Joppa to Caesarea distance, location, road map and direction
Joppa is located in USA at the longitude of 34.76 and latitude of 32.05. Caesarea is located in Israel at the longitude of 34.9 and latitude of 32.52.
Distance between Joppa and Caesarea
The total straight line distance between Joppa and Caesarea is 54 KM (kilometers) and 0 meters. The miles based distance from Joppa to Caesarea is 33.6 miles. This is a straight line distance and so most of the time the actual travel distance between Joppa and Caesarea may be higher or vary due to curvature of the road.
The driving distance or the travel distance between Joppa to Caesarea is 62 KM and 927 meters. The mile based, road distance between these two travel point is 39.1 miles.
Time Difference between Joppa and Caesarea
The sun rise time difference or the actual time difference between Joppa and Caesarea is 0 hours, 0 minutes and 35 seconds. Note: Joppa and Caesarea time calculation is based on UTC time of the particular city. It may vary from country standard time, local time etc.
Joppa To Caesarea travel time
Joppa is located around 54 KM away from Caesarea so if you travel at the consistent speed of 50 KM per hour you can reach Caesarea in 1 hours and 12 minutes. Your Caesarea travel time may vary due to your bus speed, train speed or depending upon the vehicle you use.
Midway point between Joppa To Caesarea
Mid way point or halfway place is a center point between source and destination location. The mid way point between Joppa and Caesarea is situated at the latitude of 32.284175535307 and the longitude of 34.831265711495. If you need refreshment you can stop around this midway place, after checking the safety,feasibility, etc.
Joppa To Caesarea road map
Caesarea is located nearly North side to Joppa. The bearing degree from Joppa To Caesarea is 14 ° degree. The given North direction from Joppa is only approximate. The given google map shows the direction in which the blue color line indicates road connectivity to Caesarea. In the travel map towards Caesarea you may find en route hotels, tourist spots, picnic spots, petrol pumps and various religious places. The given google map is not comfortable to view all the places as per your expectation then to view street maps, local places see our detailed map here.
Joppa To Caesarea driving direction
The following diriving direction guides you to reach Caesarea from Joppa. Our straight line distance may vary from google distance.
Travel Distance from Joppa
The onward journey distance may vary from downward distance due to one way traffic road. This website gives the travel information and distance for all the cities in the globe. For example if you have any queries like what is the distance between Joppa and Caesarea? and How far is Joppa from Caesarea?. Driving distance between Joppa and Caesarea. Joppa to Caesarea distance by road. Distance between Joppa and Caesarea is 10317 KM / 6410.8 miles. distance between Joppa and Caesarea by road. It will answer those queires aslo. Some popular travel routes and their links are given here :-
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text:
We use behavioural insights to design nudges leveraging social comparison and assignment of responsibility aimed at reducing electricity consumption in a large provincial government office building with 24 floors. Results from a randomized control trial show that floors participating in a treatment with inter-floor competitions and tips reduced energy consumption by 9%, while those that also included floor-wise 'energy advocates" reduced energy consumption by 14% over a period of 5 months.
Behavioral Economics: Underlying Principles
This paper analyses the impact of income inequality on public good provision in an experimental setting. A sample of secondary school students were recruited to participate in a simple linear public goods game where income heterogeneity was introduced by providing participants with unequal token endowments. The results show that endowment heterogeneity does not have any significant impact on contributions to the public good, and that consistent with models of reciprocity, low and high endowment players contribute the same fraction of their endowment to the public pool.

source: openbmb/Ultra-FineWeb


text:
Spanish Glossary: M
market: 1. (noun) In Spanish cultures, a traditional market is where vendors gather to sell their goods. Markets may be open or under a roof, and they offer a less formal shopping environment than typical supermarkets or grocery stores. Prices are usually negotiable. 2. (verb) To advertise and sell an item.
mood: 1. A characteristic of a verb that indicates the manner in which the action occurs. 2. A characteristic of a person that indicates the overall emotional state of that person.

source: HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu


text:
Storage Capacity / Energy Density
The useable energy content of floating hydraulic energy storage is dependent upon its mass (structure, technical equipment, additional loads) and the size of its cavity (water reservoir). To estimate the energy stored one must consider an idealized system, wherein the total mass is concentrated in additional loads and the cavity has a cylindrical shape. In this case, the storable energy content reaches its maximum, if at maximum immersion depth h, the cavity is half full with water (see diagram).
Schematic diagram of an ideal system
The energy content or storage capacity E of an idealized hydraulic energy storage is calculated using the following formula:
in which m is the mass of the hydraulic energy storage, including all additional loads, g is the gravitational acceleration, ? Fluid is the density of water, h is the maximum immersion depth and A is the base area.
In such an idealized system the mass m of the hydraulic energy storage is proportional to its energy content E. The following diagram illustrates the relationship between the base area A and the immersion depth h for various energy contents E.
Energy storage capacity as a function of maximum immersion depth h and the base area A
The energy density is comparatively low. However, due to the "unlimited" number of load cycles, the short response time and the high operation efficiency, significant advantages are expected when compared to other energy storage concepts. The gravimetric energy density of an idealized hydraulic energy storage system is
The volumetric energy density of an idealized hydraulic energy storage system is

source: m-a-p/FineFineWeb


In India, How Do Rooftop Gardens Grow?
HYDERABAD, India -- Can growing vegetables on India's slum rooftops and holding cooking classes in slum alleyways make a difference?
That is the contention of a new program that's about to begin in a 100-acre slum in the capital city of India's southern state of Andhra Pradesh. The country has seen hundreds of programs over the years designed to combat malnutrition. The latest aims to clear out the garbage, create a patchwork of small organic farms to grow vegetables that can be sold in the market, and then employ a team of 23 local women to demonstrate healthy cooking and good food hygiene.
The project is based on research by Erik Simanis, co-director of the "Base of the Pyramid Protocol" at Cornell University in New York, a 3-year-old program that seeks to improve nutrition standards among the poor. He says it aims to develop understanding about the importance of micro-nutrients -- minerals and vitamins traditionally not found in high quantities in India's high-carbohydrate diet.
There's a commercial twist. The project is being funded and supported by The Solae Company, a joint venture of DuPont Co. and Bunge Ltd. Solae is sending employees to help train the cooks and is donating soy protein for the cooking classes in an effort to beef up the nutritional benefits of the meals.
But the program's ultimate goal is to establish a "culinary park network" on the rooftops so local women can grow their own vegetables and then turn surplus into meals for sale. The first gardens will be laid with topsoil in April and the first crops of tomatoes, spices, chilies, eggplant, mushrooms and leafy green vegetables is expected by the end of the year. The slum houses about 100,000 residents.
To Read the Full Story
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What are reserves?
An account reserve is an amount of money that is on hold in your PayPal account to cover potential financial risk such as payment reversals you may receive like chargebacks and claims. PayPal uses three types of reserves: rolling reserves, minimum reserves and jumpstart reserves.
 - A Rolling reserve is a reserve where a percentage of each transaction you receive each day is held and then released later on a scheduled basis. This is the most common type of reserve.
 - A minimum reserve is a specific minimum amount of money that's held in your reserve balance. The minimum reserve is either taken as a percentage of money held until a certain amount has been reached, or a one-time amount.
 - For example, 5% of your daily transaction volume is held until a balance of $5,000 is reached.
 - A Jumpstart reserve is when funds are held from your available balance immediately.
 - For example, if we make the determination to keep a $10K jumpstart reserve and there is $20K in the PayPal account balance, $10K is moved to reserves straight away.
We may also use a combination of a reserve types on your account.
Why does PayPal use reserves?
Reasons for placing reserves
Reserves are a common industry practice. They are used to minimize losses and to create a safer shopping experience. If you would go out of business or would be otherwise incapable of covering your financial obligations, we would still need to pay back the buyer. If a buyer contacts PayPal or their financial institution because they didn't receive what they ordered, we're responsible for making things right. A reserve can be placed on your account for a number of reasons and is set on a case-by-case basis. PayPal considers a list of factors to determine this including:
 - Your processing history with PayPal and other providers
 - Whether your industry has a higher likelihood of chargebacks or refunds
 - Whether your account has an elevated number of customer claims and disputes
 - Your business and/or personal credit history
 - Whether you are selling products or services in advance (preselling orders).
 - Your delivery time frames - whether there are extended delivery timeframes
PayPal will periodically review the account to determine whether the reserve placement and amount needs to be adjusted. Reserves may be eligible for the reduction or removal with positive changes to key areas such as performance, industry, claims reduction, etc.
When will I get my money?
Once a reserve is placed, you will receive communications outlining the terms of your reserve. Your terms are also outlined in your account. When your money will be released depends on what type of reserve you have.
If you have a rolling reserve, the funds will be released after a certain period of time. For example, if you have a 90 day rolling reserve, funds from Day 1 sales will be available on Day 91.
For minimum reserve, reserves are reviewed every 90 days. PayPal proactively reviews reserves and based on improvements to your business performance it is possible that your reserves could be adjusted or removed.
How to prevent reserves from being placed on an account
Reserves may be a necessity throughout your relationship with PayPal. Preventing reserves isn't always possible, and depending on your industry and your credit history, you might never be able to fully remove a reserve from your account.
Seller Best Practices
Some best practices to follow are:
 - Monitor your buyer complaint rates regularly and try to keep complaint rates below 1% of your sales.
You can also access additional information on account reserves by reviewing our Business Resource Center.


text:
Reorganisations of share capital: open offers and vendor placings
A characteristic feature of a rights issue is the provisional letter of allotment which entitles existing shareholders to subscribe for further shares in the company under the terms of the issue. However, a company can raise funds in other ways which are similar to a rights issue to the extent that existing shareholders are offered the opportunity to subscribe for the new shares. However, they are not conventional rights issues because there is no provisional letter of allotment which the shareholder can sell 'nil paid', ie before they have subscribed for new shares.
Arrangements alternative to a rights issue fall into two categories which are often known as open offers (or entitlement issues) and vendor placings. However, there is no commonly accepted vocabulary and vendor placings are sometimes described as open offers or entitlement issues and vice-versa. Therefore in any individual case it will be necessary to look at the underlying transactions not simply at the label used to describe them. In practice this should not be a problem as the arrangements are largely confined to public companies and you can follow the treatment described in Interactive Data publications (formerly Extel) unless the taxpayer objects.


Create and manage schedules for labs in Azure Lab Services
Schedules allow you to configure a lab such that VMs in the lab automatically start and shut down at a specified time. You can define a one-time schedule or a recurring schedule. The following procedures give you steps to create and manage schedules for a lab:
Important
The scheduled running time of VMs does not count against the quota allotted to a user. The quota is for the time outside of schedule hours that a student spends on VMs.
Set a schedule for the lab
Create a scheduled event for the lab so that VMs in the lab are automatically started/stopped at specific times. The user quota you specified earlier is the additional time assigned to each user outside this scheduled time.
Note
Before we get started, here's how schedules affect lab virtual machines:
 - Template virtual machine is not included in schedules.
 - Only assigned virtual machines are started. This means, if a machine is not claimed by an end user (student), the machine will not start on the scheduled hours.
 - All virtual machines (whether claimed by a user or not) are stopped based on the lab schedule.
 1. Switch to the Schedules page, and select Add scheduled event on the toolbar.
 Screenshot that shows the Azure Lab Services "Schedule" page, with the Add schedule button selected.
 2. Confirm that Standard is selected the Event type. You select Start only to specify only the start time for the VMs. You select Stop only to specify only the stop time for the VMs.
 3. In the Repeat section, select the current schedule.
 Add schedule button on the Schedules page
 4. On the Repeat dialog box, do the following steps:
 1. Confirm that every week is set for the Repeat field.
 2. Specify the start date.
 3. Specify the start time at which you want the VMs to be started.
 4. Specify the stop time on which the VMs are to be shut down.
 5. Specify the time zone for the start and stop times you specified.
 6. Select the days on which you want the schedule to take effect. In the following example, Monday-Thursday is selected.
 7. Select Save.
 Set repeat schedule
 5. Now, on the Add scheduled event page, for Notes (optional), enter any description or notes for the schedule.
 6. On the Add scheduled event page, select Save.
 Weekly schedule
View schedules in calendar
You can see the scheduled dates and times highlighted in the calendar view as shown in the following image:
Schedules in the calendar view
Select the Today button in the top-right corner to switch to current date in the calendar. Select left arrow to switch to the previous week and right arrow to switch to the next week in the calendar.
Edit a schedule
When you select a highlighted schedule in the calendar, you see buttons to edit or delete the schedule.
Edit schedule page
On the Edit scheduled event page, you can update the schedule, and select Save.
Delete a schedule
 1. To delete a schedule, select a highlighted schedule in the calendar, and select the trash icon (delete) button:
 Delete button on toolbar
 2. On the Delete scheduled event dialog box, select Yes to confirm the deletion.
Next steps
See the following articles:


Prof. Powershell
Comparison and Contrast
Which of these things is not like the other? Use the Compare-Object cmdlet to find out.
There may be times when need to compare objects to see what is different. This if often the case when you want to capture state information and see what has changed between "snapshots." For example, you might want to troubleshoot a problem by capturing process information in the middle of the night and compare it to a known good state. Let me show you how to use the Compare-Object cmdlet, which has an alias of Diff.
First capture the current running processes:
PS C:\> $before=get-process
Then start Notepad and Calculator. Now grab an after snapshot:
PS C:\> $after=get-process
The Compare-Object cmdlet compares a source object to a reference object. In our example we want to compare before and after:
PS C:\> diff $before $after
What you'll likely see is a long list with a side indicator that tells you which item doesn't belong in the other. Remember we're dealing with a collection of process objects and even though a process like PowerShell is still running, some properties like memory utilization will have changed between snapshots. That's normal. What we want is to narrow the comparison. We can do that by selecting a property:
PS C:\> diff $before $after -property Name
Now you should see that the Notepad and Calculator properties are only found in $after. Here's one more quick example. Get all the current running services:
PS C:\> $now=get-service
Stop or start some services and take another snapshot:
PS C>\> $later=get-service
You can use Compare-Object to return more than one property:
PS C:\> diff $now $later -property Status,Name
This will show the differences based on status as well as showing the service name.
Remember, you can use the Export cmdlets to save state information and then re-create the objects using the corresponding Import cmdlet. Save a current snapshot to a variable and compare the two.
Note that this is just an intro; be sure to look at the help file for Compare-Object to find out more.
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text:
Copernicus Crater Phoenix Moon Base
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A huge mile high Phoenix statue and a split tail NAZCA line Peru depicted massive abduction vessel are near the two KM high crater wall of this 53 mile/ 98 KM wide crater called Copernicus. It has two of the largest alien objects that can be seen from Earth with a large or pro class of telescope. The main picture was taken by Apollo 17 and the data is backed up in this video from the other side via PIA00094 taken years earlier by one of the NASA Lunar Orbiter satellites. I think Apollo 17 was a recon mission to observe an alien base in Copernicus captured in both Lunar Orbiter and Apollo 12 photos? Very ancient yet perfectly preserved on Earth's Moon. The cool thing about this photo is it is from the side of the moon faced toward Earth. This crater is located at 10 Deg. North and 20Deg West so we can locate the anomalies within its large parimeter. _URL_
Added on Feb 21, 2012 by deek
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Updated: January 10, 2014 1:28PM
The village of Grayslake today has lifted a precautionary water boil that went into effect Wednesday.
For nearly two days, residents had to boil their water after the water system lost pressure, likely due to the stress of the extreme weather on equipment.
The village water system lost pressure around 12:30 p.m. Wednesday due to a telemetry system malfunction, possibly caused by the extreme cold that began Monday. Village crews responded by overriding the automatic operating system and manually flipping the switch to start pumping water back into the system. Normal water pressure was restored in less than 30 minutes.
Bill Heinz, director of public works and village engineer, said the telemetry system is a computer system that controls pumps on water systems, both fresh water and sewage, and reacts to what sensors tell it. Sensors in the water system apparently froze and the water level got down to a point where the water pressure was compromised. If the pressure goes too low, contaminates can find their way into the system.
Due to the loss in pressure, the village is required by the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency, to issue a water boil order for residents.


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I have a question regarding multiple sums. And my second index depends on the first index. Here it is:
$$ \sum_{d=1}^{P}e^{-d}\sum_{\substack{1\leq k_{1}\leq Q \\ 1\leq k_{2}\leq Q \\... \\...\\1\leq k_{d}\leq Q}}e^{-(k_{1}+...+k_{d})} $$
I could not write this sum in mathematica. The problem is that my second sum is a multiple sum and I do not know how to sum $d$ times. How can I do it?
share|improve this question
See answers to this question : mathematica.stackexchange.com/questions/134/… – Artes May 3 '12 at 14:20
add comment
2 Answers
Let's concentrate on the inner multiple sum. First note that we know d because it is given from the outer sum. If we want to write the expression $$-\exp\left[k_1+k_2+\ldots+k_d\right]$$ in Mathematica we could do this very easy. First we create the list {k[1],k[2],...,k[d]} and remember, that this is internally nothing more than List[k[1],k[2],...,k[d]]. If we would now replace the List head with Plus, then it is exactly what we want. For this we can use Apply which is written @@ in infix notation. That leaves how to create the {k[1],k[2],...,k[d]} list. Here we can use Table or Array or we think of it as _mapping the function k over the list {1,2,...,d}. This can be written as
k /@ Range[d]
for a known d. All together this gives
Exp[-Plus @@ k /@ Range[d]]
Now we need to build a multiple Sum, summing over d different k. Again, this can be done in several ways. One way is to create a function which gets as arguments the indices for a Sum
f = Function[Sum[1, ##]]
I only use 1 in the sum for the sake of simplicity. You may ask now, what this ## is: it's the sequence of all arguments given to f. So lets try it:
In[63]:= {Sum[1, {3}], f[{3}]}
Out[63]= {3, 3}
In[62]:= {Sum[1, {3}, {5}], f[{3}, {5}]}
Out[62]= {15, 15}
Seems to work. The only think which is left now, is to create the ranges {k[i],1,q} where i is always a concrete number. Here we can use again the trick with Range and for a known d this gives a list of ranges:
{k[#], 1, q} & /@ Range[d]
(* For d = 3 for instance
Out[64]= {{k[1], 1, q}, {k[2], 1, q}, {k[3], 1, q}}
The last thing is to think about, that our Sum function needs a Sequence of arguments and the above is a List. But we already solved the problem of replacing the List with something different by using @@. This gives all together:
Sum[Exp[-Plus @@ k /@ Range[d]], ##] & @@ ({k[#], 1, q} & /@ Range[d])
Don't be afraid of the expression, because now you know every single piece of it and you know what every piece does. You could try it by for instance
With[{d = 4},
and get $$\frac{e^{-4 q} \left(e^q-1\right)^4}{(e-1)^4}$$ or you use this to plant it directly into your outer sum
mysum[p_Integer] :=
 Range[d]), {d, 1, p}]
I put it into a function mysum, because p needs to be a number to make all the Ranges work. Now you should check mysum[2]
$$\frac{e^{-2 q-2} \left(e^q-1\right)^2}{(e-1)^2}+\frac{e^{-q-1} \left(e^q-1\right)}{e-1}$$
share|improve this answer
How do you get $2(q^5 + q^4)$? I don't get that result with your code. – rcollyer May 3 '12 at 15:19
Me neither. Wherever I copied this from.. it was the wrong place. Thanks for paying attention. – halirutan May 3 '12 at 15:29
I do not understand why mathematica doesnt give the closed expression for mysum. because it seems that mysum[n] gives $x+x^2+x^3+...+x^n$ where $x$ is mysum[1] – neticin May 3 '12 at 16:15
add comment
I'm not sure there's a way to do this symbolically, but you can do the following:
multipleSum[P_] :=
 Sum[Exp[-d] Sum[
 Exp[-Plus @@ Table[Symbol["k" <> ToString[i]], {i, 1, d}]],
 Sequence @@
 Table[{Symbol["k" <> ToString[i]], 1, Q}, {i, 1, d}]]], {d, 1,
For example:
In[87]:= multipleSum[3]
Out[87]= (E^(-1 - Q) (-1 + E^Q))/(-1 + E) + (
 E^(-2 - 2 Q) (-1 + E^Q)^2)/(-1 + E)^2 + (
 E^(-3 - 3 Q) (-1 + E^Q)^3)/(-1 + E)^3
I think this is correct.
share|improve this answer
I think you missed a minus-sign in the inside exponential. – halirutan May 3 '12 at 14:25
_USER_ erk, thanks: fixed – tkott May 3 '12 at 14:26
add comment
Your Answer


24 October 2006 Optimizing slip-mean-time used in estimating nonstationary random vibration signal's PSD
Author Affiliations +
Abstract
The aircraft has always suffered non-stationary random vibration in the booster-phase of the launch process. Obtain the relationship between the slip-mean-time and the bias error and that between the slip-mean-time and the random error in the estimation of a non-stationary random vibration signal's power spectral density (PSD) by analyzing the estimation of the signal's variable mean square (MS). Based on this, Obtain the analytic relationship between the variable MS of a sample of a non-stationary random vibration signal and the optimum slip-mean-time which causes the smallest total error in the spectrum analysis of the signal, propose an approach for optimizing the slip-mean-time in the estimation of a non-stationary random vibration signal's PSD. Present an appliance for a signal sample of a random vibration process which is caused during an aircraft booster-phase. Used the orthogonal polynomial approximation to get the analytic format of the process's MS, confirm the optimum slip-mean-time used in estimating the signal's PSD.
© (2006) COPYRIGHT Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Feiyu Huang, Hongjie Yuan, Chuanri Li, "Optimizing slip-mean-time used in estimating nonstationary random vibration signal's PSD", Proc. SPIE 6357, Sixth International Symposium on Instrumentation and Control Technology: Signal Analysis, Measurement Theory, Photo-Electronic Technology, and Artificial Intelligence, 635707 (24 October 2006); doi: 10.1117/12.716689; _URL_
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text:
Plant Pest and Agriculture Commodity Certification Act
The Kansas Plant Pest and Agriculture Commodity Certification Act was first enacted in 1907. This act serves four basic functions:
To protect the state from outbreaks of dangerous plant pests and diseases by locating plant pests and taking appropriate regulatory action when necessary
To provide for the licensing of live plant dealers
To provide for the inspection and certification of Kansas-produced commodities to facilitate shipments to domestic and international markets
To grant quarantine authority
This act authorizes the Secretary of Agriculture to quarantine and treat or destroy infested or infected plants or plant products to prevent the movement of dangerous plant pests into, or spread within, Kansas.
In addition to protecting the state's plant resources from unintentional or accidental introduction of plant pests, the authority provided in this law will assist in the state's homeland security effort to detect, identify, and respond to bioterrorism activities involving plant pests that may be intentionally introduced into the state.
Link to full text of


text:
Title: Enriching the AR(p) process with skewed generalised normal innovations
Authors: JT Ferreira - University of Pretoria (South Africa) [presenting]
Ane Neethling - University of Pretoria (South Africa)
Andriette Bekker - University of Pretoria (South Africa)
Mehrdad Naderi - University of Pretoria (South Africa)
Abstract: The autoregressive (AR) process of order $p$ is of common value in many areas of research, not necessarily only in a time series environment. Usually, innovations are assumed to be iid normally distributed; this assumption may not characterise some true processes adequately due to the normal distributions restrictions regarding asymmetry. A skew generalised normal distribution is presented as an alternative to the usual normal assumption. It can account for not only skewness but also heavier tails that innovations might exhibit. This model is compared to previously proposed models, and its position as a valid contender as the choice of innovation process discussed via some simulation studies and data analysis.


text:
Downloads: 125 | Views: 181
Review Papers | Dental Science | India | Volume 7 Issue 1, January 2018
A Detailed Study on the Role of Photographic Objective in Dental Photography
Shamphavi.S | Aphara.S
Abstract: At present, photography plays a critical role in dental practice. Dental photography assists dentists in treatment planning, communicating with patients and to keep a track on treatment proceedings. To achieve the expected results in each of the above stage, it is important to capture the images with better resolution. The resolution depends upon the selection of lens. Even with best camera and good photographic skills, dental practitioners wont be able to produce a good image without a right lens. This article emphasizes the significance of lens in dental photography. At present, lens plays crucial part in determining the image quality. Recently, lens-less camera which could produce a 3-D image was developed. This study also covers the future of lens-less camera in dental photography.
Keywords: Dental, Photography, Resolution, Camera lens, lens-less camera
Edition: Volume 7 Issue 1, January 2018,
Pages: 2030 - 2032


text:
Description: Standard smoldering and flaming combustion tests using small coal samples have been developed by the U.S. Bureau of Mines as a method to evaluate the response of a smoke detector. The tests are conducted using a standard smoke box designed and constructed according to Underwriters Laboratories. The tests provide a standard, easily reproducible smoke characteristic for smoldering and flaming coal combustion, based upon a comparison of the smoke optical density and the response of a standard ionization chamber to the smoke. With these standard tests, the range of threshold limits for the response of a smoke detector and the detector's reliability can be evaluated for nearly identical smoke visibility and smoke physical characteristics. The detector's threshold response limits and reliability need to be well defined prior to the instrument's use as part of a mine fire warning system for improved mine safety.
Creator: Edwards, John C. & Morrow, Gerald S.
Item Type: Refine your search to only Report
Partner: UNT Libraries Government Documents Department


what is a kush
What is a kush
Or perhaps Chepsiro, commander of Hermothybia, who is so boastful of his conquests in the land of Kush?
Dem Yankees tuck eber thing dat dey saw eben to our kush, what we had cooked fer our supper.
Kush was cornbread, cooked in de big griddle on de fireplace, mashed up with raw onions an' ham gravy poured over hit.
Thou knowest well that thy divine father destines thee to wed the Prince of Kush whom but now thou didst smite so fiercely.'
Kush definition, marijuana, formerly specific to a strain of cannabis that originated from the Hindu Kush region. See more.
What is a kush
MaximumYield explains Kush
This definition explains the meaning of Kush and why it matters.


Skip to definition.
Noun: Don Juan 'dón,waan
 1. A legendary Spanish nobleman and philanderer who became the hero of many poems and plays and operas
 2. Any successful womanizer (after the legendary profligate Spanish nobleman)
Derived forms: Don Juans
Type of: ladies' man, lady's man, Lord, noble, nobleman, philanderer, womaniser [Brit], womanizer
Encyclopedia: Don Juan, Dominican Republic


text:
Hal Gard is the Rail and Public Transit Division Administrator.
As Rail Division Administrator, Hal Gard oversees a division responsible for rail safety, crossing safety, and operations of passenger and freight rail service in Oregon. In addition, upon the retirement of Michael Ward in May of this year, Hal was asked to oversee the Public Transit Division. The Public Transit Division is responsible for providing public transportation and transportation options technical assistance and grant administration to over 200 public transportation providers, agencies and communities.
Hal recently managed the Geo-Environmental Section within ODOT's Technical Services Branch and served as the agency's tribal liaison for regulatory issues. Hal began his ODOT career in 1994 when he was hired as the department's first archaeologist. After developing and managing that program for eight years, he joined the newly-formed Bridge Delivery Unit to work on new environmental streamlining opportunities presented by the Oregon Transportation Investment Act III.
In 2011, Hal received the Hewes Award, recognizing outstanding contributions to highway development, from the Western Association of State Highway Transportation Officials. In presenting the award, WASHTO noted his considerable individual efforts in improving environmental performance in Oregon's transportation projects and programs.
A Registered Professional Archaeologist, Hal holds a Bachelor's Degree from the University of California in Anthropology and a Master's Degree in the co-fields of Archaeology, Fish and Wildlife, and Geo-science from Oregon State University.


Shuffling an array
Hello
I have looked at the following Task but did not succeed in shuffling an array.
I have the following bundles (with questions) and in the bundle arrays (with answers)
I would like to shuffle both the questions and the answers.
After the array aggregator I have a webhoock response. I think I need to introduce one (or 2) modules in between to do the shuffling. Do I have to convert the bundles into an array? And if yes how ?
Thanks for your help
Rob
If I understand correctly, your Parse JSON module gives you the array of collections shown in your text window. Each element in that array is a collection consisting of "text" (the question) and "answers" (an array of multiple choice answers).
You're not just trying to pick array element at random - that might result in the same element being picked again. You need to produce an entirely new array that has been shuffled. You need to shuffle both the top level array, and within each of those top levels, you need to shuffle the answers.
Make includes a handy "shuffle" function in the array functions. Shuffle() returns a new, shuffled array.
So I would use the Iterator to turn your top-level array into bundles. For each of these bundles you would then construct a new data structure of the "text" and a shuffled array for the answers. You'd then use the Aggregator to turn all those back into a top-level array, and then you'd shuffle that.
The downside is that this could use a lot of operations. If you had say 3 operations, you'll use 3 x Q x A operations (where Q = number of questions and A = number of answers).
If this is likely to be high volume, you'd be better off doing the array shuffling externally - for example as a Google Cloud Function (see an example here: Using JavaScript with Integromat | by John Thomson | Medium) or as an Amazon Lambda function (see _URL_
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thanks - good point with the operationscost - i will have a look at the external solution first
could I add a Key "order" to the array and assigne it a random number (5 digits or even 10) and then Order the array by the key order? or does this also costs a lot?
The sort() function could help (see _URL_
But you'll still need to insert that key into the answers arrays and the top-level items, which means iterating (which means operations).
You'll also still need to iterate through the top-level items and reconstruct them with a sorted "answers" array.
So I'm not sure it helps.
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Thanks - Maybe I can use the UUID - convert to int with md5 and a Variable called salt
SORT(md5(concat(UUID,SALT))
Salt is created randomly (or send per url) - this would also have the advantage if i send the same SALT I have the SAME result in the order .
What do you think? Will that work in one Sort command?


text:
Build ramps, build jumps and then send your skater flying with the Skate Park Building Set. This unique engineering and design challenge helps sharpen critical thinking, problem solving, and STEM skills as little ones create the skate park of their dreams. Engineer it and then engineer it again with the included activity cards that help guide the process.
Learning Styles: Tactile, Visual
Skill Development: Problem solving, Following directions, Fine motor skills, Eye-hand coordination, Sequential thought, Critical thinking, Spatial relationships, Creativity, Early engineering
43-Piece set activity cards
**Longest ramp measures 10' x 2'
**Grade K +


text:
In the scenery
Examples of tenter-banks are shown throughout this website. Good examples of banks on level ground are those supporting the tenters of Roads Mill near Wardle, Rochdale (below). Note how the slightly elevated bank is devoid of rushes, being dryer than the surrounding land. Some of the post-holes for the tenter supports are still present atop the banks. The remains of the mill are now under Watergrove Reservoir but the elevated tenter-fields survive on a plateau above.
Left - A tenter-bank near Roads Mill (fullers), Wardle. On the right is the 1850s 6-inch OS map showing the mill and associated tenter-fields. The red 'T' shows the approximate location of the photo, looking west.
There is a rationale for having tenter-banks on notable hill slopes: to provide level platforms around contours. What is the point of elevating the tenters a little distance in a level field? Rather like the use of props to elevate household washing into the breeze, even slight elevations can have benefits in increased wind-speed, particularly over rough ground like moorland. Very close to the uneven, vegetation-laden surface, the wind speed is very low. Another explanation could be the erosion in wet soft ground near upland mills from the foot-fall of tuckers in mounting and dismounting the cloth fom the tenters over many years. The bank would be the original ground level, above the eroded wet paths eithe side of the racks that would promote rushes in later years.
Reminders of the ubiquitous tenters in woollen cloth-making areas are the field-names of enclosures and other landscape features of tenter use. Amongst these are close, croft, garth, room, hey, hill, balk, field etc. (Ref. 1). Tenter Hill is relatively common place name, marked on Ordnance Survey maps to the present day (unlike field-names). There are a number of streets that include 'tenter' in their name. Nineteenth century tithe maps and apportionments do however, note field-names.
Tenter Hill in Slaidburn. Accounts from 1422-3 mention a fulling mill in the village, and a corn mill (possibly housed in one building with two functions). The mill was probably on Croasdale Brook, in the valley below the hill (right of image, within trees). Some locals say they have identified tenter-banks on the hill. I haven't.
A review of the tenter associated field-names in the Leeds Metropolitan District was undertaken. The 'Tracks in Time' website was employed to view tithe maps and apportionments (a facility now removed by the West Yorkshire Archive and replaced with the 'West Yorkshire Archive Service Tithe Maps' website, Ref. 2). The maps and apportionments were dated 1839-50 from 10 parishes in Leeds. There were 11 -garths, 40 -crofts, 42 -closes, and nine -hills. Of the 98 tenter names (some had multiple names e.g. Tenter Hill Close), 65 were now built over, 20 were still open pasture, nine partially built over, and three miscellaneous e.g. a golf course.
Left - 'Tenter Heys' field in Grindleton 1807 (formerly West Riding of Yorkshire) (Ref. 2b). Historically, there may have been a fulling mill on Grindleton Brook, near the quarried hollow and the footbridge (top left). 'Hey' as a field-name in this context denotes an enclosure. Right - View of the tenter-field with a probable tenter-bank, south facing (marked).
A few examples are shown here of historical vistas that included tenters. Samuel Buck (_PHONE_), and his brother Nathaniel, were renowned for engravings of historical buildings such as castles, monasteries and townscapes. They were Yorkshiremen. His engraving of Leeds in 1745 shows many seams of tenters at the Aire riverside, and also adjacent to housing and workshops.
Tenters in Samuel Buck's 'South East Prospect of Leeds', 1745.
In Leeds, antiquarian Ralph Thoresby's major work on the history of Leeds (Ducatus Leodiensis, 1715) includes a vista, 'The Prospect of Leeds from the Knostrop Road' by Francis Place. Many tenters (and some fences) are shown near St. John's church, founded by wool merchant John Harrison in the 1630s.
Detail from 'The Prospect of Leeds from the Knostrop Road' by Francis Place. The church is St John's.
Stroudwater in Gloucestershire was a notable centre for the production of cloth. Dyeing was its speciality as the wonderful colours on the tenters above the village testify.
'View of Wallbridge' c. 1785; artist unknown. Stroudwater Scarlet dyed cloth on tenters above the village. Lower image is a detail of the tenter-field. Courtesy and copyright Museum in the Park, Stroud.
Tenters in the mill yard at Stanley Mill, constructed in 1813 around a 'fireproof' iron frame. It was one of the largest mills in Gloucestershire.
Stanley Mill, Ryeford, Stroud, artist and date unknown. Courtesy and copyright Museum in the Park, Stroud.
Exeter was a prominent cloth-making city and Donn's map marks many tenter-hays.
Tenters in Exeter near to the River Exe and leat in 1765, associated with fulling mills. From a map surveyed by Benjamin Donn, 'A Map of the County of Devon, with the City and County of Exeter', Source - Ref. 16.
The industrial revolution had its initial impact on the countryside, taking advantage of the fast-flowing streams to drive water-wheels. This transformation divided commentators and travellers. Not all welcomed it. In 1838 on his travels to identify the remains of rural life, William Howitt bemoaned the tall chimneys of 'vast and innumerable factories' that had transformed the life of rural children from a simple idyll in nature to the 'capture and confinement of these little English savages in the night and day noise labour and foul atmosphere of the cotton purgatories' (Ref. 2a). To others, the labour in the countryside brought benefits - employment and pleasing vistas of new trade - in the juxtaposition of manufacture and countryside.
In the 1720s, Daniel Defoe published an account of his tours in Great Britain. On his journey over Blackstone Edge from Rochdale (Lancashire) to Halifax he noted features of the domestic woollen industry approaching Sowerby along the Ryburn valley and in the environs of Halifax (Ref. 3):
The sides of the hills, which were very steep every way, were spread with houses … the land being divided into small enclosures … every three or four pieces of Land had a house belonging to it … we could see that almost at every house there was a tenter, and almost on every tenter a piece of cloth … from which the sun glancing … shining (the white reflecting its rays) to us, I thought it was the most agreeable sight that I ever saw, for the hills … rising and falling so thick, and the valleys opening sometimes one way, sometimes another, so that sometimes we could see two or three miles this way, sometimes as far another … we could see through the glades almost every way round us, yet look which way we would, high to the tops, and low to the bottoms, it was all the same; innumerable houses and tenters, and a white piece upon every tenter.
The manufacture of woollen cloth in the West Riding in the early eighteenth century was undertaken largely by independent clothiers, the trade ranging in size from single families working at home to more entrepreneurial clothiers with a number of widely dispersed spinners and weavers in the countryside. The clothiers arranged the fulling and tentering of the piece, which was then sold in this 'balk' state in cloth halls and markets to merchants, who arranged the finishing. The enclosures were used to support a horse and undertake agricultural activities such as growing food, keeping pigs, hens etc.
Left - Clothiers taking their pieces to the cloth hall on their overloaded Galloways. Right - The 'coloured' cloth hall at Leeds (there was another cloth hall for white cloth). The hall opened one hour only on Tuesdays and Saturdays for the clothiers to display their wares on stalls for the merchants to peruse. From Walker G, 1814, The Costume of Yorkshire.
Defoe was not alone in his appreciation of the visual impact of tenters on valley sides. Thomas Carlyle in his account of the national character in the times of James I and Charles I wrote (Ref. 4):
Certainly the Cloth-manufacture does thrive. In Stroudwater and the Western valleys [Gloucestershire], white woollen webs … stretch openly on tenterhooks; a goodly spectacle, as you issue from the Cotswold Hills.
On a journey in 1769 between Keswick and Kendal, poet and travel writer Thomas Gray noted (Ref. 5):
I enter'd Kendal almost in the dark & could distinguish only a shadow of the Castle on the hill & tenter-grounds spread far and wide round the Town, which I mistook for houses.
A 1725 'tragi-comedy' written by 'a gentleman in Gloucestershire' extolled (Ref. 6):
At my entrance into your County, casting my Eyes from the Hills to behold your pleasant Vale, I view'd on my Right


text: The present work reports the effects of γ irradiation on vermiculite for the first time. The radiation-induced changes of vermiculite were studied using different techniques viz. ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), dielectric measurements, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermoluminescence (TL). In UV-Vis analysis, the Cody model was employed to calculate structural disorder from Urbach energy, which explained the variation of the optical band gap (direct and indirect) with different (1–2000 kGy) γ doses. XRD analysis of the pristine and irradiated samples shows that the crystallinity improved upon irradiation at γ dose up to 1000 kGy and deteriorated on further increase of the γ dose. A significant change was observed in the dielectric properties after γ irradiation. Data shows that ac conductivity is proportional to the nth power of frequency (fn) in pristine and irradiated vermiculite, with a slope n ranging between 0.52 and 0.76, which indicates that electronic conduction takes place through an electron hopping process. No appreciable changes in characteristic bands (FTIR) have been observed after irradiation, indicating that natural vermiculite is chemically stable. A well-defined TL peak around 132 °C and enhancement in its intensity with γ dose (1–1000 kGy) make vermiculite a perfect thermoluminescence dosimeter and indicates usefulness applications in radiation dosimetry.


6 of the most colourful buildings in the world
Bright colours are not always popular with architects.
From modern glass skyscrapers, to solid stone medieval fortresses, to the brown-grey tower blocks of the 1960s and 1970s, vivid colour schemes have frequently been considered too visually arresting for the constructions that make up our day to day.
But when primary colours do get to shine, they tend to really stand out. These are among the world's brightest buildings, from museums and mosques to an island off the Neapolitan coast…
1. Pena Palace, Portugal
Painted with blocks of bright, vivid colour, rather than patterns or lines, Pena Palace opts for visual impact over complexity, shining like a beacon above the Portuguese city of Sintra. With bright yellow sides, blue battlements and foundations, brick-red ramparts and towers, and rich purple gatehouse, the palace is a bizarre blend of architectural styles ranging from Moorish to Gothic.
Easily seen from Lisbon on a clear day, the palace is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and has been used by the Portuguese president for state occasions.
2. Nasir al-Mulk Mosque, Iran
A small-ish facade with faded paintwork is perfectly pretty, but it's the inside of the Nasir al-Mulk Mosque that wins it most of its plaudits. Rays of stained glass windows line the main prayer hall, splashing rainbows of light across floor and walls, that form different colours and patterns as the day goes on. The building is nicknamed 'The Pink Mosque', but we think a more kaleidoscopic epithet would be equally appropriate.
3. Biomuseo, Panama
Legendary American architect Frank Gehry could monopolise this list all on his own, but we're limiting him to his Panamanian project the Biomuseo, the first and only Latin American design from the mind behind the Guggenheim in Bilbao.
A museum of natural history on the shores of Panama City, the design is signature Gehry: vibrantly-coloured interlocking canopies topping an angular interior, that twists and turns through eight distinct galleries.
4. Procida Island, Italy
None of the buildings on the Procida Island waterfront would be particularly special on their own, but together they make up a pastel patchwork that would put Elmer the Elephant to shame. It's not the only Italian town to span the spectrum (Cinque Terra and Positano spring to mind), but it is surely among the most photogenic, as the buildings tumble down the cliffs to the shoreline, rimmed by the blue of the sea and the blue of the sky.
5. St Basil's Cathedral, Moscow
Legend has it that aptly-named Russian tsar Ivan the Terrible had the architects of St Basil's Cathedral blinded, so that they might never build something so beautiful for anybody else. We sincerely hope the story is apocryphal, but there's no denying the spell-binding beauty of St Basil's, the onion-domed centrepiece of Moscow's Red Square.
Colourful constructions were all the rage in Russia during the early-modern period, and St Basil's dazzles with sheets of red, white and gold tin, and well-preserved green and blue ceramic.
6. Casa Batllo, Spain
Antoni Gaudi is almost synonymous with Barcelona, and although his best-known creation remains the magnificent, technically-still-not-completed Sagrada Familia, the Casa Batllo is probably his most visually vibrant.
With a reflective, purply-blue roof that sparkles in the Catalonian sun, and walls spattered with what looks suspiciously like glitter, you have to squint to look at downtown house-turned-museum even in a relatively dull day.
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Browse Dictionary by Letter
Dictionary Suite
Remembrance Sunday see Remembrance Day.
remerge combined form of merge.
remigration combined form of migration.
remilitarization combined form of militarization.
remilitarize combined form of militarize.
reminder something that causes a person to remember something.
remindful having in mind or remembering. [2 definitions]
reminisce to recall past experiences, often with fondness or pleasure.
reminiscence the act of recalling usu. pleasant experiences or events of the past. [3 definitions]
reminiscent having qualities or characteristics that remind one of someone or something (usu. fol. by of). [2 definitions]
remiss careless or negligent, esp. in the performance of one's duty. [2 definitions]
remissible capable of being forgiven.
remission an act or instance of remitting. [4 definitions]
remit to send (money) to someone or some place. [8 definitions]
remittal an act or instance of remitting; remission.
remittance money that is sent to someone or some place, usu. in payment. [2 definitions]
remittance man a man who lives abroad, as, formerly, in a British colony, supported mostly by remittances from home.
remittent marked by a temporary lessening or abatement in intensity or severity, as a fever or illness.
remix combined form of mix.
remnant a quantity, piece, or part that is left over or remains. [4 definitions]


text:
What is addressable RGBCCT led controller?
An addressable RGBCCT LED controller is a device that is used to control LED lights with six different parameters: red, green, blue, cool white, warm white, and color temperature. This type of controller allows for precise control over the color and brightness of LED lights, as well as the ability to adjust the color temperature to create different moods or effects.
The "RGBCCT" designation specifies the specific types of LED lights that the controller is designed to work with. "RGB" stands for red, green, and blue, which are the primary colors used to create a wide range of colors. "CCT" stands for "correlated color temperature," which is a measure of the color of light emitted by a light source. A cool white LED has a higher color temperature and emits a bluish-white light, while a warm white LED has a lower color temperature and emits a yellowish-white light.
Overall, an addressable RGBCCT LED controller is a powerful tool for creating sophisticated lighting effects, whether for use in homes, businesses, or entertainment venues.


Do foreign keys have "back-pointers"?
Let's discuss the question in the context of this schema:
create table P( p_id int not null primary key, x int ); create table F( f_id int not null primary key, p_id int default null references P, y int );
Table F has a foreign key to table P, via the column F.p_id.
I take the term "back-pointer" to mean a reference or pointer in the other direction, which is certainly not explicit in the schema. I.e., in the declarations above, there is nothing inside P that refers to F.
Why are we talking about back-pointers at all?
Why might you want one?
A back-pointer is definitely not needed to be able to "go the other way" in a query. To repeat a comment from the Jan. 30 lecture, foreign keys have a direction, but joins do not. So the concept of "going the other way" doesn't really make sense. You might need to join F and P for various kinds of queries, and then you have access, in the joined table, to all the columns of both tables. The fact that the join goes from F to P instead of P to F is not that important, and only affects the SQL syntax for expressing the join. (In fact, the relational algebra expression isn't affected, assuming the columns have been named so that the join columns involve only the FK and PK columns.)
In other words, a back-pointer is logically unnecessary. At the logical level -- at the level of table definitions -- a back-pointer is useless.
Actually, a back-pointer is worse than useless. There are two cases to consider: 1) The FK represents a 1:1 relationship; and 2) the FK represents a 1:many relationship.
Suppose the FK represents a 1:1 relationship
Let's add a back-pointer and see what happens. Here is the modified schema:
create table P2( p_id int not null primary key, f_id int default null references F2, x int ); create table F2( f_id int not null primary key, p_id int default null references P2, y int );
(Ignore the fact that the highlighted code is illegal, as it refers to table F2 which has not yet been created. That is easily fixable, but using syntax not yet covered in class.)
We could maintain P2.f_id and F2.p_id so that they represent inverses of each other. This doesn't actually benefit you at all. You can join P2 and F2 using F2.p_id and P2.p_id, as before. (In relational algebra, you would need to use rename to avoid having both columns in each table considered as join columns.)
Or, you could join using P2.f_id and F2.f_id. If the back-pointer (P2.f_id) is being maintained correctly, then the join is the same either way.
Which brings us to the next point: Your applications have to be careful to maintain P2.f_id and F2.p_id to truly be inverses of one another. The update costs something, and applications have to be careful to update the two columns consistently.
To summarize, this back-pointer is a lot of trouble for no benefit at all.
Suppose the FK represents a 1:many relationship
Now suppose that we have 1:many relationship, in which P is the parent, and F is the child, (referring to the original schema). Here is some possible data:
P
p_id x
1 100
F
f_id p_id y
11 1 800
12 1 900
If we add the back-pointer as before (using the second version of the schema, with tables P2 and F2), what does P2 look like? Table P has one row, with p_id = 1. It is associated with two rows in F, also with p_id = 1, but with different values of f_id. So would P2 look like this?
P2
p_id f_id x
1 11 100
1 12 100
That can't be right, because P2.p_id is a primary key, and we now have two rows with the same p_id value.
We are heading down the wrong path, so I'm not going to pursue this idea further. The back-pointer is not logically necessary, (i.e., if it appears in the schema), and in the case of a 1:many relationship, simply unworkable.
So why are we still talking about back-pointers?
The preceding discussion points out that back-pointers are either unnecessary or unworkable at the logical layer. However the idea of back-pointers makes a lot of sense at the physical layer.
By physical layer, I mean the set of data structures that implement tables in such a way that commonly used queries can be executed as quickly as possible.
The most important data structures used for improving database performance are indexes. An index is a mapping from some column values to a row address. The mapping is typically implemented as a search tree (similar to a binary tree), or as a hash table.
The row address is something that identifies a row, and enables retrieval of the row quickly. Consider the data of the F table from before, with rows (11, 1, 800) and (12, 1 900). When stored on disk, each row has a physical address. That could be a disk page address combined with an offset within the page. If the table is small enough, and kept in main memory, the physical address would simply be a virtual memory address. Suppose F is in main memory and looks like this:
F (in main memory)
row address f_id p_id y
0x1000 11 1 800
0x100c 12 1 900
Then an index on F.y would be:
F.y index (hash table, keyed by y)
y row address
800 0x1000
900 0x100c
The key is a y value, and a lookup yields a row address. We use the row address to locate the full F row.
Primary keys, foreign keys, and indexes
When you declare a primary key, you automatically get an index keyed by the columns of the primary key. This is true in every kind of relational database system. The reason for this is that a PK guarantees uniqueness. Every time a new row is inserted to the table, we need to check if the PK in that row is unique. Without an index, each check would require a scan of the table. If a table has n rows, then a scan takes O(n) time. And the time for all inserts would be O(n2). Not good. But with an index, (let's assume a hash index), the time to insert n rows is O(n), because each uniqueness check is just a hash lookup, which costs O(1). (Yes, I know the worst case of a hash lookup is O(n), but in practice, averaging over many keys, O(1) is a safe assumption.)
What about foreign keys? Does creating a foreign key result in the creation of an index? No, and I'm not sure why. It should at least be default behavior, because so many operations involving the FK are unacceptably slow without the index.
Consider this query: What F.y values associated with P.x = 1? which can be answered by the this relational algebra expression:
project( join( select(P, x = 1), F), [y])
Evaluation proceeds as follows:
 1. Find rows in P with x = 1. (This will be faster if we have an index on P.x.)
 2. From each qualifying P row, take the p_id value.
 3. Use the p_id value to find rows of F with matching p_id values.
 4. From each qualifying F row, take the y value.
Focus on step 3. If F has an index on p_id, then that step is going to run quickly, otherwise a scan is required. And remember, we're already in a loop from step 1. So it is really important for the speed of this query to have an index on F.p_id.
Finally, here is the point: Think about the index on F.p_id. It maps p_id values to F row addresses. Hey! That sounds like a back-pointer!
Conclusion
So do foreign keys have back-pointers? Yes, if you want them to, (and you usually do). They exist at the physical level of the database, in the form of an index on the foreign key columns. Here is the original schema, with an additional statement to create the FK index:
create table P( p_id int not null primary key, x int ); create table F( f_id int not null primary key, p_id int default null references P, y int ); create index fp_index on F(p_id); -- fp_index is the name of the index
Note that create table and create index are both part of the DDL (Data Definition Language) part of SQL. However, they are quite different conceptually. create table statements contribute to the logical layer of your database. create index


In a board design, what are the methods for reducing the junction temperature?
There are the following methods for reducing heat.
-Use heat sink,
-Choose a package with superior heat dissipation
-Add thermal via holes
-Increase pattern area
-Increase pattern thickness
For reducing the junction temperature, please refer to "Thermal Design and Attachment of a Thermal Fin: Power MOSFET Application Notes"
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text:
Mother's Day Gift Idea
Looking for a fun, unique gift for Mom on Mother's Day? Get her one of the Museum's cookbooks!
Just Plane Delicious
by San Diego Air & Space Museum
Enjoy first class fare from the San Diego Air & Space Museum while supporting the Museum's world class Library & Archives. Soar to new heights with hundreds of delectably delicious dishes contributed by the Museum's staff, volunteers, and friends.
From the pioneering days of Glenn Curtis and naval aviation at North Island, the building of Charles Lindbergh's Spirit of Saint Louis by Ryan Airways, the journey to space with Convair's Atlas rocket, to the present-day Predator and Global Hawk unmanned aerial vehicles, San Diego has become known as the "Air Capital of the West."
The San Diego Air & Space Museum has been the keeper of this rich heritage for nearly 50 years. Through preservation of significant artifacts, presentation of dynamic exhibits, and extensive resources of its Library & Archives, the Museum commemorates the men and women who forged aerospace history. This cookbook will help us continue those daring and important achievements. Click here to download a printable order form


text:
Extra large Axe of Perun. Cast from bronze. Surface is smooth - you can decorate it with your own ornamentation. Size circa 4 x 4.9, weight approx. 16.9 g (!). Dimensions of the hole for the leather cord or the chainlet is cca 5 x 6 mm. Top side of the axe is decorated with GROMOVITI ZNACI (thunder marks of Perun).
Gromoviti znaci means thunder marks in English, and they are devoted to Perun. These symbols used to be often engraved upon roof beams of village houses in Eastern Europe, to protect old Slavs from lightning. They also represent people (dancing) around the fire - unity of the family, tribe - Slavic unity.
This axe amulet is based on a finding from the Khazar fortress of Sarkel (Саркел) excavated around the 1930s. The Slavs had controlled this fortress from 965 until the 12th century.
This AXE was made by Wulflund and maintained by Milan Soukup.


This is documentation for Mathematica 8, which was
based on an earlier version of the Wolfram Language.
View current documentation (Version 11.2)
Invisible
Invisible[expr]
displays as space that is the same size as the formatted version of expr.
 - Invisible[expr] spans both the horizontal and vertical dimensions of expr.
 - Invisible[expr] has the same baseline alignment as expr.
 - Invisible gives space that is one em wide in the current font.
Display a blank space the same size as the formatted form of a given expression:
Here is the expression in visible form:
Use Invisible objects as column-width regulators in a grid:
Display a blank space the same size as the formatted form of a given expression:
In[1]:=
Click for copyable input
Out[1]=
Here is the expression in visible form:
In[2]:=
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Out[2]=

Use Invisible objects as column-width regulators in a grid:
In[1]:=
Click for copyable input
Out[1]=
Use Spacer to display a blank space with the size specified in printer's points:
New in 6


jective, this means that
for every vector
Non-commutative case: a caveat
Proposition. Let Template:Mvar be the ring of non-commutative real polynomials in Template:Mvar and Template:Mvar. Let Template:Mvar be the principal two-sided ideal generated by Template:Mvar and Template:Mvar the principal two-sided ideal generated by xy + 1. Then I + J = R but IJIJ.
Proof. Observe that Template:Mvar is formed by all polynomials with an Template:Mvar in every term and that every polynomial in Template:Mvar vanishes under the substitution y = − {{ safesubst:_TAG_:Unsubst||$B=1/x}}. Then clearly p = (xy + 1)xIJ. Define a "term in Template:Mvar", as an element of the multiplicative monoid of Template:Mvar generated by Template:Mvar and Template:Mvar, and its degree as the usual degree of the term after the substitution y = x. On the other hand, suppose qJ. Observe that a term in Template:Mvar of maximum degree depends on Template:Mvar otherwise Template:Mvar under the substitution y = − {{ safesubst:_TAG_:Unsubst||$B=1/x}} can not vanish. The same happens then for an element qIJ. Note that the last Template:Mvar, from left to right, in a term of maximum degree in an element of Template:Mvar is preceded by more than one Template:Mvar. (We are counting here all the preceding Template:Mvars. E.g., in x2yxyx5 the last Template:Mvar is preceded by three Template:Mvars.) This proves that p = (xy + 1)xIJ since the last Template:Mvar in the term of maximum degree in Template:Mvar (Template:Mvar) is preceded by only one Template:Mvar. Hence IJIJ.
See also
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|CitationClass=citation }}
 - {{_TAG_:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=citation }}. See Section 4.3.2 (pp. 286–291), exercise 4.6.2–3 (page 456).
 - {{_TAG_:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=citation }}
External links
 - {{_TAG_:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=citation }}


text:
Charleroi was built in 1666 by the Spaniards and named after Charles II, king of Spain, only a 4-year-old child when he was placed on the Spanish throne after the death of his father Philip IV.
The following year, the fortress was taken by French armies and it was under French occupation. Fortifications were completed and extended by Vauban.
Louis XIV, who wanted to promote the development of the new town, granted its inhabitants privileges.
In 1678, under the treaty of Nijmegen, Charleroi was given back to Spain.
A first industrial change based on coal, iron, and glass industries brought about a rise in Charleroi's population.


db_container
Function Details
db_container()

Default constructor.
db_container(const db_container &dbctnr)

Copy constructor.
The new container will be backed by another database within the same environment unless dbctnr's backing database is in its own internal private environment. The name of the database is coined based on current time and thread id and some random number. If this is still causing naming clashes, you can set a suffix number via "set_global_dbfile_suffix_number" function; And following db file will suffix this number in the file name for additional randomness. And the suffix will be incremented after each such use. You can change the file name via DbEnv::rename. If dbctnr is using an anonymous database, the newly constructed container will also use an anonymous one.
Parameters
dbctnr
The container to initialize this container.
db_container(Db *dbp,
 DbEnv *envp)

This constructor is not directly called by the user, but invoked by constructors of concrete container classes.
The statement about the parameters applies to constructors of all container classes.
Parameters
dbp
Database handle. dbp is supposed to be opened inside envp. Each dbstl container is backed by a Berkeley DB database, so dbstl will create an internal anonymous database if dbp is NULL.
envp
Environment handle. And envp can also be NULL, meaning the dbp handle may be created in its internal private environment.
Class
db_container


Custom Fields are Randomly Updating
 This article documents behavior that has been found out by one of our customers. This article provides details of the cause and ways to work around it.
 The Problem
 Note: In the context of release 5.1 of exalate, the store function was introduced.
 The store function allows to apply changes in the middle of the incoming sync script.
 Check for more information on How to use a store(issue) function.
 Most platforms allow automation which is triggered whenever a value is changed.
 Typically, whenever one value is set, another custom field needs to be adapted.
 A typical example is as follows
 - You have the custom field 'SLA respected' which is either 'No' or 'Yes'
 - When the issue is resolved within the SLA criteria, the custom field is automatically changed from 'No' to 'Yes'
 What we found out is that when the exalate store() function is used, the value is reset to 'No' - while it should remain to 'Yes'
 The Cause
 To explain how this can happen - it is important to understand how Exalate is applying changes that are composed in the incoming sync processor.
 Each time that the incoming sync processor is run, the following steps are followed
 1. Exalate extracts the entity under sync and populates a structure in memory - called 'hub-issue'
 This hub issue contains the values of all fields
 2. Exalate runs the incoming sync processor, applying any of the changes to the hub-issue
 3. The resulting hub issue is applied to the real entity.
 With the introduction of the store function, that sequence is influenced
 1. Exalate extracts the entity under sync and populates a structure in memory - called 'hub-issue'
 This hub issue contains the values of all fields
 2. Exalate runs the incoming sync processor, applying any of the changes to the hub-issue
 3. The store function will apply all the changes to the entity
 4. The incoming sync script is continued
 5. The resulting hub issue is applied again to the entity.
 The root cause of the problem is that when step 3 in the previous sequence is executed, the automation will update the entity independently from exalate.
 In step 5 this update (of automation) will be reverted to the previous value.
 Illustration on custom field 'SLA respected'
 Field on Entity
 hubissue
 Action of Exalate
 Automation
 Field on Entity
 hubissue
 Action of Exalate
 Automation
 1No
 Exalate retrieves the data
 2NoNoIncoming sync is started
 3NoNoStore Function is applied,Automation changes the value of the field on the entity to yes
 4YesNoIncoming sync is continued
 5NoNoHubissue is applied onto the entity.
 Workaround
 This is considered a bug and will be resolved in the platform.
 Workaround: In the incoming sync script remove the custom fields from the hubissue which should not be applied
 - look up the customField name and customField id of the custom field that should not be updated
 - Add following code to the incoming sync script
 // replace issue with the name of the entity

 issue.customFields.remove("SLA Respected")

 // 12345 is the field id as known by the tracker
 issue.customFields.remove("12345")
 The reason why this works is that by removing the customField from the hubIssue, it will not be applied.


text:
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE06-07
to Conduct Aerial Survey of Deer in Kensico Basin
Commissioner Emily Lloyd of the New York City Department
of Environmental Protection (DEP) announced today that within the
next two weeks the DEP is going to conduct an aerial survey of
the deer population in the area surrounding the Kensico Reservoir
The survey will use an infrared camera mounted on
a single engine Cessna airplane, and will be conducted at night
from an altitude of approximately 1000 feet. The study will
map the deer population within a 4-mile by 6-mile area of Westchester
covering the Kensico drainage basin.
"Deer can have a detrimental effect on watershed
areas by reducing or eliminating forest regeneration," said
Commissioner Lloyd. "Damage to the forests can lead
to loose or unstable soil, which then increases the amount of soil
that runs off into the water system during and after a rainfall
or snow melt. More data are needed if officials are to develop
an effective strategy for managing the deer herd in the county."
A healthy, vigorously growing forest consumes more
nutrients, reducing the amount of nutrients in watercourses and
reservoirs and thereby aiding in water quality protection. A
resilient forest with various sizes of trees is also able to recover
faster from various events, such as damage from weather.
DEP has worked extensively with Westchester County
and Pace University on the effects of whitetail deer. A conference
on deer management was held at Pace in November 2005, which led
to the decision by DEP to conduct the deer survey.
Survey work will be done by Vision Air Research
of Boise, Idaho, using a red and white Cessna. The flight
will be coordinated with the Federal Aviation Administration so
as to not interfere with operations at Westchester County Airport.


text:
- » Key resources and services
- » Organisations
- » Ministerial Council for Education, Early Childhood Development and Youth Affairs (MCEECDYA)
Ministerial Council for Education, Early Childhood Development and Youth Affairs (MCEECDYA)
The Council membership comprises State, Territory, Australian Government and New Zealand Ministers with responsibility for the portfolios of education, employment, training and youth affairs.
Functions of the Council include:
- coordination of strategic policy at the national level
- negotiation and development of national agreements on shared objectives and interests (including principles for Australian Government/State relations) in the Council's areas of responsibility
- negotiations on scope and format of national reporting on areas of responsibility
- sharing of information and collaborative use of resources towards agreed objectives and priorities
- coordination of communication with, and collaboration between, related national structures.
Abstract adapted from MCEECDYA
PO Box 202
Carlton South VIC 3053
Ph: (03) 9639 0588
Fax: (03) 9639 1790


text:
Variant of scrag
- a lean, scrawny person or animal
- a thin, stunted tree or plant
- the neck, or back of the neck, of mutton, veal, etc.
- Slang the human neck
Origin of scragprobably ; from Old Norse as in Norwegian skragg, feeble, stunted person, Danish skrog, Old Norse skröggr, fox (nickname) ; from Indo-European base an unverified form (s)ker-, to shrivel, shrink


text:
- Life at AUS
- Contact Us
- Apply Now
AUS furthers research and development in 3D concrete printing through 3D printed home project
In a collaboration between industry and academia, American University of Sharjah (AUS) faculty and students will help create the first 3D printed house in Sharjah at the Sharjah Research, Technology and Innovation Park (SRTI Park). The house is expected to be completed in 2019.
While maintaining a traditional appearance, the house will be printed using state-of-the-art 3D printing technology. This initiative will help bring Sharjah to the global forefront in the sustainable construction sector and establish the SRTI Park as a regional development center for 3D printing construction.
AUS has been teaching 3D Concrete Printing (3DCP) as part of the Master of Science in Civil Engineering program since 2010. The university is working on the development of this technology and training students in conducting applied scientific research, in conjunction with faculty members and external researchers from specialized companies, including Middle East Engineering Technologies (MEET), which focuses on building 3D printed structures. AUS recently issued a new faculty research grant that will advance ongoing 3DCP focused research.
Dr. Adil Al-Tamimi, Professor of Civil Engineering, teaches 3D Concrete Printing (3DCP) at AUS:
"I have been teaching 3DCP as a theoretical concept with the aim to motivate our students to explore new innovation in the construction industry. The students in this course usually design, produce and evaluate some innovative sustainable concretes similar to 3DCP as part of the course. They will now be able to put their classroom learning into real-life applications and get hands-on training through this collaboration."
The current research is an extension of work begun in 2017, when Dr. Al-Tamimi and his students were invited by Hussain Al Mahmoudi, CEO of the SRTI Park, to join a workshop on 3D concrete printing led by the Finnish Oulu University. During the workshop, two groups of AUS civil engineering students presented the initial findings of their final year design project on 3D concrete printing, which focused on developing a special concrete mixture suitable for robotic production.
This research has continued to progress. One of the two student groups won first place in a 2018 3D concrete printing mixture competition organized by the Dubai Chamber of Commerce and Industry. In 2019, three students in the AUS Master of Science in Civil Engineering program began conducting further research on 3DCP. Haidar Al Haidary, a 2018 graduate of the program, is now employed in the field of 3DCP, working with Middle East Engineering Technologies (MEET).
Elaborating on the groups' research, Dr. Al-Tamimi, said:
"One group is evaluating the bond between multi-layers of the 3DCP produced by nozzle extrusion method simulating robotic action, and the other aims to increase structural performance of the 3DCP in flextural and tensile strengths."
3DCP is considered to be one of the most innovative and reliable ways to build residential units through the use of digital machinery. According to Al Mahmoudi, as traditional construction costs increase, the 3D technology is expected to reduce overall costs. SRTI Park aims to provide a regional center for the research and development of 3D printing construction, and AUS students and faculty will gain hands-on experience with the technology through this collaboration.


text:
Are In-Demand Jobs in the Hospitality Sector, In-Demand for Opportunity Youth?
A familiar theme in a "changing world of work" is the fear of job loss to automation, matched by insufficient job creation to meet the demands of youth unemployment. Despite these fears, the hospitality industry continues to grow: Demand for workers, the large number of entry-level jobs, combined with low barriers to entry, transferable customer service skills, and a tendency to promote existing and long-term employees to management-level positions, make the hospitality sector ideal for workforce development efforts that target young people. Hotel supply chains also represent a diverse array of opportunities for youth in a changing world of work. With so much potential for career pathways in hospitality, why aren't more youth engaged? This session discussed the potential of the hospitality industry alongside some of the common and persistent barriers to Opportunity Youth gaining access to jobs in the sector, as well as some of the strategies being deployed to address these challenges.


text:
What is the purpose of grinding anode mud? In order to ensure the compactness of the anode product, a certain proportion of powder (approximately 45%) needs to be added to fill the gaps between the granules when manufacturing the raw anode. The main sources of powder are coke dust collected by the dust collection system and some fine particles (6~0mm) separated from the petroleum coke. The incoming materials are crushed into powder by anode mud pendulum mill. So, how to grind the anode mud?
The grinding anode mud adopts Vertical Pendulum Mill. The electromagnetic vibrating feeder is quantitatively fed into the pendulum mill. The dust-containing gas coming out of the anode mud mill is sorted by the air separator. The coarse particles are separated and returned to the anode mud mill for re-grinding. Qualified fine powder is collected by the cyclone collector and sent to the powder batching bin. The circulating air enters the anode mud mill through the ventilator for recycling production. The excess wind generated during the grinding process is purified and discharged into the atmosphere. In addition to being used for ingredients, part of the powder is used as an adsorbent for asphalt flue gas during the kneading and molding processes. It is used for the adsorption treatment of asphalt flue gas. After adsorbing the asphalt flue gas, it directly enters the mixing and kneading section.
The grinding anode mud, please choose Guilin Hongcheng. In addition to the pendulum mill, the anode mud mills we produce also include vertical mills, ultra-fine grinders and other models, which can process anode mud powder of 80-2500 mesh. If you have purchase requirements for anode mud grinding mill, please leave us a message to learn more about the anode mud grinding mill equipment.


SAS Formats and Informats have always been very convenient to use. They make it easy to convert, format or validate data.
Recently we were investigating some data validation issues. Some parts of the data validation was done using prxmatch but that was not too easy to maintain (i.e. when the same check had to be performed in multiple locations or for multiple data sources).
That's when we discovered that you can use a regex with a SAS Informat… Something that was reported as new back in 2012.
Here's a small example:
1
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5
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PROC FORMAT;
 INVALUE doors (default=50 max=200)
 "/ 2dr/i" (REGEXP) = 2
 "/ 4dr/i" (REGEXP) = 4
 "s/(.*)([\d])dr?(.*?)$/\2/i" (REGEXPE) = _SAME_
 "/V40\s*$/i" (REGEXP) = 5
 OTHER = .;
RUN;
PROC SQL;
 SELECT Make, Model, input(Model, doors.) as Doors
 FROM sashelp.cars
 WHERE calculated doors > 4;
QUIT;
In this small example, a new informat called doors is created. It is used to parse the Model name of the cars defined in the SASHELP.CARS table to extract the number of doors. It will first look for the value 2dr for cars with 2 doors, 4dr for cars with 4 doors. Of course, this is not practical if you have many combinations. The alternative is to use the substitution to extract the part of the string that matters. The 3rd test is looking for a digit followed by the d and optionally an r, if it matches, it will keep the digit. So this 3rd version would also cover the first two tests (it is just a more generic version of the same test). Last is a sample for the exceptions… when there is no indication about the number of doors.
Once you have to informat you are free to use it anywhere… for example in a PROC SQL.
More Info ? There is some great content on the SAS Website…


text:
Brad's suggestion to use the built-in number formatting functionality is wise -- it seems like a bad idea to permanently convert a decimal number to a formatted string in a table.
That said, if you really want to do this, read on:
If the Acres field type is Text, you can use the VBScript
FormatNumber function which by default adds thousands separators. Set the first argument to the Acres field and set the second argument to 0 to truncate (or round, not sure which it does) the decimal portion. Be sure to make a backup as this is a destructive operation.
FormatNumber(cint([ACRES]), 0) (note the string to integer conversion)
If the Acres field type is Float or Double, you would have to add another field of type Text and calculate it in a similar way:
Note: It is likely these methods will fail on records with null values so do a select by attributes first to select non-null records, e.g.
"ACRES" IS NOT NULL


text:
jQuery Mobile: The Concept of Linking Mobile Pages (1)
- a jQM page is bounded by a box with data-role='page' attribute (based on custom data attributes - HTML 5 standard)
- more than one jQM page can be defined in a HTML document
- the first jQM page is always loaded and rendered if the HTML document is loaded through sync. HTTP request, i.e not Ajax (async)
- a jQM page can be loaded via HTTP request or Ajax (xmlHttpRequest) request
- by default, jQM loads a mobile page (referenced from another mobile page) via Ajax unless special attribute is specified
Scenario 1: Multiple jQM pages in a HTML document
This is the most simple and common scenario; multiple jQM pages within a document. The following diagram shows how a document is initially loaded and how a mobile page is retrieved from an user interaction:
Mobile browser retrieves the whole document from the server and loads it. Since it is HTTP document request, any code within


Clearing cookies from a QML WebView
From Nokia Developer Wiki
Jump to: navigation, search
This article shows how to clear cookies from a QML WebView
Article Metadata
Code ExampleCompatibility
Platform Security
Signing Required: Self-Signed
Capabilities: NetworkServices
Keywords: WebView, QNetworkAccessManager, QNetworkCookieJar, QmlApplicationViewer
Created: ajakl (19 Jan 2012)
Last edited: hamishwillee (31 May 2013)
In some cases, you need to clear the cookies (or the cache) from a (QML) WebView. In general, the WebView doesn't have persistent storage for cookies after the session ended, that is when you quit the application (a solution to implement persistent cookies is described in QTBUG-16449). However, it can be useful to clear cookies while the application is running, for example if you need to do Facebook authentication in a WebView.
In Qt C++, cookies and the cache are controlled by the QNetworkAccessManager used by the QWebView. This network access manager doesn't have its direct representation in QML; however, it's possible to get a pointer to the instance of the access manager that QML is using to access the Internet. Through this instance, you can then replace the cookie jar of the access manager with a newly constructed (= empty) object, which essentially cleans out all the cookies. If you want to have more control and only delete specific cookies, you would need to provide your own QNetworkCookieJar subclass; but this is not the focus of this article.
To trigger the replacement of the cookie jar from QML, you need to glue it to C++. This can be done in the standard way how to call a C++ method from QML. In short: create a QObject instance, mark the C++ method as Q_INVOKABLE and set your class instance as a context property to the declarative engine. Then, you can directly call your cookie-jar-replacement-method from within QML.
Example Application
The small example app is based on the standard Qt Quick Application wizard template from Qt Creator and demonstrates the whole process:
 - Start the app and wait for the web page to load (by default a 3rd party cookie test page).
 - In the web page, click the "Set Test Cookie" button and wait for the page to reload, listing the cookie as set.
 - Now, click the red banner at the top of the page to clear the cookies and to reload the page.
 - Note that the cookie is gone.
Download the example app: File:WebviewCookies.zip
This class is set up in a way so that it can be triggered from QML, and has a method called clearCookies() that replaces the cookie jar from the network access manager used by the web view with a new and empty one, essentially clearing all cookies. The ownership of the new QNetworkCookieJar is transferred to the QNetworkAccessManager.
Header file:
class NetworkAccessManagerInteractor : public QObject
explicit NetworkAccessManagerInteractor(QDeclarativeEngine *declarativeEngine, QObject *parent = 0);
public slots:
Q_INVOKABLE void clearCookies();
QDeclarativeEngine* m_declarativeEngine;
NetworkAccessManagerInteractor::NetworkAccessManagerInteractor(QDeclarativeEngine *declarativeEngine, QObject *parent) :
void NetworkAccessManagerInteractor::clearCookies()
QNetworkAccessManager * nam = m_declarativeEngine->networkAccessManager();
if (nam) {
QNetworkCookieJar * emptyCookieJar = new QNetworkCookieJar();
// QNetworkAccessManager takes ownership of the cookieJar object.
qDebug() << "Replaced cookie jar";
} else {
qDebug() << "Unable to retrieve Network Access Manager from declarative engine";
Registering the class with the declarative engine
The new class needs to be registered with the declarative engine at application startup, so that the clearCookies() method can be called from the QML environment.
QmlApplicationViewer viewer;
NetworkAccessManagerInteractor* nami = new NetworkAccessManagerInteractor(viewer.engine(), &viewer);
viewer.rootContext()->setContextProperty("nami", nami);
return app->exec();
Triggering the clear cookies method from QML
The simple QML file contains a webview and a self-made red button; when clicked, it triggers the C++ method to clear the cookies and reloads the page in the webview.
import QtQuick 1.1
import QtWebKit 1.0
Rectangle {
id: rectangle2
width: 360
height: 360
Rectangle {
id: myButton
height: 60
color: "_TAG_"
anchors.right: parent.right
anchors.left: parent.left
anchors.top: parent.top
z: 1
MouseArea {
id: mouse_area1
anchors.fill: parent
onClicked: {
Text {
id: myButtonText
color: "_TAG_"
text: qsTr("Clear Coookies and Reload")
font.bold: true
anchors.fill: parent
verticalAlignment: Text.AlignVCenter
horizontalAlignment: Text.AlignHCenter
font.pixelSize: 16
WebView {
id: webView
url: "_URL_
anchors.fill: parent
Download the example app: File:WebviewCookies.zip
This page was last modified on 31 May 2013, at 02:56.
147 page views in the last 30 days.


Ethereum Hashrate Chart
The Ethereum hashrate chart provides the current Ethereum hashrate history in graph format with an option to expand the Ethereum global hashrate chart time frame back to 2016.
Ethereum Hashrate Now: 310.15 TH/s
Nov 30, 2020 02:55 AM UTC - 310,154,397,355,106 H/s
Loading Ethereum network hashrate chart Loading Ethereum network hashrate chart
The Ethereum network hashrate chart can be used to visualize Ethereum mining hashrate increases and decreases viewable in segment options of daily, weekly, monthly, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, 3 years, and all time.
What is Ethereum Hashrate?
Ethereum hashrate is a calculated numerical value that specifies an estimate of how many hashes are being generated by Ethereum miners trying to solve the current Ethereum block or any given block.
Ethereum hashrate is represented in Hashes per Second or H/s.
The global Ethereum network hashrate is a calculated value and is measured in hashes per second (H/s). The calculation uses the current mining difficulty and the average Ethereum block time between mined blocks versus the defined block time as variables to determine the global Ethereum network hashrate.
As the Ethereum network hashrate goes up - the ETH hashrate numbers get so large that abbreviations must be used.
The current Ethereum hashrate is 310.15 TH/s, representing the global Ethereum network hashrate with a mining difficulty of 3.72 P at block height 11,359,735.
View the Ethereum hashrate chart for all time historical hashrates.
Hashrate Unit/s Hash Hashes Per Second
H/s (Hash) 1 One
kH/s (KiloHash) 1,000 One Thousand
MH/s (MegaHash) 1,000,000 One Million
GH/s (GigaHash) 1,000,000,000 One Billion
TH/s (TeraHash) 1,000,000,000,000 One Trillion
PH/s (PetaHash) 1,000,000,000,000,000 One Quadrillion
EH/s (ExaHash) 1,000,000,000,000,000,000 One Quintillion
ZH/s (ZettaHash) 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 One Sextillion
YH/s (YottaHash) 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 One Septillion
It is important to point out the Ethereum hashrate does not determine how quickly or slowly each block is solved.
This timing, called the block time is enforced by the Ethereum mining difficulty value, which is adjusted upwards or downwards during each block difficulty retarget to keep blocks being solved at a constant time frame.
For more information about the Ethereum difficulty re-target visit the Ethereum mining page.
You can calculate Ethereum mining profits using the current ETH hashrate difficulty and our Ethereum mining calculator.
What is the Current Ethereum Hashrate?
The current Ethereum hashrate (ETH hashrate) is 310.15 TH/s at block height 11,359,735 with a difficulty of 3,721,852,768,261,272.00.
Ethereum Hashrate Stats
Current Ethereum Hashrate
Ethereum Global Hashrate
310.15 TH/s
Ethereum Hashrate All Time High
Ethereum Hashrate on Nov 29, 2020 at block 11,353,567
314.62 TH/s
How to Calculate Ethereum Hashrate
The Ethereum hashrate is calculated using the current Ethereum difficulty, the defined Ethereum block time, and the average block time of the last (X) number of blocks.
Most full Ethereum nodes will have an option to see the current Ethereum global hashrate using the "getnetworkhashps" command in the console window.
Ethereum getnetworkhashps
Given the fact that the Ethereum difficulty value determines statically how many hashes are needed to solve the next block, it is recommended to use the current mining difficulty to determine the statistically accurate number of Ethereum that can be mined in a given time frame.
Once again we recommend using our Ethereum mining calculator as the current Ethereum difficulty is preloaded, along with the latest Ethereum price.
Ethereum Ethereum Price
$26.58 (4.58 %)
24 hour change
Buy Ethereum Sell Ethereum


Formula Used
1 Gray = _PHONE_ Microsievert
1 Gray = _PHONE_ Microsievert
Other Gray Conversions
Grays to Microsieverts Conversion
Gy stands for grays and μSv stands for microsieverts. The formula used in grays to microsieverts conversion is 1 Gray = _PHONE_ Microsievert. In other words, 1 gray is _PHONE_ times bigger than a microsievert. To convert all types of measurement units, you can used this tool which is able to provide you conversions on a scale.
Convert Gray to Microsievert
How to convert gray to microsievert? In the absorbed dose measurement, first choose gray from the left dropdown and microsievert from the right dropdown, enter the value you want to convert and click on 'convert'. Want a reverse calculation from microsievert to gray? You can check our microsievert to gray converter.
FAQ about converter
How many Rad is 1 Gray?
How many Millirad is 1 Gray?
How many Joule per Kilogram is 1 Gray?
1 Gray is equal to 1 Joule per Kilogram. 1 Gray is 1 times Smaller than 1 Joule per Kilogram.
Grays to Microsieverts Converter
Units of measurement use the International System of Units, better known as SI units, which provide a standard for measuring the physical properties of matter. Measurement like absorbed dose finds its use in a number of places right from education to industrial usage. Be it buying grocery or cooking, units play a vital role in our daily life; and hence their conversions. helps in the conversion of different units of measurement like Gy to μSv through multiplicative conversion factors. When you are converting absorbed dose, you need a Grays to Microsieverts converter that is elaborate and still easy to use. Converting Gray to Microsievert is easy, for you only have to select the units first and the value you want to convert. If you encounter any issues to convert, this tool is the answer that gives you the exact conversion of units. You can also get the formula used in Gray to Microsievert conversion along with a table representing the entire conversion.
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text:
| < April >
|Normal Max/ High Temperature
|Min/ Low Temperature
|Average Daylight per day
|Sun altitude at solar noon on the 21st day.
- The average temperature in Nida in April is cool at 4.9 °C (40.82 °F).
- Afternoons can be a little cool with average high temperatures reaching 8.4 °C (47.1 °F).
- Overnight temperatures are generally very cool with an average low of 2.3 °C (36.1 °F).
- The variation/ range of diurnal mean temperatures in April is 6.1 °C (11 °F).
- The weather in April is dry. A mere 33mm (1.3in) of fluid falls.
- The shortest day is 13:02 long and the longest day is 15:12 long with an average length of 14:08.
Check the distance to and compare the Nida April averages with somewhere beginning with:
A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | All
Weather Trend Graph for April in Nida, Lithuania
Navigate to April Weather in Locations Surrounding Nida:
- Riga, Latvia - 257.4 kms (159.9 miles) NE
- Liepaja, Latvia - 130.4 kms (81.1 miles) N
- Birzai, Lithuania - 255.7 kms (158.9 miles) ENE
- Telsiai, Lithuania - 109.6 kms (68.1 miles) NE
- Siauliai, Lithuania - 162.3 kms (100.9 miles) ENE
- Klaipeda, Lithuania - 48 kms (29.8 miles) N
- Laukuva, Lithuania - 84.9 kms (52.7 miles) ENE
- Raseiniai, Lithuania - 134.7 kms (83.7 miles) E
- Silute, Lithuania - 28.4 kms (17.6 miles) ENE
- Ukmerge, Lithuania - 237.7 kms (147.7 miles) E
- Kaunas, Lithuania - 185.9 kms (115.5 miles) ESE
- Kybartai, Lithuania - 135.6 kms (84.3 miles) ESE
- Varena, Lithuania - 255.7 kms (158.9 miles) ESE
- Suwalki, Poland - 180.3 kms (112.1 miles) SE