text:
Difference between Merge Raster Layers and Build Virtual Raster in QGis?Geographic Information Systems
What is a virtual raster QGIS?
A virtual raster (VRT) is a special type of file that references one or more existing raster datasets and combines them into a single virtual layer.
Can you merge raster layers in QGIS?
QGIS uses the the GDAL merge tool, which is a very fast and efficient tool, to merge multiple raster layers. To merge raster layers in QGIS open the Merge tool from the raster menu, then select the raster layers to merge together, specify an output location and click run.
How do I merge raster in QGIS?
QGIS: Raster Merging
- In the QGIS Browser Panel, select the GeoTiffs you want to merge and right click to add them to the main window.
- Select Raster > Miscellaneous > Merge.
- In the Merge dialogue window, for Input files, browse to your directory containing your GeoTiff tiles.
How do I combine two raster layers?
Open the Mosaic To New Raster tool by navigating to ArcToolbox > Data Management Tools > Raster > Raster Dataset.
- Insert the raster files.
- Select the output location.
- Specify a name and extension for the output.
- Specify the pixel type.
- Specify the number of bands.
What is a virtual raster?
A virtual raster is a special type of raster whose pixel values are created upon request during data processing or visualization. Its memory footprint includes a reference to a source raster along with details of how the source pixel values will be modified in order to create new pixels.
What are the two types of raster data?
There are two types of raster data: continuous and discrete. An example of discrete raster data is population density. Continuous data examples are temperature and elevation measurements. There are also three types of raster datasets: thematic data, spectral data, and pictures (imagery).
What is the difference between merge and mosaic raster?
In the case of MERGE, the sequence of input grids determines the values assigned to cells, giving priority to those entered first. For MOSAIC, overlapping areas were blended to make a smooth transition and the sequence of entry is irrelevant (if on each overlapping area no more than two grids intersect).
What is merge in QGIS?
QGIS Introduction: Merge Shapefiles
Merging data can be necessary when you obtain vector data from multiple sources. In QGIS, the data need to be the data same type (i.e. all polygons or all points) and in one folder with no other data.
How do I merge layers in QGIS?
Quote from video: Okay often in qgis we might may find ourselves with a situation where we have four different layers. These are just countries and they just come in my background mapping. And so it's not really that
What is a virtual field in QGIS?
Virtual fields are a pure QGIS concept. The data provider (your database) does not know the slightest bit about their existence. Virtual fields are just put "on top of" the real data, their values are temporarily regenerated by QGIS every time they are required somewhere.
What is a virtual layer in QGIS?
A special kind of vector layer allows you to define a layer as the result of an advanced query, using the SQL language on any number of other vector layers that QGIS is able to open. These layers are called virtual layers: they do not carry data by themselves and can be seen as views to other layers.
What is VRT in QGIS?
Description. Builds a VRT (Virtual Dataset) that is a mosaic of the list of input GDAL-supported rasters. With a mosaic you can merge several raster files. The algorithm is derived from the GDAL buildvrt utility.
- Compaction in the Rock Cycle: Understanding the Process Behind Sedimentary Rock Formation
- Crystallization in the Water Cycle: A Fundamental Process in Water Distribution and Purification
- Understanding Crystallization in the Rock Cycle: A Fundamental Process in Rock Formation
- SQL Server to Google Maps
- Stereo-pair Image Registration
- Extracting Lat/Lng from Shapefile using OGR2OGR/GDAL
- Constructing query in Nominatim
- In Ogr2OGR: what is SRS?
- Identifying port numbers for ArcGIS Online Basemap?
- Remove unwanted regions from map data QGIS
- Waiting for Vector & WFS loading
- Adding TravelTime as Impedance in ArcGIS Network Analyst?
- Listing total number of features into an ArcGIS Online feature pop-up
- Tile large raster file in QGIS


Alligator shear
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 (Redirected from Crocodile shears)
Jump to: navigation, search
An alligator shear, historically known as a lever shear[1] and sometimes as a crocodile shear,[2] is a metal-cutting shear with a hinged jaw, powered by a flywheel or hydraulic cylinder. Alligator shears are generally set up as stand-alone shears, however there are types for excavators. The jaw size can range from 4 to 36 in (100 to 910 mm) long. They are generally used to cut steel members, such as rebar, pipe, angle iron or I-beams.[3][4]
Older alligator shears were powered by a flywheel. These shears ran continuously, which posed a safety hazard. Now alligator shears are hydraulically actuated. When actuated, the piston arm extends and slowly closes the upper jaw of the alligator shear, which passes alongside the bed or lower jaw of the shear to perform the cut.[4]
Alligator shears are used for cutting long-length metal stock or scrap, generally where accuracy is not an important consideration, and the size or shape of the material makes other cutting or shearing options impracticaloften the only other cutting option is cutting with a torch. Alligator shears are often used in conjunction with large metal shredders in the metal recycling industry, to 'clean' or prepare scrap for shredding by removing unwanted fittings or other parts the shredder will not accept.
The safety requirements for other powered metalworking shears are contained in ANSI B11.4, but alligator shears are specifically exempted from that standard. Federal OSHA and various state OSHA programs have requirements for guarding alligator shears, and newly manufactured alligator shears are provided with guards that adjust to the size of the stock or scrap being cut. The purpose of this guard, however, is to prevent pieces of metal from being ejected during cutting. Such a guard also prevents inadvertent exposure of the operator's hands, but does not conform to more stringent 'point of operation' guarding requirements.
In an interpretive letter dated June 24, 1981, Federal OSHA discussed the guarding dilemma presented by the alligator shear.
In instances where the shear is exclusively used for routine cuts on standardized stock, safeguarding of the point of operation is definable. In other instances, the operator is safeguarded from exposure to the point of operation by the physical size and configuration of the material being cut.
These practical considerations for guarding are not exclusive to alligator shears. A much more common type of equipment, the press brake, also requires point of operation guarding when used with standardized stock, but not with large-dimension stock.
 1. ^ International Textbook Company (1906), International Library of Technology 123, International Textbook Company, p. 27.
 2. ^ Gale, Walter Keith Vernon (1971). "crocodile shear". The iron and steel industry: a dictionary of terms. David and Charles. p. 57.
 3. ^ Mazzolani, Federico M.; Ivʹanyi, M. (2002), Refurbishment of buildings and bridges, Springer, p. 267, ISBN 978-3-211-83690-3 .
 4. ^ a b Lund, Herbert F. (2001), The McGraw-Hill recycling handbook (2nd ed.), McGraw-Hill Professional, p. 28.20, ISBN 978-0-07-039156-7 .


()
Print stack trace
Calculate the time spent
You can easily calculate how much time a function takes to run, using time() and timeEnd()
const doSomething = () => console.log('test')
const measureDoingSomething = () => {
 //do something, and measure the time it takes
Use console time
Generate a CPU profile
The DevTools allow you to analyze the CPU profile performance of any function.
You can start that manually, but the most accurate way to do so is to wrap what you want to monitor between the profile() and profileEnd() commands. They are similar to time() and timeEnd(), except they don't just measure time, but create a more detailed report.
const measureDoingSomething = () => {
 //do something, and measure its performance
Generate a CPU profile


text: This paper investigates the potential cost of natural gas expansion when electrification is a long-term goal. I provide empirical evidence that natural gas expansion shifts consumer choice towards gas-powered appliances and increases the cost of achieving a high level of electrification. Leveraging the expansion of inter-city transmission pipelines in China as a quasi-experiment, I show that the increased accessibility of natural gas via infrastructure expansion significantly raises the market share and sales quantity of gas water heaters. To quantify the welfare implications for water heating electrification, I estimate a structural model of the water heater market, accounting for the impacts of gas infrastructure on consumer choice. Demand model estimates reveal that the expansion of gas infrastructure raises consumer valuation of gas water heaters relative to electric ones. This implies a higher cost of electrifying water heating when gas infrastructure is expanding, as the goal of electrification is to shift consumers towards electric appliances. Counterfactual simulations suggest that, with a 20% increase in gas infrastructure penetration, the cost of electrification rises from 1.4 to 2.2 billion USD, corresponding to an increase of over 50% relative to the status-quo gas infrastructure scenario. The increased cost of electrification will be weighed against both near-term environmental benefits and other consequences from natural gas expansion. The findings underscore a long-run economic burden of utilizing natural gas as a bridge fuel in the transition towards a net-zero carbon emissions future.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


text:
Banyan Trees, Aloe Masculata, and Taro
- Description: Numerous plants and trees along a path. The two large trees in the background of the photograph are called banyan trees. They can be identified by the long aerial roots hanging from the tops of the tree. The pink flowers to the left along the wall are aloe maculata.
- Keywords: tree, banyan tree, Kampong Garden, aloe masculata, plant, leaf, flower
- TIFF File: A high resolution TIFF of Banyan Trees, Aloe Masculata, and Taro (7.3 Mb) is available for download. This is a very large file suitable for printing. For most on-screen purposes, you should use the image displayed on this page instead of this TIFF.
- Source: Florida Center for Instructional Technology, Exploring Florida: Social Studies Resources
for Students and Teachers (Tampa, FL: University of South Florida, 2009)
- County: Miami-Dade
- Date of Photo: 5/28/2008
- Photographer: Roy Winkelman

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Present danger can occur at anytime throughout the life of a case and must be assessed on a continual basis. A determination must be made if immediate protective actions are necessary to protect a child and the level of intervention required to keep the child safe.
- Assess if present danger exists during any contact with a child to determine if an immediate, significant and clearly observable behavior or situation is actively occurring and is threatening or dangerous to a child.
- When present danger exists, identify and take immediate protective action(s) necessary to create child safety.
- When assessing Present Danger in a Family Assessment Response case. Document present danger and protective actions through the Present Danger Assessment at least once during service delivery.
- In all other programs, document all protective actions taken to manage or control present danger in a FamLink case note using the protective action activity code or through completion of the Present Danger Assessment.
- When children in DCYF care and custody are determined to be in present danger in licensed or unlicensed care, children are removed from that placement. Notify intake per the Intake Process and Response policy.
When Children are In Danger - article
Comparing and Understanding the Differences: Risk of Maltreatment, Present Danger, Impending Danger - article

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
When planning an event, it's crucial to ensure that all attendees, including those with disabilities, have equal access to essential facilities. Portable restrooms play a vital role in providing sanitation solutions, but traditional units may not fully meet the needs of individuals with disabilities. This is where ADA portable restroom trailers come in. In this blog post, we will discuss the advantages of ADA portable restroom trailers and how they make events more accessible for everyone.
Understanding ADA Compliance
Before diving into the advantages of ADA portable restroom trailers, it's important to understand ADA compliance. The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) is a civil rights law that prohibits discrimination against individuals with disabilities in various areas, including public accommodations. By adhering to ADA guidelines, event organizers can ensure equal access for all attendees, regardless of their physical abilities.
Advantages of ADA Portable Restroom Trailers
1. Wheelchair Accessibility
One of the primary advantages of ADA portable restroom trailers is their wheelchair accessibility. These trailers are specifically designed to accommodate individuals with mobility challenges. They feature wider doors and spacious interiors that can easily accommodate wheelchairs and mobility devices. With ramps and non-slip flooring, these trailers provide a safe and convenient restroom experience for individuals using wheelchairs.
2. Grab Bars and Handrails
ADA portable restroom trailers are equipped with strategically placed grab bars and handrails to ensure stability and support for individuals with disabilities. These features allow users to safely navigate within the restroom trailer, providing them with the necessary assistance and preventing falls or accidents. The presence of grab bars and handrails is essential for individuals who may have difficulty with balance or require additional support while using the facilities.
3. Height-Adjusted Fixtures
Another significant advantage of ADA portable restroom trailers is the inclusion of height-adjusted fixtures. These trailers are designed with sinks, mirrors, and toilets at appropriate heights, making it easier for individuals with disabilities to use them comfortably and independently. Height-adjusted fixtures ensure that individuals using wheelchairs or with limited mobility can reach and use the facilities without assistance, promoting independence and dignity.
4. Spacious Design
ADA portable restroom trailers offer a spacious and open design to accommodate individuals with disabilities. The larger interior allows for maneuverability and ample space to navigate, especially for individuals using mobility aids or requiring assistance from caregivers. The spacious design also benefits individuals with claustrophobia or anxiety, providing a more comfortable and accessible restroom experience.
5. Family-Friendly Features
In addition to catering to the needs of individuals with disabilities, ADA portable restroom trailers also include family-friendly features. These features include changing stations for parents with infants or young children, ensuring that families have accessible and convenient facilities at the event. The inclusion of family-friendly features promotes inclusivity and creates a welcoming environment for attendees of all ages.
ADA portable restroom trailers are a game-changer when it comes to making events more accessible for individuals with disabilities. These trailers offer numerous advantages, from wheelchair accessibility to grab bars, height-adjusted fixtures, and spacious designs. By providing equal access to restrooms, event organizers can create an inclusive and welcoming environment, ensuring that everyone can fully participate in the event. ADA portable restroom trailers not only meet the requirements of ADA compliance but also demonstrate a commitment to accessibility for all attendees, regardless of their abilities.
Got Questions? Let Us Help!
Welcome to Johnny on the Spot! Established in 1990, Johnny on the Spot has been the premier provider for portable restroom rentals throughout Napa and Solano counties. We have basic stationery units, ADA accessible units, single mobile units, deluxe fresh flush units, VIP solar-powered units, and free-standing handwash stations. Our portable units are perfect for special events like weddings, festivals, sporting events, and casual gatherings. They are also ideal for construction and remodeling sites. In addition to restroom rentals, we also provide RV restroom servicing and customer-owned portable restroom servicing. At Johnny on the Spot, we are dedicated to providing our customers with quality and reliable service. Call us today!


text:
This is an image of a spherical diffusion flame of ethylene burning in air in the NASA GRC 2.2 s drop tower. The image was recorded about 1.4 s after ignition. The ethylene flowrate is 1.5 mg/s and the scale is revealed by the 6.5 mm porous sphere visible in the image. The image was recorded using a Nikon D100 digital single-lens reflex camera with a 125 ms exposure.
Credit: P.B. Sunderland (University of Maryland), D.L. Urban and D.P. Stocker (NASA Glenn Research Center), B.H. Chao (University of Hawaii) and R.L. Axelbaum (Washington University)


text:
Pump action water blasters are a step up in complexity over syringe pump water blasters in terms of water blaster pressurization technology. For iSoaker.com, pump action-based water blasters are also categorized under the general class of Piston-based water blasters.
The pump action-based water blasters' workings are comprised of six types of parts:
- Pump Grip* - where the user holds onto the sliding inner section of the pump
- Pump Rod - the part of the pump that slides within the pump shaft
- Pump Shaft - the outer casing of the pump that holds water
- Nozzle - where water exits the water blaster
- Check Valves #1 and #2 - one-way valves to control the direction of water flow from the reservoir to the pump, then to the nozzle
- Reservoir - water storage compartment
* Note: in the simplest versions of these water blasters, the pump grip may simply be extended part of the pump rod that sticks out from the pump shaft.
Example Water Blasters:
The following are some examples of water blasters that use pump action water blaster technology:
The Water Blasting Cycle:
While many are familiar with how to operate this fairly simple water blaster, the steps involved are still outlined below for consistency.
Step 1: Priming
Before use, the reservoir cap needs to be removed and the reservoir filled with water. The reservoir can be filled completely.
To prime this type of water blaster, the pump grip and rod should be pushed into the pump shaft, expelling air from the inner-side of the pump shaft. This action may open Check Valve #2 slightly to allow air from the inside of the pump shaft to escape out of the nozzle.
Step 2: Loading
To load the pump, the intake hole or intake tubing within the reservoir must remain submerged in water while the pump grip and rod are pulled out from the pump shaft. This causes a reduction of pressure inside the pump shaft allow water to the pulled (technically pushed) into it. This change in pressure opens Check Valve #1, allowing water to pass from the reservoir to the inside of the pump shaft. Check Valve #2 remains sealed since the direction of force is opposite to how that valve would open.
Well designed pumps will have a stopper at the maximum amount the pump rod can be pulled before it falls out of the pump shaft. However, some models require a little more care not to completely remove the pump rod from the pump shaft, otherwise the seal will be lost, the pump rod will fall out of the shaft, and water will dribble out.
Step 3: Blasting
To blast, the opposite motion must be done versus loading or filling the pump, except with water already present in the pump shaft's chamber. Once the pump is filled, one simply needs to aim the nozzle in the desired direction and push the pump grip and rod back into the pump shaft, forcing water out of the pump shaft, through Check Valve #2, and out of the nozzle. Check Valve #1 seals when pushing water out of the pump shaft since the direction of force at this time is opposite to how it opens.
Depending on the size and volume of water available, one may opt to stop before completely emptying the pump shaft, allowing one to blaster a few to several streams of water on a single fill. Of course, once all the water is expelled from the pump shaft, one will need to return to load the pump again assuming there is still water remaining in the reservoir.
Insights on this Technology
Being one of the simplest ways to push out a stream of water, having minimal parts allows these water blasters to also be built fairly inexpensively, yet remain fairly durable. Though the direction of force being applied to the water is opposite to the direction of the resulting stream, smooth, potent, laminar streams are still possible, allowing these types of water blasters to achieve good distances for their size, though not quite as good as syringe pump-based water blasters.
As with the syringe pump systems, for this system to work, a good seal must be maintained between the pump rod and pump shaft in order to both draw water in and push water out. This seal is one of the weakest points in that continued use may reduce its effectiveness, leading to poorer or failed performance if the seal gives up.
The other parts that may end up failing, particularly if dirty water is used a lot, are the two check valves. These valves must open and seal as needed to ensure water is drawn from the reservoir to the pump, then pushed from the pump out to the nozzle. If either valve's seal is damaged or cannot close completely due to dirt, the maximum strength of streams produced will drop significantly.
As stream generation is a manual process, the strength of the stream is partly affected by the strength of the user. That said, most stock water blasters are designed that an average person of the age range recommended for the item should be able to get maximum performance from the stream. Usually, attempting to apply even more force will not increase output to any significant degree.
- Simple build can be quite sturdy and stable
- Simple operation
- Generally smooth, laminar streams
- Good potential range for amount of water pushed
- Reservoir allows one to fill and shoot multiple times before needing to refill the blaster
- Amount of water available per shot limited to pump volume
- Multiple shots from a single pump more difficult to do well
- Two-handed operation
- Difficult to maintain a stable, consistent shot since hand and arm must be moving to create the stream


Kai Niemi
Kai Niemi's Blog
Kai Niemi's Blog
Common Table Expressions in CockroachDB
Common Table Expressions in CockroachDB
Using multi-statement CTEs and implicit transactions with Spring Data JDBC
Kai Niemi's photo
Kai Niemi
·Apr 28, 2022·
4 min read
A Common Table Expression (CTE) is a named result set of a query that exist temporarily for use within the context of a larger query. CTEs are used to increase the readability of complex queries by decomposition and reusable blocks. Recursive CTEs can be used to traverse graphs and trees and so on.
CTEs can also be used to execute data-modifying, multi-statement implicit transactions, for example when combining several INSERT and UPDATE statements into one logical unit of operation. This saves roundtrips over the network to the database and you can also leverage automatic retries in CockroachDB if the workload is contended.
This article will use Spring Data JDBC to demonstrate this capability in a conceptual way.
Example Code
The code examples in this post are available in Github.
Introduction
Let's use a simple write-only use case where we have just two entities or tables - accounts and transactions:
create table t_account
(
 id int not null default unique_rowid(),
 balance float not null,
 creation_time timestamptz not null default clock_timestamp(),
 primary key (id)
);
create table t_transaction
(
 id int not null default unique_rowid(),
 account_id int not null,
 amount float not null,
 transaction_type string not null default 'generic',
 transaction_status string not null default 'pending',
 creation_time timestamptz not null default clock_timestamp(),
 primary key (id)
);
alter table if exists t_transaction
 add constraint fk_transaction_ref_account
 foreign key (account_id)
 references t_account (id);
The statements involved in our business transaction would then be:
BEGIN;
INSERT INTO t_transaction (
 id,
 account_id,
 amount,
 transaction_type,
 transaction_status)
VALUES (unique_rowid(), ?, ?, ?, ?);
UPDATE t_account SET balance=balance+? WHERE id=?;
COMMIT;
The CTE approach for the above would be:
WITH x AS (
INSERT INTO t_transaction (
 id,
 account_id,
 amount,
 transaction_type,
 transaction_status)
VALUES (unique_rowid(), ?, ?, ?, ?) RETURNING account_id)
 UPDATE t_account SET balance=balance+? WHERE id=? RETURNING NOTHING
As you can see it's an implicit transaction with no BEGIN and COMMIT that signifies and explicit transaction. In CockroachDB you can also see this in the DB console at the statement statistics page.
Implementation
To use CTEs in Java you need to use JDBC. While it's common to use ORMs like JPA with Hibernate these days, neither the JPA query language (JPQL) or programmatic Criteria API support CTEs. Other frameworks may have such capabilities, but its always fine to use JDBC along side with any data access framework.
Configuring the Datasource
To leverage CTEs the best way you want to run them as implicit transactions, as in auto-commit mode. It's common to disable auto-commit and let the transaction manager and it's interceptor apply the explicit transaction markers based on the propagation attributes of the @Transactional annotation.
Here we enable auto-commit's on our Hikari connection pool datasource (for clarity):
 @Bean
 public HikariDataSource hikariDataSource() {
 HikariDataSource ds = properties
 .initializeDataSourceBuilder()
 .type(HikariDataSource.class)
 .build();
 ds.setMaximumPoolSize(50);// Should be: cluster_total_vcpu * 4 / total_pool_number
 ds.setMinimumIdle(25); // Should be maxPoolSize for fixed-sized pool
 ds.setAutoCommit(true);
 ds.addDataSourceProperty("reWriteBatchedInserts", "true");
 ds.addDataSourceProperty("application_name", "Spring Boot CTE");
 return ds;
 }
Thats pretty much it and the rest is just using JDBC as its normally used with Spring and its mechanisms.
Business Service
Spring provides the JdbcTemplate that makes using JDBC really easy.
You can use it directly in the service bean or in a repository implementation. In this example, we use the template directly in the service:
 @Override
 @Transactional(propagation = Propagation.NOT_SUPPORTED)
 public void createTransaction(TransactionEntity singleton) {
 Assert.isTrue(!TransactionSynchronizationManager.isActualTransactionActive(), "Transaction not expected!");
 jdbcTemplate.update(
 "WITH x AS ( "
 + "INSERT INTO t_transaction ( "
 + " id, "
 + " account_id, "
 + " amount, "
 + " transaction_type, "
 + " transaction_status) "
 + "VALUES (unique_rowid(), ?, ?, ?, ?) RETURNING account_id) "
 + " UPDATE t_account SET balance=balance+? WHERE id=?",
 ps -> {
 int i = 1;
 ps.setLong(i++, singleton.getAccountId());
 ps.setDouble(i++, singleton.getAmount());
 ps.setString(i++, singleton.getTransactionType());
 ps.setString(i++, singleton.getTransactionStatus());
 ps.setDouble(i++, singleton.getAmount());
 ps.setLong(i++, singleton.getAccountId());
 });
 }
One thing to point out is that the transaction propagation attribute is set to NOT_SUPPORTED since we want our CTE to run in auto-commit mode. If for any reason there is a transaction in progress, it will be surfaced. You can of course still run CTEs in explicit mode as well.
@Transactional(propagation = Propagation.NOT_SUPPORTED)
Conclusions
Common table expressions are helpful for complex queries, recursive use cases and to save roundtrips to the database in contrast to batching. It's not supported in JPA or Hibernate, but you can still use JDBC in combination to leverage this feature.

Share this


text:
A Heligan pineapple.
A fruit produced in the Lost Gardens of Heligan in Cornwall, England, may just be the most expensive pineapple in the world.
The gardeners at Heligan, who began restoration of the derelict gardens in 1990, first purchased fruits for the Pineapple Pit in 1994. Utilizing the same techniques used 70 years ago, during Heligan's heyday, Heligan's Productive Gardening Team produced a miniature pineapple that was, according to the gardeners, "the most delicious pineapple flavour ever tasted."
The "hotbed" technique used in the Pineapple Pit involves heating 30 tons of straw and horse manure through glass. The team was lucky enough to locate the proper mixture of straw and horse manure at a stable near Falmouth, about an hour from the gardens.
While the price of a modern day Heligan pineapple is yet to be announced, the original Heligan pineapples are estimated to have cost the Victorian equivalent of $15,000 to produce.
After the first fruit was tested by Heligan's gardeners, the second was delivered, by hand, to the Queen.


text:
There are two situations:
- Your document and XPage are in the same database;
- Your Xpages are in a different database to your documents.
2. The ability to separate the code from the data is a strength of XPages. But it is then no longer possible to set the property on a document's form when the XPage is not in the same database. We need to send a link using mime, as you would have done in earlier versions of Notes. Here is the SSJS version:
var body = memo.createMIMEEntity();
var stream = session.createStream();
var info = ;
body.setContentFromText(stream, "text/html; charset=iso-8859-1", 0);
In this case we simply want the email recipient to see a message about their role in the workflow, followed by a hotlink (Open Link) to open the appropriate document:
var info = msg + "Open Link";
Application scope variables define the url of the server where the XPage is located and another to define the common name of the server where the database that contains the document is located. You can see that the link is to the XPage, xProposal.xsp, with the parameter, databaseName, defining the server and database, then the documentId parameter defining the document's universal id. The action parameter determines whether to open in read mode or edit mode.
You do need to apply Fixpack 2 to your 8.5.2 Domino servers if you wish to store your XPages in a datatbase that is in a different directory to the databases containing your documents and then be able to access this from the Notes client.


text:
2002-2003 Governance Implementation Task Force
2002-2003 Annual Report
Summary: The Governance Implementation Task Force reviewed progress made in the development and delivery of chapter benefits, a proposed schedule and process for the deployment of a chapter network, a proposed chapter agreement, and refinements to the criteria for chapter status. The task force also reviewed proposed changes to the ACHE Bylaws for 2003.
The Governance Implementation Task Force was established to oversee the activities of ACHE staff in implementing the recommendations of the 2000-2001 Governance Task Force and to consider further efforts needed to implement the direction of that report. The task force met August 29, 2002. A summary of the task force's activities follows:
PROPOSED GOVERNANCE AND CHAPTER DEPLOYMENT SCHEDULE
The task force reviewed and approved a proposed schedule of activities needed from September 2002 through November 2003 to provide the policies and infrastructure to support the formation of ACHE chapters.
REFINEMENTS TO THE CRITERIA FOR CHAPTER STATUS
The task force reviewed and approved proposed adjustments to the previously approved criteria for chapter status. The changes were made to clarify the criteria and add new criteria felt to be needed in order to insure a positive working relationship between ACHE and prospective chapters. The changes also adjusted the window of time by which the chapter must comply with several of the criteria. The revised criteria were placed on the fall district meeting agenda for discussion by Regents and demonstration group liaisons.
PROPOSED CHAPTER AGREEEMENT
The task force members carefully reviewed the contract language proposed by ACHE legal counsel for the contract between ACHE and the prospective chapter. They made a number of detailed suggestions which substantially changed the content and form of the contract. The task force asked ACHE staff to revise the contract with the assistance of legal counsel and distribute it to the demonstration groups for review and comment.
CHAPTER FORMATION PROCESS
The task force considered the issue of how to go about the formation of chapters. They endorsed using a market planning approach to identify geographic service territories for all prospective chapters in each district. They concluded that this process holds the best probability of resulting in the orderly allocation of viable member markets among existing affiliated groups and would aid in identifying those parts of the country where new organizations are needed. The task force recommended that the approach be reviewed at fall district meetings with Regents and demonstration group liaisons.
The task force reviewed changes to the American College of Healthcare Executives Bylaws that will be considered at the 2003 Council of Regents Meeting. Those changes address the following issues:
- Provide for ACHE Chapters
- Make the Board of Governors the primary legislative body representing the affiliates; the Council of Regents will then serve as an advisory council
Powers that must be transferred from the Council of Regents to the Board of Governor to effect this change are the powers to:
- Make all policy decisions
- Approve all proposals pertaining to dues and assessments
- Approve all changes to the Regulations Governing Admission, Advancement, and Recertification
- Approve all changes to the Bylaws and Articles of Incorporation
- Approve all changes to the Code of Ethics
- Designate Districts
A marked up copy of the American College of Healthcare Executives Bylaws reflecting these changes can be found in the 2002-2003 Bylaws Committee Report.


The Journal of Economic History
City-Farm Wage Gaps in Late Nineteenth-Century France
Pierre Sicsica1
a1 Centre de Recherche of the Banque de France, 39 rue Croix-des-Petits-Champs, 75001 Paris, France.
Wage gaps between farm and city are used to assess whether industrialization in late nineteenth-century France was choked off by peasants' alleged reluctance to move. If industry suffered due to labor scarcity, wage gaps should have been large and rising. It turns out that the wage gap, when adjusted for costs of living and computed as an average of 20 regional wage gaps, was nil in 1852 and about 25 percent in 1892. Thus wage gaps were rising but were far smaller throughout the late nineteenth century than they were in England during similar stages of industrialization.


Ultimate Guide on How to Use an Oil Filter Strap Wrench with Tips and Tricks
If you're a car owner or mechanic, you know how important it is to regularly change the oil and oil filter in your vehicle. The oil filter helps to remove contaminants and debris from the engine oil, ensuring that it stays clean and performs optimally. However, removing an old oil filter can sometimes be a challenging task, especially if it's tightly stuck. That's where an oil filter strap wrench comes in handy. In this ultimate guide, we will walk you through the steps of using an oil filter strap wrench and share some tips and tricks to make the process easier.
Step 1: Choose the Right Size of Oil Filter Strap Wrench
Before using an oil filter strap wrench, it's important to choose the right size for your specific oil filter. Strap wrenches come in different sizes, so make sure to select one that fits snugly around the filter. Using the wrong size can result in slipping and damage to the filter or wrench.
Step 2: Position the Strap Wrench
Once you have the right size of oil filter strap wrench, position it on the oil filter. The strap should wrap around the entire circumference of the filter, ensuring a secure grip. Make sure the strap is tight but not overly tight as it may damage the filter.
Step 3: Apply Pressure and Turn
With the strap wrench securely positioned, apply pressure in the direction opposite to the tightening of the filter. This will help loosen the filter and make it easier to remove. Use your other hand to hold the wrench steady and turn it counterclockwise. The strap will grip the filter tightly, allowing you to loosen it with minimal effort.
Tips and Tricks:
– If the oil filter is excessively tight, you can use an extension pipe for extra leverage. Insert the pipe on the handle of the strap wrench and apply pressure to break the seal.
– Make sure to drain the oil from the engine before starting the filter removal process to avoid any spillage.
– Inspect the new oil filter before installation to ensure it's the correct size and has the proper seals.
– Additionally, it's recommended to hand-tighten the new oil filter as overtightening can cause damage to the filter or engine.
Using an oil filter strap wrench can save you time and frustration when it comes to changing your vehicle's oil filter. Follow the steps outlined in this guide and incorporate the tips and tricks to make the process even smoother. By doing so, you'll ensure that your engine stays well-maintained and runs smoothly for years to come.
What is an Oil Filter Strap Wrench and How Does it Work?
An oil filter strap wrench is a handy tool specifically designed to remove oil filters from vehicles. It consists of a flexible strap made of strong material, such as nylon or rubber, attached to a handle. The strap can be easily adjusted to fit around the oil filter, allowing the user to apply force and twist the filter for removal.
How does an oil filter strap wrench work?
To use an oil filter strap wrench, follow these simple steps:
 1. Adjust the strap: Start by adjusting the strap to fit tightly around the oil filter. The strap should be snug but not overly tight.
 2. Secure the strap: Once the strap is adjusted, secure it in place by pressing the handle of the wrench. This will tighten the strap around the filter.
 3. Apply force: Grip the handle firmly and use it to apply force in a counterclockwise direction. This will loosen the oil filter, allowing it to be easily removed.
 4. Remove the oil filter: Once the filter is loosened, continue twisting it with the wrench until it can be completely removed by hand.
Using an oil filter strap wrench offers several advantages:
 - Versatility: The strap on the wrench can be adjusted to fit various sizes of oil filters, making it suitable for use on different vehicles.
 - Durability: Oil filter strap wrenches are made of strong materials that can withstand the force needed to remove stubborn oil filters.
 - Easy to use: The strap wrench's design allows for easy gripping and application of force, making the task of removing an oil filter straightforward.
Overall, an oil filter strap wrench is a useful tool for any vehicle owner or mechanic. It simplifies the process of removing oil filters, saving time and effort.
Benefits of Using an Oil Filter Strap Wrench
An oil filter strap wrench is a versatile tool that offers several benefits when it comes to changing oil filters. Here are some advantages of using an oil filter strap wrench:
 1. Universal Fit: One of the biggest advantages of using an oil filter strap wrench is its universal fit. Unlike other types of wrenches that are designed for specific filter sizes, the strap wrench can fit a variety of filter sizes, ranging from small to large. This makes it a convenient tool to have in your toolbox as you don't need to worry about buying multiple wrenches for different filter sizes.
 2. Easy to Use: The strap wrench is designed for easy usability. It typically features a flexible strap made of durable material that wraps around the filter. The adjustable strap can then be tightened securely, providing a strong grip on the filter. This makes it easy to loosen or tighten the filter without exerting excessive force or causing damage.
 3. Prevents Filter Damage: Using an oil filter strap wrench helps prevent damage to the filter during removal or installation. The strap distributes the pressure evenly around the filter, reducing the risk of crushing, denting, or deforming the filter housing. This is especially important when dealing with delicate or sensitive filters that can be easily damaged by other types of wrenches.
 4. Improved Efficiency: The superior grip provided by an oil filter strap wrench makes the oil filter changing process more efficient. The strong grip allows for better control and grip on the filter, reducing the chances of slippage or accidental damage. This can help save time and effort during the oil change procedure.
 5. Versatility: The strap wrench can be used for more than just oil filter removal. It can also be used for other tasks such as opening jars, loosening or tightening various fittings, or gripping and turning objects with a rounded surface. This versatility makes it a useful tool to have in your toolbox for various DIY projects.
See also Best breaker bar wrench
In conclusion, an oil filter strap wrench offers a universal fit, easy usability, prevents filter damage, improves efficiency, and provides versatility. Investing in an oil filter strap wrench can make the oil filter changing process easier, faster, and more convenient.
Types of Oil Filter Strap Wrenches
When it comes to changing oil filters, having the right tools is essential. One tool that is commonly used is the oil filter strap wrench. A strap wrench is a versatile tool that can be used to remove and install oil filters in a variety of different applications. There are several types of oil filter strap wrenches available, each with its own unique features and benefits.
1. Adjustable Strap Wrench
1. Adjustable Strap Wrench
The adjustable strap wrench is one of the most common types of oil filter strap wrenches. It features a strap that can be adjusted to fit different sizes of oil filters. This makes it a versatile tool that can be used on a wide range of vehicles. The strap is typically made of a strong and durable material, such as nylon or rubber, which helps to ensure a secure grip on the filter.
2. Chain Strap Wrench
A chain strap wrench is another type of oil filter strap wrench that is commonly used. This type of wrench features a chain that wraps around the filter and is secured in place by a handle. The chain can be easily adjusted to fit different sizes of oil filters. The advantage of the chain strap wrench is that it provides a secure grip on the filter, making it easier to remove and install.
3. Loop Strap Wrench
A loop strap wrench is a smaller and more compact version of the adjustable strap wrench. It features a looped strap that can be adjusted to fit different sizes of oil filters. The loop is typically made of a strong and flexible material, such as rubber or silicone. The advantage of the loop strap wrench is that it is compact and easy to carry, making it a convenient tool to have on hand.
4. Filter Pliers
In addition to strap wrenches, there are also oil filter pliers available. These pliers feature a special design that allows them to grip and turn the oil filter. The advantage of filter pliers is that they provide a strong and secure grip on the filter, making it easier to remove and install.
5. Strap Wrench Set
For those who frequently work with oil filters of different sizes, a strap wrench set may be a good investment. These sets typically include multiple strap wrenches of different sizes, allowing you to easily tackle any oil filter job. This can be particularly handy for mechanics or home DIY enthusiasts who often work on different types of vehicles.
Overall, the type of oil filter strap wrench you choose will depend on your specific needs and preferences. However, no matter which type you choose, a good quality strap wrench will make changing oil filters a much easier and more efficient task.
Choosing the Right Size of Oil Filter Strap Wrench
When it comes to using an oil filter strap wrench, selecting the right size is crucial for a successful and efficient operation. The size of the wrench will determine its compatibility with different oil filter types and sizes. Here are some tips to help you choose the right size of oil filter strap wrench:
1. Measure the Oil Filter Diameter
Before purchasing an oil filter


Setting a Redrill Tolerance in SHOTPlus™
A Redrill Tolerance is an amount of underdrill that, if exceeded, should result in a hole being marked as requiring redrill. Tolerances are defined per hole type, and holes may be checked against them after a Dip Length (also known as Actual Length) measurement is recorded.
For information on how the Redrill Tolerance setting may also be used by BlastIQ™ Mobile, see Loading rules for BlastIQ™ Mobile.

1. Navigate to Edit > Design Data
1.jpg

2. Select Edit tolerances
2.jpg
3. Set a Redrill Tolerance for each hole type
3.jpg

4. With the tolerance(s) set, any hole in the plan that exceeds the set amount of under drill will automatically be marked as requiring Redrill in the Hole Table.

Was this article helpful?
1 out of 1 found this helpful
Have more questions? Submit a request


text:
Back to List
Perspectives on Logistics Leadership
Five critical dimensions for leadership in logistics can be identified to transform the 20 percent of the logistics change initiative directly within the control of a companys logistics organization. As a catalyst for widespread change, however, logistics leadership must include many other areas of business.
Few logistics executives have been trained in leadership and change management and most have limited experience with successful change. Since there are few university programs in leadership or change management, most managers extend their limited academic background with on-the-job experience to guide them. To effectively lead and provide the direction for change, it is important that executives understand the dimensions of logistics leadership and the dynamics of supply chain change.
The most fundamental point to keep in mind about logistics and supply chain leadership and change is that a business process that provides some level of performance is almost always in place. Rarely does logistics change management commence from ground zero. Management must begin with the existing process, keep it working at a level to maintain adequate performance during the change process, and redesign and implement enhanced supply chain processes. Logistics and supply chain change improves a process or practice that isnt broken and, in the minds of some, doesnt need to be fixed.
Logistics leadership and change management requires the ability to identify the vectors of logistics change and then the ability to propose and operationalize initiatives to profit from being the first to respond. Based on the Supply Chain Process Model introduced in 21st Century Logistics: Making Supply Chain Integration a Reality, Exhibit 1 illustrates the major capabilities critical for logistics leaders. The ball illustrated in motion by the dotted lines represents the rapidly changing supply chain environment. Like supply chain requirements, the motion is constant and it is continuously being redirected under the influence of customer and competitive actions. The Supply Chain Change Process Model suggests five critical dimensions for logistics leadership. The dimensions include:
The first dimension is the ability to understand both customer and end-customer supply chain requirements. This includes understanding service requirements and performance levels that will be necessary to satisfy intermediate and end-customers today and especially in the future. For example, logistics leaders must be able to identify the changing delivery and service requirements of channel segments or even of individual customers. The true leader must not only understand current requirements, but must also anticipate future supply chain requirements of customers and the end-customer. An understanding of current and future requirements allows the logistics leader to define the ultimate goal. Not only is this dimension critical for leading the executives own firm, it is equally as import to be able to lead and educate the firms critical customers to ensure their long-term success.
To enhance the current situation, the vision must be shared and adopted by a wide range of individuals and groups who must be involved to achieve meaningful change.
The second dimension of a logistics leader is the ability to identify and understand competitive capabilities. A logistics leader must anticipate and understand the current and likely strengths and weaknesses of key competitors. Such understanding is critical to allow a firm and its supply chain partners to match competitive threats and target weaknesses. However, information and understanding regarding the supply chain environment are often difficult to obtain. The leader must determine the framework to characterize both competitive and non-competitive firms and then develop the means to assess and benchmark other organizations. While it is not easy to identify the current capabilities of competitors, true logistics leaders must insight regarding future competitive capabilities
Supply Chain Competencie
The third dimension of a logistics leader is the ability to understand and critically evaluate the competencies of their own supply chain. The Supply Chain 2000 Framework and diagnostic methodology introduced at Michigan State University (MSU) determined that high performing supply chains exhibit high degrees of customer integration, internal integration, material/service supplier integration, technology and planning integration, measurement integration and relationship integration (For a more detailed discussion, see 21st Century Logistics: Making Supply Chain Integration a Reality from the Council of Logistics Management). For each of these integration competencies, a logistics leader must be able to assess the firms capabilities as well as the complementary capabilities of other supply chain partners. While the MSU research has demonstrated that high performing supply chains must have a high level of ability in all of the integration competencies, it is possible for firms to achieve high performance by using the competencies of supply chain partners.
Visioning is a process of creativity and innovation. The fourth dimension of logistics leaders is the ability to develop a big picture perspective that conceptualizes the dynamics and influence of complex interrelationships. Leaders see an integrative pattern of connectiveness where others may see only specific events and problems requiring resolution. The connectiveness relates the trends in terms of customer requirements, firm capabilities, competitive capabilities and the responses in the form of firm competitiveness. Leaders are able to create a vision of future market requirements and then identify refinements in operations, processes, or application of external resources to achieve such visions. Such leaders are also able to articulate the reality of the present, thus identifying the comparative gap between vision and reality needed to motivate change.
The role of visioning is to conceptualize the supply chain situation and identify desirable and achievable system modifications consistent with overall enterprise objectives. To enhance the current situation, the vision must be shared and adopted by a wide range of individuals and groups who must be involved if to achieve meaningful change. Thus, visions with a high degree of perceived legitimacy and offering substantial opportunity are more likely to be accepted over those proposing radical change. For some types of supply chain change, reasonable modification of current practices and relationships is sufficient. The truly difficult leadership challenges are those proposing that well-established practices or relationships be discarded or radically modified. As noted earlier, resistance to new practices and relationships that challenge a sense of individual and business security can force a serious, if not terminal, resistance to the change management process.
The difference between the logistics leaders current assessment and the vision of desired achievement defines the opportunity gap that determines the performance and financial benefits attainable from improved integration. To be meaningful, these performance and financial measures must be quantified to initiate and drive change. In this respect, leadership is essential to help simplify operating complexity by identifying and focusing on relationships and practices that, if modified, have the potential to enhance performance. Change management leadership is the art of creatively identifying, articulating and guiding a shared vision of the opportunity gap and the means to improve. While leaders astute in change management may identify an opportunity and scope its potential, the existence and magnitude of a gap is typically not so obvious to managers who are deeply involved in day-to-day operations. The balance between vision, current reality, and resource opportunities creates the essence of a logistics leaders action plan.
Successful logistics change leaders must be able to communicate the benefits and risks associated with the vision in a credible manner if widespread support for any initiative is to be generated. Leaders who successfully enable change are masters at creating legitimacy for visions in terms of detailing future directions and conceptualizing the capabilities and resources necessary to get there. Most important, such visions must be aligned with overall enterprise and supply chain goals.
Just as a firms supply chain competency is dynamic, so are the associated visions. Since visions are about the future, they frequently change. In fact, visions must undergo constant refinement if they are to remain relevant. Once a vision is widely shared, it immediately impacts current decision-making. In essence, the shared vision becomes part of the present as well as the desired future and the logistics leader can effectively establish that vision as the goal.
In a matter of time, organizational leaders will conclude that sufficient potential exists to justify undertaking change. The fifth dimension of logistics leadership is the ability to develop this conclusion and then develop a plan to operationalize it. The sales and development process is particularly challenging in a transition environment. The environmental dynamics of logistics and supply chain management mean that the guidelines and principles must be constantly transitioned and refined. The principles that were learned or applied yesterday must be refined to work in the current environment. Effective action planning requires the logistics leader to adapt and extend the traditional principles to the current and anticipated environment.
This requires that the logistics leader be able to systematically: 1) identify the change initiatives; 2) characterize the benefits; 3) determine the obstacles to overcome; 4) highlight the organizational implications; 5) determine the resource requirements; and 6) establish accountability and action measurements. While it is not be necessary for the logistics leader to embody the detailed skills for change management, an effective leader must maintain the big-picture perspective and drive the change management initiatives.
Typically, supply chain change also requires the alignment of operations outside the direct control of a specific executive and, in terms of the supply chain, even the firm itself. One executive stressed the fundamental importance of leadership by estimating that only 20 percent of the scope of a typical logistical change initiative is within the direct control of a firms logistics organization. The remaining 80 percent typically involve the responsibilities of managers from other business areas. Thus, logistical leaders must sell ideas and serve as cross-functional catalysts. Managing change through others is a difficult task that logistics leaders need to master.
The abilities represented through these dimensions represent a significant challenge and a substantial opportunity for managers to differentiate themselves. Combining logistics and supply chain knowledge with effective change management skills provides an individual an opportunity to establish his or her importance in supply chain and supply chains importance for the organization. The increasing role that logistics and supply chain management continue to take in corporate competitiveness shows that there will always be a need for logistics leaders.


MIT Unleashes Dish Making Machine
In a move that could be considered "one step closer to Star Trek", MIT has developed a machine that not only creates dishes on demand, but recycles the materials from them after the meal into new dinnerware.
Designed by MIT grad student Leonardo Bonanni, the DishMaker frees space in dish cabinets and reduces landfill trash. It also uses less energy to recycle dishes than factories use to make them. And, because the machine can produce up to 150 items, a dinner host would never be short of table settings when unexpected guests arrive: Cooks can select the number of place settings needed using a simple push-button control panel. The prototype DishMaker is the size of a standard dishwasher, and uses the heating element of a toaster oven to shape the items. To recycle the dishes, it heats them to about 300 degrees Fahrenheit to soften the acrylic, then a press restores them to wafers for easy stacking.
The machine holds 150 acrylic wafers and can produce a dish every 90 seconds. The wafers produce plates that are only 6 inches in diameter, the size of an average salad or dessert plate, but the machine can be adapted to use larger wafers.


Clothed male, naked female
CMNF, or Clothed Male(s), Naked (or Nude) Female(s) is a term for a paraphilia involving one or more nude women and one or more clothed men. It is generally used as a label for pictorial erotica or pornography, or a sexual fantasy depicting such a scenario; however, CMNF gatherings of men and women interested in this type of erotic pursuit do occur as well. CMNF is also a type of sexual objectification of women by men.
The general category of "CMNF" is fairly broad, encompassing several different types of scenario. The most common subdivisions of the genre involve either an activity under the rubric of male domination, exhibitionism or entertainment; combination of all categories is somewhat rare, although several web sites cater to the subgenres separately.
Also striptease is a form of CMNF since the vast majority of visitors to strip clubs is male, whereas the strippers are female.
The stereotype of the damsel in distress was also portrayed in the 19th century as an CMNF scenario: the powerful knight in his armour comes to rescue the naked, helpless female.
One-sided nudity in art is a topic that has been popular for a long time; e.g. many 19th century paintings of slavery and odalisques depict nude women, fulfilling voyeuristic phantasies of mostly male audiences.
The topic of one-sided female nudity is featured in the book "Topping from Below" by Laura Reese. The journalist Nora Tibbs investigates the death of her sister Franny. She meets the boy-friend of Franny, "M.", a music professor, and becomes his new girl-friend. He forces her to be nude all the time when she is in his house. Her one-sided nudity is one of many tokens of her submission to him.
See also
This article is based on "Clothed male, naked female" from the free encyclopedia Wikipedia ( It is licensed under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation Licencse. In the Wikipedia you can find a list of the authors by visiting the following address:


text:
Almost on a daily basis, the hope of owning affordable homes dims as the prices of major building materials, notably cement and iron rods, are rising persistently as if markets are shutting down.
Matters seem to be coming to a head with the hike in iron rods prices outpacing what has been seen so far with the price of cement. In less than 30 days, the price of cement rose by over 100 percent from between N5,000 and N5,500 in January to between N12,000 and N13,000 in February 2024.
Prices of iron rods, also called reinforcements, which come in various thickness or measurements, have also gone up in a manner that diminishes what buyers have experienced with the rise in cement price.
In a matter of days, the price of 16mm rod has risen from N8,500 to N18,500 and that shows exactly N10,000 prices increase, representing over 100 percent increase.
Both cement and rods are very important components of building and construction materials. Rods are of different sizes for different uses. Structural engineers recommend 12mm, 16mm, 20mm, 25mm, 10mm, or 8mm, depending on the strength of the material and other design specifications.
Iron rods are generally used for load-bearing purposes and they include cold steel, pressed steel, hot deformed bars, and mild steel plain bars. The type commonly used in enhancing the strength of concrete in beams and pillars or columns of buildings falls under the hot rolled deformed bars.
These are the most popular of all rod-types and they are commonly used in building houses. They are the ones whose prices have jumped recently. But, for small-to-medium-scale projects, 6mm, 8mm and 10mm bar sizes will economically do the work without adding unnecessary weight to the building, according to experts.
Many Nigerians have lamented the high cost of building materials, contending that the ripple effects are not just about discouraging investment in housing or shrinking the job opportunities which it creates, but also narrowing the chances of more people leaving the house market.
Though Nigerians are still waiting to see the impact of the government's intervention and the presidential directive to manufacturers to reduce cement price, experts are already calling on the government to declare a state of emergency on the building materials sub-sector.
"With a staggering housing deficit estimated at 28 million units as of 2023, and a homeownership level that is just 25 percent of the country's over 200 million population, Nigeria should be intentional about affordable housing delivery," Olufunso Adebayo, a property consultant, said.
He said that the government has to act fast on making sure that what is obviously an oligopoly in the cement industry is broken or make good its threat of opening the borders for cement imports.
According to Smith Ezenagu, MD/CEO of Esso Properties Limited, everybody is talking about cement alone but it's not just it because there are other materials like rod and sand.
"In fact, if nothing is done to curb the current prices of building materials in Nigeria, we might get to a point where shelter will become a luxury and not a basic necessity. Apart from the government stepping in like they are doing to curb these things, I believe this is the time we explore alternative buildings like wooden houses and others," he said in an interview with pressmen in Lagos.
Ezenagu noted that rising cost of materials is a major problem in the real estate industry and the consequence, according to him, is that developers are pulling out of sites and if nothing is done to curb this and get things to a level of stability, there would be a very major crisis in the industry soon.
He disclosed that he started a project in the Epe area of Lagos in October last year when he bought a trip of sand for sand-filling at the cost of N37,000. "Three months after in January, I started a project in one of my estates in Ibeju Lekki, Emerald Garden Estate, and I bought sand at the rate of N90,000. That's an almost 200 percent increase in price in just three months," he lamented.


text:
A Mixed Integer Programming Approach to Synthetic Flight Trainer Acquisition.
AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OHIO SCHOOL OF SYSTEMS AND LOGISTICS
Pagination or Media Count:
The ever increasing use of synthetic flight trainers SFTs in U.S. Air Force flight training programs makes necessary efficient and cost-effective SFT acquisition. This thesis presents a mathematical model which employs a mixed integer linear programming approach to analyze the comparative costs and task-training capabilities of proposed SFTs. In addition to detailing the model, the thesis presents an example formulation in which the model was used to evaluate the SFTs proposed for the flight training program for initial qualification in the A-10 aircraft. From the results of the example formulation, the authors concluded that mixed integer linear programming models are useful for selecting the most economical SFT or combination of SFTs to complement an aircraft in a flight training program, that the evaluation of SFTs should include several proposed SFTs with various task-training capabilities rather than a limited number of SFTs with similar task-training capability, that part-task SFTs may be a cost saving means of providing flight simulation, and that SFTs are an economical means of lowering flight training program costs.
- Humanities and History
- Numerical Mathematics


Using a Controlled Atmosphere Glove Box with an exterior liquid nitrogen tank
SaveSavedRemoved 0
Deal Score0
Deal Score0
By Bob Applequist, Senior Application Specialist
On July 10, 2014 in Articles
Sometimes a simple question can make something seemingly complicated suddenly very simple and easy. When setting-up a Controlled Atmosphere Glove Box to achieve and maintain very low oxygen and moisture levels in the inert atmosphere, the question is: "What is your source of nitrogen?"
- A compressed nitrogen tank, (aka K -size cylinder of compressed nitrogen)
- A building supplied nitrogen originating from a big exterior liquid nitrogen tank
The Answer: "We have a large exterior tank filled with Liquid N2."
This answer addresses the issue of how much nitrogen you can use to simply flush a glove box to a "clean condition."
With a house supplied nitrogen gas system, you have pure physics on your side.
If all parties agree, you can simply connect a nitrogen gas line to a glove box manual valve, and exhaust the vent line through the glove box manual valve routed to a fume hood.
Then adjust the two valves to achieve a low-volume constant bleed of nitrogen gas passing through the glove box main chamber (maybe up to a liter a minute for first time clean-up, or lower for maintaining a specific ppm level of oxygen and moisture).
The constant flushing of pure nitrogen will dilute the glove box interior atmosphere to a very clean concentration.
This is advantageous on two levels.
1. There is no requirement for costly electronic pressure control accessories.
2. The operator will not spend time manipulating the electronic controls at the glove box to reduce the oxygen and moisture levels.
Set-up the constant bleed of nitrogen gas and you're done. Just walk away from the glove box. The disadvantages of this operation method are that the nitrogen gas is used constantly, and the constant flush purification/operation method is slow. But you get to spend your time on something more important than working the glove box main chamber pressure system.
Since you will still need to get materials in and out of the glove box main chamber, there is still a requirement for connecting a nitrogen gas line and a rotary vacuum pump to the transfer chamber's manual pressure control valves.
The transfer chamber on Labideal Glove Boxes.
can withstand an absolute vacuum level; therefore, cleaning up the transfer chamber goes quickly. The transfer chamber can be quickly evacuated down to -25 to -29 inches of mercury gauge pressure, and then refilled with nitrogen gas. With a clean transfer chamber, your materials can be moved into the main chamber without contaminating the main chamber atmosphere. The extreme vacuum level cleans up the transfer chamber and the materials quickly.
The total equipment list boils down to these three things:
1. Controlled Atmosphere Glove Box
2. Rotary Vacuum Pump
3. Tubing Kits
That's as simple as it gets!
We will be happy to hear your thoughts
Leave a reply
Labideal
Logo
Register New Account
Reset Password
Compare items
 - Total (0)
Compare


docs » Seal.plugins.urlformats
A plugin to quickly open URLs containing a search/query term This plugin is invoked with the uf keyword and requires some configuration, see :providersTable()
The way this works is by defining a set of providers, each of which contains a URL with a %s somewhere insert it. When the user types uf in Seal, followed by some more characters, those characters will be inserted into the string at the point where the %s is.
By way of an example, you could define a provider with a url like _URL_ and just need to type uf 123456 in Seal to get a quick shortcut to open the full URL.
API Overview
API Documentation
Methods
providersTable
Signature Seal.plugins.urlformats:providersTable(aTable)
Type Method
Description
Gets or sets the current providers table
Parameters
 - aTable - An optional table of providers, which must contain the following keys:
 - name - A string naming the provider, which will be shown in the Seal results
 - url - A string containing the URL to insert the user's query into. This should contain one and only one %s
Returns
 - Either a table of current providers, if no parameter was passed, or nothing if a parmameter was passed.
Notes
 - An example table might look like:
{
 rhbz = { name = "Red Hat Bugzilla", url = "_URL_ },
 lp = { name = "Launchpad Bug", url = "_URL_ },
}
Source Source/Seal.spoon/seal_urlformats.lua line 97


Block Copolymer Definition (Chemistry)
Nitrile, a plastic commonly used in disposable gloves, is a block copolymer.
Douglas Sacha / Getty Images
A block copolymer is a copolymer formed when the two monomers cluster together and form 'blocks' of repeating units.
For example, a polymer made up of X and Y monomers joined together like:
-Y-Y-Y-Y-Y-X-X-X-X-X-Y-Y-Y-Y-Y-X-X-X-X-X-
is a block copolymer where -Y-Y-Y-Y-Y- and -X-X-X-X-X- groups are the blocks.
Block Copolymer Examples
The material used to make automobile tires is a block copolymer called SBS rubber (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene). The blocks in SBS rubber are polystyrene and polybutadiene (StyreneButatineStyrene). Nitrile and ethylene-vinyl acetate are also copolymers.
Format
mla apa chicago
Your Citation
Helmenstine, Anne Marie, Ph.D. "Block Copolymer Definition (Chemistry)." ThoughtCo, Aug. 27, 2020, _URL_-of-block-copolymer-604834. Helmenstine, Anne Marie, Ph.D. (2020, August 27). Block Copolymer Definition (Chemistry). Retrieved from _URL_ Helmenstine, Anne Marie, Ph.D. "Block Copolymer Definition (Chemistry)." ThoughtCo. _URL_ (accessed May 18, 2022).


Difference Wiki
Efflorescent vs. Hygroscopic
The main difference between Efflorescent, and Hygroscopic is that Efflorescent materials do not absorb water, while the Hygroscopic materials do not provide an aqueous solution, but they usually absorb water vapor.
Key Differences
The efflorescent materials are regarded as solids that go through spontaneous water loss from some hydrated salts; at the same time, the hygroscopic substances are referred to as solids that absorb or adsorb water and form a clump.
Janet White
Sep 11, 2022
A considerable amount of affinity for water is present by efflorescent materials; on the flip side, a very less amount of affinity is contained by hygroscopic substances.
In efflorescent materials, a solution is not established; on the contrary, in hygroscopic materials, a solution is not formed, but they absorb water vapor.
Water is not entirely absorbed by efflorescent elements; on the flip side, the water may be absorbed or adsorbed by hygroscopic substances.
Efflorescent contents are generally present in surroundings as crystals; on the flip side, humectants are known as the second name for hygroscopic.
Comparison Chart
.
The process in which salt is present in a porous material is firstly dissolved by absorbed water and then transferred to the porous surface where forms precipitation out of the solution is known as efflorescent.
The process in which the substance absorbs water from its surrounding environment and absorb enough to clomp together is known as hygroscopic.
ADVERTISEMENT
Considered As
They are considered as solids that undergo natural loss of water from hydrated salts.
They are considered as solids that mainly adsorb or absorb water from its surrounding environment.
Water Vapor Absorption
The water is not absorbed.
The water is either adsorb or absorb.
Other Names
Present as crystals.
Also known as humectants.
Janet White
Sep 11, 2022
Affinity for Water
Consists of a considerable attraction towards the water.
It includes a little affinity towards water.
Janet White
Sep 11, 2022
Formation of a Solution
A solution is not produced.
A solution is not created, but they absorb water vapor.
Samantha Walker
Sep 11, 2022
Examples
The example in which a compound go through this is washing soda
The illustrations are copper oxide, sodium trioxonitrate, and quick lime (CaO)
Aimie Carlson
Sep 11, 2022
ADVERTISEMENT
Efflorescent and Hygroscopic Definitions
Efflorescent
(Botany) A state or time of flowering.
Hygroscopic
Readily absorbing moisture, as from the atmosphere.
Efflorescent
A gradual process of unfolding or developing.
Hygroscopic
Readily taking up and retaining water, especially from the atmosphere.
Efflorescent
The point or time of greatest vigor; the culmination.
Hygroscopic
Of or pertaining to, or indicated by, the hygroscope; not readily manifest to the senses, but capable of detection by the hygroscope; as, glass is often covered with a film of hygroscopic moisture.
ADVERTISEMENT
Efflorescent
Bursting into flower.
Hygroscopic
Having the property of readily inbibing moisture from the atmosphere, or of the becoming coated with a thin film of moisture, as glass, etc.
Efflorescent
Growing at a rapid rate; flourishing.
Hygroscopic
Absorbing moisture (as from the air)
Efflorescent
Forming a white dust or efflorescence on the surface.
Efflorescent
That effloresces, or is liable to effloresce on exposure; as, an efflorescent salt.
Efflorescent
Covered with an efflorescence.
Efflorescent
Bursting into flower;
Flowering spring trees
Efflorescent vs. Hygroscopic
Efflorescent substances are also considered as solids that undergo natural loss of water from hydrated salts. On the flip side, the hygroscopic is considered as solids that mainly adsorb or absorb water from its surrounding environment.
The water is not absorbed by efflorescent materials, whereas the water is either adsorb or absorb by hygroscopic substances. Efflorescent is present as crystals, while the hygroscopic materials are also known as humectants.
The efflorescent materials consist of a considerable attraction towards the water; on the other hand, the hygroscopic materials contain a little affinity towards water. Thorugh the absorption of water vapor, a solution is not provided by efflorescent materials; on the flip side, a solution is not produced by hygroscopic substances, but they absorb water vapor.
The example of efflorescence in which a compound go through this is washing soda. At the same time, the cases of hygroscopic substances are copper oxide, sodium trioxonitrate, and quick lime (CaO).
What is Efflorescent?
The solids which go through the natural water loss from specific hydrated salts (inorganic salts having water molecules mixed in a defined ratio). These salts can lose molecules of water when exposed to the outside are known as efflorescent substances, and this whole process is known as efflorescence.
The process of efflorescent happens when the liquid-vapor pressure of the hydrate becomes higher than the partial pressure of the water vapors ordinarily present in the air. The examples are, 10H2O, FeSO4, Na2CO3, Na2SO4, and 10H2O, while the most common example of efflorescence is aeration of cement. Washing soda is also the example that goes through efflorescence in which its molecules usually lose nine of its units out of its total ten crystallized water molecules when taken into the open air.
What is Hygroscopic?
The solids which absorb moisture from the surrounding environment but would not produce a solution is known as hygroscopic substance, and they consume enough to form a clamp. The process of Hygroscopy usually results in the change of physical features of the hygroscopic materials, which includes boiling, color, viscosity, point, etc.
Salts are the most common examples of hygroscopic substances. There are present some other hygroscopic compounds as well, which include silica gel, germinating seeds, honey, etc. Examples of hygroscopic materials are copper oxide, sodium trioxonitrate, zinc chloride, sodium chloride, quick lime (CaO), and sodium hydroxide.
Trending Comparisons
New Comparisons


Don't miss an insight. Subscribe to Techopedia for free.
Subscribe
Advertisements
Exadata
What Does Exadata Mean?
Exadata is a database machine designed by Oracle that provides users with optimized functionality pertaining to enterprise class databases and their associated workloads. Exadata is a composite database server machine that uses Oracle database software and the hardware server equipment developed by Sun Microsystems.
Advertisements
Oracle calls Exadata the fastest database server ever built, primarily due to its highly powerful and intelligent database, where query completion time is 10 times faster, even in a huge data warehouse.
Techopedia Explains Exadata
Exadata is a database appliance that has the capability to provide support to a combination of database systems such as OLTP and OLAP, the transactional and analytical database systems. Exadata was initially designed in a collaborative effort between Oracle and HP, in which Oracle powered the Linux-based OS and database software, while HP designed the system's server hardware. However, after Oracle acquired Sun Microsystems in 2010, Exadata Version 2 came to use Sun Microsystems Storage Systems technology.
Advertisements
Related Terms


text:
The 12th meeting of the ministers of Agriculture of the member States of the International Centre for Advanced Mediterranean Agronomic Studies (CIHEAM) will be held in Morocco in the spring of 2022, announced a joint statement by the ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries, Rural Development, Water and Forests and CIHEAM. This announcement was made at the 147th meeting of the Board of Directors of CIHEAM held Thursday by video conference from Rabat under the chairmanship of the secretary general of the Department of Agriculture, Mohamed Sadiki in his capacity as president of the Center, said the same source. The 12th meeting of ministers of Agriculture of CIHEAM member States will coincide with the celebration of 60 years of the Center, the statement added. Established in 1962, the International Centre for Advanced Mediterranean Agronomic Studies is a Mediterranean intergovernmental organization composed of 13 Member States, namely Albania, Algeria, Egypt, France, Greece, Italy, Lebanon, Malta, Morocco, Portugal, Spain, Tunisia and Turkey. As a key player in multilateral cooperation in the fields of sustainable agriculture and fisheries, food systems, coastal and rural development, its missions revolve around four main objectives, mainly the protection of the planet, food and nutrition security, inclusive development and prevention of crises.
- HM the King, Commander of the Faithful, Chairs Religious Evening to Commemorate Eid Al-Mawlid Annabaoui
- HM the King, Commander of the Faithful, to Chair Religious Evening Wednesday to Commemorate Eid Al-Mawlid Annabaoui
- Morocco To Host AFCON-2025
- Morocco Condemns Terrorist Act Targeting Positions of Bahraini Forces Participating in 'Decisive Storm and Restore Hope' Operation on Southern Border of Saudi Arabia – Foreign Ministry –
- Autonomy Initiative, The 'One and Only' Solution to Regional Dispute over Moroccan Sahara – Hilale –


_EMAIL_, _EMAIL_ +86-_PHONE_ / +86-25-86703826
You are here: Home / Blog / Product News / How to maintain an electric operating table?
How to maintain an electric operating table?
Views: 0 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2021-10-11 Origin: Site
Inquire
The electric operating table is also called OT table,OT bed. It is a large-scale medical equipment in the operating room. With the development of science and technology, the medical field is also constantly innovating. The traditional electric operating table cannot be folded and has a single function; now the new operating table can be folded, put in a box, and transferred patients, and has multiple functions.Electric operating table is mainly composed of table top, body, control system and accessories. In order to make the electric operating table work better and meet the patient's body movement and operation requirements, its height is adjustable and foldable. The table board includes the head board, back board, hip board, leg board and waist bridge. The material is stainless steel, which prevents corrosion and deformation, and is easy to clean and maintain.In this article we will discuss the maintenance of the electric operating table.

The following knowledge points are listed below:
Ø The maintenance and precautions of an electric operating table
1. The maintenance and precautions of an electric operating table
(1) The electric operating table should be cleaned and disinfected before and after the operation. The electric operating table and accessories should be cleaned with a weak alkaline detergent containing surfactant and phosphate. The disinfection of the operating bed should be diluted with an acetaldehyde-based surface disinfectant to disinfect the operating bed. Do not use chlorine, chlorine-containing compounds and mixtures containing ethanol to avoid corrosion of electric operating table metal surfaces. Do not spray or rinse the electric operating table base with detergent or water to prevent short-circuit damage, rust or internal electrical control system failure.
(2) To move the electric operating table, turn on the power switch (you need to turn on the network power when the battery is low), press the electric operating table base move button and composite button on the controller, then the electric operating table can be moved. The operating table needs to be moved for a long time. When the electric operating table is moving, the power switch can be turned off.After each use and cleaning, the electric operating table should be in a horizontal and minimum position. Turn off the power switch and cut off the power supply.
(3) Do not put heavy objects on the electric operating table power cord or push the cart over the power cord.
(4) The patient cannot sit directly on the leg and toe plate when using the electric operating table leg plate and the toe plate, so as to avoid the leg plate and the toe plate from breaking and causing an accident.
(5) When using the electric operating table armrest board, do not use excessive force and place heavy objects to prevent the armrest board from breaking.
(6) Do not place objects, accessories or heavy objects on the outer cover of the base of the electric operating table.
(7) Do a good job in electric operating table parts management. When not in use, it should be placed on a dedicated shelf in an orderly manner and checked regularly to prevent loss and damage.
(8) Master the correct adjustment method of the electric operating table and the use and installation of various accessories.
(9) Regularly check the function of the electric operating table, and maintenance work should be performed by professionals. Surgery must be done.
(10) After the electric operating table is used, it should be kept clean and dry to prevent damage to the electrical appliances inside the operating table.
(11) The controller should be kept clean and dry. After use, it can be hung on the guide rails on both sides of the electric operating table.
(12) Be sure to check whether the electric operating table power cord and handheld controller are damaged or broken, and make sure that they are not pinched by other objects.
(13) When the electric operating table is tilted left and right, front and rear, use the support frame and the strap to fix the patient's position to prevent the patient from slipping due to misoperation.
(14) Necessary inspections and daily maintenance of the electric operating table should be performed regularly.

In one word, the electric operating tables require regular maintenance in order to extend their lifespan.
QUICK LINK
PRODUCT CATEGORIES
GET IN TOUCH
China: No.18 Fenghua Road,Yuhua Economic Development Zone, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, China

UK: 419 Harborne Road, Edgbaston, Birmingham, England.
+86-25-86703826
+86-25-86727065
+86-_PHONE_
GET FREE ENQUIRY NOW！
Contact us
Copyright © 2020 Poweam Medical


text:
|| Checking for direct PDF access through Ovid
This study aims to provide estimates of hospital-based emergency department (ED) visits due to dental conditions in Nebraska and to examine patient-related characteristics associated with ED charges. In addition, this study provides dental-related ED visits and distribution of dentists by county.For the study, we used the State Emergency Department Database for Nebraska for the years 2011 through 2013 and the Health Resources and Services Administration's Area Health Resource File. All ED visits with dental conditions in Nebraska were selected. The primary outcome variable was hospital-based ED charges. Multivariable linear regression model was used to examine the effects of patient-related factors on ED charges.During the study period, a total of 9943 dental-related ED visits occurred. Of these, 55.5% patients aged between 25 and 44 years. Thirty-nine percent of all dental ED visits had patients who were self-financed or uninsured. Twenty counties in Nebraska do not have a dentist, and nine counties had more than 50 ED visits per 10,000 population. Patients residing in urban areas paid significantly higher charges than those living in rural towns, small rural towns, or isolated rural areas. The mean and total ED charges attributed to dental conditions for the entire study period were $934 and $9.3 million, respectively.Patients who are uninsured, aged 25-44 years, covered by private insurance, and residing in urban areas are identified to be at high risk. There is a need to develop health policies and programs to improve access to dental care in rural states.


a value different from 3

 - To access nested fields, nest them in further input objects:
 query BulgarianCompanies {
 company (where: {country: {gn_countryCode: {EQ: "BG"}}}) {
 id name
 country {id name gn_countryCode}
 }
 }

The following table shows which comparisons are applicable to which scalar types:
Datatypes Comparisons
iri EQ NEQ IN NIN RE NRE IRE NIRE
string EQ NEQ IN NIN LT GT LTE GTE RE NRE IRE NIRE
unsignedByte unsignedShort unsignedLong unsignedInt integer positiveInteger nonPositiveInteger negativeInteger nonNegativeInteger positiveFloat nonPositiveFloat negativeFloat nonNegativeFloat double decimal EQ NEQ IN NIN LT GT LTE GTE
date time dateTime year yearMonth EQ NEQ IN NIN LT GT LTE GTE
boolean EQ NEQ IN NIN LT GT LTE GTE
To compare literals and union datatypes (literal, langString, stringOrLangString, dateOrYearOrMonth) you need to access their value subfield. You can then use all comparison operators.
Note
When filtering by dateTime, the following formats will be accepted:
(where: {dateTimeRegular: {GT: "2016-06-23T09:07:20"}})
(where: {dateTimeRegular: {GT: "2016-06-23T09:07:20Z"}})
The following would not be accepted:
(where:dateTimeRegular:{GT: "2016-06-23T09:07:20.000"}})
Logical Connectives
You can use the following logical connectives:
 - AND (conjunction) is implicit between clauses in the same input object
 - To compare two fields of the same object, just put them together in the same dict. E.g., search for people by birth date and name (Note: commas are optional in GraphQL):
 {person (where: {birthDate: {EQ:"2010-01-01"}, name: {IRE:"smith"}}) {name}}

 - To apply two comparisons to one field (e.g., a range check), just put them together in the same dict. E.g., search for people born between 2010 and 2015 (exclusive). Note: this compares birthDate directly, so it assumes a declaration like birthDate: {range: date} (and not a literal):
 {person (where: {birthDate: {GTE:"2010-01-01", LT:"2015-01-01"}}) {name}}

 - AND is an explicit conjunction. You will need to use it in two cases:
 1. To check two different instances of the same field. For example, look for people who have siblings born on two different dates:
 {person (where: {AND: [{sibling: {birthDate: {EQ:"2010-01-01"}}},
 {sibling: {birthDate: {EQ:"2015-01-01"}}}]}) {
 name
 sibling {name birthDate}}}

 - You cannot write this query using IN because that would look for one sibling born on any of the dates:
 {person (where: {sibling: {birthDate: {IN: ["2010-01-01","2015-01-01"}}}]) {
 name
 sibling {name birthDate}}}

 - However, if the sibling field being checked has multiple values or can match several times, such a check could still match a single node. The example query below will match a person with a single sibling named "John-Jane":
 {person (where: {AND: [{sibling: {name: {IRE: "john"}}},
 {sibling: {name: {IRE: "jane"}}}]}) {
 name
 sibling {name}}}

 2. To make two comparisons on one field using the same operator. (Note: this is only needed for the string operators RE IRE NRE NIRE.)
 - Imagine you need to check for two words, "cheese" and "ham", in any order. If you use AND at the outer level, there is no guarantee the same "title" value will be used:
 {article: (where: {AND: [{title: {IRE: "cheese"}},
 {title: {IRE: "ham"}}]}) {
 title}}

 - So it is better to make the conjunction at the operator level:
 {article: (where: {title: {AND: [{IRE: "cheese"},
 {IRE: "ham"}]}}) {
 title}}

 - You could also do it with a single more expensive regex:
 {article: (where: {title: {IRE: "cheese.*ham|ham.*cheese"}}) {
 title}}

 - OR takes an array of clauses and applies a disjunction.
 - For example, look for people named "john" (first name) or "smith" (last name):
 {person (where: {OR: [{firstName: {IRE: "john"}},
 {lastName: {IRE: "smith"}}]}) {
 firstName lastName}}

 - If you need to check for one of several values in the same field, it is easier to use RE with | (for text comparison) or IN (for fixed values). For example, look for "smith" or "jones" in last name:
 {person (where: {lastName: {IRE: "smith|jones"}}) {
 lastName}}

 - Look for a person born on one of two dates:
 {person (where: {birthDate: {IN: ["2010-01-01","2015-01-01"]}}) {
 name birthDate}}}

 - You can use OR at the operator level if you need a disjunction of two comparisons on the same field. This query looks for articles with rating (a decimal number) outside the range 1..3:
 {article (where: {rating: {OR: [{LT:1} {GT:3}]}}) {
 title rating}}

 - NOT negates a clause. Most of the time you will not need it because you can use negation at the operator level. But you may need it for some complicated tests.
 - EXISTS is implicit when checking fields and sub-fields (one value is enough to satisfy the condition).
 - ALL is applicable to multi-valued fields and checks that all values satisfy the condition. For example, find people all of whose siblings are young babies (as of 2019):
 {person (where: {ALL: {sibling: {birthDate: {GTE: "2019-01-01"}}}}) {
 name
 sibling {name birthDate}}}

 - Note that a person without any siblings will also be returned by the above query (a vacuous truth), so you may want to add an existence check:
 {person (where: {ALL: {sibling: {birthDate: {GTE: "2019-01-01"}}}
 sibling: {birthDate: {GTE: "2019-01-01"}}}) {
 name
 sibling {name birthDate}}}

 - For such cases you can use the ALL_EXISTS shortcut. It is applicable to multi-valued fields and checks both ALL and EXISTS. The example query below finds people who have young baby siblings, and only such siblings:
 {person (where: {ALL_EXISTS: {sibling: {birthDate: {GTE: "2019-01-01"}}}}) {
 name
 sibling {name birthDate}}}

Please note that ALL is expensive since it involves a SPARQL condition FILTER NOT EXISTS. We have implemented query optimizations that use the GraphDB cardinality statistics (similar to what is printed in the Explain Plan) to convert such clause to DISTINCT or MINUS in appropriate cases.
ALL_EXISTS is even more expensive since it combines a FILTER NOT EXISTS with FILTER EXISTS
Where Inputs
The definition of the where "formal grammar" is in the form of Input Objects added to the generated GraphQL schema. By using these definitions, your query development environment (GraphiQL, GraphQL Playground or similar) should provide efficient assistance for writing where queries.
Here is an example from Ontotext's Star Wars API demo service:
../_images/graphiql-swapi-where.png
The GraphiQL UI guides you with autocompletion to easily enter a query like this one:
{
 starship(where: {cargoCapacity: {LT:100}}) {
 id
 name
 cargoCapacity
 }
}
For every GraphQL object type (including Literal) we generate two input objects.
 - <Type>_Where is used in contexts where the type appears in a single-value field.
 - <Type>_Where_Multi is used in contexts where the type appears in a mutli-value field. The difference is that this one has the connectives ALL and ALL_EXISTS.
 - You can use


text:
Odisha to implement ARUA to replenish groundwater table
The scheme will be implemented from the budget of the Water Resources department.
BHUBANESWAR: The Odisha government will soon launch a scheme called 'artificial recharge to underground acquifer' (ARUA) to replenish the depleting groundwater table in the State. As per a resolution of the Water Resources department, the scheme will be implemented in six semi-critical and 26 approaching semi-critical blocks having groundwater extraction of more than 65 per cent of the entire State at an estimated cost of Rs 49.23 crores over a period of five years from 2022-23 to 2026-27.
The scheme will be implemented from the budget of the Water Resources department. Under the scheme, groundwater recharge shafts will be installed in 2,400 existing tanks. Official sources said maintenance of the structures will be done by Pani Panchayats where available or by the staff of groundwater directorate. In the case of Pani Panchayats taking up maintenance in a block, funds will be provided by the Water Resources department for maintenance. Besides, they will also impart necessary training for taking up maintenance.


text:
From A Wiki of Ice and Fire
|Book||The World of Ice & Fire (mentioned)|
Petyr claimed the title of river king or King of the Trident in the generations after the riverlands were conquered by the Storm King Arlan III Durrandon. Lord Petyr had a brief, inglorious reign before being put down.
- The World of Ice & Fire, The Riverlands.


Phone directories
Here is a programming quetion i tried to post with my code but it bunched it up all together and was impossible to read, so here it the question if any one has any ideas....
Create and Maintain Telephone Directories
Write a Visual Basic program to create and maintain telephone directories. Each telephone directory should be contained in a separate text file. In addition, a file named Directories.txt should hold the names of the telephone directories. At any time, names of all the telephone directories should be displayed in a list box. After a telephone directory is selected, it becomes the current phone directory. The following buttons should be available.
1. Create a new telephone directory. (The filename should be provided by an input dialog box.) A new text file should be created for the directory, and the name of the new directory should be added to the Directories.txt file. The Phone Directories listbox should immediately be refreshed to reflect the new directory, and the new directory should be automatically selected from the listbox. Note that this selection should trigger the procedure that sets the current directory and updates the contents of the current directory textbox. Also note that the list of directories is displayed in ascending order in the listbox.
2. Add a listing (as given in textboxes) to the end of the current phone directory. This action should update the text file containing the listings of the current directory and refresh the grid to display the newly added listing.
3. Delete a name (as specified in the â€œNameâ€ text box) from the current phone directory. This action should update the text file containing the listings of the current directory. As is good software development practice, you should prompt the user with a messagebox that allows him to confirm the deletion before any permanent action is taken to delete the entry from the file. The grid should also refresh to show the removal of the listing.
4. Display the names and phone numbers in the current phone directory. (Note that the listings are displayed in ascending order in the table.)
Layout b/c a picture wont upload
There are four text files: friends.text, merchants.txt, Resturants.txt, and theaters.txt
4 buttons: create anew phone dir, add a listing to the current dir, remove a listing from current dir, and display the list in the current dir.
Three text box: Name, Phone number, and current phone dir.
A list box for the dir
a data grid view for phonelistings
Comments
 - Anonymous commented
 I'm a computer science programmer and a tutor in programming and theory with an extensive experience of over 7 years. Being very passionate and diligent, you can expect same quality in my work. I'm always open for communication and will get back to you in a timely manner. Send me your assignments with the deadline and wait for my prompt reply for more discussions. Thank You! ☺ _EMAIL_
Answers (1)
 - You need a Homework Help subscription
 to view this answer!
 Chegg Homework Help subscribers get:
 - Full access to our library of 2 million Q&A posts
 - 24/7 help from our community of subject experts
 - Fast answers from experts, around the clock
 Start Free Trial...
 Your free trial lasts for 7 days. Your subscription will continue for $14.95/month unless you cancel.
Get homework help
More than 200 experts are waiting to help you now...