Microsoft Office Tutorials and References
In Depth Information
Removing Items from the Context Menu
Removing Items from the Context Menu
Over time, your context menus can become cluttered with program entries from
old programs that you may not use anymore. You might experience programs that
take over all your context menus. Compression apps such as WinZip, WinRAR,
or Picozip always end up adding program entries to all the context menus. I have
Picozip installed on my computer and every time I right-click any file or folder,
I see five entries from Picozip giving me different compression options. This
can be a convenient feature, but if you don't compress and extract zip files very
often, you might not need the added convenience. Instead, you could remove
these entries from your context menu, which will give your system a cleaner
interface as well as a small performance boost if you have a lot of extra entries
in your context menu.
Removing these programs from your context menus can be a little tricky
because they can be spread in different places in the registry. The only way to
remove these types of entries is to edit the registry directly. Follow these steps:
1. Open the Start screen, type regedit and then press Enter.
2. When the Registry Editor appears, expand the HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT folder.
A list of the file types set up on your computer displays.
3. If the entry that you want to remove from the context menu appears in
all context menus, such as the preceding Picozip example, you have to
expand the * folder. Otherwise, expand the folder with the file extension
you want to modify.
4. After expanding the correct folder, expand the ShellEx and ContextMenuHandlers
folders. Your registry path should be HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\*\ShellEx\
ContextMenuHandlers.
5. Look through the list until you find the entry that you want to remove.
Right-click the entry and select Delete. Identifying some of the programs
is easy. For example, WinRAR is labeled WinRAR, as shown in Figure 9-5.
However, you may run into some items that are listed using their
application/class ID or a vague name. For those, do a registry search of the
class ID (Ctrl+F), which is formatted as {XXXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-
XXXXXXXXXXXX} , to find other references that give you clues to what the
ID belongs to. If that does not work, try doing a search on Google to see
whether that turns up anything.
6. After you are finished removing all the entries from your context menus,
close Registry Editor and you are finished. Your changes will be in effect
immediately.

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Munich Personal RePEc Archive
Not so cheap talk: a model of advice with communication costs
Hertel, Jo and Smith, John (2009): Not so cheap talk: a model of advice with communication costs.
Download (189kB) | Preview
We model a game similar to the interaction between an academic advisor and advisee. Like the classic cheap talk setup, an informed player sends information to an uninformed receiver who is to take an action which affects the payoffs of both sender and receiver. However, unlike the classic cheap talk setup, the preferences regarding the receiver's actions are identical for both sender and receiver. Additionally, the sender incurs a communication cost which is increasing in the complexity of the message sent. We characterize the resulting equilibria. Under an additional out-of-equilibrium condition (Condition L), if preferences for sender and receiver are identical then the only equilibria are the most informative, feasible ones. A similar result appears in Chen, Kartik and Sobel (2008) when their No Incentive to Separate (NITS) condition is applied to the case where communication is costless but preferences diverge. Additionally, we model the competency of the advisee by the probability that the action is selected by mistake. We show that the informativeness of the sender is decreasing in the likelihood of the mistake. When the preferences between players diverge and when there are communication costs, we are not guaranteed uniqueness and we provide an example where an increase in communication costs can improve communication.
MPRA is a RePEc service hosted by
the Munich University Library in Germany.


text:
The Milkwater is a river located beyond the Wall. It is created from several tributaries that originate in the Frostfangs, and runs south along the mountain range until it pours its waters into the Bay of Ice. It carves a deep gorge through the mountains as it empties into the sea at the western end of the Wall, which is guarded by the Shadow Tower.
The Milkwater has four main branches, none of which has been revealed to have a formal name - they are all considered part of "the Milkwater". One major branch runs all the way north along the mountain range, almost to the valley of the Thenn. The next branch runs northwest from the Fist of the First Men, north of the Skirling Pass. A third branch runs south of the Fist and the Skirling Pass. The fourth and southernmost branch actually doesn't originate in the Frostfangs, but in the Haunted Forest to the east. Indeed, it extends as far east as Castle Black (though at a much northern latitude), and runs past Craster's Keep. This final branch joins the river somewhat north of the Shadow Tower.
- ↑ Season 2 Bluray: War of the Five Kings feature

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Meaning : Former Name Of Iran, Former name of Iran,
Origin : Arabic,
If you have information about this name, share it in the comments area below!
Numerology information Persia:
Name Number: 5 Meaning: Motion, Change, Freedom, Diversity, Liberty, Choice, Interest, Search, Risk, Danger, Fear
Additional information Persia:
Biblical Meaning: The name Persia is a Biblical baby name. In Biblical the meaning of the name Persia is: That cuts or divides, a nail, a gryphon, a horseman.
Definition funny of Persia:
the most civilized and powerful empire until even after the romans fell. in 559 BC, the persian king Cyrus the great defeated the Mades controlling what is now iran, iraq, and some other countries. Cyrus set out to create a powerful empire. in fact, he created THE FIRST EMPIRE. the word "Persia" comes from the greek word "persis" which means empire. the relative strength of the persian empire at the height of its power was like the relative strength of modern day, china, india, russia, EU, US and japan put together. the persians were the first people in history to give men and women equal rights, abolish slavery and write the very first human and animal bill of rights. they also built in 400s BC the very first stadium, the apadana in persepolis (later burnt down by alexander). the apadana was able to seat 15 (yes, fifteen thousand) people in it, with space left for a grand ceremony. this massive bulding was roofed. unlike the collosium. the arcitectural and worth of this single building, if it lived through the fire alexander put it through, would have dwarfed the city of rome. The persian empire was a god compared to rome. when rome attacked persia (battle of carhae) with 44 thousand soldiers, a 10 thousand man army from the persian empire crushed the romans, and sent tehir general's head back to rome. people commonly mistake persians for arabs, this is a fatal mistake, persians are aryans like the germans. they migrated from southern russia. NEVER CALL A PERSIAN AN ARAB! THEY WILL SNAP, THEY MIGHT DO SOMETHING DANGEROUS TO YOUR HEALTH AND/OR REPUTATION! the persian empire at the height of its power ruled from eastern india, to southern russia, to egypt, to thrace and the persian gulf. they ruled over 80% of the civilized world. the end of persian supremacy: after the arab invasion of persia, their culture was weakened by islam. the islamic hordes burnt all books in the persia libraries, destroying the knowledge that took europe 1000 years to re-invent. even after the arab invasion, persia still held a powerful seat in international sayings. Nader (Na-dde-r) shah of persia, restored the persian glory around the 1600s. modern persia: until 1935, persia was the actuall name, after than, reza shah changed that to "iran" which was the original name the mades and other aryan tribes gave it. the word "iran" literally means "land of the aryans". in 1953, a coup organized by the CIA to bring down iran's first democrtically elected official (mossadeq) because he nationalized the oil industry. they then installed the dictatoric mohamad reza shah, who was a puppet of the americans. he was overthrown in 1979 after the islamic revolution. which produced a more democratic government compared to the Shah's, but not quite democratic enough. in 1980, iraq invaded iran. possibly a work of the CIA, or the americans, in payback for the iranian's hostage crisis (that was nothing compared to what the US did later to iran). iran fought iraq bravely for 8 years, contributed some 1 million casualties, and pushed iraq back. at this time, iran had no weapons program. iraq was aided by the west with sattelite pictures, and chemical and biological weapons, which they launched into iranian cities. after the war was over, at around 1995, iran started to produce its own fighter jet, and tank. they recently developed their medium range missile. they are now working on their controversial nuclear energy program, which the US labels as a plot to develop nuclear weapons. Conclusion: the persian empire was the longest lasting power on earth. it lasted for about 1500 years as a world power. 1200 of those, it was THE world power. if it were up to me, the only nation truely deserving of being called an empire was the persian empire. iran is doing much better than all other islamic countries at the moment. it holds 17% of all of the world's resources. it has what it takes to become an empire again, but unfortunatly, the current world power, and the current government make that impossible. you generally dont learn about the persian empire in schools in the US, canada, mexico, and most of europe, simply because of politics. to give you an image of what they are not teaching you, consider this: you were never taught about rome, wwi, wwii, the cold war and the american colonies. all those put together come close to the magnitude of the importance of the persian empire in shaping the world as we see it today.
the persian empire conquered 80% of the civilized world, and managed to keep its borders intact for 1500 years.
Greek name of the empire of ruled by the Indo-European peoples of the Iranian plateau during the Achaemenid dynasty. The name got carried over by Europeans for more than two millennia. In actuality the inhabitants of "Persia" for millennia have called it Iran, meaning "land of the Aryans". "Persians", Iranians, were responsible for some of the greatest contributions to the modern world. Some examples are the concepts of universal human rights under Cyrus, or Kourosh, the Great, the development of the first postal system, intercontinental road system known as the "Royal Road", modern algebra, medical procedures and analysis of disease, and overall the first empire to form a multicultural basis and the concepts of "states" which have formed the basis of organization that nearly all modern countries follow to this day.
Persians have formed some of the most fundamental concepts in Math, Biology, Chemistry, governmental organization, and modern human rights.
The BEST country in the WORLD with the most attractive people which unfortunately got screwed by a couple of turban-wearing cockroaches with lice crawling beards.
Persia is also known as Iran but call it Persia anyway.
Where all your dreams come true! Actually, Both a country (Iran) and once an empire (sassanid, selucid, and just plain Persian.) Birthplace of Zoroastrianism, and the coolest person in C3C, XERXES I!
Expression information Persia:
People with this name are excited by change, adventure, and excitement. They are dynamic, visionary and versatile, able to make constructive use of freedom. They fight being restricted by rules and conventions. They tend to be optomistic, energetic, intelligent, and to make friends easily. They may be changeable, restless, untidy, and rebellious.
Soul information Persia:
People with this name have a deep inner desire for a stable, loving family or community, and a need to work with others and to be appreciated.
Songs about Persia:
Raupach: Siroe, re di Persia - "O placido il mare" by Cecilia Bartoli from the Album St. Petersburg [+digital booklet]
The Prince Of Persia by Harry Gregson-Williams from the Album Prince Of Persia: The Sands Of Time
Prince of Persia (From "Prince of Persia") by The Hollywood LA Soundtrack Orchestra from the Album Moviehits
Gypsy from Persia(Persion Violin Dance) by Mosavo from the Album Desert Pasage
Chopin in Persia by Maria Pomianowska & Friends from the Album Oriental Garden Vol. 8
Prince of Persia: The Sands of Time (Main Theme) by Movie Sounds Unlimited from the Album Fantasy Movie & TV Themes
Bach's Persia by David Darling from the Album Open Window
Books about Persia:
To Persia, With Love by Doreen Corley and Lauren Wiest (Feb 26, 2014)
Persia and the Bible by Edwin M. Yamauchi and Donald Wiseman (Feb 12, 1997)
Persia the Hooker (Crack House Stories Book 1) by Nolan Smith (Jul 1, 2014)
Persia: The Final Jihad by Mike Evans (2013)
The Seven Great Monarchies Of The Ancient Eastern World, Vol 5: Persia The History, Geography, And Antiquities... by George Rawlinson (Mar 24, 2011)
Prince Atif the greatest prince of persia by charlie james jr (Oct 17, 2014)
Ancient Persia: A Concise History of the Achaemenid Empire, 550-330 BCE by Matt Waters (Jan 20, 2014)
Movies about Persia:
Prince Of Persia: The Sands Of Time 2011 PG-


text:
Water Softener: Leaks water
Loose water line connections, cracked water-carrying components or worn rotor valve seals can cause water softener leaks. Tighten water line fittings if they leak. Check for cracks in the bypass valve assembly and replace it if it's cracked and leaking water.
Check the rotor valve for damaged and replace the rotor valve if it's cracked and leaking. If the rotor valve is okay but its seals leak water, replace the rotor valve seals.
Replace the water softener rotor valve seal
The rotor valve seal on the bottom of the rotor valve prevents water from leaking out of the valve and allows water to flow through the proper opening at the bottom of the rotor valve.
Replace the water softener rotor valve
The rotor valve directs water through the water softener to complete functions such as softening water and flushing the resin filter. A defective valve leaks water or locks up and doesn't move. Replace the rotor valve if it leaks or it's damaged.
Replace the water softener water flow meter
The water flow meter measures water usage. A defective water flow meter won't detect water flow. Replace the water flow meter if it won't detect water flow when water moves through the softener.
The rotor position switch detects the position of the valve rotor. If the rotor position switch fails, follow these steps to replace it in about half an hour.
The venturi draws brine water from the salt tank to the resin tank for regeneration. Follow these steps to replace a damaged venturi.
Learn how to decipher symbols so you can buy the right part for your problem.
Find answers to some of the most commonly asked questions about water softener repairs.

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


Subsistence means the minimal resources that are necessary for survival. If you work for subsistence, you'll probably receive food, water, and lodging (internet access not included).
Subsistence can be used in a variety of subtly different ways. In addition to referring to necessities for survival, it can indicate one's means of obtaining those necessities (usually a job). And if you feel like getting philosophical, subsistence can refer to the very act of existence itself.
Definitions of subsistence
 1. noun
 a means of surviving
 "farming is a hard means of subsistence
 see moresee less
 type of:
 endurance, survival
 a state of surviving; remaining alive
 2. noun
 minimal (or marginal) resources for subsisting
 "social security provided only a bare subsistence
 see moresee less
 type of:
 bread and butter, keep, livelihood, living, support, sustenance
 the financial means whereby one lives
 3. noun
 the state of existing in reality; having substance
 see moresee less
 type of:
 being, beingness, existence
 the state or fact of existing
Word Family


Posts tagged process
Managing Process Recordings in LiveCycle
0
Process Recordings are stored in the /GDS/audit/workflow/ directory.
By default, the maximum number of recordings that can be stored is set to 50.
The value for maximum number of recordings can be configured via Workbench:
---
Read the complete post at Adobe LiveCycle blog.
Solutions and the Application Context
0
Saket Agarwal
Solutions over ADEP have introduced the concept of an application context (aka app context), which can be seen as a unique identifier, that various server side modules use to identify the execution context (from the current execution thread) and process requests in context of that solution. For instance, when persisting content/assets onto the CRX repository, the platform's persistence module (official known as Platform Content) uses the current (invoking) app context to determine where to store the content/assets, and what configurations to use (which would typically be different for different solutions). See snapshot below, indicating the solution specific content areas.
Note that the storage location is /content/apps/cm for Correspondence Management, and /content/apps/icr for Integrated Content Review, which happen to be the app contexts for the two solutions.
Since it is essential for the server to identify the execution context, if you do not set or establish the application context before you make calls to the solution APIs, you will encounter a server error that says : "Unable to fetch application context". To set the app context, use one of the two methods:
App context in your Flex application
If you are invoking a solution API from a flex application, ensure that you set the app context using:
var appToken:AsyncToken = com.adobe.ep.ux.content.services.search.lccontent.LCCQueryServiceFactory.getInstance().setAppContextService("/content/apps/cm"); // setting app context for the CM solution
appToken.addResponder(new mx.rpc.Responder(<your success handler>, <your fault handler>));
App context in your Java application
If you are invoking a solution API from a java based application, ensure that you set the app context using:
com.adobe.livecycle.content.appcontext.AppContextManager.setCurrentAppContext("/content/apps/cm"); // setting app context for the CM solution

The app context concept is also used (or rather leveraged) in other scenarios such as driving solution specific Building Block (BB) configurations. Since a Building Block is meant to be reusable across solutions, it exposes certain configurations that can be different for different solutions. Hence, the BB needs to behave differently depending upon the context in which it is being used or invoked. Below is an example where the Data Dictionary BB is used by two solutions – CM and ICR – and has configurations specific to each solution, lying within the solution's specific app context - /apps/cm for CM and /apps/icr for ICR.
——-
Original article at _URL_
Updating a LiveCycle Process on a Live System
0
- Tai
Recently I have been seeing reports of stalled / failed processes, both short-lived and long-lived. It turns out that in some cases, the process developers were updating processes on their live systems without taking due precautions. The following post is to explain what is actually happening under the hood, and why you can't simply "hot change" a process.
A simple process
Imagine you have a process called MyNotify with two steps in it: a first task (not start point) AssignUser, and a second task SendEmail. Pretty straight forward.
You have deployed this process, and process instances are merrily being kicked off. Great. Now you realize that you don't want the AssignUser task; rather, you want a Workspace Start Point. Remove the AssignUser task, configure the Workspace Start Point to open the same form as you had in the now deletd AssignUser task. Save and deploy.
You may now start getting calls from your users saying their form submission never resulted in an email. Upon investigating, you will likely find errors saying that "Job ID could not be found for Job [...]".
Oh no. What happened?
Tasks not found
Let's wind back to where there were two steps. When a process instance is kicked off, what happens is that an entry in the database is made saying that process MyNotify has been kicked off by user "Alice" (for example), and it has been assigned to Alice, in the AssignUser task.
When Alice submits the form, LiveCycle goes to its database and checks the process – Alice just submitted the AssignUser step, so it checks MyNotify for an AssignUser step, and figures out what to do next from that.
If you have deleted the AssignUser task from MyNotify, LiveCycle will be unable to determine what to do next – and stall the process instance. Future instances should work fine (they are before the change point), anything that was at the SendEmail point in the process will be fine as well (they are after the change point). It is specifically process instances that are in a state that could be affected by the change that risk failure, and that will happen without possibility of roll-back or recuperation (bar performing some incantations in the database to recuperate the data, and then constructing some half-processes to mimick pre-change parts of the changed process, in the hope of pushing the data onwards — a lot of avoidable hassle, itself prone to failure).
Staying safe
It is understandable that you may think that if the process were modified, already-running processes would continue with the older version. This is not so, or at least, not in this scenario.
When kicking off a new process instance, LiveCycle does not automatically make a copy of the process to be followed should a new edit of the process come into existence. Maintaining a copy of all the configurations of a process for each instance created would cause extremely severe performance issues on the server, so a more de-coupled implementation serves best. The work of ensuring that a new copy of the process configuration is created is left up to the process developer.
Once a process is deployed, there are only two "safe" ways of updating the process.
Application Version
The first is to create a new Application version, and when all the new changes are made, deploy the new version.
 - All old instances will continue their course in the old version.
 - Workspace processes will kick off in the new version
 - Calls to the old version of the process will still call the old version
Once you have ascertained for sure that NO more processes from the old version are running, and that no applications rely on the old version, you can safely undeploy it from runtime, and delete it if you so wish.
When will references point to the new version automatically?
Having done this, all references to sub-processes inside the same application will be updated, as will all resources referenced relatively inside the application. For example, MyApplication/1.0/ProcessA can reference /FormA (in Assign User tasks for example) which means "the current application's version's FormA". A sub-process on the process-workflow convas will be referenced relatively if the sub-process is contained inside the same application.
When do you need to update references manually?
Take special heed however — processes and resources that do not reside in the same Application do not see their references updated — they are absolutely referenced. If MyApplication/1.0/ProcessA is upgraded, it will not change the references to, for example, OtherApplication/1.0/OtherProcess. Similarly, if we upgrade to OtherApplication/2.0/OtherProcess, then MyApplication/1.0/ProcessA will still point to OtherApplication/1.0/OtherProcess.
Finally, note that if you create a new version of an application, all resources and processes are copied over with it with new version numbers too, and any textual references to other resources remain the same. So if MyNotify/1.0/ProcessA has a variable referencing MyNotify/1.0/FormA, then MyNotify/2.0/ProcessA will also reference MyNotify/1.0/FormA ; the same goes for resources uch as XDPs, XSLTs, and any other resources stored in an Application. The reason for this is that these references are stored as "strings" (pieces of text) and Workbench cannot, upon creating a new version, differentiate what snippets of text all through the Application are versions to update, what versions should not be updated, and what strings do not actually contain versions at all.
Down time (clean "brute force" update)
The other way is to plan downtime.
 - Prevent people from kicking off new processes
 - Let all processes complete
 - … and only then deploy the new edit of the process
You could choose the second method to avoid having to update references to resources, but it would defeat the purpose of having this versioning at all and does, unavoidably, incur the overhead of a downtime.
——-
Original article at _URL_
LiveCycle ES2 Highlights – Property Sheet Enhace


text:
Mineral Mines & Quarries Inspectorate | Alert | No.421 V 1 | 16 December 2022
A short but significant storm passed across a mine during day shift operations. Surface trucking operations were halted and operators were instructed to park machines. Personnel were transported to crib and office facilities until the storm passed.
Upon returning to the parking areas to resume operations, workers discovered the tyres (positions 3, 4 and 5) on a rear dump truck had exploded. The explosion caused tyre fragments to project into the general park up area and nearby mine road, and a rock ejector was found approximately 10 metres away from the machine.
It is believed a lightning strike during the storm caused internal pyrolysis on the tyres leading to the explosions.
Investigations are ongoing and further information may be published as it becomes available. The information in this publication is what is known at the time of writing.
We issue Safety Notices to draw attention to the occurrence of a serious incident, raise awareness of risks, and prompt assessment of your existing controls.
A number of safety notices have been published regarding adverse weather and lightning strikes, including the following:
Contact: Rob Henson, Inspector of Mines , +61 7 4745 4114 _EMAIL_
Issued by Resources Safety & Health Queensland
All information on this page (Tyre explosion on rear dump truck following lightning strike - _URL_ is correct as of time of printing (30 Jan 2023 5:45 am).


text:
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A fully on-chip CMOS relaxation oscillator (ROSC) with a PVT variation compensation circuit is proposed in this paper. The circuit is based on a conventional ROSC and has a distinctive feature in the compensation circuit that compensates for comparator's non-idealities caused by offset voltage and delay time. We also developed a bias circuit consisting of positive and negative temperature coefficient resistors to obtain the temperature compensated clock frequency. Measurement results demonstrated that the circuit can generate a stable clock frequency of 6.66 kHz. The power dissipation was 940 nW. The measured line regulation and temperature coefficient were 0.98%/V and 56ppm/°C, respectively.


Power Query
Search…
Text.StartsWith
Text.StartsWith
Indicates whether the text starts with a specified value.
function (optional text as nullable any, substring as text, optional comparer as nullable function) as nullable any
Description
Returns true if text value text starts with text value substring.
1

2
comparer is a Comparer which is used to control the comparison. Comparers can be used to provide case insensitive or culture and locale aware comparisons.
3

4

5
The following built in comparers are available in the formula language:
6

7

8

Comparer.Ordinal: Used to perform an exact ordinal comparison

9

Comparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase: Used to perform an exact ordinal case-insensitive comparison

10

 Comparer.FromCulture: Used to perform a culture aware comparison

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Text.Membership
Examples
Check if the text "Hello, World" starts with the text "hello".
1
Text.StartsWith("Hello, World", "hello")
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false
Check if the text "Hello, World" starts with the text "Hello".
1
Text.StartsWith("Hello, World", "Hello")
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true
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United Way of Greater Atlanta
A nonprofit organization
11 Donors
When children thrive, communities can thrive.
United Way of Greater Atlanta focuses on ensuring that every child has the opportunity to reach his or her full potential. Communities that can say "all the children are well" have babies born healthy, kids who read proficiently by 3rd grade and teens who graduate from high school ready for college and careers. These are kids that grow up in communities where people are educated, employed and housed.
Want to change that?
Join the Child Well-Being Movement and help us make Greater Atlanta a place where every child - regardless of zip code - can reach his or her full potential.
Visit our website to learn more about the Child Well-Being Index and see the score for your neighborhood.
Organization Information
United Way of Greater Atlanta
Employer id number (ein)
40 Courtland St. NE
Suite 300
Atlanta, Georgia 30303
_PHONE_
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How to score 1729 in the IA Tripos
Part IA of the Mathematical Tripos is marked in a rather interesting way. A naïve computation of the maximum score is 1120, although it is (in principle) possible to achieve absolutely any score (it need not even be a real number!). Firstly, let's have a look at the scoring system:
 - A long question carries 20 raw marks. A score of 15 or more results in an alpha being awarded; a score of between 10 and 14 results in a beta being awarded. A candidate can be scored on a maximum of twenty long questions.
 - A short question carries 10 raw marks. A score of 8 or more results in a beta being awarded.
The alphas and betas are subsequently converted into marks according to the following scheme (quoted from the schedules of the Mathematical Tripos):
The −120 is generally referred to as an alpha tax, and cannot hurt you if you score eight or more alphas. However, if you score seven or fewer alphas and still get a first, you are actually penalised by the alpha tax. Suppose Miranda scored the following marks in 2012 (when the threshold for a first was 670):
 - 10/10 on all sixteen short questions;
 - 20/20 on five long questions;
 - 14/20 on fifteen long questions.
Then, she would have a raw mark m = 470, together with 5 alphas and 31 betas. Now, each of the following two implications are perfectly valid:
 1. If Miranda achieves a 2.1 (any lower grade is impossible), then her total merit mark would be M = 470 + 15 × 5 + 5 × 31 = 700, which is sufficient for a first. Hence, Miranda achieves a first class degree.
 2. If Miranda achieves a first class degree, then the alpha tax would apply, and her total merit mark would be M = 470 + 30 × 5 + 5 × 31 – 120 = 655, which is insufficient for a first. Hence, Miranda achieves a 2.1.
In other words, we have a paradoxical inconsistency! Consequently, Miranda could then apply something called the Principle of Explosion, exploiting the fact that any valid proof is taken to be perfectly correct in the Tripos. Specifically, she makes the following sequence of deductions:
 - By the Law of Excluded Middle, either the alpha tax applies or it does not. Let α be the proposition that the alpha tax applies. We have already established the implications that α ⇒ ¬α, and ¬α ⇒ α. Hence, both ¬α and α are true statements. Let φ be the proposition that Miranda scores 1729 on the IA Tripos. Since the logical disjunction of a true statement and an arbitrary statement is true, we have φ ∨ α. However, since ¬α is true, α is false and therefore φ must be true. Consequently, Miranda scores 1729 on Part IA of the Mathematical Tripos, thereby beating anyone who scored full marks on all questions.
Essentially, the Principle of Explosion states that if a proposition and its negation are both true, then all propositions are true. This is why it is important that axioms of set theory are consistent, as a single inconsistency would destroy mathematics.
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5 Responses to How to score 1729 in the IA Tripos
 1. wojowu says:
 I always used another proof for Principle of Explosion: suppose p and ¬p are both true. From latter one p is false, so p is both true and false. Take any statement q and look at p⇒q. Since p is false, this implication is trivially true. But since p is true, this implication is true iff q is true. Because we know implication is true, q also is true, Q.E.D.
 Also, what would you do if ZFC turned out to be inconsistent? First thing that came to my mind is proving Riemann hypothesis, as it is definable in set theory (is it?)
 2. Andrew Carlotti says:
 I think this case is handled by the statement "The sufficient statement for each class is not prescriptive". Your second implication is thus not valid.
Leave a Reply


How Did Sylvia Plath Die?
Sylvia Plath was a child prodigy, and she was a perfect child and student. She was praised by everyone for her perfectionist nature; as she did everything right from the word go. When she was eight years old, her father died. This left Sylvia quite sad and also she developed suicidal tendencies later in her life.
She attempted to commit suicide when she was in junior college by taking seeping pills and overdosing on them. However, she survived that incident.
Plath ended her life when she was only thirty years old. She locked herself in a room with her children in another room. Plath put her head into the oven and turned on the gas. The next morning she was declared dead. However, it was comprehended that Plath really did not intend on killing herself or never thought she would succeed. Also, she asked her neighbor Mr. Thomas at what time he would be leaving the next morning. She also left a note that was a reminder to call Dr. Horder and even had his phone number written down. The next morning the baby sitter could not get into the apartment and had a workman help her get in. It is then that the baby sitter and the handyman found Plath. Her head was still inside the oven.
However, in her biography it was written that she pushed her head deep into the oven and she had all intentions of killing herself. Also, there were claims that her husband was abusive towards Plath. The exact reasons for her suicide were never known even to her good friends.
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How Did Sylvia Plath Die
Poet :
Sylvia-Plath-Poems Sylvia Plath started writing poems when she was only eight years old. She published her first poem at 8. When she was studying on scholarship in junior college, she had written more than 400 poems. She was considered to be a prodigy, could write really fast. More..
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Can I change my CarbonLaze file?
CarbonLaze was created to increase the productivity of laser designers, while helping to create more authentic and natural looking laser files. It is fully anticipated that designers and manufacturers would want to modify the file after it has been converted. This can easily be done in Photoshop or other software programs.
Why is the file so slow to convert?
The user's internet bandwidth will have the most impact on the time to convert files to CarbonLaze. Size (cm x cm) and DPI will have an impact on the time it takes as well, but for the sake of quality, it is important that the dimensions be similar to the actual production file and the DPI be high (72-150 DPI is preferred). However, the user can experiment with both size and DPI to get the best results.
What if the CarbonLaze file is too flat?
Typically the CarbonLaze output is very similar to the input file. If the file uploaded is flat, it is anticipated that the output file would also be flat. The quality of the picture and the accuracy of the file selection can have a dramatic impact on the input/output quality.
Why is the CarbonLaze file too light or too dark?
A light or dark file can depend upon the lighting conditions of the picture taken by the camera. Also, if the file is too light after conversion, try reducing the DPI of the file before importing into CarbonLaze to around 50 DPI or less.
How do I remove details such as pockets or destruction?
The details can be simply removed in Photoshop by using the clone tool. Destruction from the image is recommended to be removed before converting the design in CarbonLaze, because the bright effect of the destruction threads will influence the overall look of the design and could result in a different output.
What DPI should the picture be before importing into CarbonLaze?
To achieve best results, we prefer to use higher DPI on DSLR cameras or newer mobile phones. The higher the DPI, the effect is much more natural and realistic. Our recommendation is between 72 DPI to 150 DPI.
Should I change DPI in CarbonLaze?
Generally, the default is 72 DPI. It is the default DPI in most of the phones and cameras. When you import a 72 DPI file in CarbonLaze, we suggest keeping DPI as it is (72) and only change the width if required. This will give you a natural result with a good amount of feathering. After importing the same file, the DPI should change in the laser software to 34 or 32.
How can I get a softer and less detailed result from CarbonLaze?
Reduce the DPI of the file before importing into CarbonLaze to around 50 DPI or less.


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History of Albion River Bridge
Posted: 07/09/2014
Albion River Bridge July 2001, shot at the bay side at very low tide
The first permanent bridge that crossed the Albion River was a draw bridge which allowed the logging tugboat "Zenith" access up the river. This bridge was a part of the first county road that connected the lumber towns together. The bridge is long gone now but the wood members of the bridge pillar are still exposed in the South bank across the river. The old county road crossed Albion Flats where the road is today but it no longer has the sawmill at 18 feet above ground covering it.
As traffic increased, the county constructed a new wood bridge that crossed just up river. This bridge is seen in the upper half of the above photograph east of the sawmill. The bridge was 512 feet long and 16 feet wide with no wheel guards on the sides. Two of the three bridge footings were in the water and are still visible in the river east of the campground. In August 1933, the bridge and road became a part of the state highway system, subject to state maintenance. Soon after the state took over the road maintenance, the declared the bridge as badly worn from overloaded traffic and started the design of a replacement bridge. When the state was ready for materials, World War II had started.
A prolonged battle with the War Resources Board ensued over allocation of the needed steel. California finally prevailed and started construction on the existing bridge in 1942. The final plans allowed for just enough steel to reinforce the two concrete pillars and to build the 130 foot long truss between them. The rest of the bridge is specially treated redwood. Specifications for the bridge are 26 feet wide, 969 feet long, and 150 feet above the river.


text:
Scientists give frost the cold shoulder
Forget about defrosting your fridge, say goodbye to your windscreen scraper and don't worry about the small matter of your plane falling out of the sky with ice-clagged wings.
Scientists have designed a material that will remain 90 per cent ice free – without the need for chemicals or a coating.
From the loss of efficiency in refrigeration equipment to the problem of icing in transport infrastructure, frost accumulation is estimated to cost industry tens of billions of pounds annually. Dealing with the issue also has an environmental cost – de-icing a single passenger jet takes about 4,000 litres of antifreeze, much of which finds its way into the water table.
Now researchers have developed a structure that they say uses the properties of ice


text:
This paper will give a view on the present situation (Autumn 2005) of the Identity Management (IM) of the Hungarian Minorities' Cultural Societies in the Croatian Slovenija/Baranya and the Lendava area in Slovenia at the border between Slovenia and Hungary.
The Hungarian ethnic group is not an enclave in Croatia and Slovenia, but a group of mixed culture. There is mutuality between the autochthonous Hungarian minority and the majority population in these countries. There are even mixed marriages. People are bilinguals.
The main focus will be on the present mechanism(s) of self organisation (IM from the inside) on the one hand, and how organisations link to the Slovenian, Croatian und Hungarian governments (IM from the outside) on the other hand. It further will be shown how these associations express and trully represent the identity as well as the cultural needs of the minority.
This paper will compare these two above named areas, show differences and similarities from an ethnological point of view.


Rails GetText Syntax Overview
In this article, we will give you a quick overview of how to translate your Rails application with the GetText syntax. There is only a few (short-named) methods to remember, we will make you love underscores!
TL;DR
Singular _("text")
Plural n_("singular text", "plural text", number)
Singular with context p_("context", "text")
Plural with context np_("context", "singular text", "plural text", number)
Simple Texts
_ is the base method you will use everywhere.
In a controller :
class PostsController < ActionController::Base
 def create
 ...
 flash[:notice] = _('Post successfuly saved')
 redirect_to posts_path
 end
end
In a view :

<%= _('Create a New Post') %>

<%= f.label :title, _('Title') %>
In a model validation :
class Post < ActiveRecord::Base
 validates :title, :presence => {
 :message => lambda { _('Title is mandatory.') }
 }
end
Note that the call was wrapped into a lambda because otherwhise it would have been statically evaluated.
Interpolations
Interpolations can be easily performed using the standard % operator. Find some examples below.
_('Hi %{name}, do you like violence?') % { name: "Steve" }
_('%{city1} is bigger than %{city2}') % { city1: "NYC", city2: "BXL" }
Plural Forms
If the translatable string is depending on the number of items, use _n. It takes three arguments : the singular form, the plural form, and the cardinality.
For example :
n_("There is a mouse in our house.", "There are some mice in our house.", @mice.size)
And you can of course combine with interpolations :
n_("There is a mouse.", "There are %{num} mice.", @mice.size) % { num: @mice.size }
Translation Contexts
Sometimes you would need to scope a given translation to a given part of you application. For instance in order to be able to translate a given string differently depending on the context.
There are two dedicated methods for that : p_ (singular with context) and np_ (plural with context). They take the same arguments as _ and n_ (respectively) with an extra string argument defining the context added before.
Here is an example :
p_("Menu", "Open file")
p_("Menu", "Close file")
With plurals and interpolations :
np_("Menu", "Open a file", "Open %{n} files", 4) % { n: 4 }
If you are wondering why it is p for defining a context, that is because it stands for prefix.
Other Syntaxes
Some other special usages of GetText can also be used but won't be detailed here because they are very specific (and not so useful) : s_, ns_, N_ and Nn_.


text:
Lactose breakdown. LacY permease is an enzyme found in the bacterium E. coli that is involved in breaking down lactose. It has both hydrophilic (water-bonding) and hydrophobic (water-repelling) properties. After translating the amino-acid sequence into music, scientists hoped to be able to pick out hydrophilic versus hydrophobic patterns. "If you listen to the notes slowly, you can hear some of the differences and similarities," says Takahashi.
(View the full musical score) (Click here to play the music file)


text:
This set of Building Construction Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on "Door Frames – 1".
1. The size of a door frame is determined after allowing a margin of __________ all-round.
a) 1 mm
b) 3 mm
c) 5 mm
d) 7 mm
Explanation: A door frame consists of horizontal and vertical members forming an enclosure. The size of a door frame is determined after allowing a margin of 5 mm to both the sides and the top of the door opening. This is one of the recommendations laid down by the Indian Standard.
2. Which of the following frames are used only for those residential buildings where more funds are available?
a) Timber frames
b) Aluminium frames
c) Steel frames
d) Stone frames
Explanation: Aluminium frames are used only for those residential buildings where more funds are available because of their large costs. Timber frames can be easily attacked by termites. Stone frames are used in villages where the stone of good quality in required size is available.
3. The cross-sectional area of the head and the post of a door frame is generally kept the same.
Explanation: The cross-sectional area of the head and the post of a door frame is generally kept the same. The top horizontal member of the door frame is known as the head while the vertical members are known as posts.
4. Which of the following statements about concrete frames is false?
a) They are replacing timber frames in urban areas
b) They cost less than timber frames
c) They cost more than timber frames
d) They are cheaper than iron frames
Explanation: Concrete frames are nowadays replacing timber frames in urban areas due to large costs of timber frames. Also, timber frames decay very readily. Concrete frames are cheaper than timber frames as well as than iron frames.
5. The thickness of a timber frame may vary between _______
a) 20-35 mm
b) 60-75 mm
c) 20-35 cm
d) 60-75 cm
Explanation: Depending upon the size of the door opening and the type of timber used, the thickness of a timber frame may vary between 60-75 mm. The same thickness is used for the horizontal and vertical members of the door frame.
6. The width of a timber door frame is _______ if the shutter is provided only to one side of the door.
a) 10 mm
b) 50 mm
c) 100 mm
d) 200 mm
Explanation: The width of a timber door frame is 100 mm if the shutter is provided only to one side of the door. This is the general case of a timber frame. However, if the shutter is provided to both the sides of the frame, then the width is taken 125-140 mm.
7. The width of rebating of the timber frame at its outer edge varies between ________
a) 12.5-15 mm
b) 2.5-13 mm
c) 8.1-9.2 mm
d) 18.5-20.5 mm
Explanation: The width of rebating of the timber frame at its outer edge varies between 12.5-15 mm. In this case, the depth is equal to the thickness of the shutter. However, the depth of rebating of the timber frame at its inner edge is equal to 10 mm.
8. Which of the following is not a type of joint between the head and the post of the timber frame?
a) Closed mortised and tenoned joint
b) Open and pin joint
c) Pin and tenoned joint
d) Dovetailed joint
Explanation: The various types of joints between the head and the post of the timber frame are – closed mortised and tenoned joint, pin and tenoned joint, and dovetailed joint. However, Indian Standard recommends a dovetail joint out of these three types.
9. Which of the following is an anti-termite solution?
Explanation: Aldrex is an anti-termite solution. It is added to coal tar which is then rubbed on all the parts of the timber frame which are in contact with the masonry. This prevents the timber from the attack of termites. Acetone is a volatile solution and hence is soaked by the wood which makes it ineffective against the attack of termites.
Explanation: The above figure represents a door frame. In this figure, A represents the head, B represents post, C represents rebate and D represents holdfast. The post is the vertical member of a door frame. It is also known as the jamb.
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Building Construction.
To practice all areas of Building Construction, here is complete set of 1000+ Multiple Choice Questions and Answers.
Participate in the Sanfoundry Certification contest to get free Certificate of Merit. Join our social networks below and stay updated with latest contests, videos, internships and jobs!


text:
KINGSTON, ON. Queen's University medical researchers today released some key findings from the first study of its kind done in Canada on the impact of colds and flu on school absenteeism, the workplace, and the economy.
The researchers reviewed more than 80 published clinical trials, studies and research projects representing the work of over 300 researchers from more than 100 universities and institutions.
In their report entitled "Why the Common Cold and Flu Matter", the researchers found:
Prevention can play a role in reducing the spread of illnesses. Queen's researchers say that school-aged children and young adults play a significant role in the spread of respiratory illnesses. In the U.S. the Centre for Disease Control and Prevention pegs missed school days as a result of colds at 22 million a year.
Studies by SDI, a research agency that tracks colds and flu in North America, have shown that there is an annual spike in colds and flu within the first two weeks of students' return to school in September, something supported by Queen's researchers who cite a sharp increase in pediatric asthma cases as a result of rhinovirus infection, the primary cause of colds. They point out that young children with respiratory symptoms play a major role in spreading colds to family and friends and, "...school-age children have been shown to introduce rhinovirus infections into their families 3 times more frequently than working adults."
But adults also play a significant role in the spread of infection. Queen's researchers found that the U.S. work force goes to work rather than calling in sick resulting in substantial losses of productivity and increased costs:
It costs employers twice as much in productivity losses for employees who come to work sick than for those who stay home. All of this infection adds up to a significant economic cost as researchers cite direct costs due to lost productivity from colds at $25 billion in the U.S. Taking into consideration both indirect (lost productivity) and direct (doctor visits and medicine) costs, of colds, the figure in the U.S. annually is $40 billion
Researchers conclude that, "Preventative measures that result in even a modest reduction in colds and flu would have a significant impact on reducing costs to the healthcare system and impact on the economy."
The study was conducted by the research arm of the Department of Family Medicine at Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario. The study was supported by an independent educational grant from Afexa Life Sciences, the maker of COLD-FX(r), a cold and flu treatment.
AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
F is for Fox. A friendly fox can be made using a circle as a head, and topped with two small triangles for ears. A triangle makes the fox's snout, finished by a small circle to indicate its nose. Children can draw in the fox's eyes, and some children may also chose to draw whiskers emanating from its snout.
I've also guided the children to create the F page of their dictionaries by making a flag. Most flags can be made very simply with just a few Euclidian solids. For example, the flag of Greece can be made placing five long blue rectangles and four small blue squares over a white piece of paper:


text:
Moral Reconation Therapy (MRT)
Moral Reconation Therapy is a systematic treatment strategy that seeks to decrease recidivism among juvenile and adult criminal and substance abuse offenders by increasing moral reasoning. Its cognitive-behavioral approach combines elements from a variety of psychological traditions to progressively address ego, social, moral, and positive behavioral growth. Traditionally, Moral Reconation Therapy takes the form of group and individual counseling using structured group exercises and prescribed homework assignments. The Moral Reconation Therapy workbook is structured around 16 objectively defined steps focusing on seven basic treatment issues: confrontation of beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors; assessment of current relationships; reinforcement of positive behavior and habits; positive identity formation; enhancement of self-concept; decrease in hedonism and development of frustration tolerance; and development of higher stages of moral reasoning. Under normal outpatient MRT, participants meet in groups once or twice weekly and can complete all steps of the MRT program in a minimum of 3 to 6 months. The group is open ended and will have members at several different steps in the group at any given time.


text:
Automatically Archive New South Wales State Agency Web/Social Media Content
The Tasmanian government shares a comprehensive Communications Policy for its agencies to abide by. An excerpt below:
The Government has a responsibility to ensure that information about its policies, programs and services is made available to the public in the short and long term (see Policy statement 1). This means that particular attention should be given to ensuring that information can be found through sources that are commonly available to the public. It also requires information to be well catalogued, easily retrievable and securely maintained.
Agency information must be made available in accordance with the Right to Information Act 2009 (commenced 1 July 2010), which encourages the release of information held by Tasmanian public authorities, including government agencies, without the need for a formal process. The underlying principle of the Act is that information held by public authorities belongs to the people of the State, and has been collected for them and on their behalf. Agency information must be recorded in a format that complies with the records management policies and procedures of the agency and with the Archives Act 1983. In complying with disclosure and deposit requirements of the Right to Information Act 2009 and the Archives Act 1983, agencies must also ensure all requirements of the Personal Information Protection Act 2004 are met. Additionally, agencies must:
- Maintain a register or record of all publications for publishing each year in its annual report.
- Maintain a current, comprehensive and well-structured identification or classification records system that provides an effective means for organising, locating and retrieving published information.


text:
Boosting artificial nicotinamide cofactor systems†
Developing inexpensive nicotinamide cofactor biomimetics to replace the expensive NAD(P)/H cofactors is an ongoing research activity. Here we present mutational studies on a thermostable glucose dehydrogenase from Saccharolobus solfataricus (SsGDH) using a novel set of synthetic cofactors. Furthermore, we show the successful oxidation of a variety of different sugars in the context of cofactor regeneration. This combined approach resulted in an 160-fold improved system compared to the native enzyme with the standard biomimetic BNA+. These findings pave the way towards competitive industrial utilization of artificial cofactor regeneration systems.


Child deaths in Vermont
Change Indicator
(i) Select Table Type:
 - Detailed
Data Provided By
Definitions: Child deaths per 100,000 children ages 1 to 14 years old
Data Source: Vermont Agency of Human Services, Department of Health, Vital Statistics
Footnotes: Rate represents the sum of data for three years. For example, the 2009-2011 rate is derived from the sum of all deaths of children age 1 to 14 over that three year time period divided by the sum of the population of all children of that same age group over the same three years, multiplied by 100,000.
Change over time for child death rates is not applicable in most cases, as the actual number of deaths is very low.


Shell Grit for Chickens
by Natural Poultry Essentials
A must-have for laying pullets and hens!
Why do your chickens need shell grit?
Chickens don't have teeth! Therefore ensuring they have a supply of grit is critical to the health of their gizzard. It's also a critical source of calcium for strong bones and egg shells.
What is shell grit?
Natural Poultry Essentials Shell Grit is literally broken up seashells. It's 100% real, natural and Australian. It's a mixture of fine and medium textures, perfect for laying hens and pullets.
How to use shell grit for chickens
Chooks love shell grit when it's clean and shiny, so keep half a cup at a time in a container that they can't scratch in. Allow them to "free choice", meaning rather than mixing it into their feed, offer it to them to peck as they please.
A small birdcage-style feeder hooked on the side of their coop or run (out of the weather), is perfect. Wet slightly if it's losing its lustre.


text:
Nano-cellulosic materials: The impact of water on their dissolution in DMAc/LiCl
Artikel i vetenskaplig tidskrift, 2013
The dissolution behaviour of disassociated cellulosic materials in N,N-dimethylacetamide/lithium chloride (DMAc/LiCl) was investigated. The parameters monitored were chromatographic elution profiles and recovered mass by means of gel permeation chromatography (GPC) with RI detection. In order to elucidate the impact of the disassembly on cellulosic fibres, comparative studies were performed with the non-disassociated cellulose counterparts. The importance of the presence of water was addressed by Karl Fischer titration and solvent exchange experiments. Morphological changes during the dissolution process were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Dissolution of fibrillated cellulosic materials is impeded compared to the non-fibrillated material. This is a consequence of the high-surface-area fibrils prone to retain high amounts of water. Dissolution behaviour of nano-crystalline cellulosic materials appeared to be source-dependent. Due to the absence of entangled networks, these materials retain only water bound at the surface of the nano-crystallites, indicative of both the exposed surface area and solubility. The small cellulose nano-particles extracted from dissolving pulp show lower solubility compared to the large NCC particles from cotton.
Gel permeation chromatography


Table Of Contents
Build Matrix (G Dataflow)
Version:
 Last Modified: January 12, 2018
 Appends elements to a matrix by rows or columns.
 Programming Patterns
 To add one or more elements to a matrix at a specific location, use Set Matrix Elements. To add a submatrix to a matrix at a specific location, use Set Submatrix.
 connector_pane_image
 datatype_icon
 element
 Numeric scalar or a 1D or 2D array of any numeric type.
 To add additional element inputs, resize the node.
 datatype_icon
 appended matrix
 The resulting matrix.
 Appending by Rows or Columns
 Build Matrix has two modes: Append by columns or Append by rows. The default mode is Append by columns.
 Right-click the node and select Build matrix mode»Append by rows to add a new element or matrix to the last row starting in the first column. Right-click the node and select Build matrix mode»Append by columns to add a new element or matrix to the last column starting in the first row.
 Wiring Empty Input Values
 If element is an empty array, this node ignores the empty dimensions.
 Wiring Inputs of Different Numeric Types or Dimensions
 The dimensions and data type of appended matrix match those of the element input with the highest dimension and most precise data type. For example, if you wire a 1D array of numeric double to element 0 and a 2D array of complex double to element 1, additional inputs and outputs default or coerce to 2D arrays of complex double.
 When you wire inputs with different dimensions to Build Matrix, this node creates appended matrix by padding the smaller input with the scalar default value (0).
 Where This Node Can Run:
 Desktop OS: Windows
 FPGA: Not supported
 Web Server: Not supported in VIs that run in a web application
 Recently Viewed Topics


lino.utils.mti
A collection of tools around multi-table inheritance.
(This module's source code is available here.)
Functions
delete_child(obj, child_model[, ar, using])
Delete the child_model instance related to obj without deleting the parent obj itself.
get_child(obj, child_model)
insert_child(obj, child_model[, full_clean])
Create and save an instance of child_model from existing obj.
mtichild(p, model, **kw)
Create an MTI child, optionally set some attributes, save it to the database and then return the new database object.
Classes
ChildCollector(using)
A Collector that does not delete the MTI parents.
EnableChild(child_model, **kw)
Rendered as a checkbox that indicates whether an mti child of the given model exists.
class lino.utils.mti.ChildCollector(using)
Bases: django.db.models.deletion.Collector
A Collector that does not delete the MTI parents.
lino.utils.mti.delete_child(obj, child_model, ar=None, using=None)
Delete the child_model instance related to obj without deleting the parent obj itself.
lino.utils.mti.insert_child(obj, child_model, full_clean=False, **attrs)
Create and save an instance of child_model from existing obj.
If full_clean is True, call full_clean on the newly created object. Default is False because this was the historic behaviour.
lino.utils.mti.mtichild(p, model, **kw)
Create an MTI child, optionally set some attributes, save it to the database and then return the new database object.
class lino.utils.mti.EnableChild(child_model, **kw)
Bases: lino.core.fields.VirtualField
Rendered as a checkbox that indicates whether an mti child of the given model exists.
Deprecated. Use polymorphic.Polymorphic instead.
is_enabled(lh)
When a FormLayout is inherited by an MTI child, EnableChild fields must be disabled.
has_child(obj, request=None)
Returns True if obj has an MTI child in self.child_model. The optional 2nd argument request (passed from VirtualField.value_from_object) is ignored.


text:
Humanistic Spirit and Scholarship Value of Ancient Chinese Scholars
Download as PDF
The humanistic spirit of ancient Chinese scholars can also be understood as the spirit of learning. It is said in "The Note of Learning" that " If jade is not polished, it cannot become a thing of use. If a man does not learn, he cannot know his duty." It shows that what ancient people advocated in the underdeveloped natural science and social science was still a learning spirit of reading changes life. There are very few serious scholars. Confucianism, Taoism, Legalism and Mohism all embodied the idea of "people-centered", they think of man as the center of the universe or take man as a small universe. To a certain extent, this kind of philosophy has influenced ancient Chinese scholars to pursue the maximization of human value, and has also beautified the energy of human being as the center of the universe. It has also played an important role in the formation of humanistic spirit, such as "The Theory of Zhouyi", "Analects of Confucius", "The Book of History" and "Filial Piety", thereby embodying this humanistic spirit into scholarship value. This paper discusses the origin of humanities, the formation of humanistic spirit and the embodiment of the value of ancient scholarship.
Ancient chinese scholars; Humanistic spirit; Scholarship value


text:
Deep Near Infrared Survey of the Southern Sky
The Deep Near Infrared Survey of the Southern Sky (DENIS) was a deep astronomical survey of the southern sky in the near-infrared and optical wavelengths, using a one meter telescope at the La Silla Observatory. The survey operated from 1996 to 2001.
- DENIS-P J1058.7-1548
- DENIS-P J1228.2-1547
- DENIS-P J020529.0-115925
- DENIS-P J082303.1-491201 b
- DENIS-P J101807.5-285931
|This astronomy-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.|


text:
Most of the time, Frigidaire dishwasher lights blinking is not a major problem and can be diagnosed easily. Different lights indicate different causes, and once they are solved, you can start using your dishwasher again. Since the Frigidaire dishwasher blinking lights indicate different causes than other dishwashers, you should know the exact reason behind it. Therefore, knowing the correct cause is important since that is the only way to eliminate the Frigidaire dishwasher blinking lights. Consider the following factors to troubleshoot the Frigidaire dishwasher lights blinking issues.
Perform a Basic Reset
- 1 Perform a Basic Reset
- 2 Start/ Resume Keypad
- 3 Clean Keypad
- 4 Hi-Temp Wash or Hi-Temp Rinse Keypad
- 5 Heating Element
- 6 Check Frigidaire Dishwasher's Error Codes
- 7 Drain Pump
- 8 Touchpad and Control Panel
- 9 Frequently Asked Questions
- 10 Conclusion
Before you get into detail about troubleshooting your dishwasher, you should perform a basic reset:
- Switch off the dishwasher and unplug it from power, or turn off the circuit breaker.
- Wait for about five minutes and restore the power to the appliance by turning on the switch.
- Restart the dishwasher, select a new cycle and check whether the problem is solved.
Start/ Resume Keypad
A special sensor in the Frigidaire dishwasher detects whether the door is closed properly or not. So, it is necessary to close the door properly and latch it before a cycle is started. If not, the Start/ Resume light will flash. If you see this light flashing, you should open the door and shut it again to ensure it is latched properly. Then press the Start button to start the cycle, and this should have solved the problem.
The notification of cleaned dishwashers is indicated by illuminating the "Clean" keypad. But if this sign is flashing on the keypad, it indicates a problem with the temperature of the water. To test the water temperature:
- Turn on your home hot water sink connected with the dishwasher.
- Using a thermometer, check whether the temperature of water is around 120 ˚F.
- If the water has a temperature below 120 ˚F, turn on your home heater to ensure the water temperature to be around 120 ˚F. You can turn on your dishwasher to check whether the problem is fixed.
But if you cannot change the water temperature and if the problem remains, you would need to call a plumber for help.
Hi-Temp Wash or Hi-Temp Rinse Keypad
These options, named "Hi-Temp Wash" and "Hi-Temp Rinse" in a Frigidaire dishwasher, warm water for a cycle until the water reaches a specific temperature. If the "Hi-Temp Wash" or "Hi-Temp Rinse" button flashes during the water warming time, it indicates that the cycle has been paused. The buttons would stop flashing after the water reaches a certain temperature, and the cycle will be resumed.
Water is heated to a specifically selected temperature by the heating element. If water fails to reach the proper temperature within a pre-defined time, a light indicator on the control panel will flash. This indicates that something has gone wrong with the heating elements. Check the continuity of the heating element using a multimeter, and if the heating element does not indicate any continuity, then the heating element must have been burned out. Since these coils are not repairable, you would have to replace them to solve the problem.
Check Frigidaire Dishwasher's Error Codes
If your dishwasher is blinking even though the display window is working, you should check the display window for error codes. Then, refer to the user manual and consult the wiring diagram and tech sheet for more information. Follow the instructions indicated there as it is the best solution for your dishwasher.
The function of the drain pump is to remove used water out through the drain hose. If the drain pump is defective, it would not be able to drain out water. Your appliance indicates this as you can see the Frigidaire dishwasher lights blinking. Check the continuity of the drain motor using a multimeter to determine whether it is defective or not. As the drain motor is not repairable, you would have to replace the drain pump if it is found to be faulty.
Touchpad and Control Panel
If there are any issues with the touchpad or the control panel, you should first confirm that the display is working. If it is working, try pressing the touchpad buttons and check whether they respond. If you observe that some buttons don't respond correctly, the entire touchpad and control panel can be at fault. After confirmation, you would need to replace these components. Sometimes the touchpads are sold separately from the control panel by certain manufacturers. Other manufacturers would need you to buy the touchpad and control panel together. If you cannot replace the touchpad separately, then replace both the touchpad and control panel.
Frequently Asked Questions
If your dishwasher has continuously blinking Start, Wash, or Clean lights, it would indicate that there are electrical or water flow problems. Some issues can be solved simply by resetting, while others would need more troubleshooting.
What is indicated if the Option LED is flashing on the Frigidaire dishwasher?
Flashing LEDs in Hi-Temp Wash and No Heat Dry/ Power Dry Off indicates a power failure. Press Start/ Cancel and select the desired options and cycle again.
Why is Status LED flashing?
The Status LEDs will flash when the door is opened, and you should close the door to get rid of this.
As you have gained an overall idea about the Frigidaire dishwasher lights blinking, you can troubleshoot your dishwasher easily. If you need more clarification on the blinking indications, you can refer to your user manual, as it would give you a specific solution for your dishwasher model. You would also find it useful to know the reasons why your Frigidaire dishwasher won't start and how to troubleshoot them.
If you are thinking of purchasing a new dishwasher, avoid these Worst Dishwasher Brands and choose from the recommended models indicated in the guide.


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Why is nest protect so expensive?
There is a reason that a nest protect is more expensive. Is this true? This is due to the different types of sensors that the Nest Protect uses. Besides the carbon monoxide, heat, humidity, and occupancy sensors, it also houses a split-spectrum photoelectric sensor to detect a fire.
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Jennifer G. Jones
Portraits of Influence
A Museum of Art exhibit examines the art of the Weir family, which expanded the traditions of American art.
BYU opera students responded to their first invite to compete in a National competition by taking it all.
Law and Lunches
BYU law professor RonNell Andersen Jones passes on to her students lessons she learned at the Supreme Court.
Come summer, swim coach Tim Powers will have seen 17 of his Cougars compete in the Olympics.


SQL SERVER – Fillfactor, Index and In-depth Look at Effect on Performance
I would like to start this post with an interesting question:
Where in MS SQL Server is "100" equals to "0"? And I am not talking about data types now..
Today I will be presenting the answer to this question and some topics related to it.
Creating Indices in SQL Server is one of the most important tasks of any SQL DBA. Performance of your database is directly depends on your skills and proficiency in creating and maintaining the right number and quality of indices..
As a DBA, you can use "FILLFACTOR," which is one of the important arguments that can be used while creating an index.
Now, the answer to the above mentioned question–
Fill-factor settings of 0 and 100 are equal!
Points to remember while using the FILLFACTOR argument:
1. If fill-factor is set to 100 or 0, the Database Engine fills pages to their capacity while creating indexes.
2. The server-wide default FILLFACTOR is set to 0.
3. To modify the server-wide default value, use the sp_configure system stored procedure.
4. To view the fill-factor value of one or more indexes, use sys.indexes.
5. To modify or set the fill-factor value for individual indexes, use CREATE INDEX or ALTER INDEX statements.
6. Creating a clustered index with a FILLFACTOR < 100 may significantly increase the amount of space the data occupies because the Database Engine physically reallocates the data while building the clustered index.
More about FILLFACTOR
According to MSDN, FILLFACTOR specifies a percentage that indicates how much the Database Engine should fill each index page during index creation or rebuild.
Fill-factor is always an integer valued from 1 to 100. The fill-factor option is designed for improving index performance and data storage. By setting the fill-factor value, you specify the percentage of space on each page to be filled with data, reserving free space on each page for future table growth.
Specifying a fill-factor value of 70 would implies that 30 percent of each page will be left empty, providing space for index expansion as data is added to the underlying table.
The empty space is reserved between the index rows rather than at the end of the index.
The fill-factor setting applies only when the index is created or rebuilt.
The SQL Server Database Engine does not keep the specified percentage of empty space in the pages AFTER the index is created. Trying to maintain the extra space on the data pages would be counterproductive because the Database Engine would have to perform page splits to maintain the percentage of free space specified by the fill factor on each page as data is entered. What it means for you as SQL DBA is that when you set FILLFACTOR at 80 and create Index with these settings, your index has 20% space to grow freely without need for page splits that affect the performance!
You can avoid serious performance issues by providing extra space for index expansion when data is added to the underlying table,.Usually, when a new row is added to a full index page, the Database Engine moves approximately half the rows to a new page to make room for the new row. This is known as a page split.
While making room for new records, page split can take time to perform; it is a resource intensive operation. Also, it can cause fragmentation that leads to increased I/O operations. When frequent page splits occur, it is advisable to rebuild the index while setting an appropriate fill-factor value to redistribute the data. Although a low fill-factor value (>0) may reduce the page splits as the index grows, the index may require more storage space. It will keep creating new, "half-empty" pages, and it can eventually impair performance of your "SELECTs". For example, a fill-factor value of 50 can cause database read performance to decrease by two times. Read performance is decreased because the index contains more pages, thus increasing the disk IO operations required to retrieve the data. Specifying a fill factor other than the default can decrease database read performance by an amount inversely proportional to the fill-factor setting.
Summary
It is recommended to keep default fill-factor for the databases that have prevalence of SELECT queries running against them such as in Data Warehouses, and it is highly advisable to consider changing your default fill-factor settings if you are managing database with a large number of INSERT and UPDATE queries hitting it. In such databases, a nonzero fill factor other than 0 or 100 can be good for performance if the new data is evenly distributed throughout the table.
Consider a situation wherein the existing rows are updated with data that lengthens the size of the rows; for instance, scenarios when you add extra columns to the table. You should consider the use of a fill factor that is less than 100. The extra space on each page will help to minimize page splits caused by extra length in the rows. However, if all the data is added to the end of the table, the empty space in the index pages will not be filled. For example, if the index key column is an IDENTITY column, the key for new rows is always increasing and the index rows are logically added to the end of the index. In such a situation, you should set your FILLFACTOR to 100.
Here is a quick video about how to change fill factor:
Reference: Pinal Dave (_URL_)
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26 Comments. Leave new
 - my table having bulk recovery model and clustered index. now i insert bulk amount of data what haapen
 Reply
 - Hello Pinal
 You gave this code in another post:
 DECLARE @TableName VARCHAR(255)
 DECLARE @sql NVARCHAR(500)
 DECLARE @fillfactor INT
 SET @fillfactor = 80
 DECLARE TableCursor CURSOR FOR
 SELECT OBJECT_SCHEMA_NAME([object_id])+'.'+name AS TableName
 FROM sys.tables
 OPEN TableCursor
 FETCH NEXT FROM TableCursor INTO @TableName
 WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
 BEGIN
 SET @sql = 'ALTER INDEX ALL ON ' + @TableName + ' REBUILD WITH (FILLFACTOR = ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR(3),@fillfactor) + ')'
 EXEC (@sql)
 FETCH NEXT FROM TableCursor INTO @TableName
 END
 CLOSE TableCursor
 DEALLOCATE TableCursor
 GO
 Is there any way to identify a Clustered index with Identity column in order to set Fill Factor to 100 automatically?
 Reply
Leave a Reply
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Heat Resource Plug-in Development Guide
Heat allows service providers to extend the capabilities of the orchestration service by writing their own resource plug-ins. These plug-ins are written in Python and included in a directory configured by the service provider. This guide describes a resource plug-in structure and life cycle in order to assist developers in writing their own resource plug-ins.
Resource Plug-in Life Cycle
A resource plug-in is relatively simple in that it needs to extend a base Resource class and implement some relevant life cycle handler methods. The basic life cycle methods of a resource are:
create
The plug-in should create a new physical resource.
update
The plug-in should update an existing resource with new configuration or tell the engine that the resource must be destroyed and re-created. This method is optional; the default behavior is to create a replacement resource and then delete the old resource.
suspend
The plug-in should suspend operation of the physical resource; this is an optional operation.
resume
The plug-in should resume operation of the physical resource; this is an optional operation.
delete
The plug-in should delete the physical resource.
The base class Resource implements each of these life cycle methods and defines one or more handler methods that plug-ins can implement in order to manifest and manage the actual physical resource abstracted by the plug-in. These handler methods will be described in detail in the following sections.
Heat Resource Base Class
Plug-ins must extend the class heat.engine.resource.Resource.
This class is responsible for managing the overall life cycle of the plug-in. It defines methods corresponding to the life cycle as well as the basic hooks for plug-ins to handle the work of communicating with specific down-stream services. For example, when the engine determines it is time to create a resource, it calls the create method of the applicable plug-in. This method is implemented in the Resource base class and handles most of the bookkeeping and interaction with the engine. This method then calls a handle_create method defined in the plug-in class (if implemented) which is responsible for using specific service calls or other methods needed to instantiate the desired physical resource (server, network, volume, etc).
Resource Status and Action
The base class handles reporting state of the resource back to the engine. A resource's state is the combination of the life cycle action and the status of that action. For example, if a resource is created successfully, the state of that resource will be CREATE_COMPLETE. Alternatively, if the plug-in encounters an error when attempting to create the physical resource, the state would be CREATE_FAILED. The base class handles the reporting and persisting of resource state, so a plug-in's handler methods only need to return data or raise exceptions as appropriate.
Resource Support Status
New resource should be marked from which OpenStack release it will be available with support_status option. For more details, see Heat Support Status usage Guide.
Resource description
An important part of future resources is a concisely written description. It should be in class docstring and contain information about the resource and how it could be useful to the end-user. The docstring description is used in documentation generation and should be always defined, if resource is designed for public use. Docstring should follows PEP 257.
class CustomResource(resource.Resource):
 """This custom resource has description.
 Now end-users could understand the meaning of the resource existing
 and will use it correctly without any additional questions.
 """
Properties and Attributes
A resource's properties define the settings the template author can manipulate when including that resource in a template. Some examples would be:
 - Which flavor and image to use for a Nova server
 - The port to listen to on Neutron LBaaS nodes
 - The size of a Cinder volume
Note
Properties should normally be accessed through self.properties. This resolves intrinsic functions, provides default values when required and performs property translation for backward compatible schema changes. The self.properties.data dict provides access to the raw data supplied by the user in the template without any of those transformations.
Attributes describe runtime state data of the physical resource that the plug-in can expose to other resources in a Stack. Generally, these aren't available until the physical resource has been created and is in a usable state. Some examples would be:
 - The host id of a Nova server
 - The status of a Neutron network
 - The creation time of a Cinder volume
Defining Resource Properties
Each property that a resource supports must be defined in a schema that informs the engine and validation logic what the properties are, what type each is, and validation constraints. The schema is a dictionary whose keys define property names and whose values describe the constraints on that property. This dictionary must be assigned to the properties_schema attribute of the plug-in.
from heat.common.i18n import _
from heat.engine import constraints
from heat.engine import properties
 nested_schema = {
 "foo": properties.Schema(
 properties.Schema.STRING,
 _('description of foo field'),
 constraints=[
 constraints.AllowedPattern('(Ba[rc]?)+'),
 constraints.Length(max=10,
 description="don't go crazy")
 ]
 )
 }
 properties_schema = {
 "property_name": properties.Schema(
 properties.Schema.MAP,
 _('Internationalized description of property'),
 required=True,
 default={"Foo": "Bar"},
 schema=nested_schema
 )
 }
As shown above, some properties may themselves be complex and reference nested schema definitions. Following are the parameters to the Schema constructor; all but the first have defaults.
data_type:
Defines the type of the property's value. The valid types are the members of the list properties.Schema.TYPES, currently INTEGER, STRING, NUMBER, BOOLEAN, MAP, LIST and ANY; please use those symbolic names rather than the literals to which they are equated. For LIST and MAP type properties, the schema referenced constrains the format of complex items in the list or map.
description:
A description of the property and its function; also used in documentation generation. Default is None — but you should always provide a description.
default:
The default value to assign to this property if none was supplied in the template. Default is None.
schema:
This property's value is complex and its members must conform to this referenced schema in order to be valid. The referenced schema dictionary has the same format as the properties_schema. Default is None.
required:
True if the property must have a value for the template to be valid; False otherwise. The default is False
constraints:
A list of constraints that apply to the property's value. See Property Constraints.
update_allowed:
True if an existing resource can be updated, False means update is accomplished by delete and re-create. Default is False.
immutable:
True means updates are not supported, resource update will fail on every change of this property. False otherwise. Default is False.
support_status:
Defines current status of the property. Read Heat Support Status usage Guide for details.
Accessing property values of the plug-in at runtime is then a simple call to:
self.properties['PropertyName']
Based on the property type, properties without a set value will return the default "empty" value for that type:
Type
Empty Value
String
''
Number
0
Integer
0
List
[]
Map
{}
Boolean
False
Property Constraints
Following are the available kinds of constraints. The description is optional and, if given, states the constraint in plain language for the end user.
AllowedPattern(regex, description):
Constrains the value to match the given regular expression; applicable to STRING.
AllowedValues(allowed, description):
Lists the allowed values. allowed must be a collections.abc.Sequence or string. Applicable to all types of value except MAP.
Length(min, max, description):
Constrains the length of the value. Applicable to STRING, LIST, MAP. Both min and max default to None.
Range(min, max, description):
Constrains a numerical value. Applicable to INTEGER and NUMBER. Both min and max default to None.
Modulo(step, offset, description):
Starting with the specified offset, every multiple of step is a valid value. Applicable to INTEGER and NUMBER.
Available from template version 2017-02-24.
CustomConstraint(name, description, environment):
This constructor brings in a named constraint class from an environment. If the given environment is None (its default) then the environment used is the global one.
Defining Resource Attributes
Attributes communicate runtime state of the physical resource. Note that some plug-ins do not define any attributes and doing so is optional. If the plug-in needs to expose attributes, it will define an attributes_schema similar to the properties schema described above. Each item in the schema dictionary consists of an attribute name and an attribute Schema object.
attributes_schema = {
 "foo": attributes.Schema(
 _("The foo attribute"),
 type=attribute.Schema.STRING
 ),
 "bar": attributes.Schema(
 _("The bar attribute"),
 type=attribute.Schema.STRING
 ),
 "baz": attributes.Schema(
 _("The baz attribute"),
 type=attribute.Schema.STRING
 )
}
Following are the parameters to the Schema.
description
A description of the attribute; also used in documentation generation. Default is None — but you


What Does Umi Mean?
The name Umi means sea in Japanese and it is a word with a huge influence in the Asian community. However, it is a logotype of a hotel in London (Umi London) which acts as a synapse-joining staff, guests and nationalities allowing a constant flow of communication through everyone who comes into contact with the Umi brand.
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Umi is the name of an Etsy seller's cat which she picked up from the shelter a little while back.
Alpha Ursae Minoris, or Polaris, has a magnitude of 1.97. It is also a Population I (high metal content, like our sun) Cepheid variable star, which means its magnitude changes over
University Museums in Scotland (preservation organization; various locations)
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text:
Average Temperatures in Palmerston N, New Zealand
- The annual mean temperature in Palmerston N, New Zealand is mild at 13.3 degrees Celsius (55.9 degrees Fahrenheit).
- Average monthly temperatures have a variation of 9.7 °C (17.5°F) which is a very low range.
- The hottest month (February) is somewhat warm having a mean temperature of 18 degrees Celsius (64.4 degrees Fahrenheit).
- July is the coldest month (a little cool) having a mean temperature of 8.3 degrees Celsius (46.94 degrees Fahrenheit).
Average Temperatures Table for Palmerston N
|Average Temperature °C ( °F)
Palmerston N Average Temperatures Chart
The average temperature charts use a fixed scale so that you can easily compare temperatures between two or more locations. Simply line up the charts in separate tabs in your browser and toggle between tabs to visualise the differences. The charts have major grid lines at intervals of 10 °C on the left axis corresponding with intervals of 18 °F on the right axis. Minor gridlines mark intervals of 2.5 °C and 4.5 °F. The charts show the relationship between the Celsius and Fahrenheit measuring scales. Locations in the northern hemisphere run from January to December and in the southern hemisphere from July to June so that the middle of the chart always corresponds with the high sun period (for the hemisphere).
Average Temperatures Nearby Palmerston N


Mar 24, 2016
Alarming dip in Kerala's drinking water resources due to extreme heat wave lashing the state
Haritha John
The News Minute
Photo: Sreekesh Raveendran Nair
Photo: Sreekesh Raveendran Nair
According to environmental activists, Kerala is going through highest recorded temperatures in the last decade at the beginning of this year itself. Palakkad district has crossed 40 degree Celsius several times, while Kannur hovers near 40 most of the time.
The average temperature in the rest of the districts is around 35 degree Celsius.
Severe drinking water problem has been reported from different parts of Kerala as fresh water bodies have started drying up. People in rural settlements which are exclusively dependent on natural water bodies are now traversing long miles just to access drinking water


text: Abstract. Due to the combined effect of wind and rain, the importance of storm movement to surface flow has long been recognized, at scales ranging from headwater scales to large basins. This study presents the results of laboratory experiments designed to investigate the influence of moving rainfall storms on the dynamics of sediment transport by surface runoff. Experiments were carried out, using a rain simulator and a soil flume. The movement of rainfall was generated by moving the rain simulator at a constant speed in the upstream and downstream directions along the flume. The main objective of the study was to characterize, in laboratory conditions, the distribution of sediment grain-size transported by rainfall-induced overland flow and its temporal evolution. Grain-size distribution of the eroded material is governed by the capacity of flow that transports sediments. Granulometric curves were constructed using conventional hand sieving and a laser diffraction particle size analyser (material below 0.250 mm) for overland flow and sediment deliveries collected at the flume outlet. Surface slope was set at 2%, 7% and 14%. Rainstorms were moved with a constant speed, upslope and downslope, along the flume or were kept static. The results of laboratory experiments show that storm movement, affecting the spatial and temporal distribution of rainfall, has a marked influence on the grain-size characteristics of sediments transported by overland flow. The downstream-moving rainfall storms have higher stream power than do other storm types.


text:
Netflix published a post on their technology blog entitled, "HTML5 Video at Netflix." In this post, it was revealed the Netflix is planning to switch from Microsoft Silverlight to HTML5 to deliver Netflix movies. For years, Netflix has used Silverlight and for years users of Linux and other operating systems were unable to use Netflix because of their Silverlight use. In the blog post, Netflix stated that they were planning to switch because Microsoft plans to end support for Silverlight 5 in the year 2021.
What is Microsoft Silverlight?
Silverlight is Microsoft's response to Flash. While it is designed to offer a number of programmatic features, Silverlight is most often used for delivering video. Yahoo!, CBS and other major companies have turned to Silverlight in the past. But, many are now moving away and turning to other technologies. Silverlight is proprietary in nature, and it is not supported by all operating systems and browsers. Linux users, for example, have been complaining about lacking native access to Netflix for years. Many experts blame Silverlight for limited Netflix compatibility on less common platforms.
What is HTML5?
HTML is the markup language used to design websites, and it has evolved considerably over the years. HTML5 is simply the latest iteration of this progression. One of the biggest changes to HTML5, however, is the inclusion of support for video. Instead of having to rely on Flash, Silverlight, or other technologies, HTML5 will provide standardized options that are open and that will be implemented in a similar fashion across all operating systems and browsers. Although it has taken years to determine how HTML5 will deliver video, consensus has been reached, and many browsers now offer support for HTML5 video.
What are the Benefits of the Switch to HTML5?
In the short term, the benefits of switching to HTML5 will be minimal. Most browsers support Silverlight, so Netflix will not be able to access many more users by making the switch. In the long term, however, the benefits will begin to become clear. HTML5 will be the industry standard for video delivery, so all browsers will support it. Silverlight, on the other hand, is a proprietary technology that will only exist as long as Microsoft supports it. In recent years, Microsoft has shown a reluctance to pledge long-term support for Silverlight. The stability will make HTML5 the default choice for those wishing to stream video to the masses. In addition, HTML5 will offer video encryption. If this encryption was not included, Netflix would not be able to make the switch without risking contracts with various copyright-holders.
What are the Drawbacks of the Switch?
Switching to HTML5 will undoubtedly cost Netflix a considerable amount of money. Millions of people use Netflix, and the amount of bandwidth used by the video giant can be hard to comprehend. As a result, the switch will have to be done as carefully as possible as small mistakes can lead to large expenses for Netflix and its users. In addition, there will likely be bugs along the way, and Netflix will have to set aside a considerable amount of money to provide support for its users. Despite these drawbacks, however, most experts believe that this switch is necessary and will ultimately lead to better compatibility and easier support. For most Netflix users, the switch should be transparent, and those who simply want their video to arrive like normal should not worry about the transition.
Netflix will remain an industry giant for the foreseeable future, but industry experts have long criticized the company for choosing Silverlight to deliver video. Thanks to the advanced capabilities of HTML5, however, the company can now rely on industry standards instead of proprietary technology. In addition, Netflix will be able to support the growing diversity of operating systems and web browsers that have been coming to the market in recent years.