The default hanging indent value (i.e., how far in the text begins) isn't wide enough for the 3-digit numbers. (Default seems to be for the number itself to be indented 0.25", and the following text indented 0.5", which leaves only 0.25" for the number.) When it's not wide enough, then, Word has to move the hanging text over to the next tab stop.
You can fix this as follows: select the entire numbered list, right-click and select Adjust List Indents, and then set Number position and Text indent to whatever you want.
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interesting problem, nice solution, thnks – mmc18 May 20 '13 at 13:20
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I have got the steps for fixing the Numbering Issue of Microsoft Word 2007. Just follow the steps so that your text and numbers will be aligned correctly :
From the numbered list, select all of the items. Then click the drop-down arrow at the right of the Numbering tool in the Paragraph group, on the Home tab of the ruler. You will find that Word displays a palette of options. Click the Define New Number Format option. Word displays the Define New Number Format dialog box, and all the options in the dialog box should match whatever was set in the numbered list you selected in step 1. Choose the Right, using the Alignment drop-down list. Finally click on OK.
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Sure, but what if he does want the numbers to be left-aligned, just that the following text should always be indented the same distance from the page margin? – Alex Feb 12 '10 at 17:51
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text:
Prosper's new API has key improvements and benefits for Prosper's lenders. Key improvements and benefits for lenders through the new API:
- Expanded access to credit profile data points. The new API offers more than 475 credit bureau variables and more than 550 data points in total.
- Easy access to Notes, with a more comprehensive breakdown of principal, interest and other fees.
- Details down to the individual Note level, including specifics about payments and reason for default.
- Improved filtering and querying that make it easier to use specific criteria to search for Notes. For example, only C rated Notes less than $10,000.
- For lenders that want to build their own tools, they now have access to the data through a RESTful interface.
- The RESTful interface of the API supports OData filter query operations.
- Unique login credentials for API users restricted to reviewing and investing funds only. This means no access to bank information or account settings so you can keep your API tools separate from your Prosper account.
How to access the API:
If you are a lender with Prosper, and are interested in learning more about the API please visit the Api Documentation Page. Obtain access through your account settings right now.


As a first-time traveler to Cuba, you probably have a lot of questions about the Cuban currency: What's the deal with Cuba's two currencies? Which Cuban money should you use? Can you pay with a credit card or debit card? Does Cuba still impose a 10% tax on US dollars? Do they even have ATMs in Cuba? In this article, we answer these questions and more.
Right off the bat, we can tell you that the Cuban currency system is super complicated to deal with as a traveler. But don't panic, we will cover absolutely everything you need to know about using money in Cuba.
BIG UPDATE: This article has been updated to reflect the changes part of the reform of the Cuban monetary system in January 2021, which eliminated the CUC. Please, ignore the comments posted before 2021 because a lot has changed!
For practical advice on saving money in Cuba, read our ultimate list of travel tips for Cuba. If you are a US citizen visiting Cuba, check out the complete guide on how to travel to Cuba from the US.
1. What is the Currency in Cuba?
The first thing you should know about the Cuban monetary system is that Cuba used two official currencies until December 31st, 2020: the CUP (Cuban Peso) and the CUC (Cuban Convertible Peso). However, it all changed in January 2021, when Cuba eliminated the CUC and left the CUP as the only official Cuban currency. Therefore, as a traveler, you will use the CUP.
The (Eliminated) Cuban Convertible Peso (CUC)
The Cuban Convertible Peso (CUC) was one of Cuba's two official currencies and the one most frequently used by visitors. However, contrary to what many outdated articles say on the Internet, you can no longer use the CUC in Cuba.
This is because Cuba eliminated the dual currency system on January 1st, 2021 and the Cuban Peso (CUP) became the only official currency in Cuba. If you travel to Cuba before mid 2021, you may still see some CUCs in circulation because Cuban residents have until July 2021 to exchange their remaining CUCs into CUPs.
The Cuban Peso (CUP)
The CUP (also locally known as "moneda nacional" or MN) is the primary Cuban currency. It is used by both residents and visitors alike.
Stick with us because we will talk a lot about the Cuban Peso. But first, let's point out the physical difference between the CUC and CUP.
The tangible difference between the CUC and CUP
You've never been there. Never used Cuban money. So, how are you supposed to know the difference between the CUC and the CUP and avoid getting scammed?
Cuban currency - CUC and CUP
Here is the secret: the CUP bills have faces. If you expect to receive CUP in a transaction and don't see a face on the bill, you will be getting CUC instead! The CUC bill also says "pesos convertibles" right at the center.
2. What Cuban Currency to Use as a Visitor?
For most of your expenditures on the island, you must use CUP. All resorts, hotels, airports, restaurants, and tourist attractions will accept CUP.
You should always have the lower denomination CUP bills at hand to cover small expenses such as street food, bus fare, flea market finds.
With that said, if you are traveling with USD, we suggest you take some USDs to Cuba with you. This is because the USD is the currency king at private facilities, such as "hostales" (private rooms) and "paladares" (private restaurants). Also, while you can tip in CUP, hotel and restaurant attendants will welcome your USDs for tipping in Cuba
3. Can You Use the US Dollar in Cuba?
Officially, you can use US dollars, Canadian dollars, and Euros ONLY at airports in Cuba. In fact, although the CUP is also accepted at shops and restaurants in Cuban airports, we encourage you to use your home currency (more on that below).
Now, although you won't be able to pay in USD for products and services at state facilities, the truth is that private businesses in Cuba are eager to take your hard-fought US dollars. This is because of the existence of "dollar stores", also known as "tiendas MLC". The dollar stores are incredibly well-stocked shops where Cuban residents can buy food and hygiene products, home appliances, and spare parts for cars. These stores only accept US dollars! (Keep in mind that only Cuban residents can buy from these dollar stores.)
The CUP stores pale in comparison. Actually, the scarcity of products at shops that sell in Cuban Pesos is extreme. This is the reason why the USD has significantly become more attractive to Cuban residents.
That's also why you may notice street vendors roaming around the CADECA offices and offering to exchange your US dollars for CUPs. However, to avoid the risk of currency scams, we still recommend that you exchange your USDs at a bank, hotel, airport, or CADECA office.
If you are staying at a hostal and trust your host, it's not a bad idea to exchange some US dollars with your host… or better yet: pay them in USD!
4. Where to Exchange Cuban Currency?
Travelers can exchange Cuban currency at banks, hotels, and government currency exchange houses (CADECA). CADECA offices are located in airports, hotels, resorts, and shopping centers. CADECA offices are the safest and most reliable places to exchange currency.
Please, be aware that it is very unlikely that you will get Cuban currency in advance. If you manage to do it, keep in mind that you are allowed to import up to 2,000 CUP, according to a recent resolution from the Aduana General de la República de Cuba (customs).
5. The Cuban Currency Exchange Rate
The exchange rate depends on whether you want to buy or sell CUP and on the foreign currency you are using for the operation. The value of international currencies against the Cuban Peso is determined by the international exchange rate.
At each CADECA office, you will notice a TV screen displaying the daily exchange rates, like this:
CADECA CUP Exchange Rates
The table above shows the current CUP exchange rate, according to the official CADECA's website. The column Compra/Buy indicates the exchange rate at which CADECA buys the currency, while the Venta/Sell column shows the exchange rate at which they sell the currency.
Whatever currency you want to sell to CADECA, you will need to multiply the amount of money you want to exchange by the exchange rate listed on the Compra/Buy column.
For example, if you want to exchange 100 CAD to CUP, here is the math: 100*18.3451 ≈ 1,835.5. Yeah, that's right, you will get around 18.35 CUP for 1 CAD… exactly how it says in the table.
You should also know that the Cuban currency exchange rate may be slightly more expensive at CADECA offices located in hotels, ports, and airports. The exchange rates are also updated twice a week. Make sure to always check the current exchange rate at the official CADECA's website.
The US dollar exchange rate to Cuban currency: the (no-longer) special case
From 2004 to July 16th, 2020, Cuba imposed a 10% tax on US dollars. It meant that converting American money into Cuba money incurred a 10% fee on top of the current exchange rate. However, despite what you might have read out there, this is no longer true. As of July 16th, 2020, if you want to exchange US dollars into CUP, you will NOT have to pay for the additional 10% tax.
A word of caution: be aware of the currency scams
Aside from official currency exchanges, there are a few unofficial ways as well.
Most often, you can stumble upon these "opportunities" just outside of currency exchange offices and local shops. Often, people willing to make unofficial exchanges will pitch you on attractive offers: instead of the official rate of about 23 CUP for 1 USD, they're willing to give you 30 CUP or even more. That's because they can resell it later for up to 60 CUP!
However, keep in mind that currency scams are not uncommon in Cuba, and tourists are typically the victims. The currency scam can go one of two ways: 1) you receive forged currency in exchange for your (legitimate) money; or 2) you get change in CUC, which was eliminated, instead of CUP.
You could lose a lot of money this way!
Like we said before, if you trust your host, you can ask him/her to exchange your US dollars at CADECA's rates. You can also pay for your hostal or meals at private restaurants with USD. In fact, they welcome it if you do it.
Finally, be aware that pickpocketing is common in large cities like Havana. Thus, a travel money belt may be handy to protect your money and small valuables while walking the streets of Cuba.
6. What is the Best Currency to Bring to Cuba?
It all boils down to bringing the foreign currency that has the highest possible conversion rate in Cuba. In terms of conversion value, the British Pound Sterling, and the Euro are the best currencies to


text:
a racing sled for one or two people; it is raced down a chute of packed snow or ice, and the occupant(s) lie down on it with feet in the direction of motion.
move along on a luge or toboggan
an ice sculpture that has been specifically crafted so that beverages can be run through or across it and served ice cold
a sled set on two separate runners of steel metal blades with a pod seat set on a bridge in between them
French word for sled or toboggan.
A sled specially designed and built for racing. It rides on runners called steels, attached to two kufens, which are connected by the bridges. The slider rides in a pod that's suspended from the bridges. (French for "sled.")
winter sport in which athletes sled feetfirst down an icy track
A luge is small oneor two-person sled on which one sleighs supine and feet-first. Steering is done by flexing the sled's runners or pulling straps attached to the sled's runners. Luge is also the name of the sport which involves racing with such sleds.


text:
A sheath voltage limiter is an arrester that is used to clamp the voltage induced on the sheath of an underground high or medium voltage cable during a fault on the system. It is common practice when applying underground cable to only ground the cable sheath at one end of the cable, and leave the other end open. Leaving one ungrounded reduces circulating currents and losses during steady state operations. IEEE standard _PHONE_ indicates that typically distribution arresters can be used for this function. IEC Application guide 60099-5 soon to be published offers a formula to use to determine the voltage rating of the arrester, but does not offer any guidance regarding the energy handling rating.
The photo below is an SVL on a 69kV underground system in Lakeland Florida. A standard distribution arrester is being used. This is the first ever SVL I have seen on a transmission line riser pole.