IHSS Provider Wait and Travel Times
IHSS Provider Wait and Travel Times
IHSS gives services to help you stay at home if you cannot take care of yourself because of your disability. This pub tells you about getting IHSS hours for help getting to the doctor. It also tells you if you can get IHSS hours for doctor trips for a child.
1. Can I receive IHSS hours for my provider to take me to doctors' appointments?
Yes, this is called "accompaniment to medical appointments." Medical accompaniment to "health care appointments" (e.g. medical appointment at a doctor's office, dentist and to other health practitioners) is an IHSS service certain IHSS recipients can receive. Medical accompaniment can be authorized when a recipient needs another IHSS service in order to get to and from a medical appointment or alternative resource, and/or at their destination.1 For example, if a recipient has been authorized for accompaniment to medical appointments, the provider can also be paid to help the IHSS recipient travel to and from medical appointments.
Examples of help with travel includes things like helping a recipient get in and out of a vehicle, getting properly seated, and using seat belts. To get authorized for medical accompaniment, you should tell your IHSS social worker that you have a medical appointment and that you need your IHSS provider's assistance to get to the medical appointment. The IHSS social worker will then assess your need for assistance in getting to and from medical appointments.2 IHSS care providers are not required to use their own vehicle to transport recipients to and from a medical appointment. However, an IHSS recipient can pay their care provider for the use of their vehicle to transport the recipient to and from the recipient's medical appointments.
2. Can an IHSS provider get paid for time spent waiting at an IHSS recipient's doctor's appointment?
Yes. As of February 1, 2016, providers can receive payment for time spent waiting at medical appointments. In order to be paid for waiting at a medical appointment, the provider has to show that while they are at a recipient's medical appointment, they cannot leave because they cannot predict how long the recipient's appointment will take. An example would be when a provider takes a recipient to a medical appointment and the provider has to wait at the medical office because, at any moment, they may have to take the recipient home. This means the provider is "engaged to wait" or "Wait Time —On Duty."
When a recipient is authorized for medical accompaniment, if all the following conditions are met, then the provider will be considered "Wait Time —Off Duty" (which means they will not be paid for any time spent waiting for the recipient):
 1. The amount of time the appointment will take is known in advance which would allow the provider plenty of notice that they will not be needed to provide services during that time and which can then be used for their own purposes;
 2. The appointment is scheduled to last enough time for the provider to conduct personal business; and
 3. The provider is not required to perform any other authorized service, e.g., food shopping, other shopping/errands, during the appointment time.
If all the above conditions are met, then the recipient must tell the provider that they do not have to work until a specified time when they must return to accompany the recipient home. The provider will not be paid for this time. If all the above conditions are NOT met, the provider is considered to have "Wait Time —On Duty," and they must be paid for the time they spend waiting for the recipient.
You can find more information on wait times in All County Letter No. 16-01. 3
3. What if I need my provider to take me to an alternative resource? Can they still get paid to wait for me?
Individuals can receive transportation to a site where alternative resources provide in-home supportive services to the recipient in lieu of IHSS. 4 In general, for individuals who receive time for medical accompaniment to an alternative resource, the time an IHSS provider is waiting would not to be compensable because recipients are usually dropped off and picked up at a certain time. Normally, a provider cannot be paid for the wait time associated with accompaniment to alternative resource sites because the provider can effectively use that time for their own purposes and it is considered Wait Time Off-Duty. 5 However, in order to determine whether wait time is paid, the social worker must determine whether or not a provider is using "Wait Time-On Duty" or if the provider is using "Wait Time-Off Duty." 6
4. Can a minor receive IHSS hours for accompaniment to doctors' appointments?
There are special requirements to get medical accompaniment authorized for minor recipients. Medical accompaniment for minors can only be authorized if the minor recipient has an "assessed extraordinary need," the appointment is for a specialist, and the minor recipient has a need for an authorized IHSS task to be performed during travel to or from the appointment.
To get medical accompaniment and associated wait times authorized for a minor recipient, each of the three following conditions must be met:
 1. The minor recipient must have an assessed extraordinary need. An extraordinary need is a need that is based on the functional impairment due to the minor's disability and the need is beyond what would normally be expected for a minor of the same age without the functional impairment.
 2. The appointment(s) must be with a physician or other licensed health care professional in a specialty care discipline and the appointment must be related to the minor's disability or functional impairment. Medical Accompaniment may not be authorized for routine appointments with the minor recipient's pediatrician or primary care physician, such as well-baby/child visits, annual check-ups, immunizations, visits related to common childhood illnesses/injuries, etc.
 3. The minor recipient must have a need for an authorized IHSS task(s) during travel to and/or from the appointment, or at the appointment.
The guidelines for authorizing wait time for adult recipients are not applied in minor recipient cases. This is because a parent is typically expected to be present during a child's medical appointment so that they can participate in a discussion with the medical professional about the child's health and make decisions about treatment and care. The social worker should include the wait time in the authorization of hours. You can find more information and examples in All County Letter No. 17-42.
5. Can an IHSS provider get paid for travel time between recipients?
Yes. IHSS providers can be paid for travel time. Travel time is the time it takes a provider to travel directly from the location where they care for a recipient to another location to provide services for a different recipient on the same day. However, a provider cannot get paid for the travel time to and from his or her home to any IHSS recipient's location. In addition, providers can only be reimbursed for 7 hours of travel time per week. 7
Providers who have multiple recipients should contact the county in order to complete form SOC 2255 and submit it to the IHSS office. This form must be completed in order for the provider to be compensated for their travel time.
1 See Welfare and Institutions Code § 12300(b), and Manual of Policies and Procedures (MPP) Section 30-780.1(b)(5)(A)-(B)).- (Return to Main Document)
2 See MPP Section 30-757.15.- (Return to Main Document)
3 All County Letter No. 16-01, dated January 7, 2016, is available online at this link for the PDF.- (Return to Main Document)
4 MPP Section 30-757.154.- (Return to Main Document)
5 See All County Letter No. 17-42, dated June 23, 2017, available online at this link; see also All County Letter No. 14-82, dated November 25, 2017, available online at this link for the PDF.- (Return to Main Document)
6 For more information, see ACL No. 17-42, available online at this link, and ACL No. 14-82, available online at this link for the PDF. - (Return to Main Document)
7 Information on travel time is here: link to the PDF on Travel Time for In-Home Supportive Services providers from the CA Department of Social Services website. - (Return to Main Document)
Click links below for a downloadable version.


Buff-necked Ibis walking on grass
Buff-necked ibis
Buff-necked ibises are a fairly common South American species. As with many ibis species, their call is loud and piercing, and used in raucous duet during courtship.
Scientific name: Theristicus caudatus
Rank: Species
Common names:
White-throated ibis
Watch video clips from past programmes (1 clip)
Map showing the distribution of the Buff-necked ibis taxa
Species range provided by WWF's Wildfinder.
The Buff-necked ibis can be found in a number of locations including: South America. Find out more about these places and what else lives there.
The following habitats are found across the Buff-necked ibis distribution range. Find out more about these environments, what it takes to live there and what else inhabits them.
Additional data source: Animal Diversity Web
Conservation Status
Least Concern
 1. EX - Extinct
 2. EW
 3. CR - Threatened
 4. EN - Threatened
 5. VU - Threatened
 6. NT
 7. LC - Least concern
Year assessed: 2009
Classified by: IUCN 3.1
 1. Life
 2. Animals
 3. Vertebrates
 4. Birds
 5. Storks and long-legged wading birds
 6. Threskiornithidae
 7. Theristicus
 8. Buff-necked ibis


text:
Transplant nurses are specially trained to provide nursing care and support for patients before, during and after they receive an organ transplant. They also provide necessary care to living organ donors.
The Clinical Transplant Nurse (CTN) maintains patient records, both donor and recipient, administer medication, and monitor patients for signs of organ rejection. They prepare patients for transplantation and administer the essential medications.
Pre-Transplant: Clinical Transplant Nurse cares for the patient awaiting organ transplantation
Perioperative: The CTN performs perioperative tests as directed and provides patient education regarding the transplant process.
Post-Transplant: The CTN demonstrates knowledge of post-transplant management, including tests, medications, complications and discharge procedures.
Living Donation: The CTN cares for the living donor for the evaluation and live organ donation.
The average annual salary for transplant nurses is $62,000; average annual transplant nurse salaries vary by location, employer, education, experience, and benefits.
Specialized training is required to perform your best as a transplant nurse. Many employers also require some type of transplant nurse certification. The American Board for Transplant Certification offers several certification programs such as Certified Clinical Transplant Coordinator (CCTC) and Certified Clinical Transplant Nurse (CCTN).

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Aux or Auxiliary heat is the backup heat that turns on to help the compressor for first stage maintain your temperature setting. During this time both your Auxiliary heat and your compressor may be on at the same time. When the thermostat is in Emergency heat the compressor does not run, only the Emergency heat runs. It is common that the Emergency heat and auxiliary or backup heat is the same source of heat (electric heat strips or fossil fuel).
Have more questions? Submit a request

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


Documentation
Edit on GitHub
Documentation > Fields > Time
Time
Renders a time picker field.
Field::make('time', 'opens_at', 'Opening time')
Setup Methods
set_time_format (string)
Sets the time format in which to display and save the time values.
Here is a list of allowed Format Characters:
Character Definition Examples
Time
t Lowercase a, p
T Lowercase A, P
tt Lowercase am, pm
TT Uppercase AM, PM
h Hour, 12-hour, without leading zeros 1-12
hh Hour, 12-hour, with leading zeros 01-12
H Hour, 24-hour, without leading zeros 0-23
HH Hour, 24-hour, with leading zeros 00-23
m Minutes, without leading zeros 0-59
mm Minutes, with leading zeros 00-59
s Seconds, without leading zeros 0-59
ss Seconds, with leading zeros 00-59
Field::make('time', 'time', 'Time')
 ->set_time_format('hh:mm:ss tt')
set_interval_step (array)
Sets the interval step for hours, minutes and seconds.
Field::make('time', 'time', 'Time')
 ->set_interval_step(array(
 'hour' => '2',
 'minute' => '10',
 'second' => '10',
 ))
set_restraints (array)
Sets restraints for Hours, Minutes, Seconds.
Type Definition Default
Hours
hourMin The minimum hour allowed for all dates 0
hourMax The maximum hour allowed for all dates 23
Minutes
minuteMin The minimum minute allowed for all dates 0
minuteMax The maximum minute allowed for all dates 59
Seconds
secondMin The minimum second allowed for all dates 0
secondMax The maximum second allowed for all dates 59
Milliseconds
millisecMin The minimum millisecond allowed for all dates 0
millisecMax The maximum millisecond allowed for all dates 999
Microsec
microsecMin The minimum microsecond allowed for all dates 0
microsecMax The maximum microsecond allowed for all dates 999
Field::make('time', 'time', 'Time')
 ->set_restraints(array(
 'hourMin' => '9',
 'hourMax' => '18',
 ))
set_timepicker_options (array)
With this method you can set other time picker options.
Field::make('time', 'time', 'Time')
 ->set_timepicker_options(array(
 'currentText' => 'Current time',
 ))
You can find a full list of all available options here:
Edit on GitHub
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Biscuit Nest
 1. Soak 30gms of bird's nest in warm water (40°c) for a minimum of 5 hours or overnight.
 2. After the bird's nest has fully expanded, use a fork to loosen the bird's nest to prevent clumping.
 3. Pour the loosen bird's nest into a sieve and clean the black residue.
 4. Using the double boiler method, cook over medium heat for 30 minutes.
 5. Transfer the bird's nest into an empty jar to cool.
 6. Once cooled, add into a blending machine and blend for 15 seconds.
 7. Put the blended bird's nest into a jar and ready to be consumed.
- You should always consume 3 tablespoons of bird's nest on an empty stomach.
- Bird's nest is best consumed in the morning or before bed.
- Add in pure honey if desired (optional)


text:
MOTYS 2001 is a word game containing an french and english dictionary with 100000 words. The objective of this game is to discover a word which is randomly chosen by the computer like Mastermind.
At each attempt the computer indicates the correct placed characters (red background) and the ones incorrectly placed (green background).The game is fully parametrized time to think, initial difficulty, addition/deletion of words to the dictionary. The more difficult the setup is chosen, the faster the score rises! Many sounds accompany a game.
MOTYS 2001 is available in french and english. The clear and user-friendly interface let you dive right-away into action!


text:
Definitions of give up:
- verb: allow the other (baseball) team to score
Example: "Give up a run"
- verb: give up with the intent of never claiming again
- verb: lose or lose the right to by some error, offense, or crime
- verb: give up what is not strictly needed
- verb: stop maintaining or insisting on; of ideas, claims, etc.
Example: "Both sides have to give up some calims in these negociations"
- verb: give up in the face of defeat of lacking hope; admit defeat
- verb: give up or agree to forego to the power or possession of another
- verb: refrain from consuming
- verb: relinquish possession or control over
- verb: leave (a job, post, post, or position) voluntarily
- verb: put an end to a state or an activity
- verb: part with a possession or right
Search for give up at other dictionaries: OneLook, Answers.com, Merriam-Webster
"Works flawlessly!": RhymeZone apps for iPhone/iPad and Android!
Help, Feedback, Customize, Android app, iPhone/iPad app
Copyright © 2013 Datamuse

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
1440 Timberwolf Drive
PO Box 964
Holland, OH 43528-0964 USA
UV/Visible/Near IR Absorption Spectra
|Sample Type||Required Quantity||Equipment Used|
|Film Preform Bottle||1||Perkin-Elmer Lambda 9|
This test determines the absorbance values in a material at varying wavelengths.
A sample is placed in the UV/VIS Spectrometer where it is scanned A Spectrometer detects when UV-visible radiation is absorbed by a sample and plots this on a graph. This test can be used for both PET film, preforms and other flat surfaces.


Fund Manager? List your fund
News & Events
Is it Time to Revisit Your Hedge Fund Structure?
A typical "master-feeder" private investment funds structure uses a combination of corporate entities, including companies, limited partnerships and/or limited liability companies. Investment managers should consider the consequences associated with choosing one form instead of another early in the structuring process.
This article contemplates a structure that involves both US and Cayman Islands-domiciled "feeder funds" and suggests that, because of the enhanced complexity of Cayman Islands companies, it may be a good time to consider structuring a "master-feeder" fund solely using limited partnerships. Furthermore, this article will:
 - describe a typical "master-feeder" structure;
 - discuss the role of directors in Cayman Islands companies, which are frequently used as offshore feeder funds in "master-feeder" structures;
 - briefly discuss increased scrutiny and potential regulation of directors; and
 - suggest some advantages of a "master-feeder" structure that does not employ directors.
Basic hedge fund structures
A "master-feeder" structure is used primarily by hedge fund managers to address investor tax and regulatory concerns, some of which are discussed below. In a typical structure, a master fund will be formed in a tax-efficient jurisdiction to serve as the primary trading vehicle. Investors invest in the master fund indirectly through a feeder fund that contributes all or substantially all of its assets to the master fund.
A few of the well-known advantages of a typical "master-feeder" structure include the following:
 - ease of trading — all investment assets and most counter-party and service agreements are held in and with one entity (i.e., the master fund);
 - fundraising flexibility — multiple feeder funds can be added to the structure to accommodate future investors with different terms and conditions; and
 - tax and regulatory flexibility — multiple feeders can be added to accommodate the tax requirements of different classes of investors.
Potential disadvantages can include the cost of establishing the entire structure, especially in the case of smaller hedge funds seeking a cost-efficient structure, as well as the accounting and administrative complexity involved in administering a master fund with multiple feeders.
The choice of fund entities and jurisdictions is largely driven by regulatory and tax considerations (and investment managers should consult tax counsel early in the structuring process):
 - US Taxable Investors: Feeder funds established in the United States, or for investors that are already subject to the US federal income tax regime, typically will be established as entities that provide "flow-through" income tax treatment for US federal income tax purposes. In such case, both the US feeder fund and the master fund will not be subject to US federal income tax and each investor will be allocated its allocable share of the master fund's gains, losses, income, deductions and credit. The US feeder fund would typically be structured as a Delaware limited partnership or Delaware limited liability company because each of these entities is treated as a "flow-through" entity for US federal income tax purposes (unless elected otherwise) and Delaware has proven itself to be a stable jurisdiction in which to conduct business.
 - Non-US Investors and US Tax-Exempt Investors: Non-US investors (to the extent they are not already subject to the US tax regime) typically will seek to avoid being subjected to US federal income tax on income that is "effectively connected" with the conduct of a trade or business in the United States and US tax-exempt investors typically will seek to avoid the potential US federal income tax consequences of recognizing "unrelated business taxable income". Feeder funds offered primarily to these investors typically will be established in a non-US jurisdiction as an entity that is taxed (or elects to be taxed) as a corporation for US federal income tax purposes (where limiting the activities of the master fund to alleviate these concerns is not ideal or practical).
The Cayman Islands is a popular jurisdiction in which to establish both offshore feeder funds and offshore master funds, in part for a number of reasons:
 - entities formed in the Cayman Islands are generally not subject to Cayman Islands tax;
 - as with Delaware, the Cayman Islands is generally considered to be a stable jurisdiction in which to conduct business and is familiar to both investors and to investment managers; and
 - the jurisdiction boasts a robust network of service providers thereby facilitating fund establishment, accounting and administration.
For these and other reasons, hedge fund managers may prefer to use a Cayman Islands exempted company (which is governed by the Companies Law (2012 revision), a Company) as the offshore feeder fund in a "master-feeder" structure and a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership (which is governed by the Exempted Limited Partnership Law (2012 revision), a Partnership) as the master fund. Note that, for offshore funds, some managers may use Companies as master funds and Partnerships as offshore feeder funds. Other offshore entities, such as trusts, are sometimes used but are considered by many to be too expensive or legally rigid.
Under US federal income tax law, a Cayman Islands Partnership (as well as many other types of non-US entities that are treated as "flow-through" entities for US federal income tax purposes) may file an election with the US Internal Revenue Service (a so-called "check-the-box" election) electing to be treated as a corporation for US federal income tax purposes. A Cayman Islands Partnership that is treated as a corporation for US federal income tax purposes (i.e., by filing a "check-the-box" election) may prove, in certain situations, to be more efficient to use as an offshore feeder fund than a Cayman Islands Company. Alternatively, the investment manager may use Cayman Islands Partnerships (with no "check-the-box" elections) as the offshore master fund and offshore feeder fund and interpose an entity that is treated as a corporation for US federal income tax purposes between the offshore feeder fund and the master fund.
The role of Company Directors in a "master-feeder" structure
Companies are required to have directors (each, a Director) but investment managers, and indeed some Directors, may not understand the various legal obligations and duties associated with the position. An affiliate of the investment manager typically holds the "management shares" of a Company used in a "master-feeder" structure; "management shares" generally hold the power to appoint the Directors. Those Directors have a number of statutory duties (maintaining registers, certain reports and books of account, among others) and must approve certain actions taken by the Company. Directors (in their role as Directors) do not manage the business or make investment decisions. This is because, in the context of a Company used in a hedge fund structure, the Company hires the investment manager to run the investment program and, in the management agreement with the investment manager, the Directors delegate to the investment manager all powers permissible under governing law.
The legal role of Directors is not ministerial, however, which investment managers should consider when appointing them. Not all Director duties can be delegated to the investment manager and Directors are subject to personal liability for a breach of certain fiduciary duties, which will be discussed below. Cayman Islands case law has established a number of principles relating to Directors' fiduciary duties, perhaps the most pertinent of which is that Directors must act in what they bona fide consider to be the best interests of the Company.
This duty is owed to the Company itself, i.e. the offshore feeder fund, and not to subsidiary or affiliated entities and not necessarily to investors. In the context of a "master-feeder" structure this means that Directors primarily consider the interests of the offshore feeder fund, when structured as a Company, and not those of the master fund or any other feeder fund. If the "master-feeder" structure uses a Company for both the offshore feeder fund and the master fund, then the master fund will have Directors whose duties are owed to it and not to the offshore feeder fund. Some fund complexes use the same Directors for the offshore feeder fund and the master fund, which may give rise to irreconcilable conflicts of interest.
In the case of hedge funds, Directors are typically one of two types: "insiders" (employees of or entities controlled by the investment manager); or professional Directors that are not affiliated with or otherwise employed by the investment manager (Independent Directors). Independent Directors generally either work for a financial services company, which may perform separate administrative services to the fund complex, or work independently.
There may be costs involved in employing Directors. Independent Directors, and some insiders, are typically paid a salary for their work that is not tied to the fund's investment performance. Directors' compensation and other fees are generally paid out of the assets of the Company itself.
Increased demand for the use of Independent Directors
In the past it was fairly common for all of the Directors of a Company used in a hedge fund structure to be insiders, which is efficient because they are known to the investment manager and generally share the investment manager's views. However, investor demand for Independent Directors has increased since the financial crisis as investors seem to associate them with added security in that an Independent Director may look more carefully into the investment manager's business practices than an inside Director.
A 2011 case in the Cayman Islands, Weavering Macro Fixed Income Fund Limited (In Liquidation) v. Stefan Peterson and Hans Ekstrom, received wide attention from lawyers and investment professionals. The court found the directors of the fund guilty of a violation of their fiduciary


text:
Creates a file on the SFTP server.
int CreateFile(const QString& qsFileName);
This method creates an empty file on the server with the name specified by the FileName parameter.
To upload a file with content use Upload instead.
This method returns a result code; 0 indicates success, while a non-zero error code indicates that this method encountered an error during its execution. If an error occurs, the GetLastError() method can be called to retrieve the associated error message. (Note: This method's result code can also be obtained by calling the GetLastErrorCode() method after it returns.)


Hey everyone.
I need to write program that builds an object of Pizza class and then pass that object to Order class.
here's my Pizza class:
class Pizza
{
public:
 void setCheeseToppings ( int ) ;
 void setPepperoniToppings ( int ) ;
 void setSize ( string ) ;
 void setType ( string ) ;
private:
 int cheeseTop ;
 int pepperoniTop ;
 string size [ 3 ] = { "small" , "medium" , "large" } ;
 string type [ 3 ] = { "hand tossed" , "pan" , "deep dish" } ;
} ;
I know this is a general question, but how should my order.addPizza function look? Do I need to put the same variables that were in pizza into the orders class to store them or do i have access to those variables since the object has been passed?
I'm stuck here:
class Order
{
public:
 void addPizza ( Pizza ) ;
 void outOrder ( ) ;
private:
} ;
Recommended Answers
All 20 Replies
If Order can contain one or many pizzas then it should have a vector of pizza objects, and pass the Pizza object by referenct so prevent unnecessary duplication of the object.
class Order
{
public:
 void addPizza ( Pizza& order) ;
 void outOrder ( ) ;
private:
 vector<Pizza> theOrders;
} ;
Oh ok. So how would I access the Pizza data to output it?
a vector is a c++ array class, so just use a loop to access each Pizza object
int n = theOrders.size(); // get number of elements in the array
for(int i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
 outOrder(theOrders[i]);
}
You will want to add a parameter to outOrder function, similar to the parameter to addPizza().
>So how would I access the Pizza data to output it?
Probably define a member function or overloaded << operator that performs the output. In the code you posted, the Pizza class doesn't provide any way to get at the data. For example (keeping it simple):
class Pizza
{
public:
 void setCheeseToppings ( int ) ;
 void setPepperoniToppings ( int ) ;
 void setSize ( string ) ;
 void setType ( string ) ;
 template <typename CharT>
 friend std::basic_ostream<CharT>& operator<< (
 std::basic_ostream<CharT>& out, const Pizza& pie );
private:
 int cheeseTop ;
 int pepperoniTop ;
 string size;
 string type;
} ;
template <typename CharT>
std::basic_ostream<CharT>& operator<< (
 std::basic_ostream<CharT>& out, const Pizza& pie )
{
 return out<<"Cheese: "<< ( cheeseTop ? "Yes" : "No" );
}
Ok, so in my outOrders function would I be able to do something like:
cout << MyPizza.size << endl :
?
>cout << MyPizza.size << endl
No, size is a private data member. Unless the outOrders function is a friend of the Pizza class or a member function of a class which is a friend of the Pizza class, you don't have access to the private data. However, if you define the operator as I showed, you can do this:
cout<< MyPizza <<'\n';
And all of the private data you choose to output in the overloaded operator will be sent to cout in the way you format it, followed by a newline. Another example, even simpler:
#include <iostream>
#include <ostream>
class Time {
 int _minutes;
 int _seconds;
 bool _is_am;
public:
 Time ( int minutes, int seconds, int is_am )
 : _minutes ( minutes ), _seconds ( seconds ), _is_am ( is_am )
 {}
 friend std::ostream& operator<< ( std::ostream& out, const Time& t );
};
std::ostream& operator<< ( std::ostream& out, const Time& t )
{
 return out<< t._minutes <<':'<< t._seconds <<' '
 << ( t._is_am ? "AM" : "PM" );
}
int main()
{
 Time now ( 9, 55, true );
 std::cout<<"The time is "<< now <<". Isn't that nifty.\n";
}
is this
friend std::ostream& operator<< ( std::ostream& out, const Time& t );
the same as this
friend cout << ( ostream & out , const Time & t )
? Or am I utterly confused
template <typename CharT>
std::basic_ostream<CharT>& operator<< ( std::basic_ostream<CharT>& out, const Pizza& pie )
none of that^ makes since to me. =(
here's my updated .h file if that will help:
#pragma once
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
using namespace std ;
class Pizza
{
public:
 void setCheeseToppings ( int ) ;
 void setPepperoniToppings ( int ) ;
 void setSize ( istream & is ) ;
 void setType ( istream & is ) ;
private:
 int cheeseTop ;
 int pepperoniTop ;
 string size ;
 string type ;
} ;
class Order
{
public:
 void addPizza ( Pizza ) ;
 void outOrder ( ) ;
private:
} ;
example main:
int main()
{
 Order myOrder; // variable declarations
 Pizza cheesy;
 Pizza pepperoni;
 cout << "Cheese size type: " << endl ;
 cheesy.setCheeseToppings(3); // specify pizza
 cheesy.setSize( cin );
 cheesy.setType( cin );
 cout << "pep size type: " << endl ;
 pepperoni.setSize( cin ); // specify pizza
 pepperoni.setPepperoniToppings(2);
 pepperoni.setType( cin );

 cout << pepperoni.size << endl << pepperoni.type << endl ;
 cout << cheesy.size << endl << cheesy.type << endl ;
 myOrder.addPizza(cheesy); // add to order
 myOrder.addPizza(pepperoni);
 myOrder.outputOrder(); // ouput order
 cout << "\n -- Done! --\n";
 return 0;
}
>Or am I utterly confused
You're utterly confused. All of the things that cout can print have an operator<< defined for them. When you want to use this syntax to print your own custom classes:
cout<< my_object <<endl;
You have to overload the operator<< function for your class. The operator<< function should look like this for any given class and output stream:
[I]<output stream>[/I]& operator<< ( [I]<output stream>[/I]& out, const [I]<your class>[/I]& obj );
However, if you want the operator to have access to any private or protected members of the class, it has to be a friend of the class as well.
>friend cout << ( ostream & out , const Time & t )
I don't even know what this is supposed to be.
>none of that^ makes since to me. =(
It's the same thing, just more flexible because you're not restricted to std::ostream objects. For example, you can use both cout and wcout where the example that uses std::ostream can only use cout.
oh Ok, but how do classes access variables in other classes?
If my question isn't clear, maybe look at my example main() and see what I'm trying to do. I am completely lost on how to write the Orders class so that I can output the Pizza information. :(
I need to use a vector in the Orders class to store the pizza objects and then output them with the output func
>but how do classes access variables in other classes?
There are
1) Make the data members public, then anyone can access them:
class test {
public:
 int foo;
};
int main()
{
 test t;
 t.foo = 123;
}
2) Make the data members protected, then derived classes can access them:
class test {
protected:
 int foo;
};
class derived: public test {
public:
 void bar() { foo = 123; }
};
3) Make the function or class that accesses a data member a friend of the class:
class test {
 friend void bar ( test& t );
 friend class baz;
private:
 int foo;
};
void bar ( test& t )
{


text:
Performance Evaluation of NCB'S VIS-A VIS PCB'S Operating In Bangladesh
Department of AIS, Islamic University, Kushtia, BD
MD. Abdus Sabur
Khulna University Business Review – A Journal of Business Administration Discipline, Khulna University
Volume 5, Number 1, January to June 2005, Pages 19-31
Published: March 2008
Published Online: July 2019
Commercial Bank is the most important functionary of the financial system play a dynamic role in the economic development of a nation as well as Bangladesh. Economic history shows that financial development always starts with a banking system. In a country's development, the banking systems' contribution is highest in the initial stage of development compared with the other financial systems. An attempt has been made in this paper to evaluate the comparative performance of these two sectors of banks operating in Bangladesh. The specific objectives of the study are to evaluate the growth trend of general business activities of selected banks and identify the comparative commercial profitability, employee efficiency and overall performance of studying banks during 1995 to 2004. On the basis of the analysis considering the above measures included in this paper, it has been observed that the profitability performance as well as trend of general business operation and employee efficiency of the selected private banks was far better than the selected public banks for the study period.


text:
Why Are Alcoholic Drinks Impure?
By: Ayatullah al-Uzma Shaykh Nasir Makarim Shirazi
& Ayatullah Ja'far Subhani
Question: Why have the Ulamah (learned) declared that alcoholic drinks are najis, whereas it cleans many things from the effects of contagious disease and kills many bacteria then what is the reason of it being impure?
Answer: Basically those things in Islam which are declared as najis have different reasons: From them some are najis due to their ingredients and because of them many disease take place (for example Urine and Blood) that is why Islam has considered them najis and instructed to refrain from them.
In the other sphere come those things, which are not apparently bad but are inertly bad and that is why Islam has stated them to be impure. For e.g. infidels - it is possible that a Kafir may be clean and tidy, as it is told in the answer of the seventeenth question that they are deviated according to faith; that is why he is impure on a spiritual basis, which cannot be removed by apparent cleanliness.
To safeguard the beliefs of Muslims, Islam has stated the infidels to be impure, that Muslims can be stopped from intermingling with them and save their spiritual cleanliness. If the infidels were not considered impure and it was allowed to intermingle with them it was possible that many people who do not have strong faith would have been impressed from their sayings and thinking.
Free intermingling with infidels would result in their penetrating into Islamic societies so restricting intercourse with them would protect the Muslims from any possible danger from them.
Thirdly are those things in which the above impurity is not there, but they are source to many social and personal problems for e.g. the alcoholic drinks.
It is correct that alcoholic drinks clean the contagious effect, but alcoholic drinks cause many evils. To stop those evils Islam has declared it impure. People would thus remain away from it, because it is natural that by not using something made from alcohol will creates hate towards it and this itself is war against alcoholic drinks.
 Very soon we will discuss about the impurity of infidels
 Whatever is said above is about alcoholic drinks, but as regards artificial alcohol being impure there is discussion between the scholars and Jurisprudents, because this type of alcohol is not generally meant for drinking, rather it is considered to be a poisonous substance.


Problem with hard drive clicking
From ThinkWiki
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The click sound is usually caused by the drive parking its head. There are multiple causes for that, including power management and shock detection (see below for fixes). However, it may also mean that your drive is about to die (the dreaded "click of death"); check /var/log/messages (or /var/log/syslog) for suspicious errors, and remember to backup!
The Hitachi Travelstar 5K80 series, which shipped with many T series Thinkpads, is reported to suffer from this problem in particular. The clicks occur rapidly, and are quiet but noticeable. While in use in a quiet environment, the clicks can be relatively loud and annoying. The clicks seem to happen when the drive is idle and the power has been on for a significant period of time. Western Digital drives (like the Scorpio series) are also known to exhibit pronounced clicks. The clicking is also reported on other vendors' laptop hard drives, and is therefore almost certainly hard drive related rather than laptop chassis related.
The clicking sound appears to occur only when the drive is idle. Forcing the drive to be busy silences the ticking. Launching programs that access the hard drive, such as searching or defragmenting the drive, helps for a time. Cycling the power on the hard drive, such as through a full power-off reboot of the system, stops the ticking for the moment. hdparm can be used to reset the drive without rebooting, or to set the power management settings.
Others recommend using Hitachi's drive feature tool to increase the acoustic management level.
Possible cause and speculation
Laptop drives (especially Hitachi Hitachi Travelstar 5K80, Hitachi Travelstar 5K100 and SAMSUNG MP0804H) can unload heads very often, producing a noticeable click. Some ThinkPad BIOSes can be very eager to program the HD Advanced Power Management feature (hdparm -B), even when told to always keep the HD in "Maximum Performance mode", and will do so every time AC state changes and when coming out of suspend (be it S3 or S4). Unless you reset the HD's APM mode, it will unload its heads eventually, thus producing the clicks.
Another possible cause is the drive firmware running a low level surface media check periodically during idle time.
It is not known whether the problem is a sign of impending drive failure. The root cause of the problem is not yet known. It is quite likely to be a normal mode of drive operation. The problem is very prevalent.
Do not confuse this with regular activity. Many daemons poll (config) files every few seconds. Despite files being cached, POSIX compliant filesystems like ext2 or ext3 must update (= write) the last access time. More details and a workaround in How to reduce power consumption#Hard_Drives.
Some vendors have extra power-saving timers that might be causing issues, such as the idle3 timer of some WD Green drives that controls the WD Intellipark feature.
Tracking down the cause of the clicks
Using "smartctl -A" (part of the the smartmontools package), it is possible to check if any of the drive's attributes related to platter spin-up/down or head unload are increasing when a click is heard. That can help pinpointing the cause of the clicks.
A shell script like this may help to see if the Load Cycle Count is affected (indicating head unloading):
while :
 newval='smartctl -A /dev/sda | awk '$2=="Load_Cycle_Count" {print $10}''
 if [[ $newval != $lastval ]] # i.e., anything has changed (here: load cycle count only)
 echo $newval
 sleep 30 # or some other interval
Possible solutions (Linux)
The clicking noise apparently occurs when the drive is parking its heads (and ramping them off the drive surface in the process) after a timeout after the last disk access. Temporary relief has been found by using hdparm to turn off power management for the drive:
# hdparm -B 255 /dev/sda
That should stop the drive from parking the heads except when turning off. You can also try
# hdparm -B 254 /dev/sda
which doesn't turn power management off, but is the least aggressive setting: it will still unload heads, but far less often. (The drives are prepared to withstand a great number of head unloads: 200,000 unloads are typical, and Hitachi drives tolerate about 600,000 unloads.)
To make these changes permanent, you have to ensure that the -B commands are reissued at every boot, after resuming from disk or RAM, after hotswapping, and every time the ThinkPad BIOS might try to override them. This is done in two steps: changing the default settings when the system boots, and changing the settings when the system resumes after the lid is closed and re-opened.
Start-up settings
On Debian, edit /etc/hdparm.conf (as root):
# vi /etc/hdparm.conf
Add the following lines:
# Change sda to hda if it's a PATA drive
/dev/sda {
 apm = 255
Then, to refresh the settings, run
# update-rc.d hdparm defaults
On Ubuntu 11.04, the script /usr/lib/pm-utils/power.d/95hdparm-apm (part of the hdparm package) sets the APM level to 128 when on battery and 254 otherwise (these defaults are part of the hdparm_options() function in /lib/hdparm/hdparm-functions). This may be overridden in hdparm.conf with the custom setting apm_battery:
/dev/sda {
 apm = 255
 apm_battery = 255
Alternatively, you can override the 95hdparm-apm script by creating an empty file with the same name in /etc/pm/power.d:
# touch /etc/pm/power.d/95hdparm-apm
On Arch Linux, edit /etc/rc.local instead and add:
hdparm -B 254 /dev/sda
Then reboot the system, and the clicking noise should be gone.
Wake-up settings
The clicking may resume when the lid is closed and re-opened. To fix this, create an executable file named 50_hdparm-pm in /etc/pm/sleep.d:
# vi /etc/pm/sleep.d/50_hdparm-pm
With the following content:
To make it executable, run:
# chmod +x /etc/pm/sleep.d/50_hdparm-pm
If this does not help, but manually setting hdparm -B 255 /dev/sda does, try the script below instead:
case "$1" in
 sleep 2
 hdparm -B 255 /dev/sda
exit $NA
On Ubuntu 8.10 (Linux Mint 6) on a T42, there seems to be something else setting a lower value in battery mode, which might be coming from the BIOS because it clicks during boot and stops with this in place. Make an executable file named "" (the important thing is it's starting with "99"), containing the following:
# Use a less aggressive hard disk power management to get rid of
# clicking noise when the drive is parking its heads
hdparm -B 255 /dev/sda
Then, copy this file to /etc/acpi/suspend.d/, /etc/acpi/resume.d/ and /etc/acpi/start.d/. Remember to make the files executable (chmod +x).
Otherwise, try to reset the drive with -w, but note that this may cause data loss, according to hdparm's man page. When used in the following way to stop the clicking, I have not seen any data loss. YMMV.
# hdparm /dev/sda
# sync
# sleep 5
# sync
# hdparm -w /dev/sda
Laptop mode
Yet another solution is to install the laptop-mode-tools package and have it handle the hard drive's settings. Note that by default, laptop-mode-tools will frequently spin down the hard drive to save power.
Edit /etc/laptop-mode/laptop-mode.conf, set CONTROL_HD_POWERMGMT=1 and ensure that hdparm sets -B 255.
Disable WD Intellipark
On WD Green drives where Intellipark might be causing the problem, you can try to use the idle3-tools utility to disable Intellipark.
Possible solution (Windows)
On a X41T, do BIOS, firmware and IBM updates. Then simply disable the ShockProtection of the hard drive. On a native X41T Windows installation, it solved the problem; one will hear a click only every hour. It seems that the problem is related to an aggressive setting that will try to park the head often to protect the drive, so the problem is not related with power management settings. Perhaps a similar approach also works under Linux. – WBonX (Hitachi drive)
Specific models
Hitachi C4K60 (HTC426060G9AT00)
On a Thinkpad X41 with a has a 60 GB Hitachi C4K60 (HTC426060G9AT00) hard disk that had the clicking problem (even in Windows), the hdparm solution above did not work. The problem was indeed caused by the hard disk unloading the heads when idle, and the Load_Cycle_Count SMART statistic could be seen increasing when the clicks occurred.
hdparm -B settings did not seem to help, and a check of the hard


I have Send as permission on a mailbox. When I log on to my mailbox and send an item as the other user, why does the item appear in my Sent Items folder, not the other user's folder?
This behavior is a feature, not a bug. When you send an item, you're the person who's sending it, even if you're doing so on behalf of another user. This behavior is analogous to the way real-world systems work: If I send a fax from my fax machine, the recipient sees my fax number, even if the cover sheet says that the fax is from the president of the United States.


= 81
 CP nsplit rel error xerror xstd
1 0.176471 0 1.00000 1.00000 0.21559
2 0.019608 1 0.82353 0.82353 0.20018
3 0.010000 4 0.76471 0.82353 0.20018
The Root node error is used to compute two measures of predictive performance, when considering values displayed in the rel error and xerror column, and depending on the complexity parameter (first column):
Note that it is more or less in agreement with classification accuracy from tree:
> library(tree)
> summary(tree(Kyphosis ~ Age + Number + Start, data=kyphosis))
Classification tree:
tree(formula = Kyphosis ~ Age + Number + Start, data = kyphosis)
Number of terminal nodes: 10
Residual mean deviance: 0.5809 = 41.24 / 71
Misclassification error rate: 0.1235 = 10 / 81
where Misclassification error rate is computed from the training sample.
How to increase the space between the bars in a bar plot in ggplot2?
You can always play with the width parameter, as shown below:
df <- data.frame(x=factor(LETTERS[1:4]), y=sample(1:100, 4))
library(ggplot2)
ggplot(data=df, aes(x=x, y=y, width=.5)) +
 geom_bar(stat="identity", position="identity") +
 opts(title="width = .5") + labs(x="", y="") +
 theme_bw()
Compare with the following other settings for width:
alt text
So far, so good. Now, suppose we have two factors. In case you would like to play with evenly spaced juxtaposed bars (like when using space together with beside=TRUE in barplot() ), it's not so easy using geom_bar(position="dodge"): you can change bar width, but not add space in between adjacent bars (and I didn't find a convenient solution on Google). I ended up with something like that:
df <- data.frame(g=gl(2, 1, labels=letters[1:2]), y=sample(1:100, 4))
x.seq <- c(1,2,4,5)
ggplot(data=transform(df, x=x.seq), aes(x=x, y=y, width=.85)) +
 geom_bar(stat="identity", aes(fill=g)) + labs(x="", y="") +
 scale_x_discrete(breaks = NA) +
 geom_text(aes(x=c(sum(x.seq[1:2])/2, sum(x.seq[3:4])/2), y=0,
 label=c("X","Y")), vjust=1.2, size=8)
The vector used for the x -axis is "injected" in the data.frame, so that so you change the outer spacing if you want, while width allows to control for inner spacing. Labels for the x -axis might be enhanced by using scale_x_discrete().
alt text
Read all files in a folder and apply a function to each data frame
On the contrary, I do think working with list makes it easy to automate such things.
Here is one solution (I stored your four dataframes in folder temp/).
filenames <- list.files("temp", pattern="*.csv", full.names=TRUE)
ldf <- lapply(filenames, read.csv)
res <- lapply(ldf, summary)
names(res) <- substr(filenames, 6, 30)
It is important to store the full path for your files (as I did with full.names), otherwise you have to paste the working directory, e.g.
filenames <- list.files("temp", pattern="*.csv")
paste("temp", filenames, sep="/")
will work too. Note that I used substr to extract file names while discarding full path.
You can access your summary tables as follows:
> res$'df4.csv'
 A B
 Min. :0.00 Min. : 1.00
 1st Qu.:1.25 1st Qu.: 2.25
 Median :3.00 Median : 6.00
 Mean :3.50 Mean : 7.00
 3rd Qu.:5.50 3rd Qu.:10.50
 Max. :8.00 Max. :16.00
If you really want to get individual summary tables, you can extract them afterwards. E.g.,
for (i in 1:length(res))
 assign(paste(paste("df", i, sep=""), "summary", sep="."), res[[i]])
Comments in Markdown
I use standard HTML tags, like
<!---
your comment goes here
and here
-->
Note the triple dash. The advantage is that it works with pandoc when generating TeX or HTML output. More information is available on the pandoc-discuss group.


text:
Now that you've set up your VR presentation by adding cameras and 360 hotspots, you're ready to give a VR presentation. InsiteVR has made it easy to communicate with your clients while they explore your VR scene. Here's how:
1. Launch the VR desktop app:
2. Click "Start Presentation:"
3. Launch your 3D model from the InsiteVR GearVR app now:
4. The GearVR app can take up to a minute or two to load. Please be patient and wait for the model to appear in the GearVR. Once it appears the desktop app will say "Connected" and will begin to mirror what is being seen in the GearVR.
NOTE: Your GearVR's phone and your computer must both be connected to WiFi. It does not have to be the same network.
6. You can right click on the screen with your mouse to project a laser pointer into the scene to direct your client's attention.
The following video covers the instructions above.
Congratulations! Being able to stream a VR presentation is the most critical part of communicating with a client during a VR presentation. This will enable you to finally take advantage of virtual reality.
Over time the InsiteVR team has witnessed hundreds, if not thousands, of VR presentations. Here are some presentation tips and best practices that we've collected over that time
If you have any trouble getting your presentation to stream please contact _EMAIL_.


text:
- 1820 - Purchase of seven acres of land from John Cochran for $400
This plot of ground, bounded by today's Main, Walnut, College, and Maple streets, comprised the original campus. It was occasionally refered to in the nineteenth century as the "Old Campus".
- 1855 - Purchase of eighteen acres of land south of Walnut Street from John Ford for $2,700
- 1856 - Purchase of house and lot (four acres)from William Dod laying south of Walnut Street for $2,200
- 1876 - Purchase of house and lot (eight acres) from Speed S. Fry laying south of Walnut Street for $5,912
These three purchases gave the College that part of today's campus laying south of Walnut Street. In the nineteenth century it is sometimes called the "New Campus". In 1862 the College built the first Sayre Library on this land, followed in 1871 by Old Main. The Fry house was used for several years as a fraternity house. It was demolished in 1969.
- 1960 - Purchase of several pieces of property laying along and behind the north side of Main Street
By 1960 the College had decided the close the women's campus, and move the students to new residence halls on the men's campus. The acquisition of this land, and the demolition of the houses that stood on it, provided the necessary space for the construction of Acheson-Caldwell, Cheek-Evans, and Yerkes Houses, and provided room for today's Hillside House and soccer field.


text:
Author: Turpin, Chantal Laurene
Taphonomic changes in response to cold temperature exposure are not well characterized. Specific changes, both macroscopic (recovered animal skeletal material) and microscopic (lamb bone segments experimentally exposed to five different cold treatments), were assessed using thin sectioning and light microscopy. Macroscopic taphonomic changes could not be exclusively attributed to cold climate exposure. In contrast, two types of microstructural cracking damage, longitudinal and osteon cracks, were caused by exposure to cold. The type of cold exposure, such as freeze-drying versus just cold, could in certain instances, be distinguished based on the type and prevalence of the cracks. These findings demonstrate that microstructural cracking can be used as a taphonomic indicator of cold exposure. They also suggest that the type and prevalence of this damage could be used to distinguish between different types of cold exposure.
Copyright is held by the author.
The author granted permission for the file to be printed and for the text to be copied and pasted.
Supervisor or Senior Supervisor
Thesis advisor: Bell, Lynne
Member of collection


text:
Industry Insights webinar to highlight irrigation and water management
The Irrigation Association (IA) will host an Industry Insights webinar June 20 (2-3 p.m. EST) titled "From Irrigation to Water Management."
This session, worth 1 CEU, will be hosted by DJ Seeger, president of Seeger Water. Seeger will provide a picture of the future of the irrigation and green industries. As water resources become scarcer and more expensive, homeowners and property managers are relying on irrigation professionals to keep their landscapes healthy, while reducing consumption. Through new technologies such as flow sensors and central control, irrigators are taking control of water usage and are critical in the future of water conservation. Attendees will learn about the technology, industry best practices and business strategies to lead the industry paradigm shift from irrigation to water management.
Seeger is an authority on water management and conservation, and works with regulatory authorities, professional associations, water purveyors and competitors to promote environmental sustainability and water conservation.


text:
In FTB, when right-clicking on a person and selecting "relation" to open the relationship calculator, the result is in text. For example :
A is the daughter of B
B is the sister of C
C is the husband of D
D is the brother of E
E is the father of F
and so on. While this is useful in some ways, it is not easy to see whether A and F are what I would call "close" or "distant" relatives - whether they are actually blood relatives or related by marriage. I would really appreciate an option to show the relationship graphically. Names would not be important (though some users might prefer them), so something like dots joined by lines, where a single dotted horizontal line is a marriage, a solid horizontal line a sibling, and vertical lines show descendents/amcestors. The above would look sonething like (forgive the poor representation, as I am limited to typed characters):
I inserted the letters for clarity, but all I am asking for are dots to represent the people. maybe pink and blue to indicate sex. Looking at this digram, I can see MUCH quicker that A's parent's sibling's spouse's sibling's child is F, than I could in the text format. I can also quickly see that A and F are related by marriage, not blood.
Given that your program has already calulated the information in text, converting it to the diagram should be easily programmed.
You could widen the realtionship calculator window and add the diagram to one side of the text/memo box.
What it is doing is that it is disallowing any query to be posted on the site. It just displays a loading message and nothing happens...
Your older method of contacting customer support was functional and response was also good.
I wanted to find out how to nest a photo album into another album. For example, I make a grandparent album, under it make parent albums and under them albums forall the children. Automatically all photos would get loadedin thecorrect place.
I am unable to find out how to nest an album within another. Something akin to a tree structured directory/folders
Please guide me how to do it,
And in case the faciliy is not there, please buildit in.
Not just occupations - there are a whole lot of database fiields that do not appear merge when smart-matched, in fact, it seems that most do not. Surely, when merging, ALL fields in the match should be available for comparison and copy?
I note that your website for FTB still advertises smart match technology, even though this no longer works properly in version 8.0. I have just downloaded build 8225, and clicking on the green circle on a person's tab gets me a statement that there are "35 smart matches" for a person I recently added to my tree, but none of the matches show up, even after clicking "update now". However clicking on some people, that I have previously confirmed matches for, sometimes does show the matches. FTB has a bug!
There are instances where you see the Smart Match indicator but when you go to check the matches there are none.
The reason is due to a lag in processing Smart Matches.
When you type the information into your tree, we check to see if there are matches "ad-hoc" or "on the fly".
If there is a match, the green icon appears to indicate we've found a preliminary match.
The actual matches usually take a few days to be processed, so if you go to check your matches right away you won't see any, but ideally you should get matches within 2-3 days, and with large trees 1000 persons, it may take 4-5 days.
No, it has not helped. You miss the point. I click on the green indicator, and go to the smart match page. I get a message at the top of the window saying "Retrieving smart matches for <whoever>". A few seconds later I get "There are <xx> Smart Matches for <whoever>" but THEY DO NOT DISPLAY in the bottom of the window. Pressing the "Update Now" button just repeats the whole process, but they still do not display.
I have attached a pdf with a screen shot showing what I mean. On the attached file shot, there was a "Show the additional 7 Smart Matches" option, and when I clicked that, then the 7 additional matches appeared, but not the other 9. However, that option does not appear with many of the smart match pages - for example, I have an ancestor with 35 matches, but none show, and there are no options to select (ncluding no "Change Smart Match options").
I have looked through the options, and do not find one for not showing previously confirmed options - that may be the cause - is there one? But I don't think that is the problem, as one of the 7 additional matches in the example has been previously confirmed.
From your reply, are you saying that we have to click on the green icon, and then wait a few days for the matches to come through? The ones I am complaining about are people I have had on the tree for a couple of years, and have previously seen smart matches for (using version 7 of FTB, not version 8) but I did not work through all of them.
Thank you for your detailed reply and the Pdf you kindly provided.
I have now pushed your family tree closer to the front of the generation queue and I would like for you to now go back and click on the update button and let me know if this has helped resolve the issue for you.
Thank you for your reply and I am happy to hear that you are back on track.
If you should experience any further problems and you are unable to find the answer you are looking for on the forum or via our Help center then please do not hesitate to contact the support team from your registered MyHeritage email address to _EMAIL_.
Suggest that you update Scottish records eg. Census - there are records after 1861. Please make it clear before people sign up that your Scottish records are limited and when a search is made for Scottish genealogy sites your name pops up. Misleading
I would like to see the Apps page of your main site modified with a user choice of downloading either Version 7 or Version 8 of Family Tree Builder. This option would be a life saver for many of those who have reported and complined about failures, loss of function, and loss of data. The injured could recover function with backup files, while the bloodied but unbowed could bravely soldier on.
Personally I have not seen any geolocation or location matching functionality in MyHeritage. From the sounds of what you guys are saying it seems like you have it? Odd!
If I create a "family book" via the chart generator, the same place will be listed 100 times in the appendix with slightly different formatting (abbreviations, postcodes being added, more or less specific version of the same place name, different language variants of the same place name, typos, etc...).
I was actually going to suggest they add something to sort all of this out.
I intend to go through 2000 records and reformat the place names manually.... *sigh*
I do support suggestion of Graeme. Current data set let to register places of living, birth and death of currently available countries. However historical countries (and flags) shall be available as well.
Possible solution is to give access for the users to edit country list.
Alternative solution is to keep curruent country set as master country list and let the users to create own custom country list.
Names of places should be as they were at the time of the record that the event decribes, thus they will correspond with the original, as part of the data set of that place should be it's geolocation (Latitude & Longitude) and a date range that it was callled that name
In version 5.x we had a very great treeview (next to the list). Since version 6 or so its no longer there.. why leave out this practical navigation method? I'm still working with version 5.. waiting untill it returns..
Excellent question. In version 8, there are a number of additional things left out, for example the tree consistency checker, Translation wizard , GEDCOM merge, ToDo task list, and all 'save' functions (especially "save as"). It is a pity that MH does not think it necessary to warn its customers when they bring out a new version that does not do as much as the replaced version. I upgraded without even thinking that I would lose some very important functionality. What programming company EVER does that? I regret having upgraded, as version 7 no longer seems available.


text:
Definition - What does Benzene Ring mean?
Benzene ring is a hexagonal arrangement found in Benzene, an organic chemical compound. The hexagonal arrangement of the benzene ring contains 6 carbon atoms, which have single or double bonds between them. Each of the carbon atoms within the ring is tied with a hydrogen atom. In some cases, the carbon atom maybe bonded with either a single atom or a group of atoms. The hexagonal arrangement is found in the molecules of the benzene as well as its derivatives. It is a natural component of crude oil in the petroleum industry. Due to its high octane number, it is an important constituent of the gasoline.
Petropedia explains Benzene Ring
Benzene ring molecule consists of 6 carbon atoms, having 1 hydrogen atom attached to each of the carbon atoms in the shape of a ring. Its chemical formula is C6H6 and this organic chemical compound is the most natural element of crude oil. Benzene is classified as a hydrocarbon, since its molecules have only carbon and hydrogen. Due to its high octane number in its molecular structure, it is an important constituent of gasoline making it an important fuel for engine; with ell as its derivatives. It is a natural component of crude oil in the petroleum industry.


Definition of 'Severability'
A clause in a contract that allows for the terms of the contract to be independent of one another, so that if a term in the contract is deemed unenforceable by a court, the contract as a whole will not be deemed unenforceable. If there were no severability clause in a contract, a whole contract could be deemed unenforceable because of one unenforceable term.
Also known as a "severability clause" or a "savings clause".
Investopedia explains 'Severability'
A contract with a severability clause is essentially one contract divided into many different parts: default on one component of the contract does not prevent the rest of the contract from being fulfilled. If a sentence, clause or term in a contract is deemed invalid by a court, then this problem area of the contract will most often be rewritten to fit both the contract's original intent and the requirements of the court.
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 6. Marginal Analysis
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text: Integrated iron and steel plants generate large amounts of metallurgical slag, which usually contains some quantity of metals or mixtures of oxides that could be treated to be recycled in various applications. The conventional method for disposal of slags is dumping. However, it is possible to process the slags to be used in the production of metallic iron, or as an additive in cement making. In this study, a basic oxygen furnace (BOF) steelwork slag obtained from the Kardemir integrated iron and steel works, Karabuk, Turkey is used. A drum magnetic separator system with pre-engineered crucial processing parameters of drum revolution speed, drum radius, drum flesh thickness, and magnitude of the magnetic field applied is utilized, as these parameters have a competing influence on the results. Subsequently, the effects of slag grain size and the drum-blade gap are investigated in the separation efficiency of magnetic grains. It is found that collection of magnetic grains is improved by decreasing the grain size of slags and moreover, the collection of magnetic grains fraction is increased with an increase in the gap between the blades and drum.


(Europa.EU) QuantERA Consortium is pleased to announce the Call for Proposals in Quantum Information and Communication Sciences and Technologies: QuantERA Co-funded Call 2021.
QuantERA II ERA-NET Cofund in Quantum Technologies (QT) is a consortium of national and regional Research Funding Organisations supporting QT research. QuantERA II is supported by the EU Future and Emerging Technologies programme (FET). The funding organisations of QuantERA II jointly support European multilateral research projects with the potential to initiate or foster new lines of QT through collaborations exploring advanced multidisciplinary science and/or cutting-edge engineering.
The submitted proposals are expected to be aligned with one of the two QuantERA cofunded call 2021 topics:
1. Quantum Phenomena and Resources (QPR);
2. Applied Quantum Science (AQS).
The funded projects in both topics are expected to address one or more of the following areas:
1. Quantum communication;
2. Quantum simulation;
3. Quantum computation;
4. Quantum information sciences;
5. Quantum metrology sensing and imaging.
The project consortia must involve a minimum of 3 eligible partners requesting funding in at least 3 of the following participating countries: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey.
Indicative timeline:
Deadline for outline proposals: May 13th, 2021, 17.00 CET
Deadline for full proposals (for invited applicants): September 15th, 2021, 17.00 CET
Call results: December 2021
Earliest funded project start: January/February 2022
QuantERA Coordinator: National Science Centre (NCN), Poland Coordination Office, e-mail: _EMAIL_
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CLC bio Part of $7.8 Million EU STATegra Grant to Develop Integral Analysis Platform for Epigenetics
12/12/2012 9:24:53 AM
AARHUS, Denmark--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Today CLC bio announced the participation in the European FP7 project, STATegra, and receives 1.3 million US Dollars out of the total $7.8M project budget. STATegra aims to develop a user-friendly integral analysis platform for different omics data that is capable of providing a more efficient use of genomics technologies. As a first, this project will generate and integrate data obtained in proteomic, metabolomic and epigenomic experiments. "One of the big challenges today is going past the raw sequence data and getting to grips with the complexity of epigenetic processes - how, when, and why are certain genes switched off or expressed?" states Senior Bioinformatics Scientist at CLC bio, Dr. Michael Lappe, and continues, "By working together with leading experimental researchers and using our in-house competences in world-class software-engineering, we aim to leverage a framework which makes this extremely complex network biology understandable. Ultimately our tools will facilitate the translation of massive amounts of data into useful insights that can be applied in clinical settings."


text:
The Mekko chart below shows some of the entities affected by large data breaches. The entities are organized in columns based on their category and the width of the column represents the number of records affected. Each entity is represented by a segment in a column and the area of the segment is proportional to the number of records affected.
This chart was built using the Aploris data visualization add-in for PowerPoint. Use Aploris to efficiently build engaging, insightful business charts


ClusterApp.
Start the Ambari portal
 1. In Azure Explorer, right-click your Spark cluster name, and then select Open Cluster Management Portal (Ambari).
 2. When you're prompted, enter the admin credentials for the cluster. You specified these while provisioning the cluster.
Manage Azure subscriptions
By default, HDInsight Tool in Azure Toolkit for Eclipse lists the Spark clusters from all your Azure subscriptions. If necessary, you can specify the subscriptions for which you want to access the cluster.
 1. In Azure Explorer, right-click the Azure root node, and then select Manage Subscriptions.
 2. In the dialog box, clear the check boxes for the subscription that you don't want to access, and then select Close. You can also select Sign Out if you want to sign out of your Azure subscription.
Run a Spark Scala application locally
You can use HDInsight Tools in Azure Toolkit for Eclipse to run Spark Scala applications locally on your workstation. Typically, these applications don't need access to cluster resources such as a storage container, and you can run and test them locally.
Prerequisite
While you're running the local Spark Scala application on a Windows computer, you might get an exception as explained in SPARK-2356. This exception occurs because WinUtils.exe is missing in Windows.
To resolve this error, you need download the executable to a location like C:\WinUtils\bin, and then add the environment variable HADOOP_HOME and set the value of the variable to C\WinUtils.
Run a local Spark Scala application
 1. Start Eclipse and create a project. In the New Project dialog box, make the following choices, and then select Next.
 - In the left pane, select HDInsight.
 - In the right pane, select Spark on HDInsight Local Run Sample (Scala).
 New Project dialog box
 2. To provide the project details, follow steps 3 through 6 from the earlier section Setup a Spark Scala project for an HDInsight Spark cluster.
 3. The template adds a sample code (LogQuery) under the src folder that you can run locally on your computer.
 Location of LogQuery
 4. Right-click the LogQuery application, point to Run As, and then select 1 Scala Application. Output like this appears on the Console tab:
 Spark application local run result
Known problems
When link a cluster, I would suggest you to provide credential of storage.
Interactive sign-in
There are two modes to submit the jobs. If storage credential is provided, batch mode will be used to submit the job. Otherwise, interactive mode will be used. If the cluster is busy, you might get the error below.
eclipse get error when cluster busy
eclipse get error when cluster busy
Feedback
If you have any feedback, or if you encounter any other problems when using this tool, send us an email at _EMAIL_.
See also
Scenarios
Creating and running applications
Tools and extensions
Managing resources


text:
Background: We report an invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) with negative (1,3)-β-D-glucan and dynamically elevated white blood cells combined with procalcitonin proven by bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) culture.
Methods: Appropriate laboratory tests are carried out. Chest CTs were performed to assess the lungs. The cause of infection was determined using BALF culture.
Results: Serum (1,3)-β-D-glucan was negative, white blood cells and procalcitonin were significantly higher than normal. The bronchoscopy revealed obvious necrotic detritus and pseudo membrane in the trachea, left and right main bronchi, and branches. BALF culture revealed the presence of Aspergillus.
Conclusions: Negative (1,3)-β-D-glucan is not safe to rule out invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. BALF culture is critical for IPA diagnosis.


Dalhousie Law Journal
J. Helen Beck
Mental handicaps, self-sufficient, economic burden, potential contributors to society, employment opportunity, social service structures
Mental handicaps affect a suprisingly large part of the community. If the handicapped cannot make themselves self-sufficient, they become a great economic burden whereas they may have the potential of being contributors to society. This paper will examine aspects of the law relating to employment opportunity and certain social service structures, and question the extent to which they further a handicapped person's goal of fulfilling his employment potential. Field research was done only in the Halifax area, but the analysis is pertinent across Canada because the statutory provisions, social services and social assistance structures found in Halifax are on the whole similar to those found across Canada.


activity window is first drawn, after it goes through all of the startup stuff. This time includes the entire time that it took to launch the process, until the application ran layout and drew for the first time. This is basically the main information you need. It doesn't include the amount of time it took between the user clicking your app icon and the system getting ready to launch your activity, which is fine, because you cannot (as an app developer) affect that time, so there's no need to measure it. Instead, it includes all of the time it took to load your code, initialize your classes that are used at start time, run layout, and draw your app that first time. All of which is really what you want to measure, because that's what you can and should try to optimize.

 There's an additional option to be aware of. The 'Displayed' time is automatically reported, to give you a quick measure of how long that initial launch took. But what if you are also loading in some other content asynchronously and want to know how long it took for everything to be loaded, drawn, and ready to go? In that case, you'll want to additionally call Activity.onReportFullyDrawn(), which will then report, in the log, the time between that initial apk start (the same time as that used for the Displayed time) and the time when you call the onReportFullyDrawn() method. This secondary time is a superset of the initial one (assuming you call it after the initial launch time, which is preferred), giving you the additional information about how long it took to do everything, including the follow-on work after the app was first displayed.

 There is another way of measuring startup time which is worth mentioning for completeness, especially since it uses my favorite device tool, screenrecord. This technique involves recording the entire experience of tapping on your app's icon to launch it and waiting until your app window is up and ready to go.

  First, start screenrecord with the --bugreport option (which adds timestamps to the frames - this was a feature added in L. I think):

$ adb shell screenrecord --bugreport /sdcard/launch.mp4

  Then tap your app icon, wait until your app is displayed, ctrl-C screenrecord, and pull the file up onto your host system with adb pull:

$ adb pull /sdcard/launch.mp4

  Now you can open the resulting video and see what's happening when. To do this effectively, you'll need to have a video player that allows you to step frame-by-frame (Quicktime does this, not sure what the best player with this feature is on other OSs). Now step through the frames, noticing that there's a frame timestamp at the top of the video window.

  Step forward until you see the app icon highlighted - this happens after the system has processed the click event on the icon and has started to launch the app. Note the frame time when this happened. Now frame-step forward until you see the first frame that your application's full UI begins to be visible. Depending on your launch experience (whether you have a starting window, a splash screen, etc.), the exact sequence of events and windows may vary. For a simple application you'll see the starting window come up first, then a cross-fade with the real UI in your application when it's ready. You want to note the first frame where you see any of the real UI content of your app. This happens when your app has finished layout and drawn itself, and is now ready to be shown. Note the time at this frame as well.

  Now subtract the two times ((UI displayed) - (icon tapped)); this is the full time that it took for your app to go all the way from the initial user tap to being drawn and ready. It is a superset of the "Displayed" log described above, since it includes time before the process launches and after that first rendering (when the system starts the cross-fade animation), but it is at least something that you can use for comparison purposes with other launches after you make things faster and want to see how much better it is.

  As with any performance testing, it's good to try to run your tests in similar situations multiple times (including making sure you're testing 'cold start' as noted above), as various things can happen to vary the results on any one run.

  Now that you know how to figure out your launch times, whichever approach you use, go make it faster.
 Please.
 Chet Haasehttps://plus.google.com/104755487586666698979noreply@blogger.com15tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6843566830671277353.post-64984259746239124832015-06-09T09:02:00.000-07:002015-06-09T09:02:45.007-07:00Developing for AndroidA series of articles have been posted on the <a href="_URL_ Developers publication on medium.com that explain the constraints of mobile applications and a set of rules to keep in mind in order to develop good, well-performing Android applications.

  <a href="_URL_ Understanding the Mobile Context
 <a href="_URL_ Memory
 <a href="_URL_ Performance
 <a href="_URL_ Networking
 <a href="_URL_ Language & Libraries
 <a href="_URL_ Storage
 <a href="_URL_ Framework
 <a href="_URL_ The Rules: User Interface
 <a href="_URL_ ToolsChet Haasehttps://plus.google.com/104755487586666698979noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6843566830671277353.post-42614924394178644532015-01-28T06:46:00.000-08:002015-01-28T13:17:26.424-08:00Android Development: Lotsa LinksThis is meant to be a living archive of Android presentations, articles, videos, whatever that I've presented, co-presented, written, been a witness to, or simply enjoyed and learned from. People ask for this stuff occasionally ("Where can I learn more about performance tuning on Android?" or "Where can I see more videos of Romain? He's so dreamy, with that almost-real French accent!"),


Tolkien Gateway
Everholt was the name the Rohirrim gave to a section of the Firien Wood. It was notorious for its boar, after which the forest was named.[1]
[edit] Etymology
The name means "boar-wood". The first element comes from Old English eofor, "boar". The second element appears also in Dimholt.
Eofor is also a Rohirric name.
[edit] References


text:
When it comes to taking images of a high-quality, having a DSLR sensor that is clean is really necessary. Over time, grit, dust, and other particles can collect on the sensor, which can cause blotches and other imperfections to appear on the photographs you take. Cleaning your camera's sensor on a regular basis is required to preserve the functionality of your photographic equipment and provide the highest possible image quality. In this post, we will walk you through the steps necessary to successfully clean the sensor of your DSLR camera and offer advice on how to maintain your camera equipment clean.
Being Aware of the Significance of Keeping Your DSLR Sensor Clean
The image-capture mechanism of your DSLR camera revolves around the sensor, which serves as its brain. It is made up of millions of extremely small pixels, each of which can detect light and capture a picture. The quality of your images may suffer if there are any dust particles, smudges, or debris on the sensor. This may manifest as apparent spots or imperfections in the captured image. Consequently, maintaining a clean sensor in your DSLR is essential if you want to produce photographs that are crisp and error-free.
Making Preparations for the Cleaning of Sensors
It is crucial to make some preparations before beginning the process of cleaning the sensor, including the following:
- Completely charge your camera's battery to guarantee that it will continue to work normally throughout the cleaning procedure.
- Find a location that is free of dust and debris, ideally one that is inside, to reduce the likelihood that further dust particles may congregate on the sensor.
- Take off any lenses that are attached to the camera, then put the cap on the body of the camera to keep the sensor safe.
Selecting Appropriate Cleaning Equipment and Supplies
You will want the following equipment in order to clean the sensor on your DSLR camera successfully:
- A blower, sometimes known as a blower bulb or an air blower, is a device that may be used to clean a sensor without directly touching it.
- Cleaning Swabs for Sensors These specialist swabs are meant for wet cleaning and removing stubborn dirt or smudges from the sensor. They are available in a variety of different colors.
- Sensor Cleaning Solution In addition to the cleaning swabs, a sensor cleaning solution is utilized in order to dissolve and eliminate any oily residues that may be present on the sensor surface.
Cleaning Methods for Digital Single Lens Reflex Cameras
Dry cleaning and wet cleaning are the two processes that are most frequently utilized for the cleaning of DSLR sensors. Let's go through each approach in further detail:
The technique of Dry Cleaning
When it comes to eliminating stray dust particles from the sensor, the dry cleaning approach is an effective choice. Proceed in the following manner:
- Follow the instructions that came with your camera to activate the mode that cleans the sensor of the camera. This mode prevents the user from adjusting the mirror and exposes the sensor so it may be cleaned.
- Make use of a blower bulb to direct air onto the surface of the sensor. Hold the camera so that the lens mount is pointing downwards. This will enable any dust that has been loosened to fall out of the camera.
- If required, carry out the procedure a few more times, taking care not to contact the sensor surface or use an excessive amount of force.
Wet Cleaning Method
When dry cleaning alone is not enough to get the job done, wet cleaning is the approach that is employed. The following is a guide for performing wet cleaning:
- Make sure that you are in an area that is sanitized and under control.
- Apply a few drops of sensor cleaning solution on a cleaning swab, and use it to moisten the swab. It is important to avoid getting the swab too wet.
- Swipe the cotton swab across the surface of the sensor in a single, consistent path, avoiding any lateral motions as much as possible. To avoid spreading bacteria from one area to another, you should start each swipe with a clean swab.
- If necessary, carry out the procedure once more, this time using clean swabs each time.
- Before reattaching the lens, you should give the sensor sufficient time to thoroughly dry.
Carrying out the Procedure for Cleaning the Sensors
Now, let's go through the process of cleaning the sensor on your DSLR in a step-by-step fashion:
First, ensure that the environment is spotless and free of any dust.
When doing the sensor cleaning, select a location that is well-lit, clean, and free of dust. Steer clear of places where there is a lot of air movement or where there could be sources of dust.
Step 2: Take the Lens Out of the Camera.
You may remove the lens from your camera by pushing the button labeled "lens release" and turning the lens in the opposite direction of the clock. Put on the camera body cap to keep any dirt or debris from entering the camera.
Step 3: Activate the Mode for Cleaning the Sensors
Find the option to clean the sensor by consulting the instruction booklet that came with your camera. Putting this option into action will disable the mirror, exposing the sensor so that it may be cleaned.
Step 4: Conduct an Examination of the Sensor
Utilize a sensor loupe or a source of strong light to examine the sensor in order to identify any apparent dust or dirt. Make a mental note of any obvious messes that need to be cleaned.
The fifth step is dry cleaning.
To remove any loose dust particles from the sensor surface, use a blower bulb to blow air onto the surface of the sensor gently. Take care not to contact the sensor with the blower, and avoid using too much power when you do so.
Wet Cleaning (If Necessary) is Step 6 in this Process.
Proceed with the procedure of wet cleaning that was explained before in the event that dry cleaning does not remove all of the stains. Utilize the proper cleaning solution in conjunction with the sensor cleaning swabs.
Reattach the Lens as the Seventh Step
After you have finished the cleaning procedure, reattach the lens to your camera in a cautious manner. Verify that the alignment is correct, and then secure it by turning it in a clockwise direction until it clicks into place.
Suggestions for the Avoidance of Sensor Dust
In addition to doing routine sensor cleaning, the following are some other things you can do to reduce the amount of dust that accumulates on the sensor of your DSLR:
- Always keep your lenses and camera body covered with caps while they are not in use to prevent dust from accumulating on them and causing damage. Caps can be purchased separately for both the lens and the camera body.
- Changing Lenses in Dusty Environments Should Be Avoided If at all feasible, you should avoid changing lenses in situations that are dusty or windy. Find somewhere that is tidy and out of the wind to change your lenses.
- Leave the Time Spent with the Camera Sensor Exposed to a Minimum When switching lenses; you should leave the camera sensor exposed for the smallest amount of time feasible to minimize the risk of dust getting into the camera.
- Maintain a Tidy Appearance in Your Camera Bag: It is important to clean your camera bag on a regular basis in order to eliminate any dust or dirt that can end up on your equipment.
- Ensure That Your Equipment Is Properly Stored: When you are not using your camera and lenses, ensure that they are kept in a spotless and dust-free environment by using a camera bag or a dry cabinet.
It is essential to regularly clean the sensor on your DSLR camera in order to preserve the image quality and achieve optimum performance. You can maintain the cleanliness of your photographic equipment and keep it free from unsightly smudges and blemishes if you take the necessary preventative steps and follow the recommended cleaning procedures. Always remember to treat your equipment with care, and if you need any particular instructions, consult the handbook that came with your camera.


Can Horses Swim? Are They Good Swimmers?
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It depends. Like humans, horses can sink if they don't know how to swim. While most horses can stay afloat pretty well, this shouldn't be mistaken to mean that horses naturally are great swimmers even without prior training.
If you love horses and swimming, you may have thought of taking your horse for a swim or even for the sole purpose of fitness and rehabilitation. But this is never a good idea unless you have an experienced horse that knows how to swim.
You need to consider the fact that horses can sink. Horses also have a hard time turning in water. In fact, your horse can keep moving forward despite your best efforts to try to get your horse to move and make a turn.
This can also increase drowning risks, which will ultimately scare your horse from wanting to learn how to swim. If your horse hasn't been through a swimming or floating lesson or they are too nervous about getting inside water, it's not advisable to make them swim.
Wild horses couldn't live their entire lives in the wild without getting into the water. These types of horses naturally engage with water regularly. However, horses that aren't from the wild don't have the same instincts or capabilities when it comes to swimming.
Horses may, therefore, be among those animals that are genetically predisposed to swim. But it's not advisable to introduce swimming suddenly without unlocking your horse's genetic potential.
Your horse's first experience with water is critical, and you need to slowly introduce them to the idea of being in the water. Allow them to stand and walk around at their own pace and never ride them into deep water until your horse is fully trained and comfortable with that concept.
Do Horses Like To Swim? Are Horses Good Swimmers?
Like people, some horses seem to love swimming while others don't. Many different types of horses can become good swimmers once they become accustomed to the water.
But keep in mind, horses cannot hold their breath underwater, and you should never take your horse where there are big waves. This can be very dangerous and cause your horse a lot of unnecessary trauma.
It is also not recommended to ride your horse in the water if it is windy out. The water that gets blown in their face or causes their head to be submerged in the water can cause many issues, including water in their ears.
Horse Swimming
Teaching A Horse To Swim
If you want to get your horse into the water during the hot summer, you'll need to teach him/her how to swim better. As mentioned above, horses may be genetically predisposed to swimming; however, they need a progressive introduction.
You should start with shallow water to allow your horse to get comfortable with the idea of swimming, which can be an excellent exercise for horses.
Never guide your horse into deep water or attempt to force a swimming lesson. You can begin by visiting a shallow pond and try riding him/her in water that is at most 2 feet deep. Once he/she is used to this depth, you can venture deeper.
As you introduce your horse to deeper water, ensure there are no big stones underneath. You can do test runs on your own to make sure your horse doesn't trip on rocks.
However, before allowing your horse to venture into the deeper water, let them stand momentarily in the water until they are comfortable. You should watch out for signs of nervousness, like abrupt movements coupled with awkward stops.
When your horse is comfortable, you can venture deeper. Make sure you are in front of him/her to avoid being kicked as they may try to push forward inside the water. Also, remember to teach your horse how to turn while in water.
When your horse becomes familiar with the water around them, their natural swimming instinct will "kick in." Since they are heavy, you'll only see their head when they are swimming, similar to when larger dogs swim.
Their entire body will be submerged, and you'll only be able to see their head. If you look underneath, he/she will be busy paddling with their legs, just like how dogs swim.
In fact, horses look like they are running if you watch them swimming from underwater. But this happens over time when a horse gets comfortable in the water and learns how to swim.
Tip: It's advisable to guide your horse using a rope initially before he/she knows how to swim.
Horse Swimming Whilst Being Ridden
Is It Safe To Ride A Swimming Horse?
It can be dangerous and hard to ride a horse that is swimming. Since horses make different movements from those made when riding, your chances of slipping and falling are higher. What's more, horses tend to be more focused on swimming than the rider, which poses serious risks.
It's difficult to predict a horse's movement while they are swimming. Your horse is likely to make unexpected and/or rapid movements that pose serious risks.
There's also the risk of being kicked if you fall off your horse's back while he is swimming. While a horse kick underwater may not be as lethal as one on land, it can injure you seriously, making it impossible for you to swim.
You can also float away if you attempt to ride a swimming horse. If you don't know how to swim, don't try to ride a horse in any type of water. If your horse's head is the only part of its body above the water, your chances of drowning are higher if you don't know how to swim.
What To Do When Riding A Swimming Horse
If you must ride a swimming horse, there are some precautions you can take.
First and foremost, don't push your horse downwards into the water. Horses can't breathe underwater and will most probably get nervous making erratic movements and push you off his/her back.
Instead, you should swim as well to avoid exerting undue pressure on your horse. This is better than clamming on his/her neck and making them nervous.
You should also swim for short periods at a time. As mentioned above, horses are not meant to swim. They tend to get tired faster underwater, much more so than humans.
How Long Can Horses Swim?
To avoid tiring your horse and running the risk of allowing them to sink, don't subject your horse to swimming for more than 10 minutes at a time. It is also best to exit the water before you and your horse gets tired of swimming.
If you happen to get off your horse's back and start swimming beside them, be absolutely certain to stay away from their kicking legs. This can be extremely dangerous because a horse that kicks you underwater can be lethal.
Note: Avoid swimming around your horse because this tends to make them nervous and could cause them to make unnecessary movements that could tire them even faster.
Do Horses Enjoy Being In Water?
This is a tricky question because, just like humans, some horses might love splashing around in the water while others might be terrified of it.
You obviously can't ask your horse how they feel about being in the water, but there are sure signs that will allow you to understand how your horse is adapting to the experience.
You'll be able to see in their behavior whether they are enjoying the water or if they are hesitant to go near or in it.
When you guide your horse to water, make sure you don't immediately head for the deeper water. Your horse's head should never be submerged, and don't ever push your horse to go somewhere they don't want to go.
Give your buddy a chance to adapt by walking in shallow water and allowing them to explore the idea of being wet. This will give you a good indication as to whether or not your horse enjoys being in the water.
Unlike horses that have lived in the wild, your horse might not enjoy deep water because they are not a good swimmer.
Everybody thinks that horses can naturally swim and that you can immediately ride a horse into the ocean. However, that is just not the case, and every horse is different when it comes to whether or not they enjoy swimming.
Some horses, such as wild horses, will playfully paw at the water before rolling over in it. If your horse starts pawing at the water, you should make them stop immediately.
Riding a horse in water that begins to paw at it can be extremely dangerous for the rider. If that horse flips with you on it, you can get severely injured and even drown.
So always make sure you stop your horse from pawing at water regardless of how cute it looks!
Do Horses Need To Swim?
No. While horses need exercise, they can get all the training they need running or doing other ground exercises. However, if you want to expose your horse to various activities, swimming can be a good alternative when properly introduced.
Since horses rely heavily on their legs when swimming, this can be a great leg exercise. Swimming can also strengthen your horse's core muscles and improve his/her overall fitness.
In fact, swimming is common among horses with injuries because this type of exercise can heal serious injuries and boost muscle growth.
Like humans, horses must learn how to swim first before taking them out into deep waters for the first time. You should also ensure you know how to swim if you plan on riding him/her while they are in the water.
Keep in mind that there are many risks associated with horses and water. If your horse begins to panic, it may forget about you and head in a different direction. So always be alert!
The importance of teaching your horse how to swim can be the difference between having a happy horse who is comfortable strolling along the coast or having a companion that is terrified of water.
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