How To Set The Time On A Smart Bracelet
Mobile Accessories
how-to-set-the-time-on-a-smart-bracelet
Source: Youtube.com
Are you struggling to set the time on your smart bracelet? Look no further! In this article, we will guide you through the step-by-step process of setting the time on your smart bracelet, ensuring that you never miss a beat. Whether you have a fitness tracker or a smartwatch, the time-setting process is generally similar across devices.
By mastering how to set the time on your smart bracelet, you can stay punctual and keep track of your activities with ease. With our comprehensive instructions, you'll be able to sync your smart bracelet to the correct time and ensure that it accurately reflects your schedule and preferences. So, let's dive in and get your smart bracelet perfectly in sync with your life!
Inside This Article
 1. Overview
 2. Method 1: Using the Mobile App
 3. Method 2: Using the Smart Bracelet Buttons
 4. Method 3: Synchronizing the Time with a Smartphone
 5. Conclusion
 6. FAQs
Overview
Setting the time on a smart bracelet is a crucial step to ensure the accurate tracking of your activities and help you stay on schedule. These wearable devices not only monitor your fitness and health but also display the current time and date.
Syncing your smart bracelet with your smartphone is the first step in setting the time. This allows the bracelet to connect to your device, enabling it to receive updates and automatically adjust its time based on your smartphone's settings.
Accessing the settings menu of your smart bracelet is the next step. This is usually done through the companion app on your smartphone or by using the touch screen interface on the bracelet itself. The settings menu is where you'll find the option to adjust the time and date.
Once you're in the settings menu, look for the "Time" or "Date and Time" option. Tap on it, and you'll be able to make the necessary adjustments. Some smart bracelets offer the option to set the time manually, while others automatically sync with your smartphone.
Manually setting the time involves using the touch screen or physical buttons on the device to scroll through the hours, minutes, and seconds. Simply adjust the time to match the current time and proceed to the next step.
If your smart bracelet supports automatic time syncing, you may need to toggle on the option within the settings menu. This will ensure that the bracelet stays constantly connected to your smartphone and receives the accurate time updates.
After making the necessary adjustments, confirm the changes to save them. The smart bracelet will update the time and date display to reflect your updates. Remember to double-check the accuracy to ensure that the time is set correctly.
By following these steps, you'll be able to set the time on your smart bracelet and enjoy accurate time tracking along with the other features and benefits offered by these wearable devices.
Method 1: Using the Mobile App
One of the easiest and most convenient ways to set the time on your smart bracelet is by using the dedicated mobile app. Most smart bracelets come with a companion app that you can install on your smartphone to sync and control various features.
To start, make sure your smart bracelet is paired with your smartphone via Bluetooth. Open the mobile app and navigate to the settings section. Look for the option to set the time and tap on it.
Once you're in the time settings menu, you'll usually be presented with multiple options like 12-hour or 24-hour format and the ability to manually set the time or sync it with your smartphone's time. Choose the option that suits your preference.
If you want to synchronize the time with your smartphone, simply tap on the "Sync Time" button. The app will communicate with your smart bracelet and update the time based on your smartphone's clock.
If you prefer to manually set the time, you can do so by selecting the "Manual Setting" option. You'll then be able to input the specific time and date using the app's interface. Adjust the hour, minute, and second accordingly, and select the appropriate AM or PM indicator for 12-hour format.
Once you are satisfied with the adjustments, tap on the "Save" or "Confirm" button to apply the changes. The smart bracelet will receive the new time settings and display them on its screen.
It's worth noting that the steps and options may vary slightly depending on the brand and model of your smart bracelet, as well as the companion app you are using. However, the general process should be similar across different devices.
By using the mobile app to set the time on your smart bracelet, you can ensure accuracy and convenience. Plus, it allows you to make other customized settings and adjustments as well.
Method 2: Using the Smart Bracelet Buttons
If the smart bracelet you are using doesn't have the option to sync with your smartphone, don't worry! You can still set the time directly on the bracelet using its buttons. Here's how:
1. Check your smart bracelet's user manual to locate the specific buttons used for navigating and adjusting settings. Typically, these buttons are located on the sides of the bracelet or on the front face.
2. Press the button or combination of buttons that will allow you to access the settings menu on your smart bracelet. Depending on the model, this could be a long press, a double press, or a combination of specific buttons.
3. Once you are in the settings menu, navigate through the options using the designated buttons. Look for an option related to "Date and Time" or "Clock Settings."
4. Select the "Date and Time" or "Clock Settings" option using the appropriate button and press it to enter. Here you will find options to adjust the time, date, and other related settings.
5. Use the navigation buttons to scroll through the available options. Look for the "Time" or "Clock" option and select it.
6. Now, you can adjust the time on your smart bracelet using the buttons. Some bracelets might have separate buttons for increasing and decreasing the time, while others might use a combined button to adjust the time forward or backward.
7. Once you have set the desired time, press the confirmation button or follow the on-screen instructions to save the changes.
8. After confirming the time, exit the settings menu and take a quick glance at your smart bracelet's display to ensure that the time is correctly set.
By following these steps, you can easily set the time on your smart bracelet using the buttons on the device itself, even if it doesn't have the option to sync with your smartphone.
Method 3: Synchronizing the Time with a Smartphone
If you want to ensure that the time on your smart bracelet is always accurate, you can synchronize it with your smartphone. This method is convenient and ensures that both devices display the same time. Here's how you can do it:
1. Start by downloading and installing the companion app for your smart bracelet on your smartphone. The app is usually available on both iOS and Android platforms, and you can find it in the respective app stores.
2. Open the app and create an account if necessary, or log in with your existing account credentials. Make sure to grant the necessary permissions for the app to access and sync data with your smart bracelet.
3. Once you're logged in, navigate to the settings menu within the app. Look for an option that allows you to sync the time or adjust the time settings. The exact wording may vary depending on the brand and model of your smart bracelet.
4. Tap on the sync time option, and the app will initiate the synchronization process. It will send the current time from your smartphone to your smart bracelet, ensuring they are perfectly aligned.
5. After a few moments, the synchronization process will be completed, and the time on your smart bracelet should match the time displayed on your smartphone. If not, try restarting both devices and repeating the synchronization process.
By synchronizing the time on your smart bracelet with your smartphone, you can rest assured knowing that you will always have the accurate time on your wrist. This method eliminates the need for manual adjustments and ensures that you're never late or ahead of schedule.
Setting the time on a smart bracelet may seem like a simple task, but it can often be confusing, especially for first-time users. In this article, we have explored the step-by-step process of setting the time on a smart bracelet, ensuring that you can keep track of time accurately and effortlessly.
By following the instructions provided, you can customize the time display on your smart bracelet to match your preferred time zone and format. Whether you are adjusting for daylight saving time or simply need to sync your smart bracelet with your smartphone, these guidelines will help you navigate the settings with ease.
Remember, always refer to the user manual that came with your specific smart bracelet model for precise instructions and troubleshooting tips. With this newfound knowledge, you can confidently set and manage the time on your smart bracelet and enjoy its full range of features.
FAQs
1. What is a smart bracelet?
A smart bracelet is a wearable device that combines the functionality of a fitness tracker and a smartwatch. It typically tracks your daily activities, monitors your heart rate, counts steps, and displays notifications.
2. How do I connect my smart bracelet to my phone?
To connect your smart bracelet to your phone, you'll need to install the companion app on your smartphone. Once installed, open the app, and follow the instructions to pair the device via Bluetooth. Make sure that your phone's Bluetooth is turned on.


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You are here
STEM (Sistema di Telerilevamento e Monitoraggio del Territorio e dell'Ambiente Trentino / Remote Sensing tool for monitoring landscape and environment in the Trentino region) is a multidisciplinary project with the aim of using Remote Sensing data and machine learning techniques to map and classify the environment for monitoring purposes. Particularly STEM aims at implementing algorithms and tools for the efficient processing of remotely sensed data (orthoimages) for forestry and agricultural applications. All the implemented tools are integrated in an open-source GIS software using a dedicated plug-in. The final supervised product is dedicated to public administration technicians allowing easy and transparent classification of wide areas and their simple query to define the land use and in particular the plantation typologies.
- Nex, F., Delucchi, L., Gianelle, D., Neteler,M., Remondino, F., Dalponte, M., 2015: Land cover classification and monitoring: the STEM open source solution. European Journal of Remote Sensing, Vol. 48, pp. 811-831, doi: 10.5721/EuJRS20154845
TRILOGIS, MARSEC, E. Mach Foundation (FEM)

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


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Congratulations to Sandra M. Lima Rocha Teixeira Neves and Richard Baker McElroy, the two students who were chosen as the 2018-19 Rovelstad scholarship recipients. They were selected among an impressive field of library and information science students.
Students who had completed at least 6 credits in the Master's in Library and Information Science program by the end of the spring semester of 2019 were eligible to apply. Each applicant submitted a statement of achievements, career interests, and goals in less than 750 words; along with a detailed curriculum vitae which included their volunteer activities, association memberships, attendance at professional conferences and workshops, and similar activities. They also provided two references.
Finalists for the scholarship were interviewed by the committee, which based its decision on the following:
- Academic achievement in the program
- Demonstrated commitment to the profession as evidenced in course work, personal statement, curriculum vitae, and letters of recommendation
- Potential for success as evidenced in all application documents
- Indication of financial need
Rovelstad Scholarship Committee
Dr. Jane Zhang, Chair
Dr. Renate Chancellor
Dr. Deanna Marcum

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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Consider clay with the following properties:
c = 50 kPa (cohesion)
a = 25 kPa (adhesion)
t = 10 kPa (tensile strength)
1. Which soil mechanical parameters determine the clay cutting.
2. Write down the equations for the horizontal and vertical cutting forces in clay.
3. Determine the cutting forces on the blade (as described with sand cutting) for the flow type of cutting process (velocity effects can be neglected).
4. Determine the specific energy.


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And why is New Year's Day an official holiday in Massachusetts? Here's the Lowell connection from worcester.bettysgenealogy.org :
New Year's Day, however, was not an American holiday. It was for many years distinctively the French-Canadians' day. All the mills were open as usual but the French-Canadian help refused to work. This presented difficulties in maintaining operating crews and frequently resulted in trouble between management and employees. It was not until 1914 that New Year's Day became a legal holiday in Massachusetts. Urged by a demand made by French-Canadians throughout the state, Representative Henry Achin of Lowell obtained passage of the bill in that year. It was preceded by a hard fight having been before our state government for a number of years. Frank P. Allen (Ed. Note: A well known Franco-American resident of Fitchburg) was a member of the legislature in the year of its passage. So, when we celebrate New Year's Day, we should remember that our own Frank was instrumental in making the holiday possible.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Connecting to database servers
There are two ways to connect to your databases running in Maestro:
- Accessing the server directly via SSH and then logging in using terminal commands
- Using a desktop database client
(If you need help connecting your application code to your database via a connection string, consult our database management guide.
You can connect directly into your database server and invoke a database console from there. To do that, please refer to our SSH guide documentation.
With a client
To use a database client, you will first need to add a firewall rule to allow traffic from your desktop to your Maestro application. You can follow our guide on the subject.
Once the firewall is open you can use a database client from your local computer to access the public IP address of the server hosting the database. You can find that IP by:
- Visting your Dashboard
- Opening Application Overview for the app in question
- Clicking on the Servers tab at the top of the main panel


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This comprehensive inventory of essential skills initiatives aimed at First Nations, Inuit and Métis peoples was developed through a collaboration between the Canadian Career Development Foundation, Employment and Social Development Canada's Office of Literacy and Essential Skills, the Assembly of First Nations, the Métis National Council and the Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami.
The goal of the project is to gain a better understanding of the state of practice with respect to essential skills initiatives tailored to First Nations, Inuit and Métis youth and adults living in diverse communities throughout Canada and to share these insights and lessons learned with a larger community of practice. It also includes any identified factors, or markers of promising practice that contribute to an initiative's success.
In addition to the inventory, the website also includes case studies, a literature review, an evaluation toolkit and the list of markers – all to support and enhance practice in the field. Through the "Add to the Inventory" feature, the FIMESIP team invites program and resource developers to submit their essential skills initiatives so that the inventory can continue to grow.


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Resources: Week Two individual assignment, Quality Dimensions and Measures Table.
Research inpatient and ambulatory or ancillary health care organizations.
Inpatient health care organizations:
Ambulatory or ancillary health care organizations:
As a team, select one inpatient health care organization and one ambulatory or ancillary health care organization.
Create a 6-slide Microsoft® PowerPoint® presentation (the title and reference slides do not count towards the total slide count) with detailed speaker notes in which you compare each organization and their quality management performance as an organization.
Include the following in your presentation:
o Identify metrics used by each organization to measure each of the six dimensions of high quality discussed in the Week Two Quality Dimensions and Measures Table assignment.
o Describe similarities and differences between the metrics of each organization.
o How do these metrics help develop improvement capability for each organization?


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A British Explorer Spent 60 Days on the Streets and Decided He'll Never Give Handouts to the Homeless Again
Ed Stafford is a former captain of the British Army, an adventurer, and an explorer. For his new TV documentary project 60 Days on the Streets on Channel 4, he left his son, wife, and their cozy home for 2 months so that he could live the life of a homeless person for this period of time. He had to live without food, money, and shelter in the middle of winter. By doing this, he wanted to figure out why people end up on the streets and how they manage to get by.
At Bright Side, we found Stafford's experiment really interesting and would like to tell you about it in this article.
The problem of homelessness is not just relevant in developing countries. According to 2018 research, 320,000 people in Great Britain alone have no home, which is approximately one out of every 200 people. More than a half of these people live in London and many are ex-military.
Ed Stafford, who is currently 43 years old, decided to find out why these people end up on the streets. In order to do this, he lived on the streets of London, Manchester, and Glasgow for 60 days.
New extreme experience
Ed has done a lot of things in his life, he walked the entire length of the Amazon River (approximately 4,000 miles) and he appeared in the Guinness Book of World Records in 2012 for being the first man who had ever done a trip like that. When filming for a Discovery Channel project, Ed had to live on Orolua Island (an uninhabited Fijian island) without food, water, clothes, or tools for 60 days. Sometimes, his courage failed him and he was ready to cry over the smallest problem. But it was the life a homeless man that became the most nerve-racking and scary for him.
He gained 11 pounds.
The life of a homeless man was more profitable that Ed thought it would be. In just one night, he could make between £100-200, more than the average Londoner could make having a regular job.
There was no lack of food either: volunteers gave out free burgers and other fast food to the homeless, and the quantity of food was much more than people actually needed.
In Glasgow, for example, Ed counted 26 volunteers giving out food, while there were only 2 homeless men. One of the vagabonds even complained that he was overfed.
Despite his initial concerns that he would starve and lose weight, Ed put on 11 pounds over the course of the 60 day project. Tests later showed that he would get heart problems if he continued to eat like this.
However, Ed took a risk and tried eating out of a trash can. He found a pretty good salad in there once. Unfortunately, he couldn't properly enjoy this lunch because he found a piece of used chewing gum inside the food.
Also, Ed had to wash himself with the water from the toilet bowls sometimes. Being inside a toilet cubicle was the only way he could get fully undressed and clean his itchy body.
Some of them earn £100 — and then go home to take a hot shower.
Ed thought that no one in their right mind would decide to spend nights in the freezing cold, but in reality many homeless people preferred to streets to temporary shelters. One of the beggars could earn £20 in about 20 minutes by saying that he needed this money to pay for his shelter but then he would turn around and spend it all on drugs.
And to his surprise, Ed wasn't the only fake beggar. Some had homes of their own, but they still worked on streets to make easy money. They begged for money for a living, and then spent it all on drugs and alcohol. One of these fake beggars, Darren, said that he could earn up to £600 per night by asking for money from drunk pub-goers. But usually he went home to have dinner and take a hot shower after he had collected £100.
Another fake beggar received an apartment from the government after he had been released from prison. He was going to get a proper job in the beginning. But his potential employers offered him £8 an hour, which he found unacceptable. So, he chose an easier way to earn money for a living.
According to Ed, even the real homeless people didn't really need the money as much as they needed the psychological support to be able to adapt socially. He also said that despite the fact that he found some good friends on the streets of London, he would never give handouts to either the real beggars or the fake ones.
How do they end up on the streets?
Ed and his new friend Dina in her "beautiful boudoir" as she calls her shelter
Despite the difficulties of living on the streets, by the end of the experiment Ed began to enjoy his freedom in this new life that had no schedules or limitations. Still, he underlined that even those who had accepted their homeless life didn't really want to stay vagabonds forever.
Some of them had run away from their drug-addicted parents, or escaped violence in their families. In Manchester, Ed met Dina who was the mother of 6. She claimed that she used to be a model, who did campaigns for Debenhams and M&S. Her life went in the wrong direction when she was 13. Her parents got divorced and she stayed with her drug-addicted mother. When Dina was 15, she fell in love with a guy who became the father of her children. Currently, her children live their father while she has to live in a temporary shelter made of old tents and trolleys. Despite the fact that Dina is a drug-addict, she misses her children very much.
Dina was happy to invite Ed into her shelter and even shared her cookies with him.
Dina drying her socks on the wall of a police station
During the experiment, Ed encountered a lot of aggression and drug addiction, he witnessed a fight between 2 beggars for a better spot, and he was also threatened by the police to be arrested for begging. Once, his sleeping bag even got wet because someone peed on it and this wasn't even the worst case scenario, since the sleeping bags of some of the other homeless people were burned.
After a while, Ed returned to the spot where Dina's shelter was set up and it was gone, together with its owner.
Do we need to give handouts to homeless people? Who should take care of them, in your opinion? Maybe you've witnessed an interesting story yourself? Share it in the comments below.


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Comparing Opening Patterns of Chain vs Community Establishments During COVID-19
Social learning shows community establishments follow decisions that nearby chain establishments make
As places where people congregate, business firms have a decent amount of power and influence on how people interact during situations like the COVID-19 pandemic. Even under government regulations and health guidelines, these firms have considerable control over keeping their establishment open or closed.
In their recent paper, Mathijs de Vaan, Saqib Mumtaz, Abhishek Nagaraj, and Sameer B. Srivastava take this premise and examine the role social learning has on the decisions these establishments make. More specifically, they focus on how chain establishments' decisions to remain open or close impact community establishments (that are independently owned and operated) in the same industries.
Accurate, detailed SafeGraph point of interest (POI) data about chain and community establishments (by industry) enabled this study, as researchers could plot these locations and analyze mobility patterns. As you can see above, detailed POI data lets them map chain and community establishments, as well as distinguish between which ones were open and closed at different times.
A number of factors had to be considered during the course of their study, which are tracked in the table above. This includes whether the location was open or not and the key independent variable, the proportion of chain establishments that are open in the same zip code and industry as the focal community establishment. They also accounted for a lag in social learning, expecting these community establishments to be behind the chain counterparts in adopting policies.
Make sure you check out the full research paper:
Social Learning in the COVID-19 Pandemic: Community Establishments' Closure Decisions Follow Those of Nearby Chain Establishments
Mathijs de Vaan, Saqib Mumtaz, Abhishek Nagaraj, and Sameer B. Srivastava.
This research was made possible with Placekey's universal location identifier and SafeGraph's mobility datasets that allow you to analyze movement patterns. To learn what others using these solutions are doing, join the SafeGraph community!


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ATF Scenario Builder
ATF Power Toolkit
in Raging Tiger
What's new in The
Falklands War: 1982
What's new in The
Star and the Crescent
How to Edit a Hierarchy
A Hierarchy is an object that represents either a platoon or a
company. It contains units and hierarchies which represent the
hierarchy's subordinate units. In the ATF Scenario Builder
hierarchies are generated either manually or during the process of adding
a Unit Package. From the
Hierarchy Tree window, you can edit the appearance or attributes of a
hierarchy, no matter how it is created.
NOTE: In Armored Task Force, enemy platoons are
represented on the map and in windows as companies, and companies as
battalions. Besides this, in every respect, they behave just as
Open the Hierarchy Tree Window:
While hierarchies are visible on the map, they can only be edited from
the Hierarchy Tree window. While, in Armored Task Force,
there is only a friendly Hierarchy Tree window, in ATF Scenario
Builder, there are three Hierarchy Tree windows: Friendly, Enemy, and
1. Select 'Friendly' from the 'Hierarchy Tree' sub-menu of the
Edit a Hierarchy:
On the map, hierarchies are depicted by flags or NATO piece
markers. When you add a Unit Package, it may or may not have the
correct flag and, even if it does have the correct flag, it will almost
certainly not be labeled correctly. To fix the problem, you will
have to edit the appearance of the hierarchy.
To begin editing a hierarchy, right-click on it in the Hierarchy Tree
window, and select 'Edit'.
1. To change the attributes or appearance of a hierarchy, make
changes in the Hierarchy Platoon or Company Data dialog.
- Name. The screen name of the hierarchy, which appears both
in the Hierarchy Tree window and in the 'tooltip' labels on the map.
- Max Units. The maximum number of directly subordinate units
or hierarchies under this hierarchy (both units and platoon
hierarchies, but not subordinate platoon's units).
- Spacing. The distance between units in the hierarchy while
in formation (in tens of meters).
- Command Radius. Not currently implemented.
- Command and Control, BOS Flags. These flags are combined
to determine what kinds of formations and Missions are available to
- NATO Piece. The NATO symbol that represents the hierarchy,
both in the Hierarchy Tree and on the map.
- Graphic Piece. The 'Flag' that represents the hierarchy on
the map when vehicles are visible.
- Graphic Label Piece. The number or letter that is displayed
on the flag.
- Destroyed NATO and Graphic Piece. Not implemented.
- Locked? If this box is checked, hierarchies and units can
not be added to or removed from the hierarchy.
2. To change the flag, click on the 'Graphic Piece' button and
select a piece of the type '..._flag'.
3. To change the letter or number on the flag, select 'Graphic
4.... And select a piece with a name of the form '..._label'.
5. When you click 'OK' to close the Hierarchy Platoon Data
dialog, the graphic representation of the hierarchy will be altered on
Task Organize Hierarchies:
Just as in Armored Task Force, platoons and units can be moved
from one hierarchy to another.
1. Click on the hierarchy and, while holding down the left-mouse
2.... drag the hierarchy to the new hierarchy and 'drop' it by
releasing the left mouse button.
Edit a Unit in the Hierarchy Tree:
Units are also represented in the Hierarchy Tree window. Their
attributes effect not only how they are depicted in the Hierarchy Tree,
but also how they are depicted on the map when NATO icons are
selected. These attributes also effect the unit's ability to lead
1. Right-click on a unit in the Hierarchy Tree and select 'Edit'.
2. Now you can alter the attributes of the unit.
- Name. The name of the unit. This will supersede any
name set for the unit on the map.
- Rank. If the unit also has 'Platoon Leader Capable' or
'Company Commander Capable' set, this number sets the order of
precedence in which this unit will assume command of the hierarchy
of which it is a part. For instance, a unit with a Rank of 1
will assume command before a unit with a Rank of 2. A zero or
negative Rank will override the leader settings and prevent this
unit from assuming command.
- Platoon Leader Capable, Company Commander Capable. If one of
these is checked, and the unit has a positive Rank, the unit will
assume command of the hierarachy of which it is a direct member,
unless a unit with a lower Rank is present. Obviously 'Platoon
Leaders' can only lead platoons and 'Company Commanders' can only
- NATO Piece. The NATO icon which represents the unit both on
the map and in the Hierarchy Tree. This setting will override
settings for the vehicle type of the unit.
- Graphic Piece, Destroyed NATO Piece, Destroyed Graphic
Piece. Not implemented.
- Locked? If checked, the unit can not be moved from its
current hierarchy to another hierarchy or out of all hierarchies.
Next step : Copy Units


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Map of Comoros Islands
You can easily create a map of Comoros islands using Mapline. The islands of Comoros are volcanic islands located off the south-east coast of Africa. Their neighboring countries are Mozambique and Madagascar. These islands cover a total area of 2,361 km².
Using Mapline, you can easily create a map of Comoros islands. The islands consist of Grande Comore, which is the largest and the main island; Anjouan and Mohéli, which are part of the Union of the Comoros;
Grande-Terre, which is part of Mayotte French overseas department; Petite-Terre, which is the 2nd largest island in Mayotte; and The Glorioso Islands, which comprises the Grande Glorieuse, Île du Lys and 8 other small rock islets.
Steps to Create a Map of Comoros Islands
- Create a Mapline account and login.
- Click the orange "New" button.
- Select "New Map" on the drop down arrow.
- Give your map a name and click "OK."
- Click the "Add" button from the left sidebar.
- Select the "Boundaries" option.
- From the "Boundary Type," select "Comoros Islands."
- Select how you want your boundaries to be colored in "Fill Color" (Random Colors, Uniform Colors, Heatmap on pins inside boundaries, or Paste colors from a spreadsheet).
- Click "OK."
That's how easy it is to create a map of Comoros islands! Once you have your map, you can create a map of Excel spreadsheet locations to overlay on top. Mapline also makes it simple to see summary information about the locations inside each department just by clicking on them! Sign up now to create a map of Comoros islands.


text: We observed Episodically Active Asteroid (6478) Gault in 2020 with multiple telescopes in Asia and North America and have found that it is no longer active after its recent outbursts at the end of 2018 and start of 2019. The inactivity during this apparition allowed us to measure the absolute magnitude of Gault of Hr = 14.63±0.02, Gr = 0.21±0.02 from our secular phasecurve observations. In addition, we were able to constrain Gault's rotation period using time-series photometric lightcurves taken over 17 h on multiple days in 2020 August, September and October. The photometric lightcurves have a repeating .0.05 magnitude feature suggesting that (6478) Gault has a rotation period of ∼2.5 hours and may have a semi-spherical or top-like shape, much like Near-Earth Asteroids Ryugu and Bennu. The rotation period of ∼2.5 hours is near to the expected critical rotation period for an asteroid with the physical properties of (6478) Gault suggesting that its activity observed over multiple epochs is due to surface mass shedding from its fast rotation spun up by the Yarkovsky-O'Keefe-Radzievskii-Paddack effect.


Rails and Sidekiq logs contain fields starting with meta. with this context information.
Entry points can be seen at:
Adding attributes
When adding new attributes, make sure they're exposed within the context of the entry points above and:
 - Pass them within the hash to the with_context (or push) method (make sure to pass a Proc if the method or variable shouldn't be evaluated right away)
 - Change Gitlab::ApplicationContext to accept these new values
 - Make sure the new attributes are accepted at Labkit::Context
See our HOWTO: Use Sidekiq metadata logs for further knowledge on creating visualizations in Kibana.
The fields of the context are currently only logged for Sidekiq jobs triggered through web requests. See the follow-up work for more information.
Logging context metadata (through workers)
Additional metadata can be attached to a worker through the use of the ApplicationWorker#log_extra_metadata_on_done method. Using this method adds metadata that is later logged to Kibana with the done job payload.
class MyExampleWorker
 include ApplicationWorker
 def perform(*args)
 # Worker performs work
 #...
 # The contents of value will appear in Kibana under 'json.extra.my_example_worker.my_key'
 log_extra_metadata_on_done(:my_key, value)
Please see this example which logs a count of how many artifacts are destroyed per run of the ExpireArtifactsWorker.
Exception Handling
It often happens that you catch the exception and want to track it.
It should be noted that manual logging of exceptions is not allowed, as:
 1. Manual logged exceptions can leak confidential data,
 2. Manual logged exception very often require to clean backtrace which reduces the boilerplate,
 3. Very often manually logged exception needs to be tracked to Sentry as well,
 4. Manually logged exceptions does not use correlation_id, which makes hard to pin them to request, user and context in which this exception was raised,
 5. Manually logged exceptions often end up across multiple files, which increases burden scraping all logging files.
To avoid duplicating and having consistent behavior the Gitlab::ErrorTracking provides helper methods to track exceptions:
 1. Gitlab::ErrorTracking.track_and_raise_exception: this method logs, sends exception to Sentry (if configured) and re-raises the exception,
 2. Gitlab::ErrorTracking.track_exception: this method only logs and sends exception to Sentry (if configured),
 3. Gitlab::ErrorTracking.log_exception: this method only logs the exception, and DOES NOT send the exception to Sentry,
 4. Gitlab::ErrorTracking.track_and_raise_for_dev_exception: this method logs, sends exception to Sentry (if configured) and re-raises the exception for development and test environments.
It is advised to only use Gitlab::ErrorTracking.track_and_raise_exception and Gitlab::ErrorTracking.track_exception as presented on below examples.
Consider adding additional extra parameters to provide more context for each tracked exception.
class MyService < ::BaseService
 def execute
 rescue => e
 Gitlab::ErrorTracking.track_exception(e, project_id:
 error('Exception occurred')
class MyService < ::BaseService
 def execute
 rescue => e
 Gitlab::ErrorTracking.track_and_raise_exception(e, project_id:
Additional steps with new log files
 1. Consider log retention settings. By default, Omnibus rotates any logs in /var/log/gitlab/gitlab-rails/*.log every hour and keep at most 30 compressed files. On, that setting is only 6 compressed files. These settings should suffice for most users, but you may need to tweak them in Omnibus GitLab.
 2. If you add a new file, submit an issue to the production tracker or a merge request to the gitlab_fluentd project. See this example.
 3. Be sure to update the GitLab CE/EE documentation and the runbooks.


text: This work presents the synthesis of corrosion inhibitor [1H-benzotriazole (BTA)]-loaded hollow silica nanocapsules with magnesium hydroxide precipitate in the shells (HSNs-M/BTA) through inverse microemulsion (W/O) polymerization. TEM and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) measurements indicate that the silica nanocapsules possess voids in the inner part and mesoporous on the surface. The actual loading capacity of BTA is 287.17 mg (BTA)/1 g (HSNs-M/BTA). The results of UV absorption spectra show that the release of BTA can be triggered by the changing of pH in the corrosion solution. The anticorrosive SiOx/ZrOx coatings embedded with hydrophobically modified HSNs-M have a better waterproof performance since the water contact angle can reach 140°. In comparison to the passive SiOx/ZrOx coatings with or without BTA, the enhanced corrosion protection performance of this developed anticorrosive system was observed by both electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and Tafel analysis. The fabrication of nanocapsules with corrosion inhibitors is promising as an intelligent element in protective coatings in the future.


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An analysis of Growing Forest Partnerships in Guatemala
This report provides an overview and analysis of the background, context and development of the Growing Forest Partnerships initiative in Guatemala.
A GFP country since 2009, Guatemala's efforts have focused on building forest community partnerships, strengthening the capacity of forest communities and improving finance instruments to benefit smallholder and forest communities, all through the development of strong partnerships. At the start of the GFP programme in Guatemala, four thematic areas were identified as core areas to which GFP activities should respond in order to generate positive economic, social and environmental impacts in the country. These areas have served to guide the evolution of GFP in Guatemala and include governance, financing instruments, institutional strengthening and capacity development.


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The challenge is to predict the centers (x and y coordinates) of the dark matter halos in the test set of 120 skies.
We have provided DarkWorldsMetric.py that you can use to calculate the metric of your estimates to the training data. All you need are the python packages numpy, math, csv, c, getopt, sys and argparse and to run it type
and it shold output the metric. Here is how it works...
In order to test your algorithm for Accuracy and Precision there will be two parts to the metric. The first part will be how close you get to the true position of the halo, and the second will be to make sure there is no preferred direction to your estimates (positional bias).
Where F will be the average radial distance from the user estimate to the true position of the halo. In the case of more than one halo we will match up your estimates to the true estimates in the configuration that gives the best average radial distance
in that particular sky so you will get the best score possible.
G is calculated by firstly finding the angle of the predicted position with respect to the centre of the true halo position, where the angle is measured from the estimated position to the line connecting the true halo position and a given reference point
as shown in the figure. Then each angle is converted into a vector and then the average vector is calculated. If the algorithm has no preferred direction this average vector should be 0. We calculate the vector using the following equation.


Best Practices for Using and Maintaining an Orbital Shaker
By Aimee O'Driscoll, 13 June 2018
Using your orbital shaker correctly will ensure you get the best results for your application. What's more, taking care of your machine will help keep it running efficiently and extend its lifespan.
In this post, we reveal best practices for using and maintaining orbital shakers. While the manufacturer's recommendations should always take precedence, the pointers below can serve as general guidelines for most machines.
Using an Orbital Shaker
Whether you're a first-time user or have some experience with orbital shakers, here are some of the main things to think about during setup and use.
Ensure the Shaker is Properly Supported
When in use, orbital shakers can vibrate significantly. Use on an uneven surface could cause damage, especially for heavier machines. You can use a level and adjust the feet accordingly to ensure that the shaker is seated evenly.
Consider Location Carefully
Squeezing a benchtop or floor model shaker into a tight spot isn't a good idea, as you need enough space to ensure good ventilation. You also don't want to place it where it will be exposed to direct sunlight as this can affect temperature controls. This is especially bad for a refrigerated model. Also consider other machines in the vicinity that could be giving off heat.
Load Samples With Care
It may not seem as though it matters that much how you load your samples, but it can actually prolong the working life of the clamps if you use a little care. Simply forcing the sample into the clamp will lower the lifespan of the clamp itself. Plus it risks breaking the vessel. Instead, gently pull the clamp out enough for the vessel to easily be inserted.
Even the Load
Similar to use on an uneven surface, an uneven load can cause the orbital shaker to vibrate. The added vibration could make for increased agitation of the contents which might adversely affect the outcome of the application. An uneven load could also cause asymmetrical wear to the machine and irregular shaking. You don't have to balance an orbital shaker like you might a centrifuge, but keeping the weight distribution in mind is always a good idea.
Build Up the Speed Slowly
Even if you know the exact agitation speed you want to use, it's prudent to start slow and build up. Quickly increasing the speed can result in liquids sloshing instead of achieving the desired swirling motion. This is especially important if dealing with fragile cells, in particular those without a cell wall. Some models, such as the one below, come with a "smooth acceleration" feature which does the job of ramping up the speed gradually for you.
An example of an orbital shaker.
Many Jeio Tech shakers come with smooth acceleration and deceleration.
Keep the Volume Low
While some applications allow for a larger fill volume, in general, a low fill level (around 10-25% of the volume of the flask) allows for optimal mixing. A low volume means a greater relative surface area, maximizing the amount of aeration. Plus, a lower filling volume means you minimize the risk of spillage.
Limit Unnecessary Door Openings
If you're using an incubated or refrigerated shaker, opening the door unnecessarily with have a negative impact on the performance of the machine. Door openings will introduce ambient air and the incubation or refrigeration system will have to work harder to maintain temperature. What's more, the fluctuation in temperature caused, even if brief, could impact the results of your application, especially with samples that are particularly sensitive to temperature.
Don't Overload the Machine
Overloading your orbital shaker can cause damage in the short term or additional wear over time. Manufacturer specifications will tell you the weight limit (maximum capacity) for the machine. This includes the weight of the platforms, clamps, and screws, as well as the samples. Some shakers come with an overload protection shut-off, but this should be considered more of a 'just-in-case' feature. You shouldn't rely on the overload protection shut-off to tell you that you're putting too much weight on your shaker.
Manufacturer specifications.
Manufacturer specifications for the Benchmark Scientific Orbi-Shaker™ JR.
Maintaining an Orbital Shaker
Aside from taking care to use your orbital shaker correctly, you also need to think about maintenance of the equipment. Taking care of your machine will keep it in good working order and prolong its lifespan.
Clean Up Spills
Spills will inevitably occur with orbital shaker usage, but it's important not to let liquids get into the mechanisms. Spills can be cleaned as directed by the manufacturer, but 70% ethanol is usually a safe bet. Even if you don't tend to spill, dirt and grime can build up on shakers, so it's good idea to clean and disinfect them regularly. If you can remove the platform, you should do so while cleaning to get to any spills, dirt, or debris underneath. Just make sure it's thoroughly dry before replacing.
Inspect the Belt and Fan
Many shakers operate using a belt-based system. The belt should be inspected periodically for wear and tear. If needed, replacement parts can be ordered from the manufacturer. Similarly, if you shaker has a circulating fan, its operation should be checked regularly too.
Perform Speed Checks
It's easy to assume that if a machine switches on, then it's working correctly. Machines are usually calibrated upon purchase and during servicing, but may need to be checked in between. If the speed isn't accurate, this can obviously throw off the results of your application. You can test the speed accuracy using a calibrated sensor. You might also want to check the accuracy of the temperature (if your shaker is incubated) and the time, and test the alarms too.
Check the Air Filter and Condenser Coil on Refrigerated Models
Many refrigerated shakers have an air filter. This can become a trap for dust and dirt so should be checked regularly, at least every few months. Similarly, in refrigerated shakers, the condenser coil can become covered with dust and dirt from the environment. This will insulate the condenser making heat removal less efficient. You can usually clean the air filter and condenser coils with soap and water and dry thoroughly, unless the manufacturer guide advises differently.
Orbital shakers don't generally require a lot of upkeep. However, if you want to ensure your machine is running as efficiently and for as long as possible, it's worth following the tips above.


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- What does the word grocery mean?
- Is toothpaste a household item?
- Is Walmart considered a grocery store?
- What is the difference between grocery and groceries?
- Is toilet paper considered grocery?
- How much should I spend on food a year?
- What is toilet paper considered?
- What does grocery shopping mean?
- What do we call Kirana in English?
- What's another word for groceries?
- What are common grocery items?
- Is Walmart a grocery store?
- What is a Kirana?
- What is a full service grocery store?
What does the word grocery mean?
1 groceries plural : food and household supplies sold at a store.
2 : a store that sells food and household supplies..
Is toothpaste a household item?
Toothpaste, Floss, and Brushes… Instead of running to the drugstore every time you need to replace your toothpaste or toothbrush, consider stocking up. While you'll be spending more upfront, these items are a staple of everyday life and will work out to be much cheaper in the long run.
Is Walmart considered a grocery store?
Retailers that typically do not code as groceries Walmart (A notable exception is Walmart Neighborhood Markets, which typically do code as groceries.) Costco (A notable exception is Bank of America cards.)
What is the difference between grocery and groceries?
When used as nouns, groceries means the commodities sold by a grocer or in a grocery store, whereas grocery means retail foodstuffs and other household supplies. Grocery is also verb with the meaning: to go grocery shopping.
Is toilet paper considered grocery?
Technically, household supplies like toilet paper shouldn't be under "Groceries" which is under "Food and Dining", but it's a big hassle to go over receipts and separate my store purchases into these two categories.
How much should I spend on food a year?
That's roughly $2,641 annually per person (based on the average 2.5 people in each household). The average cost of food per month for the typical American household is about $550. We'll show first the breakdown of the budget for food prepared or consumed at home, and then the total overall food budget.
What is toilet paper considered?
Toilet paper (sometimes called toilet roll, toilet tissue or loo roll in Britain) is a tissue paper product primarily used to clean the anus and surrounding area of feces after defecation and to clean the perineal area of urine after urination or other bodily fluid releases.
What does grocery shopping mean?
do (one's) grocery shopping idiom. : to shop for groceries.
What do we call Kirana in English?
kirana in British English (kɪˈrɑːnə ) (in India) a small, usually family-owned shop selling groceries and other sundries. Collins English Dictionary. Copyright © HarperCollins Publishers. Word origin.
What's another word for groceries?
In this page you can discover 21 synonyms, antonyms, idiomatic expressions, and related words for groceries, like: frozen foods, edibles, desiccated foods, comestibles, foodstuffs, green groceries, fruits, markets, vegetables, food and produce.
What are common grocery items?
The Most Common Grocery List Items in AmericaSoda. Believe it or not, soda tops almost every "most commonly purchased grocery store items" list out there. … Beer. Lots of Americans shop for beer. … Cereal. Americans consume a lot of cereal. … Frozen dinners. Households apparently appreciate the convenience of frozen dinners. … Salty snacks. … Milk. … Bread.
Is Walmart a grocery store?
Walmart Inc. ( /ˈwɔːlmɑːrt/; formerly Wal-Mart Stores, Inc.) is an American multinational retail corporation that operates a chain of hypermarkets, discount department stores, and grocery stores, headquartered in Bentonville, Arkansas. The company was founded by Sam Walton in 1962 and incorporated on October 31, 1969.
What is a Kirana?
noun. (in India) a small, usually family-owned shop selling groceries and other sundries.
What is a full service grocery store?
ABRA issues licenses to full-service grocery stores, which are defined as: Self-service retail establishments; Independently owned or part of a corporate chain; and. Licensed as a grocery store.


Empire Waists, Bustles and Lace is an exciting exhibition of the Museum's collection of historic dresses. When viewed in conjunction with the John Singer Sargent exhibition, the show enables visitors to see and experience a broader historical context of men's and women's fashion. Even though upstate New York was considered the edge of the western frontier in the 19th century, residents of the area kept up with New York City and the world in terms of fashion. The exhibition includes the oldest known example of a dress with a label, stunning examples of Empire, Romantic and Civil War era dresses and turn-of-the-20th century (Sargent era) items. Additionally, visitors will be able to peek at what was worn underneath the dresses which were vital to giving them their distinctive shapes.
Supported in part by The Coby Foundation.


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How to Add Keyboard Controls to Your Flappy Bat Game
Your Flappy Bat game project might seem just like a simple animation, but these next steps will transform your static project into an interactive game. Start by allowing the player to control the bat. Like that other flappy game, you will tap one key to make the bat move up a bit; use the spacebar because it is the largest key and can easily be tapped by righties or lefties.
Click the Player sprite and then click the Scripts tab.
Drag the following new blocks to the right of the other blocks already in the Scripts Area:
Click the Green Flag button to test your code.
Each time you tap the spacebar, the bat should move a bit higher, so the CHANGE Y block must have something to do with vertical movement. In Scratch, the vertical position of a sprite is represented by the Y value and the horizontal position is represented by the X value.
See how the shape of the WHEN KEY PRESSED block is the same as the WHEN GREEN FLAG CLICKED block? Each hat-shaped block represents an action, such as clicking the Green Flag button or pressing the spacebar. When the action occurs, the code snapped beneath its related hat-shaped block runs. If you want to use a different key to control the flapping, click Spacebar and drag down to a new keyboard key inside WHEN KEY PRESSED.


text: Efficient high speed propulsion requires exploiting the cooling capability of the cryogenic fuel in the propulsion cycle. This paper presents the numerical model of a combined cycle engine while in air turbo-rocket configuration. Specific models of the various heat exchanger modules and the turbomachinery elements were developed to represent the physical behavior at off-design operation. The dynamic nature of the model allows the introduction of the engine control logic that limits the operation of certain subcomponents and extends the overall engine operational envelope. The specific impulse and uninstalled thrust are detailed while flying a determined trajectory between Mach 2.5 and 5 for varying throttling levels throughout the operational envelope.


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- Volume 16 Issue 1
This paper studies the effect of vibration characteristics of tube line conveying fluid with the power steering system of bus. We modelled fluid-filled tube line using I-DEAS software to investigate vibration characteristics of the power steering tube line. And we obtained the natural frequency of tube line through finite element analysis. Analytic solutions were compared with experimental solutions to verify finite element model. We tested the tube line to examine an effect of pressure pulse by vane pump and variation of geometry of tube. From both the experimental results and the modeling results for vibration characteristics of the tube line conveying fluid, we confirmed that vibration characteristics induced by pulse propagated along the power steering tube line and resonance occurred around the natural frequency with pulse excitation.


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Status change means Dutch Antilles no longer exists
The Dutch Caribbean dependency the Netherlands Antilles has ceased to exist with a change of the five islands' constitutional status.
Curacao and St Maarten have become autonomous countries within the Kingdom of the Netherlands, joining Aruba, which gained the status in 1986.
Bonaire, St Eustatius and Saba are now autonomous special municipalities of the kingdom.
The Netherlands retains responsibility for defence and foreign policy.
The Dutch government will also have initial oversight over Curacao's finances under a debt-relief arrangement.
Collectively, the islands had amassed a debt of around 2bn euros (£1.75bn; $2.8bn), most of it owed to the Netherlands.
The smaller islands of St Maarten, Bonaire, St Eustatius and Saba said the debt was mostly run up by Curacao, the largest island and de facto capital of the former Netherlands Antilles.
Curacao complained that it was carrying too much of the financial burden for the federation, especially for Saba, St Eustatius and Bonaire.
Tourism, petroleum refining and offshore finance are the mainstays of the islands' economies.
The Dutch colonised the islands, alongside Aruba, in the 17th Century. The territory, once called the Dutch West Indies, became the semi-autonomous Netherlands Antilles in 1954.
The new status, which came into effect on Sunday, followed referendums over the past few years in which Curacao, St Maarten, Bonaire and Saba opted to leave the federation while St Eustatius supported the status quo.
None of the islands voted for independence.


What's the Difference Between Active Dry Yeast and Instant Yeast?
What's the Difference Between Active Dry Yeast and Instant Yeast?
Emma Christensen
Oct 16, 2015
(Image credit: Kelli Foster)
Is it just me or do all these kinds of yeast sound suspiciously similar? I've been baking and buying yeast for years, and sometimes the yeast choices in the baking aisle still get me confused!
Here's the thing: Yes, there is a difference between all these varieties. And yes, which one you use does make a difference in your recipe.
The Difference Between Active Dry Yeast & Instant Yeast
The difference between these types of dry yeast is simple: active dry yeast has a larger granule and needs to be dissolved in water before using, while instant yeast has a more fine texture and can be mixed right into dry ingredients.
(Image credit: Kelli Foster)
More About Active Dry Yeast
This is probably what comes to mind when you think of yeast. It's a type of dry yeast that's granular, with a consistency similar to cornmeal. It's a living organism that's dormant until proofed, or dissolved in a small amount of lukewarm warm water (about 110°F). It's then added to the rest of the ingredients, where it will cause dough to rise.
Active dry yeast is typically sold in individual packets (pictured here) or small jars.
(Image credit: Kelli Foster)
More About Instant Yeast
Instant yeast is another type of dry yeast that was introduced after active dry yeast in the 1970s. It is made using a similar process as active dry yeast, although is dried more quickly. As you can see, this yeast is also milled into finer particles. Because of this, it dissolves faster and activates quickly. But unlike active dry yeast, instant yeast doesn't have to be proofed first; it can be mixed straight into the dry ingredients with the same result.
This yeast also gives you two separate rises and it can be used interchangeably with active dry yeast.
More About Rapid-Rise Yeast
Instant yeast may also be marketed and sold as rapidor quick-rise yeast. This yeast has also been milled into smaller particles so it doesn't need to be dissolved into water. In addition, enzymes and other additives are included to make the dough rise faster. With this yeast, you can skip the first rise of the dough and shape the loaves right after kneading.
(Image credit: Kelli Foster)
Which Type Should I Use?
This part is really up to you. While each type of yeast reacts differently and produces baked goods with slight variations, there's no one right answer.
I recommend picking one kind of yeast, becoming familiar with it, and using it in everything unless the recipe gives a specific reason to do otherwise.
This past has been updated — first published June 2008.
Created with Sketch.


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Database of Lithuanian Nominal Phrases Dictionary is the first corpus-based dictionary of Lithuanian multi-word units.
The lexicon reflects a big variety of multi-word units: collocations, phrasal combinations, longer pieces of text (sometimes even several sentences). The identification of the nominal phrases is based on gravity counts in the 100m words Contemporary Corpus of Lithuanian Languages. The corpus reflects the written Lithuanian in the period of _PHONE_. The list of automatically identified MWU's was edited by linguists, only leaving meaningful and grammatically correct phrases that include at least one noun. The dictionary comprises almost 69 thousand nominal phrases.


I've read article about WorkManager _URL_ and I have the question. In order to use Workmanager, I vae to create that object using admin console and during creating workmanager I can set some properties like thread priority or pool size. In that article we can see java example:
InitialContext ctx = new InitialContext();
WorkManager wm = (WorkManager)ctx.lookup("java:comp/env/wm/default");
ThreadFactory tf = new WASThreadFactory(wm);
BlockingQueue q = new ArrayBlockingQueue(10);
ThreadPoolExecutor pool = new ThreadPoolExecutor(
1, 10, 5000, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS, q, tf);
My question is, what happen after putting new values to ThreadPoolExecutor constructor? Is it possible to overwrite WorkManager properties defined in Websphere by that code? What is dependence between values passed to constructor and values defined for Workmanager in websphere using admin console?


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Parachute nightdress among recycled items on display at Devon fashion exhibition
By Steven Morris,
Some of the garments in the exhibition are made of elegant silk, others of rough-looking wool or scratchy nylon – but what they all have in common is that they have been repaired, remodelled and reused, sometimes over the course of centuries.
There is a long-sleeved waistcoat made in the late 17 t th century and then adapted and preserved over 300 years, wedding dresses handed down from mothers to daughters and brought up to date with clever tweaks, even clothes that were created during the second world war out of parachutes and old army blankets when fabric was rationed.
The garments are part of the Thirsty for Fashion exhibition opening at the National Trust's Killerton House in Devon . The aim is to make people think about how they buy and look after clothing in this fast-fashion, throwaway world.
"Recycling and reusing clothing has been commonplace throughout history," said Shelley Tobin, the costume curator at Killerton. "This exhibition asks the question: can we learn lessons from these past practices and reapply forgotten skills to look after our clothes and make them more sustainable?
"The items exhibited show that we only need look to history to discover ways to ensure that the clothing we buy, make and wear is durable, ethical and avoids waste."
In contrast, the highlight of the first room is a sleeved waistcoat made of silk in about 1690. It was handed down through the generations and at one point the horizontal pocket flaps were replaced with more fashionable vertical ones. In the early 20th century it was turned into a fancy dress costume and in the 1980s someone conserved it by relining it.
Tobin said some modern makers were reusing clothes and fabric. So in the same cabinet as the waistcoat is a much more modern piece, a suit made in 2022 out of old denim jeans by the London fashion company ELV Denim .
Another highlight is a "transformation dress" made in 1870 and consisting of a billowing skirt that could be matched with a modest long-sleeved, high-cut bodice for the day or a more risque one for the evening. "It was made of expensive material so they wanted to get the most use out of it possible," said Tobin.
One feature of the exhibition is the testimony of friends and volunteers of Killerton – home to the National Trust's biggest fashion collection with more than 20,000 items of historical clothing and accessories – about their favourite vintage pieces.
Charlotte Eddington, for example, describes her beloved 1970s woollen Guernsey jumper that she persuaded her dad to hand down to her when it became too tight for him. It reminds her of camping and fishing in Northumberland as a child.
Sarah Parry, a gardener, tells how she wore her mother's 1985 wedding dress when she got married last year. "It's so floaty and frothy and ethereal," she said. Parry added a green waistband give it a modern twist. "It was so fulfilling to give the dress a second life."
A striking set of clothes on display was made during and after the second world war when fabric was rationed and the government launched the "make do and mend" campaign. "It was very difficult to get hold of most fabric," said Tobin. "If you could come by, for example, a parachute you could use it."
The show includes a nightdress made in about 1943 from a nylon parachute – but Tobin's favourite piece is a dressing gown made in the late 1940s by an Exeter woman out of surplus army blankets livened up with a beautiful green trim and belt.
"I think it's ingenious that she made it into this very elegant and durable dressing gown," said Tobin. "We hope the exhibition will lead to discussions about whether we can learn from past practices and reapply forgotten skills to look after our clothes, and how can fashion respond to the changing climate, environmental concerns and the cost of living crisis."
The exhibition runs from 11 February to 5 November 2023.
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text: An experimental and theoretical investigation of the flow at the outlet of a Francis turbine runner is carried out in order to elucidate the causes of a sudden drop in the draft tube pressure recovery coefficient at a discharge near the best efficiency operating point. Laser Doppler anemometry velocity measurements were performed for both axial and circumferential velocity components at the runner outlet. A suitable analytical representation of the swirling flow has been developed taking the discharge coefficient as independent variable. It is found that the investigated mean swirling flow can be accurately represented as a superposition of three distinct vortices. An eigenvalue analysis of the linearized equation for steady, axisymmetric, and inviscid swirling flow reveals that the swirl reaches a critical state precisely (within 1.3%) at the discharge where the sudden variation in draft tube pressure recovery is observed. This is very useful for turbine design and optimization, where a suitable runner geometry should avoid such critical swirl configuration within the normal operating range.


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Texas is apparently a notorious spot for seekers of buried treasure.
It's often rumored that across the Lone Star State, around $340 million is buried, just waiting for a few lucky individuals to strike paydirt.
Some of those riches are rumored to lay in South Padre Island, having been buried in the late 19th century by a man named John Singer.
Singer and his family arrived at the island in 1847, looking to create a better life, and that they did. Their shipping business, as South Padre Island was a major port, grew immensely, and Singer was able to accumulate around $80,000, which at that time was an incredible amount of money.
To keep it safe, he buried the money, along with some silver bars and Spanish coins, in a large sand dune, which he aptly called "Money Hill."
As Union sympathizers, they were forced off the island during the Civil War. When Singer returned to try and find his riches, he never could.
They are rumored to remain buried somewhere on South Padre Island, now valued to be around $3 million!
According to Lone Star Treasure, Singer eventually passed away, in poverty, in Mississippi in 1877.
So if traveling abroad is too expensive this summer, why not a staycation to South Padre Island? It could be VERY worth your while!


Hold hands
Navigation General / Other Used to request that two divers hold hands. Often used with pointing to indicate the divers you arereferring to.
1 hand signal for hold hands
 - You are editing:
 Region: Everywhere Add a region
 Description: Clasp your two hand together.
 Is something missing or incorrect about this hand signal?
 - Do you know a different hand signal for this phrase?
 Upload it to the database.


text:
Battle of Harlaw
24th July 1411
In origin the battle of Harlaw was a feudal dispute, but it must be viewed in the context of growing late medieval conflict between Highland and Lowland. The situation was also complicated by the fact that King James I was imprisoned in England and thus royal authority was weak. Donald, Lord of the Isles, having fought for control of Ross, now planned to strike south east into Moray, towards Aberdeen. But there was substantial warning of the impending campaign and so defensive preparations were put in hand by the Earl of Mar in the spring and early summer of 1411.
As soon as he was aware of the approach of the Highland forces, Mar marshalled his troops at Inverurie. The Highland forces camped on the night of the 23rd July on high ground near Harlaw. On the morning of the 24th the Earl of Mar marched out of Inverurie to engage the Highland army.
It appears to have been an intense and close run fight but the sources provide little detail and there is even conflict over the outcome, with both sides claiming victory. What is clear is that Aberdeen was successfully defended and the Highland forces departed without causing significant destruction in the region.
A REPORT ON THE BATTLE, PREPARED FOR HISTORIC SCOTLAND BY THE BATTLEFIELDS TRUST, IS AVAILABLE FROM THE DOWNLOAD AREA ON THE LEFT


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Updating of the HEC-HMS model of the Duero River Basin Demarcation
End client: Duero Hydrographic Confederation (Ministry for Ecological Transition and Demographic Challenge)
INDEPRO Engineering Consultants is carrying out the update of the hydro-meteorological model HEC-HMS of the Duero Hydrographic Demarcation.
Description of the Works:
The main objectives of this upgrade are:
- New study sections were added to the model to improve knowledge of the hydro-meteorological conditions of the Duero River Basin.
- Precipitation data update for the year 2021.
The different stages into which the hydro-meteorological model updating has been divided are:
- Study of the basin according to geospatial information.
- Analysis and update of precipitation data through the year 2021.
- Preparation of the hydro-meteorological model of the basin, in natural and altered regimes.
- Obtaining the maximum volume of water flow corresponding to different return periods.


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William Hickling Prescott House, 1808
55 Beacon Street
Boston, MA 02108
Due to health and safety concerns about COVID-19, we have regretfully decided to remain closed this season.
Phone: _PHONE_
Fax: _PHONE_
AboutThis house was designed by Asher Benjamin, a well-known architect of the early republic, and built for James Colburn in 1808. After several owners, one of which was the author William Hickling Prescott, the Massachusetts Society purchased it in 1944 as their headquarters. Upstairs the museum floor contains Prescott's study, looking much as it did when he used it every day, and a Federal period bedroom.
National Historic Landmark


not understand the difference between holding and resisting. The best thing to do is stop and make sure the client is at ease, and explain the process, the work being done, the reason for using muscle testing, etc. Answer any questions the client might have, and make sure the environment is comfortable to the client. Take some time to teach the client the difference between holding and pushing back.
b. An Always Weak Muscle
This is obviously the opposite case of the problem above. In this case, the muscle will always test weak. The client might not know how strong to hold the muscle, they might not want to do the work, or might be too tired. Stop the work, and try to explain the session and purpose of muscle testing to the client, the need to have their collaboration. Try to understand the reason behind the weakness. Maybe the practitioner will want to change muscles, or, if the client it too tired, stop the session and postpone it for a different day.
c. A Stubborn Muscle
A stubborn muscle is one where one of the previous two problems have been dealt with, but the muscle keeps going back to the always weak or strong situation. The practitioner needs to train the muscle, and make sure he/she is still in balance. The client might need to be explained further and practice of yes and no feeling might have to continue for a while until the client feels what is expected.


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The education system
Education in Catalonia and Spain is compulsory for children aged 6 to 16. A child's school year is determined by their year of birth.
The education system in Catalonia is divided into stages and cycles:
- Pre-school education
- First cycle (0 to 3 years)
- Second cycle (3 to 6 years)
- Primary education (6 to 12 years, compulsory): with six school years divided into three two-course cycles:
- Initial cycle
- Intermediate cycle
- Upper cycle
- Compulsory secondary education (ESO, which stands for Educació secundària obligatòria) (from 12 to 16 years): with four school years.
- Post-compulsory studies:
- Intermediate and upper-grade educational cycles (vocational training)
- University studies
Below you will find more information about education:


text:
In this paper, the limitations of the performance of electroabsorption modulators (EAMs) as optical transceivers in passive picocell systems by using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method are theoretically investigated. EAMs with no bias voltage are modeled by the FDTD method with consideration of the interaction between electromagnetic fields and optical powers in optical waveguides. Transmission and responsivity of EAMs according to various optical input powers and chip lengths are calculated. Then, power margins of the downlink and uplink paths are estimated to define the service ranges of the passive picocell systems. In addition, EAMs with biased voltage are characterized for comparison. The results suggest that the service range of the passive picocell system using a no-biased EAM can be extended up to 20 m with a chip length of 400 μm and an optical input power larger than 10 dBm.
© 2006 IEEEPDF Article


text:
Check the approval status of an ad or extension
After you've created an ad or extension, you can check whether it's been reviewed or not in the "Status" column.
This article explains how to check that status and what each status means.
The new Google Ads experience is now the exclusive way for most users to manage their accounts. Note, automatic targeting is only available in the new Google Ads experience.
To check the status of an ad or extension:
- Sign in to your Google Ads account.
- Click Ads & extensions from the page menu to see a list of your ads.
- To check an ad or extension status, just look in the "Status" column. If you hover over each status, you'll see a more detailed explanation of what the status means.
To see more detailed policy information (or to check the status of a paused ad), enable the "Policy details" in the table.
- Visit the Ads & extensions page in your Google Ads account.
- Click the column icon above the statistics table, then click Modify columns.
- In the "Attributes" section, click select the checkbox next to "Policy details."
- Click Apply.
The Policy details column provides information about why a disapproved ad wasn't approved, or why an "approved (limited)" ad is limited to a certain audience.
What each status meansYou'll see a status both before your ad or extension is approved and after it's been reviewed.
Before review, your ad will have one of these statuses:
- Eligible: The ad is still being reviewed. Note, however:
- If you see this status for asset-based ads (for example, responsive ads or app campaign ads), it means that some combination of your assets have been approved and may be running.
- If you see this status for Video ads, it means the video has been reviewed for and approved to run in some contexts.
- Under review: The ad is still being reviewed and can't show until it's been approved.
After review, your ad can run if it has one of these statuses:
- Approved: The ad complies with the Google Ads policies, so it can be shown to all audiences.
- Approved (limited): The ad can run, but not in all situations because of policy restrictions, such as trademark use or gambling-related content.
- Approved (limited all locations): The ad can't run in your targeted locations because of policy restrictions and targeting settings. The ad can run, however, to people interested in your targeted locations.
- Serving: The video ad is approved to appear on YouTube.
After review, your extension can run if it has one of these statuses:
After review, your ad can't run if it has one these statuses:
- Disapproved: The ad cannot run because its content or its destination violates Google Ads policy.
Not related to ad approval, your ad might have another status such as Paused, Ended, and Pending.


text:
Applies To: ■ PoliteMail Desktop □ PoliteMail Online □ PoliteMail O365
Version: ■ 4.9 ■ 5.0 ■ 5.05
What is Social Advocacy?
PoliteMail's Social Advocacy Feature allows users to add a block of social media icons to messages composed in PoliteMail so recipients can share stories to their own personal social media sites. These social media links can be measured in near real-time, and the click totals will be displayed on your metrics report. PoliteMail currently allows you to add social media buttons for Facebook, Twitter (X), and LinkedIn.
How to Add Social Advocacy Icons to a PoliteMail Message
It's important to note that social advocacy icons work by adding hyperlinks to them. For example, you cannot add social icons to a template and then send it out with the intention of having your recipients share the template to their social media sites. The social media icons must point to a webpage, document, PDF, social media site, etc.
In this example, the sender wants the recipients to be able to share this story of Massive Dynamic (a fictional company) earning a Great Place to Work certification. The message has already been composed using the template builder and edited the hyperlink to the story online.
- Place your cursor where you want the social media icons to go. Then click the Social Advocacy Icon, located in the PoliteMail Ribbon, under the Advanced tab (or the External Tracking tab in v4.9).
- You will then be prompted to add a Source URL. In this example, a link to the online article. Click the Create button to complete the process.
- Now you'll see the three social media buttons at the bottom of the page. You can also add text to them, such as "Share This Story".
- You can resize the icon images by clicking on them and dragging the handles that appear.
- Delete an icon by highlighting it and pressing the Delete key, or by right-clicking on it and selecting 'Cut'.
- The links will activate once you send the email. Now your recipients will be able to share this story on their personal social media sites.
Reading Social Advocacy Metrics
PoliteMail will update in near real-time how many times the link has been shared. Both you and your recipients will be able to see how many people have clicked on each social media link.
- Go to PoliteMail > Results > Messages to access the metrics grid. From here, double click on the message to display the message's metrics.
- Scroll to the bottom of the metrics page. You'll see the social links and how many clicks they have received.


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Creating a Webhook in your Datadog Account
1. In the Integrations section of your Datadog account, search for the Webhook integration and Install.
2. Open the Configuration tab and scroll down to enter Webhook details:
Name: Enter any name for your Webhook. This does not need to match any of the information entered when creating your data feed in the NS1 portal.
URL: Enter the Feed URL generated in the Data Sources section of the NS1 portal.
3. In the Monitors section, select New Monitor and choose the appropriate monitor type. This integration is compatible with Host, Metric, Custom check, Event and Outlier types.
4. Fill out your monitoring preferences as you normally would. The Monitor Name entered in step 3 must match the name you enter in the Datadog Monitor Name field in the NS1 portal and the monitoring message needs to include a request to notify the webhook you created (eg. Notify _USER_-NS1_Webhook).
Connecting to Datadog in the NS1 Portal
1. Navigate to the Integrations section of the NS1 portal, scroll down to the list of Supported Services and click on Datadog.
2. Click on "Create an Incoming Datafeed," which will prompt you to fill out the following fields:
- Name (for internal reference): As it implies, this name does not need to match anything entered in your Datadog account.
- Fail on "Warning": Likewise, if you have configured any warnings in Datadog, it is possible to have these alerts result in a Down marking by checking the box. If left unchecked, up/down will be left unchanged from prior state.
- Fail on "No Data": Datadog will report one of four statuses - Triggered, Recovered, Warning and No Data. Triggered status will always result in a Down marking and Recovered in Up. If box is checked, No Data status will result in a Down marking. If left unchecked, there will be no impact to up/down status.
- Datadog Monitor Name: This must be an exact match for the monitor name entered in Datadog.
3. Under the Zones section of the NS1 portal, navigate to a record that contains Answers you wish to monitor via Datadog.
4. If your Filter Chain is already configured with the Up filter, click Filter Data to make the associated metadata appear. Alternatively, you can click the gear icon next to All Answer Data to make all metadata appear.
5. Now click the plug icon in the Up metadata row for the answer you would like to connect to Datadog. We'll use the primary 22.214.171.124 answer in this example. Choose 3rd Party Integrations.
6. Your newly created Datadog alert will appear alongside any previously configured 3rd-party integrations. Click on the Datadog integration and hit Save.


text:
Replacement shroud Bluelab Conductivity/Temperature Probes Meters.
The 'Shroud' (found at the probe) is very important for the accuracy and protection of the meter.
The shroud carries out three crucial functions:
- Protects the probe tip from damage
- Slows the movement of the solution to get a more accurate reading
- The slots allow an even flow of solution to pass through to avoid air bubbles on the probe surface
The shroud is removed prior to the cleaning process.
- Place your hand over the shroud for 30 seconds to help warm the plastic then gently pull away from the Truncheon body.
- ALWAYS replace after you have cleaned the probe face.


Stop-Service
Stops one or more running services.
Syntax
Stop-Service
 [-Force]
 [-NoWait]
 [-InputObject] <ServiceController[]>
 [-PassThru]
 [-Include <String[]>]
 [-Exclude <String[]>]
 [-WhatIf]
 [-Confirm]
 [<CommonParameters>]
Stop-Service
 [-Force]
 [-NoWait]
 [-Name] <String[]>
 [-PassThru]
 [-Include <String[]>]
 [-Exclude <String[]>]
 [-WhatIf]
 [-Confirm]
 [<CommonParameters>]
Stop-Service
 [-Force]
 [-NoWait]
 [-PassThru]
 -DisplayName <String[]>
 [-Include <String[]>]
 [-Exclude <String[]>]
 [-WhatIf]
 [-Confirm]
 [<CommonParameters>]
Description
This cmdlet is only available on the Windows platform.
The Stop-Service cmdlet sends a stop message to the Windows Service Controller for each of the specified services. You can specify the services by their service names or display names, or you can use the InputObject parameter to pass a service object that represents the service that you want to stop.
Examples
Example 1: Stop a service on the local computer
PS C:\> Stop-Service -Name "sysmonlog"
This command stops the Performance Logs and Alerts (SysmonLog) service on the local computer.
Example 2: Stop a service by using the display name
PS C:\> Get-Service -DisplayName "telnet" | Stop-Service
This command stops the Telnet service on the local computer. The command uses Get-Service to get an object that represents the Telnet service. The pipeline operator (|) pipes the object to Stop-Service, which stops the service.
Example 3: Stop a service that has dependent services
PS C:\> Get-Service -Name "iisadmin" | Format-List -Property Name, DependentServices
PS C:\> Stop-Service -Name "iisadmin" -Force -Confirm
This example stops the IISAdmin service on the local computer. Because stopping this service also stops the services that depend on the IISAdmin service, it is best to precede Stop-Service with a command that lists the services that depend on the IISAdmin service.
The first command lists the services that depend on IISAdmin. It uses Get-Service to get an object that represents the IISAdmin service. The pipeline operator (|) passes the result to the Format-List cmdlet. The command uses the Property parameter of Format-List to list only the Name and DependentServices properties of the service.
The second command stops the IISAdmin service. The Force parameter is required to stop a service that has dependent services. The command uses the Confirm parameter to request confirmation from the user before it stops each service.
Parameters
-Confirm
Prompts you for confirmation before running the cmdlet.
Type:SwitchParameter
Aliases:cf
Position:Named
Default value:False
Accept pipeline input:False
Accept wildcard characters:False
-DisplayName
Specifies the display names of the services to stop. Wildcard characters are permitted.
Type:String[]
Position:Named
Default value:None
Accept pipeline input:False
Accept wildcard characters:True
-Exclude
Specifies services that this cmdlet omits. The value of this parameter qualifies the Name parameter. Enter a name element or pattern, such as s*. Wildcard characters are permitted.
Type:String[]
Position:Named
Default value:None
Accept pipeline input:False
Accept wildcard characters:True
-Force
Forces the cmdlet to stop a service even if that service has dependent services.
Type:SwitchParameter
Position:Named
Default value:None
Accept pipeline input:False
Accept wildcard characters:False
-Include
Specifies services that this cmdlet stops. The value of this parameter qualifies the Name parameter. Enter a name element or pattern, such as s*. Wildcard characters are permitted.
Type:String[]
Position:Named
Default value:None
Accept pipeline input:False
Accept wildcard characters:True
-InputObject
Specifies ServiceController objects that represent the services to stop. Enter a variable that contains the objects, or type a command or expression that gets the objects.
Type:ServiceController[]
Position:0
Default value:None
Accept pipeline input:True
Accept wildcard characters:False
-Name
Specifies the service names of the services to stop. Wildcard characters are permitted.
Type:String[]
Aliases:ServiceName
Position:0
Default value:None
Accept pipeline input:True
Accept wildcard characters:True
-NoWait
Indicates that this cmdlet uses the no wait option.
Type:SwitchParameter
Position:Named
Default value:None
Accept pipeline input:False
Accept wildcard characters:False
-PassThru
Returns an object that represents the service. By default, this cmdlet does not generate any output.
Type:SwitchParameter
Position:Named
Default value:None
Accept pipeline input:False
Accept wildcard characters:False
-WhatIf
Shows what would happen if the cmdlet runs. The cmdlet is not run.
Type:SwitchParameter
Aliases:wi
Position:Named
Default value:False
Accept pipeline input:False
Accept wildcard characters:False
Inputs
System.ServiceProcess.ServiceController, System.String
You can pipe a service object or a string that contains the name of a service to this cmdlet.
Outputs
None, System.ServiceProcess.ServiceController
This cmdlet generates a System.ServiceProcess.ServiceController object that represents the service, if you use the PassThru parameter. Otherwise, this cmdlet does not generate any output.
Notes
This cmdlet is only available on Windows platforms.
You can also refer to Stop-Service by its built-in alias, spsv. For more information, see about_Aliases.
Stop-Service can control services only when the current user has permission to do this. If a command does not work correctly, you might not have the required permissions.
To find the service names and display names of the services on your system, type Get-Service. The service names appear in the Name column and the display names appear in the DisplayName column.


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It isn't really common, but at times you might want to remove a WordPress theme. For example, if you were editing a theme manually and have to revert back to the unedited theme, then you may delete the modified theme and then reinstall the theme as you originally did.
Deleting a WordPress Theme
With the following steps you can delete a WordPress theme:
Step 1: Begin by logging to the WordPress Dashboard.
Step 2: Navigate to Appearance and then themes.
Step 3: If the theme you want to remove is already in use, simply activate a different theme
Step 4: After the theme you want to delete is not activated, look for it and click on Delete.
You might receive a pop up message which requests you to verify that you'd like to remove the them. If you receive this, simply press on OK.
You should then get a confirmation which says your theme was deleted.
This is all you need to know about deleting a WordPress theme!


Sales forecasting for Distributors
Why use AI Sales forecast
Distribution companies can increase revenue and decrease costs with our AI software solution through an accurate prediction of sales. This allows them to make informed decisions on the quantity of stock to buy or when to boost a marketing campaign. Sales forecasting is one of the most critical factors that enable distributors to make informed business decisions and to determine long-term business growth.
Simplification of forecast along with an increase in accuracy give extra resources to sales teams so they can fully focus on their customer needs. AI allows automatic and accurate sales forecasts based on previous sales outcomes and external indicators such as weather, promotions, or economic factors.
Did you know that our AI-powered forecasting software can predict sales with up to 99% accuracy, and that this can eliminate lost sales due to inventory out-of-stock situations by 60%?
Benefits of AI Sales forecast
 1. Accurate sales forecast with simple-to-use AI-powered software, and by utilising additional parameters like COVID-19, weather and economic indicators.
 2. Reduce the costs of unsold goods by precise planning of production.
 3. Prepare more precise budgets and sales forecasts.
 4. Develop your pricing and promotions strategy using on-demand data.
 5. Eliminate human bias and establish consistent AI-based sales forecasting methodology.
About iERP


Skip to main content.
Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History
butterfly illustration
One Hall, Two Exhibits
The Partners in Evolution Hall is a free-admission exploration into how insects and other animals have co-evolved with plants. Discover how natural selection has shaped animals and plants together through their ancient and persistent dependencies, and defenses with one another.
Tickets are required for the Butterfly Pavilion, a live butterfly experience. Take a stroll among live butterflies and exotic plants! Located adjacent to Partners in Evolution, this tropical oasis offers visitors a rare opportunity to get close to a variety of living butterflies from all over the world.
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text:
Source: American Concrete Pipe Association, Irving, Texas
The American Concrete Pipe Association-organized Concrete Pipe Week, August 14-20, recognizes the reinforced concrete pipe and precast industry's strong connection to quality of life. This year's "Build for the Future. Build with Concrete" theme celebrates the long service life, resilience and sustainability that ACPA members and the industry provide to America's infrastructure.
"Reinforced concrete pipe has played a vital role for more than 150 years. Now, with historic funding through the Bipartisan Infrastructure Legislation, concrete pipe has an unprecedented opportunity to build a sustainable and resilient future for communities across the country through its unparalleled physical properties such as strength and durability," says ACPA President Steven Hawkins, AIA. "Concrete Pipe Week showcases the best the industry has to offer, and we look forward to celebrating the lasting difference reinforced concrete pipe makes in a community's future."
"Build for the Future" activities and events at national, state and local levels include:
- Complimentary Webinars. ACPA will offer three opportunities for construction interests and the general public to learn about the resilience and impact concrete pipe has on the world around us. Webinar topics are Building for the Future, Achieving Project Excellence, and Engineer's Guide to Quality Assurance. Attendees will earn 1 PDH by attending the hour-long sessions.
- Virtual Concrete Pipe Plant Tour. A virtual tour will take attendees through an ACPA member's Virginia production facilities. The webinar will cover the process it takes to make pipe, from raw materials arriving at the plant to the truck hauling finished product.
- State Proclamations. ACPA members perennially work with governors to formally acknowledge and raise awareness about the benefits that reinforced concrete pipe and precast bring to state and local levels.
Concrete Pipe Week also recognizes the contributions of ACPA's partners: Public works agencies; departments of transportation; engineering companies and contractors; equipment or machinery manufacturers and other associate members; aggregate, cement and reinforcing steel producers; trucking interests; plus, academia and other stakeholders associated with underground infrastructure.
"Concrete Pipe Week provides an opportunity for our members to unite around our products and the impact they have on existing communities and future generations," observes ACPA Vice President of Marketing Michael Kremer. "Infrastructure built with concrete pipe establishes the certainty and security of future communities—something we're proud to celebrate during Concrete Pipe Week 2022."


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let $K$ be a field, $n \geq 1$. denote $E_{i,j}$ the elementary matrix having $1$ on the diagonale and in the entry $(i,j)$, and $E_i(a)$ the elementary matrix $diag(1,...,a,...,1)$. you know that $GL_n(K)$ is generated by these matrices, but what relations do we need in order to get a presentation for $GL_n(K)$?
here are some relations, which correspond to simple relations about row operations:
 - $E_i(1)=1$
 - $E_i(ab) = E_i(a) E_i(b)$
 - $E_i(a) E_j(b) = E_j(b) E_i(a)$
 - $(E_j(-1) E_{ij})^2=1$
 - $E_j(a+b)^{-1} E_{ij} E_j(a+b) = E_j(a)^{-1} E_{ij} E_j(b) E_i(a)^{-1} E_{ij} E_j(a)$
 - $ (E_{ji} E_{ij} E_{ji} E_j(-1))^2=1$
are these all relations? how can we prove that?
EDIT: Mariano has given a counterexample when $K = \mathbb{F}_2$. well, how can we fix this? add more relations? incorporate the structure of $K$ as a ring? what about concrete examples such as $K=\mathbb{Q}$?
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One way of getting a presentation for a Lie group is exponentiating a presentation from the Lie algebra. For the Lie algebra, the presentation will not be hard to do (just take the Cartan subalgebra, $e_{i,i+1}$, and $e_{i+1,i}$), and you can work out the relations for them. It is not necessary to use the matrices corresponding to all $(i,j)$-s - that might overcomplicate things. – Vinoth Dec 30 '09 at 12:10
It seems to me that this should be a presentation of the simply connected form of the Lie group. But GL_2(R) is not simply connected: the universal cover is basically the metaplectic group. I could imagine much worse things could happen with nonarchimedean fields, but I don't know. – David Speyer Dec 30 '09 at 21:40
Heh. Is $\mathbb F_2$ not concrete? :) – Mariano Suárez-Alvarez Jan 4 '10 at 2:04
can you give a presentation for $GL_n(\mathbb{F}_2)$? – Martin Brandenburg Jan 4 '10 at 9:42
See Steinberg, Lectures on Chevalley groups. For $n=2$ extra relations are needed. This is related to David's comment. – Victor Protsak Jun 6 '10 at 6:03
4 Answers 4
This is a sideways answer.
Let $E_{ij}(a)=I+a E_{ij}$, for $i\neq j$ and $a\in A$.These matrices generate the conmutator subgroup $$E(n, A)=[\mathrm{GL}(n, A),\mathrm{GL}(n, A)]\subseteq\mathrm{GL}(n, A).$$ One can easily check that the obvious relations satisfied by these elements are $$E_{ij}(a)E_{ij}(b)=E_{ij}(a+b),$$ $$[E_{ij}(a),E_{jk}(a)]=E_{ik}(a) \mbox{ if $i\neq k$,}$$ $$[E_{ij}(a),E_{kl}(b)]=1 \mbox{ if $i\neq l$ and $j\neq k$.}$$ Yet the group presented by generators and this relations is not $E(n,A)$, but what we call the $*n$-th unstable Steinberg group* $\mathrm{St}(n, A)$ of $A$. In general, this is larger than (precisely, an extension of) $E(n,A)$.
(NB: The following paragraph has been edited to make it match reality. Thanks to Allen for pointing the mistake in the comment bellow)
This is seen, for example, because the map $\mathrm{St}(n, A)\to E(n,A)$ has a non-trivial kernel. Indeed, after passing to the direct limit as $n$ goes to infinity, the kernel of that map is precisely the second algebraic $K$-theory group of $A$, $K_2(A)$. Milnor shows in his book that $K_2(\mathbb{R})$ is uncountable, and describes $K_2(\mathbb Q)$ (he also shows that $K_2(\mathbb Z)$ is cyclic of order two, so this can be done for rings that are not fields too...)
A nice reference for all this is Jonathan Rosenberger's Algebraic $K$-theory and its applications, and there is John Milnor's Introduction to algebraic $K$-theory, which is also extremely nice.
A short intuitive description for $K_2(A)$ is: it measures how much more information is there in the elementary matrices of a ring which does not follow formally from the Steinberg relations.
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The kernel of the stabilized map $St(\infty,A)\to E(\infty,A)$ is $K_2(A)$, not $K_3(A)$. Milnor showed that $K_2(\mathbb Z)$ is cyclic of order 2. – Allen Hatcher Dec 30 '09 at 16:37
Suppose $R=\mathbb F_2$ is the field with two elements and $n=2$. Then we need not consider the matrices $E_i(a)$, for the only possible $a$ is $1$, so your group is generated by $\alpha=E_{12}$ and $\beta=E_{21}$. Your fourth relation implies that $$\alpha^2=\beta^2=1.$$ Your fifth equation is empty in this case (for it is only meaningful for when $a$ and $b$ are non-zero elements of the field which add up to a non-zero element of the field!) Finally, your sixth relation in this case tells us that $(\alpha\beta\alpha)^2=(\beta\alpha\beta)^2=1$, but these two equalities follow from the previous equation.
We thus see that the group generated by the $E_i(a)$'s and the $E_{ij}$ subject to your relations is, in this case, $$\langle\alpha,\beta:\alpha^2=\beta^2=1\rangle.$$ This is an infinite group, so it is not $\mathrm{GL}(2,\mathbb F_2)$.
Exactly the same reasoning shows that the same happens for all $n\geq 2$: you get free products of cyclic groups of order $2$.
NB: It wouldn't be the first time that $\mathbb F_2$ behaves differently from other fields... I doubt that is the case, and surely someone with enough determination will be able to use GAP to check whether the group given by your generators and relations is or not $\mathrm{GL}$, at least for other small fields...
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I suggest you give Mariano a check mark. MathOverflow does not function properly when you change a question substantially after it has been correctly answered.
Regarding your revised question, we can fix the presentation by throwing it away and using Steinberg's presentation, which works without problems. I couldn't find an online copy of his paper, but this 1971 article describes how to present the R-points of any semisimple simply connected Chevalley-Demazure group, for R any commutative ring.
I have heard that the presentation in the case of the general linear group is due to Schur, but I don't know a reference.
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You might want to look at Cohn's paper "On the structure of the ${\rm GL}_{2}$ of a ring", MR0207856.
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