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What is the extinction coefficient of BSA?
The molar extinction coefficient (ε) for BSA: 43,824 cm-1M-1 (Absorbance max at 280 nm)
How do you calculate the extinction coefficient of a protein?
The extinction coefficient is the absorbance divided by the concentration and the pathlength, according to Beer's Law (epsilon = absorbance/concentration/pathlength). The units of extinction coefficients are usually M-1cm-1, but for proteins it is often more convenient to use (mg/ml)-1cm-1.
How do you calculate the molar extinction coefficient of a peptide?
The calculated concentration, assuming the stated percent absorptivity value, is as follows: (A / εpercent) × 10 = cmg/ml (1.346 / 6.6) × 10 = 2.039mg/mL Assuming a MW = 66,400, the molar extinction coefficient at 280nm for BSA is approximately 43,824M-1 cm-1.
What is the PI of beta lactoglobulin?
Bovine β-Lg consists of 162 amino acid residues per monomer, with an MW of ∼18 kDa; its amino acid sequence and that of several other species have been established. Its isoelectric point is ∼pH 5.2. It contains two intramolecular disulfide bonds and one mol of cysteine per monomer.
What is an extinction coefficient of protein?
Extinction coefficients for proteins are determined at absorbance maxima near 280 nm. Protein analysis is needed to determine if a sample solution contains the desired protein. For example, measuring the absorbance of a protein sample at 280 nm with a spectrophotometer is a rapid and straightforward method.
What is the function of beta-lactoglobulin?
β-lactoglobulin is a lipocalin protein, and can bind many hydrophobic molecules, suggesting a role in their transport. β-lactoglobulin has also been shown to be able to bind iron via siderophores and thus might have a role in combating pathogens.
What is beta-lactoglobulin used for?
β-Lactoglobulin (LG) is suspected to enhance or modulate human immune responses. Moreover, LG is also hypothesized to increase human cell proliferation. However, these potential functions of LG have not been directly or thoroughly addressed.
What does extinction coefficient represent?
Extinction coefficient ( E) It is a measurement of how strongly a molecular species absorbs light at a given wavelength. The absorbance of light at a given wavelength of a substance is dependent on the mass density or molar concentration of the specific substance.
Does extinction coefficient depend on wavelength?
The refractive index (n) and extinction coefficient (k) are related to the interaction between a material and incident light and are associated with refraction and absorption, respectively. Both refractive index (n) and extinction coefficient (k) depend on the wavelength.
What is ββ-lactoglobulin (β-lg)?
β-Lactoglobulin (β-Lg) represents ∼50% of the whey proteins, ∼12% of the total proteins, in bovine milk. It is a typical globular protein that has been characterized very well. The extensive literature has been reviewed, among others, by Sawyer (2003; 2013) and Creamer et al. (2011).
What is the function of beta lactoglobulin?
β-Lactoglobulin is the main component of milk skin, coagulating and denaturing when the milk boils. Once denatured, the β-Lactoglobulin forms a thin gelatinous film on the surface of the milk. Folding intermediates for this protein can be studied using light spectroscopy and denaturant.
Can ultrasound induce glycation of beta-lactoglobulin in aqueous solutions?
Bovine β-lactoglobulin (β-Lg) is one of major allergens in cow's milk. Previous study showed that ultrasound treatment induced the conformational changes of β-Lg and promoted the glycation in aqueous solutions, which is, however, less efficient compared with dry-state.
What percentage of milk protein is beta lactoglobulin?
For example, it accounts for about 10% of the total milk proteins in cow's milk. Surprisingly, β-lactoglobulin is not present in the milk of humans and other species including some rodents, rabbits, camels and llamas.


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Quickbooks gaining popularity among business owners because of their dynamic features. It is because of Quickbooks that the users can place any transaction without any fear of losing or missing them. Quickbooks changes the whole conventional mode of business and accountancy and builds up a new gateway for digital transactions. It emerges as the best tool of accounting software with different features that serve the different functions destined to them.
In an attempt to perform so many tasks at a time, Quickbooks often get interrupted with errors that bring hindrances to the working procedure. The user can face so many troubles due to these errors like slowing down the system and crashing the window. In this guide, we will help you out to deal with one such error of Quickbooks that you have seen in the title.
So, let's get started with the article containing all the details about Quickbooks error -6000, -77.
What is QuickBooks error -6000, -77?
Quickbooks error 77 generally occurs in our device when we try opening a QB file. The error always appears with a message saying "We're sorry. Quickbooks encountered a problem. Error codes: 6000."
Like, many other Quickbooks errors, this error also has some reasons that lead to the error. You can check them below and get rid of the error by removing all the causes that bring the error to your device. So, let's jump into the reasons leading to the error.
Reasons responsible for Quickbooks error 6000 77
- The first reason could be the location of the QB file, if it is located on external media instead of local media then it leads to the error.
- Bit defender security software can lead to the error if it is blocking the connection to run Quickbooks in multi-user mode. Quickbooks error H202 also occurs due to multi-user mode.
- Incorrect folder permission is shown on the folder in which your company file is located.
- Quickbooks attempts to open the company file while referencing a mapped drive.
The reasons given above can be very dangerous for your system and your working procedure. So, remove these causes as soon as possible to have a better workflow. You can easily erase them with these solutions given below. So, without any ado, let's jump into the troubleshooting that will help you eradicate the error.
Also Find, Steps To Resolve Quickbooks error 6073
How can you remove the Quickbooks error -6000, -77?
Following are the solutions that you need to perform step-by-step. Keep in mind to follow every step calmly as in haste, you will skip one of the steps and this can bring more interruptions in the systems. So, avoid follow the steps in haste and get started with the first troubleshoot.
1. Run Quickbooks file Doctor
Quickbooks file doctor is the best tool that can resolve all Quickbooks errors. You can download it from the steps given below and can get your system back. You can also check out our article on Quickbooks File Doctor and Quickbooks Tool Hub to get a better understanding of these two amazing tools.
- The first step you need to do is download and install Quickbooks tool hub software.
- Run the Quickbooks tool hub.
- Go to the company file issue and click on it.
- Then, click on the green bar Run Quickbooks File Doctor.
- Now go to the second option saying click the browse and select you company file you wish to repair.
- After that click on the repair tab.
- This will make the file doctor repair the issue and you will also be notified about it.
After performing all the steps, check if the error persists or not. If it is there then check out the second solution.
2. Recreating the damaged folder
The damaged folder can result in a disruption in the program files and stored in there. But, you can resolve them by recreating the damaged folder. So, follow the steps below for doing the same.
- Go to the c:\ drive and craft a new folder.
- Now, go to the folder that has saved company file data and open it.
- Save the.qbw file.
- Select copy by right-clicking on the.qbw file.
- Again, craft a new folder and paste.qbw there.
- Now, you have to create access for sharing it to know about the queries. Keep in mind to give windows permission before creating access.
- From the new folder that you created, open Quickbooks.
3. Rename files.ND and.TLG
Moving towards the third solution if the error still appears on the screen of the system. This solution involves renaming the files. To do the same, you can proceed with the steps below.
- Go to the folder that has the company file and open it.
- Locate them with the same name but having these two extensions.ND and.TLG.
- Search for the file with the name. For instance: company_file.qbw.ND and company_file.qbw.TLG
- Now go to.ND/.TLG and click on rename option by right-clicking on it.
- At last, add this extension.old too. For instance, company_file.qbw.nd.OLD and company_file.qbw.tig.old
If the error is still appearing then the real cause might be different which does not follow all the three solutions given above. You can proceed towards the next solution to remove the error.
4. Use an Anti-virus defender
Firewalls can be a threat to Quickbooks as it sometimes stops the functioning of the system. In order to reduce the effect of the Firewall on your system. You have to perform all the steps.
- Go to firewall settings and configure the settings to automatic.
- Set up exceptions manually for all firewall ports.
- You can do it by using an anti-virus defender on your device.
5. Instead of the mapped drive try the UNC path
This is the last solution that you can perform to get rid of the error. Follow all the steps nicely and get rid of the error.
- Go to the Quickbooks icon right-click on it.
- Click on run as an administrator while holding the Ctrl key from your keyboard.
- Hold the ctrl key until no company open window appears.
- The ctrl key will not allow the opening of company files on the Quickbooks desktop.
- Go to the File menu and select open or restore company.
- Then, go to open a company file and click on next.
- Click on the network in the left pane and go to the location where you saved your company file.
- In case, you become unable to find the folder then go to set folder permission.
- At last, choose the company file and open it.
If the error persists there even now, then you can do one more thing. Let's see what else you can do in removing the error in the conclusion section.
After performing all the solutions, if the error still makes hindrances in opening the company file then you can contact the Quickbooks technical support team. They are technicians in this field and will surely help you out in removing the error.
You can also check out our recent posts on Quickbooks error 6000 80 and their troubleshooting methods to avoid any further chance of errors. This Quickbooks error occurs When the user requests Quickbooks to open a company file, the error 6000 80 normally displays on the screen but due to glitches and technical issues, Quickbooks brings this error when he tries.
At last, kindly share your thoughts with us in the comment section and also tell us what kind of Quickbooks errors you are facing in your device so that we will help you out in no time by providing you another resourceful article containing all the methods to troubleshoot it.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


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In Access, the Max function returns the maximum of a set of values in a select query.
The syntax for the Max function is:
Max ( expression )
The expression argument represents a string expression identifying the field that contains the data you want to evaluate or an expression that performs a calculation using the data in that field. Operands in expression can include the name of a table field, a constant, or a function (not one of the other SQL aggregate functions). You can use Max to determine the largest values in a field based on the specified aggregation, or grouping.
In Access, you can use the Max function in the query design grid, in an SQL statement in SQL view of the Query window, or in an SQL statement within Visual Basic code. It is used in conjunction with the Group By clause.
Select SellerID, Max(Price) as MaxPrice From Antiques Group by SellerID

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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The Weight of Price - On the Structural Fomation of (Nominal) Market Prices
41 Pages Posted: 19 Nov 2012
Date Written: January 11, 2006
A new method to the investigation of nominal prices is presented. Taking into account (a) the weight of a number's digits, (b) the build-in characteristics of cardinal numbers in decimal notation, and (c) a probable misconception of decimal notation, the main features of nominal prices are demonstrated to be well predictable: the probability of market prices' first digits obeys Benford's Law due to (b); the length of prices, and the distribution of digits on the consecutive positions are determined by a price's first digit, as well as by (a) and (c). A secondary data analysis from el Sehity, Hoelzl and Kirchler (2005) is undertaken on price data from 10 EMU-countries before and after the transition to the euro. Price structures of the former national currencies re-established in euro within one year according to (a), (b), and (c).
Keywords: Nominal Market Price, Price Digits, Benford's Law, Money Illusion
JEL Classification: D49, E49, P22
Suggested Citation: Suggested Citation

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


crypto.hmac #
fn equal #
fn equal(mac1 []byte, mac2 []byte) bool
equal compares 2 MACs for equality, without leaking timing info. NB: if the lengths of the 2 MACs are different, probably a completely different hash function was used to generate them => no useful timing information.
fn new #
fn new(key []byte, data []byte, hash_func fn ([]byte) []byte, blocksize int) []byte
new returns a HMAC byte array, depending on the hash algorithm used.


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SET ANSI Command
Specifies whether to pad a shorter string with spaces when making a SQL string comparison or binary expression with zero (0) bytes when making a binary expression comparison in SQL commands using the equal sign operator (=).
In the Visual FoxPro OLE DB Provider, you cannot query the value of ANSI using the SET command though SET ANSI is supported.
Pads the shorter string or binary expression with spaces or zero (0) bytes needed, respectively, to make it equal to the length of the longer string or expression. When SET ANSI is set to ON, the two strings or expressions are compared character for character for their entire lengths.
Specifies that the shorter string not be padded with spaces or binary expression not be padded with zero (0) bytes. (Default)
When SET ANSI is set to OFF, the two strings are compared character for character until the end of the shorter string is reached.
SET ANSI has no effect on the double equal sign (==) operator. When you use the == operator, the shorter string or binary expression is always padded with spaces or zero (0) bytes, respectively, for the comparison. For more information, see Relational Operators.
SET ANSI is scoped to the current data session.
SET ANSI and the Query Designer Visual FoxPro builds a SELECT - SQL command in the Query Designer when you create a query. When creating Join and Filter conditions, if you choose the Equal or Exactly Like options, the = or == operator is included in the generated SELECT. The SET ANSI setting can affect the results of queries you create and perform in the Query Designer.
String Order In SQL commands, the left-to-right order of the two strings in a comparison is irrelevant — switching a string from one side of the = or == operator to the other doesn't affect the result of the comparison.
The following example creates a cursor with one record and then demonstrates how SET ANSI affects query results. When SET ANSI is set to OFF, the result is one because the strings are compared based on the shortest. 'Tommy' becomes 'Tom', and the strings 'Tom' and 'Tom' do match character for character.
When SET ANSI is set to ON, the result is zero because the strings are compared based on the shortest padded with spaces. 'Tom' becomes 'Tom ', and the strings 'Tom'and 'Tommy' do not match character for character:
CLEAR CREATE CURSOR Dummy (name c(10)) INSERT INTO Dummy VALUES ("Tommy") SET ANSI OFF SELECT * FROM Dummy WHERE name="Tom" INTO CURSOR result?"With ANSI",SET("Ansi"),_tally && shows 1 SET ANSI ON SELECT * FROM Dummy WHERE name="Tom" INTO CURSOR result?"With ANSI",SET("Ansi"),_tally && shows 0


A 54-Year-Old Man Died After Eating A Bag And A Half Of Licorice Every Day For A Few Weeks
By Mayukh Saha / Truth Theory
In a bizarre turn of events, a 54 years old Massachusetts man has reportedly died after eating too much Licorice candy. The doctors confirmed that the rush of sugar had damaged his heart function.
The 54 years old man had been eating around a bag and a half of licorice candy each day for many weeks. This, naturally, resulted in nutrients imbalance.
A cardiologist from Massachusetts, Neel Butala, took up the case in a Medicine Journal. He warned people of the dangers of overloading sugar. He added that even a tiny bit of licorice can result in significant blood pressure increase.
The US Food and Drug officials announced that eating two ounces of black licorice for 12 days can results in heart rhythm issues for 40 and over individuals.
What Makes Black Licorice So Dangerous?
As per medical experts, the main ingredient that makes black licorice so deadly is the glycyrrhizic acid. This ingredient is present in other food items that use licorice root as well.
Your potassium levels drop when you consume too much glycyrrhizic acid. That's because it does not let your body absorb adequate potassium. And, for a healthy functioning heart, one needs an appropriate balance of sodium and potassium. When the potassium level drops, the sodium level increases substantially. This causes heart rhythm problems and increased blood pressure.
Another leading cardiologist from the University of Colorado, Dr. Robert Eckel, further explained that it's not just the licorice candy that's dangerous. He said that any food item that uses the licorice root can cause similar issues. Some other popular food items include licorice teas, jelly beans, etc.
Furthermore, Dr. Eckel added that the Belgian beers and even some types of chewing tobacco contain this dangerous compound. Dr. Eckel was formerly the president of the American Heart Association.
Health experts say, however, that the Massachusetts case was an extreme one. The 54 years old man has switched to black licorice from the red twists. The man had gone to eat at a fast-food restaurant when he had a blackout. The emergency services gave him CPR. He revived only to die the following day. Reports found that his potassium levels were fatally low.
Massachusetts Case Reported To FDA In Hopes To Bring Awareness
As per Dr. Butala, a maximum of 3.1 percent glycyrrhizic acid is allowed in a food item. However, licorice and many other candies don't reveal how much of this compound they have per ounce.
Jeff Beckmann from Hershey states that all their food items are safe to consume but needs to be eaten in moderation. The Hershey Company manufactures licorice candies.
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The Social Significance Of Ghana's 2002 District Level Elections – In The Upper East Region
"This paper attempts to analyse the social structure of the District Assemblies created by the District Assembly Elections of 2002. The Upper East Region of Ghana, which is the poorest region in the country, is the focus of the study. The analysis is situated against the background of the social, economic and political conditions of the region at the time of the District Assembly Elections of 2002. It was discovered in the study that some 61% of the 270 people who were elected to the District Assemblies were mainly teachers and farmers, and that out of thirtyfive women candidates only seventeen, or 48.55% were successful. In addition, only one out of ten disabled candidates was able to make it to the Assembly. The Assemblies created by the Election of 2002, therefore, are predominantly constituted by able-bodied male teachers and farmers. Both society and Government have a major responsibility to ensure that more women get elected in future elections, to ensure their full and free participation in Ghana's democratic political system."


Летние мастер-классы в Исландии
Летние мастер-классы в Исландии
Поймайте в объектив всю красоту исландской природы в свете полуночного солнца и улучшите ваши навыки фотосъемки, присоединившись к этим увлекательным летним фототурам.
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Часто задаваемые вопросы
When is summer in Iceland?
The summer months in Iceland occur between May and August. This is the high season, during which the most people travel to Iceland for landscape photography tours.
What is the Midnight Sun?
 Find out why Iceland is the perfect place for Midnight Sun photography.The Midnight Sun is a natural phenomenon that occurs during the summer months, from around June to July. During this period, there is daylight even at midnight, with the sun being visible for almost 24 hours. Find out why Iceland is the perfect place for Midnight Sun photography.
What is the temperature in Iceland during summer?
What is the weather like for photography during summer in Iceland?
The weather in Iceland can be very fickle. One second, it may be sunny and then raining the next. Conditions are generally mild, though it can get windy at times. Find out the best time to visit Iceland for photography.
What is there to photograph during summer in Iceland?
Summer is when the magnificent landscapes in Iceland come alive with blooming wildflowers and lush green moss. The glacial rivers are at full flow and you'll be able to see a variety of wildlife, including puffins, Arctic foxes, whales and seals. Not to mention countless Icelandic horses and sheep wandering through the fields! We've put together a wildlife photography guide to help you take great pictures of the animals in Iceland.


Another word for big
Example:- a large city
bad, big - very intense
Example:- a bad headache
big - significant
Example:- graduation was a big day in his life
big, heavy - prodigious
Example:- big spender
big - marked by intense physical force
Example:- a big wind
big - loud and firm
Example:- a big voice
big, enceinte, expectant, gravid, great, heavy, large, with child - in an advanced stage of pregnancy
Example:- was big with child
big, bighearted, bounteous, bountiful, freehanded, giving, handsome, liberal, openhanded - given or giving freely
Example:- was a big tipper
big, large, magnanimous - generous and understanding and tolerant
Example:- a heart big enough to hold no grudges
big, swelled, vainglorious - feeling self-importance
Example:- too big for his britches
big, boastful, braggart, bragging, braggy, cock-a-hoop, crowing, self-aggrandising, self-aggrandizing - exhibiting self-importance
Example:- big talk
big, large, prominent - conspicuous in position or importance
Example:- a big figure in the movement
adult, big, full-grown, fully grown, grown, grownup - (of animals) fully developed
Example:- an adult animal
big - on a grand scale
Example:- think big
big - in a major way
Example:- the play failed big at the box office
big, boastfully, large, vauntingly - in a boastful manner
Example:- he talked big all evening
big - extremely well
Example:- his performance went over big
Tweets containing the word big
Source : WordNet


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Akamina-Kishinena Provincial Park
History and conservation
Akamina Kishinena Provincial Park is located in the southeast corner of the province. This wilderness area along with Waterton Lakes National Park and US Glacier National Park, preserves the Crown of the Continent UNESCO World Heritage Site at the narrowest point of the Rocky Mountains.
Preserves and protects the habitat of the last self-sustaining grizzly bear population in the United States, as well as a winter range for goats and big horn sheep. Protected plant species include the rare Mimulus luteus (yellow monkey flower) and the rare Papaver pygmaeum (pigmy poppy) that are found nowhere else in BC.
The trails and passes of the Akamina-Kishinena were used for many years by the early people's and wildlife travelling between the Flathead Basin and the abundant Great Plains. For instance, the Kootenai aboriginal people travelled through South Kootenay Pass to reach the plains for trading and buffalo hunting.
The spectacular southeast corner of the province was recommended for preservation as early as 1917. In 1995 Akamina-Kishinena became a class A provincial park. The closest communities are Waterton Lakes National Park community and Sparwood. The area is 109.21 km².
- Akamina-Kishinena Provincial Park
- "Akamina-Kishinena Park". BC Geographical Names. _URL_
|This British Columbian protected areas related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.|


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Saba, Lakatan, and Bongolan bananas could be considered additional or alternative to Cavendish fibers as source of raw materials for textile manufacture.
In the study conducted by a senior science research specialist at the Philippine Textile Research Institute (PTRI) on the potential of fibers from the trunks of six banana cultivars—Saba, Lakatan, Bongolan, Pakil, Saksik, and Tordan—for textile production, Saba shows potential for high fiber yield based on this cultivar's low residual gum content. Ms. Marites S. de Leon, the researcher, explained that the residual gum content is one of the major considerations in assessing cellulosic fiber's suitability for textile use. She stressed that fiber with very high gum content will not be economically viable for textile use because such fiber will require higher pretreatment inputs to attain the desired gum content level which results in low fiber yield. Among the six cultivars, Saba fibers have residual gum content close to that of the Cavendish fibers, which have been identified as suitable for textile purposes. The residual gum content of Bongolan and Lakatan, although significantly different from that of the Cavendish, is still within the acceptable gum content range.
In terms of strength, results of the study show that Lakatan was the strongest among the six cultivars, with mean tensile strength even higher than that of the Cavendish.


UC, SEISS payments and automatic reclaims
Sabrina Dubash describes universal credit (UC) regulations which deal with coronavirus-related payments for the self-employed and with new rules on treating a claimant as having reapplied for UC.
The coronavirus pandemic and the lockdown measures have drastically affected income for the employed and the self-employed. As a result, the government introduced schemes to help employers retain their employees/staff and provide interim replacement income for both the employed and self-employed during this difficult time.
The Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme (CRJS) was introduced for employers to claim their employees or workers furloughed pay, and the Self-Employed Income Support Scheme (SEISS) was introduced to assist the eligible self-employed with the sudden loss of profits.
Amendment regulations (The Universal Credit (Coronavirus) (Self-Employed Claimants and Reclaims) (Amendment) Regulations 2020) No.522 (the 'Amendment Regs') came into force on 21 May 2020.
The regulations ensure that a self-employed UC claimant who is also an employer and who receives payment under the CJRS scheme (ie, for her/his employees) does not have that money treated as her/his own income or capital. They also make wider provision about the treatment of SEISS income and reclaiming UC after having excess income (for all claimants, not just the self-employed).
How does UC deal with SEISS income?
Regulation 2(1)(a) of the Amendment Regs provides how SEISS income should be treated, together with regulation 57 (self-employed earnings) of the Universal Credit Regulations 2013 (the 'UC Regs 2013'). SEISS income is to be treated as 'earned income' received at Step 1 of the calculation of self-employed earnings in the assessment period in which it is received.
SEISS payments have only been paid since May 2020. Therefore, those eligible for the SEISS and awaiting payment have likely claimed UC in the interim period to assist with the sudden loss of income.
Regulation 2(1)(a) also provides that the SEISS income will be treated as income in the assessment period in which it is received, which means that self-employed UC claimants will not encounter overpayments for the periods they received UC, when they re-ceive their SEISS payments.
Regulation 2(2) provides that any payment to a self-employed claimant that is a grant or loan to cover expenses or the loss of trade due to the coronavirus outbreak is also to be disregarded for 12 months from the date it is received. This clarifies how payments received under the CRJS or the new loans and grants introduced – such as the Small Business Grant Fund, Retail Hospitality and Leisure Grant and Bounce Back Loan Scheme – will be treated for UC purposes.
Reclaiming UC
Regulation 3 of the Amendment Regs amends the Universal Credit, Personal Independence Payment, Jobseeker's Allowance and Employment and Support Allowance (Claims and Payments) Regulations 2013 No.380 and inserts a new regulation 32A:
'Reclaims of universal credit after nil award due to earnings
32A.—(1) This regulation applies where— (a) a claim is made for universal credit, but no award is made because the condition in section 5(1)(b) or 5(2)(b) of the 2012 Act (condition that the claimant's income, or joint claimants' combined income is such that the amount payable would not be less than the prescribed minimum) is not met; or (b) entitlement to an award of universal credit ceases because that condition is not met.
(2) The Secretary of State may, subject to any conditions the Secretary of State considers appropriate, treat the claimant (or joint claimants) as making a claim on the first day of each subsequent month, up to a maximum of 5, that would have been an assessment period if an award had been made or, as the case may be, if the award had continued.'
In practice, this amendment means that where a UC claim is not awarded or has terminated due to excess income ('the old claim/award'), then for the next five assessment periods immediately following, a claimant may be treated as making a new UC claim without having actually made one.
The advantages for claimants here is that where previously UC claims ended due to excess income and/or the surplus earnings rule applied,1Reg 54A Universal Credit Regulations 2013 UC claims would terminate due to excess income and the claimant would have to reclaim within six months for any surplus income to start to deplete.
The automatic reclaim for five assessment periods that follow the 'old claim/award' means that any surplus income can start to deplete from the next assessment period that follows and any entitlement to UC arising from reduced income can be made sooner. Note, however, that if the surplus earnings rule is engaged, that will continue to apply to the automatic reclaim.
Any excess income will do…
The explanatory memorandum to the Amendment Regs2legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2020/522/pdfs/uksiem_20200522_en.pdf states that the purpose of the regulations is to clarify how the SEISS and CRJS income is to be treated in the case of self-employed UC claimants. It says that regulation3Available at _URL_ government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/8 91880/adm10-20.pdf (ie, automatic reclaims) is intended to apply only with reference to excess income following payment from the SEISS and CRJS schemes.
However, regulation 3 in fact affects all claimants whose UC claim ends due to excess income, regardless of whether they received income from the SEISS or CRJS. The regulations use the words 'earnings' and 'income', and do not specify that this income needs to be SEISS or CRJS income.
Official guidance indicates that automatic reclaims will apply in any excess income case. ADM Memo 10/203 provides examples of how the regulations will be enforced in practice to UC claims that ended due to excess income and again no reference is made to the effect that the income must derive from SEISS or CRJS payments.
A further disparity between the regulations, explanatory memorandum and the ADM Memo 10/20 concerns whether UC claims/awards that ended due to excess income before the Amendment Regs came into force on 21 May 2020 would be covered.
The official guidance says that such claims/awards are covered. ADM Memo 10/20 provides examples of how UC claims that ended due to excess income before 21 May 2020 will also be subject to the automatic reclaims for five assessment periods that follow. However, there is no specific mention of this in either the Amendment Regs themselves or the explanatory memorandum.
Following from the specific wording in the regulations and the DWP guidance, advice to claimants would be that any claim that ended due to excess income should be covered by these amendments and the automatic reclaims for up to five assessment periods they provide for.
CPAG is interested in hearing about cases where the amendments apply and how they affected your client's claim. Please email the UC London Advice Service at _EMAIL_. For more information about the service, see our website.


What is SCD legal? Definition, Legal/Illegal lists & Legal yogurt
When I first started out on the Specific Carbohydrate Diet one of the things that struck me as a bit strange was the term "SCD legal". In this article, I take a dive deep into the concept of foods being SCD legal. I'll also share my experience with making SCD legal yogurt, one of the first recipes many people make on the diet.
What is SCD legal? SCD legal is the term used for foods that can be eaten on the Specific Carbohydrate Diet, in contrast to illegal foods or ingredients that must be avoided on the SCD diet. This shorthand of legal/illegal ingredients was introduced by Elaine Godshall, after the death of originator Dr. Sydney Hass.
Let's go through a bit of the background and history of what these terms mean and how they came about, as well as where to find information on which foods are allowed on the diet. If you are starting on the SCD or know someone who is, it can be helpful to have a little background.
SCD Legal Definition
So the definition of SCD Legal are foods and ingredients that can be eaten when following the Specific Carbohydrate Diet. This is in contrast to illegal ingredients and foods which must be excluded completely while following the SCD diet. It is simply the terminology chosen for highlighting what you can and cannot eat on the diet.
Over the many years following the SCD diet, I have had a lot of people smirk or crack jokes about the terminology chosen for the "legal/illegal" list of foods for the diet.
No, no one will be coming to arrest you if you eat a pound of candy, so that wording can seem a bit silly. Still, I think the goal was to impart the seriousness and importance of following the diet 100% with no exceptions until you are healed.
no food should be ingested that contains carbohydrates other than those found in fruits, honey, properly prepared yogurt, and those vegetables and nuts listed.
I can see the reasoning behind trying to communicate how strictly you have to follow the diet. It tends to be human nature to assume that a cheat here and there is not going to be such a big deal. For example that a one time exception where you eat some cake at a party is just part of life or that even what you don't know can't hurt you with certain unknowns in an ingredient list. I think the purpose of calling these ingredients "illegal" is to emphasize that it IS a big deal, that one slip up can set your progress by many months.
I have heard interviews with people who had followed the diet strictly for a period of years with full healing and decided they can begin to add foods deemed illegal on SCD back into their diets and one day ended up in the hospital. These types of stories tend to scare you straight, or at least they did for me.
It appears that Elaine Godshall, who popularized the current incarnation of the SCD diet, is the one who came up with the term SCD "legal" and "illegal".
The most prevalent terminology used in Management of celiac disease by Dr. Sydney Haas, the original creator of the diet, appears to have been the terminology "forbidden" foods, for example in this excerpt:
The strictness of this diet cannot be overemphasized, nor should the difficulty of adhering to it be minimized. Faithful observance requires intelligence and vigilance on the part of the mother or the person taking care of the child with celiac disease. It is surprising how many a child will, despite the best parental supervision, manage to get hold of forbidden food.
Management of celiac disease – Sidney Haas
Other terminology commonly used by Dr. Haas were "prohibited" and "not allowed". For example in the following passage in Management of celiac disease: "Any cereal grain is strictly and absolutely forbidden, including corn, wheat, rye or rice in any form, whether it is bread, cake, toast, zweiback, crackers, cookies or breakfast cereals. Potato is prohibited. Sugar is forbidden as sweetening or in the form of candy, pastries, breads, etc, as well as dextrins such as are found in corn sirups and lollipops. Milk other than protein milk is not allowed.".
Having these multiple ways of describing illegal foods on the SCD may have been not quite as clear and to the point. This may have been Elaine Godshall's thinking when coming up with the term illegal in her guidance for those following SCD in her book years later.
Using such strong language, it's hard not to take notice of what is strictly off limits on the diet, or at least it does the best job possible of driving home this point.
Specific Carbohydrate Diet Legal List
The official specific carbohydrate diet legal list is available on the Breaking the Vicious Cycle companion website:
This is a great resource that everyone on the diet will use periodically.
Although some general concepts you tend to put to memory, such as that carrots are legal but cane juice/cane sugar is not – the SCD legal list is great for confirming some less common foods, such as whether Jicama is legal (it is not).
One limitation you will notice about the SCD legal/illegal list is that it does not have every ingredient in the world. Given that it was Elaine Godshall herself who studied the biochemistry of foods and maintained the evaluations for SCD legal and illegal lists, there were understandably limits to the amounts of ingredients she had been able to review.
Elaine Godshall passed away in 2005. Since that time, as new food trends have emerged there has been a bit of a void in terms of another source of truth for whether items should be allowed on the SCD.
Elaine always maintained that if there weren't enough resources to study a particular food, that it was probably not worth taking a chance. That concept applied now more than ever, as new exotic fruits and vegetables are available in North America, one has to make a judgment call for themselves as to whether to take a chance eating a food that has not been blessed as SCD legal or play it safe by sticking to those foods reviewed for the SCD legal list (I would definitely recommend playing it safe for those who are still healing and following the SCD).
What is SCD Legal Yogurt?
SCD legal yogurt is simply a homemade yogurt created from scratch at home using an SCD compliant yogurt starter like the one from Yogourmet, with one additional requirement of letting the yogurt ferment for a full 24 hours as opposed to the more standard 4 or 8 hours.
One of the more exotic elements of the Specific Carbohydrate Diet is the recommendation to make your own yogurt from scratch. In general other ingredients, like carrots, eggs, fish and meats are pretty common, but people can get a little nervous about the requirement of making homemade yogurt.
As a quick overview, the steps to make SCD compliant yogurt are to heat milk on the stove to a simmer, making sure it doesn't boil over, then cover it and let it cool until it is below 110F (can take a bit of time), transfer a bit of the simmered milk into the yogurt maker (which keeps it at a steady 100-110F), add the yogurt starter, then add the rest of the milk and turn on the yogurt maker for a full 24 hours.
I hope to do a more in-depth article in the future on SCD yogurt making, but here are more details on the steps as well as a helpful video showing the steps:
This is a helpful video tutorial on making SCD legal yogurt if you are new at it. Note that if you cannot find the exact Dannon yogurt she mentions you can also use the Yogourmet starter linked above.
Related Questions
What does "SCD diet" mean? SCD diet stands for the Specific Carbohydrate Diet, created by Sidney Valentine Haas, M.D. and made popular by Elaine Gottschall in her book Breaking The Vicious Cycle. Its goal is the management of Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, celiac disease, diverticulitis, cystic fibrosis and chronic diarrhea.
What is SCD legal bacon? SCD Legal bacon is any bacon that does not contain ingredients that are restricted from the Specific Carbohydrate Diet, such as refined sugar. Although in the book Breaking The Vicious Cycle, bacon cured with sugar is allowed once per week in small quantities, SCD legal bacon can be eaten liberally.
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This is a wooden puzzle. The two parts lock together and you give it to a friend, asking him to unlock and separate the two parts. A friend in Germany made this one. When he handed it to me to solve, I could not until he showed me the secret. This Instructable will not only show how the puzzle is solved, but will also show how you can make these to give as gifts, especially at Christmas.
I have learned through a link by Make! Magazine that this is called a Duallock Cross Puzzle and it was invented by Nobuyuki Yoshigahara.
Step 1: How the parts appear separated
Here you see the two halves of the puzzle separated. Each half has a center notch and a hole below it. Internally, there are two holes in each with a piece of dowel pin that can move freely in each hole. The dowel pins are each a bit longer than the center notch. The center notch is the width of the wood's thickness on the parts. I will use some 3/4 inch clear pine.
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Altova MapForce 2022 Basic Edition
Add a Function to the Mapping
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MapForce includes a large number of readily available built-in functions that you can add to the mapping as described below. For reference to all available built-in functions, see Function Library Reference.

You can also add user-defined functions (UDFs) to the mapping using the same approaches as described below, provided that:

the UDF has already been created in the same mapping, or
you have imported a mapping that contains UDFs, as a local or global library.
To use a function in a mapping:
1.Select a transformation language. Note that the list of available functions depends on the selected transformation language.
2.Click the required function in the Libraries window and drag it to the mapping area. To filter functions by name, start typing the function name in the text box located in the lower part of the window:
mf_libraries_window

Alternatively, you can also quickly add a function to the mapping as follows:

1.Double-click anywhere on the empty area of the mapping and start typing the function name. A combo box appears with the same functions as in the Libraries window, filtered by the text you entered. To see a tooltip with more details about each function, select any function in the list.
mff_function_quick_add
2.Select the required function, and press Enter to add it to the mapping. To close the combo box without selecting a function, press Escape, or click anywhere outside the box.
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16-year-old Helena Muffly wrote exactly 100 years ago today:
Friday, April 14, 1911: I spent most of my time indoors today for the weather was decidedly dreary and ugly. Had a time hiding pop corn this afternoon from Jimmie and Mother.
Her middle-aged granddaughter's comments 100 years later:
A hundred years ago on this date it would have been Good Friday. I wonder if the family was making any preparations for Easter. The April 1, 1911 issue of Ladies Home Journal provided suggestions for dyeing Easter eggs:
Easter Egg Dye
A harmless dye for Easter eggs is made by boiling the eggs with onion skins. Put the eggs on to boil in cold water, with enough onion skins to cover them. Boil till the eggs are hard. They will come out in pretty shades of brown and red. Polish them with a soft flannel cloth. Two cupfuls of onion skins will color eight or ten eggs.
I used white eggs and the outer skins from yellow onions to test these directions. The eggs were easy to color–and the dyed eggs are a pretty reddish-brown. I'm amazed how the skins of yellow onions produce a dye that is so red.


Halulu - Meaning of Halulu
What does Halulu mean?
[ 3 syll. ha-lu-lu, hal-ulu ] The baby boy name Halulu is also used as a girl name. Its pronunciation is HHaaLUW-Luw- †. Halulu is used chiefly in the Hawaiian language and its origin is also Hawaiian. The name's meaning is to roar.
Baby names that sound like Halulu include Ha'ulili (Hawaiian), Hali'a (Hawaiian), Hallewell, Hallywell, Haloa (Hawaiian), Hau'oli (Hawaiian), Helio (Spanish), Hellewell, Hi'ilawe (Hawaiian), Hael, Haele, Hail, Haile (Amharic), Hal (English), Hala, Hale (English and Hawaiian), Haleal, Halee, Haleel, and Haleil.
Meaning of Halulu Meaning of Halulu
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Does it snow in Nigeria? Many people want to know if there's snow in Nigeria or any part of the popular west African country. If you are one of them, you need to know that Nigeria doesn't have the same weather as those with snow.
Does it snow in Nigeria?
Unfortunately, no. It does not snow in Nigeria.
Nigeria is currently the most populated country in Africa, with over 200 million people. Currently, Nigeria is the eighth most populated country in the world.
Nigeria extends between latitudes 4∘N and 7∘N and longitudes 2∘E and 3∘E and shares land borders with the Republic of Benin in the West, Chad and Cameroon in the East, and Niger in the North.
Nigerian weather is completely different from the United States, Canada, Russia, Romania, Belgium, Germany, France, and other popular countries where there is snow.
Nigeria is a tropical country with two rainy seasons in Nigeria which are from March to June and September to November. Likewise, the climate is hot and humid, with average high temperatures ranging from 80 F to 97F (27°C to 36°C).
History Of Snow In Nigeria
Before you start to ask, does it snow in Nigeria? First, it is important to consider the country's weather and compare it to other countries with snow.
At the end of your research, there must be similar weather conditions between both. If not, you should know that it can never snow in Nigeria.
Nigeria is not among the cold-weather countries with snow because it is very high, above 1000 meters above sea level, which is the minimum to produce snow.
Nigeria is about 1500–2500 meters above sea level, but Jos Plateau and Taraba are very close to meeting the requirements for snow.
Jos State in Nigeria's average temperature is about 4/5 degrees Celsius, a very close snow requirement, which is the minimum of 2 degrees Celsius to fall in the location.
There may be snow in Jos if the weather is abnormally cold.
At the moment of writing this article, there are 54 countries in Africa, according to the United Nations. However, just two regions in the continent produce snowfall on a somewhat regular basis.
South Africa and Lesotho. South Africa is a popular African country located in the southernmost continent of Africa and is home to many ecosystems.
There is no snow in Nigeria, Madagascar, Togo, Côte d'Ivoire, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Zimbabwe, Ethiopia, Algeria, and other African countries.
Frequently Asked Questions About Snows in Nigeria
Why does Nigeria have no snow?
Nigeria is one of the countries close to the Equator, so it has a tropical climate with hot temperatures throughout the year (except during the dry season's early mornings when it can be chilly, especially in the Northern part of the country).
So any precipitation will fall like rain and sometimes hail, even in low-altitude parts of Nigeria, especially the northern part.
Which country in Africa has snow?
Over 54 countries in Africa, just a little mountain kingdom of Lesotho, and an enclave in South Africa are the countries on earth where nowhere is less than a thousand meters above sea level, meaning there is snow.
What is the coldest month in Nigeria?
Based on weather reports from 2005 to 2015 in Nigeria, August is the coldest month in the country.
What is the coldest State in Nigeria?
After several reports and research Gembu in Taraba State, Mambilla Plateau is also one of the coldest states in Nigeria because it stands at the height of about 1524 meters above sea level.
It is considered the coldest location in Nigeria and has become a tourist location in Nigeria over the past few decades.
What is the hottest it gets in Nigeria?
Everyone knows that Nigeria does not have cold temperatures but hot temperatures.
The report shows that the hottest temperature was measured between 1952 and November 2022. It was reported at the Yola weather station. In April 2010, the record temperature was 46.4 °C. This was the hottest weather report in Nigeria over the years and till this moment.
Does Kenya have snow?
Over the years and till now, Kenya does not experience snow, even though snow is present on Mount Kenya, the highest mountain in the country.
The only place where there is snow is Mount Kenya. It is the only place you can find snow in Kenya above 4500 feet. Mount Kenya peaks are covered in permanent snow.
Does Lagos, Nigeria, have snow?
No, there is no snow in Lagos, Nigeria. You need to know that snow it's not common in African countries, including Nigeria, because of the hot weather.
Nigeria is one of the few countries close to the Equator.
The average climate in Lagos, Nigeria, is hot and humid, with high temperatures ranging from 80 F to 97F (27°C to 36°C).
How cold does it get in Kenya?
In Kenya, the cold or rainy season lasts for 2.6 months between June 5 to August 25, and an average daily high temperature is below 73°F. The coldest month of the year in Nairobi, Kenya, is in July, with a low of 55°F and a high of 71°F.
Which is the coldest place in Kenya?
Kenya is one of the hot African countries. This African country is warm to hot throughout the year and invites us to bathe at average water temperatures of 27 degrees.
The warmest and rainiest region is North-Eastern, awhile the coldest is Nyanza.
Does it snow in Ghana?
Even though Ghana is not Nigeria's neighboring country, there is no snow in the popular west African country.
It does not make snow in Ghana because of the location or position of the country because it is within the tropics. In addition, temperatures are never optimal for snow formation in Ghana.
Ghana's weather is determined by two air masses: a continental air mass and a tropical air mass.


text: The natural convection phenomena from a horizontal heated tube is investigated using Vintens ESPI, Video holographic interferometry and holography. Three different optical arrangements and the principle of gas temperature measurement are described. The experimental results obtained from the above techniques are compared with those from thermocouples. The comparison shows that they are consistent with each other. The sources of error which may affect the measurement are discussed and estimated qualitatively.


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Advert ID: 20006601
Senior Field Ecologist - Mallee Cliffs
Australian Wildlife Conservancy
~ Play a lead role in implementing a major conservation project ~
Australian Wildlife Conservancy (AWC) is Australia's largest private owner or manager of land for conservation, protecting threatened wildlife across more than 6 M ha. Our mission is the effective conservation of all Australian native species and the habitats in which they live.
In NSW, AWC has been contracted by the NSW Government to reintroduce up to 10 species of threatened mammals into Mallee Cliffs National Park in south-west NSW and 6 species into the Pilliga forest in north-central NSW. At Mallee Cliffs AWC has constructed the largest feral predator-free fenced area on mainland Australia (9,500 Ha), into which locally-extinct mammal species will be reintroduced. The reintroduction program commenced in 2019 with the release of the Greater Bilby and a further 7 species are scheduled for release in 2021.
AWC is also responsible for delivering conservation management and an associated science program including long-term ecological monitoring and research across the Park. In NSW, AWC also runs a reintroduction program at Scotia Wildlife Sanctuary, near Wentworth, a conservation science program at North Head, Sydney and post-fire recovery projects along the Great Dividing Range. This position may be required to assist with delivery of the regional program and elsewhere across AWC as required.
Reporting to the Senior Wildlife Ecologist at Mallee Cliffs , the Senior Field Ecologist will take a lead role in implementing AWC's on-ground science program at Mallee Cliffs. The role will involve delivery of the annual work plan including managing large field surveys, undertaking translocations of threatened mammals, co-ordinating and supervising staff, data management and reporting.
Applicants must be able to demonstrate strong leadership skills, an excellent work ethic and high standards of scientific integrity. A higher degree (Honours or equivalent) and at least 5 years of work experience in applied conservation biology or equivalent is essential. The successful applicant will have an established background in conducting ecological fieldwork with extensive experience in animal handling and a demonstrated capacity to lead a team of ecologists in the field. The position is based at Mildura, Victoria for an initial period of 2 years.
Key duties of the Senior Field Ecologist include:
This is an opportunity to join the science program of Australia's largest non-government conservation organisation and to make an important contribution to a nationally-significant applied ecology program.
How to apply:View details
Applications via: _URL_-awc/careers/
To submit an application, visit our careers page (linked above), select the relevant job vacancy, click 'APPLY' and follow the prompts.
Your application must include CV and covering letter, briefly addressing the critical competencies listed in the detailed job description on our website or attached. Applications that do not meet these requirements will not be accepted.
Closing date for applications: 30 November, 2020.
Position Description - Senior Field Ecologist NSW_Oct 2020.pdf


text:
A new study in Psychological Review suggests that we store our memories in patches and move between them in the same way that bees move between flowers. To improve your memory recall, you need to know when it's best to move from one patch to another.
We've talked about building a memory palace to improve your memory and this strategy takes a similar approach without all the work. Researcher Thomas Hills describes the process:
When faced with a memory task, we focus on specific clusters of information and jump between them like a bird between bushes. For example, when hunting for animals in memory, most people start with a patch of household pets-like dog, cat and hamster. But then as this patch becomes depleted, they look elsewhere.
The study found that the key to improving recall was knowing when to jump from one patch of information to another. If you stay too long or not long enough, you won't be able to recall the information. Basically, if you're trying to remember something and you take your mind to one patch of memories and don't find it, move on to another when you've finished foraging.
Title image remixed from an original by Guido Vrola.


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Millbuies Country Park
A favoured spot when I was a child, Millbuies Country Park (just known locally as Millbuies), is a beautiful place to go for a walk and not that far from the capital of Moray - Elgin - and the Glen Elgin Distillery. The main draw of the park is Millbuies Loch which is a man-made 16-acre fishery loch surrounded by steep hills with larch and conifer trees reflecting in the tranquil waters.
The loch was created by the original landowners by damming streams to create angling opportunities; the site was taken over by the Moray District Council in 1975 when it was gifted to Elgin. Fishing is now open to the public.
The Walk at Millbuies
Walking the lochside route is a fairly short circular route at 1.75 miles and could probably be done in 45 minutes at a leisurely pace. The walk is very sheltered with trees and high loch sides, the paths are gravel, and there are some steps. Unfortunately, the route is not suitable for wheelchairs.
Wildlife & Flowers
There is a wide variety of wildlife at Millbuies, and red squirrels are frequently seen jumping from the trees. Other inhabitants include roe deer, badgers, rabbits and the elusive pine martin. On the water, swans, moorhens, and mallard ducks go about their business. If you are very lucky, you can even watch Ospreys hunting for fish. I have often seen dragonflies here on many occasions. Along the well-trodden path are many plants, such as rhododendrons and azaleas, many of which have information boards if they catch your interest.
Millbuies is the perfect place for photography with a wide variety of subject matter on offer. Autumn is one of the best times to visit, with all the red and yellow leaves reflecting in the water.
The loch is about 10-20ft deep in areas and definitely a hidden gem for fly fishers in Moray / Scotland. Bank fishing is strictly disallowed; boats are available but must be pre-booked in advance, with keys being collected at the car park office. The fish stock contained in the loch includes Blues, Wild Brown Trout and Rainbow.
Car Park & Facilities
The dedicated free car park on-site at Millbuies is of a good size and includes an office, picnic benches and barbecue points. A large grassy area is also available for leisure activities.
Our last visit to Millbuies Country Park
We visited Millbuies at the start of June this year after a great walk to Glen Grant Distillery Gardens in Rothes. The car park was pretty quiet, and I noticed that there was now a coffee stall situated on the greens.
This visit was particularly special as there were hundreds of blue dragonflies buzzing all around the loch, especially on the far side. We took a slow walk around the main route and didn't follow the other paths leading to the other areas of Millbuies.
FAQs on Millbuies Country Park
How do I get to Millbuies?
Here are some directions from Elgin and Rothes.
Follow the A941 south, and you will see a sign marked Millbuies 1/2 mile on the left.
Turn left, then left again onto the minor road.
Look for the two signs for Millbuies, a green trout fishery sign and the white site.
Follow this road a short distance and turn left into the car park.
Leave Rothes travelling north towards Elgin on the A941 via the roundabout.
As you approach Fogwatt, look to the right for a junction with a sign marked "Millbuies 1/2 mile".
Follow this minor road for a short distance, and look to the right for a sign marked "Millbuies".
Continue on this road, and you will see the left turn to the main car park.
How can I book fishing at Millbuies?
Call 07960143498 or email _EMAIL_, a great deal more information can be found on their Moray Fly Fishing website. No shore fishing is permitted; only fly fishing from a boat is permitted.
Is there public transport to Millbuies?
You can catch a bus from Elgin to Fogwatt, and then it is a 10 - 15 minute walk south to Millbuies.
Is Millbuies suitable for disabled visitors?
No, the paths around the loch aren't suitable for wheelchairs.
Are there any other attractions near Millbuies?
Loch Na Bo is another lovely loch sidewalk further to the north east near Lhanbryde.
Millbuies video clips
Here are a few short video clips from Millbuies.
Key information on Millbuies Country Park
Millbuies Country Park is a small man-made fishery lake south of Elgin.
Streams were dammed in order to provide angling facilities.
A popular place for people looking for a short walk in nature.
There is a dedicated car park with picnic tables and barbecue points.
The walking route is unsuitable for wheelchairs and buggies.
The entire route can easily be walked in under an hour.
Millbuies Country Park is the perfect place for a quick walk in nature, only a stone's throw from the biggest settlement in Moray. Great for a short trip with the kids and the perfect location for a picnic or a mini escape on your lunch hour.
Claim Your Free 6 Day Travel Itinerary:
Simply enter your email and we'll send it your way!
Hi, please leave a comment below, or why not start a discussion on the forum?
12th of December 2021 @ 21:10:55
Millbuies is an exceptionally beautiful place to walk around. The paths are well-kept and every step of the way is rewarded with gorgeous views over the loch. Take a picnic and relax ... you won't regret it!


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Trends in Direct-to-Consumer Advertising of Prescription Contraceptives
CitationWu, Min. 2016. Trends in Direct-to-Consumer Advertising of Prescription Contraceptives. Doctoral dissertation, Harvard Medical School.
AbstractObjective: Despite much speculation about the role of direct-to-consumer advertising (DTCA) in increasing demand for prescription contraceptives in the United States, there is little published research on this topic. We sought to quantify the prevalence and magnitude of DTCA for prescription contraceptives over the last decade.
Methods: Using cross-sectional data from January 2005 through December 2014, we performed descriptive analyses on trends in DTCA expenditure for prescription contraceptives. We quantified the amount of DTCA by contraceptive method category and individual brand.
Results: During the study period, pharmaceutical companies spent a total of $1.57 billion in the United States on DTCA of prescription contraceptives. Annual expenditure for contraceptive DTCA reached a peak of $260 million in 2008, with a progressive decline to a nadir of $69 million by 2013. Of the contraceptive methods, oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) have been the most heavily promoted, with Yaz – the most advertised brand – accounting for $347 million of DTCA expenditure. However, DTCA spending on OCPs peaked in 2007 and was overtaken in 2012 by the DTCA of long-acting reversible contraceptives (LARCs), the method now receiving the largest amount of DTCA promotion.
Conclusions: Direct-to-consumer advertising is a major form of promotion for prescription contraceptives. Recent trends in DTCA expenditure indicate a shift from promotion of the OCPs to the LARCs. Direct-to-consumer advertising's effect on provider and patient utilization of various contraceptive methods has yet to be determined.
Citable link to this pagehttp://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:40620273


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Minecraft Wiki β
Tutorials/Installing a data pack
< Tutorials
Java Edition.png
These tutorials are meant to help you use data packs in Minecraft. Data packs allow players to customize command functions, loot tables, world structures, advancements, and recipes, which will change the actual game play. Before installing a data pack, you will first need to create one.
SingleplayerEdit
Here is how to install a data pack when in singleplayer:
 1. Download the data pack. It should be a .zip file or directory.
 2. Open Minecraft.
 3. Select your world, click on "Edit", then "Open world folder".
 4. Open the folder named datapacks, and put the data pack into it.
 5. Play the world, and type in /datapack
 6. If this doesn't work, type in /reload
MultiplayerEdit
Here is how to install a data pack when in multiplayer:
 1. Download the data pack. It should be a .zip file or directory.
 2. Open your server folder, then open worlds.
 3. Put the data pack into a folder named datapacks
 4. Assuming that you are at least operator level 4, type in /datapack.
 5. If this doesn't work, type /reload.
See alsoEdit
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Municipal Waste Diversion in Ontario Composting
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Municipal Waste Diversion in Ontario Composting Powered By Docstoc
 Recycling Technology Newsletter at CANMET-MMSL
From the July 1996 issue
Municipal Waste Diversion in Ontario
By Linda Varangu
Over the past years we have seen a public awakening to the concerns of managing solid waste. With total waste
quantities generated across the province of Ontario at around 10 000 000 tonnes per year, the diversion of some of
this waste would be welcome. The public has been well served by local municipal waste diversion programs such
as recycling programs, household hazardous waste programs, backyard composting programs, reuse centres, and
education on less wasteful and toxic alternatives. Through these various programs, Ontario residents were able to
divert an estimated 900 000 tonnes from landfills in 1994, with approximately 500 000 tonnes coming from the blue
box program.
The blue box program has become an institution in households across Ontario. Many blue box programs now
include materials such as textiles, different types of plastics, and household fine paper in addition to metal cans,
glass bottles, newspaper, and plastic bottles. 3.2 million households in Ontario (or 85%), now have access to
recycling programs. In various municipalities, pilot programs have demonstrated that householders can achieve
solid waste diversion of over 75% using a combination of reduction, reuse, composting, and recycling. Considering
that only a few years ago, even 50% diversion was considered unattainable, these diversion rates are remarkable.
Several years ago, federal and provincial governments set diversion goals of 50% by the year 2000. How likely is it
that Ontario municipalities will achieve this? Not very. Lately, the diversion rate for municipalities has reached a
plateau at 25-35%. Significant changes in waste diversion programs must be offered that include attention to the
organic stream if we are to go beyond this plateau. Instead of expanding waste diversion programs, however,
funding cuts may see the erosion of support for some programs currently offered by municipalities.
Many municipalities are now concentrating on activities that will enable them to run their programs as efficiently and
cost effectively as possible. One of the key objectives is to keep recycling operations costs as low or lower than
garbage collection costs. The strategy includes reducing operational costs and services, and increasing revenues
from materials sold through recycling programs.
By Pierrette King
COMPOSTING is an effective recycling strategy for turning otherwise unrecyclable organic wastes into a valuable
resource. It is estimated that approximately 40 to 70 percent of the total municipal solid waste stream could be
composted. Some examples of organic material that can be composted include fruit and vegetable scraps, tea bags
and coffee grounds, leaves and yard wastes, agricultural crop residues, paper products, sewage sludge, and wood.
Composting is a natural biological decomposition process by which microorganisms (primarily bacteria) break down
organic material. There are two types of composting processes (performed by different types of bacteria): aerobic
and anaerobic. Aerobic composting requires oxygen, while anaerobic composting takes place in an oxygendepleted environment. The by-products of anaerobic composting include volatile amines (which smell like rotten
fish), hydrogen sulphide (which smells like rotten eggs), and methane. The anaerobic process is not recommended
for backyard composting.
In addition to oxygen, aerobic microbial activity requires food (carbon for energy and nitrogen for protein building),
and adequate moisture and temperature. During the aerobic composting process, bacteria break down the organic
waste, and the pile gives off heat. The compost temperature should not be allowed to exceed 70°C, because most
microorganisms involved in composting die or become inactive above this temperature. When the compost no
longer generates heat, it is generally ready to be used.
Composting is, of course, not a new idea, but centralized composting facilities have only recently appeared in
government, institutions, and various rural settings. There are presently 162 composting facilities in Canada, of
which 112 are municipal and 50 are private. These facilities processed almost 700 000 tonnes of organic waste in
1994. There are three basic types of centralized aerobic composting methods:
 - the windrow method consisting of long triangular rows known as windrows, which are turned mechanically;
 - the aerated static pile method, which involves forming windrows over perforated pipes, and supplying air to
 the micro-organisms through the pipes rather than turning the compost; and
 - the in-vessel method, where the organic material is composted inside a drum, silo, agitated bed, covered or
 open channels, batch container, or other structure. The process conditions are closely monitored and
 controlled. The material is aerated and mechanically turned or agitated.
Standardized testing methods are needed that would certify the maturity and stability of different compost batches.
The quality of compost is largely defined by its intended use. High quality compost is used in agriculture,
horticulture, landscaping, and home gardening. Medium and low quality compost is used in erosion control,
roadside landscaping, as a landfill cover, and in land reclamation projects.


Why Is Paintball Fun?
Why should you play paintball?
Reasons to play paintball
 - SOCIAL. rnPaintball is a social game, it's a chance to get away from every life and spend some time with friends or developing new relationships.
 - ADRENALINE. rnPaintball provides such an adrenaline rush and a sense of adventure.
 - FUN.
Do paintballs really hurt?
Is paintball a good hobby?
Paintball is an active sport. While there are periods of sitting, hiding and waiting, there are lots of times to run, sprint, jump and move. It provides an excellent chance to get exercise and get your heart rate up. As long as you remember to stretch, then the exercise is always going to be great for your body.
You might be interested: Quick Answer: Where Can I Fill My Paintball Hpa Tank In Connecticut?
Can paintballs kill you?
How long do people paintball for?
The average game of paintball lasts around 15 minutes. There are some paintball games, such as speedball and capture the flag, that can be over in just a few minutes, and there are some specialty woodsball and rec ball games that can last up to 30+ minutes.
How do you treat a paintball bruise?
Here are some treatment tips to follow:
 1. Wash the affected area. Before administering treatment, wash a paintball bruise or welt with warm soapy water.
 2. Apply a warm or cold compress.
 3. Take over-the-counter pain medication.
 4. Elevate the affected area.
 5. Soak in Epsom salt.
 6. Topical natural remedies.
Can a 13 year old play paintball?
What hurts more a BB gun or a paintball gun?
After talking to many different airsoft and paintball players, I assessed which sport had more pain associated with getting shot. What I found: paintballs hurt more than airsoft BBs. Actually a LOT more. Both airsoft and paintball guns shoot around 300-400 fps.
You might be interested: FAQ: What Does A Longer Barrel Do To A Paintball Gun?
What should a girl wear to paintball?
What Girls Wear to Play Paintball
 - Sweatpants with leggings underneath.
 - Layers (tank top, long sleeve shirt, sweatshirt)
 - Padded bra or chest protector.
 - High ponytail or low braids.
 - Dark colors for camouflage.
 - Clothes that can get dirty.
 - Comfortable athletic shoes.
 - Flexible and padded gloves.
Is paintball an expensive hobby?
Yes, paintball can be an expensive sport or hobby. Paintballs themselves range in cost from 30-60 dollars per box. Many different costs go into playing paintball. It requires specific gear, clothing, and a paintball specific location.
What is the most expensive paintball gun?
Top 7 Most Expensive Paintball Guns of 2021
 - RAP4 Breda M37 8mm Paintball Machine Gun – $4,999.
 - RAP4 T68 M240 Paintball Machine Gun – $4,499.
 - Planet Eclipse Geo CSR – $1,795.
 - Planet Eclipse Geo CS1 – $1,595.
 - Dye M2 MOSAir – $1,595.
 - DLX Luxe Ice – $1,499.
 - Dye Assault Matrix DAM – $1,499.
Is paintball better than airsoft?
Can a paintball gun kill a rat?
Can a frozen paintball kill?
You might be interested: Where To Refill Co2 Tank Paintball?
Can a airsoft gun kill you?


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- Visit the Reserve
- The Conservancy
- Support SELC
- Gateway Park
Bird viewing along Santa Inez Trail during Wildlife Walks
San Elijo Lagoon Ecological Reserve is one of San Diego's largest coastal wetlands.
Naturalist-guided walks explore the ecology and history of the lagoon, and highlight plants and animals that depend on six distinct plant communities:
More than 700 species of plants and animals rest, eat, breed, and make their homes here. Birders will delight in discoveries of rare and migratory species in the reserve.
FREE, GUIDED WEEKEND WALKS
Please note: groups of 5 or more are requested to schedule a walk in advance (see below).
See Side Bar for Weekly and 2nd Saturday Walks.
GUIDED WALKS FOR SCOUTS AND COMMUNITY GROUPS
Designed for groups of 5 or more
Scouts and community groups can arrange for naturalist-led tours tailored to feature wildlife, plant communities, or native Kumeyaay culture of the lagoon. Please schedule at least one month in advance of desired date.
Days: Wednesday through Saturday
Times: 9 am–5 pm (Guided Walks are 1.5 hours)
Suggested Donation: $50
Donations toward environmental education programs enrich our docent training and educational materials. Thank you for your support of San Elijo Lagoon Conservancy.
Log on, and sign up for your desired walk: Calendar
Please contact Tara Fuad, Education Director
E: education [at] sanelijo [dot] org
P: _PHONE_
NATURALIST-LED WEEKEND WALKS
San Elijo Lagoon Guided Walks
Beginning at San Elijo Lagoon Nature Center, this easy walk provides an overview of San Elijo Lagoon's important features, and the connection of wetlands with our society. This walk is also great for birding and marine invertebrate sightings that provide an up-close view of life between the tides. The ¼-mile Nature Center Loop Trail is ADA-accessible. San Elijo Lagoon Conservancy naturalists lead these weekly walks.
Set out traversing coastal sagebrush with chaparral communities on the hills in the lagoon's south side. Underfoot are broken bits of shells, reminders of the native people who once lived here. You will see the freshwater marsh below, and if lucky, you might glimpse mule deer that reside in this eastern region of the Reserve.
ADOPT-A-CLASS FIELD TRIPS:
Summer Evening Walks
As the sun begins to descend over the ocean, some animals that live in San Elijo Lagoon emerge from daytime slumber. Explore the estuary as day becomes dusk with San Elijo Lagoon Conservancy docents. Enjoy the fragrance of sage-scrub on a warm evening. Search for mule deer emerging from naps and scan for night herons fishing for breakfast. Santa Carina trail has moderate inclines in some areas. It is helpful to have water and to dress comfortably.
Summer Evening Walks are free, and are made possible through membership support of San Elijo Lagoon Conservancy. Evening Walks occur 3rd Wednesdays from 5:30-7 pm, except September from 5-6:30 pm.
Summer Wildlife Walks
Focus your binoculars and cameras for incredible opportunities to see osprey, cormorants on the power poles at the inlet, waterfowl, and the rare Clapper Rail that nest in this area. This is San Elijo Lagoon's south side featuring riparian woodlands and coastal sage scrub, with intimate views of the salt marsh, all hosting a wide variety of birds and plants.
Fall Wildlife Walks
Enjoy a stroll through four distinct plant communities: from the shade of riparian woodlands, farther down to the marsh, along hillside chaparral and coastal sage scrub. Listen for the tapping of woodpeckers, or watch for mule deer grazing vegetation along creek banks.
Wildlife Walks are free, and are made possible through membership support of San Elijo Lagoon Conservancy. Wildlife Walks occur 2nd Saturdays from 9-11 am, rotating to a different trailhead every three months starting with Santa Inez, followed by Santa Carina, Rios Avenue, and La Orilla.
Family Discovery Days


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_URL_ Predicting patient survival of high -‐ risk surgeries Despite breakthroughs in surgical safety, some amount of risk will always exist. But for many high -‐ risk surgeries, choosing where to receive care can mean the difference between life and death. Given its potential impact on the health and well -‐ being of employees and their families, the quality of surgical ca re is also critically important to employers. Paying for surgeries through employer -‐ sponsored health insurance plans, these employers want nothing more than their valued workers back on their feet.
The Leapfrog Group, a national employer -‐ driven nonprofit watchdog organization, asks hospitals to report their performance each year and makes this information public, so health care consumers and purchasers can use it to compare hospitals and make the best choice for surgical care. The Leapfrog Hospital Survey focuses on four specific surgical procedures because they are both common and high -‐ risk, and the survival rates for these procedures vary widely across hospitals. Leapfrog calculates predicted survival rates, by hospital, for each type of surgery.


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August 9, 2011 > Slight decrease in number of homeless in county
Slight decrease in number of homeless in county
Unemployment continued to be cited as main cause of homelessness
Submitted By Robert Dolci and Jessica Scheiner
According to a report released the week beginning July 25, 2011, by Santa Clara County, on any given day 7,045 persons are homeless in the county compared to the 7,086 homeless individuals counted in 2009. However, as the economy continues to struggle, it is likely there will be an increase in the estimated number of residents who will become homeless at some point during 2011, even if only briefly.
Additionally, the number of long-term homeless (persons with many or long episodes of homelessness) increased from 2,270 in 2009 to 2,520 this year.
The biennial county-wide homeless census and survey was conducted by Santa Clara County in collaboration with the county's 15 cities and public and private partners. The census and survey are conducted to better understand the situation of the county's homeless residents and develop informed strategies to end homelessness. The Housing 1000 Campaign, for instance, seeks to identify the most vulnerable homeless individuals and help them secure permanent, supportive housing.
As the largest city in the county, San Jose has 57.3 percent of the county's homeless population. The cities of Gilroy, Santa Clara and Sunnyvale have the second (7.0 percent), third (5.3 percent), and fourth (5.6 percent) highest numbers of homeless residents, respectively.
During the nights of the census, 1,876 of the county's homeless persons were in a shelter or transitional housing. The most frequent reasons cited by those surveyed for not being sheltered was bed limitations at shelters (55 percent), alcohol/drug problems (18 percent), an inability to follow shelter rules (13 percent) and the absence of identification (8 percent). Approximately 40 percent of the 5,169 persons without shelter live on the street. The remainder live in cars, vans, RVs, motels, or buildings and facilities not meant for human habitation.
To obtain a better understanding of the characteristics of the county's homeless residents, 1,014 were interviewed between January 27, 2011 and March 26, 2011.
According to the survey results, the most frequent reason cited for persons becoming homeless was unemployment (27 percent) compared with 30 percent in 2009. Approximately 11 percent of those surveyed were currently employed - 9 percent were employed full-time and 2 percent were employed part-time. Thirty-nine percent (39 percent) of those surveyed cited the absence of a permanent address as an obstacle to securing employment, while 36 percent cited the need for employment training.
The report estimates that on any given night, Santa Clara County has a homeless veteran population of 667 persons, or 10 percent of the total nightly homeless count. This is a significant decrease from the 866 homeless veterans estimate in 2009.
Finally, the report indicates that on any given night, 874 persons in families are homeless in the county - a decrease of 14 percent since 2009.
A full copy of the "2011 Santa Clara County Homeless Census and Survey" can be found at _URL_ under "Hot Items."


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paintings can be very complex to deal with. Bark reacts to change in relative humidity and natural binders break down over time requiring consolidation (remedial work to prevent peeling paint and ensure the paint is stuck down on the bark). Treatments vary because natural ochres often react differently to the consolidant adhesives used as a binder. This can cause colour change and staining to the painting.
Some of the paint on this work has been extensively worn down, while the remaining paint is partially stable. Therefore, a consolidant will be applied in selected areas where the paint appears to be lifting or crumbling – a very delicate, time-consuming process.
Display of bark paintings is relatively straightforward, but requires care and sensitivity to minimise the risk of further damage.


The differences between sixth form and university
When you get to university, you expect a lot of things to be different from the sixth form. However, some of those things might surprise you. Here are a few differences that the prospectus didn't tell you about.
At university (unlike at sixth form) no one will tell you what to do!
A big difference between sixth form and uni is that unlike at sixth form, you will not be told which parts of your class are important. Neither your lecturer nor your teacher will tell you what you should be writing down. Instead, they will lecture and you will have to scribble away, hoping you have got the important bits covered. In no other aspect of your university education will you be told what to do – unless you ask. No more letters coming home to your parents, or assemblies – it's every student for themselves.
Referencing everything is a huge difference between sixth form and university
The sixth form may or may not have introduced you to this ghastly and frankly evil ritual that is referencing. Regardless, you will have to get used to it! It is basically this horrible stage in the already horrible event of having to write a 4000-word assignment. You are physically unable to write a single word without having referenced the author who wrote that word prior to you including it in your essay, the date that it was originally published, the page number in which you found said quote and the publisher who so kindly published the book in which you are now referencing.
A big difference between sixth form and university is that you will live in the library!
The library of a university will have everything you could possibly need as a student: a place to study quietly, computers, sofas that are just about comfortable enough to sleep on and food. Thus, you will live in the library – what possible reason would you have to leave? Oh yes, lectures of course!
Books piled up and crammed into a room or library
Living hand-to-mouth is a real thing that happens
Many students struggle to handle their finances at university and money becomes really tight. The assumption is parties every night and living it up all the time. However, the truth is that this gets expensive very quickly and soon you will have to figure out your priorities. If this is the case, take some time to budget properly for the essentials and if necessary go speak to the professionals on hand at the university to help you manage your money and finances.
All this can come as a real shock to start but don't worry, we're all in the same boat and you will get used to it.
More articles from Unichoices


Kernel is Trivial iff Monomorphism/Group
From ProofWiki
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Theorem
Let $\phi: \struct {S, \circ} \to \struct {T, *}$ be a group homomorphism.
Let $\map \ker \phi$ be the kernel of $\phi$.
Then $\phi$ is a group monomorphism if and only if $\map \ker \phi$ is trivial.
Proof
Necessary Condition
Let $\phi: \struct {S, \circ} \to \struct {T, *}$ be a group monomorphism.
By Homomorphism to Group Preserves Identity, $e_S \in \map \ker \phi$.
If $\map \ker \phi$ contained another element $s \ne e_S$, then $\map \phi s = \map \phi {e_S} = e_T$ and $\phi$ would not be injective, thus not be a group monomorphism.
So $\map \ker \phi$ can contain only one element, and that must be $e_S$, which is therefore the trivial subgroup of $S$.
$\Box$
Sufficient Condition
Now suppose $\map \ker \phi = \set {e_S}$.
Then, for any $x, y \in S$:
\(\ds \map \phi x\) \(=\) \(\ds \map \phi y\)
\(\ds \leadsto \ \ \) \(\ds \map \phi x * \paren {\map \phi y}^{-1}\) \(=\) \(\ds \map \phi y * \paren {\map \phi y}^{-1}\) Group Axiom $\text G 3$: Existence of Inverse Element
\(\ds \leadsto \ \ \) \(\ds \map \phi {x \circ y^{-1} }\) \(=\) \(\ds e_T\) Definition of Morphism Property
\(\ds \leadsto \ \ \) \(\ds x \circ y^{-1}\) \(\in\) \(\ds \map \ker \phi\) Definition of Kernel of Group Homomorphism
\(\ds \leadsto \ \ \) \(\ds x \circ y^{-1}\) \(=\) \(\ds e_S\) by hypothesis
\(\ds \leadsto \ \ \) \(\ds x\) \(=\) \(\ds e_S \circ y\) Group Axiom $\text G 2$: Existence of Identity Element
\(\ds \leadsto \ \ \) \(\ds x\) \(=\) \(\ds y\) Definition of Identity Element
Thus $\phi$ is injective, and therefore a group monomorphism.
$\blacksquare$
Sources


Mark's Sitecore Blog
Why silent saving with a processing server is a bad idea
This post highlights why silent saving, EventDisabler or using BulkUpdateContext can lead to inconsistent data on a multi-CM environment i.E. when using a processing server.
Silent saving
Silent saving or using BulkUpdateContext will prevent firing an item:saving and item:saved event when Items are written through code. This can for example speed up imports where many items are written to the database.
Example:
var item = Database.GetDatabase("master").GetItem("/sitecore/content/home");
item.Editing.BeginEdit();
item["Some Field"] = $"Updated: {DateTime.Now}";
item.Editing.EndEdit(true); // true enables silent saving
This will update the field and will not trigger any index update nor any other item:saved / item:saving pipeline events.
The first issue here is that the updated field will most likely not be visible on your site or in content editor. This is because your data is already cached in one of Sitecore's several caching layers. After silent saving, the item won't be cleared from these layers.
A hacky workaround is to manually clear the items from cache after saving. This might work on a single-CM-environment but as soon as multiple CM instances are in place, there will be trouble.
Cache clearing across multiple instances
Sitecore uses an event queue to communicate item changes with all servers connected to the database. When CM1 changes an item, it is cleared from cache of CM2 through the item:saved:remote event. This is not the case when silent saving! CM2 will never learn of any changes on CM1 and if an author changes the item on CM2, the changes from CM1 will be overwritten.
silent-saving-race-condition
This is just a simplified example. I saw these issues at a client where the layout field was being updated through a batch job on the processing instance. When authors would update these items it lead to completely corrupted layout fields.
How to get around these issues
In most cases, I would just simply not use silent saving, EventDisabler or BulkUpdateContext when more than one CM instance is present. This will make bulk updates a bit slower but data consistency is usually a higher priority.
In cases where indexing needs to be disabled during bulk updates, try
IndexCustodian.PauseIndexing();
IndexCustodian.ResumeIndexing();
but bear in mind that this will disable indexing on the entire instance.
Another workaround could be to implement a custom remote event that will clear the changed items from cache. This post documents how custom events can be implemented.
Conclusion
In a setup where a processing instance or generally where more than one CM instance are present, these issues need to be considered.
If you need to add a processing instance to an existing setup, it is important to analyze the existing code base and make alterations if silent saving, EventDisabler or BulkUpdateContext are used.
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|Dr. Muge Akpinar-Elci will head the World Health Organization collaborating center at St. George's University through 2016.|
Through education, service, and research, the St. George's University Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine (DPHPM), chaired by Dr. Omur Cinar Elci, has aimed to promote public health both regionally and internationally. Its efficacy and impact were acknowledged on August 10, 2012, when it was designated as a World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Center on Environmental and Occupational Health, the first of its kind in the Caribbean.
This prestigious designation is for a period of four years, and will be headed by Dr. Muge Akpinar-Elci, associate professor and track director for environmental and occupational health in the DPHPM. The Department was informed of the distinction by Dr. Merta Roses Periago, director of the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO).
"This historical achievement is the outcome of exceptional hard work and collective vision of the DPHPM team," Dr. Omur Cinar Elci said. "My team and I would like to present this success as our contribution to the people of Grenada and the Caribbean. With this designation, SGU and Grenada has become a regional hub on environmental and occupational health, which emerged at the beginning of the 21st century as one of the most critical public health issues around the world."
Dr. Elci initiated the idea to establish a collaborating center in 2009. The formal application, filed in 2010, was supported by the Grenada Ministry of Health and PAHO's Caribbean Program Coordinator's office in Barbados.
"SGU is very proud of the designation of the DPHPM as a WHO collaborating center which aligns so well with the University's mission to become an international center of excellence," said Dr. Cal Macpherson, vice provost for international program development at SGU. "We recognize the hard work done by the DPHPM team and its collaborators in achieving this recognition and wish Dr. Muge Akpinar-Elci and her team all the best in meeting the centers' objectives and commitments."
WHO collaborating centers are designated by the WHO Director-General to implement activities in support of WHO's programs. The centers are beneficial to both WHO and the regional countries; WHO gains access to top centers worldwide and receives the institution's support to the global health initiatives. In return, the centers receive visibility and recognition by national and international authorities. WHO affiliation helps collaborating centers to develop partnerships with other institutions, which can help generate resources from funding partners.
The SGU WHO collaborating center is committed to contribute to WHO's strategic program in a number of ways, including: to assess and manage occupational safety and health hazards; to collaborate with WHO in developing evidence-based research from occupational health perspective on emerging issues, including environmental health problems and climate change; to provide expertise and potential for developing and disseminating curricula, training materials and training for occupational health capacity building in the Caribbean region; and to contribute towards the implementation of the Global Plan of Action on Workers' Health and collaborate with other collaborating centers to achieve defined outcomes.
The DPHPM through its faculty, students and community partners have included a significant environmental and occupational health component to its teaching, research, service and scholarly activities. Over the last few years the DPHPM led several environmental related research programs including occupational health among nutmeg workers and health care workers, renewable energy, land degradation, food and water borne diseases and zoonotic diseases.
The DPHPM will continue to advance its work to address the environmental and occupational health needs of the Caribbean region. The DPHPM would like to thank its collaborators, who have supported its work including the Windward Islands Research and Education Foundation (WINDREF) through which all of its research and service as well as funding activities are administered. The DPHPM looks forward to continuing the work with all of its partners as well as invite all interested stakeholders to join its WHO collaborating center for the benefit of the Caribbean region.
Published on 8/28/12