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How do you write text over arrows in LaTeX?
Text over arrow is an important expression, which we constantly use chemistry or in different fields. Multiple packages and commands are present to print this expression into a latex document.
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{mathtools,halloweenmath}
\begin{document}
 $$ \underleftarrow{abc} \; \underleftrightarrow{abcdr}\;\underrightarrow{abc} $$
 $$ \xleftarrow{chem} \; \xrightarrow{physi} $$
 % use of halloweenmath package
 $$ \underscriptleftarrow{abc}\; \underscriptleftrightarrow{abc}\; \underscriptrightarrow{abc} $$
\end{document}
Output :
Text over Arrow.
amsmath package has the same command as stix package. However, in this case there are some structural changes in the shape of the arrow.
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{stix}
\begin{document}
 $$ \underleftarrow{pqr} \; \underleftrightarrow{pqr}\;\underrightarrow{pqr} $$
 $$ \underleftarrow{physics} \; \underleftrightarrow{math}\;\underrightarrow{chemistry} $$
\end{document}
Output :
Text over Arrow stix package.
You will see the use of \xrightarrow command for this expression in different latex books or online documents, which is available in the amsmath and mathtools package.
But, I think it's not a best practices.
Write text over double arrow in LaTeX
Notice the program below, where the \xLeftarrow and \xRightarrow commands are used for left and right double arrows.
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{mathtools}
\begin{document}
 $$ \xLeftarrow{use}\; \xLeftrightarrow{double} \xRightarrow{arrow} $$
 $$ \xLeftarrow{f(x)}\; \xLeftrightarrow{g(x)} \xRightarrow{f^1(x)} $$
 $$ A \xRightarrow{\Delta}\;B \xRightarrow{\Delta} C $$
 $$ \xLeftrightarrow{g^1(x)} $$
\end{document}
Output :
Text over double arrow.
However, the point is that you have used this command before, but latex is case sensitive so in both cases the spelling of the command is the same but the work will be different.
Write text over harpoons in LaTeX
There are structural differences between harpoon and common arrow. One side of the harpoon is like an arrow, and the opposite side is like a normal line.
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{mathtools}
\begin{document}
 $$ \xleftharpoondown{xyz} \;\xrightharpoondown{xyz} $$
 $$ \xleftharpoonup{zyx} \;\xrightharpoonup{zyx} $$
 $$ \xleftrightharpoons{xyz}\;\xrightleftharpoons{xyz} $$
\end{document}
Output :
Text over harpoon arrow.
Write text above and below arrow in LaTeX
If you want to use text at the above and below of an arrow at the same time, the chemarrow package is best practice. For example
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{chemarrow}
\begin{document}
 $$ A + B \; \autorightarrow{m}{h}\;C $$
 $$ D \; \autoleftarrow{a}{h}\;M + N $$
 $$ A + B \;\autorightleftharpoons{m}{h}\; C + D $$
\end{document}
Output :
Text above and below arrow.
You can add text under each arrow bypassing the text as an optional argument with each text over arrow command in the mathtools package.
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{mathtools}
\begin{document}
 $$ \xleftarrow[qrs]{pqr} \; \xrightarrow[qrs]{pqr} $$
 $$ \xhookleftarrow[pqr]{qrs} \; \xhookrightarrow[pqr]{qrs} $$
 $$ \xLeftarrow[pqr]{abc} \; \xRightarrow[pqr]{abc} $$
 $$ B + HNO_3\;\xrightarrow[\Delta]{H_2SO_4}\; H_3BO_3 + NO_2 $$
\end{document}
Output :
Text above and below arrow.
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Md Jidan Mondal
LaTeX expert with over 10 years of experience in document preparation and typesetting. Specializes in creating professional documents, reports, and presentations using LaTeX.
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parakeet in a nest box
Do Parakeets need a nest box? ( Rest, Sleep, Breeding )
If you're preparing to get a pet parakeet, you may be pondering over whether or not your parakeet needs a nest or nest box. Knowing what to buy and what not to buy for a new pet, especially a pet that is not as common as a cat or a dog, can be perplexing.
The question is, does a domestic parakeet that has all the comforts of life provided by a human caretaker really need a nest? Do they sleep in one, breed in one?
Parakeets need a nest for breeding, resting, and privacy. Domestic parakeets do not build nests, so one will need to be provided for them in captivity. In the wild parakeets will use hollow trees and other places to rest. Breeding parakeets need a special nesting box, a place where they can lay eggs and protect them.
What kind of nest does a parakeet need?
In the wild, the majority of parakeets build their nests in holes in trees. However, the Monk Parakeet builds a bulky stick nest in the branches of a tree, for sleeping in and for raising its young.
In captivity, nothing this elaborate—or traditionally nest-y—is necessary. Parakeets are low maintenance birds and do not require a conventional nest; they simply need somewhere for privacy and rest.
Your parakeet will be happy with a small enclosure inside its cage that it can go inside, be unseen, and get some sleep. An excellent choice is a small hut with a soft sleeping mat inside.
wild parakeet nesting
What does a pet Parakeet need besides a nest?
First, the bigger the parakeet cage, the better. Opt for the largest enclosure in your budget and that you have space for in your home. The cage should be no smaller than 18" x 18" x 24" and should have several perches for your parakeet to stand on.
We like the Prevue Hendryx Cage from Amazon ( Link )
Line the aviary with bedding made of recycled paper, or you can use a specific cage liner. Replace the lining no less than every other day; parakeets despise an untidy living environment.
Place your parakeet's cage below eye level and away from the kitchen and any windows. Parakeets have a sensitivity to smoke and strong odors, so they should be kept safely away from anywhere they could be exposed to such irritants. A nest box is another way to escape the bright light or sunshine.
Your parakeet also needs food, water, and toys in their cage.
A parakeet should eat a balanced diet of pellets, bird seed blend, fresh fruits and vegetables, treats, and plenty of water, which should be changed every day.
The types of toys parakeets enjoy playing with are bells, chew toys, puzzles, creative/fun perches, ladders, and swings.
A cuttlebone is also something important for a parakeet to have in their cage. Parakeets use cuttlebones to smooth their growing beak, almost like a nail file for humans. It also provides nutrients that are otherwise difficult for your parakeet to get in their diet.
Some people have concerns about letting their parakeets have cuttlebones, but it's a 100% natural product; it's the endoskeleton, or inner bone, of a cuttlefish. The Humane Society has ruled that it is entirely safe for parakeets to have cuttlebones.
Parakeets Sleeping Habits
In captivity, parakeets typically sleep on the same schedule as their caretakers and nap during the day, much like cats or dogs. However, parakeets are a bit finicky over sleeping conditions, and there are a few things that will affect the quality of a parakeet's sleep:
 - Parakeets don't like total darkness—Either get them a night light or don't cover their cage completely at night.
 - Parakeets scare easily by loud noises—Make sure they have somewhere quiet to rest and try not to make loud, abrupt sounds while they're sleeping.
 - Parakeets do not like messy cages—Clean their cage regularly, or you will get some sass from your parakeet.
 - Parakeets do not like it too cold or too hot—Keep the temperature in their cage environment from 70°-80°F.
Other than that, it's quite simple, parakeets like a quiet, private, warm place to cuddle up and sleep. As long as you've provided a comfortable nest for your parakeet and you make sure that it has prime sleeping conditions, your parakeet should rest easily.
You should make sure that your parakeet gets enough rest (9-12 hours per day) because it will get cranky if it doesn't. A soft sleeping nest like the Keeris Soft nest box on Amazon will provide a safe, warm, and dark place to rest or sleep.
parakeet in a nest
Do you need a nest or nest box to breed Parakeets?
Yes, parakeets can breed in captivity. It's not very difficult. Under the optimal conditions, parakeets will breed with little encouragement from their caretakers.
Two parakeets of the opposite sex in a cage together will typically pair up, but if it does not happen right away, give it a few days before intervening.
Some pairs of parakeets chosen to mate will fail to bond after having been stuck in a cage together. It's common for a fail-bond pair to be defensive and hostile towards one another. In this case, take a step back and reconsider your matchmaking. Re-pair your parakeets and try again.
Breeding Season
The parakeet mating season is during the wet spring season and the summer. Still, parakeets in the northern United States breed during the entire year. However, they do need daylight hours to trigger the mating instinct.
Breeding Age
Parakeets mature to breeding age at around six months, but you shouldn't breed them until at least ten months. You should not breed a parakeet at six months because they aren't ready to be good parents just because they have reached physical maturity; they still have brain development to finish, and they need to reach mental maturity, which doesn't happen until at least ten months.
Nesting Requirements
A parakeet breeding cage's dimensions should be no less than 25" x 15" x 15". The breeding pair should be in this cage alone, away from all the other parakeets. The breeding cage should have all of the cage amenities detailed in the sections above, plus a nesting box, which you should affix to the side of the cage.
Just as with nests, in the wild, parakeets breed in holes in trees. For successful breeding in captivity, you need to simulate a hole in a tree—nesting boxes made of wood with holes for the parakeets to enter and exit work perfectly for this.
PINVNBY Parakeet Nest Box Bird House Budgie Wood Breeding Box for Lovebirds, Parrotlets Mating Box (M: inch)
 in stock
as of August 5, 2021 08:18
You should line the inside of the nesting box with something for the female to lay her eggs on, such as soft nesting material.
Some parakeets won't use the nesting box and will lay eggs on the floor of their cage. You can teach your parakeet to use the nesting box by placing her eggs inside the nesting box to show her that's where she should lay her eggs in the future.
Parakeet Nesting Behaviors
When your parakeet becomes a parent, its behavior will likely change. Like any parent in the animal kingdom, parakeets experience the natural instinct to protect their young. Hormones that parakeets begin to release when protecting their eggs cause them to display increased aggression rather commonly.
You should avoid handling your parakeet during this stage of early parenthood. Over time, the hormones will subside. Your parakeet will return to the personality it had before becoming a parent; it may even allow you to play with its babies.
Final Thoughts
A nest is a place where your parakeet can feel safe and secure. They will not build one so remember to buy a suitable nest box or build one yourself if you want you parakeet to relax and enjoy their home.


te options: model: JobeetJob type: object method_for_criteria: doSelectActive param: { module: job.
So. you have plenty of free time and enough knowledge to implement this all by yourself! Let's make an exercise of it.Link to the Category Page Now. wait a minute. But. Check back tomorrow for our implementation. the hour is not yet over and we haven't worked that much. let's add a link to the category page on the homepage and create the category page. .
Ready? Let's talk about a possible implementation.yml category: url: /category/:slug class: sfPropelRoute param: { module: category. debugging. And it is mandatory if you removed the default routing rules. and custom configuration. The Category Route First. it is a good practice to first think about the URL and create the associated route.some HTML code -->
 <?php echo link_to($category. And we finished with a little challenge for today. A route can use any column from its related object as a parameter.Part 7 Yesterday you expanded your knowledge of symfony in a lot of different areas: querying with Propel. It can also use any other value if there is a related accessor defined in the object class. Because the slug parameter has no corresponding column in the category table. type: object } Whenever you start implementing a new feature. } The Category Link Now. edit the indexSuccess. we need to add a virtual accessor in JobeetCategory to make the route works: // lib/model/JobeetCategory. $category) ?>
 .php template of the job module to add the link to the category page: <!-. 'category'.php public function getSlug() { return Jobeet::slugify($this->getName()). I hope you worked on the Jobeet category page as today's tutorial will then be much more valuable for you. routing. action: show } options: { model: JobeetCategory. fixtures. Add it at the beginning of the routing file: # apps/frontend/config/routing. we need to add a route to define a pretty URL for the category page.

 <?php endif. } . The link contains the number of jobs not displayed. $category) ?> more. $criteria->add(JobeetJobPeer::CATEGORY_ID.some HTML code -->
 <?php if (($count = $category->countActiveJobs() sfConfig::get('app_max_jobs_on_homepage')) > 0): ?>
 and <?php echo link_to($count. For this template to work. ?>
 We only add the link if there are more than 10 jobs to display for the current category.<!-. $this->getId()).php class JobeetJobPeer extends BaseJobeetJobPeer { static public function getActiveJobs(Criteria $criteria = null) { return self::doSelect(self::addActiveJobsCriteria($criteria)).php public function countActiveJobs() { $criteria = new Criteria(). } static public function addActiveJobsCriteria(Criteria $criteria = null) { if (is_null($criteria)) { $criteria = new Criteria(). 'category'. } static public function countActiveJobs(Criteria $criteria = null) { return self::doCount(self::addActiveJobsCriteria($criteria)). we need to add the countActiveJobs() method to JobeetCategory: // lib/model/JobeetCategory..php file with the following code: // lib/model/JobeetJobPeer. } The countActiveJobs() method uses a countActiveJobs() method that does not exist yet in JobeetJobPeer. return JobeetJobPeer::countActiveJobs($criteria). ?>
 <?php endforeach.. Replace the content of the JobeetJobPeer.
The first time a piece of code is re-used. That's a typical workflow when working on a symfony project. we have tried to put it in the right layer of the application and we have also tried to make the code reusable. you should see 10 (the max_jobs_on_homepage setting): . In the process. } } As you can see for yourself. Criteria::GREATER_THAN). But if you find another use for it. you need to refactor all uses to a shared function or a method. instead of using doSelect() and then count the number of results. we have also refactored some existing code. In the following screenshot we are showing 5 jobs to keep it short. time(). we have used the much faster doCount() method. just for this simple feature. $criteria->addDescendingOrderByColumn(self::CREATED_AT). } static public function doSelectActive(Criteria $criteria) { return self::doSelectOne(self::addActiveJobsCriteria($criteria)). We have changed a lot of files. as we have done here.$criteria->add(self::EXPIRES_AT. copying the code may be sufficient. But each time we have added some code. In the countActiveJobs() method. return $criteria. we have refactored the whole code of JobeetJobPeer to introduce a new shared addActiveJobsCriteria() method to make the code more DRY (Don't Repeat Yourself).
Job Category Module Creation It's time to create the category module: $ php symfony generate:module frontend category .
$this->setSlug(Jobeet::slugify($name)). Update the Database We need to add a slug column for the category table: # config/schema. and because we cannot deduce the category name from the slug. there is no way to find the category associated with the slug. you have probably used the propel:generate-module. Each time the category name changes.class.php class categoryActions extends sfActions . index: unique } Now that slug is a real column.yml propel: jobeet_category: id: ~ name: { type: varchar(255). the category route will have to find the category associated with the request slug variable. Replace the content of the category actions file with the following code: // apps/frontend/modules/category/actions/actions.php public function setName($name) { parent::setName($name). required: true } slug: { type: varchar(255). Let's override the setName() method: // lib/model/JobeetCategory. and repopulate the database with our fixtures: $ php symfony propel:build-all-load --no-confirmation We have now everything in place to create the executeShow() method. When accessing the category page. But as the slug is not stored in the database. That's fine but as we won't need 90% of the generated code. I have used the generate:module which creates an empty module. but as the main subject of the category page is a category. we need to compute and change the slug as well. you need to remove the getSlug() method from JobeetCategory.If you have created a module. Why not add a category action to the job module? We could. it feels more natural to create a dedicated category module. } Use the propel:build-all-load task to update the database tables. required: true.
A partial is just another template that starts with an underscore (_). sprintf('Jobs in the %s category'. 'job_show_user'. you can also remove the automatically generated indexSuccess. Time to learn a new trick. The last step is to create the showSuccess. A partial is a snippet of template code that can be shared among several templates. $category>getName())) ?>

 Feed

<?php echo $category ?>

 <?php foreach ($category->getActiveJobs() as $i => $job): ?> <tr class="<?php echo fmod($i. When you need to reuse some portion of a template.css') ?> <?php slot('title'.


MaxLevel Property
Maximum level of genetic trees, [1, 50].
Namespace: AForge.Genetic
Assembly: AForge.Genetic (in AForge.Genetic.dll) Version: 2.2.4.0 (2.2.4.0)
Syntax
C#
public static int MaxLevel { get; set; }
Remarks
The property sets maximum possible depth of genetic programming tree, which may be created with mutation and crossover operators. This property guarantees that genetic programmin tree will never have higher depth, than the specified value.
Default value is set to 5.
See Also


text:
The Epitome of Grace and Elegance!
The Pair of Mute Swans Canvas is an outstanding Feng Shui-related canvas that captures the love and affection between swans. Living in their natural habitat, the swans are considered to be a symbol of purity, love, elegance, and grace. Their elongated neck and white feathers and a bright orange beak make them look gorgeous.
Their beauty has been captured well in the Pair of Mute Swans Canvas. Since swan is a symbol of love, the canvas can be gifted to newlywed couples or hung in the bedroom to keep the romance alive. According to Feng Shui philosophy, they also represent inner beauty, so it is perfect for those who want to re-learn how to love themselves!
ABOUT the ART
Impressionism is the 19th-century art movement that is now known for its vast collection of oil paintings. The identification of these paintings can be done by observing small and thin brush strokes. Generally, Impressionist paintings had an open composition and depicted light in an accurate manner.
It was developed by French artists. The famous Impressionist artists of this period, such as Claude Monet and Edgar Degas broke the conventional rules of art and captured light and movement in their own unconventional manner. This movement changed the course of art history.
SPECIFICATIONS and FEATURES
- Dimensions (Dia): Small- 30cm, Medium- 40cm, Large- 50cm
- Material: Canvas
- Technique: Digital Printing
- Sold with Wooden Frame with Gold Ring Frame
- Matte Finish
- Clean design and elegant look
- High quality
- Durable Art Work
- Handle with Care
GIFT BOX CONTAINS
The Gift Box that the Artment sends consists of the Pair of Mute Swans Canvas with a triple layering of bubble-wrap and safely packed in a box.
- The Pair of Mute Swans Canvas is a beautiful addition to your surrealist type home decor
- The wall art can be paired with lively greens and a plain backdrop to ensure their beauty pops
- Display the wall art on a wall with pastel colors to enhance the look of the space
- When paired with gold elements, the wall art shall become an eye-catching element of the decor
- The wall art is a perfect piece for bedrooms and private spaces

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
LEADBETTER POINT — Grassy Island, an uninhabited island just east of the northern tip of Leadbetter Point on the Long Beach Peninsula, is the scene of a smoky fire Friday night.
According to a fire management plan drafted by the island's owner, the Willapa National Wildlife Refuge, the refuge's Leadbetter Unit has several hundred acres of young to mature lodgepole pine (shore pine) on the peninsula tip that continues to spread north and westward, and a small area of lodgepole pine on Grassy Island. The oldest lodgepole pine trees are approximately 80 years old, although most of the lodgepole pine on the refuge is much younger than 80 years.
Natural-caused fires are said to be infrequent in the maritime climate of lodgepole pine, but there was a significant fire on the island in July 2006 that scorched about 50 acres. The refuge notes that human-caused fires can be much more frequent in lodgepole pine due to public use occurring in and near this forest type. The 2006 fire was believed at the time to have been human caused.
Grassy Island is primarily accessible by boat from the bay; although it can be reached by foot from the peninsula by wading a shallow channel at low tide. No residences are closer than a mile from Leadbetter Point's southern boundary.
At the time of the last fire, two helicopters were called in to drop water on the island. There was no immediate information available Friday night about whether or when fire-suppression efforts may begin this time.
Grassy Island is a sanctuary for hundreds of seabirds of many species.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Walnut Sheller Machine Introduction
Our walnut sheller machine is specially designed for removing the hard shell from the walnuts. Different kinds of walnuts have different production and integrity rate, but we can adjust the speed to offer you the most integrate walnuts.
Walnut Sheller Machine Features
1. The whole machine integrates shelling and separating walnut flesh from shells into one.
2. High walnut flesh integrity about 98% and high shelling efficiency.
3. Suitable for walnut businessmen whose processing capacity is 4-5t/d.
4. Compact structure, convenient to transport and operate.
1. Rich in nutrients: multiple microelements like calcium, phosphorus, and iron; vitamins like carotene and riboflavin.
2. With medical effects such as improving blood circulation, moistening dryness and resolving phlegm.
3. Supply nourishment to the brain. A glass of walnut milk a day will bring you a sober brain to work.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
What does SOOT stand for?
What does SOOT mean? This page is about the various possible meanings of the acronym, abbreviation, shorthand or slang term: SOOT.
We've found a total of 1 definition for SOOT:
What does SOOT mean?
- carbon black, lampblack, soot, smut, crock(verb)
- a black colloidal substance consisting wholly or principally of amorphous carbon and used to make pigments and ink


text:
The Treetop Walk Fyresdal, Telemark bridge design Norway, Norwegian structure, Nordic architecture images
The Treetop Walk in Fyresdal
14 June 2023
Location: Hamaren Activity Park, Fyresdal, Norway
Photos by Rasmus Hjortshøj
The Treetop Walk, Norway
The Treetop Walk is a one kilometer long and two meters wide plank boardwalk extends on pillars all the way from the forest floor, along lake Fyresvatn, up between the treetops, along the mountain ridge and up to the summit of Klokkarhamaren. At the end of the trail, a considerable circular viewpoint with a diameter of 50 meters provides a spectacular 360-degree view over the pine forest, clear lakes and rock formation that make up the natural landscape.
"The real task before us was to reconnect people with nature and create a design that would enhance the experience of the visitors – taking them on a slow and poetic walk through the forest canopy, culminating in a rush of excitement as they take in a scenic view of lake against sky at 60 meters above lake water level. Although it is a small gesture in the bigger picture, we hope that granting people free and universal access to experience the sublime nature of this site, can serve as an example for others." explained Tue Foged, one of the two founders of Copenhagen-based EFFEKT.
The wooden boardwalk structure is carefully designed as a response to the curvature of the mountain, sometimes following the mountain's ridges and slopes, and sometimes bending out, creating viewpoints and dramatic drops where visitors can feel the wind in the treetops.
The walking trail, which is universally designed with a gentle incline, is suitable for pedestrians, cyclists, pushchairs and wheelchairs. It grew out of a heartfelt desire to give all people, regardless of physical abilities, the sensational feeling of walking amongst the treetops, according to Monica Sølyst, Project Lead at Faun Naturforvaltning.
"This is a great day for Faun Naturforvaltning and for Fyresdal Municipality! We have led this process since 2017 and it is extraordinary to see our idea come to life. EFFEKT quickly understood our idea and designed the Treetop Walk, ensuring a spectacular experience for all. The design and structure is beyond our wildest dreams! The Treetop Walk has already put Fyresdal on the map and we are looking forward to visits from near and far." Said Sølyst.
The loadbearing structure as well as the boardwalk and railing are made from locally sourced pinewood. This way the structure literally blends in with existing pine trees on the mountain, sometimes giving the visual impression that the boardwalk levitates through the forest.
To fulfill the vision of creating an experience that would add to the already beautiful natural setting and not destroy it, the EFFEKT team met up with local contractor Inge Aamlid. Together they invented a simple wooden building system that is used throughout the whole tree-top walk.
It uses only small and straight pre-fabbed elements, that can easily be handled with small machinery and by hand on site, to protect the nature during the building process. When joined together the segments form an organic shape that bends around the trees and along the mountain. The building system made it possible for Aamlid to build the recreational walkway on location, using local timber and local craftsmanship techniques, nodding to the logging era in Fyresdal.
"We developed the design of the treetop walk during the pandemic lockdown, which meant no site visits. Instead, we had to send over GPS coordinates from topographic maps to Fyresdal Municipality who in turn took pictures of the landscape, allowing us to adjust the route according to the learnings from the actual site. The process resulted in 3D-models, which enabled our local contractor to build the design of the boardwalk very precisely in the challenging terrain. We are quite amazed with the result of this beautiful co-creation process with Fyresdal Municipality and the local contractor!" Said Foged.
The Treetop Walk in Hamaren Activity Park, Norway – Building Information
Location: Fyresdal, Norway
Client: Fyresdal Municipality
Client Consultant (initiator and advisor on the development of Hamaren Activity Park): Faun Naturforvaltning
Architect: EFFEKT – _URL_
Contractor: Inge Aamlid
About Hamaren Activity Park
Hamaren Activity Park in Fyresdal, Norway, opened in 2017 and is a public destination for outdoors experiences in nature with cycling and nature trails, trampoline, climbing and more.
The addition to the park is a one-kilometer boardwalk, which makes the forest accessible for all user groups and takes them all the way to the summit of Klokkarhamaren.
Already before the treetop walk in Hamaren Activity Park opened, Visit Norway featured it as the number 1 hot spot of 2023.
EFFEKT is a research-based design studio based in Copenhagen. The studio was established in 2007 and employs 50 designers, thinkers, and builders working within Architecture, Urbanism, Landscape, and R&D under the creative leadership of the two founders Tue Hesselberg Foged and Sinus Lynge.
EFFEKT uses holistic design solutions with the aim of improving the quality of our cities and living places and creating lasting social, economic and environmental changes to the benefit of people and the planet.
EFFEKT has made its mark on the international architecture scene with a number of award-winning projects, such as the 45-metre high Forest Tower in Gisselfeld Kloster's forest, GAME Streetmekka Viborg, an old wind turbine factory converted into a sports and cultural center, the visionary eco-village concept and design for ReGen Villages and the Livsrum Cancer Counseling Center. Most recently Living Places Copenhagen was inaugurated showcasing a total of seven prototypes – five open pavilions and two completed full-scale homes that show how we can develop sustainable buildings with a three times lower CO2 footprint and a first-class indoor climate. The Living Places concept holds the lowest CO2 emissions in Denmark, demonstrating that we do not have to wait for future technology to build more sustainably.
Currently, the design studio is engaged in project development in Denmark, Norway, Switzerland, the Netherlands, Belgium, Germany, Japan and Australia.
Photography: Rasmus Hjortshøj
The Treetop Walk, Fyresdal, Norway images / information received 140623 from Effekt
Location: Fyresdal, Norway
Contemporary Norwegian Buildings
Norwegian Building Designs – chronological list
Architecture Tours in Oslo by e-architect
Energy Island : Sustainable Maritime Architecture
Norwegian Architecture – Selection
Ski Tower, Akershus, Southern Norway
photos : Kyrre Sundal and Reiulf Ramstad Arkitekter
Ski Tower, Akershus Southern Norway Housing
The Plus, Magnor, Eidskog Municipality, Innlandet county
Architects: Bjarke Ingels Group – BIG
photo : Einar Aslaksen
The Plus Building by BIG in Magnor
Holmen Industrial Area, Vesterålen, Nordland county, Northern Norway
photograph © Stephen Citrone
Holmen Industrial Area in North Norway
Floating Norwegian Sauna : iconic fjord architecture
Comments / photos for the Treetop Walk, Fyresdal, Norway designed by EFFEKT page welcome.


text: One of the most important factors potentially affecting the walking motion is the lower limb muscle mass. It is possible the mass of the lower limb muscles is correlated with walking motion. We investigated the relationships between walking motion by 3D motion analysis and the mass of the thigh muscle with ultrasound imaging. Our data demonstrated significant correlations between the mass of the thigh muscles and some of the joint kinematics measured at the hip, knee and ankle. These results suggest the knee extensor muscles mass regulates knee joint in association with the lower extremity movements at the onset of walking in free speed.


text:
is a brand of different flavour sweets
, which have a hole in the centre. The peppermint
flavoured polo was first manufactured in the United Kingdom
in 1948. The name 'Polo' is reportedly from the word 'Polar' and is to symbolize the cool and fresh feeling one gets from sucking a Polo.
Polo mints were introduced by Rowntree in 1948, and Polo fruits followed soon after.
Polo is still Britain's number one mint brand with approximately 20 million mints produced every day and an average of one hundred and fifty Polos eaten every second.
Over the years Rowntree and Nestlé
have come up with variations of the Original Polo mint. Some of these have been successes, whereas others have flopped. However, none have been as successful as the Original Polo mint.
- Spearmint: These Polos have a strong spearmint flavour and aroma. The original design of the sweets had turquoise flecks on them, however now they are simply clear white to reduce E numbers.
- Fruit: These Polos are fruit flavored and come in several flavours, all in one tube. These Polos are not mints but boiled fruits. Flavours included are strawberry, blackberry, orange, lemon, and lime.
- Polo Gummies: Fruit-flavoured soft gummy sweets in the polo shape.
- Sugar free: This is the sugar free version of the Original Polo containing sorbitol
- Polo Holes: Nestlé experimented with this variation for a while. It was the original Polo flavour in the shape of the hole from the middle of the sweet.
- Mini Strong Polos: These were tiny Polos (about 1 cm in diameter) with a strong minty flavour. They were packaged in a box shaped like a Polo Mint. They were also available in a not so successful orange flavour which is no longer available
- Smoothies: These creamy sweets came in flavours such as blackcurrant, sunshine fruits and strawberry.
- Citrus: Lemon flavoured Polos
- Butter Mint Polos: These were butter mint flavoured
- Ice: These flavour Polos came in a shiny blue wrapper, and had a cooler mint taste.
- Cinnamon flavoured Polos
- Paan flavoured Polos (Previously available in India)
- Mint O Fruit: (available in Indonesia). These come in the following flavours: Raspberry Mint, Blackcurrant Mint, Peppermint, Lime Mint and Cherry Mint. These polos come with the following slogan "Think Plong! Masih Ada Bolong!" These are also sold in the UK in some Poundland stores.
Prior to this Rowntree had already experimented with different polos in the 1980s. The boiled fruit ones were always available but they briefly made:
- Lemon: Similar to the citrus flavour that Nestlé put out around 10 years later, but not identical.
- Orange: Similar to the lemon, but in an orange packet.
A Polo is approximately 1.9cm in diameter, 0.4cm deep and has a 0.8cm wide hole. The original Polo is white in colour with a hole in the middle, and the word 'POLO' embossed twice on one side around the ring, hence the popular slogan The Mint with the Hole
Ingredient of the main variety include: sugar, glucose syrup, modified starch, stearic acid (of vegetable origin), lubricant(570) and mint oils.
Packing and look
Polos are found in all major and minor newsagents, sweet shops, and supermarkets. They are usually sold separately in tubes that are about 10cm tall containing 25 Polos, but can be found in multi-packs ranging from 3 to 8. The tube of Polos is tightly wrapped with silver foil backed plastic. A green and blue paper wrapper, with the word 'POLO', binds the foil wrapper. The Os in 'Polo' are the images of the sweet. For the spearmint flavour, the paper wrapper is a darker green also the Extra Strong flavour is in a black paper wrapper.
In 1994 when the new Trade Marks Act was introduced in UK, Nestlé applied to register the shape of the Polo mint. The application featured a white, annular mint without any lettering. This application however was opposed by Kraft Food, the current owner of Life Savers
, and Mars UK because of the lack of distinctive character of the mint in question. Nestlé's application was allowed to proceed if it agreed to narrow the description of the mint i.e. the dimensions of the mint were limited to the standard dimensions of the Polo mint and that it was limited to 'mint flavoured compressed confectionery'.
Kraft Foods and Swizzels Matlow (owner of British Navy Sweets) have made similar applications for annular sweets bearing the mark LIFESAVERS or NAVY. Nestle has tried to oppose these trademark applications but have failed as the court ruled that customers would be able to distinguish between a Polo, a Lifesaver and a British Navy mint as all of them have their marks boldly and prominently embossed on the mint.
- "Polo, the mint with the hole"
- "The Mint,The Hole Mint and Nothing But The Mint!"
- "Holy Moly Minty!"
- "HOLE-Y REFRESHING"
- "Life's a Hole Lot Cooler!"
- "People Like Polo!"
Media & Entertainment
- Polo mints are mentioned in the song "Low Budget" by The Kinks. "We're all on our uppers were all going skint I used to smoke cigars but now I suck polo mints".
- The Polo mints are an important visual theme throughout the BBC Three comedy television programme The Mighty Boosh. They can be seen on many of the costumes and props (as well as in the opening graphics), and are directly referenced to on several occasions, most notably during the Hitcher's song ("creeping in your room in the dead of night / with my solo Polo vision" - the character of the Hitcher has a big Polo over one of his eyes.).
- A recent advertisement claims that Polos are now 13.063% mintier.
- Polo mint has become rhyming slang for skint(a slang term meaning to have no money) and for bint(slang for "woman").
Other UK Sweets/mints/Candy


How to add/subtract Hour, Minute, Second, Millisecond, Microsecond and Nanosecond to a date in Go Language
Hello everyone, In this tutorial, we will learn how to add/subtract Hour, Minute, Second, Millisecond, Microsecond and Nanosecond to date in Go Language.
The time package in Go language provides Add() function which is used to add/subtract a duration to time t. Since duration can be represented in hours, minutes, seconds, milliseconds, microseconds and nanoseconds,
The signature of the Add method is:
func (t Time) Add(d Duration) Time
Example 1: Go Program to add/subtract minutes.
package main
import (
"fmt"
"time"
)
func main() {
//Current date and time
dt1 := time.Now()
fmt.Println("Current date and time : ", dt1)
//Adding 30 minutes
dt2 := dt1.Add(30 * time.Minute)
fmt.Println("After 30 minutes:", dt2)
//Subtract 3 minutes
dt3 := dt1.Add(-3 * time.Minute)
fmt.Println("Before 3 minutes:", dt3)
}
Output:
Example 2: Go Program to add/subtract seconds.
package main
import (
"fmt"
"time"
)
func main() {
//Current date and time
dt1 := time.Now()
fmt.Println("Current date and time : ", dt1)
//Adding 120 seconds
dt2 := dt1.Add(120 * time.Second)
fmt.Println("After 120 seconds:", dt2)
//Subtract 170 seconds
dt3 := dt1.Add(-170 * time.Second)
fmt.Println("Before 170 seconds:", dt3)
}
Output:
Example 3: Go Program to add/subtract milliseconds.
package main
import (
"fmt"
"time"
)
func main() {
//Current date and time
dt1 := time.Now()
fmt.Println("Current date and time : ", dt1)
//Adding 1200 Milliseconds
dt2 := dt1.Add(1200 * time.Millisecond)
fmt.Println("After 1200 Milliseconds:", dt2)
//Subtract 1700 Milliseconds
dt3 := dt1.Add(-1700 * time.Millisecond)
fmt.Println("Before 1700 Milliseconds:", dt3)
}
Output:
Example 4: Go Program to add/subtract microseconds.
package main
import (
"fmt"
"time"
)
func main() {
//Current date and time
dt1 := time.Now()
fmt.Println("Current date and time : ", dt1)
//Adding 12000 Microseconds
dt2 := dt1.Add(12000 * time.Microsecond)
fmt.Println("After 12000 Microseconds:", dt2)
//Subtract 12000 Microseconds
dt3 := dt1.Add(-12000 * time.Microsecond)
fmt.Println("Before 12000 Microseconds:", dt3)
}
Output:
Example 5: Go Program to add/subtract nanoseconds.
package main
import (
"fmt"
"time"
)
func main() {
//Current date and time
dt1 := time.Now()
fmt.Println("Current date and time : ", dt1)
//Adding 120000 Nanoseconds
dt2 := dt1.Add(120000 * time.Nanosecond)
fmt.Println("After 120000 Nanoseconds:", dt2)
//Subtract 120000 Nanoseconds
dt3 := dt1.Add(-120000 * time.Nanosecond)
fmt.Println("Before 120000 Nanoseconds:", dt3)
}
Output:
Author Name: Ram
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text:
What is the difference between commands
sudo -i and
sudo su -?
Are they the same?
They may provide functionally close to the same thing, but it seems'sudo -i' is lighter weight and keeps some handy back references in your environment.
You can see the extra processes by looking at 'ps auxf' (f gives you a forest view)
sudo -i yields this process tree
sudo su - yields this process tree
Note that they are starting from the same bash process pid, 4482, but that su - seems to spawn another step.)
Your first'sudo' is already elevating your access level to root. Running su without specifying a username inside sudo changes the current user to root twice.
Another way to investigate this is by running both commands with strace -f.
If you diff those two straces, you'll see more exeve's being run for sudo su -.
One more thing.
sudo -i maintains the extra environment variables set by SUDO.
sudo su - clobbers those variables.
Shot answer: No, they are not the same.
Long answer: sudo and su - are different programs that accomplish the same task, that is elevating you to root privileges.
su used to be the de facto way of becoming root on Linux systems. However there was always the need to separate privileges and leave some auditing info behind. Also when you do su - everything you do is done as root and is dangerous to have that much power. Here is where sudo came to the rescue.
sudo has some characteristics that su does not. The key element in sudo is it's ability to to run "one" command as root and then drop privileges to normal user. Example: Remove a file owned by root.
This command will erase the file because sudo will elevate you to root every time you use the sudo command before another command. The next command you ran will be run like a normal user (unless you append the sudo command in the beginning). This allows you to accomplish administrative task and then drop privileges immediately helping you avoid dangerous conditions.
sudo also provides other benefits likes restricting the set of program a user can run, logs commands run under sudo and other things. For more info sudo in a nutshell
When you do su - or sudo -i you do the same thing. That is becoming root but keep in mind that su and sudo are completely different and provide you with different tools as a system admin. Personally I NEVER run su - and my pam policy prohibits it, allowing no one to run it. In my systems you always have to use sudo cause of the added benefits.
More info: Using and enabling sudo


Three steps to subset tests with Launchable & Gradle
Gradle
Launchable uses machine learning to identify and recommend the most important tests to run for a specific code change. This is called predictive test selection. This capability allows you to run a smaller set of important tests earlier and more frequently in your software development lifecycle, providing much faster testing feedback to developers without compromising quality.
To make integration really simple, we've built profiles into the Launchable CLI for popular build and testing tools. These profiles abstract away the nuances of specific languages and test runners so you only have to add a few lines to your build script.
One of these profiles is for Gradle, an extremely popular build tool for the Java ecosystem. In this post, we'll show you how to add Launchable to your Gradle build process to get faster test feedback.
(If you're interested in using Launchable with other test frameworks or programming languages, see integrations.)
Step 1: Record a build
Before getting started, install the Launchable package from PyPI and set up your API key within the context of your pipeline.
The first step of integrating Launchable is to record a build. Recording a build tells Launchable what has changed in the version of the software being tested. Launchable uses this information both to train a machine learning model and to recommend tests to run for those specific changes.
To do this, before building software, you run the 'launchable record build' command. You give the build a name and point the CLI to your Git repository on disk:
launchable record build --name <BUILD NAME> --source .
Step 2: Request a subset of tests
Before running tests, you need to request a subset of tests from Launchable and pass those tests to Gradle to run them. You provide the same build name, a target percentage of test duration to run in the subset, and the directories where your tests reside. The subset command outputs a list of tests to launchable-subset.txt that you can then pass into Gradle to run them.
launchable subset \
 --build <BUILD NAME> \
 --target <TARGET> \
 gradle project1/src/test/java > launchable-subset.txt
gradle test $(cat launchable-subset.txt)
Step 3: Record test results
Finally, you need to record test results so Launchable can continually train the machine learning model:
# run the tests however you normally do
gradle test $(cat launchable-subset.txt)
launchable record tests --build <BUILD NAME> gradle ./build/test-results/test/
(See docs.launchableinc.com for more documentation and examples.)
Now you can run a subset of a long-running test suite more often. For example, you could run a subset of long-running end-to-end UI tests on every 'git push' instead of only after every merge.
Interested in getting started with Launchable? Sign up for a free trial and join our Discord server. As you can see, it's really easy to get started!
Slash test cycles up to 80%!
Select the right tests for each code change in real time.


text:
Towards a technological university: A design approach to knowledge creation
MetadataShow full item record
Irish economic strategies, in line with broader global strategies, aim to promote innovation and knowledge creation. The past notion that knowledge was a learned entity which stopped and was repeated as needed no longer fits. It is considered that in order to develop innovative fluid thinking and new knowledge creation, the focus shifts from the actual knowledge to the competencies and skills that the practice and application of the knowledge brings. In direct response to this, the Irish Higher Education system is witnessing a period of transition. As part of this transition, some of the Institutes of Technology (IOTs) will merge to become Technological Universities (TUs). The TU focus will extend beyond teaching and learning towards innovation and knowledge creation. The Irish design education sector is innovation focussed and is based on a tradition of practice oriented learning. This thesis aims to position the role of practice oriented learning in the context of innovation and knowledge creation within Irish design education. The approach may now be of value as a process in knowledge creation in other disciplines, as they transition to the emergent Irish TU model. In order to achieve this the overall research area was refined and broken down into the following research questions: 1. What is the strategy behind the focus on knowledge creation and innovation within the transitioning higher education system? 2. How is knowledge created within design education? 3. What role does practice oriented learning play in achieving knowledge creation? 4. How can the value of practice oriented learning benefit an emerging TU culture? Design research is based upon the ability to identify and implement the most appropriate approach to data collection and the analysis of collected material. The 'research through design' approach was the selected methodology for the project. Research through design presumes an interpretative understanding of the material or data being collected. It works when there is an openness and readiness to engage in new or surprising situations in the course of research. This methodology has a focus on synthesising information to form creative insights. The approach was selected as it does not pursue verification or falsification, but rather an interactive interpretative dialogue with the design situation (Frayling, 1993). This is appropriate when the research seeks to uncover strategy as opposed to gathering facts or data, we seek instead to make meaning of the data. One approach to synthesising information involves deep interaction with the data through visual mapping. This approach was selected on the basis that visual mapping would provide a means to deal with the complexity of considering three key areas of research namely; policy, industry and education. The visual mapping enables us to see how and when policy, industry and education interact to arrive at today's strategy for the emerging TU's. This involves decision making throughout the project based on analysis and findings to provide direction. Whilst this method provides a clear rationale for the project direction there is still an amount of subjective interpretation. In order to provide further rigour to this method, a pragmatic approach was taken to test findings through field research using interviews, observations and workshops. In addition to this, peer review and publications were carried out throughout the project. The peer reviews acted as a test bed for the latest thinking in this research area from an international context. The findings to date indicate the strategy behind the transitioning Irish Higher education system is to promote knowledge creation as opposed to the traditional knowledge consumption. This is being driven by economic demands in response to the global shift from production based economy to knowledge based economy. The economic demands are both national and International and strive for innovation through knowledge creation. The thesis defines knowledge creation within design education as a specific process of tacit and explicit knowledge exchanges that occur within a shared space or context. Tacit knowledge is explored as informal knowledge based on experiences, insights and intuition. The findings show that tacit knowledge is produced through practice oriented learning approach used in Irish design education. This approach, used by design may be of value to other disciplines as existing structures transition towards the emerging model of TU with the aim of promoting knowledge creation.
The following license files are associated with this item:


How to build a motorcycle ramp for a shed
How long should my shed ramp be?
How high should shed be off ground?
What is a good angle for a ramp?
Bottom line: recommended ramp slope:
The preferred slope for a building access ramp is 1:12 or 1 inch of rise per 12 inches of horizontal run – that's roughly an 8% slope also written as a 4.8 degree angle slope.
What is best for shed base?
You can also use a wooden frame or concrete slabs. Using concrete slabs is a very traditional way to build a shed base and although it takes some initial work, it does provide excellent stability in the long term. Below are the steps involved in building a shed base using concrete slabs.
How do you load a motorcycle without a ramp?
Grab the right handle with one hand and the axle with the other, and lift the front of the bike onto the truck bed. Lift the bike up again until the engine plate is also resting in the truck bed. Grab the rear axle and pull the back tire into the truck.
How steep can a ramp be?
Maximum slope for hand-propelled wheelchair ramps should be 1″ of rise to every 12″ of length (4.8 degree angle; 8.3% grade). Maximum slope for power chairs should be 1.5″ rise to 12″ length (7.1 degree angle; 12.5% grade).
You might be interested: How to fix carburetor on motorcycle
How do you calculate the length of a ramp?
How long of a ramp should I buy? Determining Ramp Length: Measure total rise (how many inches from lower level to upper level) and divide by the slope.
Leave a Reply


69
In Sublime Text 2, you get vertical guides where your indentation is, like this:
Sublime Text screenshot
but Vim doesn't:
vim screenshot
Is there a way to show lines like that in Vim?
By the way, my indentation is 2 spaces.
:set tabstop=2 softtabstop=2 shiftwidth=2 expandtab
6 Answers 6
57
Unified answer:
If you are using tabs
I'd try using listchars:
:set listchars=tab:\|\
:set list
note: there is a space after the last \ above.
This method is good because it uses Vim's built-in support for showing this kind of thing.
Example output:
| if (1) {
| | func();
| }
screenshot of text sample above
However, this doesn't work for leading spaces. As pointed out by @Josh Petrie, there is a patch to work for spaces, but then you'd have to recompile Vim, which is beyond the scope of this answer.
If you are using spaces, and don't mind using a plugin
Vaibhav Sagar points out the plugin indentLine performs this functionality.
Install in the normal way (see installing Plugins) and it seems to magically just work without further input. If you don't mind the ASCII bars, you don't need to do anything with your fonts. Example output of your example after setting your indentation settings and running :IndentLinesReset
45 ¦ var move = function(direction) {
46 ¦ ¦ if(!initialized) { initialize(); }
47
48 ¦ ¦ if(shiftBoard(direction)) {
49 ¦ ¦ ¦ setTimeout(addRandomPiece, 100);
50 ¦ ¦ }
51 ¦ };
screenshot of example with spaces
The plugin requires Vim 7.3 or later, and makes cleaver use of that version's Conceal feature. Instead of actually hiding text, it replaces text with bars in the view, but not the actual buffer. The result is you see the bars but they don't get saved into the file (since they are actually spaces)
Caveat
Both of these methods assume "properly" indented code. They don't place the indentation lines at the level of indent when a "block" is opened (which sublime appears to do) but instead places lines at regular intervals based on your indentation settings. Additionally, it only shows the bars on lines where there is actually space (which is why the line in the vim output under the first if has no bars, making a visual gap)
9
 - 1
 Actually, I'm using spaces to indent instead of tabs. I've updated my question.
 – aharris88
 Feb 9, 2015 at 22:23
 - 1
 There is a patch to make listchars work for non-trailing spaces, which you can dig up on the mailing list. It has not, however, been accepted into the official distribution :(
 – user72
 Feb 9, 2015 at 23:52
 - 1
 Updated answer to include information from Vaibhav Sagar and Josh Petrie. I tried out the plugin Vaibhav mentioned and show the results in the edited answer. I think I'm going to start using this plugin myself. It's not fantastic, but in general seems to work pretty well.
 – John O'M.
 Feb 10, 2015 at 2:11
 - 1
 Is it possible to get the guides to appear on blank lines like they do in sublime?
 – James
 Feb 10, 2015 at 22:53
 - 2
 indentLine works alright for python, json, viml, c, c++, etc. But unfortunately it doesn't work with vim-javascript, so I vim-indent-guides instead.
 – Sassan
 Sep 1, 2016 at 17:32
55
Another option I use, which isn't exactly what you asked for, but accomplishes the same purpose of making it easier to see what is in the same column, is to set the following in your vimrc:
set cursorcolumn
set cursorline
cursorcolumn illustration
This has the trade off that you have to move your cursor to the column you want to see, but you get less visual clutter. Usually when I care about indentation levels, I'm keeping my place with the cursor anyway. My way also isn't as awkward-looking in languages like python without closing braces.
1
 - 4
 Python vi users will die for this feature
 – KRoy
 Feb 24, 2018 at 0:48
21
For the sake of completeness, there is also the Indent Guides plugin, which shows the indentation levels by alternating the colors of white spaces. It requires version 7.2 or later. Since it uses the tabstop and shiftwidth variables, it will probably work for your indentation settings right away.
Imgur
Once the plugin is installed, you can simply use:IndentGuidesEnable or :IndentGuidesDisable. If you are using terminal vim, note that, according to the manual,
At the moment Terminal Vim only has basic support. This means is that colors won't be automatically calculated based on your colorscheme. Instead, some preset colors are used depending on whether background is set to dark or light.
In order to change the colors of the guides for the screenshot, I used the following
let g:indent_guides_auto_colors=0
so the colors are not recalculated when buffers are swapped, and then set the colors using
hi IndentGuidesEven ctermbg=238
hi IndentGuidesOdd ctermbg=236
As with the other solutions presented, it only shows the indent guides on lines were there are spaces.
1
 - 1
 add let g:indent_guides_enable_on_vim_startup=1 to my .vimrc to enable this on startup.
 – inye
 Apr 6, 2017 at 13:24
10
I've found the indentLine plugin to be the best for this. You do need a font with the appropriate symbols though, I find Consolas on Windows and Menlo on Mac OS X work well. As is pointed out in the unified answer above, it works by (ab)using vim's conceal feature to put vertical bars (from the font used) in the right place. I'm pretty happy with this solution but the disadvantage to it is that my vertical bars are part of the box-drawing glyphs and they are center-aligned instead of left-aligned like in other editors. I've gotten used to it but it can be fixed by manually patching your font or using a font like Fantasque Sans Mono (note how the screenshots in the linked github repo use indentLine).
1
 - Which glyph is the patched vertical line? Can you paste it here? Thanks.
 – Timtro
 Mar 7, 2018 at 16:02
4
The indentLine plugin tends to be fairly slow on non-small files, observable when clicking enter as it lags by a second or so.
I've found vim-indentguides to be a faster and visually similar plugin, that also visually distinguishes tab indents versus space indents.
4
Try the most recent updated of Goneovim, not the current release 0.4.6.
It's not pure vim but a neovim gui, and it does not gain much attention. The indent guides feature of goneovim is native, and works much better than vim/neovim plugins. enter image description here
1
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text:
UVa-Wise and Wise County partner to commemorate the 150th anniversary of the Civil War
The University of Virginia's College at Wise and the Wise County Sesquicentennial Committee have partnered to launch a four-year project to remember the impact the Civil War had in the region as the nation commemorates the 150th anniversary of the great conflict.
In recognition of Wise County's unique Civil War experience, the sesquicentennial will focus on "The Civil War in the Mountains." Wise County's location on the Kentucky border resulted in a different set of circumstances for its residents than most of Virginia as battles ranged across the Commonwealth.
The commemoration begins on Feb. 11 at 3 p.m. with a gathering in the Rhododendron room of the C. Bascom Slemp Student Center at UVa-Wise. The program will consist of brief and informative talks by a panel of Civil War scholars. UVa-Wise history professor Brian D. McKnight, Brian Steel Wills, director of the Civil War Center at Kennesaw State University and Andrew Slap, a professor at East Tennessee State University will discuss topics ranging from prewar regional politics through the Reconstruction period that followed the fighting.
The public is invited to participate in the commemoration. For more information, call Brian McKnight at _PHONE_.


text: Purpose-The aim of this piece of research was to detail the scope and nature of sectarianism as experienced by employees, managers and those with trade union responsibilities, in the Northern Ireland workplace. Design/methodology/approach-Four large organizations, two from the private and two from the public sector, were recruited to take part in this qualitative study. In-depth inter-views were carried out with managers and trade union personnel. Focus groups were run with employees. Findings-Data were submitted to thematic analysis. The major themes to emerge included: the extent of experienced sectarianism, sources of sectarianism, the nature of sectarian harassment, ''tolerable'' sectarianism, and the management of difference. Research limitations/implications-Short-comings of the study include the possibility that social desirability effects could have operated to underplay sectarian attitudes. Again the limitations of a qualitative methodology in providing estimates of the extent of sectarianism in the broader population are acknowledged. Practical implications-Practical implications of the findings for controlling sectarianism and managing diversity are discussed in terms of organizational formalization, the promotion of a common ingroup workforce identity, and the informal procedures used by employees to manage difference on a day-to-day basis. Originality/value-The study is particularly pertinent, given that there has been little attempt to capture the experiences of sectarianism in workplaces from the perspective of managers, employees and trade union personnel.


text:
Synonyms for septet
WordNet 3.0 Copyright © 2006 by Princeton University.
All rights reserved.
- 1. seven, 7, VII, sevener, heptad, septet, septenary, digit, figure
- usage: the cardinal number that is the sum of six and one
- 2. septet, septette, musical organization, musical organisation, musical group
- usage: seven performers or singers who perform together
- 3. septet, septette, set
- usage: a set of seven similar things considered as a unit
- 4. septet, septette, sevensome, gathering, assemblage
- usage: seven people considered as a unit
- 5. septet, septette, musical composition, opus, composition, piece, piece of music
- usage: a musical composition written for seven performers


text:
Myth, Symbol, and Meaning in Mary Poppins
Published November 22nd 2006 by Routledge – 224 pages
The Mary Poppins that many people know of today--a stern, but sweet, loveable, and reassuring British nanny--is a far cry from the character created by Pamela Lyndon Travers in the 1930's. Instead, this is the Mary Poppins reinvented by Disney in the eponymous movie. This book sheds light on the original Mary Poppins,
Myth, Symbol, and Meaning in Mary Poppins is the only full-length study that covers all the Mary Poppins books, exposing just how subversive the pre-Disney Mary Poppins character truly was. Drawing important parallels between the character and the life of her creator, who worked as a governess herself, Grilli reveals the ways in which Mary Poppins came to unsettle the rigid and rigorous rules of Victorian and Edwardian society that most governesses embodied, taught, and passed on to their charges.
Giorgia Grilli teaches children's literature at the University of Bologna. She has published four books on children's literature in Italian.


text:
... including targeted forecasts at the time of your arrival to each point!
Alvarado, Texas, United States experiences mild weather year round. During the summer months, temperatures average between 24-29°C (75-84°F) with high humidity levels. The hottest month is July, when temperatures can reach an average maximum of 32°C (90°F). Winters are usually mild, with temperatures ranging between 4-9°C (40-48°F). January is typically the coldest month, when temperatures can dip as low as -3°C (27°F). The area typically experiences below-average rainfall throughout the year, with the wettest months being May and October. Precipitation is typically light and generally consists of light rain or snow. The area is also prone to occasional thunderstorms and hail.
As of 2020, the city population is 4282.
This map shows the current & 7-day weather forecast, weather alerts, and weather radar for Alvarado, Texas.


Grokbase Groups Pig user March 2009
Thanks for the response... unfortunately the output I get is:
(, 1, 1)
(w, 1, 1)
(x, 3, 3) <--- $2 should be a '2' not a '3'.
(y, 1, 1)
(z, 1, 1)
Desired results:
x,3,2 <--- $2 should be a '2' and not a '3' because the values for 'x' are (a,b,b) and so there are only 2 distinct values.
I was able to get the output of (x,3,3) via another way
A = load 'test.csv' using PigStorage(',') as (a1,a2,a3);
B = group A by $0;
C = distinct B;
D = foreach C generate group, COUNT(A.a2), COUNT(A.a3);
...but to make it work as a distinct count I would like to achieve (x,3,2) not (x,3,3).
Would I need to write a UDF called COUNT_DISTINCT based mostly on the COUNT function? If so how?
Would replacing...
public void exec(Tuple input, DataAtom output) throws IOException {
output.setValue(count(input)); <--- I suppose this should return a count of hash keys or something???
} sufficient?
Thanks in advance,
-----Original Message-----
From: Alan Gates
Sent: Wednesday, March 18, 2009 2:56 PM
Subject: Re: count distinct using pig?
B = group A by $0;
C = foreach B {
D1 = A.a2;
D2 = distinct D1;
E1 = A.a3;
E2 = distinct D2;
generate group, COUNT(D2), COUNT(E2);
store C into 'output';
On Mar 18, 2009, at 1:43 PM, Avram Aelony wrote:
Hello Pig list,
several categorical variables a1-a3 and am seeking to compute
distinct counts of fields a2 and a3 by field a1.
How can I get distinct counts?
For example:
dump A;
(x, X, a)
(y, Y, b)
(x, XX, b)
(z, Z, c)
(w, X, )
(, W, d)
(x,, b)
B = group A by $0;
dump B;
(, {(, W, d)})
(w, {(w, X, )})
(x, {(x, X, a), (x, XX, b), (x,, b)})
(y, {(y, Y, b)})
(z, {(z, Z, c)})
# how do I get distinct counts by $0??
_TAG_ output:
Many thanks,
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text:
UltraCID is a HomeSeer 2.2 plug-in that adds caller ID functionality to HomeSeer. Simply specify the communications port of your caller ID modem from the options web page and restart HomeSeer. The plug-in will then connect to the modem, enable caller ID, then log all incoming calls to the database. The plug-in will also manage a single entry for the caller in the database which tracks total calls and last call timestamp. In addition, you can override the caller name field to display a custom name in the caller log web page.
How It Works:
- The plug-in connects to a caller ID capable modem and logs each call to an underlying database.
- A caller log web page displays callers based on date range and can filter based on caller name.
- A caller details web page displays call count, last call timestamp and the caller ID display name (which can be modified).
- UltraCID supports most Conexant PCI and USB modems.
- Supports HomeSeer triggers based on caller local and extension pick-up (if supported by your modem).
- Logs all calls to an OLEDB aware database.
- Web page supports caller log filters and caller summary.
- Ability to block callers based on name or number using regular expressions.
- Currently supports Microsoft Access 2003 (database included), Microsoft SQL 2000 and Microsoft SQL 2005.
- Ability to open and close database connections while plug-in is running.
- Debugging output to troubleshoot database connection issues.
- Ability to specify custom connection strings.
- Ability to purge caller data after a specified number of months.
- Error Try/Catch logic to ensure plug-in doesn't fail with an unhandled exception.
- Ability to specify HomeSeer user roles (admin, guest, normal, local) that can access the web page.
- Written in VB.Net 2008, 100% managed code.
HomeSeer HomeSeer Triggers:
- UltraCID Incoming Call
- Any Caller
- Blocked Caller
- Business Caller
- Family Caller
- Friends Caller
- or any previous caller ...
- UltraCID OnRing
- Local handset on/off hook (if modem supports voice mode)
- Local phone extension on/off hook (if modem supports voice mode)
Modems Test with UltraCID:
- Rosewill RNX-56USB Conexant Hardware Based 56Kbps USB (Plug & Play) V.92 PCI Date/Fax/TAM modem
- Zoom Model 3025 V.92 56K-PCI Modem 56 Kbps V.92 PCI FaxModem
Quick Start Documentation: _URL_
Please see the announcement for screenshots and more information.


text:
Program Fact Sheet
Bureau of Youth Services & Delinquency Prevention
Division of Community Health & Prevention
Illinois Department of Human Services
The Youth Build program enrolls youth and young adults aged 16 to 24 who have dropped out of school, are unemployed and/or have limited job skills.
The purpose of the Youth Build program is to empower struggling teens and young adults. Youth Build focuses on academic goals while also helping youth to develop job skills by building homes for low-income families.
Youth Build is a year-long, highly demanding program that prepares youth and young adults for the challenges they will face in today's world. The program offers young people a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to build their futures and their communities
through education, leadership development, job training, and the rehabilitation and production of affordable housing.
The Youth Build program is administered by local communities. There is not one single model that can be applied to every Youth Build program. Although each Youth Build program is unique in its approach to addressing the needs of the community, all
embrace the same basic principles; Youth benefit from the opportunity to join and function in a community; education comes not only from the classroom but from life skills learned from having to function as a team, maintain a job, manage money and speak
effectively with one another; adults in the program mentor students as they mature; and each site's unique approach addresses the complexities within their community.
Youth Build Program Data
|Grant Amount (Numbers in 000's)
|Number of Grantees


text:
11 March 2017 – ongoing
Firstsite is delighted to announce WUNDERKAMMER, an exhibition of strange and curious objects drawn from the collections of Colchester and Ipswich Museums.
Tying in with the gallery's year-long theme of 'Identity', WUNDERKAMMER – after the German term meaning 'chamber of wonders' – features an array of treasures selected for their relationship to the town. For example, it includes Arthur Ackland Hunt's painting Dr. William Gilberd showing his experiments on electricity to Queen Elizabeth and her court (c. 1900), which is on loan from Colchester Town Hall.
Pictured above: Dr William Gilberd showing his experiments on electricity to Queen Elizabeth and her court by Arthur Ackland Hunt, c. 1900, oil on canvas, 142cm x 218 cm, courtesy Colchester and Ipswich Museums.
For images and more information please contact:
Mark Inglefield, _EMAIL_, + 44 (0) 20 73 88 09 97


named '.python-eggs' in the users home directory. Since Apache's home usually is not writeable, an alternate egg cache directory can be specified like this:
 98{{{#!apache
 9199PythonOption PYTHON_EGG_CACHE /var/trac/myprojects/egg-cache
 92100}}}
 93101
 94 or you can uncompress the Genshi egg to resolve problems extracting from it.
 95
 96 === Configuring Authentication ===
 102Or you can uncompress the Genshi egg to resolve problems extracting from it.
 103
 104=== Configuring Authentication
 97105
 98106See corresponding section in the [wiki:TracModWSGI#ConfiguringAuthentication] page.
 99107
 100
 101108== Advanced Configuration
 102109
 103 === Setting the Python Egg Cache ===
 104
 105 If the Egg Cache isn't writeable by your Web server, you'll either have to change the permissions, or point Python to a location where Apache can write. This can manifest itself as a ''500 internal server error'' and/or a complaint in the syslog.
 106
 107 {{{
 108 #!xml
 110=== Setting the Python Egg Cache
 111
 112If the Egg Cache isn't writeable by your Web server, you'll either have to change the permissions, or point Python to a location where Apache can write. This can manifest itself as a '500 internal server error' and/or a complaint in the syslog.
 113
 114{{{#!apache
 109115<Location /projects/myproject>
 110116 ...

 114120}}}
 115121
 116
 117 === Setting the !PythonPath ===
 118
 119 If the Trac installation isn't installed in your Python path, you'll have to tell Apache where to find the Trac mod_python handler using the 'PythonPath' directive:
 120 {{{
 121 #!xml
 122=== Setting the !PythonPath
 123
 124If the Trac installation isn't installed in your Python path, you will have to tell Apache where to find the Trac mod_python handler using the 'PythonPath' directive:
 125{{{#!apache
 122126<Location /projects/myproject>
 123127 ...

 129133Be careful about using the !PythonPath directive, and ''not'' 'SetEnv PYTHONPATH', as the latter won't work.
 130134
 131 === Setting up multiple projects ===
 135=== Setting up multiple projects
 132136
 133137The Trac mod_python handler supports a configuration option similar to Subversion's 'SvnParentPath', called 'TracEnvParentDir':
 134 {{{
 135 #!xml
 138{{{#!apache
 136139<Location /projects>
 137140 SetHandler mod_python

 146149
 147150If you don't want to have the subdirectory listing as your projects home page you can use a
 148 {{{
 149 #!xml
 151{{{#!apache
 150152<LocationMatch "/.+/">
 151153}}}

 154156
 155157You can also use the same authentication realm for all of the projects using a '<LocationMatch>' directive:
 156 {{{
 157 #!xml
 158{{{#!apache
 158159<LocationMatch "/projects/[^/]+/login">
 159160 AuthType Basic

 164165}}}
 165166
 166 === Virtual Host Configuration ===
 167
 168 Below is the sample configuration required to set up your trac as a virtual server (i.e. when you access it at the URLs like
 169 !_URL_):
 170
 171 {{{
 172 #!xml
 173 <VirtualHost * >
 167=== Virtual Host Configuration
 168
 169Below is the sample configuration required to set up your Trac as a virtual server, ie when you access it at the URLs like
 170'_URL_':
 171
 172{{{#!apache
 173<VirtualHost *>
 174174 DocumentRoot /var/www/myproject
 175175 ServerName trac.mycompany.com

 191191
 192192This does not seem to work in all cases. What you can do if it does not:
 193 * Try using '<LocationMatch>' instead of '<Location>'
 194 * <Location /> may, in your server setup, refer to the complete host instead of simple the root of the server. This means that everything (including the login directory referenced below) will be sent to python and authentication does not work (i.e. you get the infamous Authentication information missing error). If this applies to you, try using a sub-directory for trac instead of the root (i.e. /web/ and /web/login instead of / and /login).
 193 * Try using '<LocationMatch>' instead of '<Location>'.
 194 * '<Location />' may, in your server setup, refer to the complete host instead of simple the root of the server. This means that everything (including the login directory referenced below) will be sent to Python and authentication does not work, ie you get the infamous Authentication information missing error. If this is the case, try using a sub-directory for Trac instead of the root, ie /web/ and /web/login instead of / and /login.
 195195 * Depending on apache's 'NameVirtualHost' configuration, you may need to use '<VirtualHost *:80>' instead of '<VirtualHost *>'.
 196196
 197 For a virtual host that supports multiple projects replace "'TracEnv'" /var/trac/myproject with "'TracEnvParentDir'" /var/trac/
 198
 199 Note: !DocumentRoot should not point to your Trac project env. As Asmodai wrote on #trac: "suppose there's a webserver bug that allows disclosure of !DocumentRoot they could then leech the entire Trac environment".
 200
 201 == Troubleshooting ==
 202
 203 In general, if you get server error pages, you can either check the Apache error log, or enable the 'PythonDebug' option:
 204 {{{
 205 #!xml
 197For a virtual host that supports multiple projects replace 'TracEnv /var/trac/myproject' with 'TracEnvParentDir /var/trac'.
 198
 199'''Note''': !DocumentRoot should not point to your Trac project env. As Asmodai wrote on #trac: "suppose there's a webserver bug that allows disclosure of !DocumentRoot they could then leech the entire Trac environment".
 200
 201== Troubleshooting
 202
 203If you get server error pages, you can either check the Apache error log, or enable the 'PythonDebug' option:
 204{{{#!apache
 206205<Location /projects/myproject>
 207206 ...

 212211For multiple projects, try restarting the server as well.
 213212
 214 === Login Not Working ===
 213=== Login Not Working
 214
 215215If you've used '<Location />' directive, it will override any other directives, as well as '<Location /login>'.
 216216The workaround is to use negation expression as follows (for multi project setups):
 217 {{{
 218 #!xml
 217{{{#!apache
 219218#this one for other pages
 220219<Location ~ "/*(?!login)">

 223222 PythonOption TracEnvParentDir /projects
 224223 PythonOption TracUriRoot /
 225
 226 </Location>
 224</Location>
 225
 227226#this one for login page
 228227<Location ~ "/[^/]+/login">

 247246
 248247This problem will most certainly hit you on Unix when using Python 2.4.
 249 In Python 2.4, some version of Expat (an XML parser library written in C) is used,
 250 and if Apache is using another version, this results in segmentation faults.
 251 As Trac 0.11 is using Genshi, which will indirectly use Expat, that problem
 252 can now hit you even if everything was working fine before with Trac 0.10.
 253
 254 See Graham Dumpleton's detailed [_URL_ explanation and workarounds] for the issue.
 255
 256 === Form submission problems ===
 248In Python 2.4, some version of [_URL_ Expat] (an XML parser library written in C) is used and if Apache is using another version, this results in segmentation faults.
 249As Trac 0.11 is using Genshi, which will indirectly use Expat, that problem can now hit you even if everything was working fine before with Trac


text:
Purpose: In dynamic multileaf collimator (MLC) motion tracking with complex intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) fields, target motion perpendicular to the MLC leaf travel direction can cause beam holds, which increase beam delivery time by up to a factor of 4. As a means to balance delivery efficiency and accuracy, a moving average algorithm was incorporated into a dynamic MLC motion tracking system (i.e., moving average tracking) to account for target motion perpendicular to the MLC leaf travel direction. The experimental investigation of the moving average algorithm compared with real-time tracking and no compensation beam delivery is described.Methods: The properties of the moving average algorithm were measured and compared with those of real-time tracking (dynamic MLC motion tracking accounting for both target motion parallel and perpendicular to the leaf travel direction) and no compensation beam delivery. The algorithm was investigated using a synthetic motion trace with a baseline drift and four patient-measured 3D tumor motion traces representing regular and irregular motions with varying baseline drifts. Each motion trace was reproduced by a moving platform. The delivery efficiency, geometric accuracy, and dosimetric accuracy were evaluated for conformal, step-and-shoot IMRT, and dynamic sliding window IMRT treatment plans using the synthetic and patient motion traces. The dosimetric accuracy was quantified via a γ-test with a 3%/3 mm criterion.Results: The delivery efficiency ranged from 89 to 100% for moving average tracking, 26%-100% for real-time tracking, and 100% (by definition) for no compensation. The root-mean-square geometric error ranged from 3.2 to 4.0 mm for moving average tracking, 0.7-1.1 mm for real-time tracking, and 3.7-7.2 mm for no compensation. The percentage of dosimetric points failing the γ-test ranged from 4 to 30% for moving average tracking, 0%-23% for real-time tracking, and 10%-47% for no compensation.Conclusions: The delivery efficiency of moving average tracking was up to four times higher than that of real-time tracking and approached the efficiency of no compensation for all cases. The geometric accuracy and dosimetric accuracy of the moving average algorithm was between real-time tracking and no compensation, approximately half the percentage of dosimetric points failing the γ-test compared with no compensation.
- MLC tracking
- moving average
- tumor motion
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging


Zhangjiajie International Country Music Stage Has been Finished
Country music combines with the original ecological pastoral scenery, and a curved limpid stream goes through the stage. Among the mountains, we can hear the sounds of nature.
According to the introduction, The opening stage covers an area of 500 square meters. It was built between paddy fields and the water wheel live stage, the entire stage composed of rock grinding raw materials.
In the opening stage, quaver background combines with water wheel, which becomes a new scenery line. On the right side of the stage, there is an original "Tujia diaojiao building". It can reflect tujia living characteristics, give an intuitive impression to the audiences, which let the audience feel zhangjiajie culture, experience the country singles.
Zhangjiajie international country music first started in 2009, which aimed to show the world local music, inherit and carry forward the country music art. In ecological square of Huanglong Cave, there exsits grain, melon and fruit. The audience can sit around and listen to music feast.
In this country singles, the opening stage will be preserved as the music source iconic attractions, and it met the visitors for officially on August 25th.
Translated by Sophia


text:
Find a word
Dictionary definition for:
1. (v) transfer to another; "communicate a disease"
2. (v) transmit or serve as the medium for transmission; "Sound carries well over water" "The airwaves carry the sound" "Many metals conduct heat"
3. (v) broadcast over the airwaves, as in radio or television; "We cannot air this X-rated song"
4. (v) send from one person or place to another; "transmit a message"
WordNet 2.1 Copyright Princeton University. All rights reserved.


Using Moira in your own app#
This tutorial shows how to integrate Moira into your own application. It explains the basic steps by showing how Moira is used in vAmiga, the Amiga emulator Moira was originally developed for.
Configuring Moira#
We start by examining the compile-time options chosen by vAmiga. The following options are set in MoiraConfig.h:
 - #define PRECISE_TIMING true
Moira is run in precise timing mode, which means that a sync call is initiated before each memory access. This gives vAmiga the ability to emulate the surrounding logic up to the point in time when the memory access actually happens. This is an essential feature in Amiga emulation, as many applications rely on accurate bus timing. In fact, the lack of this feature in Musashi was the reason I implemented Moira in the first place. Note that this feature is only available for the M68000 and M68010. M68020 emulation is always done in simple cycle mode, regardless of how this preprocessor variable is set.
 - #define VIRTUAL_API false
All functions of the Moira class that are required to be implemented by the client (vAmiga) are declared as non-virtual. This means these functions will be statically linked, resulting in a small performance boost compared to virtual functions.
 - #define EMULATE_ADDRESS_ERROR true
The M68000 and the M68010 signal an address error when a word or longword access to an odd address is attempted. Since some Amiga titles rely on this behavior, address error emulation is enabled in vAmiga.
 - #define EMULATE_FC true
All M680x0 CPUs are equipped with three so-called function code pins (FC pins). Whenever memory is accessed, the value on these pins allows external hardware to check the access type. Although the Amiga does not make use of those pins, emulation is enabled in Moira to accurately emulate the M68010 CPU. Unlike the M68000, the M68010 includes the current value of the FC pins in some stack frames.
 - #define ENABLE_DASM true
This option instructs Moira to create a lookup table with all disassembler handlers. The creation of this table is mandatory for using the disassembler. If the disassembler is not needed, it is advisable to set this option to false, since the lookup table consumes a decent amount of memory.
 - #define BUILD_INSTR_INFO_TABLE false
During initialization, Moira is able to create an optional info table that stores information about the instruction, addressing mode, and size attribute for each of the 65536 opcode words. In vAmiga, the creation of this table is omitted because the information is not needed.
 - #define MIMIC_MUSASHI false
This option instructs Moira not to run in Musashi compatibility mode, resulting in higher accuracy.
Subclassing Moira#
Having learned how Moira's compile-time options are configured, we take a deeper look on how Moira is integrated in vAmiga. The most prominent class in vAmiga is the Amiga class. It has the following structure:
class Amiga : public Thread {
 ...
 // Core components
 CPU cpu = CPU(*this);
 CIAA ciaA = CIAA(*this);
 CIAB ciaB = CIAB(*this);
 Memory mem = Memory(*this);
 Agnus agnus = Agnus(*this);
 Denise denise = Denise(*this);
 Paula paula = Paula(*this);
 ...
};
vAmiga's CPU class is a subclass of the Moira class. It's main purpose is to add additional functionality to what Moira already offers. E.g., the CPU class provides capabilities for serializing and deserializing the CPU state which is important for saving and loading emulator states (snapshots). In addition, the CPU class enhances the Moira class with overclocking support. If you are interested in how overclocking is implemented in vAmiga, please refer to the How-to section.
In CPU.cpp we find the implementations of all Moira functions that interact with the environment. Since we have declared the API as non-virtual, none of these functions have a default implementation. Therefore, all functions must be implemented even if there is nothing to do. Thus, many functions are defined with an empty function body. E.g.:
void
Moira::didReset()
{
}
This function is one of the delegation methods Moira provides. It is called at the end of the reset handler to allow the client to perform special actions.
Other functions do have a non-empty implementation such as functions for accessing memory. E.g., this is how read8 and read16 are implemented in vAmiga:
u8
Moira::read8(u32 addr) const
{
 return mem.peek8<ACCESSOR_CPU>(addr);
}
u16
Moira::read16(u32 addr) const
{
 return mem.peek16<ACCESSOR_CPU>(addr);
}
At first glance, the code seems to speak for itself. Moira's memory request is passed to the mem object, which is an instance of vAmiga's Memory class. Lookin closer, however, it's no longer that clear. How does Moira know about the various Amiga components such as the memory? These objects are not part of the Moira class. Well, the answer is they are, because in vAmiga we use a slightly modified Moira class. In fact, the class is declared as follows:
class Moira : public SubComponent {
 ...
}
As you can see, Moira inherits from the SubComponent class which is the base class of most Amiga components. One important purpose of the SubComponent class is to provide convinient access to all other components of the virtual Amiga. This is done by declaring a number of references that are initialized in the constructor:
class SubComponent : public AmigaComponent {
protected:
 Agnus &agnus;
 Amiga &amiga;
 Blitter &blitter;
 ...
 Memory &mem;
 ...
};
Here we go. The mem object is inherited from the SubComponent class and allows any Moira function to access Amiga memory.
Side note: If you spot a violation of the loose coupling principle here, please remember that we are talking about an emulator which a very special kind of software in various ways. The Amiga is a very tightly coupled system, and we wouldn't do ourselves any good if we tried to emulate it with a loosely coupled software system.
$$$
Creating a run loop#
Last but not least, let's take a closer look at where vAmiga executes the CPU, i.e. where it calls Moira's execution function. As you may have noticed, the Amiga class inherits from the Thread class, which provides capabilities for concurrent code execution. Whenever an instance of the Amiga class is created, an emulator thread is spawned automatically.
Amiga::Amiga()
{
 ...
 // Start the thread and enter the main function
 thread = std::thread(&Thread::main, this);
 ...
}
Inside the function main one of the following functions is executed, depending on the operating mode of the thread:
 - execute<SyncMode::Periodic>();
 - execute<SyncMode::Pulsed>();
Both functions call the execute function which is implemented inside the Amiga class. This function is one of the most prominent, since it implements the emulator's run loop. It is structures as follows:
void
Amiga::execute()
{
 while (1) {

 // Emulate the next CPU instruction
 cpu.execute();
 // Check if special action needs to be taken
 if (flags) {
 ...
 if (flags & RL::BREAKPOINT_REACHED) {
 ...
 auto addr = isize(cpu.debugger.breakpoints.hit->addr);
 msgQueue.put(MSG_BREAKPOINT_REACHED, addr);
 newState = EXEC_PAUSED;
 break;
 }
 ...
 }
 }
}
We are finally there. Right at the beginning of the body of the while loop is the place where Moira's execution function is called. Variable flags is used to trigger special actions inside the run loop. E.g., when Moira reaches a breakpoint, a dedicated bit in variable flags is set. The bits are checked inside the run loop and trigger special actions if it is set. In case of the breakpoint flag, vAmiga first performs some actions which are not important here. After that, it notifies the GUI by sending a MSG_BREAKPOINT_REACHED message. Finally, it puts the thread into paused state and exits the run loop.


text:
- the act or operation of tilling land; tillage.
- the state of being tilled or under cultivation.
- the physical condition of soil in relation to plant growth.
- land that is tilled or cultivated.
- the act or process of tilling land
- the condition of soil or land that has been tilled, esp with respect to suitability for promoting plant growth
n."labor, work" (especially in agriculture), Old English tilþ, from tilian "to till" (see till (v.)) + -th (2).


What Do Quails Eat?
Quails spend very little time in the air or in the water but spend a lot of time on the ground. They will eat plants, seeds, low hanging fruits, flowers, and leaves. Young quail will eat an occasional insect.
3 Additional Answers
Ask.com Answer for: what do quails eat
Quails eat insects and seeds.
A quail will mostly eat seeds, including acorns. Other common foods are alfalfa sprouts, cabbage, small insects, and, on occasion, small amounts of grass.It is important that a quail be fed many insects during the first few days of its life - though quail are mostly herbivorous, protein is important to their growth.
The diet of the quail varies depending upon the time of year or the individual's age or sex. Quail mostly eat seeds, but sometimes they will eat invertebrate animals. You can find more information here: _URL_
Q&A Related to "What Do Quails Eat?"
Quails will eat a lot of vegetation. They like seeds from weeds, and will eat ryes, oats, and other crop grains. Quails will eat insects, too. Look here for more information: http
The quails like to nest in open grasslands and forest clearings leaving them open to attacks from predators. Domestic animals such as cats are more than big enough to hunt quails
Larger bird of prey, example eagle.
Quails are seed eaters but will also take insects and similar small prey.
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