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Monitoring mites with a sugar shake
It seems that every beekeeping group has its own way to monitor Varroa mites. I keep hearing variations on the sugar shake (or sugar roll), the alcohol wash, and the soap bath. But one thing remains constant: most hobby beekeepers don't want to kill bees in order to count mites.
The powdered sugar shake does not kill bees. The sugar-coated honey bees are easily added back to the hive and the sugar consumed. Both the alcohol wash and the soap bath give a slightly more accurate count, but both kill the bees. Soap and alcohol give more accurate results for two reasons: they better separate the mites from the bees and they allow an actual count of the bees in the sample instead of an estimate.
However, it is my opinion that beekeepers are more likely to monitor if they don't have to kill bees in the process. I also believe that the easier it is to do, the more likely it is to happen. Furthermore, I don't think the last scintilla of accuracy makes much difference. Your decision to treat or not treat will probably be unaffected by the one or two mites you missed.
Compare the two
If you are uncomfortable with the difference, you can try this at home: Do a sugar shake and count the mites. Next, use alcohol on the same group of bees and count the extra mites. In most cases, you will find that the sugar shake dislodged at least 90% of the mites.
If you want, you can assume you are getting 90% of the mites with your sugar shake, and then you can adjust the estimate by dividing your count by 90%. For example, if your sugar roll yielded 8 mites, then 0.9χ = 8, so χ = 8.8 mites. Let's call it 9. But do I think this is a necessary step? No.
In the interest of simplicity I have distilled a number of sources that describe how to do a sugar shake and tried to make it as easy as possible.
Simple Instructions for a Sugar Shake Test (Sugar Roll)
Equipment Needed:
 - A mason jar with a marking at the 1/2-cup level. Some mason jars come with embossed measurements, or you can draw a line with a marker.
 - A mason jar ring fitted with a round disk of #8 hardware cloth. This lid must fit on your mason jar.
 - Confectioner's sugar (powdered sugar or icing sugar)
 - A spoon
 - A container for counting mites. It should be white or at least very light colored so the mites can be seen.
 - A bucket, bowl, feeder, Tupperware container, or something that you will shake your bees into.
 - A small amount of water
Prepare all this equipment in advance. If you use a 5-gallon bucket to catch the bees, you can put the rest of your equipment in there for transport. Once in the apiary, lay out your equipment.
Now, here are the steps:
 1. Remove 1 or 2 frames of bees from the brood nest. Ideally, these frames will contain open brood and nurse bees. Make sure the frames you shake do not include the queen.
 2. Shake the frames over your bucket. Don't bang the frames, just shake.
 3. Take your bucket of bees, tap it so the bees collect on the bottom, and then pour them into your mason jar up to the 1/2-cup line. This will give you approximately 400* bees.
 4. Quickly screw on the modified lid.
 5. Pour the rest of the bees back in the hive.
 6. Spoon some confectioners sugar onto the mesh screen and work it through with your fingers.
 7. Shake the bees in the jar for about a minute to completely coat both bees and mites, using as much sugar as necessary.
 8. Invert the jar and shake it into your light-colored dish. Keep shaking until mites and sugar stop falling out.
 9. Add a small amount of water to your dish of mites. This dissolves the sugar and makes the mites easier to see.
 10. Count the mites.
This concludes the actual test. Next you will need to consult a chart in order to decide if you should treat for mites. Recommendations vary depending on the season and where you live. Also, recommendations may be given based on the number of mites per bee, in which case you will have to divide your mite count by the estimated number of bees in your sample.
Neither way counts every mite
None of the methods mentioned above—sugar, soap, or alcohol—count the mites under the brood caps, but most of the charts available take this into consideration. If you are uncertain, but sure to read the fine print.
Although this system is not perfect, it will give you a lot of information for a very small amount of effort. Give it a try and see how your mites are doing. One way or the other, you might be surprised.
*Estimates vary. According to Marla Spivak at the University of Minnesota, there are approximately 100 bees per fluid ounce.
Nick Holmes
Do you have a reference you can point at about the calculation for working out infestation levels, the only ones I know about are for mite drop through the screen floor under normal activity.
The University of Minnesota says this, "If you know how many bees were in your sample, you can estimate the number of mites per 100 bees. If there is brood in the colony when you sample, you should double this number to factor in the amount of mites in worker brood. For example, if there are 5 mites/100 bees, the total infestation is probably 10 mites/100 bees. If your colony has over 10-12 mites/100 bees, you should consider treatment."
On the other hand, The University of Montana recommends treating if you get 5-9 mites from a sugar roll containing 250 bees. I assume they are doubling the number to account for brood, which would give you 10-18 mites. Dividing that by 2.5 gives you 4-7 mites/100 bees. Those are fairly inconsistent, so I hesitate to recommend one over the other.
Today I opened up one of my hives to remove the spent HopGuard strips and put the quilt box on for the winter. I was surprised to find a nest of ladybugs under the telescopic outer cover and the inner cover. Although I have been bitten by the orange ladybugs before, I doubt the ladybugs would attack the bees but I was wondering if they would eat the mites. I would guess their main reason for being there was to stay warm and dry but wouldn't it be great if these are a natural predator of the varroa mites.
Nick Holmes
Ok thanks… gives me a start in terms of mites / role = infestation in hive. I should be able to extrapolate from that. Thanks 🙂
Hi Rusty,
I didn't want to use chemicals to treat, so I read & read to find the best way to treat for mites. So I settled on the wintergreen patty recipe you provided, sugar sprinkle, followed up with about 60 drops of peppermint oil mixed in about 2 pints or less of honey (theirs) in a baggie feeder. I also saturated strips of paper towels with a mixture of 1/2 cup corn oil and tea tree oil/peppermint oil/patchouli oil in a plastic condiment squeeze bottle, I used only 2 oils together. I laid the saturated 5×5 pieces of paper towels, 2 in each hive directly on the frames in the upper brood box, with the hopes they chew it up and get some oils. (I only overwinter with 2 deeps.) Oo I tucked them in with a candyboard, said a prayer and will check on them before deep winter sets in. This is just my second year so I'm still learning. I'm not a helicopter beekeeper. I'm pretty lazy, and I let the bees be bees. I don't go down in brood frames and examine and I don't cut things open or out. It's mostly because I do more harm being inexperienced than any real help. I hate tearing up all their hard work. The only thing I will do in the spring is try a walkaway split on my two hives. They beat me to it last palm Sunday lol!!!
Mark Martin
Very good! I actually tried the sugar roll method for the first time this year and had 4 mites drop. Ideally I would have done a set of brood frames in the top and bottom box and maybe averaged them together but I ran out of daylight. Hopefully the bees will make it through the winter and I can see how many mites drop next year in the spring, summer and fall.
PS – I'm trying the pine shavings in my ventilation board this winter. I'm excited to see how it works! Thanks!
I'm not sure exactly what you are asking... why what? But powdered sugar is found to be an effective mite control if done on a regular weekly schedule. It only gets part of the mites (and none under the cappings) so it must be repeated often. The sugar shake test dislodges a greater number of mites because you use


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Is there a way of finding the absolute position of an element, i.e. relative to the start of the window, using jQuery?
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2 Answers 2
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.offset() will return the offset position of an element as a simple object, eg:
var position = $(element).offset(); // position = { left: 42, top: 567 }
You can use this return value to position other elements at the same spot:
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I always forget this one, and find your post again when I google :p – Aren Jun 30 '11 at 23:14
This does not always seem to return the absolute position due to differences in borders etc. – Tom Jul 5 '11 at 12:07
I'm using chrome and the offset() does not return the proper top coordinate. It returns about 300 pixels more than the top coordinate of the element in the document instead. Why?? – SoLoGHoST Apr 23 '12 at 5:49
chrome, FF and IE are giving different results :( – Rizwan Mumtaz Apr 10 '13 at 7:02
_USER_ this problem appears in the android webview as well :/ – A Person Apr 13 '13 at 13:38
Note that $(element).offset() tells you the position of an element relative to the document. This works great in most circumstances, but in the case of position:fixed you can get unexpected results.
If your document is longer than the viewport and you have scrolled vertically toward the bottom of the document, then your position:fixed element's offset() value will be greater than the expected value by the amount you have scrolled.
If you are looking for a value relative to the viewport (window), rather than the document on a position:fixed element, you can subtract the document's scrollTop() value from the fixed element's offset().top value. Example: $("_TAG_").offset().top - $(document).scrollTop()
If the position:fixed element's offset parent is the document, you want to read parseInt($.css('top')) instead.
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I was looking exactly for this! For the noob like me: the value to be subtracted is $(document).scrollTop() – Dr. Gianluigi Zane Zanettini Aug 20 '14 at 14:56
Awesome! This should be the top answer! – Shivanshu Goyal Dec 20 '14 at 1:44
protected by Rob W Oct 30 '11 at 18:00
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Lima City Hall is located at 50 Town Square, Lima, OH 45801; phone: _PHONE_.
Lima was founded at the southern-end of the Great Black Swamp, an area inhabited by the Shawnee Indians until their removal to Kansas in the 1830's. Located on the banks of the Ottawa River (Hog Creek) it developed into the largest landlocked city in northwest Ohio with a population of 55,000. Historic resources most prominent are fine commercial and financial buildings erected following Lima's early industrial growth, particularly related to railroads and the oil industry.
Lima's periods of significance relate to commercial and industrial development:
_PHONE_'s: Lima became an agricultural center followed by the coming of the first railroad in 1858.
1870's: The first large industrial concerns including foundries and iron works countered commercial development of the Public Square.
_PHONE_: The discovery of oil in 1885 led to Lima's population tripling by the turn of the century with much new construction, including South Lima.
Early 20th century: Completion of the Texas oil pipeline, Standard Oil, banking and entertainment created new buildings up to the eve of the Depression.
Post-Depression: New building styles the end of the era of grand buildings.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


^Import Layered Photoshop Files into GoLive to Build Dhtml Code
When you import sliced Photoshop files into GoLive using the technique described in the previous tip, the file is placed as if it were a flattened Photoshop file. In other words, the individual layers in Photoshop are ignored. Suppose you wanted to import the text and graphic behind it separately, so they could each be moved independently on the web page in GoLive. To achieve this, you can actually import the layered Photoshop file right into GoLive.
While GoLive typically uses HTML table tags to organize slices from Photoshop files, layered Photoshop files are handled differently. Instead of static HTML table tags, GoLive uses Dynamic HTML (DHTML) to lay out the individual elements, which are called floating boxes in GoLive. The benefit of using DHTML is that each element's movements can be dynamically scripted on the page. For example, you could script a section of the page to disappear when a user clicks a certain button.
The drawback in using DHTML to lay out a page is that it's not fully supported by all the browsers your site's visitors may be using. For more information on DHTML and the browsers that support it, visit hotwired.lycos.com/webmonkey/authoring/dynamic_html/ or _URL_
TRY IT
To import a layered Photoshop file into GoLive to build DHTML code, open the page to which you want to add the file in GoLive. Or choose File I New Page to create a new page layout. Choose File I Import I Photoshop Layers To Floating Boxes. Select the layered Photoshop file you want to import and then specify the folder where GoLive should save the optimized files.
Next, GoLive opens the Save For Web dialog box to give you a chance to specify optimization settings for each layer in the image, starting with the lowest layer (usually the Background layer).
Make changes to the optimization settings as needed and then click Save. Repeat these steps until all the layers of your file have been optimized and are displayed in GoLive. If you don't want to import one of the layers in your file, click Cancel in the Save For Web dialog box when you see that layer appear. Only that layer will be cancelled, and you can continue optimizing the rest of the layers in the file.
To quickly optimize all remaining layers in a file with the same (current) optimization settings, hold down the CTRL key while clicking Save. Likewise, to cancel the optimization of all remaining layers (instead of just the current one), CTRL-click the Cancel button.
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Background and Aim: Mandibular impacted third molar surgery is considered as one of the most common surgical procedures done in oral cavity. It is frequently related with mild to severe complications and other factors. This study aimed to estimate the etiology, complications and quality of post surgical life as related to mandibular impacted third molar surgery. Materials & Methods: A cross sectional, questionnaire-based survey comprised of 100 patients of dental hospitalís oral surgery department. Author used preformed questionnaire having questions regarding etiology, complications and quality of post surgical life as related to mandibular impacted third molar surgery. This study comprised of records of patients and other available data. Response was recorded and data was processed statistically to estimate outcomes. Results: Statistical analysis using statistical software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The obtained data was subjected to relevant statistical tests to obtain p values, mean, standard deviation, standard error an 95% CI. Pain (70%) and inflammation (25%) was most common etiologies as reported by the studied patients. Edema (73%) and Hemorrhage (13%) was frequently observed complications. A very obvious decline in patients quality of life was also noted. Conclusion: This cross sectional study was completed using patientís data and questionnaire wherein we have outlines certain very imperative inferences. Pain and inflammation was most common etiologies as reported by the studied patients. Edema and Hemorrhage was commonly seen complications. A very reasonable decrease in patientís quality of life was observed.
Key words: Impacted third molar, Oral surgery, Complication, Quality of life.


Where Did the Expression "for the Love of Pete" Come From and What Does It Mean?
This phrase and others like it, for example "For Pete's sake", are euphemisms for the phrases "For the love of God/Christ" or "For God's/ Christ's sake" and hail from a time when those phases were considered blasphemous.
Nowadays phrases like "For the love of God" are commonly used, but the euphemisms are still used as well.
Other phrases with similar origins are "Zounds", archaic British slang, a contraction of "Christ's wounds"; "Oh my goodness" and "Oh my gosh" for "Oh my God; and "Gosh darn it" for "God damn it."


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elegant software you can hold in your hand
MileTracker is a power tool that makes tracking your mileage the easiest available. Its elegant user interface and full features makes it an essential tool for every iPhone or iPad user wishing to track their mileage.
 1. Super easy to use!
 2. Once enabled, you can leave the app, turn off your phone, or keep the app open. Its up to you. Regardless the app will still keep track of your mileage.
 3. VERY accurate, within 1/10 of a mile over a 50 mile trip.
IMPORTANT: Our competition (rhymes with "MileJug") has been found to be extremely in accurate short changing you miles each time it is used. This costs you serious money! It has been found to be 10% and sometimes more off. That is 5 miles on a 50 mile trip. Ouch!! If you are getting $.565 per mile than that is the cost of the app every time you travel 50 miles.
 1. if you wish to record your odometer readings to track your mileage, it is easy within MileTracker.
 2. If you already know the mileage and want to enter it, you can do that too.
 3. Change the allowance if necessary.
 4. Convenient large keyboard with decimal point.
 1. Keep track of each leg of your travels
 2. Save the location either by
 3. 1.Using your current location
 4. 2.Getting the address from your Contacts list
 5. 3.Enter the address if you know it
 6. Assign a "nickname" to any location you save so it is easily recognized by you.
Optional Location Awareness add-on that will detect your current location and compare it with your list of frequent locations. If there is a match, it will pre-fill the start location if you create a new entry. If the entry already has a start location, the app will prompt you to and allow you to enter the stop location.
MileTracker allows several different ways to record your mileage. You can:
 1. Track your every move via your current GPS location
 (even when you are within another app or your device is off)
 1. Enter a start and stop location
 (enter an address or use your current GPS location)
 1. Enter a start and stop odometer reading
 2. Enter the total mileage if you already know it
Once you are done recording all of your mileage, the app does not stop there. You can easily email or export the information in either an Excel friendly format (CSV) or an attractive, finished PDF report. The app offers numerous report templates to create the report you need.
 1. Organize your mileage and expense entries in logs. Easily keeps everything nicely filed and easy to find.
 2. Create as many logs as you wish. Create a log for each week, each month, each year, you choose! Create a log for each trip if that is how you wish to organize your time records. Its all up to you.
MileTracker is the best choice among mileage tracking apps because:
 1. It has the MOST accurate LIVE tracking available.
Many other apps short change the mileage you have traveled by 10% and even more. MileTracker has been tested to calculate a 50 mile trip within 1/10 of a mile. Click here to check out our help video on our live mileage tracking feature.
 1. It is the most flexible of the mileage tracking app's allowing you to track mileage the way you prefer.
In addition to the high tech methods of tracking mileage, you can use your odometer readings if you wish. Click here to check out our help video on the different ways to tracking mileage here.
 1. It allows you to build a list of frequent used locations. Noting where you have visited is as easy as selected the location from a list.
 1. The app offers an easy to use method to organize your entries into "Logs."
 1. MileTracker is chock full of different preferences allowing to make it "your own.
You can choose to hide fields you to do now wish to use or show those not included by default. These extra fields include:
Client, Merchant, Project, plus more.
 1. The absolute most attractive PDF mileage reports available. Choose from one of many templates to create the report you need.
 1. Backup up your data to iCloud
Live Mileage Tracking
Mileage tracking and reporting
Keeping Track of the Places you Visit
(another way to track your mileage)
Enter your Odometer reading
(if that is how you wish to track your mileage)
 1. The app will remember the last stop odometer reading and will pre-fill that value for the new entry's start reading.
 2. Supports Multiple Vehicles and remembers the last stop odometer for each of your vehicles if you have more than one.
 3. Note: By default the Multiple Vehicle support is disabled but can be easily enabled in the MileTracker Prefs screen).
Sort Bar
Tap to toggle between total mileage and total $
Customize what appears on the 2nd line
(even enable optional 3rd line too)
Optional Multiple Vehicle Support
Indicate if it is
one-way or round trip
Optional Field
Flag as Business or Personal
Optional Fields
Hide or Show as you wish
Link files from your email
Over a dozen different PDF templates to choose from


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Google Toolbar allows spoofing the information presented in the dialog which is being displayed when adding a new Google Toolbar button. This can allow an attacker to convince the users that his button comes from a trusted domain. This button can then be used to download malicious files or conduct phishing attacks (e.g. show a login form of a bank).
- Google Toolbar 5 beta for Internet Explorer
- Google Toolbar 4 for Internet Explorer
- Google Toolbar 4 for Firefox (partially)
Google Toolbar provides a nice API for creating toolbar buttons. Basically, the button information is stored in an XML file.
In order to add a button, the toolbar user must click on a specially crafted link which refers to the button's XML file. When the user click on the link, a dialog appears with all the following details: The domain where the button is being downloaded from, the name, description and icon of the button and some "privacy considerations", which basically shows the domains which the button interacts with (sends/receive information).
By creating a specially crafted URLs it is possible for an attacker to fake the domains displayed in the "Downloaded from" and "Privacy considerations" sections. This specially crafted URL can be created by simply adding an open redirector (e.g. in google.com - _URL_ before the URL.
An attacker can use this vulnerability to gain the victim's trust to add and use the button, and by that the victim will trust the files that the button offer, or enter private information. In the new beta version of the toolbar it is also possible to alert the user every few seconds to click on the button.
In the Firefox version of Google Toolbar it is only possible to fake the "Privacy considerations" section.
A proof-of-concept which adds a "critical update" button can be found here. Use it at your own risk, though it shouldn't do anything but suggest you to download gupdate.exe from my site, which is basically the windows calculator.
Workaround / Suggestion
Google have acknowledged this and are already working on a fix.
Until a fixed version is provided, I suggest to avoid adding new buttons to the toolbar.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


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Static Innox Notes
Turn Any Space into Creative Space with Statically Charged Innox Notes
Static Innox Notes are the new generation notes or Sticky Notes 2.0. They stick on both sides with static electricity to all flat surfaces,which makes them more practical,versatile and long-lasting compared to traditional sticky notes. You can write on them with pencils,pens, markers and the back side is dry erasable.With Innox Notes you can turn any space into creative space!
For Project Planning, Visualizing Ideas, Agile Methods
Innox Notes are an amazing tool for visualizing ideas and projects. The notes can be freely moved and they attach to any dry surface without leaving marks, which means they a great project management tool e.g. for Kanban, Agile, Lean, Scrum as they produce more efficient and productive internal or external meetings, conferences, brainstorming sessions, workshops, training sessions and courses.
For Office, Home, Decoration
Innox Notes have dozens of different uses. You can use them for project planning, seminars, agile methods, workshops and meetings. The notes can also be cut with scissors, which makes them an excellent tool for drawing, crafting and decoration.
1. Static Notes stick better than traditional notes to even surfaces and leave no marks
Innox Notes do not contain glue or adhesives. They stick on both sides with static electricity and full-coverage to the flat surfaces.
2. Cling to Several Smooth and Dry Surfaces
You can attach the static notes on a several different surfaces such as metal, cork board, brick, textiles, leather, paper and stone.
3. Dry Erasable Back Side
The white back side can be written on with water-based marker, wiped clean, and reused.
Innox Notes products are made of a polypropylene film with a special coating on the surface to create a long-lasting static charge. Innox Notes are 100 % recyclable, as they do not contain glue. Thus, the material can be recycled or recovered as energy without emissions!


work the room
Definition from Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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work the room
 1. (idiomatic, of a host, hostess, or guest) To interact enthusiastically with the attendees at an event, by moving among them, greeting them, and engaging them in conversation.
 As a campaigning politician, he really knew how to shake hands, kiss babies, and work the room.
 2. (idiomatic, of a performer or public speaker) To interact with one's audience, taking cues from its reactions and adapting one's performance or words to elicit the audience's attention and enthusiasm.
 - 1989, Alvin Klein, "Theatre: 'Jerry's Girls,' Revue, in East Windsor," New York Times, 26 Feb. (retrieved 3 July 2008):
 In show business parlance, Miss Hudson knows how to "work the room." Her comic turns are as rooted in vaudeville as her high-style wit is straight out of the smart supper club circuit.


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A cross country race is usually 5K (3.1 miles) for high school students and 3K (1.86 miles) for middle school students. The cross country season typically starts in September and ends in November. During a race, individuals and/or teams compete against one another to earn the fewest points.
|1. Event Logistics||6. Awards|
|2. Location and Course||7. Water|
|3. Organizing Heats||8. Wrap-Up|
|4. Timing||9. Additional Information / Ideas|
- The Event Planning Guide will help you consider the important elements in staging your athletic event.
- The Planning Timeline will help you carefully schedule your event preparations.
- The cross country Staffing and Supplies Checklist will help you assign roles to your colleagues and ensure you have everything you need for a successful event.
- The standard distance for a cross country race is 5K (3.1 miles) for high school students and 3K (1.86 miles) for middle school students, but the distance can be modified slightly to suit your students' needs.
- Make sure to measure the course accurately.
- Clearly identify the start and finish line(s) and mark the entire course for race day using cones or chalk.
- If participants will be out of sight for all or part of the race, plan on having plenty of marshals to guide runners and monitor the course.
- We suggest no more than 50 runners per heat.
- Decide how to organize heats in advance. You can divide participants by sex, class, age, height, skill, or simply by random assignment.
- Plan on a way to identify and separate heats. One option is to have separate areas with signs where each group can congregate. You can then walk each group to the start when it is their turn to run. Another possibility is to distribute colored or numbered stickers or wristbands to identify each heat, which you can then check as runners line up to run.
- Gather each heat 15 minutes before its start time so you can make sure all of the right participants are present for their heat.
- If you have time, you can start each heat so it finishes before the next one begins. If you are tight on time, you can space each heat several minutes apart. In that case, be sure heats are far enough apart that runners in different heats will not overlap with one another.
- Designate a timer at the finish line. If a printing stopwatch is available, click it each time a runner crosses the finish line to record their place and time. Later, you can use this information to compile the race results. Alternatively, assign a timer and a recorder. The timer will call out times as runners finish for a colleague to write down.
- Enlist several adults at the finish area to keep runners organized. When runners cross the finish line, keep them in order in a narrow area called a chute until you can note their finish places, names, and teams. Expedite this process by giving runners a sticker before the race with their name and team that you can remove at the finish line and organize on sheets of paper. If you don't have stickers, use a stack of pre-numbered index cards, indicating finish places, and hand them to runners as they finish. Runners can then proceed to a finish table to fill out their names and teams on the card. You can later match the finishers' names and places to the times on the stopwatch.
- A standard cross country team has seven scoring runners. You can allow teams with more runners as well as individuals, but they will not be considered in the team scoring.
- The first five runners' scores are included in the team score. For example, if Team A's runners finish in 2nd, 7th, 8th, 12th, 18th, 30th, and 31st, Team A receives 47 points. The team with the lowest score wins.
- Each scoring runner receives points corresponding to their overall place among other scoring runners. For example, if Team A has eight runners that finish in 1st through 8th place, and Team B's fastest runner finishes 9th, Team Bís top runner receives 8 points (Team Aís eighth runner is not included in scoring). In the event of a tie, you may consider including sixth and seventh place runners in team scores to determine a winner.
- While the sixth and seventh runners do not count towards their teamís score, they can still help their team win. If the sixth runner on a team comes in before the fifth runner on another team, they help increase the other team's score.
- For a traditional team-scored event, tally the results and present awards to the top teams and top individual finishers.
- For a less competitive event, you can station someone at the finish line to hand out participant awards as students finish or give them to each teacher or coach to distribute to their teams.
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Consider starting the event with a group warmup where you gather all participants together and have them follow along as an adult leads a simple warmup routine comprised of dynamic stretches and/or a brief jog. You can also organize a group cool-down.
- Try to position the warmup/cool-down leader above or below the runners (using stairs, a hill, or a stage) so the kids see the leader and can copy their movements. Provide a microphone if available.
- Play energizing music, if possible.
- Check out these sample warmup routines for some ideas:
In competitive settings, cross country runners often wear spikes. Spikes are shoes with metal spikes that improve a runner's traction. For a race with many beginners, or when a significant portion of the race will be run on hard surfaces (like concrete or asphalt), you may consider disallowing spikes. Check for any rules against spikes at the location of your race.Back to top


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Archaeological Research Laboratory, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden. Email: _EMAIL_
Cite this as: Glykou, A. 2014 Late Mesolithic-Early Neolithic Sealers: a case study on the exploitation of marine resources during the Mesolithic-Neolithic transition in the south-western Baltic Sea, Internet Archaeology 37. _URL_
This article explores the economic significance of marine resources in the south-western Baltic Sea during the transition to agriculture. Faunal remains are used in order to explain subsistence patterns, including preferred prey, exploitation of specific ecozones, hunting methods and techniques, butchering and dietary patterns. Seasonality can be linked to specific economic advantages that result from natural faunal abundances and not selective hunting. The importance of marine resources remains steady during the transition to agriculture, as shown by residue analysis on ceramic vessels from the same archaeological context as well as by faunal abundance.
Go to Table of Contents.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


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Rural property numbering
Rural properties are identified using a standard numbering system called RAPID - Rural Address Property Identification. The major benefit of RAPID numbering is that it saves time locating properties and occupants - especially for emergency services (ambulance, fire service, police).
How RAPID works
Properties are given a unique number based on their distance along a road from its start point or intersection with another road.
The number given to a property is calculated by multiplying the number of kilometres that property is from the start point of the road by 100.
Numbers of the right side of the road are even, those on the left side are odd.
Ongoing maintenance
Ongoing maintenance and replacement of the numbers are your responsibility. You should also control roadside vegetation so that the number remains clearly visible to passing vehicles.
If you have any questions about maintenance or position of RAPID numbers please contact us via email.
If you are subdividing, a new RAPID number will only be required for any new entrance ways created and will only be issued upon request. The existing entrance way will retain the current RAPID number and new numbers will be allocated to any new lots utilising the existing entrance way. This is because the RAPID number is based on a measured distance along a road.
Apply for or replace a RAPID number
Numbers are allocated on request where a formed entrance exists, and are usually triggered by a building consent application. Alternatively you may apply for or request a replacement RAPID number by completing the online application form.
Place your RAPID plate close to your driveway, on a letterbox, gatepost or fence facing the road.
It's not possible to change the number on request, as it reflects the distance along the road. We cannot change the number without compromising the integrity of the numbering system.
Properties on a state highway
State highway roads in the Hastings District may also have a local name for a portion of the road e.g. Korokipo Rd, Links Rd etc. The numbering works the same way and retains continuity along the entire section of the state highway within the district.
Can my stockyard or packing shed have a RAPID number?
Yes. Council is able to provide a RAPID number to any property as long as it has a formed entrance.
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Difference between T301 and T311
Hi LTE experts,
Can anyone briefly explain the solid difference between T301 and T311?
T311 starts while initiating RRC Reest, stops at cell found.
T301 starts at RRC Reest Request, and stops at Success or failure.
The difference is when each one is stopped.
T301 Stops at the Receipt of RRC Connection Re-establishment OR RRC Connection Re-Establishment REJECT message OR when selected cell becomes unsuitable to continue further.
T311 stops upon selection of suitable E-UTRA cell OR a cell using another RAT
In other words, T311 is for finding a cell after RLF to send Reest message, R301 is to get out of RLF by sending Reest message.
Yes, T311 is about selecting a cell in due time.


text:
|Spend the time||outdoors|
|Location||California United States|
An ant collecting kit provided by the Naturalist Center at the California Academy of Sciences.
Bay Area Ant Survey
The Bay Area Ant Survey is a citizen science program that gives the public a chance to participate in research by obtaining baseline data for ants living in local counties. The major goals of this scientific survey are to identify local species, chart native ant distributions, and provide baseline data to monitor the distribution of the invasive Argentine ant.
Participants collect ants and send their ant-filled vial and corresponding data sheet back to the Naturalist Center at the California Academy of Sciences. All specimens will be identified and entered in a database by an Academy entomologist. All results are then uploaded to AntWeb where the location and identification of the ants are made public. Your contribution becomes part of the scientific record!


A Couple of Things, and a Couple More
The word couple literally means "two," but it is often used to mean "an indefinite small number." So if you were to say, "I only have a couple of dollars," you would probably not be called out if you really had three or four.
However, your friend the grammar stickler might take exception if you said you had "a couple dollars." Although "a couple dollars" is common in everyday speech, traditionalists insist on "a couple of dollars." And since a couple of dollars doesn't sound stuffy or pretentious, why leave of out?
But things get tricky when couple is used with words and phrases of comparison, such as more, fewertoo many, too few. Many people would say a couple of more dollars, but in that construction the of is dropped: a couple more dollars and a couple too few dollars are correct. However, if we slightly revise those phrases, of must be put back: a couple of dollars more and a couple of dollars too few are correct.
When the noun couple refers to two people, you often see it used as a singular: The couple was having dinner. But the more one writes, the more one discovers that with couple the plural verb should be used unless there is an excellent reason not to.
While it is true that The couple was having dinner is unobjectionable, what if we expand the sentence a bit. If the subject of a sentence starts out singular, it should remain singular. So if we wanted to say where the dinner took place, we would be forced to write The couple was having dinner in its home. That is atrocious, but so is The couple was having dinner in their home. Therefore, make it The couple were having dinner in their home. And make couple plural whenever possible (which is most of the time). You'll be in good company.
We recently heard from a reader who objected to a sentence she found in one of our online quizzes: We'll hire the applicant whom we talked with. She urgently informed us that "you do not end a sentence with a preposition!!!!"
This "rule" is the Walking Dead of English-grammar superstitions—a festering pest that cannot be destroyed. We are scolded about it at least once a year, and without exception those who upbraid us offer no evidence to substantiate their claims. (That is because none exists.) So we hereby challenge anyone who still swears by this dubious principle to relocate the preposition in this sentence: Speak when you are spoken to.
20 Comments on A Couple of Things, and a Couple More
20 responses to "A Couple of Things, and a Couple More"
 1. Janice says:
 Is it a couples' banquet or a couple's banquet? I would hate to correct and be the one who needs correcting.
 2. Ramses IV says:
 Good devil! And I thought that the Portugese grammar was a nuts matter! Thanks for the savant clarifications. So it's not wrong to say: I had a couple of days off to sort things out?
 3. MK Harman says:
 Which is correct: a couple of more thoughts OR a couple more thoughts?
 4. David Teems says:
 The CMS (15th ed.) says, "Using COUPLE as an adjective is poor phrasing. Add OF (We watched a COUPLE OF movies). Hollywood particularly seems to have accepted the use of the word "couple," without the preposition "of." It is maddening to hear phrases like "a couple days" instead of "a couple of days," and so on. It is even more hideous to see it in print. Shudder. When we speak the word "couple" as in "a couple hours" the preposition seems to be there, though it is not. It is an illusion. To say "cup coffee" has the same effect. You almost hear the preposition though, again, it is absent. The deception is aural.
 5. Mark says:
 Speak when you are spoken to. At the risk of proven wrong with your challange, I submit the sentence below, removing the ending preposition. Is this acceptable?
 When spoken to, you may speak.
 - Your sentence does not solve the problem. Those who believe the discredited rule about prepositions at the end of a sentence would still object, because the preposition (they say) must always be followed by its object. Your preposition is followed by a comma. We used that sentence to show that English is not meant to follow Latin rules. English is a Germanic language, and such languages commonly place prepositions after their objects, and at the end of sentences.
 6. Chris says:
 The "couple was" problem is an example of why the British English system of notional agreement (synesis) is better than the American English system of unnecessarily formal agreement. Sense should trump form.
 7. Steven says:
 Speak only after someone has spoken to you.
 8. Sara says:
 "Speak when someone speaks to you."
 Ending a sentence with a preposition drives me crazy!
 - Nice try, but no soap. You had to rewrite the sentence.
 Our point was that in English, as with other Germanic languages, a preposition ending a sentence is the most natural thing in the world. What drives us crazy is the time wasted avoiding something that is perfectly acceptable. In this case, you have taken a clear, simple sentence that everyone has heard and seen many times, and unnecessarily replaced it with a clumsy paraphrase.
 - Dr. Jazz Normand says:
 "Speak when addressed." No, it doesn't have the alliteration. But it's correct grammar. (And yes, it's correct to begin a sentence with but or and.) However, you point out the complexities of English verbs that take prepositions, e.g. 'to point out.' Another is 'to be up to' as in "What are you up to?" English grammar is fun!
 - Your sentence is indeed "correct grammar," but so was our sentence. Our point was that the preposition in Speak when you are spoken to cannot be relocated, and it is pointless to rewrite clear, grammatical sentences in service to some daft, discredited superstition.
 9. Jared says:
 Thanks for this blog post. I was wondering about the extension of this concept to "group," "team," "family," etc. In these cases I'm much more likely to use "its," even if sounds a little awkward. "The team was practicing in its stadium," or "The family was piling into its minivan." Or would these be better as plurals as well?
 Also, I've noticed that Brits often take the approach of using a plural to refer to groups, even without a phrase of comparison. For instance, "The family are eating dinner," "The group are against that idea," or even with companies, "Morgan Stanley are keen to move forward." I was wondering if you had any thoughts on this? I always try to avoid plurals and go with singular in these cases, but I thought that was American English versus British.
 Thanks again!
 10. Chuck says:
 What about the phrase, we will couple the train cars together. Than it is used as a verb, and means a action. It does not mean two. Am I correct?
Leave a Comment or Question:


text:
|Primary outflows||Pili river|
In 1912, Gorewada lake was developed by the water works department as the primary drinking water source for Nagpur's 1.01 lakh population. Bordered by thick forest, Gorewada lake and its surrounding is the habitat for avian species and some wild life.
|This Nagpur district, Maharashtra, India location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.|


text:
For General Information about Permission Numbers, review the About Permission Numbers page.
How to Retrieve your Permission Numbers
- Login to Bionic and navigate to Self Service > Faculty Center (My Schedule)
- If necessary, click the Change Term, green box, to select the appropriate term.
- Locate the lock icon next to the course number to display the permission numbers.
- The list will appear on the screen and give you the option to download the list into Excel. After the permission numbers have expired, the numbers will not appear.
If you have any questions about your permission numbers or need additional numbers, please let the Registrar's Office know.


text:
Audio-Technica, a leading innovator in transducer technology currently celebrating "50 Years of Passionate Listening," is proud to announce that the paper "On the Study of Ionic Microphones" and its writers were selected as the recipients of the "AES 133rd peer review paper award, signifying it as the "best paper of the show." The paper, composed by Hiroshi Akino, Audio-Technica Corp., Japan, with Hirofumi Shimokawa, Kanagawa Institute of Technology, Japan, and Jackie Green and Tadashi Kikutani of Audio-Technica U.S., was presented at a juried paper session at the 133rd AES Convention in San Francisco, California.
Jackie Green stated, "We are honored and delighted to receive this recognition. Audio-Technica has been at the forefront of many technology paradigm shifts, yet historically we have published very little regarding our research. We look forward to taking a more active role in advancing the art and science of audio technology, and sharing this information with our distinguished peers."
The paper encapsulates the following research: Diaphragm-less ionic loudspeakers using both low-temperature and high-temperature plasma methods have already been studied and developed for practical use. This study examined using similar methods to create a diaphragm-less ionic microphone. The paper reviews the experimental outcome of two ionic methods, and considerations given to resolve issues revealed by the study.


text:
The UNC Nutrition Research Institute and the UNC Nutrition and Obesity Research Center present a workshop on Nutrigenetics, Nutrigenomics and Precision Nutrition.
May 22-25, 2017 • Kannapolis, NC
This short course is designed for graduate students, health professionals and nutrition scientists from academia and industry. The workshop-style course will provide the fundamental concepts of nutrigenetics, nutrigenomics and personalized nutrition through cutting edge presentations and hands-on experiences. Attendees will be afforded the opportunity to participate in a personal DNA test and examine their own nutrigenetic data.
401 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081


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I am using the kmeans() function in R and I was curious what is the difference between the totss and tot.withinss attributes of the returned object. From the documentation they seem to be returning the same thing, but applied on my dataset the value of totss is 66213.63 and for tot.withinss is 6893.50. Please let me know if you are familiar with mroe details. Thank you!
Marius.
share|improve this question
2 Answers 2
up vote 10 down vote accepted
Given the between sum of squares betweenss and the vector of within sum of squares for each cluster withinss the formulas are these:
totss = tot.withinss + betweenss
tot.withinss = sum(withinss)
For example, if there were only one cluster then betweenss would be 0, there would be only one component in withinss and totss = tot.withinss = withinss.
For further clarification, we can compute these various quantities ourselves given the cluster assignments and that may help clarify their meanings. Consider the data x and the cluster assignments cl$cluster from the example in help(kmeans). Then if we define the sum of squares function as:
ss <- function(x) sum(scale(x, scale = FALSE)^2)
we have:
example(kmeans) # create x and cl
betweenss <- ss(cl$centers[cl$cluster,]) # or ss(fitted(cl))
withinss <- sapply(split(as.data.frame(x), cl$cluster), ss)
tot.withinss <- sum(withinss) # or resid <- x - fitted(cl); ss(resid)
totss <- ss(x) # or tot.withinss + betweenss
cat("totss:", totss, "tot.withinss:", tot.withinss,
 "betweenss:", betweenss, "\n")
# compare above to:
str(cl)
EDIT:
Since this question was answered, R has added additional similar kmeans examples (example(kmeans)) and a new fitted.kmeans method and we now show how the fitted method fits into the above in the comments trailing the code lines.
share|improve this answer

Ahum. So the tot.withinss should be the total within cluster variation and the totss should be the overall data variation. total within cluster variation + the ss of the cluster centers. Right? – Marius Dec 26 '11 at 17:50

I have added some further clarification. – G. Grothendieck Dec 26 '11 at 18:15

So, if one wants to find out the total within cluster variation, then tot.whitinss is the one. Thank you. – Marius Dec 26 '11 at 18:50

that means the higher the between_SS / total_SS (%), the better the clustering?? isn't it?? – ToNoY Jul 18 '13 at 3:55

@ToNoY, Right. Try kmeans(rep(1:2, 4), 2) to see a perfect fit. – G. Grothendieck Jul 18 '13 at 15:54
I think you have spotted an error in the documentation ... which says:
withinss The within-cluster sum of squares for each cluster.
totss The total within-cluster sum of squares.
tot.withinss Total within-cluster sum of squares, i.e., sum(withinss).
If you use the sample dataset in the help page example:
> kmeans(x,2)$tot.withinss
[1] 15.49669
> kmeans(x,2)$totss
[1] 65.92628
> kmeans(x,2)$withinss
[1] 7.450607 8.046079
I think someone should write a request to the r-devel mailing list asking that the help page be revised. I'm willing to do so if you don't want to.
share|improve this answer

Thanks for the quick reaction. I was thinking the same.. that there is an error in the doc.. unfortunately not the only one as I saw. You can write if you want a request to them. The main point is that I am also using a genetic k-means algorithm and I wanted to compare the results. Now I do not know which should be the one to take in consideration.. – Marius Dec 26 '11 at 17:11

Which one to do what with? (There are too many pronouns and adjectives, not enough nouns in either your statement of confusion or my counter-question.) – BondedDust Dec 26 '11 at 17:48

:/ if there is no programming language syntax involved you pick on grammar? I wanted to compare the results of the genetic k-means algorithm with the results of the kmeans function in R. The main point is to minimize the within cluster variation. The returned kmeans object in R has 2 attributes defined the same in the doc. There is only one result that is to be compared. – Marius Dec 26 '11 at 17:56

Semantics, not grammar. I cannot (even yet) figure out what sort of comparison you want to do. How am I supposed to know what the "genetic k-means" function, however it might be implemented, is returning? – BondedDust Dec 26 '11 at 18:13

Hehehe.. I was sure you're gonna say semantics :] Well the idea is that the kmeans algorithm is an optimization problem. Genetic algorithms have a pretty large applicability in this domain and the fitness function (in this case) is the minimization of the total within cluster variation, based on the sum of squares. So the genetic algorithm also returns the total within cluster variation but the kmeans object that the R function returns has two attributes that are supposed to deliver the same characteristic. I do not know which of the two is the right one that I can compare with my results. – Marius Dec 26 '11 at 18:25
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What is IntPtr Zero?
What is IntPtr Zero?
A read-only field that represents a pointer or handle that has been initialized to zero. public: static initonly IntPtr Zero; C# Copy.
Can IntPtr be null?
IntPtr is a value type and cannot be null.
What is IntPtr?
The IntPtr type is designed to be an integer whose size is platform-specific. The IntPtr type can be used by languages that support pointers and as a common means of referring to data between languages that do and do not support pointers. IntPtr objects can also be used to hold handles.
What is IntPtr handle?
This is typically referring to an operating system Handle, and used internally. For example, Windows Forms uses an IntPtr to refer to the Control's native Window Handle (HWND).
What is Gchandle C#?
Synopsis. This class is used when you need to pass a managed object to unmanaged code. Normal , which ensures that the object will not be freed by the garbage collector. (This means that some kind of user code must also call the Free() method in order to release the object.)
What is IntPtr C++?
IntPtr can refer to a conventional pointer of C++, whatever it is : void*, int*, long*, float*, so on. If you are gonna call a C++ function which returns a pointer or need a referenced pointer parameter, you surely needs IntPtr in your C# code like you wrote. Permalink.
What is GCHandle?
The GCHandle structure is used with the GCHandleType enumeration to create a handle corresponding to any managed object. When the handle has been allocated, you can use it to prevent the managed object from being collected by the garbage collector when an unmanaged client holds the only reference.
When to use intptr.zero instead of null?
When calling the Windows API from managed code, you can pass IntPtr.Zero instead of null if an argument is expected to be either a pointer or a null. For example, the following call to the Windows CreateFile function supplies IntPtr.Zero for the pSecurityAttributes and hTemplateFile argument values.
How to create an intptr zero field in Windows?
Module Example Private Const GW_OWNER As Integer = 4 Private Declare Function GetWindow Lib "user32" (hWnd As IntPtr, wFlag As Integer) As IntPtr Public Sub Main () Dim hwnd = new IntPtr (3) Dim hOwner As IntPtr = GetWindow (hwnd, GW_OWNER) If hOwner = IntPtr.Zero Then Console.WriteLine ("Window not found.")
How do you make a cell have a zero value?
You can press Ctrl+1, or on the Home tab, click Format > Format Cells. Click Number > General to apply the default number format, and then click OK. Select the cell that contains the zero (0) value. On the Home tab, click the arrow next to Conditional Formatting > Highlight Cells Rules Equal To.
How to tell if an intptr has been set?
You can determine if it has been set by comparing it to the value returned by a constructor, for example: " if ip != new IntPtr (0)… ". However, invoking a constructor to get an uninitialized pointer is inefficient.
What is IntPtr Zero? A read-only field that represents a pointer or handle that has been initialized to zero. public: static initonly IntPtr Zero; C# Copy. Can IntPtr be null? IntPtr is a value type and cannot be null. What is IntPtr? The IntPtr type is designed to be an integer whose size is platform-specific.…


I'm trying to extract a section of a raster file that overlaps with a polygon shapefile in QGIS 2.18.3. When I run extract, I'm left with a large null value area as part of the extent of the output raster.
I have the polygon (.shp):
vector mask
And the raster (.tif) which had this large null value area since the first time I clipped one of two DEMs that were merged together to create this layer:
I used Raster -> Extraction -> Clipper tool with the.tif input and.shp mask layer shown above, and it produced this output:
Using clipping option "Crop the extent of the target dataset to the extent of the cutline" didn't do much better:
clipped to extent ws dem
Here are the settings I'm using in QGIS' clipping tool:
clipping config
How do I get the DEM clipped exactly to the boundaries of the shapefile of interest in QGIS? Open to recommendations of other open source GIS tools as well but would prefer using this since I'm already up and running and learning my way around it.
The raster is clipped exactly to the shapefile boundaries.
But remember, a raster is a kind of matrix. It's composed by n rows and m columns, so the extent of it is rectangular.
The black area are pixels without values, so you only have valid pixels in the extent of the shapefile.
If you want to hide null pixels, check this answer How to display NoData of a raster in QGIS.
What have you done is clip out some values. The result is the desired but the meaning is different:
What have you done:
enter image description here
In this case, NULL pixels are defined by a value equals to 255. You can clip out those pixels setting a max of 254 and clipping out the remains values:
enter image description here
Sure work, even you can set two boundaries to remove some values of the render (min and max). But QGIS has a dedicated section to remove NULL or No Data values. Gives you more control about how to handle these values:
enter image description here
 - Aha! That linked question is the opposite of what I wanted to do but led me to the answer: on the raster layer in question, go to properties, style, load min/max values, then check "clip extent to canvas". I applied that and got a raster with the extent only displaying as the vector's boundary. – cr0 Jul 31 '17 at 1:29
 - I think your answer is pretty complete if you add that last part. You could take my text and add it, then I'll check yours off. Thanks – cr0 Jul 31 '17 at 1:29
 - _USER_ ok, I updated my answer – aldo_tapia Jul 31 '17 at 14:03
Your Answer


Macaulay2 » Documentation
Packages » OldPolyhedra :: Working with fans
next | previous | forward | backward | up | index | toc
Working with fans
We start by constructing a fan, which consists of a single cone and all of its faces:
i1 : C = posHull matrix {{1,0,0},{0,1,0},{0,0,1}}
o1 = {ambient dimension => 3 }
 dimension of lineality space => 0
 dimension of the cone => 3
 number of facets => 3
 number of rays => 3
o1 : Cone
i2 : F = fan C
o2 = {ambient dimension => 3 }
 number of generating cones => 1
 number of rays => 3
 top dimension of the cones => 3
o2 : Fan
By this, we have already constructed the fan consisting of the positive orthant and all of its faces. The package saves the generating cones of the fan, which can be accessed by:
i3 : maxCones F
o3 = {{ambient dimension => 3 }}
 dimension of lineality space => 0
 dimension of the cone => 3
 number of facets => 3
 number of rays => 3
o3 : List
Now we could expand the fan by adding more cones, for example the following:
i4 : C1 = posHull matrix {{1,0,0},{1,1,0},{0,0,-1}}
o4 = {ambient dimension => 3 }
 dimension of lineality space => 0
 dimension of the cone => 3
 number of facets => 3
 number of rays => 3
o4 : Cone
But in this case we can not, because the two cones are not compatible, i.e. their intersection is not a face of each. So, when one tries to add a cone to a fan that is not compatible with one of the generating cones of the fan, the function addCone gives an error. For two cones one can check if their intersection is a common face by using commonFace:
i5 : commonFace(C,C1)
o5 = false
Since the intersection of both is already computed in this function there is a different function, which also returns the intersection, to save computation time when one needs the intersection afterward anyway:
i6 : (b,C2) = areCompatible(C,C1)
o6 = (false, {ambient dimension => 3 })
 dimension of lineality space => 0
 dimension of the cone => 2
 number of facets => 2
 number of rays => 2
o6 : Sequence
i7 : rays C2
o7 = | 0 1 |
 | 1 1 |
 | 0 0 |
 3 2
o7 : Matrix ZZ <--- ZZ
So we can make the cone compatible and add it to the fan.
i8 : C1 = posHull matrix {{1,0,0},{0,1,0},{0,0,-1}}
o8 = {ambient dimension => 3 }
 dimension of lineality space => 0
 dimension of the cone => 3
 number of facets => 3
 number of rays => 3
o8 : Cone
i9 : F = addCone(C1,F)
o9 = {ambient dimension => 3 }
 number of generating cones => 2
 number of rays => 4
 top dimension of the cones => 3
o9 : Fan
Instead of creating a fan with one cone and then adding more cones, we can also make a fan out of a list of cones:
i10 : C2 = posHull matrix {{-1,0,0},{0,1,0},{0,0,1}};
i11 : C3 = posHull matrix {{-1,0,0},{0,1,0},{0,0,-1}};
i12 : C4 = posHull matrix {{-1,0,0},{0,-1,0},{0,0,1}};
i13 : C5 = posHull matrix {{-1,0,0},{0,-1,0},{0,0,-1}};
i14 : F1 = fan {C2,C3,C4,C5}
o14 = {ambient dimension => 3 }
 number of generating cones => 4
 number of rays => 5
 top dimension of the cones => 3
o14 : Fan
Furthermore, we could add a list of cones to an existing fan:
i15 : C6 = posHull matrix {{1,0,0},{0,-1,0},{0,0,1}};
i16 : C7 = posHull matrix {{1,0,0},{0,-1,0},{0,0,-1}};
i17 : F1 = addCone( {C6,C7}, F1)
o17 = {ambient dimension => 3 }
 number of generating cones => 6
 number of rays => 6
 top dimension of the cones => 3
o17 : Fan
Finally, we can add a whole fan to another fan:
i18 : F1 = addCone(F,F1)
o18 = {ambient dimension => 3 }
 number of generating cones => 8
 number of rays => 6
 top dimension of the cones => 3
o18 : Fan
So, fan and addCone are the methods to construct fans ''from scratch'', but there are also methods to get fans directly, for example normalFan, which constructs the inner normal fan of a polytope.
i19 : P = hypercube 4
o19 = {ambient dimension => 4 }
 dimension of lineality space => 0
 dimension of polyhedron => 4
 number of facets => 8
 number of rays => 0
 number of vertices => 16
o19 : Polyhedron
i20 : F2 = normalFan P
o20 = {ambient dimension => 4 }
 number of generating cones => 16
 number of rays => 8
 top dimension of the cones => 4
o20 : Fan
Now we have seen how to construct fans, so we turn to functions on fans, for example the direct product (directProduct:
i21 : F3 = fan {posHull matrix {{1}},posHull matrix {{-1}}}
o21 = {ambient dimension => 1 }
 number of generating cones => 2
 number of rays => 2
 top dimension of the cones => 1
o21 : Fan
i22 : F1 = F3 * F1
o22 = {ambient dimension => 4 }
 number of generating cones => 16
 number of rays => 8
 top dimension of the cones => 4
o22 : Fan
The result is in the direct product of the ambient spaces.
i23 : ambDim F1
o23 = 4
Of course, we can check if two fans are the same:
i24 : F1 == F2
o24 = true
A bit more on fans can be found in part 2: Working with fans - Part 2.


text:
Blunt Family History
Blunt Name Meaning
nickname for someone with fair hair or a light complexion, from Anglo-Norman French blunt 'blond' (Old French blund, blond, of Germanic origin). nickname for a stupid person, from Middle English blunt, blont 'dull', 'stupid' (probably from Old English blinnan 'to stop', or Old Norse blundr 'sleep').
Source: Dictionary of American Family Names ©2013, Oxford University Press


text:
Port of Piraeus, Greece
Gross Floor Area:
9 000 m2
Piraeus Tower 2010 – Changing the Face / Façades Reformation — International Architectural Competition
GreekArchitects.gr & DuPont Hellas
Piraeus is one of the symbols of Greece as its largest port. The tower is the most remarkable contemporary structure in the city and the first one seen from the sea. As a renewed symbol of Piraeus it can become a new symbol of the country too.
The Greek flag is beautiful, with an easily recognized simple and clear design. The proportions of the tower match almost exactly these of the flag. It is superimposed on two of the elevations as a three-dimensional structure, projecting form the façade plane, serving also as sun-shades.
The tower's proportions convey the feeling of a much lower building. For compensation, a new free-standing structure is raised on top, making the building higher and shading the top-floor terrace.
A pattern of opaque ceramic dots is applied on the glass to reduce the sunlight. They are larger on upper floors and decrease to lower ones. The dots are painted in white and black, according to the colours of the flag.


text:
DCS: Combined Arms gives you control of ground forces during the battle. Use the Command Map to move ground forces, set artillery fire missions, and control the ground battle. Assume the role of a Joint Terminal Attack Controller (JTAC) in multiplayer and designate targets for player-controlled close air support aircraft, or directly control armor vehicles or air defense weapons and engage the enemy.
Play DCS: Combined Arms as a real time strategy game, a first person armor warfare game, or direct the ground battle from the cockpit of a DCS aircraft like the A-10C Warthog, Ka-50 Black Shark, or P-51D Mustang.
DCS: Combined Arms supports both single player and multiplayer gameplay. When in multiplayer, different players can take on different roles such as artillery commanders, tank commanders, pilots, JTACS, etc. DCS: Combined Arms allows you full control of the battle. All roles can be changed dynamically during the battle.
Source: Digital Combat Simulator


Migrating a web ACL: switchover - AWS WAF, AWS Firewall Manager, and AWS Shield Advanced
Migrating a web ACL: switchover
After you've verified your new web ACL settings, you can start to use it in place of your AWS WAF Classic web ACL.
You might encounter a brief disruption as you change the resource association to the new web ACL.
To begin using your new AWS WAF web ACL
 1. Associate the AWS WAF web ACL with the resources that you want to protect, following the guidance at Associating or disassociating a web ACL with an AWS resource. This automatically disassociates the resources from the old web ACL.
 2. Configure logging for the new web ACL, following the guidance at Logging web ACL traffic information.
 3. (Optional) If your AWS WAF Classic web ACL is no longer associated with any resources, consider removing it entirely from AWS WAF Classic. For information, see Deleting a Web ACL.


text:
According to the documentation here, 'keyboard' input is supported for online experiments, but 'free text' is not. What exactly is the difference between the two? And why is only one supported? From my experience with psychopy in the past, having free text input in an experiment would require manually recording keyboard inputs one by one, so I wanted to know why this is the case.
Yes, you can get free text responses if you code them yourself, keypress by keypress.
What the docs are referring to is that we would eventually like to create a text component that would handle all of this for you, without any custom code required.


text: The europe gas turbine market size is anticipated to expand at a CAGR of 2.8% during the forecast period, 2021 – 2028. The growth of the market is attributed to impact of the shale gas revolution. A gas turbine is also called a combustion turbine. It is a type of continuous and internal combustion engine. The main elements of gas turbine engine are upstream rotating gas compressor, combustor, downstream turbine, and turbine electric generator.


As installed, the Oracle ATG Web Commerce default configuration enables event messaging for distributed TCP caching mode; you only need to ensure that the das_gsa_subscriber table is properly created in your database.
Event server
All SQL repositories in a given Oracle ATG Web Commerce instance set their eventServer property to the same event server component. The default component path is:
Event server ports
By default, each event server listens for cache invalidation events on a port that is randomly assigned by the operating system. Alternatively, you can set an event server component's port property to a permanent port number—for example, in order to bypass a firewall.
Event server connection timeout
Occasionally, an Oracle ATG Web Commerce instance's event server is inaccessible—for example, the host machine has gone down. You can control the length of time allowed to establish a socket connection to an event server through its connectTimeout property—by default, set to 60000 milliseconds.
If a connection attempt times out, the event server attempting to connect prints a warning message. Also, the routing information for the item descriptor on the unresponsive Oracle ATG Web Commerce instance is removed from das_gsa_subscriber. The event server starts a new connection attempt after the time span specified in its connectRetryTimeout property, initially set to 120000 milliseconds.
GSAEvent timeout
An event server determines whether other event servers are alive by their responses to the GSAEvents that it sends. If an event server does not respond within the time span specified by its sendRemoteEventTimeout property—by default, 60000 milliseconds—the sending event server assumes an invalid socket connection to the non-responding event server and drops the corresponding GSAConnection from its connection table. It then attempts to reconnect within the time span specified by its connectTimeout property.
An event server uses its sendRemoteEventTimeout property only if its enableSendRemoteEventTimeout property is set to true (the default setting).


Create a Delphi Form From a String
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There may be instances when you do not know the exact class type of a form object. You may only have the string variable carrying the name of the form's class, such as "TMyForm".
Note that the Application.CreateForm() procedure expects a variable of type TFormClass for its first parameter. If you can provide a TFormClass type variable (from a string), you will be able to create a form from its name.
Sample Exercise
 1. Create a new Delphi project and name the main form: MainForm (TMainForm).
 2. Add three new forms to the project, name them:
 3. FirstForm (TFirstForm)
 4. SecondForm (TSecondForm)
 5. ThirdForm (TThirdForm)
 6. Remove the three new forms from the "Auto-create Forms" list in the Project-Options dialog.
 7. Drop a ListBox on the MainForm and add three strings: 'TFirstForm', 'TSecondForm', and 'TThirdForm'.
procedure TMainForm.FormCreate( Sender: TObject);
RegisterClass(TFirstForm); RegisterClass(TSecondForm); RegisterClass(TThirdForm);
In the MainForm's OnCreate event register the classes:
procedure TMainForm.CreateFormButtonClick( Sender: TObject);
s : string;
s := ListBox1.Items[ListBox1.ItemIndex]; CreateFormFromName(s);
Once the button is clicked, find the selected form's type name, and call a custom CreateFormFromName procedure:
procedure CreateFormFromName(
const FormName : string);
fc : TFormClass; f : TForm;
fc := TFormClass(FindClass(FormName)); f := fc.Create(Application); f.Show;
; (* CreateFormFromName *)
If the first item is selected in the list box, the "s" variable will hold the "TFirstForm" string value. The CreateFormFromName will create an instance of the TFirstForm form.
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Your Citation
Gajic, Zarko. "Create a Delphi Form From a String." ThoughtCo, Aug. 28, 2020, Gajic, Zarko. (2020, August 28). Create a Delphi Form From a String. Retrieved from Gajic, Zarko. "Create a Delphi Form From a String." ThoughtCo. (accessed August 5, 2021).


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Let $A$, $B$ and $C$ be discrete countable groups. Let $\alpha$ be an action of $A$ on $B$ and let $\beta$ be an action of $B$ on $C$.
Question Does there always exist a group $G$ which has $A$, $B$ and $C$ as subgroups and such that the group generated by $A$ and $B$ is $A\ltimes B$ and the group generated by $B$ and $C$ is $B\ltimes C$?
One obvious situation when such a group $G$ exists is when the action $\beta$ extends to an action of $A\ltimes B$. Then we can take $G=(A\ltimes B)\ltimes C$. But I'm interested in situations when $\beta$ doesn't extend.
For example take $A$ to be the infinite cyclic group with generator $t$, $B$ to be the free group on infinitely many generators indexed by $\mathbb Z$ (denote the generators by $g_n, n\in \mathbb Z$), and $C$ to be the rational numbers. Let $g_n$ act on $C$ by multiplication by $n$ if $n\neq 0$ and by identity for $n=0$, and let $t$ act on $B$ by sending $g_n$ to $g_{n+1}$.
Question In this specific situation does there exist $G$ as above?
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The solution below via HNN-extensions shows this works in general, by appealing to 'big' groups. An interesting further question is "When does there exist a group $G$ as above, generated by $A, B$ and $C$?" – Jonathan Kiehlmann Jul 7 '11 at 11:55
The amalgamated product is generated by $A,B,C$. You probably meant something else. – Mark Sapir Jul 7 '11 at 13:24
1 Answer 1
up vote 12 down vote accepted
The answer to the specific question is "yes". Let $U$ be the semidirect product of $C$ and $B$. Then as $G$, you take the HNN extension of $U$ with the free letter $t$ and associated subgroups equal to $B$, with the automorphism provided by the shift of generators. The result then follows from the usual properties of HNN extensions. The same argument applies in general when $A$ is cyclic.
In general you can take the semidirect products and take their amalgamated product with amalgamated subgroup $B$.
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Your Answer


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Australian National Veterans Arts Museum honoured with community award
A world-first Veteran's Public Arts Trail that weaves together history and the creativity of war veterans, extending from the CBD to Southbank, has been recognised with a prestigious award.
Designed by the Australian National Veterans Arts Museum (ANVAM), the trail is a four-kilometre path from Little Collins St to the Victoria Barracks in Southbank and features 20 public artworks and buildings created by about 20 different members of the war veteran community.
In recognition of their outstanding initiative, which was made possible with the collaboration of Open House Melbourne, ANVAM was honoured with a commendation as part of the Public Record Office Victoria's Community History Awards.
ANVAM chairman and director Mark Johnston who led the trail, which concludes at the former Repatriation Clinic at 310 St Kilda Rd, said it served as a power narrative in showcasing the individual experiences and perspectives of veterans.
"As a museum, it's important to us to be working with a modern-day veteran community and to showcase the stories of contemporary veterans to the broader community and to help facilitate contemporary veterans to tell their story through the arts," Mr Johnston said.
"Part of that is looking to our history and our heritage within the veteran community, what veterans have done not on the battlefield but in the arts, which has happened in and around the battlefield."
Trench art, for example, is a form of art that that emerged out of WWI and maybe earlier, but certainly WWI which is a way veterans kept themselves busy and occupied.
The public arts trail includes 3D sculptures and 2D murals as well as buildings and other landmarks designed or sponsored by veterans as artists, architects, and arts patrons.
Veterans include the world's oldest practicing veteran artist, Erwin Fabian, of North Melbourne who lived to 104 years old; Nora Heysen, who was the first woman to win the Archibald and is one of 14 veterans to have collectively won more than a third of all Archibalds, and Sir Robert Risson, who was credited with saving Melbourne's tram network.
There's also a sculpture on St Kilda Rd of Australia surgeon Sir Edward "Weary" Dunlop, created by Peter Corlette, whose father served in WWII.
The statue at Kings Domain is part of the City of Melbourne Art and Heritage Collection, and honours Dunlop's leadership while being held prisoner by the Japanese during WWI.
"It is just one of many such life-size sculptures around Melbourne," Mr Johnston said.
"I started on the journey to look at the local examples of that and there was just such a plethora of that around Melbourne and Southbank and Melbourne, CBD and Southbank, that it became an obvious thing to want to showcase that to the public."
The commendation was part of the Local History Project Award category, which Mr Johnston said was a "source of pride" as he believed the trail was "the only one of its type in the world".
ANVAM hopes to recruit volunteers who would like to host the trail, and welcomes expressions of interest.
Tours of the trail were held last year and will be staged again as part of Festival of Veterans Art 2024 in March and the Open House Melbourne weekend in July.
ANVAM has applied for grant funding to support the development of its capability to regularly host the unique trail through Melbourne and Southbank. •
Caption: The Australian National Veterans Arts Museum hosts a tour of the Veteran's Public Arts Trail.


What Are Swedish Showers?
You likely are familiar with the standard shower that uses one shower head to deliver a constant stream of water. Other types of showers are also available, including the Swedish shower. A Swedish shower is also called a Swiss Shower and use multiple water jets for hydrotherapy.
Swedish showers use multiple water jets.
A Swedish shower has a shower head at the top, similar to any other type of shower setup, but that's where the similarities come to an end. Swedish showers also have jets located all around the shower, usually four rows of four jets. These 16 jets provide the user with 360 degrees of shower jets.
True Swedish showers are designed to fluctuate between cold and hot water to assist in circulation. The two temperatures alternate for several seconds at a time. These types of showers are most often seen in spa environments. The temperatures in a Swedish shower range from 45 to 105 degrees Fahrenheit, which can be dangerous for people with high blood pressure or women who are pregnant.
Swedish showers are most often used for hydrotherapy in spas, using their pressure to relieve sore muscles and aid in circulation. In addition, the constant temperature fluctuations of the Swedish shower's water cause the capillaries in the skin to contract and dilate, which also increases blood circulation in the skin.
Many home shower manufacturers provide different shower models that resemble Swedish showers and include the 16 water jets along the walls of the shower. Homeowners can enjoy Swedish showers at home, but should discuss what they want out of their showers with their installers or the manufacturers. Not all Swedish showers will provide the same pressure and temperature benefits as the Swedish showers found in spas do, as some merely have extra jets and are not programmed to fluctuate in temperature or pressure.


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Solid-phase extraction (SPE) is a sample preparation methodology that involves separating compounds from within solid samples by suspending them in a liquid mixture and promoting agitation. This process allows researchers to isolate desirable analytes from the broader sample matrix. Various application specific SPE methods exist, but the QuEChERS method is the preferred laboratory mixing technique for maximum extraction yields of environmental contaminants from organic samples. Laboratory products that operate on the QuEChERS method are designed to be quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe.
This article will explore the principles of the QuEChERS method in more detail:
What is the QuEChERS Method?
The QuEChERS method of laboratory mixing involves agitating a sample through vigorous mechanical shaking. When the resultant sample is a homogenous consistency, compounds can be partitioned by suspending samples in a specialized solvent or preparation reagent and subjecting them to centrifugal separation. Once an analyte has been effectively separated, it can be analyzed using mass spectrometry equipment.
What is the QuEChERS Method Used For?
Laboratory mixing instruments that operate on the QuEChERS method are accepted for the precise assessment of agrochemical residuals in consumable organic products. The prevalence and comprehensive dispersion of pesticides through sensitive ecological systems remains an intensive area of research. Analysts use multiple evaluation methods to determine the volume and concentration of agrochemicals in the human food chain.
It is possible to assess the concentration of pesticides and environmental contaminants in animal proteins for example, by homogenizing biological samples with solvents through pre-defined mechanical pulses or sustained agitation. Rugged laboratory mixing instruments for the first stage of the QuEChERS method included vortexers, vibration shakers, and probe blenders. Limited mixing periods with this equipment can provide accurate volumetric insights into the presence of pesticides, agrochemicals, and other contaminants in raw food goods.
Vortex shakers are capable of achieving excellent degrees of contaminant extraction from homogenized tissues of fish such as croaker and salmon in just 10 minutes, while vibration laboratory mixing instrumentation could achieve 100% extraction in extended mixing times of up to an hour.
This methodology has been used to ascertain levels of concentrated pesticides and agrochemicals in the food chain, enabling environmental researchers to accurately characterize agrochemical migration and dispersion properties.
Laboratory Products for Environmental Monitoring from Glas-Col
At Glas-Col, we are committed to supplying a robust range of laboratory instrumentation for broad range of research and development applications. Our custom mixers have been routinely applied for environmental research applications using the QuEChERS method of laboratory mixing.
Our Digital Pulse Mixer (DPM) is a precision instrument with a robust orbiting speed up to 1500 rpm. It is equipped to perform QuEChERS laboratory mixing with capacity of 50 samples and displaying metrics relating to: speed, pulse rate, duty cycle and time. Our LC series has the same capacity as the DPM only with less features.
If you would like any more information about laboratory mixing products that are QuEChERS-enabled, please do not hesitate to contact us.


But is it possible Popen(["path to script"], stderr="Path to output file")", and that didn't seem to work. A synonym is -o ro. If the specified target directory doesn't exist, the operation will fail unless --create-dirs is also used. See the next recipe to see how to Output Destination Attribute: If set, the output of the stream command will be put into an attribute of the original FlowFile instead of a separate FlowFile. The test command is frequently used as part of a conditional expression. We can pipe the output from who into awk, and then tell awk to print only the first field. See man pages for more information – ksh (1). 0. To suppress error output in bash, append 2>/dev/null to the end of your command. If there was an error, then the only way to tell what it was is to check the exit code of the curl process. Why? This is one of those few frustratingly vague errors on Linux systems, but there are a few usual culprits. Jul 02, 2020 · the command would successfully output the result of date, even though the failing false command should have exited the script first. output=$ (*command* 2>&1) && exit_status=$? || exit_status=$? echo i don't have access to a shell right now, but you can try something like cat /etc/*. This is written in exec() manual page. dir file. Only success output is sent through to the pipeline (stdout output from external programs is sent to PowerShell's success output stream). cmd or . Not all filesystems support this option. Jul 12, 2019 · Azure Pipelines has a task for using the Azure CLI, but this only has the options to use the command line (. In the previous two sections we looked at a collection of filters that would manipulate data for us. txt hello HELLO hi (3 Replies) Let's see an example using command false that always returns 1 (failure). In Bash and other Linux shells, when a program is executed, it uses three standard I/O streams. You are currently viewing LQ as a guest. When displaying data in multiple columns, it will organize the content by filling Suppress the prefixing of filenames on output when multiple files are searched. But it displays bar meaning the return status code is 0 (this is not the returned status code from false). 1 Output redirection into In output redirection, the shell (not the command) diverts (redirects) most command A command that ignores standard input will ignore the attached Without this option, C Shell is only interactive when its input and output are terminals. stderr = FALSE , wait Unix-alikes pass the command line to a shell (normally '/bin/sh', and POSIX the executed command may write to standard output and standard Table 1. For example, when you type the date command, the resulting time and date output is displayed on the screen. Mar 24, 2020 · When writing a new script, it is a good idea to treat the non-terminating errors as terminating errors so the script stops if it gets any errors during execution. It does not make Ansible ignore undefined variable errors, connection failures, execution issues (for example, missing packages), or syntax errors. 1500+ Hours. As you watch the progress (thanks to the verbose flag) you will see output along the lines of "data not copied due to I/O error" when it encounters bad data. 6 gives the meanings of all special characters within shell command lines only. 2> /dev/null. Feb 01, 2021 · Description. Send Text to Standard Output. TFLint is a framework and each feature is provided by plugins, the key features are as follows: Find possible errors (like illegal instance types) for Major Cloud providers (AWS/Azure/GCP). txt on screen: cat log. So you need to modify >/dev/null as follows to redirect both output and errors to /dev/null. Examples : 1. xxx > nul, you will still see the error message: File Not Found. Tolerate sloppy mount options rather than failing. The interactive mode start-up information is not affected by this option. Update As of Azure CLI version 2. and launch with the switch or find a way to suppress it via script personally i launch from cli to get that output so im not sure its possible for all GUI apps. I don't like them that much, I want to use PowerShell (Personal preference)! Add -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue to your command. To output any string or number or text on the terminal, type the following command and press enter. git-check-ignore - Debug gitignore / exclude files The output format is modified to be machine-parsable (see below). Well, in many cases it doesn't matter and we can safely ignore signals, but in some cases it will matter. May 27, 2019 · –nolinks : Turns off hyperlinks in HTML output. 1$ comm x2. There will no longer be a relationship for 'output stream' or 'nonzero status'. Send output and errors to the same file, but preserve existing file content. Verifiable Certificates. This might not be relevant to the question, but just FYI. 0. txt command -arg1 -arg2 > output. The process script is interpreted by Nextflow as a Bash script by default, but you are not limited to it. By joining our community you will have the ability to post topics, receive our newsletter, use the advanced search, subscribe to threads and access many other special features. Sep 21, 2020 · You can send output to /dev/null, by using command >/dev/null syntax. It feels unnecessary given the -r and jq's goal of being a shell tool. ( EA is an alias for ErrorAction ) Jun 08, 2020 · The ls command behaves differently if its output (stdout) is being piped into another command. add a comment. txt. By default, the try-catch block can not handle the non-terminating errors. Send command output to file; errors to different file. If you don't want to increase your globbing mana, just do "cmd 2>/dev/null" and suddenly, all your troubles will seem so far awaaay, doesn't look like they're here to stay, Oh, you believe in yeh-stuh-daaay. This is the default. We'll use it on the output from the who command. To redirect the error message to NUL, use the following command: dir file. That should redirect all the errors and leave the output to 10 Dec 2013 Hello, i have bash script where im cycling some command for different lines in external file. Embedded newlines are not deleted, but they may be Nice write-up. The script running the function is a bash script, and I've tried piping the output 29 Jun 2012 How to ignore error in Bash script Answer: We have learned in the past on how to show the exit status of a given command. "null" is never helpful, so I'll have to append all my queries with "//empty". The Purpose The purpose of this post is to give you a real-time example and explanation of how ansible variable is defined and not defined (undefined) conditionals are working along with "when" conditional statement and how it controls the flow of the task and the play. Also, you can lower the severity level of a problem to ignore issues that are not relevant to The output above lists four warnings and no errors: three warnings 13 Sep 2019 When the shell command returns an error, it will be printed on the terminal. echo "Hello World" Nov 15, 2017 · So your Linux system is telling you that you have no space left on your hard drive, but you know there is actually a lot of free space left. Jul 05, 2019 · This post will teach you the basics of PowerShell try/catch blocks and how to find and handle specific exception messages. Specify how the error output is handled by the runner:. When the command has run, you should then examine the log and swap the individual record names that failed using SWAP_BASE_LANGUAGE recordname command Mar 06, 2020 · You can override this with the --ignore-errors option. &> file. txt; Finally, we can redirect stdout to a file named myoutput. Use /dev/null as shown below for sup Jun 05, 2014 · The syntax is: ## send command output to output. Perhaps we don't need all of that information, but, rather, just want to see the names on the accounts. child_process. Sep 29, 2004 · Welcome to LinuxQuestions. Usually just redirect the standard output to /dev/null to ignore the output, but this is not good practice when writing shell scripts. This redirects filehandle 2 (STDERR) to /dev/null . The script running the function is a bash script, and I've tried piping the output I have written a Linux bash script to backup files from an NTFS share to Ignoring error output on any Linux command is as simple as adding


Do lizards tails grow back?
Yes, amazingly a defence technique a lizard may use if a predator catches on to their tail is to actually break the tail off so the lizard can escape from the danger. Eventually the tail will grow back.
Not all lizards can grow their tail back, and whilst a lizard has broken its tail off it may be incredibly weak, this is due to the fact that the lizard stores a lot of fat which provides them with energy within the base of their tail.
Depending on circumstances and the type of lizard and conditions, it can take anywhere from a few days, to weeks, to a few months for the tail to fully be grown back to normal, and even then it may not always be the same as it was previously.
Do lizards tails grow back?
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Nature is awesome, I would love to see a video of the moment when a lizards tail falls off.
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5.0 5.0 1 1 Nature is awesome, I would love to see a video of the moment when a lizards tail falls off. Do lizards tails grow back?


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Dr Sonal Nakar presents the study: Ethical Dilemmas Faced by Vocational Education and Training (VET) Teachers in Times of Rapid Change.
This study was directed to developing an understanding of how Vocational education and training (VET) teachers in Australia experienced the ethical challenges raised by changes in the contemporary cultural context of their work in the sector. Four common dilemmas were identified. Each was seen as being created by tensions between what participants (intrinsically) understood that they should do in a particular situation and what they felt impelled to do by extrinsic imperatives or pressures from changed circumstances in VET. Three types of response were evident: standing by their intrinsic moral commitments, compromising those commitments and appealing for ethical training.


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- Boy Names
What does the baby name Excalibur mean? Learn about what Excalibur means, its history & origin, popularity in our random name database, pronunciation, similar names, nicknames & spelling variations.
Excalibur - Name Meaning, Origin & Popularity
- Spelling of Excalibur
- E-X-C-A-L-I-B-U-R, is a 9-letter male given name.
- Meaning of Excalibur
- King arthur's sword.
- Origin of Excalibur
- The name 'Excalibur' originates from Arthurian legend, specifically the stories of King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table. 'Excalibur' is the name of King Arthur's legendary sword, said to have been given to him by the Lady of the Lake. The earliest known use of the name 'Excalibur' can be traced back to the medieval Arthurian romances, such as the works of Geoffrey of Monmouth and Chrétien de Troyes.
- Arthurian Names
- Old English Names
- Popularity of Excalibur
- The popularity of the name 'Excalibur' has fluctuated over time, with notable spikes in usage during the medieval period when Arthurian legends were at their height. However, it is important to note that 'Excalibur' is primarily known as the name of King Arthur's sword rather than a given name for individuals. As such, its popularity as a personal name has been relatively low.
- Excalibur currently has no likes. Be the first to like this name.
Etymology of Excalibur
The etymology of the name 'Excalibur' is uncertain, as it is a name deeply rooted in mythology and legend. However, some scholars believe that the name may have originated from the Old Welsh word 'Caledfwlch', which means 'hard lightning' or 'steel flash'. This interpretation aligns with the description of 'Excalibur' as a powerful and magical sword that shone brightly.
Cultural Significance of Excalibur
The name 'Excalibur' holds significant cultural importance within the context of Arthurian legend and British folklore. It represents the legendary sword of King Arthur, symbolizing his rightful claim to the throne and his role as a noble and just ruler. 'Excalibur' is often depicted as a magical and invincible weapon, imbued with supernatural powers. Its significance extends beyond its physical attributes, representing the ideals of honor, chivalry, and the struggle between good and evil.


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–Builders Need to Inspect and Maintain Storm Drain "Socks"
With onset of the rainy season, Seattle DCI is reminding builders working in Seattle to inspect and maintain any temporary storm drain inserts they have installed as part of construction projects.
The inserts, also known as storm drain socks, are used on many construction projects to catch sediment not captured upstream by other construction-related erosion control devices.
Regulations for the use of the socks include the following:
- Inspections should be made on a regular basis, especially after large storm events. Inlet protection devices shall be cleaned or removed and replaced when sediment has filled one-third of the available storage (unless a different standard is specified by the product manufacturer).
- Do not wash sediment into storm drains while cleaning. Spread all excavated material evenly over the surrounding land area or stockpile and stabilize as appropriate.
- Remove the inserts within 5 business days after the final site stabilization is achieved, or after it is no longer needed, whichever is longer (BMP E3.25*). If inserts are removed during times of flooding, the builder is responsible for re-installing them per regulations.
To prevent flooding, the public is urged to clear clogged drains where it is safe and practical to do so. Flooding should be reported to Seattle Public Utilities at _PHONE_.
You can find the rules for the use of the socks in our Construction Stormwater Control and Soil Amendment Standard Plan on our forms web page.
* See Director's Rule Seattle DCI 21-2015, SPU DWW-200: Stormwater Manual.


824. Intermixture.
(vi) Acquisition of Ownership by Intermixture
824. Intermixture.
Ownership of goods may be acquired by confusion or intermixture if the goods, when mixed, are indistinguishable1. If the goods are mixed by agreement or consent, the proprietors have an interest in common in proportion to their respective shares2; if mixed by accident, or the act of a third person, for which neither owner is responsible, the proprietors become owners in common of the mixed property in proportion to the amounts contributed3. Where one party (B) wrongfully mixes the goods of another party (A)


WHY IS THE BLUE RIVER BLUE?
WHY IS THE BLUE RIVER, BLUE? In a study conducted by the University of Costa Rica and the National University, they determined the reason for the color of the blue river (Rio Celeste). In this research, it is ruled out that the color of Rio Celeste is due to an optical phenomenon, rather than a chemical phenomenon. What happens in the blue river is produced by a series of minerals


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In this paper we consider the problem of designing load balancing protocols in distributed systems where the participants (e.g. computers, users) are capable of manipulating the load allocation algorithm in their own interest. Using techniques from mechanism design theory we design a mechanism for fair load balancing in heterogeneous distributed systems. We prove that our mechanism is truthful and satisfies the voluntary participation condition. Based on the proposed mechanism we derive a fair load balancing protocol called FAIR-LBM. Finally, we study the effectiveness of our protocol by simulations.